Edited by A. Kitchener and S. Harris Edition 2 From Forest to Fjaeldmark i Edition 2 Text © Government of Tasmania 2013 Contributing Editors: A. Kitchener and S. Harris Editorial assistance provided by: Jayne Balmer Felicity Hargraves Photographs © Individual photographers listed. Images on the cover and section title pages are from original drawings © Individual artists listed. Design: Graphic Design Unit, Information and Land Services, DPIPWE. This work is subject to copyright. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968 and subsequent amendments, no part may be reproduced by any means or processes whatsoever without the prior written permission of the publisher and creators. The Crown does not accept legal responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or relevance to the user’s purpose, of the information herein and those using it for whatever purpose are advised to verify it with the Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment or other relevant source and to obtain any appropriate professional advice. First Published 2005 Editors: S. Harris and A. Kitchener Editorial assistance for the first edition provided by: Cassie Strain Zöe Magnus Vivienne Mawson Nepelle Temby Sophie Underwood Edition 2 From Forest to Fjaeldmark i From Forest to Fjaeldmark: Descriptions of Tasmania’s Vegetation. Edition 2. ISBN 987 0 7246 6797 0 Copyright © 2013 Crown in right of State of Tasmania. 1. Plants–Tasmania–Identification. 2. Plant communities–Tasmania. 3. Vegetation monitoring–Tasmania. 4. Vegetation mapping–Tasmania. 5. Plant conservation–Tasmania. I. Kitchener, Anne. II. Harris, Stephen. III. Tasmania. Dept. of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment Published by: Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment, GPO Box 44, Hobart Tasmania 7001 Cite as: Kitchener, A. and Harris, S. (2013). From Forest to Fjaeldmark: Descriptions of Tasmania’s Vegetation. Edition 2. Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment, Tasmania Edition 2 From Forest to Fjaeldmark ii Preface and acknowledgements for the second edition The original edition of this publication coincided with advice from other experts. We thank those who the first release of an integrated vegetation map of provided constructive comments and advice through Tasmania, TASVEG 1.0. an initial workshop facilitated by NRM South (Dr Magali Wright with assistance from Mrs Jill Jones) This second edition has been prepared for release and through comments on manuscript drafts. Those with TASVEG 3.0 and reflects the substantial who have made a substantial contribution the revision of some unit descriptions and TASVEG revision of the Scrub, heathland and coastal mapping since the first edition. complexes section are listed separately below. In Improvements to distributional data within this particular we thank Mr Micah Visoiu, Dr Richard edition are attributable to the ongoing mapping Schahinger, Ms Jayne Balmer and Mrs Sib Corbett work of the Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and for their substantial efforts in support of this revision. Mapping Program (TVMMP). Staff contributing We thank Mr Nicholas Fitzgerald for scientific substantially to the review of vegetation mapping proofing of revised text in the Scrub, heathland and since 2005 have included Mrs Sib Corbett, Ms coastal complexes section. Felicity Hargraves, Mr Anthony Hunn, Ms Jayne For integration of new mapping and maintenance of Balmer and Dr Anne Kitchener. The mapping the TASVEG data set, upon which the community program is supported by dedicated governance distribution information in the revised manuscript groups - TVMMP Scientific Reference Group (SRG) depends, we thank our current expert GIS team of and TVMMP Technical Reference Group (TRG). Mr Lindsay Mitchell and Mr Paul Fazackerley, and The contribution of quality mapping and information recognise the following for provision of substantial from a variety of external providers is also GIS support in developing the post-TASVEG 1.0 acknowledged. This includes the regular contribution data set: Mr Julian Ward, Mr Murray Stebbing, Mr of the Forest Group Plantation dataset (jointly Winston Smith, Mr Chris Collins, Mrs Bronwyn provided by Forestry Tasmania and Private Forests Tilyard, Mr Peter von Minden and Mr Lindsay Tasmania) and ad hoc contributions by staff within Millard. We acknowledge Mr John Corbett’s early the Resource Management and Conservation programming work to develop an application to Division of the Department of Primary Industries, ortho-rectify and mosaic hard copy aerial Parks, Water and Environment (DPIPWE), private photographs for efficient desk-top vegetation consultants, local councils and NGOs. mapping. A significant addition is the inclusion of descriptions Ms Gina Donnelly is acknowledged for her of the vegetation of Macquarie Island. These have considerable expertise in the provision of an been provided by Mr Micah Visoiu and Dr Jennie updated design template and design layout for the Whinam based upon their invaluable experience of revised manuscript. this sub-Antarctic region of Tasmania and on the Map of structural vegetation types and drainage on Thanks are also due to Ms Lee Buchanan, Ms Sha- subantarctic Macquarie Island (Australian Antarctic Sha Kwa and Mr David Rayner for their assistance Data Centre, 1998). The original map is the product with publication of this document on the DPIPWE of a joint project between Dr Patricia Selkirk and the web site. late Dr Don Adamson of the School of Biological Dr Anne Kitchener is credited with the project Sciences, Macquarie University and the Australian management of the revised publication and TASVEG Antarctic Division (AAD). data set and for their coordinated release, and Mrs A major review of the mapping unit descriptions for Kristy Franken is thanked for her guidance and Scrub, heathland and coastal complexes was support in achieving this major milestone. managed by Ms Felicity Hargraves with the support of the TVMMP team, TVMMP SRG and aided by Edition 2 From Forest to Fjaeldmark iii Contributors to the text of Edition 2 Mr Michael Askey-Doran DPIPWE, Invasive Species Branch, Hobart, Hobart Ms Jayne Balmer DPIPWE, Biodiversity Conservation Branch, Hobart Dr Richard Barnes Mangalore, Tasmania Mr Oberon Carter DPIPWE, Sustainable Landscapes Branch, Hobart Mrs Sib Corbett Ferntree, Tasmania Ms Louise Gilfedder DPIPWE, Sustainable Landscapes Branch, Hobart Ms Felicity Hargraves DPIPWE, Biodiversity Conservation Branch, Hobart Dr Anne Kitchener DPIPWE, Biodiversity Conservation Branch, Hobart Dr Louise Mendel DPIPWE, Sustainable Landscapes Branch, Hobart Mr Andrew North Kellevie, Tasmania Mr Tim Rudman DPIPWE, Biodiversity Conservation Branch, Hobart Dr Richard Schahinger DPIPWE, Biodiversity Conservation Branch, Hobart Dr Janet Smith DPIPWE, Sustainable Landscapes Branch, Hobart Ms Cassie Strain Gordon, Tasmania Mr Micah Visoiu DPIPWE, Biodiversity Conservation Branch, Hobart Dr Jennie Whinam DPIPWE, Biodiversity Conservation Branch, Hobart Edition 2 From Forest to Fjaeldmark iv Artwork Front cover Vegetation Communities: Saltmarsh and wetland Rhagodia candolleana: © Georgina Davis; DPIPWE Tecticornia arbuscula: © Georgina Davis; DPIPWE collection. collection. Introduction and context Vegetation Communities: Scrub, heathland and Ammobium calyceroides: © Georgina Davis; coastal complexes DPIPWE collection. Correa alba: © Georgina Davis, DPIPWE collection. Vegetation Communities: Guide to descriptions Table of Floristic Equivalents: Scrub, heathland and and Intersectional key coastal complexes Alyxia buxifolia: © Georgina Davis; DPIPWE Correa alba: © Georgina Davis, DPIPWE collection. collection. Vegetation Communities: Wet eucalypt forest and Vegetation Communities: Agricultural, urban and woodland exotic vegetation Eucalyptus viminalis subsp. viminalis: © Richard Hale. Rubus fruticosus: © Dennis I Morris. Tasmanian Parks and Wildlife Service collection. Vegetation Communities: Dry eucalypt forest and Vegetation Communities: Macquarie Island woodland vegetation Eucalyptus amygdalina: © Naomi Lawrence. Pleurophyllum hookeri: © Richard Hale. Vegetation Communities: Highland treeless Glossary, Abbreviations and Appendices vegetation Alyxia buxifolia: © Georgina Davis; DPIPWE Richea scoparia: © Naomi Lawrence from colour collection. photograph © David Marrison. Vegetation Communities: Moorland, sedgeland, rushland and peatland Gymnoschoenus sphaerocephalus: © Richard Hale. Tasmanian Parks and Wildlife Service collection. Vegetation Communities: Native grassland Themeda australis: © Naomi Lawrence. Vegetation Communities: Non-eucalypt forest and woodland Leptospermum lanigerum: © Richard Hale. Tasmanian Parks and Wildlife Service collection. Vegetation Communities: Other natural environments Lichen lithosere: © Naomi Lawrence. Vegetation Communities: Rainforest and related scrub Eucryphia lucida: © Richard Hale; DPIPWE collection. Edition 2 From Forest to Fjaeldmark v Acknowledgements to the first edition The beginning of TASVEG (an integrated vegetation information from current literature and expert map for Tasmania) coincided with the first round of advice. funding from the Australian Government’s Natural Members of the TASVEG Scientific Advisory Heritage Trust. It originated as a proposal developed Committee and the Mapping Users Reference by DPIWE and the then Environment Australia. Mr Group are thanked for their considerable input and Mike Askey-Doran, Mr Peter Bosworth, Dr Mick advice. In particular, for the original edition