Environmental Challenges and Current Practices in China—A Thorough Analysis
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Public Intellectuals Program
PUBLIC INTELLECTUALS PROGRAM The National Committee on United States-China Relations’ Public Intellectuals Program is designed to nurture a new generation of China specialists who have the interest and potential to play significant roles as public intellectuals. The goal of the program is to upgrade the quality of the American public’s understanding of China by strengthening links among U.S. academics, policymakers, and opinion leaders. The first three rounds of the program (2005-13) were funded with grants from The Henry Luce Foundation and The Starr Foundation. The fourth and fifth rounds of the program (2014-18) are funded by Carnegie Corporation of New York. Through a varied set of activities, the program helps twenty young American China scholars and other specialists deepen and broaden their knowledge about China’s politics, economics, and society, and encourages them to use this knowledge to inform policy and public opinion. The multi-year enrichment opportunity is intended to complement the fellows’ primary academic or professional positions. It includes two meetings in Washington focusing on the D.C.-based China policy community; a meeting in San Francisco; trips to China as a cohort; participation in National Committee programs as scholar-escorts; access to a media coach who can assist fellows in writing and placing op-eds; and a requirement that the fellows organize local public education programs. For more on the program, visit http://www.ncuscr.org/pip. PIP V FELLOWS: 2016-2018 Dr. Ang Yuen Yuen Assistant Professor, Political Science, University of Michigan China's political economy, China's bureaucracy, development strategies in emerging markets, complex systems, conditions for effective adaptation Dr. -
China's Healthcare System: Addressing Capacity Shortfalls
March 31, 2021 China’s Healthcare System: Addressing Capacity Shortfalls before and after COVID-19 Leyton Nelson, Policy Analyst, Economics and Trade Acknowledgements: Virgil Bisio, former Policy Analyst, Economics and Trade, contributed research to this report. Disclaimer: This paper is the product of professional research performed by staff of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, and was prepared at the request of the Commission to support its deliberations. Posting of the report to the Commission’s website is intended to promote greater public understanding of the issues addressed by the Commission in its ongoing assessment of U.S.- China economic relations and their implications for U.S. security, as mandated by Public Law 106-398 and Public Law 113-291. However, the public release of this document does not necessarily imply an endorsement by the Commission, any individual Commissioner, or the Commission’s other professional staff, of the views or conclusions expressed in this staff research report. ! Table of Contents Key Findings .............................................................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................ 1 Chronic Disease and Demographic Trends Strain China’s Healthcare System ......................................................... 1 As China’s Population -
Water Situation in China – Crisis Or Business As Usual?
Water Situation In China – Crisis Or Business As Usual? Elaine Leong Master Thesis LIU-IEI-TEK-A--13/01600—SE Department of Management and Engineering Sub-department 1 Water Situation In China – Crisis Or Business As Usual? Elaine Leong Supervisor at LiU: Niclas Svensson Examiner at LiU: Niclas Svensson Supervisor at Shell Global Solutions: Gert-Jan Kramer Master Thesis LIU-IEI-TEK-A--13/01600—SE Department of Management and Engineering Sub-department 2 This page is left blank with purpose 3 Summary Several studies indicates China is experiencing a water crisis, were several regions are suffering of severe water scarcity and rivers are heavily polluted. On the other hand, water is used inefficiently and wastefully: water use efficiency in the agriculture sector is only 40% and within industry, only 40% of the industrial wastewater is recycled. However, based on statistical data, China’s total water resources is ranked sixth in the world, based on its water resources and yet, Yellow River and Hai River dries up in its estuary every year. In some regions, the water situation is exacerbated by the fact that rivers’ water is heavily polluted with a large amount of untreated wastewater, discharged into the rivers and deteriorating the water quality. Several regions’ groundwater is overexploited due to human activities demand, which is not met by local. Some provinces have over withdrawn groundwater, which has caused ground subsidence and increased soil salinity. So what is the situation in China? Is there a water crisis, and if so, what are the causes? This report is a review of several global water scarcity assessment methods and summarizes the findings of the results of China’s water resources to get a better understanding about the water situation. -
China's Health System Reform and Global Health Strategy in The
Testimony China’s Health System Reform and Global Health Strategy in the Context of COVID-19 Jennifer Bouey CT-A321-1 Testimony presented before the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission on May 7, 2020. C O R P O R A T I O N For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/pubs/testimonies/CTA321-1.html Testimonies RAND testimonies record testimony presented or submitted by RAND associates to federal, state, or local legislative committees; government-appointed commissions and panels; and private review and oversight bodies. ChapterTitle 1 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. © Copyright 2020 RAND Corporation RA® is a registered trademark. Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions.html. www.rand.org China’s Health System Reform and Global Health Strategy in the Context of COVID-19 Testimony of Jennifer Bouey1 The RAND Corporation2 Before the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission May 7, 2020 hairman Cleveland, Commissioner Lee, and members of the Commission, thank you for inviting me to assess China’s pandemic-related issues regarding its public health C system, health care system, and global health strategy in the context of COVID-19. -
The Citizenship Advantage in Psychological Well-Being: an Examination of the Hukou System in China
Demography (2021) 58(1):165–189 Published online: 12 January 2021 DOI 10.1215/00703370-8913024 © 2021 The Authors This is an open ac cess ar ti cle dis trib uted un der the terms of a Creative Commons license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). The Citizenship Advantage in Psychological Well-being: An Examination of the Hukou System in China Qian Song and James P. Smith ABSTRACT Given that Chi nese mi grants with rural hukou sta tus are not consid ered full cit i zens in their ur ban des ti na tions, ru ral-ur ban hukou conver sion signifies full cit i zen ship at tain ment in urban China. We assess causal ef fects of three major types of ur ban hukou at tain ment—mer it-, pol i cy-, and fam i ly-based hukou con ver sion—on mi grants’ psy cho log i cal well-be ing in mid dle- and lat er-life. We fur ther ex am ine how hukou mat ters—how pe ri ods and hukou des ti na tions alter the values of spe cific urban hukou and their psy cho log i cal health im pli ca tions for in di vid u als. We use the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2015 data) and life history data (for 2014) for anal y sis. To as sess the ex tent to which the salmon ef fect contrib utes to es ti ma tion bias for migrants, we compare re sults from a sample with current migrants and one with cur rent and returned migrants. -
China Prioritising Environment
CHINA PRIORITISING ENVIRONMENT More Disclosure Needed To Match Rising Risks WATER ENERGY WASTE ENVIRONMENT CHINA PRIORITISES ENVIRONMENT: More Disclosure Needed To Match Rising Risks Environmental and water related risks have consistently been in the World Economic Forum’s Top Five Global Risks for the last eight years. Troublingly, climate change exacerbates these risks. Already their persistent and material impacts are shifting the regulatory landscape, which in turn is creating mainstream risks. It follows then that the finance sector should be working on identifying, valuing and managing these risks. While action to do this has started, the assessments are dependent on the underlying disclosure, which is still largely inconsistent and not decision relevant. China, recognising the immediacy of water and environmental risks is moving towards mandatory environmental disclosure for its exchanges for which it has a tentative 2020 deadline. Given this, we thought it was a good time to take stock on the E in ESG disclosure in China. This report provides an overview of this and breakdown, by energy, water and waste. It does this by analysing the disclosure of Chinese companies in six sectors from 2012 – 2015 from SynTao’s MQI database, which has over 10,000 CSR reports. Authors: Dawn McGregor, Yuanchao Xu, Quqing Huang & Zhong Honfu Graphic design: Charmaine Chang Published: May 2018 Copyright: © China Water Risk and SynTao 2018, all rights reserved Contact us For any enquiry, please contact: [email protected] or [email protected] China Water Risk (CWR) is dedicated to addressing business SynTao Co., Ltd. is a leading Beijing-based consultancy promoting and environmental risks arising from China’s limited water sustainability and responsibility in the Asian region. -
Evaluating Sectoral Water Risks
More GDP with less water and pollution 29 August 2018 Micro-level water-nomics: evaluating sectoral water risks NOT FOR RELEASE, PUBLICATION OR DISTRIBUTION © China Water Risk, 2018, all rights reserved Mainstreaming water as a financial risk … 2014 2016 Keynote & panelist Recognition by the Water Global policy alongside water International Journal arena with laureates IRENA & Rare Earths 2012 2015 2013 “We off-loaded our entire coal portfolio after sitting down with you” European fund “…when at HSBC, the no water, no power report was one of our signature pieces.” Using WEN to start a water-nomics Nick Robins, Co-Director, conversation in finance & UNEP Inquiry policymaking NOT FOR RELEASE, PUBLICATION OR DISTRIBUTION © China Water Risk, 2018, all rights reserved Macro & micro perspectives … NOT FOR RELEASE, PUBLICATION OR DISTRIBUTION © China Water Risk, 2018, all rights reserved Water risk for power sector… 1. SHADOW PRICING 3 2. EXPOSURE TO WATER STRESS WATER RISK VALUATION 3. REGULATORY RISKS APPROACHES COAL-5 POWER-5 SHENHUA ENERGY HUANENG POWER INTL 10 CHINA COAL DATANG INTL POWER ENERGY LISTCO’S YANZHOU COAL GUODIAN POWER DEV INNER MONGOLIA YITAI COAL HUADIAN POWER INTL DATONG COAL CHINA POWER INTL >70 14% 19% INVESTMENT THERMAL PROFESSIONALS COAL POWER OUTPUT GENERATION FROM ~50 INSTITUTIONS Others Others 86% 81% NOT FOR RELEASE, PUBLICATION OR DISTRIBUTION © China Water Risk, 2018, all rights reserved Investors say they are worried about risk … NOT FOR RELEASE, PUBLICATION OR DISTRIBUTION © China Water Risk, 2018, all rights -
Addressing Water Security in the People's Republic of China: the 13Th Five-Year Plan (2016-2020) and Beyond
ADDRESSING WATER SECURITY IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA THE 13TH FIVE-YEAR PLAN (2016-2020) AND BEYOND ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK ADDRESSING WATER SECURITY IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA THE 13TH FIVE-YEAR PLAN (2016–2020) AND BEYOND ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) © 2016 Asian Development Bank 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City, 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines Tel +63 2 632 4444; Fax +63 2 636 2444 www.adb.org Some rights reserved. Published in 2016. Printed in the Philippines. ISBN 978-92-9257-573-1 (Print), 978-92-9257-574-8 (e-ISBN) Publication Stock No. RPT168392-2 Cataloging-In-Publication Data Asian Development Bank. Addressing water security in the People’s Republic of China: The 13th Five-Year Plan (2016–2020) and beyond. Mandaluyong City, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, 2016. 1. Water security. 2. Water stress index. 3. Water–energy–food nexus. 4. 13th Five-Year Plan. 5. People’s Republic of China.I. Asian Development Bank. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by ADB in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. -
China's Looming Water Crisis
CHINADIALOGUE APRIL 2018 (IMAGE: ZHAOJIANKANG) CHINA’S LOOMING WATER CRISIS Charlie Parton Editors Chris Davy Tang Damin Charlotte Middlehurst Production Huang Lushan Translation Estelle With special thanks to China Water Risk CHINADIALOGUE Suite 306 Grayston Centre 28 Charles Square, London, N1 6HT, UK www.chinadialogue.net CONTENTS Introduction 5 How serious is the problem? 6 The problem is exacerbated by pollution and inefficient use 9 Technical solutions are not sufficient to solve shortages 10 What are the consequences and when might they hit? 14 What is the government doing? 16 What is the government not doing and should be doing? 19 Can Xi Jinping stave off a water crisis? 25 Global implications 28 Global opportunities 30 Annex - Some facts about the water situation in China 32 About the author 37 4 | CHINA’S LOOMING WATER CRISIS SOUTH-NORTH WATER TRANSFER PROJECT (IMAGE: SNWTP OFFICIAL SITE) 5 | CHINA’S LOOMING WATER CRISIS INTRODUCTION Optimism or pessimism about the future success of Xi Jinping’s new era may be in the mind of the beholder. The optimist will point to the Party’s past record of adaptability and problem solving; the pessimist will point out that no longer are the interests of reform pointing in the same directions as the interests of Party cadres, and certainly not of some still powerful vested interests. But whether China muddles or triumphs through, few are predict- ing that problems such as debt, overcapacity, housing bubbles, economic rebalancing, the sheer cost of providing social security and services to 1.4 billion people will cause severe economic disruption or the collapse of Chi- na. -
The Intergenerational Inequality of Health in China
The Intergenerational Inequality of Health in China Tor Eriksson Department of Economics and Business, Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University Jay Pan West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University Western China Research Center for Rural Health Development, Sichuan University Xuezheng Qin School of Economics, Peking University Contact information of authors: Tor Eriksson Address: Fuglesangs Allé 4, Building 2632/L111, 8210 Aarhus V, Denmark Telephone: +45-871-64978 Email: [email protected] Jay Pan Address: West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 610041 Telephone: +86-28-8550-1272 Fax: +86-28-8550-1528 Email: [email protected] Xuezheng Qin (corresponding author) Address: School of Economics, Peking University, Beijing, China, 100871 Telephone: +86-10-6275-7237 Fax: +86-10-6275-4237 Email: [email protected] Acknowledgements: We are grateful to the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 71103009), Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. 12JZD036) and the Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research for their financial support. The authors are responsible for all remaining errors. 1 The Intergenerational Inequality of Health in China Tor Eriksson Department of Economics and Business, Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University Jay Pan West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University Western China Research Center for Rural Health Development, Sichuan University Xuezheng Qin School of Economics, Peking University Abstract: This paper estimates the intergenerational health transmission in China using the 1991-2009 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) data. Three decades of persistent economic growth in China has been accompanied by high income inequality, which may in turn be caused by the inequality of opportunity in education and health. -
China's Water-Energy-Food R Admap
CHINA’S WATER-ENERGY-FOOD R ADMAP A Global Choke Point Report By Susan Chan Shifflett Jennifer L. Turner Luan Dong Ilaria Mazzocco Bai Yunwen March 2015 Acknowledgments The authors are grateful to the Energy Our CEF research assistants were invaluable Foundation’s China Sustainable Energy in producing this report from editing and fine Program and Skoll Global Threats Fund for tuning by Darius Izad and Xiupei Liang, to their core support to the China Water Energy Siqi Han’s keen eye in creating our infographics. Team exchange and the production of this The chinadialogue team—Alan Wang, Huang Roadmap. This report was also made possible Lushan, Zhao Dongjun—deserves a cheer for thanks to additional funding from the Henry Luce their speedy and superior translation of our report Foundation, Rockefeller Brothers Fund, blue into Chinese. At the last stage we are indebted moon fund, USAID, and Vermont Law School. to Katie Lebling who with a keen eye did the We are also in debt to the participants of the China final copyedits, whipping the text and citations Water-Energy Team who dedicated considerable into shape and CEF research assistant Qinnan time to assist us in the creation of this Roadmap. Zhou who did the final sharpening of the Chinese We also are grateful to those who reviewed the text. Last, but never least, is our graphic designer, near-final version of this publication, in particular, Kathy Butterfield whose creativity in design Vatsal Bhatt, Christine Boyle, Pamela Bush, always makes our text shine. Heather Cooley, Fred Gale, Ed Grumbine, Jia Shaofeng, Jia Yangwen, Peter V. -
China's Capacity to Manage Infectious Diseases
China’s Capacity to Manage Infectious Diseases CENTER FOR STRATEGIC & Global Implications CSIS INTERNATIONAL STUDIES A Report of the CSIS Freeman Chair in China Studies 1800 K Street | Washington, DC 20006 PROJECT DIRECTOR Tel: (202) 887-0200 | Fax: (202) 775-3199 Charles W. Freeman III E-mail: [email protected] | Web: www.csis.org PROJECT EDITOR Xiaoqing Lu March 2009 ISBN 978-0-89206-580-6 CENTER FOR STRATEGIC & Ë|xHSKITCy065806zv*:+:!:+:! CSIS INTERNATIONAL STUDIES China’s Capacity to Manage Infectious Diseases Global Implications A Report of the CSIS Freeman Chair in China Studies PROJECT DIRECTOR Charles W. Freeman III PROJECT EDITOR Xiaoqing Lu March 2009 About CSIS In an era of ever-changing global opportunities and challenges, the Center for Strategic and Inter- national Studies (CSIS) provides strategic insights and practical policy solutions to decisionmak- ers. CSIS conducts research and analysis and develops policy initiatives that look into the future and anticipate change. Founded by David M. Abshire and Admiral Arleigh Burke at the height of the Cold War, CSIS was dedicated to the simple but urgent goal of finding ways for America to survive as a nation and prosper as a people. Since 1962, CSIS has grown to become one of the world’s preeminent public policy institutions. Today, CSIS is a bipartisan, nonprofit organization headquartered in Washington, D.C. More than 220 full-time staff and a large network of affiliated scholars focus their expertise on defense and security; on the world’s regions and the unique challenges inherent to them; and on the issues that know no boundary in an increasingly connected world.