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Memperkuat Konsep Dan Aplikasi REDD+ Di Indonesia Refining Memperkuat Konsep dan Aplikasi REDD+ di Indonesia Rekomendasi Kebijakan untuk Meningkatkan Efektifitas, Efisiensi, dan Keadilan Refining REDD+ in Indonesia Policy Recommendations for Increasing Effectiveness, Efficiency, and Equity Indonesia Task Force 2012 Universitas Indonesia University of Washington Henry M. Jackson School of International Studies i Universitas Indonesia University of Washington The Henry M. Jackson School of International Studies Refining REDD+ in Indonesia: Policy Recommendations for Increasing Effectiveness, Efficiency, and Equity Winter 2012 Faculty Advisers Professor Celia Lowe, University of Washington Professor Suraya Afiff, Universitas Indonesia Teaching Assistant Mia Siscawati Program Assistant Amira Waworuntu Task Force Members Nathan Anderson (Copy Editor) Henry Apfel (Coordinator) Sarah Boone (Editor) Sandi Halimuddin Emir Hartato Yeni Kristanti Ayu Nova Lissandhi Jared Moore Nataliya Piskorskaya Sari Damar Ratri Nety Riana Sari Rahardhika Arista Utama Lucas Simons Kristi Young Cover design and photo credits: Nathan Anderson ii Table of Contents Acknowledgements........................................................................................................................iv Preface...........................................................................................................................................vii Executive Summary.........................................................................................................................1 Sarah Boone Kesimpulan Eksekutif Dalam Bahasa Indonesia.............................................................................6 Nety Riana Sari Introduction....................................................................................................................................11 Sarah Boone Chapter 1: LandTenure..................................................................................................................19 Nathan Anderson, Henry Apfel, Emir Hartato, Rahardhika Arista Utama and Kristi Y oung Chapter 2: Good Governance.........................................................................................................45 Kristi Y oung, Sandi Halimuddin, Jared Moore, Nety Riana Sari and Sari Damar Ratri Chapter 3: Community Participation.............................................................................................66 Jared Moore, Nathan Anderson, Y eni Kristanti, Nataliya Piskorskaya and Rahardhika Arista Utama Chapter 4: Knowledge Dissemination ..........................................................................................90 Nataliya Piskorskaya, Y eni Kristanti, Ayu Nova Lissandhi, and Sari Damar Ratri Chapter 5: Funding Mechanisms.................................................................................................120 Lucas Simons, Nathan Anderson, Henry Apfel and Nety Riana Sari Chapter 6: Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification...................................................................145 Emir Hartato, Henry Apfel, Sandi Halimuddin, Ayu Nova Lissandhi, Jared Moore, Sari Damar Ratri and Lucas Simons Chapter 7: International Community Participation......................................................................163 Sandi Halimuddin, Jared Moore, Nety Riana Sari, Lucas Simons and Kristi Y oung Conclusion...................................................................................................................................188 Nathan Anderson, Sandi Halimuddin and Emir Hartato Bibliography................................................................................................................................192 Appendix......................................................................................................................................207 iii Acknowledgements The authors of the REDD+ Indonesia Task Force would like to express their gratitude to the many individuals and organizations that generously provided their time, expertise, and understanding over the past months. Without their advice and guidance, this report could not have been written. We would like to thank the organizations, embassies, and departments that agreed to meet with us during our 2012 research Indonesia. ● Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) ● Epistema ● Flora and Fauna International ● Forestry Research and Development Agency ● Friends of the Earth Indonesia ● Greenpeace ● The Indigenous People Alliance of the Archipelago (AMAN) ● Katingan Peat Restoration and Conservation Project ● Kemitraan ● National Council on Climate Change ● The Royal Norwegian Embassy ● The Samdhana Institute ● Satgas REDD+ ● UN-REDD Programme Indonesia ● USAID-Indonesian Forest and Climate Support We would also like to thank the following speakers that met with us in Indonesia: ● Dr. Mubariq Ahmad, Senior Consultant/Advisor on Climate Change Policy, World Bank ● Mr. Patrick Anderson, Fellow, Samdhana Institute ● Ibu Laksmi Banowati, National Project Manager, UN-REDD National Programme in Indonesia ● Dr. Maria Brokhaus, Scientist, Forests and Governance Programme, Center for International Forestry Research, Bogor ● Pak Tachrir Fathoni, Director General, Forestry Research and Development Agency, Bogor ● Pak Dharsono Hartono, President Director, PT Rimba Makmur Utama ● Pak Yuyun Indradi, Political Forest Campaigner, Greenpeace, Jakarta ● Pak Darmawan Liswanto, Indonesia Programme Director, Flora and Fauna International ● Ibu Avi Mahaningtyas, Chief of Cluster, Environmental and Economic Governance, Kemitraan iv ● Dr. Moira Moelyono, Senior Associate, Forests and Governance Programme, Center for International Forestry Research, Bogor ● Pak Abdon Nababan, General Secretary, The Indigenous People Alliance of the Archipelago (AMAN) ● Mr. Alfred Nakatsuma, Regional Environmental Advisor, United States Agency for International Development, Jakarta ● Pak Heru Prasetyo, Unit President, Secretary of the Task Force of REDD+ ● Dr. Joar Strand, Counsellor, Norwegian Embassy, Jakarta ● Dr. Doddy Sukardi, Secretary of Working Group on Land Use, National Climate Change Council ● Ibu Rini Sulaiman, Climate Change and Forestry Adviser, Norwegian Embassy, Jakarta ● Pak Teguh Surya, Head of the Department of International Relations and Climate Change, Indonesia Forum for the Environment ● Ibu Mina Susana Setra, Advocate of Foreign Affairs, The Indigenous People Alliance of the Archipelago We would like to thank in particular Indra N. Hatasura, Nani Saptariani, Eman Sulaeman (Emon) and Asep Suryana (Ceceng), from RMI in Bogor, Indonesia for facilitating our trip to Nyungcung Hamlet. In addition, we express our deep gratitude to Kang Diddy and our other hosts in Nyungcung for graciously opening their homes to us. The facilitation of our fact-finding mission to Indonesia was made possible by the contributions of: ● Center for Global Studies ● The Hellman Fund for Innovation and Excellence in International Studies ● The Henry M. Jackson School of International Studies ● International and Foreign Language Office of Postsecondary Education ● International Studies Program Discretionary Fund ● Maurice D. and Lois Schwartz Endowment for International Education ● Maxwell M. and Julia Fisher Endowment ● Office of Global Affairs ● US Department of Education In the Henry M. Jackson School of International Studies, we would like to thank: ● Sara Curran, Director, Center for Global Studies ● Wolfram Latsch, Associate Chair of the International Studies Program ● Tamara Leonard, Associate Director, Center for Global Studies ● Jane Meyerding, Program Coordinator, Center for Global Studies v We would like to extend our deepest gratitude to Mr. Todd Larson for evaluating this report. We appreciate the opportunity to present our ideas to a knowledgeable individual and learn from his critiques. This task force report would not have been possible without the tireless efforts of our instructors. We would like to thank Professor Celia Lowe for guiding our research and providing us with valuable and critical feedback. Our experience in Indonesia and the writing of this report would not have been possible without your guidance and understanding. We also extend our gratitude towards Professor Suraya Afiff. Your intricate knowledge of Indonesian forestry policies and activism was an invaluable resource in this research and writing process. We would also like to thank you for your efforts in scheduling and coordinating the many presentations and meetings that took place in Indonesia. We could not have accomplished all that we did without your tireless support. We would also like to acknowledge Mia Siscawati for the efforts she has devoted towards this report, from being a student intermediary to directing us towards valuable research sources. Your extensive knowledge contributed significantly to this report. In addition, we would like to recognize the efforts of Amira Waworuntu in providing valuable assistance to the task force during our research in Indonesia. Your logistical work enabled us to make the most of our fact-finding mission and for that we are grateful. Lastly, the students from the University of Washington would like to acknowledge the commendable efforts and enthusiasm of our Indonesian task force partners. REDD+ is an astonishingly complex issue, and we would like to formally applaud your resolve and success in writing this report in your non-native language. It has been our humble honor to work with and learn from all of you. vi Preface The authors of this report are comprised of undergraduates
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