American Pharoah From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

American Pharoah (foaled February 2, 2012) is an American racehorse who won the American Triple Crown in 2015. He is bred and owned by of Zayat Stables, LLC, trained by American Pharoah and ridden in most of his races by . He is the first American Triple Crown winner since Affirmed in 1978 and only the twelfth in history. The American Triple Crown was won by American Pharoah in a wire-to-wire victory at the , following earlier victories at the Derby and the .

After running poorly in his track debut, he was undefeated thereafter. As a two-year-old, he won the Grade I and FrontRunner Stakes, each by several lengths. An injury kept him out of the Breeders' Cup Juvenile, but the strength of his two wins nonetheless resulted in him being voted American Champion Two-Year-Old Male at the 2014 Awards.

American Pharoah began his 2015 campaign with wins in the and and went on to both the 2015 and 2015 Preakness Stakes. Prior to the 2015 Belmont Stakes, Zayat announced that he had sold breeding rights to the to the Ashford Stud in Kentucky, a division of Ireland's . He retained control over the colt though, and his racing career which included an undisclosed dividend on stud fees. Zayat said he expected American Pharoah to retire from racing at the end of 2015.

Contents American Pharoah after winning the 2015 Preakness Stakes 1 Background Sire 1.1 Name 2 Racing career Grandsire 2.1 2014: two-year-old season Dam 2.2 2015: three-year-old season Damsire Yankee Gentleman 2.2.1 2.2.2 2015 Preakness Stakes Sex Colt 2.2.3 2015 Belmont Stakes Foaled February 2, 2012[1] 3 Future plans 4 Statistics Country United States 5 Pedigree Color Bay 6 Notes 7 References Breeder Ahmed Zayat Owner Ahmed Zayat Trainer Bob Baffert

Background Record 8: 7–0–0[2]

American Pharoah is a bay colt with a faint star on his forehead and no other white markings.[3] He was bred in Earnings US $4,530,300 Kentucky by his owner, Ahmed Zayat, CEO of Zayat Stables, LLC, and foaled at 11 p.m. on Groundhog Day, Major wins 2012, at Stockplace Farm near Winchester, Kentucky.[4] He has sometimes been described as a ,[5][6] rather than a colt, meaning that he had an undescended testicle. He is from the second crop of sired by Del Mar Futurity (2014) FrontRunner Stakes (2014) Zayat's Pioneerof the Nile, who finished second in the . The stallion's first crop Rebel Stakes (2015) included Stakes winner Prince and Social Inclusion, who finished third in the 2014 Preakness Arkansas Derby (2015) Stakes.[7] Triple Crown race wins: Kentucky Derby (2015) American Pharoah's dam, Littleprincessemma, raced but did not win either of her two starts in 2008.[8] Preakness Stakes (2015) [9][a] American Pharoah was her second , following allowance race winner Xixixi. Another full sibling to Belmont Stakes (2015) American Pharoah, a filly born in Zayat Stables in 2014, is as yet unnamed.[10] Littleprincessemma was Awards purchased by Zayat in 2007 for $250,000 and was sold—again in foal to Pioneerof the Nile—in November 12th U.S. Triple Crown Champion (2015) 2014 for $2.1 million.[11][12][13][b] American Champion Two-Year-Old Male Horse In August 2013, American Pharoah, then a , was consigned by the Taylor Made Sales Agency to the (2014) Fasig-Tipton sale and was officially bought for the posted minimum of $300,000 by Ingordo Bloodstock,[4][14] Wikimedia Commons has acting as an agent for Zayat, who in effect bought back his own horse.[5] Zayat had pledged that he would not sell the media related to American promising but untested colt for less than $1 million.[15][c] Zayat similarly bought back Pioneerof the Nile, American Pharoah. Pharoah's sire, for $290,000 in a 2007 yearling auction.[15] "We felt that he had brilliance in him," said Zayat, "his demeanor, his aura, his conformation, the way he moved.”[16] Following the auction, American Pharoah was sent into training with Hall of Fame inductee Bob Baffert in the spring of 2014.[17] American Pharoah is set apart from other race by his smooth and distinctively long stride. Baffert has stated, "I've never had a horse that moves or travels over the ground like he does."[18] The most unusual characteristic of American Pharoah during his two- and three-year-old seasons is his short tail. It was apparently chewed off by another horse. It is theorized that Mr. Z, a fellow competitor and Zayat-bred colt, may have been the culprit; the pair were kept together in Florida as younger horses. Trainer Baffert had a more colorful theory: "I think he was in the pasture one day and there was a mountain lion chasing him—that was the closest he could get...."[19]

Name

American Pharoah's name is inspired by that of his sire, Pioneerof the Nile, and his dam's sire, Yankee Gentleman.[20] The horse's name also acknowledges Zayat's own dual Egyptian-American background.[21] The misspelling of "Pharaoh" is permanent, but inadvertent. Zayat originally claimed that the spelling was the result of an error by The Club, but the organization's president stated, "The name request for the 2012 colt American Pharoah was submitted electronically on January 25, 2014, through The Jockey Club's interactive registration site. Since the name met all of the criteria for naming and was available, it was granted exactly as it was spelled on the digital name application." Zayat later retracted his statement.[22][d]

Zayat's wife, Joanne, offered another explanation for the name's origins to a local news reporter just before the Preakness. Zayat's son, Justin, ran a contest on social media in which fans could submit names for the horse. The winning entry had "Pharaoh" misspelled, she said. "Justin cut and pasted the name from [the winner's] email, and sent it to the Jockey Club."[23][24] Marsha Baumgartner of Barnett, Missouri, who submitted the winning entry, told The New York Times, "I don't want to assign ," but "I looked up the spelling before I entered." Nonetheless, Baumgartner minimized the controversy, stating, "Horses can't spell, anyway."[20][e]

Racing career

2014: two-year-old season

American Pharoah made his track debut in a maiden race over six and a half furlongs on the Polytrack surface at Del Mar Racetrack on August 9. Ridden by , he started as the 7–5 favorite against eight opponents. He became unsettled before the race and, after running in second place until the stretch, faded to finish fifth behind Om, Iron Fist, One Lucky Dane, and Calculator, more than nine lengths behind the winner.[25] He ran in a blinker hood, which appeared to unnerve him, as did the commotion in the saddling paddock. Baffert addressed his anxiety issues by removing the hood and stuffing cotton in the horse's ears for subsequent races.[26]

Despite his defeat, American Pharoah was moved up to Grade I class for the Del Mar Futurity over seven furlongs on September 4.[27] He was ridden by Victor Espinoza for the first time and started as the 3.2–1 second favorite behind Stakes winner Skyway, with Calculator and Iron Fist also in the field. American Pharoah took the lead from the start and went clear in the straight to win by four and Silks of Zayat Stables, [27] three quarter lengths from Calculator, with a gap of more than eight lengths back to Iron Fist in third. Commenting on the colt's owner of American improvement, Baffert said, "We took the blinkers off, put cotton in his ears and schooled him a lot. He trained well, we decided he was Pharoah ready and we put him in there. Today, he behaved himself and showed what he could do. He did what we thought he'd do the first time."[28]

On September 27, American Pharoah was made the 1–2 favorite for the Grade I FrontRunner Stakes over eight and a half furlongs at . As in his previous race, he was immediately sent to the front by Espinoza and stayed there, pulling away from his rivals in the straight to win by three and a quarter lengths over Calculator, with a length and a half away in third.[29] After the race, Espinoza said, "All the way he was on a high cruising speed. He has such a long stride. He moves really nice and is light on his feet." Baffert commented, "I can't believe his demeanor, how he has changed since his first out. He's so professional. He's really mentally there."[30]

American Pharoah was aimed at the Breeders' Cup Juvenile at Santa Anita on November 1 but was scratched from the race after sustaining a "deep bruise" to his left front foot in a workout on October 27.[31] Nonetheless, in the Eclipse Awards for 2014, American Pharoah was voted American Champion Two-Year-Old Male Horse, beating Breeders' Cup Juvenile winner Texas Red by 126 votes to 111.[5]

2015: three-year-old season

Five and a half months after his last start, American Pharoah began his second season in the Grade II Rebel Stakes on a sloppy track at Oaklawn Park on March 14. He carried top weight of 119 pounds and started as the 2–5 favorite against six opponents, headed by the -trained Madefromlucky. The colt led from the start and drew away in the closing stages to win by six and a quarter lengths. Espinoza called the winner "an amazing horse", while Baffert was satisfied with the run, especially as the colt returned with a twisted shoe which would have hampered his progress.[32] Four weeks later at the same track, American Pharoah started as the odds-on favorite against seven opponents in the Grade I Arkansas Derby. After racing in second place behind outsider Bridget's Big Luvy, he took the lead a quarter of a mile from the finish and steadily increased his advantage to win by eight lengths from winner Far Right. Baffert commented, "He's matured substantially. He's a good horse and he keeps moving forward. I don't want to get ahead of myself, but is another one who we don't yet know how good he is. We've got a one-two punch and that's a good position to be in."[f] After the race, Ron Moquett, the trainer of runner-up Far Right, described American Pharoah as "a superhorse".[33]

2015 Kentucky Derby On May 2, American Pharoah started as the 2.9–1 favorite in an eighteen-runner field for the 141st running of the Kentucky Derby at . His opponents included Dortmund, winner of the ; Carpe Diem, who won the Breeders' Futurity Stakes and ; , winner of the ; Wood Memorial winner ; winner Materiality; international entry Mubtaahij, who earned his way to Kentucky with a win in the UAE Derby; and Upstart, winner of the .[34] The crowd surrounding the horse during the walk-over from the barns to the paddock American Pharoah, and several grooms were required to keep him under control. He continued to misbehave until he was loaded into the starting gate; his connections and supporters worried that he was using up energy he needed for the race.[26]

Espinoza positioned the colt in third place early in the race as Dortmund took the lead, followed closely by Firing Line. The three remained ahead of the pack throughout the race,[35] and broke clear of their rivals entering the straight with American Pharoah making a forward move on the outside. The favorite took the lead entering the final furlong and won by a length from Firing Line and Dortmund in 2:03.02, with Frosted finishing strongly in fourth.[34] Espinoza, who won the race for the third time, said, "I feel like the luckiest Mexican on earth. He has been a special horse since the first time I rode him. He has a lot of talent and is an unbelievable horse. Turning for home I started riding a little bit harder. At the eighth pole I just couldn't put that other horse away, but he got it done."[36] Espinoza's performance attracted some scrutiny as he appeared to have struck the winner 32 times with his whip during the race.[37] In post-race analysis, one of the stewards at Churchill Downs said, "we watched [the race replay] many, many times prior to making it official, and that wasn't anything that got our attention." Baffert said, "He was hitting him on the saddle towel. He doesn't hit that hard." The rider of second-place Firing Line commented that he had used his whip heavily as well, stating that the race was, "as tough a race as I've been in in 20 years the last eighth of a mile."[38] The Blood-Horse writer Steve Haskin, while condemning whip overuse in general, offered analysis that Espinoza "did a lot of waving with the whip" and may not have actually hit the horse as many times as it seemed.[39] Reflecting on the race, Baffert said that the colt did not bring his "super A-game" to the Derby and that it was the first time American Pharoah had really been tested by other aggressive horses.[40]

2015 Preakness Stakes

Two weeks after winning the Kentucky Derby, American Pharoah entered the second leg of the Triple Crown, the 2015 Preakness Stakes, run over nine and a half furlongs at . Despite an unfavorable inside draw of the number one post position, he was installed as the morning line favorite ahead of Firing Line and Dortmund.[41] No horse had won the Preakness starting from the rail since 1994.[42] Immediately prior to post time, the weather changed to a heavy downpour with thunder.[43] The last time the Preakness had been run on a sloppy track was in 1983,[44] and American Pharoah was the only horse in the field to have previously faced similar conditions, having won the Rebel Stakes running in rain and mud.[45] American Pharoah led throughout the 2015 Preakness, which was run on a very sloppy track. American Pharoah had the lead within the first quarter-mile and was challenged by Mr. Z early on, but held the lead on the inside throughout the race. He was challenged by Dortmund and then Divining Rod, but American Pharoah broke from the pack in the homestretch and won by seven lengths, as Tale of Verve made a strong rally to overtake Divining Rod to place. Firing Line slipped badly at the start and was eased in the stretch. The winning time was 1:58.45.[46] Espinoza did not use his whip at all in the Preakness,[47] and stated, "I couldn't see how far I was in front because there was so much water in my eyes."[48] The margin of victory was tied for the sixth-largest in Preakness history.[42] The win by American Pharoah set up an attempt for the Triple Crown for the second straight year.[43] It was also the second straight year that Espinoza had won both the Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes and the jockey's third time winning both races.[49][g] For trainer Baffert, it was the fourth time in 19 years that he won the first two Triple Crown races. Of the colt, Baffert said, "He brought his A-game today."[47]

2015 Belmont Stakes

In the week following the Preakness, the Leverage Agency was named as the marketing, sponsorship and licensing agents for the horse. They had performed similar duties for the 2014 Derby and Preakness winner, .[50] The agency secured a deal with Monster Energy, for an undisclosed sum, rumored to be the largest single-horse advertising sponsorship to date. The deal allows the "Monster Girls" to be around the horse, and the product's logo to be used on the horse's horse sheets, on Espinoza's shirt collar, as well as on caps and other gear worn by people around the horse. "The energy and excitement that American Pharoah has generated around the world syncs perfectly with the brand."[51]

Baffert created some controversy prior to the Belmont by choosing to work the horse at Churchill Downs and ship late to without a timed workout at the New York track. While several prominent trainers questioned his decision, Baffert believed that it was more important to keep American Pharoah "happy" on a track he liked, having used a similar strategy with his 2001 Belmont Stakes winner, . Rival trainers Kiaran McLaughlin and D. Wayne Lukas backed Baffert's strategy, with McLaughlin commenting, "I don't think it matters for American Pharoah. He could probably run down a street over broken glass."[18] Appearing unperturbed but curious about a small crowd of well-wishers, American Pharoah arrived at Long Island MacArthur Airport on June 2, having traveled from Louisville, Kentucky on a customized Boeing 727 dubbed "Air Horse One".[52][53]

American Pharoah's connections drew the number five post position for the Belmont on June 3. Pundits immediately noted it was the same slot from which had won the 1977 Belmont and the Triple Crown, and that 14 other Belmont winners had started from the position.[54] American Pharoah was the 3– 5 morning line favorite in an eight-horse field that included Tale of Verve, as well as five rivals from the Kentucky Derby who had skipped the Preakness, and one horse, Madefromlucky, who had not run either of the previous Triple Crown races, but, like the year prior, had instead won the at Belmont Park.[55] American Pharoah had previously defeated every horse entered, but he was also the only horse to contest all three legs of the Triple Crown and had run four races in the preceding eight weeks.[56] American Pharoah won the Belmont Stakes on June 6, becoming the 12th Triple Crown winner and the first since 1978, ending a "drought" of 37 years.[57][h] The horse was leaning back in the starting gate when it opened and was a touch late at the start,[58] but he soon pulled out to an early lead, which he maintained for a gate-to-wire win. He steadily increased his lead throughout the race. He was challenged by Materiality until the top of the stretch when Materality faded, ultimately finishing last, and Frosted pulled into second. ran in the middle of the pack until a late rally brought him into third over Mubtaahij, who was 1 1 [59] fourth. American Pharoah crossed the finish line leading by 5 ⁄2 lengths, with a winning time of 2:26:65 for the 1 ⁄2-mile (2,400 m) race. His margin of victory was the fourth-largest ever.[57] Of the Triple Crown victory, Baffert said, "this little horse deserves it. There’s something about this horse that he just brought it every time. He’s a joy to be around.”[60]

In a post-race interview, Zayat said that the colt's racing schedule for the remainder of the year would be decided by Baffert, and that the needs of the horse would come first. He also acknowledged the need for to have "our stars" and for them to race as long as they could. Though American Pharoah's stud rights had been sold with plans to retire the horse at the end of 2015, Zayat expressed hope that the horse would continue racing as long as he was healthy and "has it in him."[61]

Future plans

On May 20, The New York Times reported that Zayat had sold breeding rights to the colt to the Ashford Stud, a division of Ireland's Coolmore Stud, but retained control over the colt and his racing career.[62] Before the announcement, offers for American Pharoah's breeding rights reportedly exceeded $20 million.[63] After the Belmont, Forbes magazine reported that Zayat had actually sold the breeding rights to Ashford in late 2014, long before he began his Triple Crown run, and that Zayat retained 100% of the racing rights. Forbes went on to estimate that if American Pharoah stood for a $100,000 stud fee, he could be $50 million. More conservative estimates placed his potential stud fee at $75,000 and his potential value at about $25 to $36 million.[60] The Times reported breeding rights had been sold for $13.8 million: $9.8 million with an additional $4 million incentive if American Pharoah won the Belmont Stakes.[64] Zayat retained an undisclosed percentage in the colt's breeding career,[65] and said he expected American Pharoah to retire from racing at the end of 2015.[66]

Statistics

Date Age Distance * Race Grade Track Odds Time Field Finish Margin Jockey Trainer Owner Ref Maiden Martin Bob Zayat Aug 9, 2014 2 61⁄ furlongs Special Maiden Del Mar 1.40 NA 10 5 NA [67] 2 Garcia Baffert Stables Weight Del Mar 3 Victor Bob Zayat Sep 8, 2014 2 7 furlongs I Del Mar 3.20 1:21.48 9 1 4 ⁄4 [68] Futurity lengths Espinoza Baffert Stables FrontRunner Santa 31⁄ Victor Bob Zayat Sep 27, 2014 2 81⁄ furlongs I 0.50 1:41.95 10 1 4 [69] 2 Stakes Anita lengths Espinoza Baffert Stables Rebel 61⁄ Victor Bob Zayat Mar 14, 2015 3 81⁄ furlongs II Oaklawn 0.40 1:45.78 7 1 4 [70] 2 Stakes lengths Espinoza Baffert Stables Arkansas Victor Bob Zayat Apr 11, 2015 3 9 furlongs I Oaklawn 0.10 1:48.52 8 1 8 lengths [71] Derby Espinoza Baffert Stables Kentucky Churchill Victor Bob Zayat May 2, 2015 3 10 furlongs I 2.90 2:03.02 18 1 1 length [72] Derby Downs Espinoza Baffert Stables Preakness Victor Bob Zayat May 16, 2015 3 91⁄ furlongs I Pimlico 0.90 1:58.46 8 1 7 lengths [46] 2 Stakes Espinoza Baffert Stables Belmont Belmont 1 Victor Bob Zayat Jun 6, 2015 3 12 furlongs I 0.75 2:26.65 8 1 5 ⁄2 [59] Stakes Park lengths Espinoza Baffert Stables

* Conversion of race distances furlongs miles meters 1 13 6 ⁄2 ⁄16 1,308 7 7 ⁄8 1,408 8 1 1,609 1 1 8 ⁄2 1 ⁄16 1,710 1 9 1 ⁄8 1,811 1 3 9 ⁄2 1 ⁄16 1,911 1 10 1 ⁄4 2,012 1 12 1 ⁄2 2,414 Pedigree

American Pharoah's pedigree includes horses adept at classic race distances on his sire's side and endowed with speed on his dam's side.[73] Sire Pioneerof the 1 Nile won the Santa Anita Derby and ran second in the 2009 Kentucky Derby, with all of his wins at distances of 1 ⁄16 miles or more. Prior to American Pharoah, Pioneerof the Nile had sired five other winners of stakes races of a mile or more in his relatively new career as a stallion.[73] Trainer Bob Baffert observed that Pioneerof the Nile also raced with "a big, long stride" and had "that same springing motion as American Pharoah, whose acceleration is pretty remarkable." He also praised Pioneerof the Nile's dam, Star of Goshen: "She was a freaky filly, really, really fast."[74] To Baffert, American Pharoah's bloodline is a source of fascination: "Every time I work him, I go back and look at the pedigree, and I go, What is going on here?"[74]

Through Pioneerof the Nile, American Pharoah is a grandson of , who won the 1990 Kentucky Derby and the Breeders' Cup Classic.[73] He carries lines to Grade I champions and , and to the top-rated European two- and three-year-old colt of 1983 and 1984, . He is also descended from , ,[i] and Mr. Prospector—whose descendants have won 43 Triple Crown races[63][j]—all through Empire Maker, Pioneerof the Nile's sire, who won the 2003 Belmont Stakes.[75][76] Ultimately, via Unbridled and his ancestors, American Pharoah's sire line traces to the Darley Arabian.[77]

Although Littleprincessemma, American Pharoah's dam, is the half-sister to graded stakes winner Storm Wolf,[73] and to Misty Rosette, winner of the Old Hat Stakes in 2006,[78] her own undistinguished racing career,[8] combined with the modest record of her sire, Yankee Gentleman,[79][k] dampened initial public expectations for her second-born foal.[15] Yet American Pharoah's maternal bloodline includes , a Grade I winner retired early due to injury,[80] Northern Dancer, a Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes winner,[l] and , a celebrated broodmare, through whom he is a fifth-generation descendant of .[81][82] He is also descended through his dam from , a Grade I champion who was 1978 California Horse of the Year, and (sire of Affirmed and ). Through both sire and dam, American Pharoah is a fifth- and sixth-generation descendant of Ruler,[m] as well as a sixth- and seventh-generation descendant of , one of the top of the last century.[n] His tail-female line traces back to The Oldfield , foaled circa 1695.[83]

Figuring prominently and repeatedly in American Pharoah's deep lineage is an earlier generation of champions, including ,[o] ,[p] ,[q] ,[r] [s] and Man o' War.[t]

Pedigree of American Pharoah, bay colt, 2012[1] Fappiano Unbridled Empire Maker (USA) Gana Facil 2000 El Gran Senor Toussaud Sire Image of Reality Pioneerof the Nile (USA) General 2006 Lord At War Star of Goshen (USA) Luna de Miel 1994 Key to the Kingdom Castle Eight Her Native Storm Cat Yankee Gentleman (USA) Terlingua 1999 Flying Paster Key Phrase Dam Sown Littleprincessemma (USA) Exclusive Native 2006 Ecliptical Exclusive Rosette (USA) Minnetonka 1993 Tri Jet Zetta Jet Queen Zetta (Family:14)[u]

Notes

a. Xixixi was sired by Maimonides.[9] b. On February 13, 2015 at Summer Wind Farm, Littleprincessemma foaled American Pharoah's full-blooded younger brother, who was named Irish Pharaoh.[15][84] c. "I know we had a lot of live money over $200,000, that was the pulse I got," said Mark Taylor of Taylor Made Sales Agency, describing the unsuccessful 2013 auction of American Pharoah. "It's easy to look back in retrospect and say why didn't [people pay more], but you've got to remember that Pioneerof the Nile didn't stand for a ton of money and he hadn't had a lot of runners yet [. . .] and people weren't going to go crazy about something that was unproven. As it turned out, he ended up not hitting his reserve, not because people didn't love him, but because Mr. Zayat fell in love with him more than everybody else did." In 2013, Pioneerof the Nile's stud fee was $20,000. It has since tripled to $60,000.[15] d. The variant spelling is not without precedent. Equineline.com lists five registered Thoroughbreds named "Pharoah" since 1947, in contrast to 11 named "Pharaoh" or "The Pharaoh" since 1908.[85][86] e. Due to the winning record of American Pharoah, The Jockey Club has now reserved both spellings so another horse cannot be similarly named.[20] f. Dortmund is also trained by Bob Baffert.[33] g. Espinoza also won the Derby and Preakness in 2002 on .[87] h. The win was the fourth attempt at a Triple Crown for trainer Bob Baffert, who at age 62 was the second-oldest trainer to win a Triple Crown,[57] and the third attempt for jockey Victor Espinoza, who was the first Latino jockey to win the Triple Crown, and, at age 43, the oldest[58] i. Sired by Tom Fool, Buckpasser, the 1966 U.S. Horse of the Year, was the damsire of El Gran Senor.[88] j. Fappiano's sire, Mr. Prospector, was by —whose descendants have won 21 Kentucky Derbys—who was in turn sired by Native Dancer. Thus American Pharoah traces his unbroken male lineage through seven generations to Native Dancer, whose only career loss in 22 starts was the 1953 Kentucky Derby.[1][89] k. Yankee Gentleman had lifetime earnings of $202,547 with four wins in ten starts, placing no better than fourth in Graded stakes races.[79] Littleprincessema's lifetime earnings were $172.[8] l. Storm Cat's sire was Storm Bird, in turn sired by Northern Dancer, who accounts for American Pharoah's only inbreeding within five generations, as Northern Dancer was also the sire of El Gran Senor.[88][90] Northern Dancer, the first Canadian horse to win the Kentucky Derby, was named "one of the most influential sires in Thoroughbred history" by the National Association.[91] American Pharoah is also 6 × 5 inbred to Raise a Native through Fappiano and Exclusive Native.[89][92] m. American Pharoah is descended maternally from through Terlingua and Minnetonka, and paternally through Key to the Kingdom. In addition to winning the 1957 Preakness Stakes, Bold Ruler was the sire of Secretariat.[82][93][94] n. American Pharoah is descended maternally from Tom Fool through Tri Jet and paternally through El Gran Senor.[88][95] o. American Pharoah carries the bloodline of Nasrullah paternally through Fappiano and Image of Reality, and maternally through Terlingua, Flying Paster, Sown, and Minnetonka.[89][82][93][96][97][98] p. Native Dancer appears in the bloodlines of Fappiano, Flying Paster, and Exclusive Native.[89][92][97] q. Nearco, an Italian-born Thoroughbred who retired undefeated after 14 races, was the sire of Nasrullah and grandsire of Northern Dancer, thus appearing eight times in American Pharoah's extended bloodline.[82][88][89][90][93][94][97][98] r. Princequillo appears in American Pharoah's paternal bloodline through Key to the Kingdom and Fappiano, and maternally through Minnetonka.[89][93][94] s. War Admiral, sired by Man o' War and winner of the 1937 U.S. Triple Crown, figures in American Pharoah's paternal bloodline through Gana Facil, El Gran Senor, Image of Reality (through his dam Edee's Image), and Key to the Kingdom, and maternally through Sown.[88][94][96][98][99][100] t. Man o' War, ranked number 1 in The Blood-Horse's List of the Top 100 U.S. Racehorses of the 20th Century, appears at least 17 times in American Pharoah's deep bloodline, through Gana Facil (three times, including twice by ), El Gran Senor (three times), Image of Reality (twice), Key to the Kingdom (twice), Her Native, Terlingua (through her dam Crimson Saint), Flying Paster (through his dam Procne), Sown (through her sire Grenfall), Exclusive Native, Minnetonka, and Tri Jet (through his sire Jester).[82][88][92][93][94][95][96][97][99][101][102][103][104][105] u. Queen Zetta's fifth generation maternal grandam was Refugee III (foaled 1916);[106] Refugee III's dam is recorded in the 1921 General Stud Book as Aliena (foaled 1903), out of Lady Wrangler.[107] Aliena and Lady Wrangler are both members of Family 14, tracing their tail-female line back to The Oldfield Mare (circa 1695).[83]

References

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Categories: 2012 racehorse births American Grade 1 Stakes winners American racehorses winners Kentucky Derby winners Northern Dancer bloodline Preakness Stakes winners Racehorses bred in Kentucky Racehorses trained in the United States Thoroughbred family 14 Thoroughbred racehorses Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing winners

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