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The KNIGHT REVISION of HORNBOSTEL-SACHS: a New Look at Musical Instrument Classification
The KNIGHT REVISION of HORNBOSTEL-SACHS: a new look at musical instrument classification by Roderic C. Knight, Professor of Ethnomusicology Oberlin College Conservatory of Music, © 2015, Rev. 2017 Introduction The year 2015 marks the beginning of the second century for Hornbostel-Sachs, the venerable classification system for musical instruments, created by Erich M. von Hornbostel and Curt Sachs as Systematik der Musikinstrumente in 1914. In addition to pursuing their own interest in the subject, the authors were answering a need for museum scientists and musicologists to accurately identify musical instruments that were being brought to museums from around the globe. As a guiding principle for their classification, they focused on the mechanism by which an instrument sets the air in motion. The idea was not new. The Indian sage Bharata, working nearly 2000 years earlier, in compiling the knowledge of his era on dance, drama and music in the treatise Natyashastra, (ca. 200 C.E.) grouped musical instruments into four great classes, or vadya, based on this very idea: sushira, instruments you blow into; tata, instruments with strings to set the air in motion; avanaddha, instruments with membranes (i.e. drums), and ghana, instruments, usually of metal, that you strike. (This itemization and Bharata’s further discussion of the instruments is in Chapter 28 of the Natyashastra, first translated into English in 1961 by Manomohan Ghosh (Calcutta: The Asiatic Society, v.2). The immediate predecessor of the Systematik was a catalog for a newly-acquired collection at the Royal Conservatory of Music in Brussels. The collection included a large number of instruments from India, and the curator, Victor-Charles Mahillon, familiar with the Indian four-part system, decided to apply it in preparing his catalog, published in 1880 (this is best documented by Nazir Jairazbhoy in Selected Reports in Ethnomusicology – see 1990 in the timeline below). -
Learnenglish Professionals
LearnEnglish Professionals INDIAN POP MUSIC AUDIOSCRIPT Listen to an interview with Mahesh Gupta, tabla player and DJ about his music. Optional exercise: Decide if these statements are true or false. (Answers below). 1. Mahesh thinks that the two styles of music he plays are completely different. 2. Rhythm is something fundamental to all music. 3. Mahesh thinks that live music doesn’t work in clubs. 4. He thinks that it is too early to try Djing at a classical music concert. 5. Indian audiences are far more lively than Western ones. 6. Mahesh is always looking for new experiences. Interviewer (I): Mahesh, you trained as a classical Indian musician, but now you spend most of your time playing records in nightclubs…they’re two very different things! Mahesh (M): Well, yes, they are…the two worlds are very different, but there is something that connects them… I: …and what’s that? M: Rhythm. An interest in rhythm. Rhythm is fundamental to everything that I do. Whether it’s the rhythmic section of a classical Indian raga, or some “Asian Underground” electronic beats in a club… I: And you mix the two things don’t you? M: Yes…I’ve played live tabla to electronic accompaniment in clubs in Europe. I: How has that gone down? M: Really well…I think people are getting bored of ordinary clubs and faceless DJs. Some live music is a great addition. I: And have you tried djing for a classical Indian audience on the other hand? M: No! I’m not quite sure the world’s ready for that yet…still, it’s an interesting idea! I: How are audiences for your music different in India and in Europe? M: Well, the classical audiences are far more sedate in Europe than in India. -
The Science of String Instruments
The Science of String Instruments Thomas D. Rossing Editor The Science of String Instruments Editor Thomas D. Rossing Stanford University Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics (CCRMA) Stanford, CA 94302-8180, USA [email protected] ISBN 978-1-4419-7109-8 e-ISBN 978-1-4419-7110-4 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7110-4 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer ScienceþBusiness Media (www.springer.com) Contents 1 Introduction............................................................... 1 Thomas D. Rossing 2 Plucked Strings ........................................................... 11 Thomas D. Rossing 3 Guitars and Lutes ........................................................ 19 Thomas D. Rossing and Graham Caldersmith 4 Portuguese Guitar ........................................................ 47 Octavio Inacio 5 Banjo ...................................................................... 59 James Rae 6 Mandolin Family Instruments........................................... 77 David J. Cohen and Thomas D. Rossing 7 Psalteries and Zithers .................................................... 99 Andres Peekna and Thomas D. -
Indo 91 0 1302899078 203
Andrew N. Weintraub. Dangdut Stories: A Social and Musical History of Indonesia's Most Popular Music. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2010. Photographs, musical notation, glossary, bibliography, index. 258+ pp. R. Anderson Sutton At last, a book on dangdut, and an excellent one. It is hard to imagine that anyone with experience in Indonesia over the past thirty-five years could be unaware of dangdut and its pervasive presence in the Indonesian soundscape. The importance of this music was first recognized in the international scholarly world by William Frederick in his landmark article on Rhoma Irama in the pages of this journal almost thirty years ago.1 Other scholars have devoted chapters to dangdut,2 but it is only with this meticulously researched and engagingly written book-length study by Andrew Weintraub that we have the important combination of perspectives—historical, musicological, sociological, gender, and media/cultural studies—that this rich and multifaceted form of expression deserves. Weintraub offers this highly informative study under the rubric of "dangdut stories," modestly pointing to the "incomplete and selective" nature of the stories he tells. But what he has accomplished is nothing short of a tour de force, giving us a very readable history of this genre, and untangling much about its diverse origins and the multiplicity of paths it has taken into the first decade of the twenty-first century. Near the outset, following three telling vignettes of dangdut events he observed, Weintraub explains that the book is a "musical and social history of dangdut within a range of broader narratives about class, gender, ethnicity, and nation in post independence Indonesia" (p. -
Analisa Sinyal Polyphonic Menggunakan Cross- Correlation Pada Sasando
TESIS – TE - 142599 ANALISA SINYAL POLYPHONIC MENGGUNAKAN CROSS- CORRELATION PADA SASANDO LOUIS FERDINAND BOESDAY 2213 206 001 DOSEN PEMBIMBING Dr. Ir. Yoyon Kusnendar Suprapto, M.Sc. PROGRAM MAGISTER BIDANG KEAHLIAN TELEMATIKA JURUSAN TEKNIK ELEKTRO FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI INDUSTRI INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER SURABAYA 2016 TESIS – TE - 142599 POLYPHONIC SIGNAL ANALYSIS USING CROSS- CORRELATION ON SASANDO LOUIS FERDINAND BOESDAY 2213 206 001 SUPERVISOR Dr. Ir. Yoyon Kusnendar Suprapto, M.Sc. MAGISTER PROGRAM FIELD OF STUDY TELEMATICS MAJOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING FACULTY OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SEPULUH NOPEMBR SURABAYA 2016 ANALISA SINYAL POLYPHONIC MENGGUNAKAN CROSS- CORRELATION PADA SASANDO Nama mahasiswa : Louis Ferdinand Boesday NRP : 2213 206 001 Pembimbing : Dr. Ir. Yoyon Kusnendar Suprapto, M.Sc. ABSTRAK Proses analisa sinyal polyphonic merupakan dasar dari topik analisa sinyal. Pada penelitian ini juga dibahas proses analisa terhadap sinyal musik. Instrumen alat musik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah sasando. Sasando dipilih bukan hanya karena keunikkannya dan karakteristiknya sebagai alat musi tradisional namun juga bertujuan dalam proses pelestarian. Proses pelestarian terhadap alat musik sasando menjadi penting mengingat semakin berkurangnya minat masyarakat untuk memainkan alat musik tradisional ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode correlation. Metode ini membandingkan dua buah sinyal untuk mencari kesamaan diantara kedua sinyal yang dibandingkan. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan perbandingan terhadap sinyal polyphonic. Sinyal polyphonic yang dimaksud ialah chord. Nilai kesamaan antara dua sinyal yang dibandingkan dapat dilihat dari karakteristik sinyal hasil correlation. Karakteristik yang dimaksud berupa nilai amplitudo maksimum dan bentuk sinyal hasil correlation. Kata kunci : Polyphonic, correlation, chord, sasando POLYPHONIC SIGNAL ANALYSIS USING CROSS-CORRELATION ON SASANDO By : Louis Ferdinand Boesday Student Number : 2213 206 001 Supervisor : Dr. -
When Maqam Is Reduced to a Place Eyal Sagui Bizawe
When Maqam is Reduced to a Place Eyal Sagui Bizawe In March 1932, a large-scale impressive festival took place at the National Academy of Music in Cairo: the first international Congress of Arab Music, convened by King Fuad I. The reason for holding it was the King’s love of music, and its aim was to present and record various musical traditions from North Africa and the Middle East, to study and research them. Musical delegations from Egypt, Iraq, Syria, Morocco, Algiers, Tunisia and Turkey entered the splendid building on Malika Nazli Street (today Ramses Street) in central Cairo and in between the many performances experts discussed various subjects, such as musical scales, the history of Arab music and its position in relation to Western music and, of course: the maqam (pl. maqamat), the Arab melodic mode. The congress would eventually be remembered, for good reason, as one of the constitutive events in the history of modern Arab music. The Arab world had been experiencing a cultural revival since the 19th century, brought about by reforms introduced under the Ottoman rule and through encounters with Western ideas and technologies. This renaissance, termed Al-Nahda or awakening, was expressed primarily in the renewal of the Arabic language and the incorporation of modern terminology. Newspapers were established—Al-Waq’i’a al-Masriya (Egyptian Affairs), founded under orders of Viceroy and Pasha Mohammad Ali in 1828, followed by Al-Ahram (The Pyramids), first published in 1875 and still in circulation today; theaters were founded and plays written in Arabic; neo-classical and new Arab poetry was written, which deviated from the strict rules of classical poetry; and new literary genres emerged, such as novels and short stories, uncommon in Arab literature until that time. -
PASIC 2010 Program
201 PASIC November 10–13 • Indianapolis, IN PROGRAM PAS President’s Welcome 4 Special Thanks 6 Area Map and Restaurant Guide 8 Convention Center Map 10 Exhibitors by Name 12 Exhibit Hall Map 13 Exhibitors by Category 14 Exhibitor Company Descriptions 18 Artist Sponsors 34 Wednesday, November 10 Schedule of Events 42 Thursday, November 11 Schedule of Events 44 Friday, November 12 Schedule of Events 48 Saturday, November 13 Schedule of Events 52 Artists and Clinicians Bios 56 History of the Percussive Arts Society 90 PAS 2010 Awards 94 PASIC 2010 Advertisers 96 PAS President’s Welcome elcome 2010). On Friday (November 12, 2010) at Ten Drum Art Percussion Group from Wback to 1 P.M., Richard Cooke will lead a presen- Taiwan. This short presentation cer- Indianapolis tation on the acquisition and restora- emony provides us with an opportu- and our 35th tion of “Old Granddad,” Lou Harrison’s nity to honor and appreciate the hard Percussive unique gamelan that will include a short working people in our Society. Arts Society performance of this remarkable instru- This year’s PAS Hall of Fame recipi- International ment now on display in the plaza. Then, ents, Stanley Leonard, Walter Rosen- Convention! on Saturday (November 13, 2010) at berger and Jack DeJohnette will be We can now 1 P.M., PAS Historian James Strain will inducted on Friday evening at our Hall call Indy our home as we have dig into the PAS instrument collection of Fame Celebration. How exciting to settled nicely into our museum, office and showcase several rare and special add these great musicians to our very and convention space. -
Cover Next Page > Cover Next Page >
cover next page > title: Indian Music and the West : Gerry Farrell author: Farrell, Gerry. publisher: Oxford University Press isbn10 | asin: 0198167172 print isbn13: 9780198167174 ebook isbn13: 9780585163727 language: English subject Music--India--History and criticism, Music--Indic influences, Civilization, Western--Indic influences, Ethnomusicology. publication date: 1999 lcc: ML338.F37 1999eb ddc: 780.954 subject: Music--India--History and criticism, Music--Indic influences, Civilization, Western--Indic influences, Ethnomusicology. cover next page > < previous page page_i next page > Page i Indian Music and the West < previous page page_i next page > < previous page page_ii next page > Page ii To Jane < previous page page_ii next page > < previous page page_iii next page > Page iii Indian Music and the West Gerry Farrell OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS < previous page page_iii next page > < previous page page_iv next page > Page iv OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Athens Auckland Bangkok Bogotá Buenos Aires Calcutta Cape Town Chennai Dar es Salaam Delhi Florence Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Mumbai Nairobi Paris São Paulo Singapore Taipei Tokyo Toronto Warsaw and associated companies in Berlin Ibadan Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York © Gerry Farrell 1997 First published 1997 New as paperback edition 1999 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) All rights reserved. -
JAVANESE CATHOLIC MUSICAL TRADITIONS in YOGYAKARTA, CENTRAL JAVA Elizabeth Hamilton SIT Study Abroad
SIT Graduate Institute/SIT Study Abroad SIT Digital Collections Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection SIT Study Abroad Fall 2018 FROM ORGAN TO GAMELAN: JAVANESE CATHOLIC MUSICAL TRADITIONS IN YOGYAKARTA, CENTRAL JAVA Elizabeth Hamilton SIT Study Abroad Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection Part of the Catholic Studies Commons, Ethnomusicology Commons, and the South and Southeast Asian Languages and Societies Commons Recommended Citation Hamilton, Elizabeth, "FROM ORGAN TO GAMELAN: JAVANESE CATHOLIC MUSICAL TRADITIONS IN YOGYAKARTA, CENTRAL JAVA" (2018). Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection. 2939. https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection/2939 This Unpublished Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the SIT Study Abroad at SIT Digital Collections. It has been accepted for inclusion in Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection by an authorized administrator of SIT Digital Collections. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FROM ORGAN TO GAMELAN: JAVANESE CATHOLIC MUSICAL TRADITIONS IN YOGYAKARTA, CENTRAL JAVA Elizabeth Hamilton ISP Adviser: Emilie Coakley, PhD Candidate at the University of Pittsburgh SIT Study Abroad Indonesia: Arts, Religion, and Social Change Fall 2018 FROM ORGAN TO GAMELAN 1 Table of Contents Acknowledgements ……………………………………………………………………………… 2 Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………. 3-6 Vatican II: A Bridge to Inculturation …………………………………………………………. 7-9 Pushing Keys, Striking Gongs, and Strumming Strings ……………………………………. 10-13 Pusat Musik Liturgi: The Center of Catholic Music ……………………………………….. 14-15 A Little Black Book with Red-Lined Pages ………………………………………………... 16-17 Tensions Between Traditional and Progressive Church Musicians ………………………... 18-19 Where Do We Find Music in Mass? ……………………………………………………….. 20-23 Music Gives Muscles to the Skeleton of Prayer …………………………………………… 24-26 With the Angels and Saints, We, Too, Sing ……………………………………………….. -
Mary Gottschalk Cultures of the Middle East 220 Professor Abdelrahim Salih Final Paper Music in the Middle East
Gottschalk 1 Mary Gottschalk Cultures of the Middle East 220 Professor Abdelrahim Salih Final Paper Music in the Middle East The “Middle East” is a term to describe the areas of North Africa and East Asia, where there is a deep cultural history and diverse people, commonly grouped in this term for their cultural similarities. As with trade, information, and innovation, music and the arts moved and assimilated throughout the area. Music pervades the culture in aspects of religion, tradition, and entertainment, and differs according to various conceptions of music based within those religious and cultural ideals. This paper will discuss some of the similarities and differences in middle eastern music: in the instruments as they relate to location, conceptions as they are formed by Muslim doctrine, and traditions based in their respective time periods. Instruments / Place Musical instruments in the middle east range in the complexity, skill needed to play, and type. Broad classifications consist of percussion, bowed, plucked, and wind instruments (Touma 1996 109). A predominant stringed instrument is known as the ‟ud, which literally means “wood”, but it has many names and variations throughout the world (Miller and Shahriari 2006 204). The ‟ud, or al‟ud “…is a fretless, plucked short-necked lute with a body shaped like half a pear” (Touma 1996 109). Its history traces back to the eighth century BCE with changes in size and number of strings, and today is commonly seen with “…five „courses‟ of strings, a course being a pair tuned in unison” (Miller and Shahriari 2006 204). The lack of frets allows the musician to articulate fine gradations of tone, strumming with either a plectrum or fingernails over the middle of the „ud‟s body (Miller and Shahriari 2006 205). -
Musical Explorers Is Made Available to a Nationwide Audience Through Carnegie Hall’S Weill Music Institute
Weill Music Institute Teacher Musical Guide Explorers My City, My Song A Program of the Weill Music Institute at Carnegie Hall for Students in Grades K–2 2016 | 2017 Weill Music Institute Teacher Musical Guide Explorers My City, My Song A Program of the Weill Music Institute at Carnegie Hall for Students in Grades K–2 2016 | 2017 WEILL MUSIC INSTITUTE Joanna Massey, Director, School Programs Amy Mereson, Assistant Director, Elementary School Programs Rigdzin Pema Collins, Coordinator, Elementary School Programs Tom Werring, Administrative Assistant, School Programs ADDITIONAL CONTRIBUTERS Michael Daves Qian Yi Alsarah Nahid Abunama-Elgadi Etienne Charles Teni Apelian Yeraz Markarian Anaïs Tekerian Reph Starr Patty Dukes Shanna Lesniak Savannah Music Festival PUBLISHING AND CREATIVE SERVICES Carol Ann Cheung, Senior Editor Eric Lubarsky, Senior Editor Raphael Davison, Senior Graphic Designer ILLUSTRATIONS Sophie Hogarth AUDIO PRODUCTION Jeff Cook Weill Music Institute at Carnegie Hall 881 Seventh Avenue | New York, NY 10019 Phone: 212-903-9670 | Fax: 212-903-0758 [email protected] carnegiehall.org/MusicalExplorers Musical Explorers is made available to a nationwide audience through Carnegie Hall’s Weill Music Institute. Lead funding for Musical Explorers has been provided by Ralph W. and Leona Kern. Major funding for Musical Explorers has been provided by the E.H.A. Foundation and The Walt Disney Company. © Additional support has been provided by the Ella Fitzgerald Charitable Foundation, The Lanie & Ethel Foundation, and -
Visual Metaphors on Album Covers: an Analysis Into Graphic Design's
Visual Metaphors on Album Covers: An Analysis into Graphic Design’s Effectiveness at Conveying Music Genres by Vivian Le A THESIS submitted to Oregon State University Honors College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Honors Baccalaureate of Science in Accounting and Business Information Systems (Honors Scholar) Presented May 29, 2020 Commencement June 2020 AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Vivian Le for the degree of Honors Baccalaureate of Science in Accounting and Business Information Systems presented on May 29, 2020. Title: Visual Metaphors on Album Covers: An Analysis into Graphic Design’s Effectiveness at Conveying Music Genres. Abstract approved:_____________________________________________________ Ryann Reynolds-McIlnay The rise of digital streaming has largely impacted the way the average listener consumes music. Consequentially, while the role of album art has evolved to meet the changes in music technology, it is hard to measure the effect of digital streaming on modern album art. This research seeks to determine whether or not graphic design still plays a role in marketing information about the music, such as its genre, to the consumer. It does so through two studies: 1. A computer visual analysis that measures color dominance of an image, and 2. A mixed-design lab experiment with volunteer participants who attempt to assess the genre of a given album. Findings from the first study show that color scheme models created from album samples cannot be used to predict the genre of an album. Further findings from the second theory show that consumers pay a significant amount of attention to album covers, enough to be able to correctly assess the genre of an album most of the time.