Operation and Monitoring of Parabolic Trough Concentrated Solar Power Plant Harsha Vardhan Amba University of South Florida, [email protected]
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University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 11-4-2015 Operation and Monitoring of Parabolic Trough Concentrated Solar Power Plant Harsha Vardhan Amba University of South Florida, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the Electrical and Computer Engineering Commons, and the Oil, Gas, and Energy Commons Scholar Commons Citation Amba, Harsha Vardhan, "Operation and Monitoring of Parabolic Trough Concentrated Solar Power Plant" (2015). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5891 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Operation and Monitoring of Parabolic Trough Concentrated Solar Power Plant by Harsha Vardhan Amba A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering University of South Florida Co-Major Professor: E. K. Stefanakos, Ph.D. Co-Major Professor: Wilfrido Moreno, Ph.D. Yogi Goswami, Ph.D. Date of Approval: October 22, 2015 Keywords: Sun Tracking, Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), Temperature sensors, Inclinometer, Solar radiation Copyright © 2015, Harsha Vardhan Amba DEDICATION To my loving family and friends for their patience and support. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work has been supported and funded by the Clean Energy Research Center (CERC) at USF. I express my most sincere gratitude to my advisors Dr. Lee Stefanakos and Dr. Wilfrido Moreno for their advice, guidance, and encouragement throughout this work. I am very thankful to Dr. Yogi Goswami for his tremendous help and serving on my thesis committee. Special thanks to Ms. Barbara Graham, Dr. Chand Jotshi, and Mr. Charles Garretson who were of great help during my stay in the Clean Energy Research Center. I would like to thank my friends Sai Bharadwaj and Janardhan for their help and encouragement throughout this project. TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES . iii LIST OF FIGURES . iv ABSTRACT................................................................................. vi CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Plant Operation . 2 CHAPTER 2 : SOLAR RADIATION AND CSP TECHNOLOGIES . 5 2.1 Introduction . 5 2.2 Solar Radiation . 5 2.3 Current CSP Technologies . 6 2.3.1 Parabolic Trough Systems . 7 2.3.2 Solar Tower Technology. 9 2.3.3 Linear Fresnel Collector Systems. 10 2.3.4 Stirlings Dish Technology . 12 2.4 Conclusion . 12 CHAPTER 3 : TRACKING SYSTEM DESIGN . 15 3.1 Introduction . 15 3.1.1 Module Tracking . 16 3.2 Tracker Design. 17 3.2.1 Calculating the Sun Path and Angle . 17 3.2.2 Rotating the Collectors to the Sun Angle . 19 3.2.3 Components Used . 19 3.2.4 Tracker Flowchart . 28 CHAPTER 4 : POWER PLANT OPERATION AND MONITORING . 30 4.1 Temperature Sensors . 30 4.1.1 Thermocouple . 30 4.1.2 RTD................................................................... 31 4.1.3 Thermistor . 31 i 4.2 Flow-Loop Hardware. 33 4.2.1 Flow Meters . 33 4.2.2 Pumps . 34 4.2.3 Valves . 34 4.3 Operation and Monitoring . 35 4.3.1 Field Monitoring . 37 CHAPTER 5 : CONCLUSION . 39 REFERENCES . 40 APPENDIX A: PLC PROGRAM . 41 ii LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1 Input and Outputs Tags for the PLC Program. 21 Table 4.1 Temperature Sensors Characteristics . 31 iii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1 Plant Layout (a) and DNI Data of the Location (b) . 3 Figure 1.2 USF Powerplant Schematic . 3 Figure 2.1 Solar Radiation . 6 Figure 2.2 Parabolic Trough Technology . 8 Figure 2.3 Solar Tower Technology . 10 Figure 2.4 Linear Fresnel Collector Systems . 11 Figure 2.5 Stirlings Dish Technology. 13 Figure 3.1 Functional Block of Solar Position Algorithm . 18 Figure 3.2 S7 1200 1214 CPU AC/DC/RLY . 20 Figure 3.3 CM 1241 RS 232 Module . 20 Figure 3.4 SM 1222 RLY Module . 21 Figure 3.5 T7-1-CAN Inclinometer (Adapted from [1]) . 22 Figure 3.6 CANA 232 Adapter (Adapted from [2]) . 23 Figure 3.7 Single Line Configuration of Inclinometer Network (Adapted from [2]) . 24 Figure 3.8 Parallel Line Configuration of Inclinometer Network(Adapted from [2]) . 25 Figure 3.9 Speed Controller of Motor . 25 Figure 3.10 Limit Switch . 27 Figure 3.11 DPDT Relay . 27 Figure 3.12 Tracker Block Diagram . 28 iv Figure 4.1 Resistance Temperature Detector Schematic . 32 Figure 4.2.