Health Promotion from the Perspective of Social Cognitive Theory
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School Violence Irvin Sam Schonfeld
09-Kelloway-4838.qxd 12/19/2005 3:53 PM Page 169 9 School Violence Irvin Sam Schonfeld book on workplace violence requires a chapter on school violence. A Schools are where teachers and children work. One of the goals of the National Educational Goals Panel (2000), an independent agency of the executive branch of the federal government, is the following: Every local educational agency will develop and implement a policy to ensure that all schools are free of violence and the unauthorized presence of weapons. The goal applies to the safety of students, faculty, and staff. The purpose of this chapter is threefold. First, the chapter summarizes what is known about the prevalence of violence and weapons in U.S. schools. Other prob- lematic behaviors that plague schools, including verbally assaultive behavior and drug use, are not addressed. Second, the chapter examines theories that bear on school violence and the empirical evidence linked to those theories. Third, the chapter looks at attempts to prevent school violence and, conse- quently, the suffering school violence causes. Prevalence of Violence __________________________________ and Weapons in the Schools Before reviewing the literature on the prevalence of violence and weapons in schools (in this section I limit prevalence findings to the 1990s and later), it Author’s Note: I thank Pearl Knopf Schonfeld for her editorial suggestions and Mark Davies and Lynn Mollick for comments on specific sections of the chapter. 169 09-Kelloway-4838.qxd 12/19/2005 3:53 PM Page 170 170 SOURCES AND FORMS OF WORKPLACE VIOLENCE is important to note a number of obstacles to accurately ascertaining the occurrence of violence. -
Prediction of Study Success - Creation of Magic Zones
Prediction of Study Success - Creation of Magic Zones Voorspelling van Studiesucces - Creatie van Magische Zones (met een samenvatting in het Nederlands) ISBN: 978-90-393-7063-6 Print: ProefschriftMaken || www.proefschriftmaken.nl Design: Linda van der Linden © 2018 Linda van der Linden Prediction of Study Success - Creation of Magic Zones Voorspelling van Studiesucces - Creatie van Magische Zones (met een samenvatting in het Nederlands) Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit Utrecht op gezag van de rector magnificus, prof.dr. H.R.B.M. Kummeling, ingevolge het besluit van het college voor promoties in het openbaar te verdedigen op woensdag 19 december 2018 des middags te 12.45 uur door Linda van der Linden geboren op 31 augustus 1977 te IJsselstein Promotoren: Prof.dr. S. F. te Pas Prof.dr. L. Woertman Copromotor: Dr. M. J. van der Smagt Uit liefde voor het vraagteken Overview of abbreviations Different abbreviations are used for the same pre-programme predictors in different chapters. Also, ‘Y1’ - a measure of in-programme academic success - is used to abbreviate two different operationalisations of first year study success. NG-PSF is used differently in chapter 5 than in the preceding chapters. The overview below hopefully assists in keeping track of what is what across the chapters. Chapter 2 – Table 2 and 3 SSGPA = Average secondary school grade, unweighted average of mathematics, English, Dutch, social sciences and biology (if applicable) MS = Matching grade, unweighted average of essay and exam -
A Study on Behavioral Health Interventions for Neglected Tropical Diseases
A Study on behavioral Health Interventions for Neglected tropical diseases What is missing in current health interventions? By: Yousra Abdi Ali Ahmed Supervisor: Idris Ahmedi Södertörn University | School of Natural Sciences, Technology and Environmental Studies Bachelor thesis 15 ECTS Development and International Cooperation | Spring 2017 Abstract: Aim: The aim of this paper is to provide a deeper understanding of the spread of NTDs but to also determine what is missing in the health interventions that are conducted in the countries affected by NTD. Method and theory: The method used in this paper is the theory testing approach which is the Social Cognitive Theory. Development in the 1970s by A. Badura, it’s based on the concept of interaction between personal, environmental and social factors. Results: The results showed that both the previous research and today’s health interventions lack the understanding of the roll social and personal factors play in the spread of NTD. They mainly target the environmental factors and medical. Therefore, the NTDs are still endemic despite the effort during many years. Key words: Health, intervention, SCT, behavioral health, NTD Table of contents 1. Introduction 1-5 1.1 Background …………………………………………………………………….1 1.2 Research problem………………………………………………………………. 3 1.3 Research questions ………………………………………………………………4 1.4 Aim………………………………………………………………………………4 1.5 Limitation ……………………………………………………………………….5 1.6 Disposition……………………………………………………………………… 5 2. Method 6-7 2.1 Method discussion …………………………………………………………….6-7 3. Theoretical Framework 8-11 3.1 Social Cognitive Theory……………………………………………………… 9-11 4. Findings 12 4.1 The impact of NTD 12 4.2 What is done today to control NTD …………………………………………13-15 4.2.1 Control Strategies for different NTD………………………………….. -
Ffamous Psychologists
4/13/2012 Famous Psychologists G. Stanley Hall • G. Stanley Hall's primary interests were in evolutionary psychology and child development • Perhaps his greatest contribution was to the development and growth of early psychology. • By the year 1898, Hall had supervised 30 out of the 54 Ph.D. degrees that had been awarded in the United States • First APA President. • First Lab in USA 1 4/13/2012 Edward Titchner • Leader of Structuralism • Used Introspection • Studied under Wundt • With the goal to describe the structure of the mind in terms of the most primitive elements of mental experience. This theory focused on three things: the individual elements of consciousness, how they organized into more complex experiences, and how these mental phenomena correlated with physical events. The mental elements structure themselves in such a way to allow conscious experience. William James • Functionalism James opposed the structuralism focus on introspection and breaking down mental events to the smallest elements. Instead, James focused on the wholeness of an event, taking into the impact of the environment on behavior. • Stream of conscio u sness • Wrote Principles of Psychology. 2 4/13/2012 Edward Thordike-Behaviorism The law of effect basically states that “responses that produce a satisfying effect in a particular situation become more likely to occur again in that situation, and responses that produce a discomforting effect become less likely to occur again in that situation.” Original puzzle boxes with animals. Ivan Pavlov- Classical Conditioning Phobias, involuntary learning, CNS 3 4/13/2012 John Watson-Behaviorism • According to John Watson, psychology should be the science of observable behavior • Psychology as the behaviorist views it is a purely objective experimental branch of natural science. -
77866013002 2.Pdf
Papeles del Psicólogo ISSN: 0214-7823 ISSN: 1886-1415 [email protected] Consejo General de Colegios Oficiales de Psicólogos España Pérez Alvarez, Marino What does Skinner matter, thirty years later? Papeles del Psicólogo, vol. 42, no. 1, 2021, -, pp. 10-20 Consejo General de Colegios Oficiales de Psicólogos España DOI: https://doi.org/10.23923/pap.psicol2020.2940 Available in: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=77866013002 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System Redalyc More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America and the Caribbean, Spain and Journal's webpage in redalyc.org Portugal Project academic non-profit, developed under the open access initiative Articles Papeles del Psicólogo / Psychologist Papers, 2021 Vol. 42(1), pp. 10-20 https://doi.org/10.23923/pap.psicol2020.2940 http://www.papelesdelpsicologo.es http://www.psychologistpapers.com WHY SHOULD WE CARE ABOUT SKINNER, THIRTY YEARS ON? Marino Pérez Alvarez Universidad de Oviedo Se toma el treinta aniversario de la muerte de Skinner como ocasión para visualizar su presencia en la psicología actual y recordar algunas de sus mayores aportaciones. En general, se puede decir que Skinner brilla por su ausencia según abundan temas skinnerianos sin apenas citarlo y sin embargo se echa en falta su presencia según sus aportaciones resolverían algunos importantes problemas de la psicología como ciencia. Temas skinnerianos sin apenas Skinner son las adicciones al juego y las máquinas, el recién redescubierto test proyectivo auditivo (ruido blanco), la economía conductual y el nuevo inconsciente basado en el control ambiental. Aportaciones fundamentales de Skinner como el moldeamiento de la conducta, la conducta operante como unidad funcional y la selección por las consecuencias siguen perentorias para la psicología actual en su persistente deriva dualista, neurocéntrica y esencialista. -
Audiobook Supplement
When Are We Going to Teach Health? Let’s Teach Health as If Each Child’s Life Depends on It—Because It Does AUDIOBOOK SUPPLEMENT © 2020-2021 Duncan Van Dusen www.teachhealth.org Table of Contents PART I: Why? Chapter 1 – What This Book Is, and What It Isn’t Chapter 2 – Public Education and Public Health Case Study – Lawmakers in Action Chapter 3 – Healthy Kids Learn Better Case Study – Principal in Action Chapter 4 – Barriers to Teaching Health PART II: What? Chapter 5 – The Recipe for Effective Health Education Case Study – Parents in Action Chapter 6 – School Culture: Kids Value What We Do, Not What We Say Case Study – District in Action Activity Break – My Bonnie Lies Over the Ocean PART III: How? Chapter 7 – Tobacco Avoidance: Defusing the E-Cigarette Explosion Case Study – Student in Action Chapter 8 – Physical Activity: Maximizing the Time We Already Have Case Study – Teachers in Action Chapter 9 – Celebrating Nutrition: Involving Everyone is Free and Fun Case Study – Food Service in Action Chapter 10 – CATCH: Doing Good, Scaling Great PART IV – When? Chapter 11 – “When Am I Going to Use This?” Appendix Summary of Recommended Actions by Actor Glossary Acknowledgments Notes & Sources for Further Reading Chapter 2 Public Education and Public Health Figure 1: Structure of the U.S. K–12 Public Education System Chapter 3 Healthy Kids Learn Better Figure 2: Correlation Between Cardiovascular Fitness and Academic Performance 14 Case Study Principal in Action—Solomon P. Ortiz Elementary School, Brownsville, Texas Figure 3: Correlation between -
The Influence of Contextual Factors and Social-Cognitive Determinants on Handwashing Practices in Infrastructure-Restricted Settings
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2015 Behaviour, cognitions, and the environment : the influence of contextual factors and social-cognitive determinants on handwashing practices in infrastructure-restricted settings Seimetz, Elisabeth Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-124511 Dissertation Published Version Originally published at: Seimetz, Elisabeth. Behaviour, cognitions, and the environment : the influence of contextual factors and social-cognitive determinants on handwashing practices in infrastructure-restricted settings. 2015, University of Zurich, Faculty of Arts. Behaviour, Cognitions, and the Environment: The Influence of Contextual Factors and Social-Cognitive Determinants on Handwashing Practices in Infrastructure-Restricted Settings Thesis (cumulative thesis) Presented to the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences of the University of Zurich for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Elisabeth Seimetz Accepted in the Autumn Term 2015 on the Recommendation of the Doctoral Committee: Prof. Dr. Hans-Joachim Mosler and Prof. Dr. Urte Scholz Zurich, 2015 Abstract Even though morbidity and mortality due to diarrhoeal diseases in children less than five years old have declined more than 50% over the past 15 years, diarrheal infections still remain among the leading causes of childhood death in developing countries. Washing hands with soap at critical junctures, such as after defecating and before eating or preparing food, has been shown to be effective in reducing the occurrence of diarrhoea. Still, rates of handwashing with soap in developing countries remain remarkably poor. To effectively promote a desired behaviour, it is first of all important to understand what influences and determines that behaviour. -
Using Protection Motivation Theory to Predict Intention to Adhere to Official MMR Vaccination Recommendations in Switzerland
Research Collection Journal Article Using protection motivation theory to predict intention to adhere to official MMR vaccination recommendations in Switzerland Author(s): Camerini, Anne-Linda; Diviani, Nicola; Fadda, Marta; Schulz, Peter J. Publication Date: 2019-04 Permanent Link: https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000311088 Originally published in: SSM - Population Health 7, http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2018.11.005 Rights / License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International This page was generated automatically upon download from the ETH Zurich Research Collection. For more information please consult the Terms of use. ETH Library SSM - Population Health 7 (2019) 100321 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect SSM - Population Health journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ssmph Article Using protection motivation theory to predict intention to adhere to official T MMR vaccination recommendations in Switzerland ⁎ Anne-Linda Camerinia, ,1, Nicola Divianib,c,2, Marta Faddaa,d,3, Peter J. Schulza,4 a Institute of Communication and Health, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland b Department of Health Sciences and Health Policy, University of Lucerne, Switzerland c Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland d Health Ethics and Policy Lab, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Switzerland has not yet reached the measles vaccination coverage of 95 percent that is recommended by the MMR World Health Organization to achieve herd immunity. Within the overall objective of informing effective ways to Childhood vaccination promote the combined Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) vaccination in Switzerland, the aim of this study was to Protection Motivation Theory identify predictors of parents’ intention to adhere to official MMR vaccination recommendations. -
The Future of Health Behavior Research and Training: a Modified Delphi Study Jay E
Health Behavior Research Volume 1 Number 1 Article 6 October 2017 The Future of Health Behavior Research and Training: A Modified Delphi Study Jay E. Maddock Texas A&M University, [email protected] M. Renée Umstattd Meyer Baylor University, [email protected] Adam Barry Texas A&M University, [email protected] See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://newprairiepress.org/hbr Part of the Public Health Education and Promotion Commons This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 License Recommended Citation Maddock, Jay E.; Umstattd Meyer, M. Renée; Barry, Adam; and Colwell, Brian (2017) "The Future of Health Behavior Research and Training: A Modified Delphi Study," Health Behavior Research: Vol. 1: No. 1. https://doi.org/10.4148/2572-1836.1005 This Research Article is brought to you for free and open access by New Prairie Press. It has been accepted for inclusion in Health Behavior Research by an authorized administrator of New Prairie Press. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Future of Health Behavior Research and Training: A Modified Delphi Study Abstract The purpose of the current study is to assess (1) health behavior researchers’ opinions on significant new foci emerging over the next 20 years, (2) disciplines that can serve as important partners, and (3) adjustments needed for doctoral training programs to prepare researchers for emerging trends. A two- wave modified Delphi procedure was employed to assess opinions and perspectives of current health behaviors researchers. Participants were recruited through email invitations sent to the membership listserv of the American Academy of Health Behavior. -
An Investigation of Sustainable Product Purchase Behavior: a Social Cognitive Perspective of Consumer Action Keith Edmund Ferguson Kennesaw State University
Kennesaw State University DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University Dissertations, Theses and Capstone Projects Spring 2014 An Investigation of Sustainable Product Purchase Behavior: A Social Cognitive Perspective of Consumer Action Keith Edmund Ferguson Kennesaw State University Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/etd Part of the Marketing Commons Recommended Citation Ferguson, Keith Edmund, "An Investigation of Sustainable Product Purchase Behavior: A Social Cognitive Perspective of Consumer Action" (2014). Dissertations, Theses and Capstone Projects. Paper 602. This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses and Capstone Projects by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University. AN INVESTIGATION OF SUSTAINABLE PRODUCT PURCHASE BEHAVIOR: A SOCIAL COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE OF CONSUMER ACTION by Keith Edmund Ferguson A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Business Administration In the Coles College of Business Kennesaw State University Kennesaw, GA 2014 Copyright by Keith Edmund Ferguson 2013 DEDICATION I want to dedicate this work to the constant love and support of my wife Maureen and my two lovely daughter‘s ‒ Lauren and Delainey. Their understanding of my traveling to Georgia, the inability to attend all functions, and encouragement made the pursuit of my D.B.A. possible. I would also like to dedicate this work to my Brother Kevin who passed away unexpectedly a month before starting at Kennesaw. His memory and love will not be missed and I am sorry I could not share the excitement of this research with him. -
Applications and Applicability of Social Cognitive Theory in Information Science Research
Manuscript of paper submitted to Journal of Librarianship and Information Science for publication in 2018 Applications and applicability of Social Cognitive Theory in Information Science Research Lyndsey Jenkins, Hazel Hall, Robert Raeside Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK Abstract Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) is a theory that derives from Psychology, yet has been adopted in other interdisciplinary subject areas, including Information Science. The origins and key concepts of SCT are presented, and the value of SCT’s contributions to Information Science research analysed, with particular reference to research into information seeking behaviour and use and knowledge sharing. Prior applications of SCT in Information Science research are related to a study of employee-led workplace learning and innovative work behaviour that has been designed to create new insight on (i) workplace information literacy; (ii) knowledge management; and (iii) the relationship between information behaviours and innovation processes. It is anticipated that this research will also extend understandings of SCT as a valuable tool for theory development across a range of domains that focus on learning processes. Keywords information literacy, information seeking behaviour and use, innovative work behaviour, Social Cognitive Theory, workplace learning Introduction Interdisciplinary domains, such as Information Science, disciplinary lens of Information Science, with the goal of often borrow theory from elsewhere (Hall, 2003). This devising a framework that explains how workplace allows for the analysis, synthesis and harmonisation of learning can support innovative work behaviour links between disciplines into a coordinated and coherent development within organisations. whole. Multidisciplinary approaches that involve researchers from different disciplines working together, Social Cognitive Theory: origins and key each drawing on their own disciplinary knowledge, can also be accommodated in such practice. -
An Application of the Social Cognitive Theory by Basem Bo
Self-reported food safety behaviors in independent ethnic restaurants: An application of the Social Cognitive Theory by Basem Boutros B.S., Fayoum University, 2006 M.S., Fayoum University, 2011 AN ABSTRACT OF A DISSERTATION submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of Hospitality Management College of Human Ecology KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY Manhattan, Kansas 2018 Abstract Ethnic foods have gained in popularity and have become mainstream in the diet of most Americans. However, researchers have noted that ethnic food, specifically food served in ethnic restaurants, has been associated with foodborne outbreaks. Little has been done using the Social Cognitive Theory to predict food safety behaviors, especially in independent ethnic restaurants. The purpose of this study was to determine whether self-efficacy, self-regulation, outcome expectations, and environmental determinants are predictive of self-reported food safety behaviors in independent ethnic restaurants. Utilizing a thorough literature review and results of five focus group and group interviews, a questionnaire was developed. The questionnaire was translated to Chinese and Spanish and back-translated to English to ensure consistency. After pilot-testing, a multistage random sampling technique was utilized to collect data, targeting a total of 150 food handlers from independent Mexican and Chinese restaurants. A total of 204 food handlers responded, but due to incomplete data or responses from non-food handlers, 201 responses were usable for a response rate of 80.4%. A multiple regression analysis investigated the prediction of food safety behavioral intentions based on the respondents’ self-efficacy, self-regulation, outcome expectations, and environmental determinants and found the model was significant (F = 75.246, p = 0.002).