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Health and Safety Element Imilar to Many California Cities, San and Airport Safety

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Health and Safety Element Imilar to Many California Cities, San and Airport Safety 7 HEALTH AND SAFETY ELEMENT imilar to many California cities, San and airport safety. The discussion of fire Bruno faces a variety of health and hazards can be found with information Ssafety hazards from both natural and on the fire department, public safety, and man-made sources. This chapter provides emergency response services in the Pub- the policy framework for addressing geo- lic Facilities and Services Element of the logic hazards, potential seismic hazards, General Plan. flooding, hazardous materials, noise, 7-1 VISION 7-2 GEOLOGY AND SOILS The Health and Safety Element addresses preservation San Bruno is situated between the upland foothills of of life and property through the following key princi- the Santa Cruz Mountains and the low-lying flatlands ples: prevention of potential geologic or seismic hazards of the San Francisco Bay margin. Elevations range from through appropriate geotechnical analysis, and mitiga- 700 feet above mean sea level west of Skyline Boulevard tion during project planning and development; reduction to near sea level along Highway 101. of flooding hazards through stormwater system improve- ments and appropriate project design in high-risk areas; San Bruno lies within the physiographic region of Cali- and prevention of potential human contact with hazard- fornia referred to as the Coast Ranges geomorphic prov- ous materials through safety in the use, transport, and ince. Much of the Coast Range province is composed disposal of hazardous materials. The element also seeks of marine sedimentary and volcanic rocks that form the to reduce potential noise and safety impacts along trans- Franciscan Assemblage. The Merced Formation is com- portation corridors, including highways, railroads, and posed of sandstone, claystone, and siltstone. The younger San Francisco International Airport (SFO). Colma Formation is weakly consolidated, and consists of gravel, sand, silt, and clay. The eastern portion of the city is underlain by artificial fill material used to reclaim the Bay marginal tideland. Figure 7-1 illustrates the geo- logic and soils foundation of San Bruno. Geologic Hazards Geologic hazards that can affect San Bruno include expansive soils, ground failure (landslides), settlement, and erosion. Expansive soils possess a “shrink-swell” characteristic, which is expansion and contraction of fine-grained clay sediments from the process of wetting and drying. The Colma Formation, underlying east- ern San Bruno, is described as moderately expansive. Settlement is the depression of soils when a load, such Residential neighborhoods in the city’s western hills as a new building or fill material, has been placed on (top) feature steep topography, some of which is it. Settlement can be accelerated by earthquakes dur- susceptible to landsliding (bottom). ing groundshaking. Erosion generally occurs on steeper slopes, particularly where unnatural slope cuts and grad- ing have occurred. Both settlement and soil erosion have occurred and caused damage in the hillside neighbor- hoods in western San Bruno. 7-2 San Bruno General Plan FIGURE 7-1 GeologyFigure and 3.12-1 Soils Geology and Soils SHARP PARK RD Tm SK Y LIN 82 KJfs,fg E BLVD EL CAMINO REAL IN Qc COLLEG TERSTATE 280 Qaf E DR MONTGOMERY MONTGOMERY AVE FLEETW 35 O O D SNEATH LANE D R INTERSTATE 380 WALNUT EUCLID AVE ST SNEATH LANE R SAN BRUNO AVE EAST D BA YHILL KJfsr H U SAN BRUNO AVE WEST N AVE TIN KAINS G U TO S H Approximate contact of general EL C N IG H rock or alluvium type A Tm WA AVE M IN AVE Y O 101 Area containing deposit or REA KAINS S bedrock outcrop AN L BRU Qc NO AV E W CHERRY AVE Qac Alluvial deposits, sand and gravel (Quaternary) EST Qf SAN MATEO AVE LINDEN C Qaf Artificial; fills generally used to reclaim portions of R ELM E S CYPRESS San Francisco Bay tidelands. T Qf KJfs, M O AVE AVE O AVE Qf Artificial fill placed in during grading operations R JENEVEIN Qac AVE and covered by residential development (historic) D fg R Qc Colma Formation (Pleistocene) SKYLINE Qf Tm Merced Formation (Pliocene) AVE BLVD SAN FELIPE Qaf KJfs,fg Sandstone and greenstone of the Franciscan Qac Assemblage (Cretaceous/Jurassic) SAN ANSELMO E CRYSTAL S AV KJfsr Sheared Franciscan Assemblage bedrock PRINGS 35 City Limits Sources: Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone Map San AVE Francisco South, Montara Mountain Quads. EL CAMINO REAL Qac 10 0 500 1000 2000 Tm San Andreas acres FEET R e s e r v o i r 82 DYETT & B HAT I A Urban and Regional Planners Qc Ground stability is dependent on the slope and geology Other principal faults capable of producing significant as well as the amount of rainfall, excavation, or seismic ground shaking in San Bruno include the San Gregorio- activities. A landslide is a mass of rock, soil, and debris Hosgri, Rodger’s Creek-Healdsburg, Calaveras, Con- displaced down-slope by sliding, flowing, or falling. cord-Green Valley, and Pilarcitos faults. The Serra Fault Steep slopes and downslope creep of surface materials is a zone of reverse faulting that trends to the northwest, characterize areas most susceptible to landsliding. The approximately 3,500 feet east of the San Andreas Fault highest susceptibility to landsliding in San Bruno exists in San Bruno. The Serra Fault represents the contact in the upland areas east of Skyline Boulevard and west between the Merced and Colma Formations and marks of I-280, including Junipero Serra County Park. The the topographic boundary between the upland area west potential for landslides in this area is considered low to of I-280, and the flatland area to the east. Fault traces moderate with areas of higher potential, especially in the within the city are illustrated in Figure 7-2. hillside neighborhoods in western San Bruno. Suscep- tibility to landsliding could be greater in the Junipero The four major hazards associated with earthquakes Serra Park area due to the presence of undeveloped, nat- include fault surface rupture, groundshaking, ground ural slopes. Figure 7-2 illustrates areas of historic land- failure (landslides), and settlement. These hazards slide activity and landslide potential. Landsliding activ- are defined in the “Geology and Soils” section above. ity occurs most frequently during El Niño seasons, when Groundshaking, which may affect areas hundreds of heavy rains saturate soils and cause sliding on steep miles distant from an earthquake’s epicenter, is magni- slopes. During El Niño seasons, such as the 1997-1998 fied by loose unconsolidated soils. Liquefaction, the pro- winter season, the Public Works Department monitors cess by which water-saturated soils transform to liquid, areas of concern. is caused by groundshaking. Liquefaction potential is highest in the eastern areas of the city underlain by Bay Seismic Hazards margin artificial fills. The San Francisco Bay Area contains both active and potentially active faults. Earthquakes pose especially high risks to San Bruno because of the city’s close prox- imity to active faults with relatively frequent past move- ments. San Bruno straddles the San Andreas Fault and is approximately 18 miles southwest of the Hayward Fault. The San Andreas and Hayward faults are the two prin- cipally active, strike-slip faults in the Bay Area1. The San Andreas Fault is a major structural feature in the region and forms a boundary between the North American and Pacific tectonic plates. 1 Strike-slip faults exhibit displacement in a horizontal direction, but may also have a vertical component. 7-4 San Bruno General Plan FIGUREFigure 7-27-2 GeologicGeologic and andSeismic Seismic Hazards Hazards SHARP PARK RD SK Y LIN E 82 BLVD EL CAMINO REAL IN COLLEGE TERSTATE 280 DR MONTGOMERY MONTGOMERY AVE FLEETW 35 San AndreasO Fault Zone O D SNEATH LANE S D R a n B INTERSTATE 380 r u WALNUT EUCLID AVE ST n SNEATH LANE R SANo BRUNO AVE EAST D BA YHILL Fault trace (dashed where concealed F H U or uncertain SAN BRUNO AVE WEST N a AVE TIN KAINS G u U Boundary of Alquist-Priolo Earthquake TO H S EL C N l IG Fault Zone H A t AVE WA M S IN AVE Y O High to Very High Susceptibility of 101 REA Liquefaction e KAINS SAN L BRU r NO AV E W r CHERRY AVE Moderately Expansive Soils EST a SAN MATEO AVE LINDEN Areas Susceptible to Erosion C R ELM E F S CYPRESS T Flood Zone M a O AVE AVE O AVE R u Highly Susceptible to Landslides JENEVEIN l AVE D R t Moderately Susceptible to Landslides SKYLINE Z o City Limits AVE BLVD n SAN FELIPE Sources: Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone Map San e Francisco South, Montara Mountain Quads. Pampeyan, SAN ANSELMO E CRYSTAL S AV E.H., Geologic Map of the Montara Mountain P GS Quadrangle, San Mateo County, California, USGS RIN Miscellaneous Investigation Series, Map I-2390 35 1:24,000, 1994. Wagner, E.J., Bortungo, E.J., McJunkin, R.D., Geologic Map of San Francisco-San Jose AVE Quadrangle, California, 1:250,000, 1991. EL CAMINO REAL 0 500 1000 2000 10 San Andreas acres FEET R e s e r v o i r 82 DYETT & B HAT I A Urban and Regional Planners 7-3 FLOODING • Santa Helena and San Juan Avenues, as well as Mill- brae neighborhoods to the south. The San Mateo County Flood Control District is a Countywide Special District that was created by State Flooding occurs in these areas because of inadequate legislation in order to provide a mechanism to finance storm drains and low elevation, which subjects the areas flood control projects. The legislation requires that a to tidal influences. The City’s storm drain system does flood control zone be formed over an entire watershed not operate effectively at times of high tide combined and a proposed funding source be determined before a with heavy rain.
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