DOCSLIB.ORG

53395-001: Water Supply and Sanitation Investment Project

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
53395-001: Water Supply and Sanitation Investment Project Initial Environmental Examination March 2021 Timor-Leste: Water Supply and Sanitation Investment Project - Lospalos City Subproject Prepared by the Directorate General for Water and Sanitation, Ministry of Public Works for the Asian Development Bank. (page left Intentionally blank) i ABBREVIATIONS WSSIP - Water Supply and Sanitation Investment Project ACMs - Asbestos Containing Materials ADB - Asian Development Bank DED - Detailed Engineering Design DGAS - Directorate General for Water and Sanitation DNAP - National Directorate for Protected Areas DNCP - National Directorate for Pollution Control DNSA - National Directorate for Water Services EARF - Environmental Assessment and Review Framework EHS - Environment, Health and Safety EIA - Environmental Impact Assessment EIS - Environmental Impact Statement EMP - Environmental Management Plan EMR - Environmental Monitoring Report ESS - Environmental Safeguard Specialist ESA - Environmental Safeguard Assistant FSTP - Faecal Sludge Treatment Plant GRM - Grievance Redress Mechanism IEE - Initial Environmental Examination IFC - International Finance Corporation MPW - Ministry of Public Works PA - Protected Area PD - Project Document PDC - Project Design Consultant PSC - Project Supervision Consultant PMU - Project Management Unit SEA - Superior Environmental Authority SEIS - Simplified Environmental Impact Statement CEMP - Site-specific Construction EMP SMASA - Municipal Water, Sanitation and Environment Services SPS - Safeguard Policy Statement TOR - Terms of Reference WDZ - Water Distribution Zone WTP - Water Treatment Plant WHO - World Health Organization WSS - Water Supply and Sanitation ii WEIGHTS AND MEASURES $ - United States Dollars oC - Celsius/centigrade amsl - above mean sea level dBA - decibel audible ha - hectare/s km - kilometre/s km2 - square kilometre/s lps - litres per second m - meter/s m3 - cubic meter/s mg/l - milligram/s per litre mm - millimetre/s µg/m3 - microgram/s per cubic meter NOTES In this report, “$” refers to United States dollars and “SMASA” refers to SMASA-Lospalos unless otherwise stated. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................. 1 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 4 1.1. BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................... 4 1.2. THE WSSIP AND LOSPALOS CITY ...................................................................................... 4 1.3. PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF THE INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION ................................. 5 1.4. DETAILS OF PROPONENT AND CONSULTANT THAT PREPARED THE REPORT .......................... 7 2. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ................................................. 8 2.1. THE ADB ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESS ................................................................................ 8 2.2. GOVERNMENT ENVIRONMENTAL RULES AND REGULATIONS ............................ 11 3. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT .................................................................................... 18 3.1. EXISTING CONDITION AND NEED FOR THE PROJECT ........................................................... 18 3.2. OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT ............................................................................................ 19 4. ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS .............................................................................................. 40 4.1. ‘WITHOUT-PROJECT’ OR ‘DO-NOTHING’ ALTERNATIVE'. ...................................................... 40 4.2. DESIGN ALTERNATIVE. .................................................................................................... 40 4.3. FAECAL SLUDGE TREATMENT PLANT (FSTP) LOCATION ALTERNATIVE .............................. 40 5. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................... 43 5.1. PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................................. 43 5.2. BIOLOGICAL PROFILE ...................................................................................................... 46 5.3. SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT............................................................. 52 5.4. SITE-SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL FEATURES ...................................................... 56 6. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES .............. 67 6.1. OVERVIEW OF IMPACTS ................................................................................................... 67 6.2. IMPACT ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................ 67 7. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION ..................... 92 7.1. CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION UNDER THE IEE PROCESS ......................................... 92 7.2. CONSULTATION IN UPCOMING PROJECT PHASES ............................................................... 94 7.3. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE .............................................................................................. 95 8. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM .............................................................................. 96 8.1. GRIEVANCE PROCEDURE ................................................................................................. 96 9. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ........................................................................ 98 10. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................ 100 APPENDIXES ........................................................................................................................... 101 APPENDIX 1. RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT CHECKLIST AND PRELIMINARY CLIMATE RISK SCREENING CHECKLIST ............................................................................................................ 102 APPENDIX 2. SAMPLE GRIEVANCE REDRESS FORM .................................................................. 116 APPENDIX 3. MAPS FOR WSSIP – LOSPALOS CITY .................................................................. 117 APPENDIX 4. WATER QUALITY TEST REPORT (JICA & MASTERPLAN) ....................................... 121 APPENDIX 5. LOSPALOS PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETING NOTES (5TH OCTOBER 2020)............ 142 APPENDIX 6. SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE PUBLIC CONSULTATION FOR LOSPALOS CITY ... 145 APPENDIX 7. ATTENDANCE SHEET OF THE STAKEHOLDERS DURING PUBLIC CONSULTATION ...... 148 APPENDIX 8. SPOIL MANAGEMENT PLAN ................................................................................. 156 APPENDIX 9. MEETING NOTES – NATIONAL DEPARTMENT OF CULTURAL PATRIMONY, SECRETARY OF STATE FOR ART AND CULTURE (SEAC) ON THE 7TH & 22ND SEPTEMBER 2020 ........................ 158 APPENDIX 10. ATTENDANCE SHEET – SEAC ......................................................................... 160 iv APPENDIX 11. ENVIRONMENTAL LICENSES FROM THE DISTRICT CAPITALS WATER SUPPLY PROJECT IN PANTE MACASSAR AND MANATUTO CITIES .............................................................. 163 APPENDIX 12. APPLICABLE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY STANDARDS ........................................ 172 APPENDIX 13. LOSPALOS – PROPOSED WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM – GENERAL PLAN ................ 176 APPENDIX 14. COVID-19 PROTECTION AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...................................... 178 APPENDIX 15. LOSPALOS SOCIAL PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS LIST OF PARTICIPANTS (SUCO HOME AND FUILORO)……………………...…………………………………………………………………180 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 EIA and IEE process under DL5/2011 – Steps and Timing .......................................... 13 Figure 2 Lospalos Water Sources ............................................................................................... 20 Figure 3 Lospalos City - Project Scope and Components .......................................................... 21 Figure 4 Flow Diagram for Lospalos proposed Water Distribution System (source: AdP- TL/Engidro, 2020) ........................................................................................................................ 23 Figure 5 Example of Distribution areas and existing installation ................................................. 24 Figure 6 New Boreholes and pump testing ................................................................................. 28 Figure 7 Lospalos Water Sources Scenario (North System) ...................................................... 30 Figure 8 Lospalos Water Sources Scenario II (South System) ................................................... 30 Figure 9 Laying of Transmission and Distribution Lines Along a Road. Typical Cross Sections 31 Figure 10 Typical Double Trench Transmission Mains Service .................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Thematic Assessment Report the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (Uncbd)
    THEMATIC ASSESSMENT REPORT THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY (UNCBD) NATIONAL CAPACITY SELF ASSESSMENT (NCSA) PROJECT TIMOR LESTE Prepared by, Gerson Alves National Consultant Thematic Working Group (TWG) Dili, January 2007 i TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS......................................................................................................I LIST OF TABLE.................................................................................................................II LIST OF ACRONYMS.......................................................................................................III EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................. IV SECTION I: INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................1 1.1. Background................................................................................................................................................................1 1.1.1 National Obligation under the Convention..........................................................................................................1 1.1.2. Context of the Convention..................................................................................................................................1 1.2. Purpose and Scope ....................................................................................................................................................2 1.3. Methodological
    [Show full text]
  • The Herpetofauna of Timor-Leste: a First Report 19 Doi: 10.3897/Zookeys.109.1439 Research Article Launched to Accelerate Biodiversity Research
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 109: 19–86 (2011) The herpetofauna of Timor-Leste: a first report 19 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.109.1439 RESEARCH ARTICLE www.zookeys.org Launched to accelerate biodiversity research The herpetofauna of Timor-Leste: a first report Hinrich Kaiser1, Venancio Lopes Carvalho2, Jester Ceballos1, Paul Freed3, Scott Heacox1, Barbara Lester3, Stephen J. Richards4, Colin R. Trainor5, Caitlin Sanchez1, Mark O’Shea6 1 Department of Biology, Victor Valley College, 18422 Bear Valley Road, Victorville, California 92395, USA; and The Foundation for Post-Conflict Development, 245 Park Avenue, 24th Floor, New York, New York 10167, USA 2 Universidade National Timor-Lorosa’e, Faculdade de Ciencias da Educaçao, Departamentu da Biologia, Avenida Cidade de Lisboa, Liceu Dr. Francisco Machado, Dili, Timor-Leste 3 14149 S. Butte Creek Road, Scotts Mills, Oregon 97375, USA 4 Conservation International, PO Box 1024, Atherton, Queensland 4883, Australia; and Herpetology Department, South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia 5 School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory 0909, Australia 6 West Midland Safari Park, Bewdley, Worcestershire DY12 1LF, United Kingdom; and Australian Venom Research Unit, Department of Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Vic- toria 3010, Australia Corresponding author: Hinrich Kaiser ([email protected]) Academic editor: Franco Andreone | Received 4 November 2010 | Accepted 8 April 2011 | Published 20 June 2011 Citation: Kaiser H, Carvalho VL, Ceballos J, Freed P, Heacox S, Lester B, Richards SJ, Trainor CR, Sanchez C, O’Shea M (2011) The herpetofauna of Timor-Leste: a first report. ZooKeys 109: 19–86.
    [Show full text]
  • Report of Findings on the Proposed Iralalaro Hydro-Electric Power Scheme, Timor-Leste
    REPORT OF FINDINGS ON THE PROPOSED IRALALARO HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER SCHEME, TIMOR-LESTE A report to the Haburas Foundation and the Australian Conservation Foundation by Susan White Nicholas White Greg Middleton January 2006 Mainina sinkhole, where the Irasiquero river disappears into the karst REPORT OF FINDINGS ON THE PROPOSED IRALALARO HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER SCHEME, TIMOR-LESTE A report to the Haburas Foundation and the Australian Conservation Foundation Susan White B.A., B.Sc., M.Sc, Dip.Ed. (U. Melb), PhD (Latrobe U.)* Nicholas White B.Sc. (U. Melb), M.A. (Monash U.)* Greg Middleton B.Sc. (U. Sydney), Grad.Dip.Env.Stud. (U. Tas.) ** January 2006 * 123 Manningham Street, Parkville, Vic. 3052 Australia ** PO Box 269, Sandy Bay, Tas. 7006 Australia Report of findings on the proposed Iralalaro hydro-electric power scheme, Timor-Leste A report to the Haburas Foundation and the Australian Conservation Foundation © Susan White, Nicholas White and Greg Middleton 2006 Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study, research, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part of this report may be reproduced by any process without written permission. The copyright holders grant unconditional permission to the Haburas Foundation and the Australian Conservation Foundation to reproduce and otherwise use any part of this report. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors acknowledge with thanks the assistance provided to them by the Australian Conservation Foundation and the Haburas Foundation in the preparation of this report. We also thank the many people who provided information and assisted us during a visit to the Iralalaro area in 2005.
    [Show full text]
  • Examplesfrom East Timor and the Aru Islands, Maluku
    Continuity in Tropical Cave Use: Examples from East Timor and the Aru Islands, Maluku PETER VETH, MATTHEW SPRIGGS, AND SUE O'CONNOR IN THIS PAPER WE EXAMINE the evidence for long-term cave use from the Aru Islands located in Maluku province of eastern Indonesia and from East Timor. Both study areas are located within the low-latitude tropical zone north of Aus­ tralia and represent likely early stepping-stones for anatomically modern humans colonizing the continent of Sahul (Fig. 1). Excavations by the authors between 2000 and 2002 in East Timor at the cave sites of Lene Hara, Matja Kuru 1 and 2, and Telupunu, and in the Aru Islands at the cave sites of Liang Lemdubu and Nabulei Lisa in 1996 and 1997, have provided rich occupation sequences span­ ning the last 30,000 years (O'Connor et al. 2002a, 2002b; Spriggs et al. 1998, 2003; Veth et al. 1998a, 1998b). All of these caves are now located within sec­ ondary growth forest, but we know from detailed faunal analysis of the Aru sites and from general climatic data that the boundaries and nature of these forests and the distance of some sites from the sea have changed significantly through time (cf O'Connor et al. 2002a: 302). Despite this, we suggest that these caves dem­ onstrate a continuity of use through time. Reviews of cave archaeology in tropi­ cal Southeast Asia often stress the homogeneity, protein paucity, and impenetra­ ble nature of rainforests, conveying a sense of the caves' centrality and isolation from other habitation sites in the landscape (Bailey et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Herpetological Diversity of Timor-Leste: Updates and a Review of Species Distributions
    Asian Herpetological Research 2015, 6(2): 73–131 ORIGINAL ARTICLE DOI: 10.16373/j.cnki.ahr.140066 Herpetological Diversity of Timor-Leste: Updates and a Review of Species Distributions Mark O’SHEA1, Caitlin SANCHEZ2, Andrew KATHRINER3, Sven MECKE4, Venancio LOPES CARVALHO5, Agivedo VARELA RIBEIRO5, Zito AFRANIO SOARES5, Luis LEMOS DE ARAUJO5 and Hinrich KAISER2, 6* 1 Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wulfruna Street, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, United Kingdom; and West Midland Safari Park, Bewdley, Worcestershire DY12 LF, United Kingdom 2 Department of Biology, Victor Valley College, 18422 Bear Valley Road, Victorville, California 92395, USA 3 Department of Biology, Villanova University, 800 East Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, USA; present address: Department of Herpetology, Bronx Zoo, 2300 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, New York 10460, USA 4 Department of Animal Evolution and Systematics, Faculty of Biology, Philipps Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch- Straße 8, 35032 Marburg, Germany 5 Universidade National Timor-Lorosa’e, Faculdade de Ciencias da Educaçao, Departamentu da Biologia, Avenida Cidade de Lisboa, Liceu Dr. Francisco Machado, Dili, Timor-Leste 6 Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20013, USA Abstract We report the results of five herpetological surveys during 2011–2013 that included visits to all districts of Timor-Leste (Aileu, Ainaro, Baucau, Bobonaro, Dili, Covalima, Ermera, Lautém, Liquiça, Manatuto, Manufahi, Viqueque) except the Oecusse exclave. Our fieldwork culminated in the discovery of one putative new frog species (genus Kaloula), at least five putative new lizard species (genera Cyrtodactylus, Cryptoblepharus, and Sphenomorphus), and two putative new snake species (genera Stegonotus and Indotyphlops).
    [Show full text]
  • Preservation of Endangered Forms of Fataluku Cultural Heritage
    Photo: Community members in Suku Rasa, Aldeia Mau-lo’o, sub-district Lospalos, celebrate the inauguration of an Uma Lulik, (traditional house) with a oron tafa (rice pounding) ceremony. Photographer Ildefonso Da Silva Preservation of Endangered Forms of Fataluku Cultural Heritage US Ambassador’s Fund for Cultural Preservation 2012 US Embassy, Dili, Timor-Leste Grant Number: S-TT100-12-GR-026 Final report provided by Many Hands International www.manyhands.org.au December 2015 1 Project partners The project was initiated by Australian based NGO Many Hands International (MHI) and undertaken in partnership with the State Secretariat of Tourism, Art and Culture (Government of Timor-Leste) and supported by the Lautem Municipality; Department of Education, Lautem District and community organisation, the Council for Fataluku Culture. UNESCO Jakarta contributed technical advice and training for staff in the management and recording of ICH (Intangible Cultural Heritage). Research team The research team comprised four Lospalos locals who were all native Fataluku speakers. The lead researcher Justino Valentim, recognized as a national hero of the resistance and cultural leader of Lospalos, had been involved in researching and recording Fataluku culture and advocating for its preservation since Timor’s independence in 1999. He was the founder of the Council for Fataluku Culture and was instrumental in the development of Fataluku as a written language in collaboration with UNESCO and the University of Melbourne. Other team members Rico Caetano, Ildefonso da Silva and Maria Madalena dos Santos brought a range of skills in camera use, video editing, photography and communication. The research team were advised by MHI’s Directors, Australian cultural anthropologist Holly Schauble, researcher Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Hydro-Electric Power Proposal for the Iralalaro-Paitchau Karst, Timor-Leste
    HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER PROPOSAL FOR THE IRALALARO-PAITCHAU KARST, TIMOR-LESTE – Greg Middleton, Susan White and Nicholas White Fig. 1. The Iralalaro hydro-electric scheme would be located in a large karst area near the eastern tip of Timor-Leste. The government of Timor-Leste (East Timor) is From the start, the scheme appears to have been considering constructing a hydro-electric power developed on inadequate information and with no scheme in the far east of the island (Fig. 1) which comprehension of the consequences involved in would have a major impact on a significant karst such development on karst. Thirty years later the area. situation has not significantly improved. Alerted by Senator Bob Brown and supported by The original 1975 proposal for a hydro scheme by the Australian Conservation Foundation and the Japanese consultants envisaged the building of a local Haburas Foundation, Australian cavers dam on the Irasiquero River to raise the level of Susan and Nicholas White and Greg Middleton Iralalaro Lake by about 3.7 m to generate 400 travelled to the site in August 2005 to investigate GWh annually. Water from the dam would flow the proposed scheme and its possible impacts on through a short power tunnel to an underground the region. This article is based on their report. powerstation with one large turbine and a tailrace discharging the water to the sea. About this DEVELOPMENT OF THE HYDRO-ELECTRIC scheme ELC-Electroconsult et al. (1989, p. 3-2) PROPOSAL commented: The scheme would involve the diversion of the No site investigations, topographical, geological entire flow of the Irasiquero river, the only surface or hydrological, are mentioned in the report, to outlet from Iralalaro, the country’s largest support the preliminary design developed; in lake/wetland area, away from its sinkhole at particular, there is no mention about the karstic Mainina into a tunnel drilled under the Paitchau limestone formations in the area.
    [Show full text]
  • Tasi Mane - Suai Supply Base EIA Terrestrial Flora and Fauna Technical Report
    GOVERNMENT OF TIMOR-LESTE, THROUGH THE SECRETARIA DE ESTADO DOS RECURSOS NATURAIS ATTACHMENT 1 Tasi Mane - Suai Supply Base EIA Terrestrial Flora and Fauna Technical Report DRAFT 301012-01504-EN-REP-0001 23 March 2012 Level 7, QV1 Building 250 St Georges Terrace Perth WA 6000 Australia Tel: +61 8 9278 8111 Fax: +61 8 9278 8110 www.worleyparsons.com WorleyParsons Services Pty Ltd ABN 61 001 279 812 © Copyright 2012 WorleyParsons Services Pty Ltd GOVERNMENT OF TIMOR-LESTE (GTL), THROUGH THE SECRETARIA DE ESTADO DOS RECURSOS NATURAIS (SERN) TASI MANE - SUAI SUPPLY BASE EIA TERRESTRIAL FLORA AND FAUNA TECHNICAL REPORT Disclaimer This report has been prepared on behalf of and for the exclusive use of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, and is subject to and issued in accordance with the agreement between the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste and WorleyParsons Services Pty Ltd. WorleyParsons Services Pty Ltd accepts no liability or responsibility whatsoever for it in respect of any use of or reliance upon this report by any third party. Copying this report without the permission of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste or WorleyParsons Services Pty Ltd is not permitted. PROJECT 301012-01504 - TASI MANE - SUAI SUPPLY BASE EIA REV DESCRIPTION ORIG REVIEW WORLEY- DATE CLIENT DATE PARSONS APPROVAL APPROVAL A Issued for internal review 23 Mar 12 N/A M Love S Hudson A Faulkner 0 Issued for client review 23 Mar 12 Page ii GOVERNMENT OF TIMOR-LESTE (GTL), THROUGH THE SECRETARIA DE ESTADO DOS RECURSOS NATURAIS (SERN) TASI MANE - SUAI SUPPLY BASE EIA TERRESTRIAL FLORA AND FAUNA TECHNICAL REPORT CONTENTS CONTENTS ......................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Costin-Powell-2006- -Timor-Leste-Situation-Analysis FIN.Pdf
    i ii [Timor Leste] Abbreviations ADB SOTL Asian Development Bank Special Office in Timor-Leste ADB Asian Development Bank ALGIS Agricultural Land Use Geographic Information Unit ARP Agriculture Rehabilitation Project of the World Bank AWRF Australian Water Research Facility AusAID Government of Australia Aid Agency CBO Community Based Organization CFET Consolidated Fund for East Timor CIRAD Cooperation Internationale en Researche Agronomique pour le Developpment CoM Council of Ministers CSP Consolidated Support Program CWSSP Community Water Supply & Sanitation Project DIT Dili Institute of Technology DNAS National Directorate of Water & Sanitation EDTL Electricity Service of Timor-Leste EH&HP Environmental Health and Hygiene Promotion EIA Environmental impact assessment ESCAP Economic & Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific EU European Union FMCBP Fisheries Management Capacity Building Project HDI Human Development Index IDS Integrated Disease Surveillance IWC International Water Centre IWRM Integrated Water Resource Management JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency MAFF Ministry of Agriculture, Forests and Fisheries (Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca e Florestas) MCM Million cubic meters MDE Ministry of Development & Environment (Ministerio de Desenvolvimento e do Ambiente iii [Timor Leste] MNRM&EP Ministry of Natural Resources, Minerals & Energy Policy MoH Ministry of Health MPF Ministry of Planning and Finance NDFWR National Directorate of Forests & Water Resources NDP National Development Plan (Planning Commission 2002) NDSMA
    [Show full text]
  • TIMOR-LESTE Disaster Management Reference Handbook
    TIMOR-LESTE Disaster Management Reference Handbook October 2019 Acknowledgements CFE-DM would like to thank the following people for their support in reviewing and providing feedback to this document: Ms. Jan Gelfand (IFRC) Major Pablo A. Valerin, (U.S. State Dept, Dili) Cover and section photo credits Cover Photo: North Beach and Statue by Frank Starmer 24 November 2010. https://www.flickr.com/photos/ spiderman/5203371481/in/photolist-8VND4p-bVuwwu- Country Overview Section Photo: Maubisse in the early morning by Kate Dixon. 1 April 2012 https://www.flickr.com/photos/kdixon/7168906532/in/photolist-bVuw9L Disaster Overview Section Photo: Cruz Vermelha de Timor-Leste Facebook Page 27 October 2018. https://www.facebook.com/422556931191491/photos/a.424090534371464/1898143186966184/?type=3&theater Organizational Structure for Disaster Management Section Photo: East Timor Portuguese Statue by John Hession. 6 September 2010. https://www.flickr.com/photos/56880002@N04/5248121098/in/photolist-8ZKZyw-crrJd- Infrastructure Section Photo: Timor 005 by HopeHill. 9 July 2009 https://www.flickr.com/photos/45340412@N06/4215259751/in/photolist-7quiSg- Health Section Photo: Timor Leste Defense Force participate in medical exercise during Cooperation Afloat Readiness and Training (CARAT) DILI, Timor Leste 26 February 2014) U.S Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 1st Class Jay C. Pugh https://www.flickr.com/photos/us7thfleet/12915899043/in/photolist-kFkmNx-7NyWiW-cjBXam-7LgA5S- Women, Peace, and Security Section Photo: Bread Sellers by Ellen Forsyth January 2002 https://www.flickr.com/photos/ellf/8723982463/in/album-72157631131535020/ Conclusion Section Photo: Traditional Dress, East Timor by Alexander Whillas. 26 January 2007 https://www.flickr.com/photos/cpill/369949523/in/photolist-yG674-8XsboX-8HgADS- Appendices Section Photo: Women in Maliana by Ellen Forsyth.
    [Show full text]