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Abbreviations Abbreviations ACP African, Caribbean and Pacific FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of APRM African Peer Review Mechanism the United Nations ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian G7 Group of Seven countries Nations BRICS Brazil, Russian Federation, India, G8 Group of Eight countries China and South Africa G20 Group of Twenty countries CCA Common country assessment G77 Group of Seventy-Seven countries CDM Clean development mechanism (of the GATS General Agreement on Trade in Kyoto Protocol to UNFCCC) Services CEMAC Economic and Monetary Community GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and of Central Africa CER Certified emissions reductions Trade (subsumed by the World Trade (Kyoto Protocol to UNFCCC) Organization) CIPIH Commission on Intellectual Property GDP Gross domestic product Rights, Innovation and Public Health GNI Gross national income (WHO) GNP Gross national product COP Conference of the Parties to UNFCCC GSP Generalized System of Preferences CPIA Country Policy and Institutional HDI Human Development Index Assessment (World Bank) HIPC Heavily Indebted Poor Countries DAC Development Assistance Committee (Initiative) (of OECD) HFCs Hydrofluorocarbons DBS Direct budget support IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction DFID Department for International and Development Development of the United Kingdom IBSA India, Brazil and South Africa DRF Debt-reduction Facility (of IDA) ICESCR International Covenant on Economic, DSF Debt Sustainability Framework Social and Cultural Rights for low-income countries ICCPR International Covenant on Civil (World Bank-IMF) and Political Rights EAC East African Community ECA United Nations Economic Commission ICT Information and communications for Africa technology ECE United Nations Economic Commission ICTSD International Centre for Trade and for Europe Sustainable Development ECOWAS Economic Community of West African IDA International Development Association States of the World Bank EPA Economic partnership agreement IDB Inter-American Development Bank xxii REALIZING THE RIGHT TO DEVELOPMENT IFAD International Fund for Agricultural SDR Special Drawing Rights (IMF) Development SWAps Sector-wide approaches IFC International Finance Corporation TNC Transnational corporation ILO International Labour Organization TRIMS Trade-related investment measures IMF International Monetary Fund (WTO) LDC Least developed country TRIPS Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects MDGs Millennium Development Goals of Intellectual Property Rights (WTO) MDRI Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative TPRM Trade Policy Review Mechanism MERCOSUR Common Market of the South (WTO) MIGA Multilateral Investment Guarantee UNASUR Union of South American Nations Agency (IFC) UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade NAFTA North American Free Trade and Development Agreement UNCTC United Nations Centre on NEPAD New Partnership for Africa’s Transnational Corporations Development (now part of UNCTAD) NGO Non-governmental organization UNDAF United Nations Development NPoA National programme of action Assistance Framework (APRM) UNDP United Nations Development OAS Organization of American States Programme ODA Official development assistance UNEP United Nations Environment Programme OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization OHCHR Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change PFCs Perfluorocarbons UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund PFM Public Financial Management WHO World Health Organization PPP Purchasing power parity WIPO World Intellectual Property PRS Poverty reduction strategy Organization PRSP Poverty reduction strategy paper WFC World Food Council (suspended in REC Regional economic community 1993; functions absorbed by FAO) (African Union) WFP World Food Programme SACU Southern African Customs Union WTO World Trade Organization SADC Southern African Development Community References to dollars ($) are to United States dollars..
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