Saints for Bakers

Saints for Bakers The following Saints and Beati have connections to bakers or the trade, either as patrons or having worked in the field.

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Blessed Albert of Bergamo Memorial • 11 May • 7 May (Dominicans) Profile Born to a modest but pious farm family. Married layman. Farmer in Villa d’Ogna, Italy. Dominican tertiary. Known for his ministry and devotion to the poor. Pilgrim to Rome, Italy, to Jerusalem and to Compostela, Spain. Settled finally in Cremona, Italy. Known as a miracle worker.

Born • Villa d'Ogna, Italy Died • 7 May 1279 in Cremona, Italy of natural causes

2 Saints.SQPN.com Beatified • 9 May 1748 by Pope Benedict XIV (cultus confirmed) Patronage • bakers • day labourers Representation • farm worker cutting through a stone with a scythe • farm worker being brought the Eucharist in the field by a dove Prayers Almighty and ever-loving God, you led Blessed Albert to shine forth in humility of life, in zeal for the truth and in apostolic charity. May we follow in his footsteps and so obtain the same reward. We ask this through our Lord Jesus Christ, your Son, who lives and reigns with you and the Holy Spirit, one God, for ever and ever. - General Calendar of the Order of Preachers

Saint Andre Bessette Also known as • Alfred Bessette • Andreas Bessette Memorial • 6 January Profile Son of a woodcutter, and eighth of twelve children. His father died in a work-related accident, his mother of tuberculosis, and he was adopted at age twelve by a farmer uncle who insisted he work for his keep. Over the years Andre worked as a farmhand, shoemaker, baker, blacksmith, and factory worker. At 25 he applied to join the Congregation of the Holy Cross ; Andre was initially refused due to poor health, but

3 Saints for Bakers he gained the backing of Bourget, and was accepted.

Doorkeeper at Notre Dame College, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Sacristan, laundry worker and messenger. He spent much of each night in prayer, and on his window sill, facing Mount Royal, was a small statue of , to whom Andre was especially devoted. “Some day,” Andre believed, “ will be honored on Mount Royal.”

Andre had a special ministry to the sick. He would rub the sick person with oil from a lamp in the college chapel, and many were healed. Word of his power spread, and when an epidemic broke out at a nearby college, Andre volunteered to help; no one died. The trickle of sick people to his door became a flood. His superiors were uneasy; diocesan authorities were suspicious; doctors called him a quack. “I do not cure,” he always said; “Saint Joseph cures.” By his death, he was receiving 80,000 letters each year from the sick who sought his prayers and healing.

For many years the Holy Cross authorities had tried to buy land on Mount Royal. Brother Andre and others climbed the steep hill and planted medals of Saint Joseph on it, and soon after, the owners yielded, which incident helped the current devotion to Saint Joseph by those looking to buy or sell a home. Andre collected money to build a small chapel and received visitors there, listening to their problems, praying, rubbing them with Saint Joseph’s oil, and curing many. The chapel is still in use.

Born • 9 August 1845 near Montreal, Quebec, Canada as Alfred Bessette Died • 6 January 1937 of 'gastric catarrh' in the infirmary of Our Lady of Hope convent, Montreal, Quebec, Canada • more than a million people paid their respects at his funeral • his tombstone reads: Pauper, servis a humilis (a poor and humble servant)

4 Saints.SQPN.com Venerated • 12 June 1978 by Pope Paul VI Beatified • 23 May 1982 by Pope John Paul II Canonized • 17 October 2010 Pope Benedict XVI

Saint Clement Mary Hofbauer Also known as • Apostle of • Clemens Mary Hofbauer • Johannes Hofbauer • John Dvorák • Klemens Maria • Second Founder of the Memorial • 15 March Profile Ninth child of a butcher who changed the family name from the Moravian Dvorák to the Germanic Hofbauer. His father died when Clement was six years old. The young man felt a call to the priesthood, but his family was too poor to afford his education. Apprentice and journeyman baker at Premonstratensian monastery at Bruck, Germany. .

When hermitages were abolished by Emperor Joseph II, Clement worked as a baker in Vienna, Austria. Hermit in Italy with Peter Kunzmann, taking the name Clement. Made three pilgrimages to Rome. During the third, he joined the Redemptorists at San Giuliano, adding the name Marie. He met some sponsors following a , and they agreed to pay for his education. Studied at the , and at

5 Saints for Bakers Rome. Ordained in 1785, and assigned to Vienna.

Missionary to Warsaw, Poland with several companions from 1786 to 1808, working with the poor, building schools and orphanages; the brothers preached five sermons a day. Spiritual teacher of Venerable Joseph Passerat. With Father Thaddeus Hubl, he introduced the Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer to Poland. From there he sent Redemptorist missionaries to Germany and Switzerland. Clement and his companions were imprisoned in 1808 when suppressed religious orders, then expelled to Austria.

Noted preacher and spiritual director in Vienna. Chaplain and spiritual director of an Ursuline convent. Founded a Catholic college in Vienna. Worked with young men, and helped revitalize German religious life. Worked against the establishment of a German national Church. Worked against which sought secular control of the Church and clergy.

Born • 26 December 1751 at Tasswitz, (in the modern ) as John Dvorák Died • 15 March 1820 at Vienna, Austria of natural causes Venerated • 14 May 1876 by Pope Blessed Pius IX (decree of heroic virtues) Beatified • 29 January 1888 by Pope Leo XIII Canonized • 20 May 1909 by Patronage • Vienna, Austria (named by Pope Saint Pius X in 1914)

6 Saints.SQPN.com Readings Religion in Austria has lost its chief support. - Pope Pius VII on hearing of Saint Clement’s death

Saint Elizabeth of Hungary Also known as • Elizabeth of Thuringia • Elisabeth of Thuringia • Elisabeth of Hungary Memorial • 17 November Profile Princess, the daughter of King Andrew of Hungary. Great-aunt of Saint Elizabeth of Portugal. She married Prince Louis of Thuringa at age 13. Built a hospital at the foot of the mountain on which her castle stood; tended to the sick herself. Her family and courtiers opposed this, but she insisted she could only follow Christ’s teachings, not theirs. Once when she was taking food to the poor and sick, Prince Louis stopped her and looked under her mantle to see what she was carrying; the food had been miraculously changed to roses. Upon the death of Louis, Elizabeth sold all that she had, and worked to support her four children. Her gifts of bread to the poor, and of a large gift of grain to a famine stricken Germany, led to her patronage of bakers and related fields.

Born • 1207 at Presburg, Hungary Died • 1231 at Marburg of natural causes

7 Saints for Bakers • her relics, including her skull wearing a gold crown she had worn in life, are preserved at the convent of Saint Elizabeth in Vienna, Austria Name Meaning • worshipper of God Canonized • 27 May 1235 by Pope Gregory IX at Perugia, Italy Patronage • against in-law problems • against the death of children • against toothache • bakers • beggars • brides • charitable societies • charitable workers • charities • countesses • Erfurt, Germany, diocese of • exiles • falsely accused people • hoboes • homeless people • hospitals • Jaro, Philippines, archdiocese of • lacemakers • lace workers • nursing homes • nursing services • people in exile • people ridiculed for their piety • Sisters of Mercy • tertiaries • Teutonic Knights • tramps

8 Saints.SQPN.com • widows Representation • woman wearing a crown and tending to beggars • woman wearing a crown, carrying a load of roses in her apron or mantle Readings Elizabeth was a lifelong friend of the poor and gave herself entirely to relieving the hungry. She ordered that one of her castle should be converted into a hospital in which she gathered many of the weak and feeble. She generously gave alms to all who were in need, not only in that place but in all the territories of her husband’s empire. She spent all her own revenue from her husband’s four principalities, and finally she sold her luxurious possessions and rich clothes for the sake of the poor.

Twice a day, in the morning and in the evening, Elizabeth went to visit the sick. She personally cared for those who were particularly repulsive; to some she gave good, to others clothing; some she carried on her own shoulders, and performed many other kindly services. Her husband, of happy memory, gladly approved of these charitable works. Finally, when her husband died, she sought the highest perfection; filled with tears, she implored me to let her beg for alms from door to door.

On Good Friday of that year, when the altars had been stripped, she laid her hands on the altar in a chapel in her own town, where she had established the Friars Minor, and before witnesses she voluntarily renounced all worldly display and everything that our Savior in the gospel advises us to abandon. Even then she saw that she could still be distracted by the cares and worldly glory which had surrounded her while her husband was alive. Against my will she followed me to Marburg. Here in the town she built a hospice where she gathered together the weak and the feeble. There she attended the most wretched and contemptible at her own table.

Apart from those active good works, I declare before God that I have seldom seen a more contemplative woman.

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Before her death I heard her confession. When I asked what should be done about her goods and possessions, she replied that anything which seemed to be hers belonged to the poor. She asked me to distribute everything except one worn-out dress in which she wished to be buried. When all this had been decided, she received the body of our Lord. Afterward, until , she spoke often of the holiest things she had heard in sermons. Then, she devoutly commended to God all who were sitting near her, and as if falling into a gentle sleep, she died. - from a letter by Conrad of Marburg, spiritual director of Saint Elizabeth of Hungary

Saint Erhard of Regensburg Also known as • Albert of Regensburg • Erhart of Regensburg • Erhard von Regensburg • Erhard of Ratisbon Memorial • 8 January Profile Missionary bishop. Evangelized in Bavaria, Germany working mainly around modern Regensburg. Assisted the archbishop of Trier, Germany. Bishop of Regensburg. Miracle worker. Baptized Saint Odilia of Alsace, which cured her congenital blindness. After his death a group of women formed a religious group called Erardinonnen ( of Erhard ) to pray perpetually at Erhard’s tomb; Pope Leo IX gave them his approval, and they continued until the .

Born • 7th century Irish

10 Saints.SQPN.com Died • c.686 of natural causes • interred at Regensburg, Germany • his crozier is preserved as a relic in the church in Neidemunster Patronage • against cattle diseases • against eye diseases • against eye problems • against plague • bakers • cobblers • hospitals • shoemakers Representation • bishop baptizing Saint Odilia of Alsace • bishop with a book on which sit two eyes

Saint Honorius of Amiens Also known as • Honoratus of Amiens • Honortus of Amiens • Honoré of Amiens Memorial • 16 May Profile Born to the nobility. Known as a pious child, he was educated by Saint Beatus of Amiens. Reluctant bishop of Amiens, France, believing himself unworthy. Legend says that a ray of divine light and holy oil appeared upon his head at the time of his selection as bishop. Re-discovered the relics of Saint Victoricus of Amiens, Saint Fuscian of Amiens,

11 Saints for Bakers and Saint Gentian of Amiens, which had been lost for 300 years.

Legend says that when word reached the family home in Porthieu that Honorius had been chosen bishop, his old nursemaid, who was baking bread at the time, announced that the boy was no more going to be a bishop that then baker's peel she was leaning on would turn back into a tree. The wooden peel promptly grew roots and branches and turned into a blackberry tree what was still be shown to pilgrims 900 years later. This naturally led to a baker's peel being one of his emblems, and his patronage of trades associated with baking.

Born • Porthieu, Amiens, France Died • 30 September 653 at Porthieu, Amiens, France • miracles reported at his tomb, especially in 1060 when his body was exhumed Patronage • against drought • bakers • bakers of holy wafers • cake makers • candlemakers • chandlers • confectioners • corn chandlers • florists • flour merchants • oil refiners • pastry chefs Representation • baker's peel or shovel • bishop with a large Host • bishop with three Hosts on a baker's shovel

12 Saints.SQPN.com • loaves of bread • prelate with a hand reaching from heaven to give him bread for the Mass

Saint John Bosco Also known as • Don Bosco • Giovanni Bosco • Giovanni Melchior Bosco • John Melchoir Bosco Memorial • 31 January Profile Son of Venerable Margaret Bosco. John’s father died when the boy was two years old; and as soon as he was old enough to do odd jobs, John did so to helps support his family. Bosco would go to circuses, fairs and carnivals, practice the tricks that he saw magicians perform, and then put on one-boy shows. After his performance, while he still had an audience of boys, he would repeat the homily he had heard earlier that day in church.

He worked as a tailor, baker, shoemaker, and carpenter while attending college and seminary. Ordained in 1841. A teacher, he worked constantly with young people, finding places where they could meet, play and pray, teaching catechism to orphans and apprentices. Chaplain in a hospice for girls. Wrote short treatises aimed at explaining the faith to children, and then taught children how to print them. Friend of Saint Joseph Cafasso, whose biography he wrote, and confessor to Blessed Joseph Allamano. Founded the Salesians of Don Bosco (SDB) in 1859, priests who work with and educate boys, under the protection of Our Lady, Help of Chistians, and Saint . Founded the Daughters of Mary, Help of Christians in 1872, and Union of Cooperator Salesians in 1875.

13 Saints for Bakers Born • 16 August 1815 at Becchi, Castelnuovo d’Asti, Piedmont, Italy as Giovanni Melchior Bosco Died • 31 January 1888 at Turin, Italy of natural causes Venerated • 24 July 1907 by Pope Pius X Beatified • 2 June 1929 by Pope Pius XI Canonized • 1 April 1934 by Pope Pius XI Patronage • apprentices • boys • editors • Mexican young people • laborers • schoolchildren • students • young people Readings Fly from bad companions as from the bite of a poisonous snake. If you keep good companions, I can assure you that you will one day rejoice with the blessed in Heaven; whereas if you keep with those who are bad, you will become bad yourself, and you will be in danger of losing your soul. - Saint John Bosco

Enjoy yourself as much as you like - if only you keep from sin. - Saint John Bosco

Do you want our Lord to give you many graces? Visit him often. Do you want him to give you few graces? Visit him seldom. Visits to the Blessed Sacrament are powerful and indispensable means of overcoming the attacks of the devil.

14 Saints.SQPN.com Make frequent visits to Jesus in the Blessed Sacrament and the devil will be powerless against you. - Saint John Bosco

Saint Macarius the Younger Also known as • Macarius Memorial • 2 January Profile Successful merchant in fruits, candies, and pastries in Alexandria, . Converting to , Macarius gave up his business in 335 to become a and hermit in the Thebaid, Upper Egypt. For a while he lived near and was a friend of Saint Anthony the Abbot. Macarius was a poet, healer, and friend to wild animals. He was exiled by heretic Arians with Saint Macarius the Elder and other to an island in the Nile because of his orthodoxy, but he was later allowed to return. In later life he travelled to Lower Egypt, and was ordained, and lived in a desert cell with other monks. He wrote a constitution for the monastery at Nitria named after him, and some of its rules were adopted by Saint for his monastery.

Amazing stories grew up his practice of severe austerities, some of which reached the proportion of legend.

For seven years he lived on raw vegetables dipped in water with a few crumbs of bread, moistened with drops of oil on feast days.

He once spent 20 days and 20 nights without sleep, burnt by the sun in the day, frozen by bitter desert cold cold at night. “My mind dried up because of lack of sleep, and I had a kind of delirium,” the hermit admitted. “So I gave in to nature and returned to my cell.”

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Trying to get further from the world, and closer to God, Macarius moved to the desert of Nitria in Lower Egypt in 373. The journey was through a harsh land, at when Macarius was at the end of his strength, the devil appeared and asked, “Why not ask God for the food and strength to continue your journey?” Macarius answered, “The Lord is my strength and glory. Do not tempt a servant of God.” The devil then gave him a vision of a camel laden with food. Macarius was about to eat, but suspected a trap, and so prayed over the camel; it vanished.

He spent six months naked in the marshes, beset constantly by viscious blood-sucking flies and mosquitoes, in the hope of destroying his last bit of sexual desire. The terrible conditions and attacking insects left him so deformed that when he returned to the monks, they could recognize him only by his voice.

A young brother once offered Macarius some very fine grapes. The old fruit dealer was about to eat when he decided to sent them to a brother who was ill. This brother passed them to one he considered more in need; that one did the same, and on and on until the grapes made the rounds of all the cells and returned to Macarius.

Macarius returned to Skete and began to work on his worst vice - his love of travel. The devil appeared and suggested Macarius go to Rome and chase out the demons there. Torn between travelling for such a good cause, but wishing to fight his vice, Macarius filled a large basket with sand, put it on his back, and set out. When someone offered to help him, he said, “Leave me alone! I am punishing my tormenter. He wishes to lead me, old and weak as I am, on a distant and vain voyage.” He then returned to his cell, body broken with fatigue, but cured of his

16 Saints.SQPN.com temptation.

In old age Macarius journeyed to a monastery where 1,400 lived under the rigid rule of Saint Pachomius. Macarius was refused admittance. “You are too old to survive the great rigor we have here,” Pachomius told him. “One should be trained in it from childhood, or else one cannot stand it. Your health would fail and you would curse us for harming you.” Macarius then stood at the abbey gate for seven days and nights - without sleep, without food, without saying a word. Finally, the monks relented and he let him in. Macarius stood in a corner of the monastery in complete silence for all of Lent, living on a few cabbage leaves each Sunday “more to avoid ostentation, than from any real need.” The monks became so jealous of this new brother that they took their complaint to Pachomius, who asked God for illumination. When he learned that the old man was Macarius, he went to him and said, “My brother, I thank you for the lesson you have given my sons. It will prevent their boasting about their modest mortifications. You have edified us sufficiently. Return to your own monastery, and pray for us each day.”

Born • early 4th century at Alexandria, Egypt Died • c.401 of natural causes Patronage • confectioners • cooks • pastry chefs Representation • flies

17 Saints for Bakers • flies stinging a desert hermit • hermit with lamp • hermit with lantern • hermit leaning on a crutch in the form of a tau staff while conversing with a skull

Saint Meingold Memorial • 8 February Profile Member of a noble family of Liege, Belgium. Lived in Huy, Belgium, and was known for his personal holiness. Assassinated while returning from a pilgrimage; the killers cared nothing about his faith, and killed him for purely political reasons.

Died • murdered in 892 Patronage • bakers

Michael the Archangel Memorial • 29 September • 8 May - Apparition of Saint and Protector of Cornwall Profile Archangel. Leader of the army of God during the Lucifer uprising. Devotion is common to Muslims, Christians and Jews, and there are writings about him in all three cultures.

18 Saints.SQPN.com Considered the guardian angel of Israel, and the guardian and protector of the Church. In the Book of (12:1), Michael is described as rising up to defend the Church against the Anti-Christ.

The feast of the Apparition of Saint Michael commemorates appearance of the archangel to a man named Gargan in 492 on Mount Gargano near Manfredonia in southern Italy. Gargan and others were pasturing cattle on the mountain; a bull wandered off and hid in a cave. An arrow was shot into the cave, but it came flying back out and wounded the archer. The cowherds went to their bishop who ordered three days of fasting and prayer to seek an explanation for the mystery. At the end of the three days Michael appeared to the bishop and requested a church built in the honour of the Holy Angels in the cave. If you find medals or holy cards with 'relics' of Michael, they are probably rock chips from the cave, or pieces of cloth that have touched it.

Born • wasn't Died • hasn't Patronage • against danger at sea • against temptations • Albenga, Italy • ambulance drivers • Argao, Cebu, Philippines • artists • bakers • bankers • banking • barrel makers • Basey, Samar, Philippines • battle • boatmen

19 Saints for Bakers • Brecht, Belgium • Brussels, Belgium • Cabo Rojo, Puerto Rico • Caltanissett, Sicily, Italy • Castel Madama, Italy • Cerveteri, Italy • Coimbatore, India, diocese of • Congregation of Saint Michael the Archangel • coopers • Cornwall, • Cuneo, Italy • Dormagen, Germany • Dunakeszi, Hungary • dying people • emergency medical technicians • EMTs • England • fencing • Gaby, Italy • Germany • Gravina, Italy • Greek Air Force • greengrocers • grocers • haberdashers • hatmakers • hatters • holy death • Iklin, Malta • Iligan, Philippines, diocese of • knights • London, England • Marcianise, Italy • mariners • milleners • Mobile, Alabama, archdiocese of

20 Saints.SQPN.com • Naranjito, Puerto Rico • Papua, New Guinea • paramedics • paratroopers • Pensacola-Tallahassee, Florida, diocese of • police officers • Puebla, Mexico • radiologists • radiotherapists • sailors • Salgareda, Italy • San Angelo, Texas, diocese of • San Miguel, Iloilo, Philippines • San Miguel de Allende, Mexico • Sant'Angelo Romano, Italy • Saracinesco, Italy • Seattle, Washington, archdiocese of • security guards • Sibenik, Croatia • sick people • Siegburg Abbey • soldiers • Spanish police officers • Springfield, Massachusetts, diocese of • storms at sea • swordsmiths • Toronto, Ontario, archdiocese of • Toronto, Ontario, city of • Umbria, Italy • Vallinfreda, Italy • watermen • Zeitz, Germany Representation • balance (helping to judge at the Last Judgment) • banner (as the leader of the army of God) • dragon (representing the defeated devil)

21 Saints for Bakers • scales (helping to judge at the Last Judgment) • sword (as a soldier of God) Readings You should be aware that the word "angel" denotes a function rather than a nature. Those holy spirits of heaven have indeed always been spirits. They can only be called angels when they deliver some message. Moreover, those who deliver messages of lesser importance are called angels; and those who proclaim messages of supreme importance are called archangels.

Whenever some act of wondrous power must be performed, Michael is sent, so that his action and his name may make it clear that no one can do what God does by his superior power. - from a homily by Pope Saint Gregory the Great

Saint Nicholas of Myra Also known as • Klaus • Mikulas • Nicholas of Bari • Nicolaas • Nicolas • Niklas • Santa Claus Memorial • 6 December Profile Priest. Abbot. Bishop of Myra, Lycia (modern Turkey). Generous to the poor, and special protector of the innocent and wronged. Many stories grew up around him prior to his becoming associated with Santa Claus. Some examples

22 Saints.SQPN.com • Upon hearing that a local man had fallen on such hard times that he was planning to sell his daughters into prostitution, Nicholas went by night to the house and threw three bags of gold in through the window, saving the girls from an evil life. These three bags, gold generously given in time of trouble, became the three golden balls that indicate a pawn broker’s shop. • He raised to life three young boys who had been murdered and pickled in a barrel of brine to hide the crime. These stories led to his patronage of children in general, and of barrel-makers besides. • Induced some thieves to return their plunder. This explains his protection against theft and robbery, and his patronage of them - he’s not helping them steal, but to repent and change. In the past, thieves have been known as ’ clerks or Knights of Saint Nicholas. • During a voyage to the Holy Lands, a fierce storm blew up, threatening the ship. He prayed about it, and the storm calmed - hence the patronage of sailors and those like dockworkers who work on the sea.

Died • c.346 at Myra, Lycia (in modern Turkey) of natural causes • relics believed to be at Bari, Italy Patronage • against imprisonment • against robberies • against robbers • Amsterdam, Netherlands • apothecaries • Apulia, Italy • archers • Avolasca, Italy • bakers • Bardolino, Italy • Bari, Italy • Barranquilla, Colombia

23 Saints for Bakers • barrel makers • Beit Jala, Palestinian Territory • boatmen • boot blacks • boys • brewers • brides • Cammarata, Sicily, Italy • captives • Cardinale, Italy • Cas Concos, Spain • children • coopers • Creazzo, Italy • dock workers • druggists • Duronia, Italy • fishermen • Fossalto, Italy • Gagliato, Italy • Genazzano, Italy • Greece • Greek in America • Greek Catholic Union • grooms • judges • La Thuile, Italy • lawsuits lost unjustly • Lecco, Italy • Limerick, Ireland • Liptovský Mikulás, Slovakia • Liverpool, England • longshoremen • Lorraine, France • maidens • mariners

24 Saints.SQPN.com • Mazzano Romano, Italy • Mentana, Italy • Meran, Italy • merchants • Miklavž na Dravskem polju, Slovenia • penitent murderers • Naples, Italy • newlyweds • old maids • parish clerks • paupers • pawnbrokers • perfumeries • perfumers • pharmacists • pilgrims • poor people • Portsmouth, England • prisoners • Russia • sailors • Sassari, Italy • scholars • schoolchildren • shoe shiners • Sicily • Is-Siggiewi, Malta • spinsters • students • penitent thieves • travellers • University of Paris • unmarried girls • Varangian Guard • watermen Representation

25 Saints for Bakers • anchor • bishop calming a storm • bishop holding three bags of gold • bishop holding three balls • bishop with three children • bishop with three children in a tub at his feet • purse • ship • three bags of gold • three balls • three golden balls on a book

Saint Peter the Apostle Also known as • Cephas • First Pope • Keipha • Kepha • Pre-eminent Apostle • Prince of the Apostles • Shimon Bar-Yonah • Shimon Ben-Yonah • Simeon • Simon • Simon bar • Simon ben Jonah • Simon Peter Memorial • 29 June (feast of Peter and Paul) • 22 February (feast of the Chair of Peter, emblematic of the world unity of the Church) • 1 August ( in Chains)

26 Saints.SQPN.com • 18 November (feast of the dedication of the Basilicas of Peter and Paul) Profile Professional fisherman. Brother of Saint , the man who led him to Christ. Apostle. Renamed “Peter” (rock) by Jesus to indicate that Peter would be the rock-like foundation on which the Church would be built. Bishop. First Pope. Miracle worker.

Born • c.1 in Bethsaida as Simon Died • martyred c.64 in Rome, Italy • crucified head downward because he claimed he was not worthy to die in the same manner as Christ Name Meaning • rock Patronage • Affi, Italy • against feet problems • against fever • against foot problems • against frenzy • bakers • Bath Abbey • Belvedere Ostrense, Italy • Berchtesgaden Abbey • Berlin, Germany, archdiocse of • Birzebbuga, Malta • Bremen, Germany • bridge builders • butchers • Calbayog, Philippines, diocese of • Capolona, Italy • Capriata d’Orba, Italy

27 Saints for Bakers • Castelletto d’Orba, Piedmont, Italy • Chartres, France • Chatillon, Aosta, Italy • clock makers • Cluny, France • cobblers • Cologne, Germany • Corbie Abbey • Davao, Philippines, archdiocese of • Exeter College, Oxford, England • Dunajská Streda, Slovakia • fishermen • Gabiano, Italy • harvesters • Imér, Italy • Jackson, Mississippi, diocese of • Köpenick, Germany • Lanuvio, Italy • Las Vegas, Nevada, diocese of • Lessines, Belgium • Leuven, Belgium • locksmiths • London, England • longevity • Maralal, Kenya, diocese of • Marquette, Michigan, diocese of • masons • Mdina, Malta • Moissac, France • Montpellier, France • Morbegno, Italy • Nadur, Gozo, Malta • Naumburg, Germany • net makers • Obersmarsberg, Germany • papacy

28 Saints.SQPN.com • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, archdiocese of • popes • Poznan, Poland • Providence, Rhode Island, diocese of • Regensburg, Germany • Rome, Italy • Saint Petersburg, Russia • Scranton, Pennsylvania, diocese of • ship builders • shipwrights • shoemakers • Sint Pieters Rode, Belgium • stone masons • Tagliacozzo, Italy • Toa Baja, Puerto Rico • Umbria, Italy • Universal Church • watch makers • Worms, Germany Representation • Apostle holding a book • Apostle holding a scroll • bald man, often with a fringe of hair on the sides and a tuft on top • book • cock or rooster • keys of Heaven • keys • man crucified head downwards • man holding a key or keys • man robed as a pope and bearing keys and a double-barred cross • pallium • papal vestments • reversed cross

29 Saints for Bakers Readings Out of the whole world one man, Peter, is chosen to preside at the of all nations and to be set over all the apostles and all the fathers of the church. Though there are in God’s people many and many shepherds, Peter is thus appointed to rule in his own person those whom Christ also rules as the original ruler. Beloved, how great and wonderful is this sharing in his power that God in his goodness has given to this man. Whatever Christ has willed to be shared in common by Peter and the other leaders of the Church, it is only through Peter that he has given to others what he has not refused to bestow on them. Jesus said: "Upon this rock I will build my Church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it." On this strong foundation, he says, I will build an everlasting temple. The great height of my Church, which is to penetrate the heavens, shall rise on the firm foundation of this faith. Blessed Peter is therefore told: “To you I will give the keys of the kingdom of heaven. Whatever you bind on earth shall be bound also in heaven. Whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed also in heaven.” - from a sermon by Pope Saint Leo the Great

Saint Memorial • 3 May (Roman calendar) • 14 November (Greek calendar) Profile of Saint . Convert. One of the Twelve Apostle. Brought Saint Nathanael to Christ. Confidant of Jesus. Little is known about him, but scriptural episodes give the impression of a shy, naive, but practical individual. Preached in Greece and Asia Minor. .

30 Saints.SQPN.com Born • at Bethsaida, Palestine Died • martyred c.80 at Hierapolis, Phrygia Patronage • Frascati, Italy • hat makers • hatters • Luxembourg • milliners • Monterotondo, Italy • Nemi, Italy • pastry chefs • San Felipe Indian Pueblo • Uruguay • Venegono Inferiore, Italy Representation • elderly bearded man holding a basket of loaves and a cross which is often t-shaped • elderly man casting a devil from the idol of Mars • elderly man crucified on a tall cross • elderly man holding loaves and fishes • elderly man with a dragon nearby • elderly man with a loaf and book • elderly man with a snake nearby • loaves of bread • man baptizing the Ethiopian eunuch • man holding a book or scroll reading descendit ad inferna • tall cross • with Saint Andrew the Apostle

31 Saints for Bakers Saint William of Rochester Also known as • William of Perth Memorial • 23 May Profile William led a wild and misspent youth, but as an adult he had a complete conversion, devoting himself to God, caring especially for poor and neglected children. He worked as a baker, and gave every tenth loaf to the poor. He attended Mass daily, and one morning on his way to church he found an infant abandoned on the threshold. He named the baby , and adopted him, and taught him his trade.

Years later he and David set out on a pilgrimage to the Holy Lands. During a stopover in Rochester, England the boy David turned on William, clubbed him, cut his throat, robbed the body, and fled. Because he was on a holy journey, and because of the miraculous cures later reported at his tomb, he is considered a martyr.

A local insane woman found William's body, and plaited a garland of honeysuckle flowers for it; she placed the garland on William, and then on herself whereupon her madness was cured. Local monks, seeing this as a sign from God, interred William in the local cathedral and began work on his . His tomb and a chapel at his murder scene, called Palmersdene, soon became sites of pilgimage and donation, even by the crown. Remains of the chapel can be seen near the present Saint William's Hospital.

Born • 12th century at Perth, Scotland Died • throat cut in 1201 at Rochester, England • interred in the cathedral at Rochester • relics destroyed along with the cathedral in 1538

32 Saints.SQPN.com Canonized • 1256 by Pope Innocent IV • his cause had been pursued by Lawrence de San Martino, bishop of Rochester Patronage • adopted children

Patrons of Baking Topics • patrons of bakers • Albert of Bergamo • Elizabeth of Hungary • Erhard of Regensburg • Honorius of Amiens • Meingold • Michael the Archangel • Nicholas of Myra • Peter the Apostle • patrons of bakers of Communion hosts • Honorius of Amiens • patrons of cake makers • Honorius of Amiens • patrons of flour merchants • Honorius of Amiens • patrons of pastry chefs • Honorius of Amiens • Macarius the Younger • Philip the Apostle

Saints who Worked as Bakers • Andre Bessette • Clement Mary Hofbauer

33 Saints for Bakers • John Bosco • William of Rochester

Patron Saints in General A is one who has been chosen by long tradition, or by competent authority, as a special intercessor with God, and is honoured by clergy and people with a special form of religious observance. The term patron may be applied to many types of subjects, places or topics; the word titular is applied only to the patron of a church or institution.

The underlying doctrine of patrons is that of the communion of saints, or the bond of spiritual union existing between God's servants on earth, in heaven, or in purgatory. The saints are regarded as advocates and intercessors for those still making their earthly pilgrimage. Most Christians understand the concept of having a friend, a family member, or a fellow parishioner pray for them; intercession by patrons is simply prayer by a member of your spiritual family who is already closer to God.

Patrons of Trades and Professions The beliefs of a Christian in an age of Faith prompted him to place not only his churches under the protection of some illustrious servant of God, but the ordinary interests of life, his health, and family, trade, maladies, and perils, his death, his city and country. The whole social life of the Catholic world before the Reformation was animated with the idea of protection from the citizens of heaven. In England there were 40,000 religious corporations, including ecclesiastical bodies, monasteries, convents, military orders, industrial and professional guilds, and charitable institutions, each of which had its patron, its rites, funds, and methods of assistance.

Patrons were chosen on account of some real correspondence

34 Saints.SQPN.com between the patron and the object of patronage, their work in a particular place or field, by reason of some play on words, or as a matter of individual piety. Thus, while the great special patrons had their clients all over Christendom, other patrons might vary with different times and places.

Honouring the saints has sometimes been an occasion of abuse. Spells and incantations have been intruded in the place of trust and prayer, prayerful vigils have become drunken parties. Reverence has sometimes run to extravagance; and patrons chosen before there was sufficient proof of their heroic Christian virtues. But considering there's 2,000 years of history and an entire world of the faithful, the Christian honour paid to angels and saints has been singularly free from human excess and error.

Notes Cover image is a detail of a 16th century breviary illumination, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, Den Haag, Netherlands.

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