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Cubes Documentation Release 1.0.1
Cubes Documentation Release 1.0.1 Stefan Urbanek April 07, 2015 Contents 1 Getting Started 3 1.1 Introduction.............................................3 1.2 Installation..............................................5 1.3 Tutorial................................................6 1.4 Credits................................................9 2 Data Modeling 11 2.1 Logical Model and Metadata..................................... 11 2.2 Schemas and Models......................................... 25 2.3 Localization............................................. 38 3 Aggregation, Slicing and Dicing 41 3.1 Slicing and Dicing.......................................... 41 3.2 Data Formatters........................................... 45 4 Analytical Workspace 47 4.1 Analytical Workspace........................................ 47 4.2 Authorization and Authentication.................................. 49 4.3 Configuration............................................. 50 5 Slicer Server and Tool 57 5.1 OLAP Server............................................. 57 5.2 Server Deployment.......................................... 70 5.3 slicer - Command Line Tool..................................... 71 6 Backends 77 6.1 SQL Backend............................................. 77 6.2 MongoDB Backend......................................... 89 6.3 Google Analytics Backend...................................... 90 6.4 Mixpanel Backend.......................................... 92 6.5 Slicer Server............................................. 94 7 Recipes 97 7.1 Recipes............................................... -
Business Intelligence and Column-Oriented Databases
Central____________________________________________________________________________________________________ European Conference on Information and Intelligent Systems Page 12 of 344 Business Intelligence and Column-Oriented Databases Kornelije Rabuzin Nikola Modrušan Faculty of Organization and Informatics NTH Mobile, University of Zagreb Međimurska 28, 42000 Varaždin, Croatia Pavlinska 2, 42000 Varaždin, Croatia [email protected] [email protected] Abstract. In recent years, NoSQL databases are popular document-oriented database systems is becoming more and more popular. We distinguish MongoDB. several different types of such databases and column- oriented databases are very important in this context, for sure. The purpose of this paper is to see how column-oriented databases can be used for data warehousing purposes and what the benefits of such an approach are. HBase as a data management Figure 1. JSON object [15] system is used to store the data warehouse in a column-oriented format. Furthermore, we discuss Graph databases, on the other hand, rely on some how star schema can be modelled in HBase. segment of the graph theory. They are good to Moreover, we test the performances that such a represent nodes (entities) and relationships among solution can provide and we compare them to them. This is especially suitable to analyze social relational database management system Microsoft networks and some other scenarios. SQL Server. Key value databases are important as well for a certain key you store (assign) a certain value. Keywords. Business Intelligence, Data Warehouse, Document-oriented databases can be treated as key Column-Oriented Database, Big Data, NoSQL value as long as you know the document id. Here we skip the details as it would take too much time to discuss different systems [21]. -
Basically Speaking, Inmon Professes the Snowflake Schema While Kimball Relies on the Star Schema
What is the main difference between Inmon and Kimball? Basically speaking, Inmon professes the Snowflake Schema while Kimball relies on the Star Schema. According to Ralf Kimball… Kimball views data warehousing as a constituency of data marts. Data marts are focused on delivering business objectives for departments in the organization. And the data warehouse is a conformed dimension of the data marts. Hence a unified view of the enterprise can be obtained from the dimension modeling on a local departmental level. He follows Bottom-up approach i.e. first creates individual Data Marts from the existing sources and then Create Data Warehouse. KIMBALL – First Data Marts – Combined way – Data warehouse. According to Bill Inmon… Inmon beliefs in creating a data warehouse on a subject-by-subject area basis. Hence the development of the data warehouse can start with data from their needs arise. Point-of-sale (POS) data can be added later if management decides it is necessary. He follows Top-down approach i.e. first creates Data Warehouse from the existing sources and then create individual Data Marts. INMON – First Data warehouse – Later – Data Marts. The Main difference is: Kimball: follows Dimensional Modeling. Inmon: follows ER Modeling bye Mayee. Kimball: creating data marts first then combining them up to form a data warehouse. Inmon: creating data warehouse then data marts. What is difference between Views and Materialized Views? Views: •• Stores the SQL statement in the database and let you use it as a table. Every time you access the view, the SQL statement executes. •• This is PSEUDO table that is not stored in the database and it is just a query. -
CDW: a Conceptual Overview 2017
CDW: A Conceptual Overview 2017 by Margaret Gonsoulin, PhD March 29, 2017 Thanks to: • Richard Pham, BISL/CDW for his mentorship • Heidi Scheuter and Hira Khan for organizing this session 3 Poll #1: Your CDW experience • How would you describe your level of experience with CDW data? ▫ 1- Not worked with it at all ▫ 2 ▫ 3 ▫ 4 ▫ 5- Very experienced with CDW data Agenda for Today • Get to the bottom of all of those acronyms! • Learn to think in “relational data” terms • Become familiar with the components of CDW ▫ Production and Raw Domains ▫ Fact and Dimension tables/views • Understand how to create an analytic dataset ▫ Primary and Foreign Keys ▫ Joining tables/views Agenda for Today • Get to the bottom of all of those acronyms! • Learn to think in “relational data” terms • Become familiar with the components of CDW ▫ Production and Raw Domains ▫ Fact and Dimension tables/views • Creating an analytic dataset ▫ Primary and Foreign Keys ▫ Joining tables/views “C”DW, “R”DW & “V”DW • Users will see documentation referring to xDW. • The “x” is a variable waiting to be filled in with either: ▫ “V” for VISN, ▫ “R” for region or ▫ “C” for corporate (meaning “national VHA”) • Each organizational level of the VA has its own data warehouse focusing on its own population. • This talk focuses on CDW only. 7 Flow of data into the warehouse VistA = Veterans Health Information Systems and Technology Architecture C“DW” • The “DW” in CDW stands for “Data Warehouse.” • Data Warehouse = a data delivery system intended to give users the information they need to support their business decisions. -
Building an Effective Data Warehousing for Financial Sector
Automatic Control and Information Sciences, 2017, Vol. 3, No. 1, 16-25 Available online at http://pubs.sciepub.com/acis/3/1/4 ©Science and Education Publishing DOI:10.12691/acis-3-1-4 Building an Effective Data Warehousing for Financial Sector José Ferreira1, Fernando Almeida2, José Monteiro1,* 1Higher Polytechnic Institute of Gaya, V.N.Gaia, Portugal 2Faculty of Engineering of Oporto University, INESC TEC, Porto, Portugal *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract This article presents the implementation process of a Data Warehouse and a multidimensional analysis of business data for a holding company in the financial sector. The goal is to create a business intelligence system that, in a simple, quick but also versatile way, allows the access to updated, aggregated, real and/or projected information, regarding bank account balances. The established system extracts and processes the operational database information which supports cash management information by using Integration Services and Analysis Services tools from Microsoft SQL Server. The end-user interface is a pivot table, properly arranged to explore the information available by the produced cube. The results have shown that the adoption of online analytical processing cubes offers better performance and provides a more automated and robust process to analyze current and provisional aggregated financial data balances compared to the current process based on static reports built from transactional databases. Keywords: data warehouse, OLAP cube, data analysis, information system, business intelligence, pivot tables Cite This Article: José Ferreira, Fernando Almeida, and José Monteiro, “Building an Effective Data Warehousing for Financial Sector.” Automatic Control and Information Sciences, vol. -
Integrating Compression and Execution in Column-Oriented Database Systems
Integrating Compression and Execution in Column-Oriented Database Systems Daniel J. Abadi Samuel R. Madden Miguel C. Ferreira MIT MIT MIT [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT commercial arena [21, 1, 19], we believe the time is right to Column-oriented database system architectures invite a re- systematically revisit the topic of compression in the context evaluation of how and when data in databases is compressed. of these systems, particularly given that one of the oft-cited Storing data in a column-oriented fashion greatly increases advantages of column-stores is their compressibility. the similarity of adjacent records on disk and thus opportuni- Storing data in columns presents a number of opportuni- ties for compression. The ability to compress many adjacent ties for improved performance from compression algorithms tuples at once lowers the per-tuple cost of compression, both when compared to row-oriented architectures. In a column- in terms of CPU and space overheads. oriented database, compression schemes that encode multi- In this paper, we discuss how we extended C-Store (a ple values at once are natural. In a row-oriented database, column-oriented DBMS) with a compression sub-system. We such schemes do not work as well because an attribute is show how compression schemes not traditionally used in row- stored as a part of an entire tuple, so combining the same oriented DBMSs can be applied to column-oriented systems. attribute from different tuples together into one value would We then evaluate a set of compression schemes and show that require some way to \mix" tuples. -
Column-Stores Vs. Row-Stores: How Different Are They Really?
Column-Stores vs. Row-Stores: How Different Are They Really? Daniel J. Abadi Samuel R. Madden Nabil Hachem Yale University MIT AvantGarde Consulting, LLC New Haven, CT, USA Cambridge, MA, USA Shrewsbury, MA, USA [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT General Terms There has been a significant amount of excitement and recent work Experimentation, Performance, Measurement on column-oriented database systems (“column-stores”). These database systems have been shown to perform more than an or- Keywords der of magnitude better than traditional row-oriented database sys- tems (“row-stores”) on analytical workloads such as those found in C-Store, column-store, column-oriented DBMS, invisible join, com- data warehouses, decision support, and business intelligence appli- pression, tuple reconstruction, tuple materialization. cations. The elevator pitch behind this performance difference is straightforward: column-stores are more I/O efficient for read-only 1. INTRODUCTION queries since they only have to read from disk (or from memory) Recent years have seen the introduction of a number of column- those attributes accessed by a query. oriented database systems, including MonetDB [9, 10] and C-Store [22]. This simplistic view leads to the assumption that one can ob- The authors of these systems claim that their approach offers order- tain the performance benefits of a column-store using a row-store: of-magnitude gains on certain workloads, particularly on read-intensive either by vertically partitioning the schema, or by indexing every analytical processing workloads, such as those encountered in data column so that columns can be accessed independently. In this pa- warehouses. -
Using Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) in Data Warehousing
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-7064 Index Copernicus Value (2013): 6.14 | Impact Factor (2013): 4.438 Using Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) in Data Warehousing Mohieldin Mahmoud1, Alameen Eltoum2, Ramadan Faraj3 1, 2, 3al Asmarya Islamic University Abstract: Data warehousing is needed in recent time to give information that helps in the development of a company, support decision makers, it provides an efficient ways for transforming, manipulating analyzing large amount of data from different organizations or companies. In this paper we aimed to over view, data warehousing definition; how data are gathered from multi sources in to data warehousing using a model. Important techniques were shown; how to analyze data using data warehousing, to make decisions, this technique called: Online Analytical Processing OLAP. Keywords: Data Warehousing, OLAP, gathering, data cleansing, OLAP FASMI Test. 1. Introduction Enhances Data Quality and Consistency, Provides Historical data And Generates a High ROI. The concept of data warehousing returns back to the early 1980s, where was considered relational database 3. Gathering Data From Multi Source management systems. A data warehouse is a destination (archive) of information gathered from many sources, kept The data sources send new information in to warehouse, under a unified schema, at a single site. either continuously or periodically where data warehouse periodically requests new information from data sources then The businesses of all sizes its realized the importance of data keeping warehouse exactly synchronized from data sources warehouse, because there are significant benefits by but that is too expensive, and acts on data updates are implementing a Data warehouse. -
Columnar Storage in SQL Server 2012
Columnar Storage in SQL Server 2012 Per-Ake Larson Eric N. Hanson Susan L. Price [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Abstract SQL Server 2012 introduces a new index type called a column store index and new query operators that efficiently process batches of rows at a time. These two features together greatly improve the performance of typical data warehouse queries, in some cases by two orders of magnitude. This paper outlines the design of column store indexes and batch-mode processing and summarizes the key benefits this technology provides to customers. It also highlights some early customer experiences and feedback and briefly discusses future enhancements for column store indexes. 1 Introduction SQL Server is a general-purpose database system that traditionally stores data in row format. To improve performance on data warehousing queries, SQL Server 2012 adds columnar storage and efficient batch-at-a- time processing to the system. Columnar storage is exposed as a new index type: a column store index. In other words, in SQL Server 2012 an index can be stored either row-wise in a B-tree or column-wise in a column store index. SQL Server column store indexes are “pure” column stores, not a hybrid, because different columns are stored on entirely separate pages. This improves I/O performance and makes more efficient use of memory. Column store indexes are fully integrated into the system. To improve performance of typical data warehous- ing queries, all a user needs to do is build a column store index on the fact tables in the data warehouse. -
Virtual Denormalization Via Array Index Reference for Main Memory OLAP
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE AND DATA ENGINEERING, VOL. 27, NO. X, XXXXX 2015 1 Virtual Denormalization via Array Index Reference for Main Memory OLAP Yansong Zhang, Xuan Zhou, Ying Zhang, Yu Zhang, Mingchuan Su, and Shan Wang Abstract—Denormalization is a common tactic for enhancing performance of data warehouses, though its side-effect is quite obvious. Besides being confronted with update abnormality, denormalization has to consume additional storage space. As a result, this tactic is rarely used in main memory databases, which regards storage space, i.e., RAM, as scarce resource. Nevertheless, our research reveals that main memory database can benefit enormously from denormalization, as it is able to remarkably simplify the query processing plans and reduce the computation cost. In this paper, we present A-Store, a main memory OLAP engine customized for star/snowflake schemas. Instead of generating fully materialized denormalization, A-Store resorts to virtual denormalization by treating array indexes as primary keys. This design allows us to harvest the benefit of denormalization without sacrificing additional RAM space. A-Store uses a generic query processing model for all SPJGA queries. It applies a number of state-of-the-art optimization methods, such as vectorized scan and aggregation, to achieve superior performance. Our experiments show that A-Store outperforms the most prestigious MMDB systems significantly in star/snowflake schema based query processing. Index Terms—Main-memory, OLAP, denormalization, A-Store, array index. Ç 1INTRODUCTION HE purpose of database normalization is to eliminate strategy of denormalization. Recent development of MMDB Tdata redundancy, so as to save storage space and avoid [1], [2], [3] has shown that simplicity of data processing update abnormality. -
Splitting Facts Using Weights
SPLITTING FACTS USING WEIGHTS Liga Grundmane, Laila Niedrite University of Latvia, Department of Computer Science, 19 Raina blvd., Riga, Latvia Keywords: Data Warehouse, Weights, Fact Granularity. Abstract: A typical data warehouse report is the dynamic representation of some objects’ behaviour or changes of objects’ properties. If this behaviour is changing, it is difficult to make such reports in an easy way. It is possible to use the fact splitting to make this task simpler and more comprehensible for users. In the presented paper two solutions of splitting facts by using weights are described. One of the possible solutions is to make the proportional weighting accordingly to splitted record set size. It is possible to take into account the length of the fact validity time period and the validity time for each splitted fact record. 1 INTRODUCTION one set have to be 100 percent. There exists an opinion that bridge tables are not easily Following the classical data warehouse theory understandable for users, however such a modeling (Kimball, 1996), (Inmon, 1996) there are fact tables technique satisfies business requirements quite good. and dimension tables in the data warehouse. If a data mart exists with only aggregated values, Measures about the objects of interest of business it is not possible to get the exact initial values. It is analysts are stored in the fact table. This information possible to get only some approximation. So if we is usually represented as different numbers. At the need to lower the fact table grain, we have to split same time the information about properties of these the aggregated fact value accordingly to the chosen objects is stored in the dimensions. -
Lecture @Dhbw: Data Warehouse Part I: Introduction to Dwh and Dwh Architecture Andreas Buckenhofer, Daimler Tss About Me
A company of Daimler AG LECTURE @DHBW: DATA WAREHOUSE PART I: INTRODUCTION TO DWH AND DWH ARCHITECTURE ANDREAS BUCKENHOFER, DAIMLER TSS ABOUT ME Andreas Buckenhofer https://de.linkedin.com/in/buckenhofer Senior DB Professional [email protected] https://twitter.com/ABuckenhofer https://www.doag.org/de/themen/datenbank/in-memory/ Since 2009 at Daimler TSS Department: Big Data http://wwwlehre.dhbw-stuttgart.de/~buckenhofer/ Business Unit: Analytics https://www.xing.com/profile/Andreas_Buckenhofer2 NOT JUST AVERAGE: OUTSTANDING. As a 100% Daimler subsidiary, we give 100 percent, always and never less. We love IT and pull out all the stops to aid Daimler's development with our expertise on its journey into the future. Our objective: We make Daimler the most innovative and digital mobility company. Daimler TSS INTERNAL IT PARTNER FOR DAIMLER + Holistic solutions according to the Daimler guidelines + IT strategy + Security + Architecture + Developing and securing know-how + TSS is a partner who can be trusted with sensitive data As subsidiary: maximum added value for Daimler + Market closeness + Independence + Flexibility (short decision making process, ability to react quickly) Daimler TSS 4 LOCATIONS Daimler TSS Germany 7 locations 1000 employees* Ulm (Headquarters) Daimler TSS China Stuttgart Hub Beijing 10 employees Berlin Karlsruhe Daimler TSS Malaysia Hub Kuala Lumpur 42 employees Daimler TSS India * as of August 2017 Hub Bangalore 22 employees Daimler TSS Data Warehouse / DHBW 5 DWH, BIG DATA, DATA MINING This lecture is