DOCSLIB.ORG

Proposed Occupational Exposure Limits for Non-Carcinogenic Hanford Waste Tank Vapor Chemicals

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Proposed Occupational Exposure Limits for Non-Carcinogenic Hanford Waste Tank Vapor Chemicals PNNL-15736 Proposed Occupational Exposure Limits for Non-Carcinogenic Hanford Waste Tank Vapor Chemicals TS Poet C Timchalk March 2006 Prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830 DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor Battelle Memorial Institute, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights . Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof, or Battelle Memorial Institute. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. PACIFIC NORTHWEST NATIONAL LABORATORY operated by BATTELLE for the UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830 Printed in the United States of America Available to DOE and DOE contractors from the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, P.O. Box 62, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-0062; ph: (865) 576-8401 fax: (865) 576-5728 email: [email protected] Available to the public from the National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, 5285 Port Royal Rd., Springfield, VA 22161 ph: (800) 553-6847 fax: (703) 605-6900 email: [email protected] online ordering: http://www.ntis.gov/ordering.htm This document was printed on recycled paper. PNNL-15376 Proposed Occupational Exposure Limits for Non-Carcinogenic Hanford Waste Tank Vapor Chemicals TS Poet C Timchalk March 2006 Prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland, Washington 99352 Summary A large number of volatile chemicals have been identified in the headspaces of tanks used to store mixed chemical and radioactive waste at the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Hanford Site, and there is concern that vapor releases from the tanks may be hazardous to workers. The tank farm operations contractor, CH2M Hill Hanford Group, Inc., is contractually obligated to meet occupational exposure limits (OELs) established by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). Some of the vapors detected in the tank headspaces have OSHA and/or ACGIH OELs, but not all. To address the need for worker exposure guidelines for those chemicals that lack OSHA or ACGIH OELs, a procedure for assigning Acceptable Occupational Exposure Limits (AOELs) for Hanford Site tank farm workers has been developed and applied to a selected group of 57 headspace chemicals. The 57 chemicals considered in this report were identified by a toxicological screening process (Poet et al. 2006) and reviews of the analytical data on which the existence of the chemicals in the tanks were based (e.g., Sklarew and Mitroshkov 2006). AOELs developed by this report are considered “proposed” until reviewed and formally adopted by the Environmental Exposure Assessment Review Group. The proposed AOELs were preferentially based on OELs established by U.S. or foreign agencies and organizations other than OSHA and ACGIH. When other such OELs were available, they were evaluated for use as AOELs. Four chemicals were assigned AOELs on this basis (Table S.1). For the remaining 53 chemicals without established OELs, epidemiological and toxicological information was reviewed to identify potential hazards, select critical effects, and estimate dose-response to determine exposure levels expected to be safe. When information on the chemical itself was insufficient to develop an AOEL, the proposed AOEL was based on one or more structurally related chemicals (surrogates) for which sufficient data were available. Surrogates with close structural and pharmacological activity with established OELs (ACGIH or OSHA) were preferentially selected. Of these 53 chemicals, 47 were assigned proposed AOELs (Table S.2), and six were determined to not warrant complete AOEL development (Table S.3). Table S.1 . OELs for Chemicals with Limits from NIOSH, AIHA or MAK CAS (a) Proposed AOEL Chemical OEL Source Number (ppm) Propanenitrile 107-12-0 6 REL (b) 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol 104-76-7 20 MAK (c) Butanal 123-72-8 25 WEEL (d) Butanenitrile 109-74-0 8 REL (a) CAS = Chemical Abstracts Service. (b) REL - Recommended Exposure Limits, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) (c) MAK- Maximum Arbeitsplatz Konzentration, German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area (MAK Commission) (d) WEEL - Workplace Environmental Exposure Limits, American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) iii Table S.2. Summary of Proposed AOELs CAS (a) Proposed AOEL Chemical Number (ppm) HALOCARBONS 2-Fluoropropene 1184-60-7 0.1 ALCOHOLS Cyclopentanol 96-41-3 5 ETHERS 1-Methoxybutane 628-28-4 17 ALDEHYDES 2-Methylbut-2-enal 1115-11-3 0.03 2-Ethylhex-2-enal 645-62-5 0.1 KETONES 4-Methyl-2-hexanone 105-42-0 0.5 3-Hexanone 589-38-8 67 6-Methyl-2-heptanone 928-68-7 8 2-Nonanone 821-55-6 17 3-Dodecanone 1534-27-6 17 2-Tridecanone 593-08-8 17 3-Tridecanone 1534-26-5 17 5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethenyl)cyclohexanone 89-82-7 2.5 4,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-3-one 4176-04-9 0.7 3-Methyl-3-buten-2-one 814-78-8 0.02 ESTERS Dibutyl butylphosphonate 78-46-6 0.02 NITRILES 2-Methylene butanenitrile 1647-11-6 0.3 Pentanenitrile 110-59-8 6 Hexanenitrile 628-73-9 6 Heptanenitrile 629-08-3 6 Octanenitrile 124-12-9 6 Nonanenitrile 2243-27-8 6 Decanenitrile 1975-78-6 6 3-Butenenitrile 109-75-1 1 2,4-Pentadienenitrile 1615-70-9 0.3 AMINES & AMIDES N-Methylaziridine 1072-44-2 0.05 NITRITES & NITRATES Methyl nitrite 624-91-9 0.1 Ethyl nitrite 109955 0.1 Butyl nitrite 544-16-1 0.1 Methyl nitrate 598-58-3 8 Ethyl nitrate 625-58-1 8 Butyl nitrate 928-45-0 8 1,3-Propanediol, dinitrate 3457-90-7 0.05 1,4-Butanediol, dinitrate 3457-91-8 0.05 1,5-Pentanediol, dinitrate 3457-92-9 0.05 1,2,3-Propanetriol, 1,3-dinitrate 623-87-0 0.05 iv Table S.2 . (contd) CAS (a) Proposed AOEL Chemical Number (ppm) 1,2,3-Propanetriol, 1-nitrate 624-43-1 8 NITRO COMPOUNDS 2-Nitro-1-propanol 2902-96-7 0.8 2-Nitro-2-methylpropane 594-70-7 0.3 1-Nitrobutane 627-05-4 2.5 HETEROCYCLICS Furan 110-00-9 0.001 2-Methylfuran 534-22-5 0.001 2-Propylfuran 4229-91-8 0.001 2-Ethyl-5-methylfuran 1703-52-2 0.001 2,5-Dihydrofuran 1708-29-8 0.001 alpha-Propylfuranacetaldehyde 31681-26-2 0.001 2,4-Dimethylpyridine 108-47-4 0.5 (a) CAS = Chemical Abstracts Service. Table S.3. Chemicals For Which No AOEL is Recommended CAS (a) Chemical Number 1-Hexadecanol 36653-82-4 1-Octadecanol 112-92-5 1-Methylethyl tetradecanoate 110-27-0 Butyl tetradecanoate 110-36-1 1-Methylethyl hexadecanoate 142-91-6 Acetamide 60-35-5 (a) CAS = Chemical Abstracts Service. v Contents Summary......................................................................................................................................................iii Acronyms and Abbreviations ...................................................................................................................... xi 1.0 Introduction......................................................................................................................................1.1 2.0 Overview of Approach.....................................................................................................................2.1 2.1 Data Base and Literature Evaluation...................................................................................... 2.2 2.1.1 Data Base Searches ...................................................................................................2.2 2.1.2 Literature Evaluation of Published Exposure Guidelines..........................................2.3 2.1.3 Use of Surrogate OELs..............................................................................................2.3 3.0 Toxicology Review..........................................................................................................................3.1 3.1 Toxicity Review Criteria........................................................................................................ 3.1 3.2 Minimal Data Sets.................................................................................................................. 3.1 3.3 Use of Surrogate Toxicity Data.............................................................................................. 3.2 4.0 Procedure for Calculating an AOEL................................................................................................4.1 4.1 Point of Departure .................................................................................................................. 4.1 4.2 Approach for Developing Exposure Limits for Non-Cancer Effects ..................................... 4.1 4.3 Establishing a NOEL Using Benchmark Dose....................................................................... 4.2 4.4 Format for this AOEL Document........................................................................................... 4.2 5.0 AOEL Documentation .....................................................................................................................5.1
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Transport of Dangerous Goods
    ST/SG/AC.10/1/Rev.16 (Vol.I) Recommendations on the TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS Model Regulations Volume I Sixteenth revised edition UNITED NATIONS New York and Geneva, 2009 NOTE The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. ST/SG/AC.10/1/Rev.16 (Vol.I) Copyright © United Nations, 2009 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may, for sales purposes, be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without prior permission in writing from the United Nations. UNITED NATIONS Sales No. E.09.VIII.2 ISBN 978-92-1-139136-7 (complete set of two volumes) ISSN 1014-5753 Volumes I and II not to be sold separately FOREWORD The Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods are addressed to governments and to the international organizations concerned with safety in the transport of dangerous goods. The first version, prepared by the United Nations Economic and Social Council's Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, was published in 1956 (ST/ECA/43-E/CN.2/170). In response to developments in technology and the changing needs of users, they have been regularly amended and updated at succeeding sessions of the Committee of Experts pursuant to Resolution 645 G (XXIII) of 26 April 1957 of the Economic and Social Council and subsequent resolutions.
    [Show full text]
  • Inhaled Nitric Oxide Therapy in Adults Benedict C Creagh-Brown, Mark JD Griffiths and Timothy W Evans
    Available online http://ccforum.com/content/13/3/212 Review Bench-to-bedside review: Inhaled nitric oxide therapy in adults Benedict C Creagh-Brown, Mark JD Griffiths and Timothy W Evans Unit of Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK and Adult Intensive Care Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, Sydney Street, London, SW3 6NP, UK Corresponding author: Timothy W Evans, [email protected] Published: 29 May 2009 Critical Care 2009, 13:212 (doi:10.1186/cc7734) This article is online at http://ccforum.com/content/13/3/221 © 2009 BioMed Central Ltd Abstract Administration of inhaled nitric oxide to adults Nitric oxide (NO) is an endogenous mediator of vascular tone and The licensed indication of iNO is restricted to persistent host defence. Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) results in preferential pulmonary hypertension in neonates, yet most iNO is pulmonary vasodilatation and lowers pulmonary vascular resis- administered for unlicensed indications. Pharmaceutical iNO tance. The route of administration delivers NO selectively to is available at a very high cost, and in light of this and ventilated lung units so that its effect augments that of hypoxic concerns over potential adverse effects of iNO, international pulmonary vasoconstriction and improves oxygenation. This guidelines have been developed. An advisory board under the ‘Bench-to-bedside’ review focuses on the mechanisms of action of iNO and its clinical applications, with emphasis on acute lung injury auspices of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Developments in our and the European Association of Cardiothoracic Anaes- understanding of the cellular and molecular actions of NO may thesiologists published its recommendations in 2005 [1].
    [Show full text]
  • S J. Braz. Chem. Soc., Vol. 22, No. 2, 352-358, 2011
    J. Braz. Chem. Soc., Vol. 22, No. 2, 352-358, 2011. Printed in Brazil - ©2011 Sociedade Brasileira de Química S 0103 - 5053 $6.00+0.00 Short Report Synthesis and Antileishmanial Activity of New 1-Aryl-1H-Pyrazole-4- Carboximidamides Derivatives Maurício S. dos Santos,a Adriana O. Gomes,a Alice M. R. Bernardino,*,a Marcos C. de Souza,a Misbahul A. Khan,b Monique A. de Brito,c Helena C. Castro,d Paula A. Abreu,d Carlos R. Rodrigues,e Rosa M. M. de Léo,f Leonor L. Leonf and Marilene M. Canto-Cavalheirof aPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Química Orgânica and dLABioMol, GCM - IB, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Baptista, 24020-150 Niterói-RJ, Brazil bChemistry Department, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100 Bahawalpur, Pakistan cLaboratório de Química Medicinal Computacional, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24241-000 Niterói-RJ, Brazil eFaculdade de Farmácia, ModMolQSAR, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 24020-150 Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil fLaboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos, IOC, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil A quimioterapia para as leishmanioses, doenças causadas por protozoários do gênero Leishmania, ainda permanece ineficiente em diversos tratamentos. Portanto, existe a necessidade de pesquisa por novos fármacos. Nesse trabalho, foram sintetizados derivados 1-aril-1H-pirazol- 4-carboximidamidas, avaliadas as atividades leishmanicida e os efeitos citotóxicos in vitro, e realizado um estudo de relação estrutura-atividade (REA) com a série de compostos. O composto 2 apresentou um perfil de atividade que pode ser melhorado através de estratégias de modificação molecular da química medicinal.
    [Show full text]
  • The Reactions of Ozone with Methyl and Ethyl Nitrites
    The Reactions of Ozone with Methyl and Ethyl Nitrites D. R. HASTIE, C. G. FREEMAN, M. J. McEWAN, and H. 1. SCHIFF* Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand Abstract The reactions of 0 3 with CH30NO and C2H 50NO were studied using infrared absorp­ tion spectroscopy in a static reactor at temperatures between 298 and 352K. Both reactions followed simple second-order kinetics forming the corresponding nitrate: (I) CHaONO + Oa ~ CH30N02 + O 2 (2) C2H 50NO + 0 3 ~ C2H 50N02 + O 2 The rate coefficients are given by 3 loglo k1(cm jmolec.sec) = (- 12.1 7 ± 0.23) - e3;.~0~ ~72) 3 loglo k2(cm jmolec·sec) = (- 15.50 ± 0.16) - C3:~0~ ~16) Introduction The methoxy radical CHsO is produced in the atmosphere as an intermediate in the photochemical qxidation of hydrocarbons and from the photolysis and oxidation of methane (1-3]. In the presence of nitrogen oxides NO", CHaO may be converted into the corresponding nitrite and nitrate, CHsONO and CHaON02 [3-5]. In spite of the potential atmospheric importance of methyl nitrite, few quantitative studies of its chemistry have been published although the photolysis [3], pyrolysis [6], and bond dissociation (7] processes have been investigated. We report here measurements of the rate coefficients k1 and k 2 for the reactions of methyl and ethyl nitrites with ozone at several temperatures in the range of 298-352K. (I) CH30NO + Oa ~ CHaON02 + O 2 + 19B kJ (2) C 2H.ONO + Oa ~ C 2H.ON02 + O 2 + 195 kJ * Erskine Visiting Professor. Permanent address: York University, Downsview, Ontario, Canada.
    [Show full text]
  • Pneumocystis Pneumonia and Disseminated
    1614 BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL VOLUmE 286 21 MAY 1983 Br Med J (Clin Res Ed): first published as 10.1136/bmj.286.6378.1614-a on 21 May 1983. Downloaded from Pneumocystis pneumonia and discussions, and Dr B Jameson and Dr D G Fleck for their valuable assistance disseminated toxoplasmosis in a with the pneumocystis and toxoplasma serology. Ammann A, Cowan M, Wara D, et al. Possible transfusion-associated male homosexual acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-California. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 1982;31 :652-4. 2 Du Bois RM, Branthwaite MA, Mikhail JR, et al. Primary pneumocystis Within the past two years 788 cases of the apparently new and carinii and cytomegalovirus infections. Lancet 1981 ;ii: 1339. potentially lethal syndrome of acquired immune deficiency have been Oswald GA, Theodossi A, Gazzard BG, et al. Attempted immune stimula- reported in the United States.' Only three cases have been reported in tion in the "gay compromise syndrome." Br MedJ' 1982;285:1082. the United Kingdom.2-4 We report a case in a previously healthy 37 4 Maurice PDL, Smith NP, Pinching AJ. Kaposi's sarcoma with benign course in a homosexual. Lancet 1982;i:571. year old male homosexual who was initially diagnosed and treated for Task force on acquired immune deficiency syndrome, Centers for Disease pneumocystis pneumonia and subsequently died of widespread Control. Update on acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)- toxoplasmosis. United States. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 1982;31:507-14. (Accepted 4 March 1983) Case report The patient presented with an eight week history of malaise, non-produc- Departments of Microbiology and Medicine, St Thomas's Hospital, tive cough, night sweats, diarrhoea, anorexia, and weight loss.
    [Show full text]
  • Amyl Nitrite Or 'Jungle Juice'
    Young People and Other Drugs Amyl Nitrite or ‘Jungle Juice’ Amyl nitrite is an inhalant that belongs to a class As with any drug, the use of nitrites is not risk-free. of chemicals called alkyl nitrites. This group of Some of the harms associated with its use include: drugs can be called ‘poppers’. They are often injuries related to inhaling the vapour referred to by their brand name, with ‘Jungle (e.g., rashes, burns) Juice’ probably being the most well-known of these. allergic reactions accidents and falls Inhaling amyl nitrite relaxes the body and gives vision problems (isopropyl nitrite) a ‘rush’ that lasts for one to two minutes. It is commonly used to enhance sexual pleasure and in rare cases, blood disorders induce a feeling of euphoria and well-being. MOST IMPORTANTLY, AMYL NITRITE OR JUNGLE JUICE MUST NEVER BE DRUNK. Drinking amyl can result in death due to it interfering with the ability of the blood to transport oxygen. What is amyl nitrite? Over the years, to bypass legal restrictions, nitrites have been sold as such things as liquid incense or Amyl nitrite is an inhalant that belongs to a class of room odoriser. Jungle Juice, which can be sold as chemicals called alkyl nitrites. Amyl nitrite is a highly a leather cleaner, is a common product name of flammable liquid that is clear or yellowish in colour. amyl nitrite. It has a unique smell that is sometimes described as ‘dirty socks’. It is highly volatile and when exposed to the air evaporates almost immediately at How is Jungle Juice used? room temperature.
    [Show full text]
  • Aldrich Raman
    Aldrich Raman Library Listing – 14,033 spectra This library represents the most comprehensive collection of FT-Raman spectral references available. It contains many common chemicals found in the Aldrich Handbook of Fine Chemicals. To create the Aldrich Raman Condensed Phase Library, 14,033 compounds found in the Aldrich Collection of FT-IR Spectra Edition II Library were excited with an Nd:YVO4 laser (1064 nm) using laser powers between 400 - 600 mW, measured at the sample. A Thermo FT-Raman spectrometer (with a Ge detector) was used to collect the Raman spectra. The spectra were saved in Raman Shift format. Aldrich Raman Index Compound Name Index Compound Name 4803 ((1R)-(ENDO,ANTI))-(+)-3- 4246 (+)-3-ISOPROPYL-7A- BROMOCAMPHOR-8- SULFONIC METHYLTETRAHYDRO- ACID, AMMONIUM SALT PYRROLO(2,1-B)OXAZOL-5(6H)- 2207 ((1R)-ENDO)-(+)-3- ONE, BROMOCAMPHOR, 98% 12568 (+)-4-CHOLESTEN-3-ONE, 98% 4804 ((1S)-(ENDO,ANTI))-(-)-3- 3774 (+)-5,6-O-CYCLOHEXYLIDENE-L- BROMOCAMPHOR-8- SULFONIC ASCORBIC ACID, 98% ACID, AMMONIUM SALT 11632 (+)-5-BROMO-2'-DEOXYURIDINE, 2208 ((1S)-ENDO)-(-)-3- 97% BROMOCAMPHOR, 98% 11634 (+)-5-FLUORODEOXYURIDINE, 769 ((1S)-ENDO)-(-)-BORNEOL, 99% 98+% 13454 ((2S,3S)-(+)- 11633 (+)-5-IODO-2'-DEOXYURIDINE, 98% BIS(DIPHENYLPHOSPHINO)- 4228 (+)-6-AMINOPENICILLANIC ACID, BUTANE)(N3-ALLYL)PD(II) CL04, 96% 97 8167 (+)-6-METHOXY-ALPHA-METHYL- 10297 ((3- 2- NAPHTHALENEACETIC ACID, DIMETHYLAMINO)PROPYL)TRIPH 98% ENYL- PHOSPHONIUM BROMIDE, 12586 (+)-ANDROSTA-1,4-DIENE-3,17- 99% DIONE, 98% 13458 ((R)-(+)-2,2'- 963 (+)-ARABINOGALACTAN BIS(DIPHENYLPHOSPHINO)-1,1'-
    [Show full text]
  • ATSDR Case Studies in Environmental Medicine Nitrate/Nitrite Toxicity
    ATSDR Case Studies in Environmental Medicine Nitrate/Nitrite Toxicity Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Case Studies in Environmental Medicine (CSEM) Nitrate/Nitrite Toxicity Course: WB2342 CE Original Date: December 5, 2013 CE Expiration Date: December 5, 2015 Key • Nitrate toxicity is a preventable cause of Concepts methemoglobinemia. • Infants younger than 4 months of age are at particular risk of nitrate toxicity from contaminated well water. • The widespread use of nitrate fertilizers increases the risk of well-water contamination in rural areas. About This This educational case study document is one in a series of and Other self-instructional modules designed to increase the primary Case Studies care provider’s knowledge of hazardous substances in the in environment and to promote the adoption of medical Environmen- practices that aid in the evaluation and care of potentially tal Medicine exposed patients. The complete series of Case Studies in Environmental Medicine is located on the ATSDR Web site at URL: http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/csem/csem.html In addition, the downloadable PDF version of this educational series and other environmental medicine materials provides content in an electronic, printable format. Acknowledgements We gratefully acknowledge the work of the medical writers, editors, and reviewers in producing this educational resource. Contributors to this version of the Case Study in Environmental Medicine are listed below. Please Note: Each content expert for this case study has indicated that there is no conflict of interest that would bias the case study content. CDC/ATSDR Author(s): Kim Gehle MD, MPH CDC/ATSDR Planners: Charlton Coles, Ph.D.; Kimberly Gehle, MD; Sharon L.
    [Show full text]
  • Current Advances of Nitric Oxide in Cancer and Anticancer Therapeutics
    Review Current Advances of Nitric Oxide in Cancer and Anticancer Therapeutics Joel Mintz 1,†, Anastasia Vedenko 2,†, Omar Rosete 3 , Khushi Shah 4, Gabriella Goldstein 5 , Joshua M. Hare 2,6,7 , Ranjith Ramasamy 3,6,* and Himanshu Arora 2,3,6,* 1 Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, FL 33328, USA; [email protected] 2 John P Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; [email protected] (A.V.); [email protected] (J.M.H.) 3 Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; [email protected] 4 College of Arts and Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33146, USA; [email protected] 5 College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; [email protected] 6 The Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA 7 Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA * Correspondence: [email protected] (R.R.); [email protected] (H.A.) † These authors contributed equally to this work. Abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) is a short-lived, ubiquitous signaling molecule that affects numerous critical functions in the body. There are markedly conflicting findings in the literature regarding the bimodal effects of NO in carcinogenesis and tumor progression, which has important consequences for treatment. Several preclinical and clinical studies have suggested that both pro- and antitumori- Citation: Mintz, J.; Vedenko, A.; genic effects of NO depend on multiple aspects, including, but not limited to, tissue of generation, the Rosete, O.; Shah, K.; Goldstein, G.; level of production, the oxidative/reductive (redox) environment in which this radical is generated, Hare, J.M; Ramasamy, R.; Arora, H.
    [Show full text]
  • ET107, Dehydrated Alcohol, 200 Proof, Undenatured, USP
    Scientific Documentation ET107, Dehydrated Alcohol, 200 Proof, Undenatured, USP Not appropriate for regulatory submission. Please visit www.spectrumchemical.com or contact Tech Services for the most up‐to‐date information contained in this information package. Spectrum Chemical Mfg Corp 769 Jersey Avenue New Brunswick, NJ 08901 Phone 732.214.1300 Ver4.05 16.October.2020 ET107, Dehydrated Alcohol, 200 Proof, Undenatured, USP Table of Contents Product Specification Certificate of Analysis Sample(s) Safety Data Sheet (SDS) Certification of Current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) Manufacturing Process Flowchart Source Statement BSE/TSE Statement Allergen Statement EU Fragrance Allergen Statement GMO Statement Melamine Statement Nitrosamine Statement Animal Testing Statement Organic Compliance Statement Shelf Life Statement Other Chemicals Statement Elemental Impurities Statement Residual Solvents Statement General Label Information – Sample Label General Lot Numbering System Guidance Kosher Certificate Specification for Dehydrated Alcohol, 200 Proof, Undenatured, USP (ET107) Item Number ET107 Item Dehydrated Alcohol, 200 Proof, Undenatured, USP CAS Number 64-17-5 Molecular Formula C2H5OH Molecular Weight 46.07 MDL Number Synonyms Absolute Ethyl Alcohol ; Anhydrous Ethanol ; Ethanol ; Grain Derived Alcohol Test Specification Min Max ASSAY (by VOLUME) 99.5 % NOT MORE OPALESENT CLARITY OF SOLUTION THAN STANDARD NOT MORE INTENSE THAN COLOR OF SOLUTION STANDARD ACIDITY OR ALKALINITY SOLUTION IS PINK SPECIFIC GRAVITY @ 15.56oC 0.7962 UV ABSORPTION: 240 nm 0.40 250 - 260 nm 0.30 270 - 340 nm 0.10 ORGANIC IMPURITIES: METHANOL 200 μL/L ACETALDEHYDE AND ACETAL 10 μL/L BENZENE 2 μL/L SUM OF ALL OTHER IMPURITIES 300 μL/L LIMIT OF NONVOLATILE RESIDUE 2.5 mg ELEMENTAL IMPURITIES AS REPORTED IDENTIFICATION A 0.7962 SPECTRUM MATCHES IDENTIFICATION B REFERENCE IDENTIFICATION (C) LIMIT OF METHANOL 200 μL/L CERTIFIED KOSHER APPEARANCE EXPIRATION DATE DATE OF MANUFACTURE RESIDUAL SOLVENTS AS REPORTED CLASS 3 (solvent) / 1-PROPANOL .
    [Show full text]
  • Development of Fluorescent Sensors for Reactive Nitrogen Species Like Nitric Oxide and Nitrite Ion Kanhu Charan Rout a Dissertat
    Development of fluorescent sensors for reactive nitrogen species like nitric oxide and nitrite ion A Dissertation submitted to the Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati as Partial fulfillment for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Chemistry Submitted by Kanhu Charan Rout (Roll No. 10612216) Supervisor Prof. Biplab Mondal Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati July, 2015 Dedicated to my family and friends 2 TH-1432_10612216 Statement I hereby declare that this thesis entitled “Development of fluorescent sensors for reactive nitrogen species like nitric oxide and nitrite ion ” is the outcome of research work carried out by me under the supervision of Prof. Biplab Mondal, in the Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, India. In keeping with the general practice of reporting scientific observations, due acknowledgements have been made whenever work described here has been based on the findings of other investigators. July, 2015 Kanhu Charan Rout 3 TH-1432_10612216 Certificate This is to certify that Mr Kanhu Charan Rout has been working under my supervision since July, 2010 as a regular Ph. D. Student in the Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati. I am forwarding his thesis entitled “Development of fluorescent sensors for reactive nitrogen species like nitric oxide and nitrite ion” being submitted for the Ph. D. degree. I certify that he has fulfilled all the requirements according to the rules of this institute regarding the investigations embodied in his thesis and this work has not been submitted elsewhere for a degree. July, 2015 Biplab Mondal 4 TH-1432_10612216 Acknowledgements I would like to thank my supervisor, Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • The Thermal Decomposition of Nitrate Esters. I. Ethyl Nitratel
    3254 JOSEPH B. LEVY Vol. 7G [COSTRIBUTIOS FROM THEEXPLOSIVES RESEARCH DEPARTMENT, u. s. YAVAL ORDNANCE LABORATORY] The Thermal Decomposition of Nitrate Esters. I. Ethyl Nitratel BY JOSEPH B. LEVY RECEIVEDAGGUST 11, 1953 The thermal decomposition of gaseous ethyl nitrate has been studied at 161-201" at pressures of a few cm. An analytical technique has been developed using the absorption spectra in the infrared and visible regions which has made it possible to follow the disappearance of ethyl nitrate directly. It has been found that ethyl nitrite is a major product of the reaction and that methyl nitrite and nitromethane are formed in minor amounts. The formation of nitrogen dioxide and nitric oxide as reported by others has also been observed using the optical techniques. The variations with time of ethyl nitrate, ethyl nitrite aud nitrogen dioxide have been followed quantitatively. Some semi-quantitative data have also been found for nitric oxide and nitromethane. The mechanism for nitrate ester decomposition is examined in the light of the results found and qome revisions suggested Introduction nitrate was obtained optically by transferring the contents of one bulb to an infrared cell without any heating period. The thermal decomposition of nitrate esters in Time mas counted from the immersion of the bulbs in the the gas phase has been the subject of much kinetic thermostat to their quenching in the cold water-bath. Both study by manometric Because of operations took only a few seconds. The time required fo: the bulbs to attain bath temperature was measured at 181 the complex nature of the reaction it was felt that by immersing a bulb filled with air at about 40 mm.
    [Show full text]