Jenaer Glas, Bauhaus Und Die Küche Als Labor

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Jenaer Glas, Bauhaus Und Die Küche Als Labor JENAER GLAS, BAUHAUS UND DIE KÜCHE ALS LABOR DURCHBLICK. JENAER GLAS, BAUHAUS UND DIE KÜCHE ALS LABOR A CLEAR VISION. JENA GLASS, BAUHAUS AND THE KITCHEN AS LABORATORY Walter Scheiffele er Das Bauhaus und das Jena Glas ..................................................................................................................... 4 The Bauhaus and Jena Glass ............................................................................................................................ 5 Angelika Steinmetz-Oppelland Schott und das Bauhaus ................................................................................................................................ 26 Schott and the Bauhaus ................................................................................................................................. 27 László Moholy-Nagy als Fotograf .................................................................................................................... 44 László Moholy-Nagy as a photographer ............................................................................................................. 45 Der neue Werbestil ....................................................................................................................................... 54 The new style in advertising ............................................................................................................................ 55 Walter Scheiffele er Das Jena Glas der Nachkriegszeit .................................................................................................................... 78 Jena glassware in the postwar period ................................................................................................................. 79 Künstlerbiografien ........................................................................................................................................ 114 Artists’ biographies ........................................................................................................................................ 115 Anmerkungen | Notes .................................................................................................................................... 118 3 DURCHBLICK A CLEAR VISION DAS BAUHAUS UND DAS JENAER GLAS THE BAUHAUS AND JENA GLASS ERSTE BEGEGNUNGEN Kunst und Industrie zu synchronisieren. Zeit will die Kunst in das Leben tragen, FIRST ENCOUNTERS BETWEEN Henry van de Velde was called to Wei- aprons of craftspeople, but in white ZWISCHEN KÜNSTLERI- Als der belgische Künstler Henry van de aber van de Veldes Gespür für die den MODERNISM IN THE ARTS AND mar in 1902 to reform the handicrafts coats, “to expose the structures and SCHER UND TECHNISCHER Velde 1902 nach Weimar berufen wird, Dingen innewoh nende Logik treibt INDUSTRIAL MODERNITY in the region of Thuringia and give skeletons and then subject them to 2 MODERNE um das Kunsthandwerk im Thüringer ihn schon weiter. Seinen Schülern und new impulses to the applied arts, which meticulous analysis and examination.” Raum zu reformieren und dem in der Schülerinnen, die nicht mehr in den Around 1900, a network of modernism were going through a crisis, he was well Van de Velde’s interest in the rational In vielen Parallelbewegungen bildete Krise sich befindenden Kunstgewerbe Schürzen der Handwerker, sondern in began to evolve in the form of many aware of the state’s two “global play- justification of form can be seen in sich seit 1900 zwischen den Städten neue Impulse zu geben, da übersieht er weissen Mänteln arbeiten, legt er nahe, parallel initiatives between the cities ers,” the optics workshop founded by anticipation of industrial form and was Weimar, Jena und Halle ein Netz- keineswegs die beiden „Weltfirmen“ im „die Gliederungen und die Gerippe of Weimar, Jena, and Halle, unfolding Carl Zeiss and Otto Schott’s glass works so strong that he initially met with dis- werk der Moderne, das über mehrere Lande, die optischen Werkstätten von bloßzulegen und sie darauf einer pein- its extraordinary impact over several in Jena. like in Jena’s cultural milieu, which was Jahrzehnte und alle gesellschaftlichen Carl Zeiss und das Glaswerk von Otto lichen Nachforschung und Prüfung zu decades and regardless of social dis- informed by the thinking of Nietzsche 2 Brüche hinweg eine ausserordentliche Schott. unterziehen.“ Das Interesse an einer crepancies. Important interconnections A reformist, Van de Velde opposed the (although Van der Velde himself had Wirkung entfaltet hat. Noch immer rationalen Begründung der Form, die within this network are still unknown. traditional hierarchy in the arts, accord- a remarkable penchant for the latter’s sind wichtige Verknüpfungen dieses Van de Velde wendet sich als Reformer schon die Industrieform erahnen lässt, Particularly the correlations between ing to which those disciplines relating irrational philosophy of life). Eugen Netzes nicht bekannt. Besonders die gegen die traditionelle Hierarchie der ist bei van de Velde stark, so stark, dass modernism in the arts and industrial to everyday life were thought to be of Diederichs, a Nietzschean, who like Van Verbindungen zwischen künstlerischer Künste, nach der gerade die Künste, er im nietzscheanisch geprägten Kultur- modernity, a specific characteristic of lower rank. “We cannot allow a divorce de Velde was involved in the founda- und industrieller Moderne, die ein die das alltägliche Leben berühren, milieu Jenas erst einmal auf Ablehnung that region, are difficult to reconstruct. in art that would result in assigning tion of the German Werkbund and was Spezifikum dieser Region darstellen, als nachrangig einstuft werden. „Wir stösst (obwohl er selbst eine starke one-sidedly ONE of its many manifesta- one of the most important advocates sind schwer zu rekonstruieren. können in der Kunst keine Scheidung Neigung zum lebensphilosophischen Besides the chemical and electri- tions and expressions a rank superior to of modernism, remarked about him zulassen, die darauf ausgeht, einseitig Irrationalismus des Philosophen hat). cal industries, Jena’s optical industry that of the rest; yet a divorce in the vi- derogatively in a letter to Elisabeth Die optische Industrie Jenas zählt neben EINER ihrer vielen Erscheinungs- Der Nietzscheaner Eugen Diederichs, numbered among the technologically sual arts between fine art and a second- Förster-Nietzsche: “too mathematical, der Chemie- und Elektroindustrie zu formen und Ausdrucksmöglichkeiten der wie van de Velde an der Gründung most advanced sectors at the time. rate, inferior, industrial art does not too cold.” 3 den technisch fortgeschrittensten Bran- einen höheren Rang vor den übri- des Deutschen Werkbundes beteiligt ist Long before Walter Gropius proclaimed pursue any other purpose.” 1 In those chen der damaligen Zeit. Lange bevor gen zuzuweisen; eine Scheidung der und einer der bedeutenden Verleger der the formula for an entire epoch – “Art days, artisanry sought to carry art into Walter Gropius die Formel einer ganzen bildenden Kunst in schöne Kunst und in Moderne ist, bemerkt in einem Brief an and technology – a new unity” – first everyday life, but Van de Velde’s sense Epoche, „Kunst und Technik eine neue eine zweitklassige niedere, industrielle Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche abwertend attempts had taken place between of the logic inherent in things propelled Einheit“, ausgibt, finden zwischen Wei- Kunst aber verfolgt keinen anderen über ihn: „zu mathematisch, zu kalt.“ 3 Weimar and Jena to synchronize art him further than that. He advised his mar und Jena erste Versuche statt, die Zweck.“ 1 Das Kunsthandwerk jener and industry. When the Belgian artist students, who no longer worked in the Die künstlerische Moderne: Henry van de Velde (1863 – 1957) Industrial Modernity: Founder Otto Schott (1851 – 1935) 4 5 DURCHBLICK A CLEAR VISION werkseigenen SINTRAX begonnen PROTOTYPES OF THE MODERN device, confronted them with problems. PROTOTYPEN DES MODERNEN habe. Für die fortgeschrittene Technik INDUSTRIAL PRODUCT: “We had to supply extremely compli- INDUSTRIEPRODUKTS: wird jetzt nach einer Form gesucht, die COFFEE MACHINE AND cated cleaning instructions, having KAFFEEMASCHINE UND TEE- diese eher kaschieren soll. Prausnitz TEAPOT initially been forced to clean countless KANNE über die Werksvariante: „Ihre gefällige funnels for our customers in our own 18 Form ist bestrebt, den Gedanken an The genesis of the Sintrax coffee laboratory, using sulfochromic acid.” Der Werdegang der SINTRAX-Kaffee- das chemische Laboratorium von dem machine teaches us a lesson about Therefore, the brownish sintered filter 19 maschine ist ein Lehrstück über das Familienkaffeetisch fernzuhalten.“ the collaboration between engineer to which the Sintrax owed its name Zusammenwirken von Techniker und Die Formulierung des Wissenschaftlers and designer. It illustrates not only was soon exchanged for a pressed glass Gestalter. Die Vorreiterrolle der Technik entstammt einer Vorstellungswelt, die the pioneering role of technology in strainer modeled after the glass tea bei der Entwicklung des modernen Arbeits- und Lebenssphäre noch streng the development of the modern mass strainer. Massenprodukts kann dabei ebenso voneinander trennt. Die künstlerische product, but also the peculiar reversal studiert werden wie ein eigentümlicher Avantgarde jedoch schlägt den entge- of roles between engineer and designer According to Prausnitz, the produc- Rollentausch zwischen Techniker und gengesetzten Weg ein. Sie träumt von in the evolution of the
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