Miruna Dencescu 4ºB
FRANCISCO DE GOYA
BIOGRAPHY He was born in 1746 in Fuendetodos, Zaragoza and died in 1828 in Bordeaux, France. He is considered the most important painter of the Romanticism. He studied painting since he was 14 with painters such as José Luzán and Antón Rafael. He trained as a Baroque and Rococo painter and developed his own style. The themes of his art were mainly costumbrismo, religion and mithology. In 1775, he became court painter and did many portraits of the nobility or royal families of Spain. In 1793 he became deaf because of an illness. It influenced his art because he became more pessimistic and amphasised on the defects of the society and started using dark colors such as in the Black Paintings series. Goya also painted during wars such as the War of Independence and has a series called The Disasters of War. He identified with the liberal ideas of the French Revolution and went into exile in France after the Liberal Triennium, where he died.
A Pilgrimage to San Isidro (1819) one of the Black Paintings.
The Third of May (1808) one of The Disasters of Wars.
TECHNIQUES • Tapestry cartoons: paintings influenced by the Rococo (Late Baroque) which were happy, optimistic portraits of people or landscapes showing scenes from everyday life (Costumbrismo). Ex: Perros y Útiles de Caza. • Frescos: it is a technique in which paint is mixed with water. Paintings are painted directly on walls and not on in canvas. Ex: Real Ermita de San Antonio de la Florida. • Oil painting: it was a technique used for portraits and scenes. It consisted of using oils when painting. It kept the painting wet so colours could be mixed better. Ex: La Maja Vestida. • Prints: it was based on scratching a piece of a hard material and then the ink would go into the marks of the scratching and then it is put over a paper and the painting is done. With this technique, you could obtain more than one copy of a painting. Ex: Lo Mismo. Examples:
Perros y Útiles de Caza. Real Ermita de San Antonio de la Florida.
La Maja Vestida. Lo Mismo.
KINGS Goya was the court painter of Charles III and Charles IV.
La Familia de Carlos IV This is a portait of Charles III but it was not painted by Goya. GOYA THE PRECURSOR OF CONTEMPORARY ART IN SPAIN He is considered the percursor of Contemporary Art in Spain because of his expressive and original imagery. Also because he had his own style.
LA ERMITA DE SAN ANTONIO DE LA FLORIDA I have chosen La Ermita de San Antonio de la Florida. It belongs to the Contemporary Art because it is from 1800. I chose this one because the ermita was the king's property and I think that it is shocking that now people can visit this place and years ago it was of the king. Also because I like frescos and if you go there you will see the frescos painted by Goya in the same place he had been painting them and it is awesome. There you can see his frescos that represented parts of San Antonio de Padua's life but they are more original because Goya introduced people from other social groups.