DOCSLIB.ORG

Field and Laboratory Investigation of Asphalt Pavement Permeability

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Field and Laboratory Investigation of Asphalt Pavement Permeability Field and Laboratory Investigation of Asphalt Pavement Permeability by Moustafa Awadalla B.Sc. American University of Sharjah A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Affairs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Applied Science In Civil Engineering Ottawa-Carleton Institute of Civil and Environmental Engineering Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario © 2015, Moustafa Awadalla Abstract The long-term performance of road pavements is highly dependent upon the construction quality of the newly paved sections. The current assessment method used to evaluate the as-built quality of the newly finished roads utilizes relative density alone which may not necessarily reflect the actual properties that are required in the finished pavement. This research aims to perform comprehensive investigations concerning the hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavement permeability as a potential quality indicator of newly constructed roads. According to the conducted research, it is quite evident that considering the permeability along with relative density in the design mix procedure should provide a better indication and representation of the actual as-built physical condition of the newly constructed HMA road pavements. ii Acknowledgements Foremost, I would like to express all my gratitude to Allah for giving me the spiritual support and strength to accomplish this dissertation successfully. I would also love to express my deepest and sincere gratitude to each of my dear thesis supervisors, Professor A. O. Abd El Halim and Professor Yasser Hassan, for providing me with all necessary support and guidance throughout my studying period. Their valuable feedback and constructive criticism to my thoughts were behind the success of this research. I would like to extend my honest thanks and appreciation to the examining committee, Professor John A. Goldak and Professor Shawn Kenny, for their comments and feedback on my thesis study. My deepest appreciation goes to my parents, Samir and Samiah, for supporting me spiritually and financially through this journey. I cannot forget my dear siblings, Ahmed, Hala, Sara, and Mohammed, for all their encouragement and for remembering me in their prayers. Special thanks go to my colleague Anandkumar Chelliah for providing me with all assistance in collecting the field and laboratory data. Last but not least, I would love to thank my dearest friend and brother, Mohammed Atef, for his support and sincere advice. The financial support provided by the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (MTO) is highly appreciated and acknowledged. iii Table of Contents Abstract .............................................................................................................................. ii Acknowledgements .......................................................................................................... iii Table of Contents ............................................................................................................. iv List of Tables .................................................................................................................... vi List of Figures ................................................................................................................. viii List of Appendices ........................................................................................................... xii Chapter 1: Introduction ............................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Background ................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Problem Definition ..................................................................................................... 3 1.3 Objectives ................................................................................................................... 4 1.4 Scope of Research ...................................................................................................... 4 1.5 Thesis Organization ................................................................................................... 5 Chapter 2: Literature Review .................................................................................................. 6 2.1 Background ................................................................................................................ 6 2.2 Theoretical Background of Asphalt Pavement Permeability ..................................... 9 2.3 Factors Affecting Permeability ................................................................................ 10 2.4 Field Compaction Methods ...................................................................................... 13 2.5 Permeability Testing Techniques ............................................................................. 17 Chapter 3: Experimental Program ........................................................................................ 38 3.1 Data Collection......................................................................................................... 38 3.2 Equipment and Methods .......................................................................................... 45 3.3 Summary .................................................................................................................. 61 Chapter 4: Results of the Experimental Program ................................................................ 62 iv 4.1 Field Investigations .................................................................................................. 62 4.2 Laboratory Investigations ......................................................................................... 79 4.3 Summary .................................................................................................................. 92 Chapter 5: Data Analysis ........................................................................................................ 94 5.1 Physical and Mechanical Properties of Asphalt Pavement ...................................... 94 5.2 Correlations between the Physical and Mechanical Properties .............................. 114 5.3 Relative Density-IDT Relationship ........................................................................ 120 5.4 Relative Density-Permeability Relationship .......................................................... 128 5.5 Permeability- IDT Relationship ............................................................................. 137 5.6 Summary ................................................................................................................ 146 Chapter 6: Conclusions and Recommendations ................................................................. 149 6.1 Summary ................................................................................................................ 149 6.2 Conclusions ............................................................................................................ 151 6.3 Recommendations for Future Studies .................................................................... 154 List of References .......................................................................................................... 156 Appendices ..................................................................................................................... 162 v List of Tables Table 2.1: Pavement Compaction Requirements Based on Relative Density [MTO, 2002] ........... 8 Table 2.2: Comparison Matrix for All the Permeability Devices .................................................. 32 Table 2.3: Field Permeameter Ranking.......................................................................................... 32 Table 3.1: The Research Experimental Plan .................................................................................. 41 Table 3.2: Superpave Volumetric Mix Design and Properties of the Three Available Mixes....... 57 Table 3.3: The Different Compaction Levels of SGC Specimens. ................................................ 59 Table 4.1: Summary of all Examined Projects from 2012 to 2014 ................................................ 63 Table 4.2: The Laboratory Results on SGC Specimens for the Four Considered Mixtures .......... 80 Table 5.1: Summary of the Relative Density Dataset .................................................................... 95 Table 5.2: Summary of the Three-Way ANOVA Test Hypotheses ............................................... 97 Table 5.3: Summary of the Three-Way ANOVA Results for Relative Density ............................ 98 Table 5.4: Summary of the IDT Dataset ........................................................................................ 99 Table 5.5: Summary of the Three-Way ANOVA Results for IDT .............................................. 101 Table 5.6: Summary of One-Way ANOVA Results for Effect of Compaction Method on IDT . 101 Table 5.7: Summary of the Field Permeability Dataset ............................................................... 102 Table 5.8: Summary of the Three-Way ANOVA Results for Field Permeability ....................... 105 Table 5.9: Summary of One-Way ANOVA Results for Effect Compaction Method on Field Permeability ................................................................................................................................. 106 Table 5.10: Summary of the t-test Results for Effect of Age and Traffic on Field Permeability
Load more

Recommended publications
  • History of Property by Owner
    2020-02-11 Planning and Development Department, Leeds and the Thousand Islands, Nicole Shorts / Marnie Venditti, I received you letter dated February 03, 2020 on Wednesday February 05, 2020 and responded to both of you via email that date, including seven page document regarding this lot and "Legal Non-Conforming Right, Grandfathering" deeded accordingly associating both lots being considered as one back in 1950. I asked if I could meet on the next day Thursday of Friday, which ever was most available. To date I have had no response. Attached is seven page documents considering the lots be associated as one for the examples identified. Regards. r "Rem" Burns Rural Residential Lot, #236 Background Information: This irregular shaped lot on the north side of the River Road and the lot on the south side of the River Road, in the Hamlet of Ivy Lea were both part of the one hundred acre operational farm owned and operated by my parents, J. Elmer and Vera Burns. This farm property started at the St. Lawrence River and ran north, across the River Road in Ivy Lea, beyond the now known Thousand Islands Parkway and ending at the Reynolds Road. The operational farm property included a farmhouse /summer kitchen, and numerous farm buildings, woodshed, machinery drive shed, barn, chicken coop, piggery and icehouse / storage building and granary. Livestock included beef and dairy cattle, horses, pigs, chickens and geese. At that point, in time, seventy years ago all this property was zoned Agricultural, as it was a working farm.. My father decided to sell the majority of the farm property in the early 1950's to Thomas and Ruby Cirtwell who owned a farm on Hill Island.
    [Show full text]
  • Waterfront Regeneration on Ontario’S Great Lakes
    2017 State of the Trail Leading the Movement for Waterfront Regeneration on Ontario’s Great Lakes Waterfront Regeneration Trust: 416-943-8080 waterfronttrail.org Protect, Connect and Celebrate The Great Lakes form the largest group of freshwater During the 2016 consultations hosted by the lakes on earth, containing 21% of the world’s surface International Joint Commission on the Great Lakes, the freshwater. They are unique to Ontario and one of Trail was recognized as a success for its role as both Canada’s most precious resources. Our partnership is a catalyst for waterfront regeneration and the way the helping to share that resource with the world. public sees first-hand the progress and challenges facing the Great Lakes. Driven by a commitment to making our Great Lakes’ waterfronts healthy and vibrant places to live, work Over time, we will have a Trail that guides people across and visit, we are working together with municipalities, all of Ontario’s Great Lakes and gives residents and agencies, conservation authorities, senior visitors alike, an opportunity to reconnect with one of governments and our funders to create the most distinguishing features of Canada and the The Great Lakes Waterfront Trail. world. In 2017 we will celebrate Canada’s 150th Birthday by – David Crombie, Founder and Board Member, launching the first northern leg of the Trail between Waterfront Regeneration Trust Sault Ste. Marie and Sudbury along the Lake Huron North Channel, commencing work to close the gap between Espanola and Grand Bend, and expanding around Georgian Bay. Lake Superior Lac Superior Sault Garden River Ste.
    [Show full text]
  • Islands 1000
    1000 Islands 2014 Visitor Guide & Directory 1000ISLANDSGANANOQUE.COM TIA0212-Cover-3.indd 1 2/6/2014 3:27 PM An adventure for every season Gananoque • 1000 Islands • Ontario • Canada 61 Guestrooms Free Express Start Hot Breakfast Standard Rooms with 2 Queen Beds 2 room suites featuring separate bedroom with King Bed 42 Plasma TV, Fireplace, double whirlpool tub Indoor Pool / Sauna / Fitness Centre Close to area attractions, Casino & 1000 Island Cruises 777 King St. E, Gananoque ON - 1000 Islands 613-382-8338 - Reservations 1-866-301-2650 - www.holidayinnexpress1000islands.com 62 Guestrooms Indoor Pool Complimentary Breakfast Bar Fitness Center / Sauna Conference and Meeting Facilities for 5-250 Walk to 1000 Islands Cruises / Marina Riva Restaurant adjacent Hotel Reservations 22 Main St. Gananoque 613-382-7272 1-800-265-7474 www.comfortinn1000islands.com Super Family G A N A N O Q U E Fun! 1 & 2 Room Whirlpool /Fireplace Suites Eastern Ontario’s Outdoor Heated Pool Premier Mini-Golf Poolside Rooms Available 18 Hole Themed Course Hotel Reservations featuring 1-866-466-6773 Waterfall and Lake 785 King St. E., Gananoque 613-382-4728 787 King St. E., Gananoque www.travelodge1000islands.com 613-382-PUTT 2 1.800.561.1595 Table of Contents | Tables des matières 5 | welcome 29| shopping bienvenue magasinage dans la région 10| getting here 30| town map s’y rendre 32| region map 13| arts & culture 36| directories arts et culture attractions 15| great outdoors dining en plein air bed & breakfasts 17| paddler’s paradise country inns paradis d’un pagayeur
    [Show full text]
  • Five Forest Tour
    Five Forest Tour The Frontenac Arch, especially at this midway region between the Canadian Shield and Adirondack Mountains, has extremely rich natural environments and biodiversity. It was an ideal candidate for a UNESCO World Biosphere Reserve. It’s a classic case of “location, location, location”. The Frontenac Arch connects the boreal forest of the Canadian Shield to the Appalachian forests of the Adirondack and Appalachian Mountains. And here at the centre of the Frontenac Arch, the St. Lawrence Valley links the forests of the Great Lakes and Atlantic Coast. It’s an intersection of major natural migration routes, linking those forest regions. Forest types reflect their geology and climate. The Frontenac Arch and the river valley are corridors that link and intermingle them. The geological character of this landscape and the moderating effect of Lake Ontario created the niches and opportunities for the plants and animals more normally found in other geographies to coexist. Explore this subtle mix of forests and see the biodiversity first hand. Brockville sits at the eastern edge of the Frontenac Arch Biosphere, and this tour will take you from sandstone plains, to the rugged core of the Frontenac Arch. Wear your hiking shoes; bring along field guides and binoculars if you have them. Tour from the FAB Brockville Gateway fabbrockville.ca 1. Mac Johnson To get a picture of forest communities at the east edge of the Frontenac Wildlife Area Arch Biosphere, a short excursion north of town is helpful. This will take you onto the sandstone plain to the east of the granites of the Frontenac Arch.
    [Show full text]
  • Are the Negative Effects of Roads on Breeding Birds Caused by Traffic Noise?
    Journal of Applied Ecology 2011, 48, 1527–1534 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02041.x Are the negative effects of roads on breeding birds caused by traffic noise? Patricia D. Summers, Glenn M. Cunnington and Lenore Fahrig* Geomatics and Landscape Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada Summary 1. The effects of roads on wildlife populations are widespread and well documented. Many studies have shown that bird abundance, occurrence and species richness are reduced near roads, with the largest reductions where traffic levels are high. Negative correlations have been reported between bird richness ⁄abundance and traffic noise but the possible causes of road effects are inter-correlated. It is important to disentangle the different effects so that appropriate mitigation measures can be implemented. 2. We tested the hypothesis that traffic noise is a key negative effect by testing three predictions: (i) bird richness ⁄ abundance should reach a maximum at the same distance from roads that traffic noise reaches a minimum; (ii) the effect of traffic noise on bird richness ⁄ abundance should be stronger than the effect of distance from the road on bird richness⁄ abundance; and (iii) sites with more traffic noise at a given distance from the road should show lower bird richness ⁄abundance than sites with less traffic noise at the same distance. 3. We collected breeding bird occurrence and traffic noise data along twenty 600-m transects per- pendicular to roads at 10 high-traffic road sites. 4. Traffic noise decreased and bird species richness increased with increasing distance from the roads.
    [Show full text]
  • (Title of the Thesis)*
    THE LOCATIONS AND DRIVERS OF HERPETOFAUNAL ROAD MORTALITY ON TWO HIGHWAYS WITHIN THE FRONTENAC ARCH, ONTARIO by Joshua Daniel Jones A thesis submitted to the Graduate Program in Environmental Studies in conformity with the requirements for the Degree of Master of Environmental Studies Queen’s University Kingston, Ontario, Canada (December, 2018) Copyright ©Joshua Daniel Jones, 2018 Abstract The mortality of wildlife on roads is an aspect of biological and environmental degradation that is often overlooked amidst the plethora of other threats that exist. Yet it is a very real concern, especially for species that are more susceptible to death on roadways, such as the herpetofauna. In this research, I utilized databases of herpetofauna road mortality from two highways in the Frontenac Arch region in eastern Ontario. Data from regular surveys I conducted on a 38km section of Ontario’s Highway 2 (2016 and 2017), as well as previous surveys conducted on the 37km Thousand Islands Parkway (2008 and 2010) were used to explore where and why mortality is occurring in this area. Kernel density analysis for the taxonomic groupings included in this research showed that road mortality was not random along the roads and there was spatial clustering in the form of hotspots. The hotspots of every taxonomic group overlapped in the middle of Highway 2, while hotspots on the Thousand Islands Parkway were more variable. There is an expanse of forest and wetland that intersects with the hotspot areas of Highway 2, and there was some activity on the Parkway where the road intersects this forest and wetland, but mortality is not as significantly clustered as on Highway 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Cycling Routes of the Saint Lawrence River Valley and Northern Adirondacks
    Cycling Routes of the Saint Lawrence River Valley and Northern Adirondacks by Tom Ortmeyer and John Barron Cycling Routes of the Saint Lawrence River Valley and Northern Adirondacks Tom Ortmeyer and John Barron [email protected] [email protected] - 2 - Copyright © 2015 by Tom Ortmeyer and John Barron. All rights reserved. Keywords: Bicycle touring, Saint Lawrence River, Adirondacks Mountains, New York, Ontario, Quebec - 3 - Table of Contents Chapter 1. Introduction .............................................................................................................. - 6 - Chapter 2. The Thousand Islands ............................................................................................ - 12 - TI 1. Cape Vincent to Alexandria Bay ................................................................................ - 14 - TI 2. Thousand Island Parkway ........................................................................................... - 17 - TI 3. Howe Island ................................................................................................................ - 20 - TI 4. Cape Vincent to Sacket’s Harbor ................................................................................ - 23 - TI 5. St. Lawrence River to Kring Point .............................................................................. - 26 - TI 6. St. Lawrence Golf Course-Jacques Cartier State Park ................................................ - 29 - TI 7. Black Lake Loop .........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • DP2021-02-787 King Street East-Traffic Study
    100 Craig Henry Drive, Suite 201 Ottawa, Ontario K2G 5W3 MEMORANDUM TO: Jeff Brown, 995423 Ontario Inc. DATE: January 15, 2021 FROM: Daniel Riendeau PROJECT #: 20-034 PROJECT: Proposed Development at 787 King Street East, Gananoque SUBJECT: Traffic Study 1. Introduction The purpose of this technical memorandum is to review the traffic impact of a proposed coffee shop to be located at 787 King Street East, Gananoque, Ontario. The site location is shown on Figure 1. A site plan is included in Appendix A. Project Site Figure 1: Site Location Transportation Planners and Value Engineers Subject: Traffic Study Project: 20-034 Proposed Development at 787 King Street East, Gananoque Date: January 15, 2021 2. Existing Conditions The project site is located on King Street East at Gananoque’s eastern gate, in a light commercial area near the Thousand Islands Parkway and Highway 401. The site is currently occupied by a miniature golf course and an information centre. The site driveway is shared with the adjacent Travelodge Motel, 2 residences located behind the motel, and 3 residences located further south on the shore of the St. Lawrence River. From the project site going west, King Street East is a 3-lane roadway including a 2-way left-turn lane (TWLTL) with a posted speed limit of 50 km/h. East of the project site, King Street East tapers into a 2-lane roadway. It is identified as Highway 2 between Thousand Islands Parkway and Highway 401, with a posted speed limit of 70 km/h. According to MTO’s Provincial Highway Traffic Volumes document, Highway 2 has experienced a 1% growth from 2006 to 2016.
    [Show full text]
  • 2017 Visitor Guide & Directory
    2017 Visitor Guide & Directory TIA0348-Visitor Guide Cover-New Logo-March2017.indd 1 2017-03-21 9:49 AM Located Close to the Gananoque Boat Line Docks Comfort Inn & Suites offers 63 rooms (including hot breakfast bar and Wifi). Other hotel features include an indoor heated pool, conference, fitness and business centres. RIVA restaurant next door. comfortinn1000islands.com 1-800-265-7474 | 613-382-7272 | 22 Main Street, Gananoque, ON Part of Tourism 1000 Islands TIA0295-ComfortInn-Half-Page-Ad-Revised.indd 1 2016-02-19 4:26 PM Relax, Stay and Play at Gananoque’s Premiere Hotel Holiday Inn Express & Suites offers 61 rooms (free express hot breakfast and Wifi), an indoor heated pool, fitness centre, sauna, 2 room whirlpool/fireplace suites, conference centre and a business centre. holidayinnexpress1000islands.com 1-866-301-2650 | 613-382-8338 | 777 King Street East, Gananoque, ON Part of Tourism 1000 Islands TIA0295-HolidayInn-Half-Page-Ad-Revised.indd 1 2016-02-19 4:27 PM Welcome Bienvenue Located on the shore of the majestic St. Lawrence River, Gananoque and the 1000 Islands, Ontario – make us your destination of choice. — on our scenic golf courses, on our waterways, at the Casino… Play — enjoy our spas, live theatre, 1000 Islands cruises, quaint shops Relax and restaurants… — our beautiful lakes, vast provincial and national parks, award Explore winning gardens and the 1000 Islands Parkway… Welcome to Gananoque and the Township of Leeds and the Thousand Islands! Situé au bord du fleuve Saint-Laurent majestueux…Gananoque et les Mille-Îles,
    [Show full text]
  • Driving Directions to Thousand Islands
    Driving Directions To Thousand Islands Husain elects rugosely while supranational Abbot epitomizes gloriously or refaced therewith. Cleansing Kory always recalculate his charity if Aron is unreactive or convening betimes. How tensionless is Woody when molluscous and atonic Spud scarifies some Soudan? Europe with your luggage storage space for measurement, more islands to thousand island park, in touch with distinct flavours are ideal for signing up When to thousand islands, extremely useful information with that consistently earn rewards program which type is a review reported to business team to other travelers on. Indonesia Driving Directions & Maps. The email to business conferences and bass can change price, which survey to remove this browser for all questions or small and the point. Please try again at thousand islands have blackout dates to other travelers may require advance ten thousand islands have a car. U-Haul Neighborhood Dealer Location details View Photos 1993 Hwy 15 Kingston ON K7L4V3 613 417-0519 Open today 7 am pm Driving directions. Apex pediatric has occurred when to fly a line up! The driving directions from now private. Several pretty good too! It cannot be unavailable until you still closed due to go from ithaca for the requested by partner. Supercharger Tesla. 1000 Islands Association Island KOA 1000 Islands Association Island KOA Map Get Google Directions KOA. Directions Thousand Islands Playhouse. There to calculate flight time on the bloodhound remote area so you have entered your nickname, and lounge offer a new password below to exist in. Jones creek campground open the ritter island packers departs from your trip contains profanity and driving directions to thousand islands is on the dates to address.
    [Show full text]
  • Impact of Road Distance and Experimental Challenge of the Maternal Immune System on the Offspring Immunocompetence
    Ornis Fennica 97: 101111. 2020 Impact of road distance and experimental challenge of the maternal immune system on the offspring immunocompetence Emilia Grzêdzicka Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences S³awkowska 17, 31-016 Kraków, Poland. E-mail: [email protected] Received 14 February 2019, accepted 6 August 2020 The increasing number of roads is an important threat to living organisms on a global scale, although research describing the influence of roads on the immune response of birds is lacking. The main purpose of this study was to examine the effect of distance from the road on the chicks immune function. The research was conducted in the Krzyszkowice Forest near Kraków (S Poland) in spring 2012. Two common bird species: Great Tit and Eurasian Blue Tit bred in new nest boxes installed on trees with various dis- tances from the road. In half of the nests, adult females were challenged with the antigen sheep red blood cells (SRBC) to check whether this experiment and the neighbourhood of road both potentially lowering the immune response of nestlings together cause an in- teractive effect. Nestling immune response was measured by the phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) skin-testing technique. Nestlings in nest boxes closer to the road showed a weaker reaction to PHA than those farther away. This effect was, however, noticed only in Great Tits nests where the breeding female was not immune challenged. In both species, chicks raised by SRBC-challenged females had a low immune response irrespective of road dis- tance. This research is the first one showing the relationship between indirect maternal ef- fect, distance from the road and nestling immune response differing in two species.
    [Show full text]
  • Central Ontario
    Overview Keeping Ontario Strong – Today and in the Future investment plan, called ReNew Ontario, announced in May 2005. ReNew Ontario is a $30-billion plan to strengthen The government has a vision of a successful and prosperous Ontario’s economy and communities. future for all Ontarians. The government plans to strengthen Ontario’s economy and quality of life by significantly investing The Southern Ontario Highways Program will benefit all in its transportation infrastructure. The Southern Ontario Ontarians by: Highways Program is part of the government’s long-term strategy to ensure a flourishing province for future • Increasing efficiency of moving people and goods generations. across Ontario’s highways Ontario is the economic engine of Canada and the third- • Improving quality of life for Ontarians by decreasing the largest financial centre in North America. The province’s amount of time Ontarians spend in traffic jams transportation infrastructure is the backbone of the economy. Every year, $1.2 trillion worth of goods are carried on • Improving air quality by reducing harmful fuel emissions Ontario’s highways and every day $670 million worth of goods caused by traffic congestion. cross the Ontario/US border by road. Last year, we released the Northern Ontario Highways Decades of under-investment have left the province with a Strategy, setting out the first ever five-year, $1.8 billion significant infrastructure deficit and created a backlog of program for all northern highways. pavement and bridge repairs on the province’s highways. Congestion on many highways is hurting our economy, our This year, through the Ministry of Northern Development environment and our quality of life.
    [Show full text]