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Of the European Mathematical Society NEWSLETTER OF THE EUROPEAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY Feature Feature Society Centres Three Stories of High Oscillation Mathematics at the Museum The BSHM Hausdorff Research Institute p. 18 p. 23 p. 34 p. 37 March 2013 Issue 87 ISSN 1027-488X S E European M M Mathematical E S Society Societies The British Society for the History of Mathematics Robin Wilson and Raymond Flood (Oxford, UK) The British Society for the History of Mathematics Leo Rogers (Digby Stuart College) on Relations between (BSHM) was founded in 1971 and currently has about the history and pedagogy of mathematics; 300 members from around the world. Its aims are: J. V. Pepper (North-East London Polytechnic) on Tho- - to promote and encourage research into the history of mas Harriot (1560−1621); mathematics and to disseminate the results of such re- Ivor Grattan-Guinness (Enfield College) on Literature search. and methodology in the history of mathematics. - to promote and develop for the public benefit, aware- ness, knowledge, study and teaching of the history of The ensuing discussion underlined the participants’ de- mathematics. sire for a society of this nature, and an interim committee - to promote the use of the history of mathematics at all was elected to draw up rules for the Society and convene levels in mathematics education in order to enhance a ‘foundation conference’ in about six months’ time. the teaching of mathematics for the public benefit. In spite of a couple of critical letters to the interim committee attacking the history of mathematics as a The first meetings credible academic discipline, this opening meeting duly The circumstances of the Society’s founding were de- took place at Thames Polytechnic on 17 December, with scribed by its first Secretary and later President, Dr John an audience of about forty people. A formal lecture on Dubbey (subsequently Vice-Chancellor of the Univer- Geometry from Riemann to Whitehead was presented by sity of Malawi) [1]: Prof. George Temple FRS, Emeritus Professor of Oxford University and a former President of the London Math- The idea of a Society for the History of Mathematics ematical Society. To run the Society a committee was was initiated by the late Arthur Morley (the Society’s elected, consisting of the members of the interim group first treasurer). He had read my book The Development (Dr Gerald Whitrow as President, Dr John Dubbey as of modern mathematics (Butterworth 1970) and sug- Secretary, and Mr Arthur Morley as Treasurer), together gested we meet to consider the formation of a society. with Dr Margaret Baron (Stockwell College, London) and Dr J. D. North (University of Oxford). The annual They duly met in the buffet at St Pancras Station, London, subscription was set at £1. and agreed to convene an open meeting on the history of mathematics to see how much interest there would be. During the next year two meetings were held – on 20 May Dubbey continues: at the Nottingham College of Education, with speakers Henk Bos (Utrecht) on Differentials and higher differ- We approached Gerald Whitrow [of Imperial Col- entials from Leibniz to Euler, John Dubbey on Charles lege, London], who gave his enthusiastic support and Babbage, mathematician and computer pioneer, Ivor agreed to chair this exploratory meeting. This took Grattan-Guinness on Contiguous functions, and Stuart place at Thames Polytechnic [now the University of Hollingdale on The history of numerical analysis, and Greenwich] on 2 July 1971 with, to the surprise and on 15 December at the Polytechnic of the South Bank delight of the organisers, over fifty participants. (London), with the Annual General Meeting and two guest speakers: George Molland on Modes of description The purpose of the exploratory meeting was to discuss: of geometrical figures: Descartes and antiquity and D. T. - the existing situation in the history of mathematics, in Whiteside on Astronomical eggs, laid and unlaid, in Ke- terms of research, literature, teaching, availability of in- plerian planetary theories. By this time the membership formation, etc.; had reached 142. - the value of studying the history of mathematics at uni- versities, polytechnics and colleges of education; Presidents of the BSHM - the formation of a national society concerned with de- 1971 Gerald Whitrow 1995 Steve Russ veloping the history of mathematics; 1974 Clive Kilmister 1997 J. V. Field 1977 John Dubbey 2000 Peter Neumann and the meeting began with five lectures: 1980 Graham Flegg 2003 June Barrow-Green John Dubbey (Thames Polytechnic) on The history of 1983 Frank Smithies 2006 Raymond Flood mathematics in universities and polytechnics; 1986 Ivor Grattan-Guinness 2009 Tony Mann Arthur Morley (Nottingham College of Education) on 1989 Eric Aiton 2012 Robin Wilson The history of mathematics in colleges of education; 1992 John Fauvel 34 EMS Newsletter March 2013 Societies The Society’s activities Joint meetings The ensuing years experienced a great increase in both Like the 2012 residential meetings in Oxford, several of the number and scope of the BSHM’s activities. the Society’s most successful meetings have been collab- orations with other societies or institutions: early joint Residential meetings meetings included The history of mathematics education The first weekend meeting of the Society took place in England, 1800–1914 (with the British Society for the in September 1973 at St Hugh’s College, Oxford Uni- History of Science) and Mathematics, history and the dis- versity. This gathering was so successful that residential tance learner (with the Open University). The year 2000 meetings soon became a regular feature in the Society’s saw the beginning of a highly popular series of joint lec- programme. In the 1970s residential meetings took place tures with Gresham College (London) by distinguished at a college in Birmingham and at the Universities of historians of mathematics; these annual lectures can all York, Nottingham, and Cambridge. At first each meet- be viewed on the Gresham College website (www.gre- ing covered a diverse range of topics, but in 1979 the sham.ac.uk). BSHM returned to Oxford (Pembroke College) for its In 2013, in addition to an afternoon of lectures on the first themed weekend, onGeometry and physical theory, History of computing at Gresham College, the Society’s 1630–1930. programme includes one-day joint meetings on Jacob These single-topic weekends continued into the 1980s Bernoulli (with the Royal Statistical Society), commemo- with residential meetings on the History of computing and rating the tercentenary of his Ars Conjectandi, and Lewis algebra, Mathematics education, Renaissance mathemat- Carroll, mathematician (with the Lewis Carroll Society ics, History of probability and statistics, and From Fourier and the Birmingham and Midland Institute). to fractals, and have been held, usually once a year, ever Over the years the BSHM have held meetings jointly since. In 2012 there were two residential meetings, both with the London and Edinburgh Mathematical Societies, in conjunction with the Oxford University’s Department the Mathematical Association, the Royal Meteorological for Continuing Education – Turing’s worlds, celebrating Society, the Wellcome Trust, the Institute of Electrical the centenary of Alan Turing’s birth, and Mathematicians Engineers, the British Societies for the History of Sci- and their gods, on historical connections between mathe- ence, of Philosophy, and of Alchemy and Chemistry, and matics and religion – and in June 2013 the featured topic many other organisations. is Geometry: from Euclid to Einstein. Speakers Regular meetings The BSHM has always tried to include a wide variety of As can be seen from the previous paragraph, there was speakers at its meetings – whether professional math- an increasing variety in the topics covered in the Soci- ematicians, professional historians (of mathematics or ety’s activities. Among the many one-day meetings in otherwise), teachers, or popularisers of mathematics. the 1970s and 1980s were gatherings on Babylonian Distinguished professional British mathematicians have and Egyptian mathematics, Calculating engines, Women included Sir Michael Atiyah, Sir Hermann Bondi and Sir mathematicians, The history of logic, Three founders of Michael Berry, while the popularisers have included Ian electromagnetism (Ampere, Faraday and Maxwell), and Stewart and Simon Singh. Music, perspective and mathematics. The early London While he was President, Ivor Grattan-Guinness, a meetings took place in places ranging from the British major figure on the international history of mathemat- Museum, Science Museum and the Institute of Physics, ics scene, emphasised the importance of having speak- while outside the capital our meetings were held at the ers from outside the UK, and since then European and Universities of Oxford, Cambridge, Birmingham, War- American speakers (in particular) have featured regu- wick, Keele and Newcastle and the Open University. larly: the former have included Henk Bos (Netherlands), Several of the Society’s meetings have involved visits to Evelyn Barbin and Jean Dhombres (France), Sergei museums and libraries, and every year ends with an en- Demidov (Russia), Umberto Bottazzini and Fulvia joyable Christmas meeting featuring a mixed selection of Furinghetti (Italy) and Eberhard Knobloch and Detlef talks proposed by the Society’s President. Laugwitz (Germany), while speakers from America have Like last year’s Turing weekend, many BSHM meet- included Karen Parshall, Joe Dauben, Wilbur Knorr, ings
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