1882. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 1733 the marriage relation in Utah and other Territories of the United Saint Paul, Minnesota, accompanied by a joint resolution of the Legis States-to the Committee on the Judiciary. lature of Minnesota, for an appropriation of$30,000 for the purpose of By Mr. ALDRICH: The resolutions passed by a public meeting held removing sand-bars from the Mississippi River, which now obstruct :tt Wheaton, illinois, in favor of legislation for the suppressiOn of navigation at Saint Paul, and for preserving the levees at that 11olygamy-to the same committee. pla,ce-to the Committee on Commerce. By Mr. BARR: The petition of citizens of the fourteenth Congres Al·o, tile petition of W. F. Dickinson and 32 others, for the repeal sional district, praying for the passage of the bill to establish a of the tn.:x: on banks and the two-cent stamp on bank-checks-to the soldiers' home at Erie, Pennsylvania-to the Committee on 1\filitary Committee on ·ways and Means. Affairs. By Mr. THO~IAS UPDEGRAFF: The joint resolution of the Gen By Mr. BAYNE: The petitionsofW.D. Wood&Co. and202work eral Assembly of Iowa, relative to the Des Moines River land grant infl_men of McKeesport, of Alfred G. Lloyd and 63 other workingmen to the Committee on the Judiciary. of .t'ittsburgh, and of Livingston & Co. and 60 workingmen of Alle Also, memorial of the Legislature of Iowa relative to the improve gheny, in the State of Pennsylvania, praying for the passage of the ment of the navigation of the Missouri River-to the Committee on McKinley bill, fixingtherates of duty on manufactures of iron, steel, Commerce. &c.-severally to the Committee on Ways and Means. By Mr. UPSON: Papers relating to the claim of Elizabeth Gillock By Mr. BERRY: The resolution of the Board of Trade of San Fran to the Committee on \Var Claims. ci co, California, relative to the reduction of tax on manufactured By Mr. VAN AERNilf: Papers relating to the claim of Almira H. tobacco-to the Committee on Ways and Means. Thompson-to the same committee. Also, the petition of citizens of California for legislation to regu By Mr. VANCE : The petition of E. L. Bailey, for the estn.blish. late charges for railway transportation-to the Committee on Com ment of a post-routeft·om Red Hill to Hollow Poplar, North Carolina merce. to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. Also, the resolution of the Board of Trade of San Francisco, Califor The petition of Clara G. Scott was reported from the Committee nia, relating to fog-signal at Fort California-to the same committee. on Invalitl Pensions under clause 2 of Rule XXII, a.nd referred to the By Mr. BELTZHOOVER: The petition of the Book Trade Asso Conrmittee on 'Var Claims. ciation of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, against the passage of the Lill removing the duty of 25 per cent. ad valorem on newspapers, periodicals, and magazines-to the Committee on Ways and Means. By Mr. BRUMM: The petition of GeneralJ. K. Sigfried and others, SENATE. soldiers and sailors of the late war~.-,.urging the passage of the bill to e tablish a soldiers' home at Erie, .t'ennsylvania-to the Committee on Military Affairs. THURSDAY, March 91 1882. By Mr. DAVIDSON: The petition of J. L. McKinnon anc123fi others, Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. J. J. BULLOCK, D. D. citizens of Florida, for an appropriation for the improvement of La The Journal of yesterday's proceedings was read and approved. Grange Bayou-to the Committee on Commerce. By Mr. DEERING: Memorial of the Legisl:l.ture of Iowa, relative EXECUTIVE COMJ'.fUNICATIO~S. to tile improvement of the MissomiRiver-to tho Committee on Com The PRESIDENT pro tempo1'e laid before the Senate the followinu merce. message from the President of the United States ; which was referred Also, the joint resolution of the Legislature of Iowa, relative to ·to the Committee on Indian Affairs, and ordered to be printed. the Des Moines River land grant-to the Committee on theJndiciary. Also, memorial and joint resolution of the General Assembly of To tlte Senate and House of Representattves: I transmit herewith a communication from the Secretary of the Interior, datoo Iowa, relative to the construction of bridges over thel\fissouri River the 6th instant, -with accompanying papers from the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, to the Committee on Railways and Canals. and draft of a bill to amend section 2135 Revised Sta.tutes. The subject is com. By Mr. GARRISON: 'l'he petition of citizens of Virginia, for an mended to the consideration of Congress. appropriation for dredging Quantico Creek, in the State of Virginia CHESTER A. ARTHUR. to the Committee on Commerce. EXECUTIVE MANSION, March 8, 1882. By Mr. HARMER: The resolutions of the Tobacco Board of Trade The PRESIDENT pro tempore also laid before the Senate the follow of Philaclelphia, asldng Congress to take tlefinite action relative to ing me sage from ilie President of the United States; which was re the tax on tobacco and cigars-to the Committee on Ways and ferred to the Committee on Naval A.fl:'airs, anti ordered to be printed: Means. To the Senate and. Hcn£Se of Representatives: Also, the petition of Lorenzo D. Bailey, for arrears of pension-to I tran mit a communication from the Secretary of the Navy, with a copy of a the Committee on Invalid Pensions. letter from the chief of the Bureau of Equipment and Recruiting and a draft of a By Mr. A. S. HEWITT: The petition of citizens of New York, in bill, recommending an increase of five hundred enlisted men for the naval service. favor of the passage of the bill (H. R. No. 3658) to create a channel The matter is commended to the consideration of Co ~sSTER A. ARTHUR. through the bar at Sandy Hook, New York-to the Committee on 0 Commerce. EXECUTIVE MANSION, March 7, 1882. By .Mr. JADWIN: The petition of D. N. Matthewson and 40 others, The PRESIDENT pro tempo1·e also laid before the Senate a com soldiers of the late war, praying for the pa-ssage of the bill to estab munication from the Secretary of War, transmitting a report of S. T. lish a soldiers' home at Erie, Pennsylvania-to the Committee on Abert, United States civil engineer, of a survey of the Potomac River, Military .Affairs. in the vicinity of Wa.shington, District of Columbia with reference By Mr. MOREY: Papers relating to the pension cl:l.im of Nancy to the improvement of navigation, the establishment of harbor lines, Tromsell-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. and the raising of the flats, made in complianc~ with the river and By Mr. NEAL: The petition of J. 0. Wilson and numerous other harbor act of March 3, 1!:!81; which was referred to the Select Com educators of the United States, in favor of the establishment of a free mittee to investigate the condition of the Potomac River ft·ont of national training-school for Kindergarten teachers-to the Commit Washington, and ordered to be printed. tee on the District of Columbia. The PRESIDENT pro tempore also laid before the Senate a commu By Mr. O'NEILL: The petition of William L. Curry Post No. 18, nication from the Secretary of War, transmitting, in compliance with Grand Army of the Republic, relative to the pension claim of Sarah section 229 of the Revised Statutes, a statement of the expenditures C. Haig-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. of the money appropriated for the contingent expenses of the military By Mr. PACHECO: Papers relating to the private land claim of establishment during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1881; which San Rafael de la Sanja, of Arizona Territory-to the Committee on was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs, and ordered to Private Land Claims. be printed. By Mr. PETTIBONE: The petition of C. H. Jones, for relief-to LAWRE~CE S. BRUMIDI. the Committee on War Claims. . . By Mr. PHELPS: Memorial of the General Assembly of the State 1\Ir. HOAR. I present the memorial of Lola V. Brumidi, who is of Connecticut, relative to a naval station at New London, in the the widow of the artist who designed the sketches for the fresco in State of Connecticut-to the Committee on Naval .Affairs. the Rotunda. As this is a brief memorial and is an interestint; one Also, the petition of Governor H. B. Bigelow and others, citizens in connection with the works of art in the Capitol I ask that 1t be of New Raven, and o:( E. J. Hill and others, citizens of Norwalk, read. Connecticut, in favor of a resurvey of Long Island Sound-seve The PRESIDENT pro tempo1·e. The memorial will be re::td if there rally to the Committee on Appropriations. be no objection. By Mr. SHACKELFORD: The petition of C. W. Woolen, of North The Acting Secretary read the memorial, a-s follows : Carolii:la, for relief-to the Committee on Ways and Means. To the Senate and House of Representatives of the Vnited States: By Mr. SIMONTON: The petition of citizens of Tipton and other Your memorialist respectfully represents that Constantino Brumidi, who for many counties in Tenne ee, for an appropriation to complete the improve years was en~aged in decorating t ..he Capitol, died testate in the city of Washing ton, and by his will~.-a copy of which is hereto annexed, gaYe to his son, {the son of lllents of t.he Hatchie River-to the Committee on Commerce. yonr memorialist,) Lawrence S. Brumidi, the desirns that be had long before pre· By Mr. STOCKSLAGER: The petition of citizens of New Albany pared for the frieze of the Rotunda, as will more fully appear by reference to said and of citizens of Leavenworth, in the State of Indiana, relative to will; that the only property of any material value ownea by said Brumidi at hW death consisted of these designs; that, as is well known, for some time before hi.'! the appli~ation of George Milson, Henry Spenclelow, and others, for death he was engaged in transferring these designs to the place in the Rotunda for an extenSJon of a pa.tent-severally to the Committee ou Patents. wllioh they w re iutended; • By Mr. STRAIT: The petition of the Chamber of Commerce of That since his death the United States has employed another artist to complete 1734 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE.
~aid work, who is now en~aged in th~ slll?-e, and is usiJ;tg the very ~ket~hes made by 1\Ir. FARLEY. In connection with the petition I offer the follow the said :Brumidi and which be b>: hiS will as aforesaid gave to his said son ; ing resolution, and ask for its immediate consideration: That after the' death of the said Brumidi your memorialist sent the said Law rence S. Brumidi, who had been in the life-time of his father studying as an.a.rti~t Whereas it is alleged that Daniel.McSweeny, a citizen of the United States, and under the teaching and supervision of the latter, to the Academy of Design m lately a resident of the State of California, while peaceably sojourning in England, Rome d which tlie father was educated, where he now is, but where he cannot has without just cause been imprisoned by the British GOvernment : remaht for want of pecuniary means unless he can utilize the said sketches, your Be it therejOTeresolved, That the Secretary of State be, and he is hereby, inRtructed memorialist being unable to furnish him the assistance necessary for his expenses. to ascertain the cause for the alleged imprisonment of the said Daniel McSweeny, Inasmuch as these designs were the private property of the said decedent, a.nd and make report to the Senate at the earliest day possible. by virtue of said will nowoelong to the said Lawre!lce, and inasmuch as the Goy er'llment is making use of the same, your memoralist prays that the value of sa1d The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The resolution is before the Sena to, sketches may be paid to the said Lawrence without unnel,()_tap~~l:B-kuMIDI. there bein~ no objection to its present consideration. The re otution was agreed to. Subscribed and sworn to before me the 9th day of March, 1882. W.M. T. S. CURTIS, The PRESIDENT pro tempore. What disposition does the Senator Notary PulJlic. desire to have made of the petition Y Mr. HOAR. I ask leave at this time as it comes within. the same Mr. FARLEY. The petition, I suppose, would probably go to the 1 Committee on Foreign Relations. I move that it be referred to that matter and ··will prevent my rising agam, to introduce a bill for the committee. relief of Lawrence S. Brumidi; and I desire that the bill and memo The motion wa-s agreed to. -rial shall go to the Committee on Public Building_s and Ground~. By unanimous consent leave was granted to mtroduce a bill (S. PETITIONS .AND lllEllfORIALS. No. 1426) for the relief of Laurence S. Brumidi; which was read Mr. 1\fcl\IILLAN presented afetition of citizens of the United twice by its title. States, praying that that part o the Fort Abercrombie reservation Mr. HOAR. I suppose it is not !rnproper to state for the infonl?a lying on the east side of the Red River of the North in the State of tion of the committee, that I am mformed on the highest authonty Minnesota be restored to the public domain for homestead and pre that this youth, whose father performed so valuable a service, is in emption purposes; which was referred to the Committee on Public Rome absolutely without the means of continuing his education. Lands. He has made the greatest persoll:.al sacrifices, living on a f~w pence a Mr. 1\IILLER, of California, presented a resolution of the Board of day, with great economy and m pove~, out of devo?on to the Trade of San Francisco, in favor of the establishment of a steam fog noble art to which he has consecrated himself. If the bill could be siren at Fort Point, the entrance to the harbor of San Francisco, reported and passed at once without any delay, it would enable the California; which was referred to the Committee on Commerce. young man to continue his education, and it seems to be a debt due He also presented a memorial of the Board of Trade of San Fran from Congress to the father. cisco, remonstrating against the proposed reduction of the tax on Mr. MORRILL. I believe that I am acquainted with all the facts manufactured tobacco; which was referred to the Committee on in this case. The accomplishments of Brumidi, I presume, are well Finance. understood and appreciated by all. For some considerable ?me He also presented a petition of appraisers of San Francisco, pray before he died he was employed by the Government at a per diem. ing for the creation of the office of appraiser-general; which was Whether these sketches were made during the time he was so em referred to the Committee on Commerce. ployed I am not entirely satisfied.. After his death an app;ro_Pr~a 1\Ir, CAMERON, of Wisconsin, presented resolutions in the nature tion was madeintended to reach this son, Law-rence S. Brunudi, but of a memorial adopted by the citizens of Waukesha, Wisconsin, pro it was intercepted in consequence of its having been ascertained and testing against the existence of polygamy in Utah, and praying legis brou~ht to the attention of authorities here that Brumidi had a wife lation for its suppression; which were referred to the Committee on and family living in Rome outside of the family he had her~, so that the Judiciary. the bill we passed, I believe, has never become effectual. This young Mr. SAUNDERSpresentedapetitionofcitizens of Antelope County. man I believe to be entirely worthy, and, so far as I am concerned, Nebraska, praying for an appropriation for the construction of a I should be very glad to do something in his behalf. bridge across the Missouri River above Omaha; which was referred 1\Ir. HOAR. The sketches are left by the father's will to this son to the Committee on Commerce. specifically. I mo>e that the bill an~ the_ac~ompanying memorial Mr. MITCHELL pre ented the petition of M. L. Drake and others, be refened to the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. late Union soldiers of Pennsylvania, prayin~ ~or the establishment The motion was agreed to. of a soldiers' home at Erie, Pennsylvania; wnich was refened to the DANIEL M'SWEENY. Committee on Military Affairs. Mr. FARLEY. I present a petition of citizens of San Francisco, REPORT OF COMMI'ITEES. and as it is short, I ask to have it read; and then I propose to sub Mr. HARRIS, from the Comrruttee on the District of Columbia, to mit a resolution in connection with the petition. whom was referred the bill (S. No. 1415) to provide for the closing The PRESIDENT p1·o tempm·e. There being no objection, the peti of an alley in square 195 in the city of Washington, District of tion will be read. Columbia, reported it without amendment. The Acting Secretaxy read the petition, as follows : Mr. HARRIS. The same committee, to whom were referred the bill To the honorable the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States : (S. No. 109) to provide for the completion of the dam at the Great The petition of the undersi~roedrespectfullyrepresents to your honorable bodies Falls of the Potomac and the bill (S. No. 446) to increase the water that they are citizellS of the United States and residents of the city and county of San Francisco, State of California, and fellow-citizellS of Daniel McSweeny, in supply of the city of Washington and an amendment offered to the whose behalf thi petition is presented. latter, have directed me to report the same back with an amendmen.t That said Daniel'McSweeny is a naturalized citizen of the United Stat~s, and in the nature of a bill in lieu of the two bills. This bill I now pre wns so naturalized in the United States district court in the city and county of sent as an amendment in lieu of the two bills referred to the com- San Francisco, on the 5th day of November, A. D. 1860, and was for many years, upward of twenty, a well-known resident and business man of good standing and mittee. · luuh repute in the city and county of Sa.n Francisco, and a taxpayer therein, and I also accompany the bill with a written report, and I a k that a an"associate of the undersi~ed in their organization of benevolence and patriotism: report made by the same committee in 1879 and a recent report made "The Kni~hts of St. Patrick of Sa.n Francisco." by Colonel Casey upon the subject of the damages to the Chesapeake That saJ.d Daniel M.cSweeny at all times conducted himself as a good citizen, faithful to the constitution and laws of the United States and of the State of Cali and Ohio Canal be printed as an appendix to the report that I :now fornia, and that he reared a large family in said State, some of whom are now abid send to the Secretary's desk. . ing therein, and all of whom are attached to the institutiollS of the United States The PRESIDENT pro tempore. It will be so ordered. ana recognize no other sovereignty. 1\Ir. HARRIS. And I desil'e to give the Public Printer notice that That said Daniel McSweenynaving occasion to revisit the laud of his birth, and to make there a prolonged sojourn, wbile conducting himself with propriety and in I have no copy of the former report, and he must get it from this no wise comportin~ himself in a manner unbecoming a citizen of the United States volume. temporarily domiciled in a foreign country, was arrested without callSe, assigned The PRESIDENT p1'o tempore. It will be so done. Shall one bill nnd committed 1.o a common jail without preliminary examination or trial by court be indefinitely postponed and the other be regarded as reported with or jury, and without any knowledge of the aceusation or charge, U: any, upon which b.is incarceration was based; that he has been confined in close and unwholesome an amendment f quarters already for about nine months; that when committed to cnstody he was 1\Ir. HARRIS. I report a new bill in lieu of both of tho e referred, in delicate health, and that a continuance of his imprisonment is liable to shorten and I desire to ask that the bill now reported be recommitted to the his life; that pressing and repeated inguiry on the part of the prisoner has failed to elicit any response from the British Government as to the cause of his incarcera Committee on the District of Columbia, and printed. tion; that he is charged with no crime and is unconscious of the violation of any The bill (S. No. 1427) to iricrease the water supply of the city of law; that he has been S1lbjected to no judicial examination or inquiry such as is Washington and for other purposes was read twice by its title, and, guaranteed by the municipal law of Great Britain, the common law of nations, and on motion of Mr. .H.A.Rrus, recommitted to the Committee on the Dis the treaties sub isting between Great Britain and the United States; that the whole proceeding is not only a personal outrage upon the natural rights of an individual, trict of Columbia. but a gross affront to a nation in anrlty witli. Great Biitain, and a fi.agrant repudia Mr. CONGER from the Committee on Claims, to whom was re tion of treaty obligations, under the protection of which thollSa.ndS of .Am.edca.n ferred the bill (S. No. 73) for the relief of L. Madison Day, reported citizens are constantly sojourning abroad, secure in the conviction tllat the United. it with an amendment, and submitted a report thereon, which was States Government will promP.tlY intervene in the event of any infringement upon their sacred prerogatives of citizenship. ordered to be printed. Your :petitioners, therefore, in view of the premises recited, and the importance 1\Ir. HOAR, from the Committee on Patents, to whom was referred of the pnnciple involved, respectfully and earnestly petition your honorable bodies the bill (S. No. 596) for the relief of Edgar Huson, reported it with to take such action, without delay, as will J;lrocure the liberation of the said Daniel .McSweenyfrom his unjust and dangerous rmprisonment and redress for the wrong out amendment, andsubmitted areportthereon; which was ordered which, as an .Am.ericau citizen, he hils suffered at the hands of the British Govern to be printed. ment. _,. And your petitioners will ever pray, &c. lli. DAWES, from the Committee on Indian Affairs, to whom the 1882. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 1735
Rubject was referred, submitted a report accompanied by a bill (S. on the amendment of the Senator from West Virginin,, [Mr. DAVIS,] No. 1434) providing for allotment of lands in severalty to the In which will be read. dians residing upon the Umatilla reservation, in the State of Oregon, The ACTL.'l'G SECRETARY. In line 5 of section 1, a.fter the word a,ncl granting patents therefor, and for other purposes. "persons," it is proposed to insert: The bill was read twice by its title, and the report was ordered to be printed. Not more than three of whom shall be of the same political party. Mr. INGALLS, from the Committee on Indian Affairs, to whom Mr.. CONGER. So far as I a.m. concerned myself, and as advised by was referred the bill (S. No. 1071) for the manufacture of salt in the the friends of this measure, there is no objection to that amendment. Indian Territory, reported it with an amendment. The amendment was agreed to. BILLS INTRODUCED, Mr. BAYARD. I think another amendment, which if this bill is Mr. VEST (by request) asked and, by unn,nimons consent, obtained to be adopted had better be made, would be to insert after the words leave to introduce a bill (S. No.1428) for the relief of Richard F. Bar just incorporated in the bill, the words "all of whom shall not be advocates of prohibition." rett ; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Commit- Mr. HARRIS. ''Not more than three of whom;" I surruest to the tee on Indian Affairs. · Senator from Delaware. oo Mr. CONGER a-sked and, by unanimous consent, obtained leave to introduce a. bill (S. No. 1429) granting an increase of pension to N. ~Ir. BAYARD. It has been suggested to me that it would be ad J. Ingersoll; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the visable to say ''not more than three of whom shall be advocates of Committee on Pensions. prohibition." Of course the intent of the amendment is very plain He also asked and, by unanimous consent, obtained leave to intro to the Senate. There is a very great contrariety of opinion among the best friends of the virtue and practice of temperance as to whether duce a bill (S. No. 1430) for the relief of John Moore and Stephen B. we shall use one or another method to promote it. Some believe that Kin.~, sm~ties ~or ~oseph Sawyer! decea-sed, form~rly superintendent of ltfe-savmg distr1ct No. 10; whwh was read tw1ce by its title anu pr?hib~tory.laws are the only laws tJ;tat are proper to be applied to referreu to the Committee on Commerce. ' t~s evil of illtemperance; others agam b~lieve that other influences Mr. ALDRICH asked and, by unanimous consent, obtained leave w1ll work better results; and therefore if this commission is to ob to introduce a bill (S. No. 1431) granting an increase of pension to tain a great body of statistics almost limitless in their character and Mary E. Ryan; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the in the~ ~cope, it seems to me it should not be confided to a body of Committee on Pensions. comlUlsswners who hold but one view upon this subject, and that it would strengthen the report for any moral influence it may have if ~Ir. McMILLA;N asked and, by unanimous consent, obtained leave to mtroduce a bill (S. No. 1432) abolishing the military reservation it should appear to come from men who, differinu as to the methods of Fort Abercrombie, in the State of Minnesota, and authorizing the of cme, are agreed upon the facts to which acme ~ould be addressed. Secretary of the Interior to have the lands embraced therein made '!he ~enator. in charge of the bill ~ understand th::Lt that is my sn bject to homestead and pre-emption entry and sale the s::une as other obJect m offermg the amendment which I have proposed to modify public lands; which was read twice by its title, :1nd referred to the again at the suggestion of the Senator from Tennessee, so that not Committee on Public Lands. more thu,n three of this commission shall be advocates of prohibition Mr. McM::ILL.A.N. That bill is introduced to carry into effect the as a means of curing intemperance. wishes expressed in the petition I presented this morninu · and in . Mr. CONG~. Mr. President, I may not be quite as clear as some this connection I desire also to present and have referred too the. same m my perceptions, but I supposed that was the object of the last committee a written st:1tement of the facts upon which the bill is amendment, namely, to secme two Democrats on the commission and based and the relief asked for. I think that amendment effectually secmes what the Senator from The PRESIDENT pro tem,p01·e. The papers will be referred to the Delaware desires. I cannot conceive it to be proper to trammel the Committee on Public Lands in connection with the bill. President by requiring a commission of this kind to be appointed from men of particular opinions or particular views. These men are ~Ir. COCKRE:J!L a ked and, by unanimous consent, obtained leave to mtroduce a b1ll (S. No. 1433) for the relief of William M. Pleas· not to legislate ; they are scarcely to recommend leuislation · but the which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee o~ co~~ssion a~poi.nted here is. t? ~vestigate the s;bject pr~posed in Claims. this bill. Therr views ofproh1 b1t10n and license are inseparable parts Mr. PLUMB asked and, by unanimous consent; obt::Lined leave to of the whole, but not by any means the most material parts of the whole. ~ntroduce a bill (S. No. 1435) for the relief of Albert Elsber~, admin I should think that the bill would be better without the amend I~tra.tor of ~ustave Elsberg, d~ceased; which was read tWice by its t1tle,. and, With the accompanymg papers, referred to the Committee n ent. If this is a proper amendment to make, then the President on FIDance. might be required to make these appointments with a great many other limHations and restrictions. I should like to have a vote on He ala~ asked and, by unanimous consent, obtained leave to intro the proposition, and therefore will not prolong· the debate. duce a bill (S: No. 14~13) g!anting a p~nsion to Joseph Rigby; which was read tw1ce by 1ts t1tle, and, w1th the accompanyin
I years, ever since I have been in Congress, and I think the first session ties in this country are divided into two hostile camps, are two rival that I came into Congress, these petitions have been pouring in fer organizatioll8, to be recognized in legislation, among whom the offices a commission of investigation touching the alcoholic liquor traffic. of the country are to be dealt outJ each taking its share, is a vicious As I lived in Maine, many of them were sent to me, and from that idea. It tends to promote party spirit.J not to suppress it. time up to the present time these petitions have been flooding Con In the last Congress, I think, we ha The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question now is on the amend Chinese immigration bill has been disposed of, or after the morninu ment of the Senator from New Hampshire, [Mr. BLAIR.] hour to-morrow morning, I shall ask the Senate to take up the bifi Mr. INGALLS. I thought it was agreed to. (S. No. 1361) to authorize the Secretary of the InteriOl' to rent for. a The PRESIDENT p1·o tem,po1·e. No, sir; the Chair has not· yet put term of years the building at the southwe_st corn~r of Penns~lvama the question. . avenue and Thirteenth street, northwest, m the mty of \Vashmgton, The question being put, there were on a division-ayes 15, noes 25. District of Columbia. I will agree not to inflict a speech upon the So the amendment was rejected. Senate if they will allow five minutes for the consideration of the The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senator from Kansas move bill. It is a bill to provide additional accommodation for the Pen an amendment f sion Office. I will compromise with the Senate to the, extent I have Mr. INGALLS. I accede to the suggestion made by the Senator stated. from Vermont, to withhold my amendment until later. CHINESE IMMIGRATION. Mr. MORGAN. I move, in line 13 of section 1, to strike out the The Senate as in Committee of the Whole, resumed the consid words" and take testimony." The power to take testimony, as the eration of the' bill (S. No. 71) to enforce treaty stipulationsrelating Senator from Vermont suggests, would not follow without a special to Chinese the pending question being on the amendment of Mr. provision, but it is an impossibility in a matter of this kind to take FARLEY to' the amendment of the Committee on Foreign Relations, testimony which would be of any value to the Senate. Where. would to add as an additional section the following: they commence f Whom would they examine as to the evil influences SEC. 16. That hereafter no State court or court of the United States shall admit of intemperance or of the sale of intoxicating liquors by license or Chlnese to cimenship; and all laws in conflict with this act are hereby repealed. otherwise f Whom would they not examine f Out of the :fifty million Mr. HAWLEY. ?!Ir. President, when I rose last night it was with people of the United States there are probably ten million experts the purpose of speaking but a very few moments _upon the points on the liquor question. The committee could gain no information specially before us. I confess I regret ~ow that I d_td not o~ner en that would inform any man's judgment by the taking of testimony, tertain a purpose to speak upon the bill, that I mtght put m goou by the examination of witnesses. Therefore the money would be un shape my serious objections to its general character. But_I shalln.ot necessarily expended. Every inquiry that it is necessary for us to detain the Senate long, for I know that members are anxious to d~s make can be made without putting witnesses under oath and exam pose of the question, and yet it is one of such importance that I feel ining them in that way, and having them testify from their informa that I am not at all guilty of any serious wrong in insisting upon tion or their experience ortheirobservation upon this topic. Inasmuch deliberate consideration. as the Senate has determined not to print the testimony when it comes I admit the doctrine that has been set forth here, that a nation is in I think it is entirely unnecessary that the commission shall be in some sense a family, and that there is a right and duty of national required to take testimony under oath. The whole purpose of the self-protection. I think we all a-ssert that; nobody denies it. No inquiry can be reached just as well without swearing witnesses. dispute arises upon such a proposition until we come to the extent The PRESIDENT pro telnpore. The question is on the amendment of that principle a:J?-d the details of propositions.. . . of the Senator from Alabama. .A. nation has a nght to exclude paupers sent m upon It. Thn.t IS The amendment was agreed to. not a voluntary immi~ation; it is an injurious one. It has a right, Mr. INGALLS. In lines 10, 11, 12, and 13 of section 1, it is declared of course, to exclude msane and idiotic persons for the same reason. to be the duty of this commission "to investigate the alcoholic liquor It has a riuht to exclude criminalsJ for they are sent here to our traffic, its relations to revenue and taxation, aud its general eco injury, ana"'in order to relieve other nations from their own just nomic, criminal, moral, and scientific aspects in connection with Lurdens. pauperism, crime, social vice, the public health, aud general welfare If the British Government, instead of resolutely setting about the of the people." suppression of thugism, had offered a free passage to thugs to come If anybody can tell me what the scientific aspects of the alcoholic here and settle with us, with their religion teaching the duty of liquor traffic in connection with social vice are, I should be glad to murder of course we should have had a right to forbid that kind of be informed. The scientific aspects of the alcoholic liquor traffic in immigr~tion, and we shoulcl have been quite justified in taking it as connection with social vice! I supposed the object of this inquiry is offensive action on the part of Great Britain. So in a state of war or to ascertain the relations of the alcoholic liquor traffic to revenue, prospect of war-that justifies the exercise of extraordinary powe1·s; taxation, and society, which will embrace all these subordinate ques inter anna silent leges. Laws national or international a1·e set aside tions that are attempted to be comprehended in this su bsequen t defini if we can defend ourselves, and any class of people may be excluded tion. I am sincerely desirous that a proper bill shall pass 1 I believe or any foreicrners may be ordered to depart, the measure of the exer in the authority of Congress to enact it and in the propnety of its cise of the power being only the degree of the necessity of self-pro passage; and I ~ho~d ~ke to see one. adopted t~at will b~ co~pre tection. hensive and senS1.ble m Its terms. If It would srut the special fnends But we are ]eO'islating for times of peace. We are legislating pro of the bill..' I should like to see this lang~age stricke_n outtha:ti have fessedly upon the general and not the exce11tional principles that are read which appears to me to be really Wlthout definite meanrng, and to be justified by our Constitution, by the spirit of our laws, tho the words" and society" after "revenue and taxation" suLstituted, national spirit, character, and policy that we have freely and boast leaving out the remainder down to and including the word "people" fully set forth to the whole world for a century; which have elicited in line 13. I move that as a.n amendment. the admiration and the pride of all generous souls; which are bring-_ Mr. CONGER. If it be the object of gentlemen to take from this log to our shores this very year nea.rly a million of people; and which bill piece by piece and add to it piece by piece sufficient to make it are very sensibly modifying the political aspirations and possibili inoperative and useless, it might as well be defeated altogether. ties of all Europe. In this matter we are to make a change. The Senator says he cannot see himself the scientific aspect of the .A. few words in this proposed law may be quoted for a century, not alcoholic liquor traffic in connection with social vice, but he moves as the openinlJ' lines of the Declaration of Independence are quoted, that it be examined in relation to its aspects to society. I ask the as a comfort~ a prophecy, a. battle-cry, but on the same page with Senator why in the economic, criminal, and moral aspects there might the edict of Nantes, the innumerable decrees tormenting and ba.n not be inquiry in regard to social vice f If there are no "scientJfic ishinlJ' and excluding the Jews, the belated hobgoblin idiocies that aspects" in that, are there not" criminal and moral aspects T" are n~w torturing that race in some parts of Europe, the barbarisms I hope the gentlemen who are in favor of this bill will not take. that were once heaped upon the barbarous negro, and more appro away all the directory clauses of the bill as to the subject of the ex priately still with the laws of Japan and of this same China, which amination. I think such an amendment as this would take away treated all of us, gentle and lovely bearers of rnm, opium, and 'l'e - from the consideration of the commission particular points and sub taments, as "outside barbarians." Or it may be that this bill will jects which the friends ?f this bill desire to ha:ve e~amined. TJ;le be quoted with the alien and sedition law, the repeal of the l\fis ouri "moral aspects" in relatwn to any of these subJects IS embraced m compromise, and the fugitive-slave law, as an illustration of t~e truth this "the criminal and economic" as well as the "scientific." I that :fifty million sovereigns can be as despotic as one sovereign. thm'k if the Senator reads that clause he will see that it embraces If a great emergency has really atrived, if the coming ?f millions the whole, and is a proper direction to the commission to make the of Chinamen is so imminent that we must put up our Chinese wall, iuquiries desired by the friends of this measure. let us try n.nd ru!1ke the law at least speak plausibly. ~et us say:. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The hour of half past one o'clock First. The Chinese do not come here to swear allegiance to this has arrived, and the Chair will lay before the Senate the unfinished nation; business. Second. They do not come deshing to learn our language ; Mr. CONGER. I again ask the unanimous consen,t of the Senate Third. They do not come desiring to learn and understand our to proceeed with the consideration of the pending bill. Constitution and laws; The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is it the pleasure of the Senate to Fourth. They do not come here with a desire to bear a share of our consider the bill until disposed off ["No!" "No!"] taxation and general burdens; Mr. CONGER. .A. vote can be reached in a short time to-day, I Fifth. They do not come here to perform military duty; am sure. Sixth. They do not bring their wives and children, and do not Mr. FARLEY. I insist on the regular order. send for them, nor expect to send for them; The PRESIDENT p1·o tempore. The bill will come up again to Seventh. They bring the traits of a people submissive to despotism morrow when the Calendar is reached under the .Anthony rule. and a1ien to us in religion, tra.ditions, a.nd beliefs ; Eighth. They come to establish a peasantry, a cheerfully-enlisted, PENSION OFFICE ACCOl\UIODATIO:NS. self-compelled, and contented peasantry among us, when we want no :Mr. ROLLINS. I desire to give notice that immediately after the peasants and despise tho man who is willing to be a peasant. 1882. CONGRESSION.AL RECORD-SENATE. 1739 Recite this: I have given some reasons for excluding classes of a suspension should be only suspension. These official papers of people, not because of their particular color or particular birthplace, the commissioners to the Secretary of State show that nothing in but because of certain characteristics that unfit them to make good the nature of prohibition wa-s intended. Bnt suspension for twenty American citizens, unfit them to blend with us. There would be years is prohibition, and is intended as such. somethlng of specifical defense to your law in the preamble of it if The bill before us is very clearly a harsh and an extravagant inter you would say that. pretation of that treaty, just what the Chinese commissioners feared :Mr. 1\fiLLER, of California. Do you want to put that in f might be made, and what our commissioners assured them that our Mr. HAWLEY. I am not making the bill. If the Senator will just and magnanimous and generous nation ought to be trusted not put it in I think he will help his bill. Say that a rush of millions of to do. such people, if you can make people believe that millions are coming, The civilized world jeered at China and Japan while they applied w0uld seriously injure the grt:Jat Republic and the cause of good gov· this identical policy to all the world ontsiue their borders, and the ernment the world over. civilized world grauually grew ready to bombard both China and ' I admit that to say this wouJd be to admit also that if the China Japan into international comity and ~ood fellowship. The United man would come here, to throw off all a~le They might be doves, for all the proposed law says. They might ARTICLE VI. be the messengers of peace; the messengers of a new gospel better than Citizens of the United States visiting or residinrr in China shall enjoy the same ours. They had something like the golden rule long before our Christ privileges, immunities, or exemptions in respect to kavel or residence as may there ian peoples knew anything of it, or before there were Christian peo be enjoyed by the citizens or sub,jects of the most favored nation. And, recipro ples. These men, I say, might be bringing a new gospel here. cally, Chinese subjecta visiting or residing in the United States, shall enjoy the same privileges, immunities, and ex.emptiolli! in respect to travel or residence as Whereas in the opinion of the Government of the United St.1.tes the coming of may there be enjoyed by the citizens or subjects of the most favored nation. Chinese laborers to this country endangers the good order of certain localities within the territory thereof. To gain these things the civilized world bombarded China, and That is the whole preamble. It is not pretended therein that they they granteu them; and the civilized world, this part of it, appears could exercise a bad influence over the whole country, to poison our to be sick of its ba.rg:tin. people against our institutions and beliefs, to damage us politically, Singularly enough, I accidentally discovered this morning that socially, or commercially, as anation at all, but that their coming the 28th of July, 1868, was the very day on which the fourteenth endangers the good order of certain localities. What is the obvious amendment of the Constitution was declared adopted, which for the implication' That if the Chinaman comes our citizens may insult first time really made eyery one born in the United States or natural him, that they may raise tumults, trample upon law, that perhaps ized therein a citizen not only of his State but of the United States. they may kill him, or perhaps they may forcibly expel him, or they It was after that indeed that we our elves by the fifteenth amend may so hedge him about with fear that he would rush down in despair ment, adopted March 30, 1870, declared that no person should be for to the sea.-coast and beg to be transported home. That is th.e impli bidden to vote by reason of race, color, or previous condition of serv cation of the preamble. His comin~ here is going to make ns so itude. angry, so fierce that we will rise up m rebellion and trample upon Our zealous and radical republicanism is fading. Our apostleship our own laws and wrong this man who is not charged with any of a generous humanity is to be abdicated. It was before the war dangerous purpose whatever. that a Massachusetts man declared the Declaration "glittering gen I do not enter upon the argument at length that this proposed law eralities." He died, sir. I do not remember when he was buried; he is in violation of the treaty just made, and yet I consider it to be so. clied the day he said that. My colleague [Mr. PLATT] has done ample justice to that sabject; It is seventeen years after a great war for union and liberty and the but at this moment, glancing over the papers in the case, I come across freeing of four million slaves, fourteen years after the assertion of a significant paragraph that I have not heard quoted in the debate. national citizenship, and some twelve years after a declaration that P erhaps it was. If it will not trouble the Senate I will read briefly no man shall bo forbidclen to vote by reason of race, color, &c., that two paragraphs, one from the communication from our commi sion we are asked to deny to the Chinaman the right he was bombarded ers, l\1es r . Angell and others, announcing their succe fulnegotia into accepting; and upon that solemn act of legislation we put only tion of the treaty, and the other from the proclamation of .Mr. Evarts the words I have read, saying that his coming as a laborer is danger announcing the treaty. The commissioners said: ous to good order here. After our first interview with the Chinese commissioners-- It ha-s been as erted that we have the right to exclude any man I Rhoult.llike attention to this, if it has not been before read for any length of time, or all men for all time, accordins: to our own After our first interview with the Chinese commissioners we thonght it clear judgment. It has been said that the right to fix the limit of natural that while the Chinese Government would recognize the propriety of some regu· ization at all gives the right to fix it at a thousand years; virtually latiug discretion as to Chinese immigration on the part of the Government of the the right to regulate is the right to forbid all immigration and all United States, it would not consent to its formal prohibition and theab olute abro entering upon citizenship. Perhaps so i perhaps not. Perhaps we gation of the provisions of the Burlingame treaty rel~~\ to the free intercou.rse I.J etween the p eople of the two countries. We did not · that the public opinion are confounding right and power. We have in one sense a right to of the Unit.eu States would require so extreme a demand, and we considered our do all that we can defend under arms. 'Ve have a righij in a certain instruction. as warning us not to disregard the traditional policy of the United shallow, teclwical sense of the word, to do a great many toolish things States, and in your own words- and a ~reat many wrong things. Mr. RANDOLPH TUCKER, of the This is addres ed to the Secretary of State- House, m the last Congress felicitously put what I think is the cor to giv-e due weight to ·• the widely diffused, and, so to speak, natnral sentiment rect doctrine in the form of an algebraic equation: "Right equals of our people in fuvor of the most liberal admission of foreign immigrant.s who de power and duty." We careles ly assert a right to do wrong thin American colonies, (now States,) might have been in 1775 dissatis and above all human laws have mevocably stamped upon the one race fied with the rates of wages they were being obliged to pay, and its superiority over the other. might have sought a remedy in importations of some part of the Intellect and intelligence are forces in this world often g-reater than teemin~ millions of Africa and Asia, to be made use of under some numbers. It makes no difference what votes you put m a ballot one of the many forms and modifications of servitude. box, how many little white pellets of paper that signify one thing Without doubt the remedy would have been temporarily an effi and dark pellets of paper that signify another. Those pellets of paper cient one, but at what an immeasurably srreater sacrifice of the per in that box which represent a majority of force will in the end rule manent and lasting interest of the EngliX-speaking employers and even if they be a minority of numbers. If contrary to my expec property classes of 1775, and of their posterity. No less a sacrifice tations the colored race should permanently secure the contxol of any than that of the greater part, and perhaps of all of the inventions and of the States of the South, and the whites should tire of trying to discoveries of the English-speaking race during the past century overcome the majority of numbers by force or intimidation, I predict the steam-engine, the spinning-jenny, the loom, the cotton-O'in, the that they would migrate to the State where their own mce was in effectual use of coal in making iron, the railroad, the steamshlp, the the majority. I have nothing but the very kindliest feeliug toward electric telegraph, the steam printing-press', the sewing-machine, and the negro which is intensified by the recollection of the oppre sion he the other innumerable advances in science and art which have, during has suffered at the hands of my own race, and never would I con that memorable epoch illustrated the powers of the human mind, scion ly do him an injustice. The negro possesses in a marked degree subjected the forces of nature to the control and uses of man, given all the humane and affectionate sympathies. He easily becomes dignity and enjoyment to life, and, looking merely to material and attached to those with whom he lives and is loyal to them. He pecuniary results, have created an aggregate magnitude of wealth adopts our customs and is proud to imitate them, instead of taking unknown and impossible to the highest degrees of African and Asiatic a pride, as the Chimaman does, in adhering to his own national civilization, while they have secured to the wealthier classes and the habits. To the extent of his capacity for improvement he has a wage-earning classes a command over both necessaries and luxuries willing-ness and even ambition to improve himself, instead of shut unknown and impos ible to former times under any form of civiliza ting hunself np as the Chinaman does, with an indomitable self-con tion. ceit within the limit of present attainments. The negroes now in The introduction of the cheap labor ofan inferior race in 1775 would this country were born in it; they speak our language; they have have arrested progress in every part of the British dominions as it the same religion, and they reco~nize the same standard and code any kind of a factory; but his race is socially more incongruous to no objection particularly to this amendment, because it is merely de ours and less capable of assimilation with us than is the negm race. claratory of what the law now is; but I make this statement merely In dealing with the Chinese we are dealing with a race whose his to show why the provision was not included in the bill. torical existence of fifty centuries shows that they have outlived all It may be said also that it is not germane to the purpose of this contemporaneous nations, and during that immense period have never bill, it being a bill to suspend what is called immigration under the been able to rise from the ranks of semi-barbarism. The reason of treaty, and the question of naturalization does not properly belong this unexampled national longevity is that they have been a race by to it. themselves, a homogeneous race, and tenacious of their homogeneity. I wish also to supplement the very able speech of the Senator from \Vhen once or twice conquered by the Tartars of the North, a nation Nevada [Mr. JONES] with one important fact, thatanotherpeopleof closely resembling themselves, they imposed their customs, their the Anglo-Saxon race, with a similar civilization to ours, view this laws, their institutions, and their beliefs on the conqueror, thus ulti question as we do in the Pacific States. There was passed in New mately subduing him by the force and tena-city of their peculiar South Wales an act to restrict Chinese immigration and the intro systems. duction of Chine e to New South Wales, and it was approved by the What encouragement do we find in the history of our dealings with sovereign of Great Britain on the 6th day of December, 1881. This the negro race or in our dealings with the Indian race to induce us to legislatiOn met the approval of that distinguished statesman-that permit another race-struggle in our midst! It is because the inhab distinguished liberal statesman, perhaps the greatest of English states itants of the Pacific coast are in favor of civilization, because they men-who is now Prime Minister, Mr. Gladstone, and it was approved are in favor of our civilization, and not of some other civilization, too without the formality ofhavingmade a treaty with China by which that they oppose the further incoming of the Chinese. They believe they conceded the right on the part of Great Britain to enact this in maintainincr the homogeneity of our population, and they believe legislation. This shows that the voice of a distant colony of Great that on that homogeneity depends the permanence of our institu Britain has been heard by the home government and its wishes have tions, depends our progress and everything upon which we build our been complied with by one of the most intelligent, able, and liberal hopes. • statesmen of modern times. Let me present that act of a sister peo Mr. President, when I rose to my feet, without having any prepared ple: speech, I did not intend to say as much as I have said. I simply de NEw So urn WALES. sH-ed to present a few of the considerations that impel the people of [Anno qnadragesimo quinto Victorire R.eginre, No. XI.] the Pacific coast to conjure their brethren in other parts of the coun An act to restrict the infinx of Chinese into New South Wales. try to come to their assistance against this tidal wave of barbarism, [Assented to, 6th December, 1881.) that is not averaging itself over the United States generally so as to Whereas it is expedient to relrUlate and restrict the immigration and introduc· be easily absorbed, but which is massing itself on our western borders. tion of Chinese into New Sonth' 'Wales: It is invading one industry after another and driving our own people Be it therefOTe enacted by the Queen's Most ExceUent Majesty, by and with the advice out, and has already taken possession of the vine, of the fig-tree, of and consent of the Legislative Oouncil and Legislative A ssembly o.f New South Wales i:n Parliament assem:bled, and by the authority of the same, as follows : the wheat-field, and of every avenue of manufacture. I make this 1. For the purposes of this a~t the following words in inverted commas shall, earnest appeal not because the white man has not the physical and unless the context otherwise indicate, bear the meanings set against them respect intellectual power to compete with the Chinaman, but because with ively: the qualities which the white man possesses, with his civilization, "Chinese "-Any person of the Chinese race. "Vessel "-Any ship or vessel of whatsoever kind or description. with his lineage, with the blood that flows in his veins, he disdains '' Master "-The person (other than a pilot) for the time being in actual command to abandon his present condition of life and to descend to the de~ad or charge of any vesseL ing level of Chinese labor and Chinese wages, n,nd to the unrelieved 2. The master of every vessel upon arrival at any port or place in this colony, and barbarous penury of Chinese daily life. from parts beyond the colony, having Chinese on board, shall, before making any entry at the customs, deliver to the collector or other principal officer of cu toms We appeal to Senators to stand by the judgment of 154,000 of their a list of such Chinese specifying to the best of his knowledge the name, the place fellow-citizens, spoken without passion, spoken without vindictive of birth, the apparem;1 age, tne ordinary place of residence, the pla.ce and date of ness; 154,000 people, as against only 1,100votesthat could be obtained shipment, and the calling or occupation of each such Chinese, under a penalty for in favor of this immigration on a secret ballot. Why such univer not delivering such list not exceeding £200. 3. If any vessel having on board a greater number of Chinese than in the pro· Ral concurrence of opinion on a question like this f The people of the portion of one Chinese to every hundred tons of the tonnage of such vessel, shall Pacific coa~t are not a provincial people; they do not speak the pre arrive at any time in any port in this colony, the owner, master, or charterer of .i udices of a section, they are made up of emigrants from every city and such vessel shall be liable on conviction to a penalty of £100 for each Chinese State of this Union and from the leading countries of Europe, so that carried in excess of the foregoing limitation, unless the defendant shall show that the Chinese so carried is a British subject or one of the crew or has not been they are in a very marked degree a cosmopolitan people. landed in the colony and is not intended to be so landed. For the purposes of this At first they had no objecti 12. The penalties and restrictions imposed by this a.ct shall not nor shall any of some delicacy. It seems to me that there are some rigors in this bill them be held to be aJ?plicable in respect of any Chinese being one of the crew of that ought to be softened. any vessel arriving many port in New South Wales and who shall not be dis charged therefrom or land except in the performance of his duties in connection I havevotedfornearly all the amendments that have been hitherto with such vessel. proposed, and I trust that some of them may yet be adopted. 13 . .All penalties and s:nms of money recoverable under this act shall be recov Bu~ beside.s the l?assing upon this question by the Executive after ered in a summary way at the suit of some officer of customs authorized by the coloLial treasurer before any two or morejusticesofthe peace in accordance with the bill leaves us, It may be brought up for the adjudication of the the provisions of the acts regulating proceedings on summary conviction. .And it courts. Will th~y say that this law is according to t.he two treaties shall be lawful for the colonial treasurer by writing under his hand to authorize ;v~ have m~~e With that people Y I know it is tne opinion of some,. any officer to detain any vessel the master whereof snail in the opinion of the said It IS my opnnon~ that the la-st law passed by Congress is the supreme· trea, nrer have committed an offense or be a defaulter under this act. Such deten tion may be either at the port or place where such vessel is found or at any port or law of the land~n ~iteof any~e.aty, butthatitis not the opinion of place to which the said treasurer may order such vessel to be brought. For the every Senator; It 1s not the opnnon of all those who have hitherto• pnrpo es of such detention the officer so authorized shall be entitled to obtain in spoke:t;t on the subject. I do not know exactly how that question will the customary manner such writ of assistance or other aid and assistance in and be decided. At all events I trust that the bill will receive the amend about the detention of or other lawful dealing with such vessel as are by law pro vided under the act or acts regulating the customs with reference t() seizure of ves ment to shorten the time, and various amendments that have been sels or goods. But such detention shall be for safe custody only and shall cease proposed by the Senator from Kansas and the Senator from Massa and be discontinued if a bon-l with two sufficient sureties be given by such master chusetts. for the payment of the amount of such penalty and other sums as may be adjudged to be paid under the provisions of this act : P ·rovided, That if defau1t be made in Mr.. ~GALLS. Mr. President,_ w~at~ver may be said about the payment of any such penalty incurred by such master in terms of any conviction propnety of the enactment of this bill illto a law as it now stands: adjudging the payment thereof, it shall be lawful for such officer to seize such vessel under the provisions of the treaties between the United States and and for him and any other officer or person duly authorized or empowered in that China, I think there can be no difference whatever in the judgment behalf to take all such proceedings for the pllrp()se of procuring the condemnation of thoughtful me~ tha.t the amendment. now pending offered by the and sale of such vessels as are provided by law in ca.~e of condemnation or forfeiture of a vessel for a brea.ch of the custom laws of the said colony: Provided, That the Se~a~r from Califorma [Mr. FARLEY] IS open to two very serious proceeds of sale of any such vessel shall be paid into the consolidated revenue and obJections. after payment of the amount of such penalty and of all costs incurred in and about '~his bill, in its terms, is one to carry out treaty stipulations with such sale and the proceedings leading thereto the bala.nce shall be placed by the colonial treasurer to a trusta.ccountand beheld in trust for the owners of or other China, and the amendment proposes to declare that no State or l>ersons lawfnlly entitled to the vessel so condemned and sold. Federal co~ shall naturalize Chinese subjects. In the first place, 14. Any vessel on board which Chinese shall be transhipped from another vessel therefore, this amendment does not belong upon this bill; it is not and be bron~ht to any port or place in this colony, shall be deemed to be a vessel germane; it has no connection whatever with the subject that it is bringing Chinese into the said colony from parts beyond the said colony, and shall be subject to the provisions of this act. proposed to treat upon and the ends that are souO'ht to be accom 15. This act may be cited as the" influx of Chinese restriction act of 188L" plished by the Senators from California and Nevad~ . Besides th::t.t The holding of mass-meetings on last Saturday in the State of Cal it is exactly in contravention .of and in direct opposition to the stipu~ ifornia has been criticised here. It has been characterized as ~iving lation.s of two ex:istin(J' treaties.. Article 5 of the treaty made at evidence of an overmastering passion. It l1as been said that It was Wa-shin~on on the 28th of July ill the year of our Lord 1868 begins to make an imposing representation to Congress of what the people with this language : of the Pacific coast wanted. Why, Mr. President, the people did no . The Unite Is there a word in any one of those resolutions, any one of those dis· them solemnly by two treaties; that is to say, that a Chinese mer patches that were sent here, which shows the slightest feeling of chant or a Chinese trader or a Chinese scholar or a Chinese traveler pa-ssion or even prejudice Y who may come here for purposes admitted by everybody to be inno: No, sir; the people of California are not in a frenzy of passion. cent and lawful, shall be excluded from naturalization by the courts We here have attempted to represent the sentiment and the feeling of the S~ates and by the courts of the nation if they desire to become of our people. We have not dealt in declamation. We have at naturalized and are declared by the courts to be proper subjects of tempted to reason on this subject; and if there has been any passion naturalization. shown here, it has been shown by those who have discussed this sub . I should hope, Mr. President, that this spirit of proscription and ject. on the other side. illtol~r~ce, which to my mind is obviously manifest in some portions I do not mean to detain the Senate with any remarks of mine. I of this bill, would not be extended so as to violate the specific terms am content to leave this argument where it is. I am very anxious of .a treaty solemnly twice declared, anti do injustice to a class of that a vote shall be had upon this bill. Therefore I shall not say citizens who are here lawfully and to whom there is no objection what I should like to say in defense of my people and in defense of from any quarter whatever. my action in bringing up this bill. My motives a::.1d my reasons, I Mr. ~ARLEY. I h~ve n~ dispos~tion to take up the time of the think, sufficiently appear from the remarks which I made in the Senate m the furtherdiscusswn of this matter; but the position taken opening of this debate. • I have nothing to take back; I do not think by the Senator from Kansas in reference to the naturalization of that we have been completely and enthely an~wered; and I am will Chinamen demands notice. If he had read further from the Burlin ing now to leave this subject to the j~d~ent of the Senate. game treaty, he would have fuund- - lfr. MORRILL. Mr. President, I s.hall detain the Senate from a . M.r. INGALLS. Let me anticipate the Senator. I know what he mtends call my attention to. It is to the closing paracrraph of the vote but a very few moments. I am quite unwilling to place myself to 0 on record as against the power of this Government, should it become section succeeding the one which I read. neceesary, to prohibit all immigration to this country. I foresee that Mr. FARLEY. Exactly. the time may come before the next generation comes and goes, when Mr. INGALLS. It is that- it may no longer be desirable that large numbers shall be encouraged Nothing herein CQntained shall be held to confer naturalization upon citizens ot to come here from abroad. But the difficultythat I have about thls the United States in China, nor upon the subjects of China in the United States. bill is in relation to the two treaties that we have with China. The Mr. FARLEY. Precisely. question arises in my mind whether this bill is in harmony and good Mr. INGALLS. I recognize the fact fully. Of course the treaty faith with the two treaties that we have made with t.he Empire of could not do that. · China, and whether we do not leave it in such position that the Mr. FARLEY. Then the position taken by the Senator from Kan Executive will be called upon to interpose, as once before, against sa~ is an objection to wbattheC~e~epeople acquiesced in in making the legislation of Congress. this treaty, that there was nothing ill the treaty that gave the right. Mr. President, some of our wisest statesmen heretofore have re to American citizens to be naturalized in China or-- garded with some apprehension the large amount of foreign immi Mr. INGALLS. Oh no, Mr. President, I trust the Senator will gr~tion to this country as threatening to the durability and perpe allow me to interrupt blm there. It does not bear upon the right tuity of our Republic. I foresee that that idea is one that is likely at all, but simply declares that that treaty itself shall not be held to. to grow. The measure proposed here now is one that has been confer naturalization. heretofore entirely unusual in our theory or practice; such as a sud :Mr. FARLEY. Precisely, just as I said. den change of closing the doors to any people when they have hitherto Mr. INGALLS. Not that they may not be naturalized. been wide open, I regard as a question that should be treated 'vith 1\fr. FARLEY. There is no misunderstanding between the Senator- 1882. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 1747 and myself. That subject was fully discussed here last spring and of the Senator from California [Mr. FAB.LEYl to the amendment of by some very able lawyers on the other side of the Chamber as well the committee. as on this. I did not claim then, nor do I claim now, that under the Mr. EDMUNDS. I ask for the yeas and nays on that amendment. provisions of that treaty the courts were bound to refuse naturali The PRESIDENT pro tentpore. The yeas and nays have been or zation to Chinamen. I say that the treaty itself cannot confer the dered. power upon the courts to act on that question, but it is solely and Mr. EDMUNDS. Very well. purely a matter for legislative action. It is true that the treaty said Mr. BROWN. Before the vote is taken I simply wish to remark that nothing therein contained should authorize Chinamen to become that I do not desire to see the naturalization of Chinese in this cohn citizens of the United States, or citizens of the United States to try, but I am not satisfied that under the treaties as they now exist · become subjects of China. But in order to make this question beyond we have a right to refuse to naturalize them while we naturalize any doubt, so as to place it beyond the double construction that has other foreigners. There are some Chinese who are now here who been given to the power of the courts to naturalize Chinamen, I have are intelligent people, and some of them are a-ssimilating with us, proposed this amendment to this bill. The courts of the United States some of them are members of churches, some of them are Christian in' some of the States have been admitting Chinamen to citizenship. men. There are some of them who would make good citizens. ~'or The courts of my State and the circuit court of the United States the present, therefore, I should be unwilling to say, without fur held in California, presided over by Judge Sawyer, have decided ther investigation upon that point, that there was no case where that they were not entitled to be naturalized; but the courts in Mas a Chinaman could properly become a citizen of the United States. sachusetts and some of the courts in New York have held otherwise, If we can get rid of the treaty obligations honorably, or rather if we and have admitted them to citizenship. And in order to clear that are not bound by treaty stipulation that would prohibit us from ex point, to make it perfectly clear before the people of the country, I cluding them from naturalization while we admit other foreigners, simply propose this amendment, so that it will become settled that and if the naturalization comes to a point where it becomes at a.ll the courts are not authorized to admit these people to citizenship of serious, Congress can interfere and enact a positive statute on this the United States. question. For the present bill, and in the present state of things Mr. INGALLS. What objection have the citizens of California to under the treaties, I am not prepared to vote for the entire exclusion allowing Massachusetts to naturalize a Chinaman in that State if of Chinese from naturalization. she desire! Mr. TELLER. I ask the Senator if we do not already exclude Mr. FARLEY. I have always understood, and I do now under this cla-ss of people from naturalization by our statute f I think we do. stand, and still think, that the honorable Senator from Kansas is a Mr. BROWN. If we do, then this additional legislation is unneces very able lawyer, and why should he ask mea question hardly needs sary. an answer. :Mr. FARLEY. It is to make the matter entirely clear. Mr. INGALLS. What objection has he if she desire it f Mr. EDMUNDS. If I did not know the sincerity of my friends Mr. FARLEY. The objection to it, I reply, is this: if they be from California in their desire to accomplish what the treaty now come citizens of Massachusetts they are citizens in California if they allows us to a-ccomplish in a rea-sonable way on this subject, I shoulrl go there. have supposed if I were a stranger here that the object was to break Mr. INGALLS. Yes. down this bill and to load it with incongruous provisions to defeat Mr. FARLEY. Why ask that kind of a question, thent in the end any legislation at all. This amendment proposed by the llr. INGALLS. Because the objections I have heard the Senators Senator from California on my left [Mr. FARLEY] has nothing what ur~e to this kind of Chinese migration are that these people are not ever to do with the question that this bill proposes, and that this citiZens, that they come for the purpose of remaining brie:fl.y and tak last treaty, which is the only one! am speaking of, deals with. That ing away the fruits of their labor, that the repugnance to them is is a question simply of the incoming persons who are not now in the based upon the fact that they do not assimilate with the great body United States, and who have no other right to come here than such of citizens. a-s the laws of nature, whatever they may be-l am not goin~ into Mr. FARLEY. Mr. President, I will try to talk so that the Sena that again-may give. Now, coming or going is an entirelydifierent tor from Kansas will understand me. I am opposed to the naturali thing from naturalization, from being admitted to citizenship; and zation of Chinamen who come here on any mission, either to labor if there is anybody here wl.Jo is a real friend of the flubstance of this or for pleasure or for business or otherwise. They are not of us ; bill-I am uot speaking of its details or of its excess or want of ex they are not entitled to be of us; and I am opposed to their being cess-if there is anybody here who is really in favor of the substance naturalized in any court of the United States or in any court of any of this bill, to deal with the subject of it and nothing else, I should State. The position taken by the honorable Senator from Kansas, expect that that person would vote a~ainst any amendment that when he wants to know what objection there could be by California would introduce any element into the bill that did not legitimately to having Chinamen naturalized in Massachusetts, answers itself: and correctly belong to it. This certainly does not. because a citizen made such in one State is a citizen of another if he Mr. SHERMAN. ~Ir. President, my colleague [Mr. PENDLETON} chooses to go to another State. Therefore his argument on that point is detained from his seat by indisposition, and at his request I have falls to the ground. agreed to pair with him on many questions that arose on this bill I shall inSIBt upon this amendment. It is perfectly germane to this which would tend to change the present character of the bill. If at bill. There is nothing about it in regard to which the point can be liberty to vote, I should vote a~ainst this amendment, but I shaH raised that it was not proper to be attached to this bill, because we refrain from votin(J' on this an sons who have miO'rated to this country since the adoption of the complish all the beneficial purposes proposed by this bill. It may Constitution. Pro'bably only about one-half of our population is na be that at the end of five years the people of California will them tive born, or the descendants of persons who were livin~ here at the selves demand the useful labor of many of the Chinese. They may time of the adoption of the Constitution. It is by this now of immi by that time have learned to discriminate between the labor of skilled gration into our borders that our country has increased more rapidly artisans, shrewd, able men such as exist in China, and the coolies than any other nation in ancient orin modern times. We have now that have been sent over here, the criminals, the paupers, the con fifty m.iilion people, where within a century there were but three or tract laborers, who ought to be excluded from this country whether four millions. This has been due largely to the system of foreign they come from Asia or from Europe. immigration coming from the European countries, which has enabled :Mr. FARLEY. Does the honorable Senator from Ohio desire to us to extend the boundaries of our country; utihzing new land and have brought to this country skilled laborers from Ohiua. to compete extending our civilization into regions that were a wa..ste and a wil with our own skilled laborers i · derness only a few years ago. In thirty years our population has Mr. SHERMAN. I do not want to go too far in this new policy don bled, and largely by the aid of this foreign immigration. which reverses the whole policy of the Government from the foun It has been the public policy of this country to invite foreigners dation. I want to go slowly. What is the evil to be guarded against f from all lands to come here. We have not only given them our pub The people of Calitornia and the Pacific coa..st say that they are fear lic lands upon their declaring their intention to become citizens, we ful of beinO' inundated by a vast horde of hungry coolies or contract have made them in a very brief period citizens with the right to vote laborers-f call them coolies-ignorant, vicious, debased, who come and hold office; we ha"Ve protected them in their rights as against here without wives and children, who come here to degrade our so the country of their nativity; we have negotiated treaties for their ciety, an immigration of the lowest and worst classes of the oldest protection against the rights of their parent country ; we have threat nation of Asia. It seems to me we might guard against the evils of ened violence to defend them in their rights, and we have done the this dangerous immigration without going to the extreme of exclud utmost we could not only to encourage their immigration but to pro ing all laborers from China. We may limit, restrain, suspend, but tect and foster the immigrants. we must not prohibit immigration. Here is a prohibition for twenty Last year there came into this country nearly eight hundred thou years, longer than the life of any Senator on this floor, for in twenty sand immigrants from European countries, and this year in the two years' time all of us will have disappeared from the stage in all human months that have already transpired this rate of immigration is probability. increasing; and we are continually inviting immigration. The dif It seems to me that this measure might be just as effecti>e to ac ferent States, especially of the South and of the West, have by complish the purpose desired by limiting the time to five years, and emigration n.id societies, if I may so call them, enticed and invited by making other exceptions that might be proposed, not to extend immigrants to come here .from all the countries of Europe. it to the whole mass of Chinese laborers, not to extend it to every Now, Mr. President, when we stop and pause in that public policy person in China except a few favored, selected classes. The power and adopt the exactly opposite course and prevent and prohibit--for whichweaskedChinayielded to us. We, bytheterms of the former that is what the bill does-immigration, it is a · great step in our treaty that existed between China and the United States, had no national history. I do not doubt our right to do so; I do not doubt power to pass such a law as this; we had no power to prohibit this our power to do so; Congress may do it with or without regard to immigration; but when our difficulties were stated to China she the treaty. Congress may violate a treaty if to do so would promote yielded to us certain rights, the right to limit, restrain, or suspend, the public interest. No doubt our law, and this bill when passed by provided it should be done in a reasonable way, not to prohibit, not Congress being a law, would supersede any treaty that there may be to discriminate against the Chinese more than is absolutely neces on the statute-book on this subject. sary to meet the threatened evil in California. It seems to me we But, sir, it is a grave and a difficult problem how far we ought to have in this bill gone too far, and this bill has been framed not with go in this direction. Any step we take in this way is a reversal of the spirit of guarding the people of the Pacific coast against a threat the public policy of this country from the beginning. We have ened inundation of a pagan horde of contract laborers, but in the already taken care to make a treaty with China to enable us to pass spirit of reversing the whole policy of this Government, of exclud certain legislation limiting, restrainin~,. or suspending, but not pro ing all foreigners under a hue and cry against the Chinese race, how hibiting immigration from China to tnis country. That has been ever skilled, however useful, however meritorious they may be. done so that we violate no treaty if we conform to the terms of the It seems to me, sir, it is only the entering wedge of another policy recent treaty with China in our legislation; but when we in Con which may be in a short time proposed to exclude European labor gress pa..ss a law that no portion of the people of Asia, no portion of ers as well. It may open other doors of danger. There may be more than one-half the whole people of the civilized world, shall another and still greater reversal of the policy of this Government. come to this country, we take a grave and important step, and we That is the way I have felt about this bill. ·while I had no more ought to do it with care and deliberation. doubt of voting for it when the debate was opened, I feel on re When this debate commenced I had no more doubt about the flection that the committee, acting no doubt under the strong spirit necessity and propriety of votin~ for a bill on this subject than I had that animates all the Senators from the Pacific coast, perfectly hon as to any ordinary act of legislation, because I had become convinced est in their intention and design, have been guided by that spirit. that, although it was eJ;;ceptionallegisla.tion, contrary to the general They feel no doubt more keenly than the rest of us the danger that habits of our country, yet the dangers that threatened our ~acific threatens the Pacific coast; but they have gone too far. coa..st and might extend further and further eastward did demand I therefore feel disposed to vote for any amendments which will that we should pass some law to restrain and limit this immigra modify this bill and make the experiment of a suspension for say five tion; but it does seem to me, on consideration, that in the very first years of the immi~ation of this class of laborers. Then let us watch · act that is proposed under this treaty we have gone not only to the whether or not Within the five years the current of opinion may not extreme of the treaty but we have gone beyond the reasonable bounds change. Ten or fifteen years ago the people of California were anx of the treaty. We have not only suspended for twenty years all ious for this immigration. It was this immigration that enabled us lmmigratien of Chinese laborers here, but we have adopted all the to build the Central Pacific Raih'oad in such a rapid manner. Then most offensive features of European laws; we have adopted the pass this labor was courted, although it was d~graded. They have port system by which no man of the Chinese race can travel any changed their minds about it. It seems to me il we tried the experi where in the United States without showing his passport; we have mentfor five years, when the law could be renewed if Congress chose, a The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The next amendment is in the shape this, after he has passed through the custom-hou e and has landed, to of an additional section, proposed by the Senator from Oregon, [Mr. let him alone then while he remains peaceably in the United States. GROVER,] who is absent. It will be read. Mr. EDMUNDS. .As one member of the committee I assisted in The ACTING SECRETARY. It is proposed to add as an additional framing these amendments, although a good many,of the provisions section: did not meet my own sense of what it was wise and right to do. I SEc. - . That the words "Chinese laborers" wherever used in this a.ot shall be thought as the Senator from Ohio [Mr. SHERMAN] has stated, that construed to mean both skilled and unskilled laborers, and Chinese employed in we were pushing the thing unreasonably, particularly in regard to mining. the period of time, which I thought at first ought to be for :five years, Mr. EDMUNDS. I ask for the yeas and nays on that amendment. but I was willing to go for the general scope of the bill at ten. The yeas and nays were ordered, and the Principal Legislative When we came to the passport question, the suggestion made by Clerk called the roll. the Senator from Georgia appealed to our consideration. We did not Mr. PLATT. I wish to announce that on this amendment also I overlook it. First, we tested it by "the most favored nation" clause am paired with the Senator from Virginia, [Mr. JOHNSTON.] in the treaty, and on investigation we were all satisfied (althou~h Mr. SLATER. I desire to state that my colleague [Mr. GROVERl as a first impression I had great doubt about it, but I became satls is unable to attend the session of the Senate to-day, but is paired fied myself) that this passport provision would stand consistently with the Senat-or from Nebraska, [Mr. VANWYCK.] If my colleague With" the most favored nation" clause. We fout'ld one interesting were here he would vote '· vea" on this amendment and the Senator historic precedent not touching persons but what "the most favored from Nebraska woald votx. 'nay" I understand. nation" cl:Lnse meant in treaties, which confirmed us in the opinion Mr. HAWLEY. I am parred with the Senator from South Caro to which we came that the pa sport question is not touched by the lina, [Mr. BUTLER.] I should like to vote "nay." favored nation clause in the treaty. Secondly, we were of opinion Mr. DAVIS, of West Virginia. I wish to state that I am paired that this passport provision was one essential to the enjoyment of with the Senator from Minnesota [Mr. WINDOMl on all questions re those who are entitled to come and go, securing them against mo lating to this measure. I shall not trouble the Senate by repeating lestation and trouble, and so on. the announcement. What the Senator from Georgia moves to stl·ike out I shall cheer The result was announced-yeas 25, nays 22, as follows: fully vote to strike out. It happened to stand in some other provis YEAS--25. ion and was· put in. As it now stands it really amounts to nothing, Bayard, Farley, Jones of Nevada. Vance, because the Chinaman is only obliged to produce his passport when Beck, G-arland, Maxey, Vest ever it is lawfully demanded. There is not any law of the United Call, George, Miller of Cal., Voorhees, States that I know of in the interior of the country which authorizes Cameron of Wis., (}()rma.n, Morgan, Walker. any officer whatever to demand anything of anybody except the pay Cockrell, Harris, Pugh, Coke, Jackson, Ransom, ment of taxes. Therefore I have not the lea-st objection to striking Fa.i.r. Jonas Slat~r out th~ clause which the Senator proposes to strike out, but the main NAYS--22. provision the com'mittee thouW1t was not inconsistent with the Aldrich, Dawes, Ingalls, Morrill, "1nost favored nation" clause, after a most careful investigation of Allison, Edmunds, Lapham, Saunders, the history of those clauses; and secondly, we thou~ht that it was Blair, Frye, McDill, Sa-wyer, clearly within the real spirit, the beneficial spirit ot the treaty, for Brown, Hale, McMillan, Teller. the benefit of the people who under the treaty are still entitled to Con~er, Hill of Colorado, Miller of N. Y., DaVIS of illinois, Hoar, Mitchell, come and go. .A:BSENT-29. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question is on the amendment [Mr. Anthony, Hampton. Logan, Sewell, of the Senator from Georgia BROWN] to the substitute reported Butler, Hamson, McPherson, Sherman, :from the committee. · Camden, Hawley. Mahone, The question being put, there were on division-ayes 20, noes 22. Cameron of Pa., Hill of Georgia, Pendleton, ~)u!i~k, The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The motion to amend is lost. Davis of W.Va., Johnston, Platt, Windom.' Ferry, Jones of Florida, Plumb, Mr. BROWN. I ask for the yeas and nays. Groome, Kellogg, Rollins, Mr. EDMUNDS. We will secon«l the call for the yeas and nays; Grover, Lamar, Saulsbury, otherwise the thing is lost. At least I am willing to do so in order So the amendment to the amendment was agreed to. to open the que tion again. Mr. BROWN. In section 5, line 29, I move to strike out the words The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The amendment can be renewed in after "arrive." The latter part of the section reads thus : . the Senate. The Chair announced that it was lost. This passport and the identity of the person named in it shall, before such person :Mr. EDMlTh"'DS. It is theusualpractice, when a Senator immedi goes on board any vessel to proceed to the United States, be vised by the indorse ately afterward calls for the yeas and nays, to consider that he is in ment of the diplomatic representative of the United States in the Empire of China, time. or of the consUlar representative of the United States at the port or place from The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is there a econd to the call for which the person named in the passport is about to depart. Such passport shall be prima facie evidence of the fact set forth therein, and shall be produced to the col the yeas and nays Y lector of customs of the port in the district in the United States at which the The yeas and nays were ordered. person named therein shall arrive, and afterward produced to the proper author Mr. EDMUNDS. Now, I wish to appeal to the friends of the bill ities of the United States whenever lawfully demanded. to allow this amendment to be adQpted and save time. It does not It is the last clause which I propose to strike out, the words "and injure the bill a hair, in any possible particular. afterward produced to the proper authorities of the United States Mr. MILLER, of California. I do not consider the amendment of whenever lawfully demanded." any consequence whatever. I would as soon have the words stricken A British subject coming to the United States is not required, in out as not. the first place, to get a passport from his government. He is not Mr. FARLEY. Let it be reported, and if it is of no consequence required to have it vised by any representative of the United States we will withdraw objection to it. in Great Britain; he is not required to be kept on board when he The Acting Secretary read the amendment to the amendment. reaches a port of the United States until his name is reported t-o the The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The roll will be called. custom-house officer and an examination is made to see whether he Mr. BROWN. If it is permitted, I am willing to take the que tion corresponds to the description given of him in the passport; and he by another rising vote. is certainly not required to carry his pa sport in his pocket and pro Mr. EDMUNDS. Let us ask consent to withdraw the call for the duce it to every officer he meets in the United States who chooses to yeas and nays. demand it from him. .Mr. BROWN. Very well. We have agreed solemnly by the treaty that a Chinese subject shall The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The call for the yeas and nays is have the same rights, privileges, immunities, and exemptions which '\vithdrawn and a recount demanded. are accorded to a British subject or a German subject, ora subject of Mr. EDMUNDS. Let it be taken by a viva voce vote. I presume ~my other nation. We require this passport and all these burdensome there will be no objection to striking out the words. provisions of the subject of no other nation on earth, but propose, if The amendment to the amendment was agreed to. the bill passes, to require these conditions hereafter of the Chinese The bill wasreport,ed to the Senate as amended. subject. The Chinaman coming here is usually not able to speak our The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question is on concurring in languaO'e. After he has landed at the American port and has pre the sundry amendments made as in Committee of the Whole. sented hls passport there, it seems to me it is surely an unnecessary Mr. EDMUNDS. There is only one amendment, because we have burden to require him from time to time to produce the pas port to been amending the amendment of the committee. an officer of the United States. If his baggage should be misplaced, Mr. PLATT. There was a ection added relating to naturaliza- or if in any way he should lose the passport or it should be destroyed tion. . after he has landed in the United States, not being able to speak our Mr. EDMUNDS. But that was an amendment to the amendment. language, not understanding our laws or our forms of procedure, he It is all one amendment now. Am I not right, Mr. President f might be seized and fined and imprisoned for being found here ille The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator is right. gally, and be unable to defend himself. Mr. EDMUNDS. Then the bill being in the Senate, I move to It seems to me that to that extent apeastthisis averyunreasona amend the amendment made as in Committee of the Whole, or my ble burdoo to impose upon the Chinaman. I think the advocates of friend from Kansas (:Mr. L~GALLS] can make it again, as he moved the bill might at least be content when they have cumbered him the amendment before- with a,ll the restrictions that are mentioned in the bill previous to :Mr. INGALLS. The usual practice is, I believe, to act upon tJJ.e . 1882. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 1751 .amendments which have been agreed to as in Committee of the Mr. HOAR. Why not forty 'f Whole, and then for the Chair to announce that the bill is open to Mr. ~!ILLER, of California. I do not know that that would be .amendment. It was my purpose, as I had announced, to renew the extravagant, but we are not contending for such a long period . .amendment I had offered substituting ten years for twenty years in · Mr. HOAR. Will the Senator allow me to inquire why not forty the bill. as well as twenty Y Mr. ED:MUNDS. There was only one amendment made as in Com Mr. MILLER, of California. I should not object to forty; but we mittee of the Whole, because we have been on the amendment of the are not contending for that. There is no use in raising a hypothet ·Committee on Foreign Relations all the time. ical ca~e here. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question is on concurring in Mr. HOAR. May I ask the Senator a question f Does he deem the the amendment made as in Committee of the Whole. good faith of this nation bound not to prohibit the coming of these Mr. INGALLS. Inline 4of section 1, I move to strike out the word laborers f "twentv" and insert " ten," and on that I ask for the yeas and nays. Mr. MILLER, of California. I will answer that by saying that The PRESIDENT pro tempo1'e. The Senator from Kansas will wait under the recent treaty we have the right to suspend this immigra until the Chair puts the question whether the Senate will concurin tion so called. I do not know what the word "suspension" means -the committee amendment. if it does not mean to stop it for sometime. \Vhen the Senatorfrom Mr. EDMUNDS. No; then it will be too late. Massachusetts is speaking and the Secretary of the President of the Mr. ~GALLS. The Senator from Vermont suggests, (and upon United States appears at the door, the President of the Senate asks -reflection I concur with him,) inasmuch as this is an entire amend him to suspend his remarks. ment which has been agreed to as a substitute for the bill, if the Mr. HOAR. Not for twenty years. Senate should concur in the amendment my amendment could not be Mr. MILLER, of California. Until the secretary of the President made without a reconsideration of that vote; I therefore now offer has made his report to the Senate. The Senator does not keep on the amendment in the Senate. talking; he stops. That is what the word" suspend'' means. It The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question is on the amendment means to stop for a time. -of the Senator from Kansas to the amendment made as in Commit We have also the power to regulate this immigration under the tee of the Whole, which will be read. recent treaty, and "regulate" is a word of very broad meaning and The ACTING SECRETARY. In section 1, line 4, before the word broad signification. I do not see that it contravenes the treaty or "years," it is proposed to strike out "twenty" and insert "ten," so the spirit of the treaty in the least to make this term twenty years. .as to read: It was urged here in argument yesterday that the commi sioners That from and after the expiration of ninety days next after the pas~mge of this understood that the term was to be short. The commissioners re act, and until the expiration of ten yeara next after the -paasage of thiS act, the fused to agree to a short term of suspension. -coming of Chinese laborers to the United States be, and the same is hereby, sus I want to say to the Senator from Mas achusetts that the leaders pended. of the Republican party in this country caused us on the Pacific The PRESIDENT pro tempore. On the amendment of the Senator coa~t to believe that he and they were in favor of the restriction of from Kansas the yeas and nays are demanded. Chinese immigration. The Republican candidate for the Pre idency, The yeas and nays were ordered. in speaking of the fact that a commission had been sent to China, dis Mr. JONES, of Nevada. Mr. President, I wish to say but a few tinctly said in his letter of acceptance that if that commission failed words on this amendment. The subject of Chinese immigration has to obtain the consent of China to such a restriction, if their efforts very largely agitated the public mind of the Pacific coast for many there failed, it would be the duty of ConO'ress-- _years. As has been stated on this floor, there are large numbers of Mr. HARRIS. Will the Senator from California yield 'I I simply Chinamen on the coast to-day occupying the positions of artisans in desire to inquire of the Senator from California if it would not be most of the industrial pursuits there, to the exclusion in a great meas more agreeable to him to conclude his remarks to-morrow Y ure of the white artisans. Mr. ~IILLER, of California. I have not any further remarks to Twenty years may seem a long time in the life of a man, but it is make. I am about to conclude now. .a very short time in the life of a nation, and especially iL the life of Mr. HARRIS. I simply desire to consult the convenience of the .a nation that measures its existence by :fifty centuries of time. If Senator. this amendment should be agreed to we shall scarcely know.a cessa Mr. MILLER, of Californitt. I am willing to vote now. I was tion of the discussion upon the Pacific coast; it will not be more simply urging some considerations why the period of suspension than two or three years before the subject will be brought up again, should not be reduced. I am willing to take a vote on the amend .and the country be agitated for the passage of a law at the end of ment now . the ten years' time. During that period the Chinamen who are there lli. HOAR. I wish to say in reply to the honorable Senator from would not seek to go back, because from the restriction of the num California that I do not so read the Republican platform. It states ber of Chinese laborers who could come to the coast the natural ten that- dency would be for a little improvement in the condition of those Since the authority to regulate immigration and intercourse between the United who are there. The processes of time could not operate so as to States and foreign nations rests with the Congress of the United States and the treaty-making power, the Republican party, regarding the unrestricted immigra eliminate from their numbers in the ten years, and the Congress of tion of the Chinese as a matter of grave concernment, under the exercise of both the country would scarcely be any wiser at the end of the ten years these powers, would limit and restrict that immigration by the enactment of snch in dealing with this question than they are to-day. just, humane, and reasonable laws and treaties as will produce that resuJt. We wish repose we wish rest, and we wish that a sufficient amount Undoubtedly the coming of what have been described as cooly of time shall be ahowed to test this political formula. I apprehend laborers, undoubtedly the coming of the poor classes which have that scarcely any great question like this can be tested in ten years' been discussed here, ma.y be properly regulated by law, but it is only time. The immigration has continued for thirty years ; and as I said such provisions as are "just, humane, and reasonable" to which the before, although twenty years may seem a long time in a man's life Republican party commits itself. it is but a little time I hope in the life of this natipn. It is but a little Mr. SHERMAN. The term during which this proposed law is to time as we know in the life of the Chinese nation. Before great last is the most important feature of the whole bill. I want to sim changes could be made so as to show what the effect is the ten years ply remind the Senate of what occurred in regard to the Hawaiian would be over; in fact, in five or six years, in two or three years, the treaty. At the urgent request of the Pacific coast the Senate ap discussion might commence again. proved and ratified the Hawaiian treaty, aud the House and Senate I conjure the Senate to stand by the period of twenty years, because passed laws to carry it out. It was by its terms to last, I think, for that will give time enough to show to the country whether we wht> ten years, but finally reduced to seven years. In those seven years have advocated this bill are earnest in our ideas or not. we lost about $10,000,000 of reveuue, and I do not believe the people Mr. MILLER, of California. I wish to suggest to the Senator from of California gained one single thing, not an abatement of a quarter Nevada another consideration, which is that the effect of Chinese of a cent a pound on sugar, and I am told now there is a very strong immigration has been to prevent and keep out white immigration. sentiment in that State for abrogating the treaty, which they were The consequence of a short period would be to settle up the country before so anxious to continue for a long period. That may be the by Chinese. We want white immigration from the older States and case now and if this period is reduced to ten years it takes away from from Europe for the settlement of the country. If the term of this the bill- suspension is short, and the people we want know that in ten years Mr. FARLEY. This is to be a law. We can repeal the law, but the flood-gates will be opened again to the Chine e, they are not going cannot repeal the treaty. to come to California, because about the time they would begin to Mr. SHERMAN. That makes no difference. We reduced the term settle in that country the Chinese would come in again, and they ofthe Hawaiian treaty to seven years, and now I doubt very much would come in competition with that race. That is an additional whether California would be willing to renew that treaty just as it reason why we are contending for the longer term. is. At all events, there is anevidenceofthechangeofpopularsenti We want this question settled. If settled at all we want it settled ment in that community; it is the same on the Pacific coast as else so that it will remain settled for at least nearly twenty years. The where. If this experiment can be tried for ten years, then if the agitation in the case of a shorter period, as the Senator from Nevada people of the United States are satisfied with it they can renew it for said, would begin directly, and as the time approaches toward the another ten years and there would be no difficulty. end of this suspen.Sion it would become fiercer and fiercer, and we 1\Ir. FARLEY. Let us vote on the amendment. should be continuallvin the state of unrest which we are now in and Mr. SHERMAN. I am willing to vote. from which we desire to escape. If it be ri~htto suspend this inu:IU~ The PRESIDENT pro ternpore. The roll will be called on the amend _gration for ten years it is right to sus~end 1t ~?~ ~w~~t! !~!~!'§ , ment of the Senator from Kansas, [Mr. INGALLS.] . ... . -· . .. ~ 1752 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. MARon 9, The Principal Legislative Clerk proceeded to call the roll. proposition to prohibit this immigration during the life of the :pres Mr. CAMDEN, (when his name was called.) I repeat that I am ent generation. ·can we do it in good faith, in the face of a stipula paired with the Senator from Rhode Island, [Mr. ANTHONY.] tion that we will suspend only, not prohibit, and that all our legis Mr. FARLEY, (when Mr.liAMPTON'snamewascalled.) The Sen lation shall be rea-sonable f With my understanding of what is right, ator from South Carolina [Mr. HAMPTON] sent word by a Senator to with my understanding of what is my duty in my endeavor to keep get him paired on this subject, and I have succeeded in pairing him good faith with those with whom my country makes treat,ies, I can with the Senator from Pennsylvania, [Mr. MITCHELL.] The Senator not vote for t.he period of twenty years. from South Carolina would vote "nay" if he were here. Hence, the amendment of the Senator from Kansas having failed, :Mr. McPHERSON, (when his name was called.) I am paired with I must record my vote against the bill; but! wanttoputuponrecord my co~:§~' [Mr. SEWELL.] I should vote "nay" if he were here. my earnest desire to do something, if the citizens of the Pacific coast Mr. Y, (when his name was called.) On this particular would be satisfied with what I thought was reasonable to help them amendment I am paired with th~ Senator from Indiana, [Mr. HAR out of the difficulties which seem to surround them. RISON,) who is necessarily absent. I should vote "nay" if he were I undel'Stand that both of the great political parties of the day here, and the Senator from Indiana would vote "yea.'' have in a measure pledged themselves in aid of the people of the Mr. PLATT, (when his name was called.) If the Senator from Pacific coast with reference to Chinese immigration; but they have Virginia [Mr. J OHNSTO~] with whom I am paired were here, !should not (at least I have not so understood the pledges) pledged them vote " yea.'' selves to do an unTeasonable thing. They have not pledged them Mr. PUGH, (when his name was called.) I am paired with the selves to do a thing that would be in violation of good faith, in vio Senator from Louisiana [Mr. KELLOGG] on this question. I should lation of the spirit and the terms of the treaty. vote ''nay" if he were here. Now that we have come to this stage of the bill, and as the Senate, Mr. SHERMAN, (when his name was called.) I am paired with, after the long discussion tha.t has been had, has by a majority de my collea!rue, [Mr. PE:m>LETON.] termined to retain the limit of twenty years mentioned in the bill as l\Ir. VEST, (when his name was called.) I am paired with the reported by the committee, I have no other course left for me, with Senator from Nebraska, [Mr. SAUNDERS.] He is for the amendment, my understanding of my duty, than to give a negative vote again t and I am aga.inst it. the bill. Mr. BECK, (when the name of Mr. WILLIAMS was called.) My The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question is on concurring in colleague [Mr. WILLIAMs) is detained in Kentucky by sickness in the amendment made as in Committee of the Whole. · his family. I do not know how he would vote on this amendment. The amendment was concurred in. The roll-call was concluded. The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, and was Mr. HAWLEY. I am paired with the Senator from South C:u-olina read the third time. [Mr. BUTLER] on this question. The PRESIDENT pm ternpore. Sl}all the bill pass f The result was announced-yeas 20, nays 21; as follows: Mr. EDMUNDS. On that question I ask for the yeas and nays. YEAS-20. The yeas and nays were ordered. .Aldrich, Davis of Illinois, Ho'U', Mahone, Mr. EDMUNDS. Mr. President, after what the Sena.tor from Iowa Allison, Dawes, Ingalls, Morrill, [Mr. McDILL] has so well said, I do not thinkit necessary or desira Blair, Edmunds, Lapham, Plumb, ble that I should occupy more than a moment of your time. I agree Brown, Frye, McDill, Sawyer, I Conger, Hale, McMillm, Teller. to what he has said entirely. I was desirous of accomplishing what N.A.YS-21. the intelligent people of California think is for their interest, not in :Bayard, Farley, Jones of N evatla., Vance, injuring anybody else but in suspending for a reasonable time the Beck' Garland, Miller of Ca.l., V oo:rhees, . incoming of an alien people who our friends in California think are can,' George, Miller ofN. Y., Walker. injurious to their welfare. Cameron of Wis., Gorman, Morgan, The people of California, like the people of the rest of the United Coke, Jackson, Ransom, Jonas, Slater, States, have not only the interest that I have named, but they have Fair, the interest of honor and good faith to look after. They through .A.BSENT--35. their representative, the Government of the United States, have Anthony, Hampton, Lamar, Sanlsbury, Butler, Hams, Logan, Saunders, entered into a compact that binds their good faith as well as it does Camden, Harrison, McPherson, Sewell, ours, ·as p:u-t of the people of this Government. That good faith is Cameron of Pa., Hawley, Maxey Sherman, pledged to the Empire of China in amity and good-will to exercise Cockrell, Hill of Colorado, MitchelL VanWyck, this power, (which we bad inherently, but which we had surrendered Davis ofW. Va., Hill of Georgia., Pendleton, Vest, Ferry, Johnston, Platt, Williams, by a former treaty,) carefully, prudently, reasonably, in order that Groome, Jones of Florida, Pul!b, Windom. we might test by a s11spension for a fair time the experiment of see Grover, Kellogg, Ro1liris, ing what would become of the Chinamen here and of the interests of So the amendment to the amendment was rejected. the United States meantime. l\Ir. INGALLS. I have no further amendment to offer, but I call In the face of that it is proposed by this bill to absolutely prohibit, the attention of the Senate to the rem:u-kable condition in which not in technical violation of the treaty but in violation of its spirit, section 14 leaves any Chinamen who may unlawfully come within the incoming of these peoplefortwenty yeal'S, no matter now, as the the jurisdiction of the United States under the provisions of this bill. amendment is, how intelligent the Chinese man may be, no matter Section 4 declares, beginning in line 4 : . how skillful he may be, no matter that he has discovered the mea:as And any Chinese who shall knowingly come into the United States contrary to of ameliorating the condition of workingmen and other people and the provis10Dl! of this act shall be deemed £Uilty of a. misdemeanor, and on convic can bring hisknowledgeofthatdiscoverytothepeopleofthe United tion thereof shall be punished by a. fine not exceeding $100, or by imprisonment not States in a thousand of the arts that enter into the welfare and hap .exceeding one year, or both said punishments, in the discretion of the court. piness of mankind. If be is a man who works not only with his That is, he is to be subject to fine and imprisonment by the court. hands as a servile laborer but who works like the intelligent mechanic The next clause declares that if he comes into the country unlaw of New England, like the Irishman or German man, who has brought fully he shall be removed to China by the collector of customs. It his skill from another country to contribute to his own welfare and leaves him in rather a bad condition. Itisnotapparentbytbeterms ours here, he is tabooed, with his family and his children, and is of the proposed law whether he is first to be fined and imprisoned absolutely excluded for twenty years, the whole of the lifetime, fGr and then sent abroad, or whether he is first to be sent abroad and practical purposes, of any family anY.w here on the face of the earth, then fined and imprisoned. . from seeking the benefit of our free institutions and contributing his Mr. McDILL. Mr. Presiden~ I have had an earnest desire to sup knowledge, and his skill, and his intelligence to the welfare of our port this bill for the reason that I feel that I must pay attention to own people and to the welfare of himself, when there is room enough the voice of those gentlemen who live where the Chinese mostly on this continent yet for us all. come, and whose voice seems to be almost unanimous against their Is that honorable toward the Government of China and its peo presence. ple Y Is it that reasonable good faith and amity that we are bound In listening to the discussion, I have not been able to raise in my to exercise to a friendly country f Is it more than that, I will say to own mind any doubt about the power of Congress to restrict, to the friends of this measure, as it now stands-is it that wise policy regulate, or to suspend the immigration of tho Chinese; hence I which will bring succes to any politician who is seeking to make a have voted for all amendments that seemed to me to be within the party call upon some other nationality to help him in a raid of this spirit of the treaty; but there is a broad distinction in my mind kindY between suspending immigration and prohibiting it. "Suspend" The people of the California coast, although they do not want the has a meaning much more limited than "prohibit;" and the very Chinaman just now, aB they did want him a few years ago and got terms of the treaty with China, as well as the discussion with refer him, want the trade of that empire. They want the enormous re ence to the treaty, show that the Chinese people understood the sources that that will pour out for the wealth and the benefit of man difference between the terms "suspend" and "prohibit." It does kind to come to us; and wishing it they must competefor it. They seem to me that a proposition to prohibit this immigration for twenty must enter into a contest with every other of the several civilized years, in the face of a stipulation in the treaty that the suspension, nations besides us that are still left on the face of the globe, for the regulation, or restriction shall be reasonable, is one that ought not supremacy in that trade and for the wealth that it brings. How are to be entertained by a faith-keeping people. you best to do it f By insolence f By unkindness f By dishonor f Twenty years is the whole active life of almost any man; I believe If anybody thinks that is a good way, he is about to try the experi in the old law books twenty-five years is called a life; and this is a ment. 1882. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 1753 If you are desirous of promoting the welfare and the wealth ·of this ing upon the traditions and practice of our own people, and inaugu country by making the Golden Gate a gate of gold, into which the rating here the spirit of that government whose people it is said are wealth of the East shall be poured, you must do it by cultivating unfit to come among us. friendly relations with that supreme and enormous empire that exists In my judgment, the principle which the Senator from Nevada upon the western shores of the·Pacific; and your first step to do it [Mr. JONES] so ably stated here to-day, that of homogeneity of race, is not the mere one that they have agreed we may take for a reason which leads him to advocate the passage of this bill, to my mind able and temporary time, to suspend a particular class of immigra leads to an entirely contrary conclusion. It is the homogeneity of tion, but you make practically an indefinite prohibition against, not :five thousand years resulting according to the argument in the stag the servile labor of that empire, but against the intelligence, the nation of to-day, and in the sinking of a cesspool in the midst of skill, the co-or :Mr. HA.WLEY. In justice to three absent Senators I desire to ask very measure which has just passed took the precedence of the tariff •unanlinousconsent--- commission bill. I do not know that there are any speeches to be The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill is not disposed of. made upon it. Mr. HAWLEY. Very well; I will wait. Mr. HOAR. It is my belief that that bill will take a month. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question is on agreeing to the Mr. BAYARD. That is an assertion which we must try before we -preamble. · · can admit. The preamble was agreed to, as follows: Mr. MORRILL. It will not take two days. Whereas in the opinion of the Government of.the United States the coming of Mr. BAYARD. I trust the Senate, considering the order of busi ~ chinese laborers to this country endangers the good order of certain localities ness and the fact of the importance of the tariff-commission bill, · within the territory thereof: Therefore. will not now suffer it to be dislodged from the position it is entitled The PRESIDENT p1·o tempore. The question is on amending the to before the Senate. It was understood I say that when the Chi -title so as to make it read: "A bill to execute certam treaty stipu nese bill had been considered the next business in order would be the · lations relating to Chinese." The Chair hears no objection to this tariff-commission bill, and I· move that it be made the order and taken .amendment to the title. up now. Mr. HOAR. 'Vould it be in order to move to strike out the word Mr. MORGAN. I had the floor and had submitted my motion. . "execute" and insert the word "violate f" The PRESIDENT pro tempm·e. The question is on the motion of 'rb.e PRESIDENT pro tentport . No, sir, that is not in order. the Senator from Alabama. Mr. HOAR. I move to striku out the word "execute" and insert Mr. MORGAN. My motion was that the Senate proceed to the con "the word "violate." sideration of the Japanese indemnity bill. Mr. TELLER and others. Too late. Mr. ALLISON. Pending that I wish to move an adjournment, and The PRESIDENT pro tempore. It is too late. we can dispose to-morrow of the order of business. Mr. HOAR. How can it be too late! Mr. MORGAN. Will the Senator yield for a moment 7 I think I The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The title ha-s been amended as can persuade the Senate that we can dispose of the Japanese indem ·.reported. nity bill in a few hours. Mr. HAWLEY. I desire to make a statement in justice to three Mr. ALLISON. The Senator can do that much better to-morrow -absent Senators; I did not get here in time or I should have done it morning. It seems to me it is impossible for us now to decide what in the morning hour. Messrs. SEWELL, HARRISON, and HAMPTON shall be the order of business to-morrow. . are necessarily absent in an investigation at the Soldiers' Home, and Mr. MORGAN. With the understanding that I ha.ve the floor on left a note at my desk which I did not get in season, asking permis that motion to-morrow I yield for that purpose. >sion of the Senate to be so absent. Mr. TELLER. I move an adjournment. Mr. BAYARD. I give notice that I shall antagonize the motion ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED. to-morrow. A message from the Honse of Representatives, by Mr. McPHERSON, The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Chair will recognize the Sena. its Clerk, announced that the Speaker of the House had signed the tor from Alabama to-morrow to make his motion and the Senator following enrolled bills; and they were thereupon signed by the .from Delaware to antagonize it. -President pro tempo're: Mr. CALL. I wish to give notice that to-morrow morning I shall A bill (S. No. 130) for the relief of Paulina Jones, widow of Alex call up after the morning business the resolution submitted by me ~ ander Jones, deceased, late of Company E, Second North Carolina relative to Chili and Peru. Infantry; The PRESIDENT pro tentpore. The Senator from Colorado moves A bill (S. No. 143) for the relief of Charles Collins; that the Senate adjourn. A bill (S. No. 242) for the relief of S. Rosenfeld & Co.; The motion was agreed to; and (at five o'clock and forty minutes A bill (S. No. 266) for the relief of George W. Wicks & Co., of p.m.) the Senate adjourned. Louisville, Kentucky; A bill (S. No. ~1) for the relief of Frank D. Yates and others; A bill ( S. No. 387) directing the Secretary of War to pay over to the :Society of the Army of the Cumberland $7,500 to aid in the erection · of a statue or monument to James Abram Garfield; HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. A bill (S. No. 491) for the relief of Henry P. Rolfe; . THURSDAY, March 9, 1882. A bill (S. No. 494) directing the issue of a duplicate check to Will =iam J. Anthony, a pensioner of the United States; The House met at twelve o'clock m. Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. A bill (S. No. 788) grantin~ a pension to Olive Stephenson; and F. D. POWER. . A bill (S. No. 1092) authonzing and directin~ the purchase by the The Journal of yesterday was read and approved. ! Secretary of the Treasury, for the public use, of the propertJ known ORDER OF BUSINESS . . as the Freedman's Bank and the real estate and parcels o ground -adjacent thereto, belonging to the Freedman's Savings and Trust Mr. BERRY. I ask unanlinons consent, Mr. Speaker, to take from · Company, and located on Pennsylvania avenue, between Fifteenth the Calendar the bill (H. R. No. 1992) for the relief of the savings -and Fifteenth-and-a-half streets, Washington, District of Columbia. bank of Santa Rosa, California. This is a bill the sole object of which is'to make the law applicable to a check for 1,052 the same ORDER OF BUSL.~SS. as if the amount were only $1,000. Under the general law a lost Mr. MORGAN. I move that the Senate proceed to the considera check for 1,000 may be reissued, but where the amount exceeds ·tion of the bill (S. No. 85) in relation to the Japanese indemnity $1,000 special legislation has to be obtained. fund. The SPEAKER. The Chair will cause the title of the bill to be The ·PRESIDENT pro ternpm·e put the question, and declared that read, ·after which objections will be a-sked for. •the noes appeared to prevail. ' The title of the bill was read. Several Senators called for a division. Mr. McCOrD. I object. Mr. HOAR. What is the motion Y Mr. DAVIS, of illinois. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanlinous consent to The PRESIDENT p1·o temp01·e. To proceed to the consideration of submit the following report from the Committee on Military Affairs. ·.the Japanese indemnity bill. Mr. SPRINGER. I object. . Mr. MORRILL. I move that the Senate do now adjourn. Mr. BERRY. I shall be compelled to object to all requests for ·Mr. HOAR. I ask the indulgence of the Senate one moment. unanlinous consent unless objection is withdrawn to the request Mr. MORRILL. I withdraw my motion. which I have made. Mr. HOAR. I gave notice several days ago that at the close of the Mr. CALKlliS. Then I demand the regular order. bill just disposed of I should move to take up the bill in regard to the Mr. ANDERSON. I ask unanbnous consent--- Presidential count. That bill, so far as I know, is unanimously ap Mr. D.A. VIS, of lllinois. I demand the regular order. proved by the comm1. ttee to whom it was referred. It has once passed The SPEAKER. The demand for the regular order cuts off all the Senate by a very decided majority, which majority was composed applications for unanlinous consent. Tho regular order is the morn -of gentlemen of both parties. I do not believe that it will take a ing hour for the call of committees. very long time for discussion, but for obvious reasons it ought to Mr. Al"\fDERSON. The gentleman withdraws his demand for the reach the other House pretty soon; and there is not now, that I can regular order so far as this request is concerned. see, any possible political consideration that can affect it. I appeal The SPEAKER. The regular order is called for on all sides. to the Senate, therefore, to allow me to move to make that bill the SECTIONS 3244 AXD 368!) REVISED STATUTES. pending business. 1t1r. BAYARD. Mr. President, I understand and appreciate fully Mr. DUNNELL, from the Committee on Ways and Means, reported the importance of the bill to which the Senator from Massachusetts a. bill (H. R. No. 5008) to a.mend sections 3244 and 3689 of the Re refers, and I am disposed to believe that I shallfa.vor the passage of vised Statutes of the United States; which was read a first and sec that bill; but after all there must be some respect to priority of ond time, referred to the Honse Calendar, and, with the a-ccompany measures which are brought before the body-I mean priority in the ing report, ordered to be printed. simple question of time. The bill to create a tariff commission has REMOVAL OF CAUSES FROM STATE COURTS. been before the Senate; it has been discussed from time to time, and 1\Ir. _CULBERSON, from the Committee on the Judiciary, reported has given way to otl:er measures. On the vote of the Senate, the back with a favora.b~~ J;e~om.m.enA~~~o~ tl!~ l?iH (R. R. No. ~123) to 1882. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 1755 amend sections 1, 2, 3, and 10 of an act to determine the jurisdiction PUBLIC BUILDISG AT SYRACUSE. of the circuit courts of the United States, and to regulate the removal Mr. SHALLENBERGER. I am directed by the Committee on Pub of causes from State courts and for other purposes, approved March lic Buildings and Grounds to report a substitute for a bill now on the 3, 1875; which was referred to the Honse Calendar, and the accom Calendar of the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the panying report ordered to be printed. Union, the bill (H. R. No. 4172) to provide for the erection of a public TRANSMISSION OF MERIDIAN TIME. bUilding in the city of Syracuse, New York, and to ask that the sub Mr. WHITE, from the Committee on Commerce, reported, as a sub stitute take the place of the bill on the Calendar. stitute for House bill No. ·594, a bill (H. R. No. 5009) to provide for The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Pennsylvania asks that the transmitting the meridian time of the Naval Observatory at Wash bill reported as a substitute for the bill now on the Calendar hereto ington to ports of entry and other cities, and for placing time-balls fore reported shall take its place. Is there objection Y on custom-houses for the protection of Qommerce, and for other pur There was no objection, and the substitute, a bill having the same poses; which was read a first and second time, referred to the Com number and title, to provide for the erection of a public building iu mittee of the Whole Honse on n " state of the Union, and, with the the city of Syracuse, New York, was referred to the Committee of the accompanying report, ordered to be printed. Whole Honse on the state of the Union, to take the place of House MARINE HOSPITAL AT CINCINNATI. bill No. 4172, aud, with the accompanying report, ordered to be printed. Mr. McLANE, from the Committee on Commerce, reported back MATERIALS FOR PUBLIC BUILDINGS. with a favorable recommendation the bill (H. R. No. 11683) to pro Mr. COOK, from the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds, vide for the establishment of a marine hospital at Cincinnati, Ohio ; reported back with amendments the bill (H. R. No. 4607) clirecting which was referred to the Committee on Appropriations, and the that all public lmildin~s shall be constructed of mat-erials found in accompanying report ordered to be printed. the State where the buildings are to be erected; which was referred MARINE SIGNALS. to the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union, and the amendments and report ordered to be printed. Mr. GUENTHER, from the Committee on Commerce, reported back with a favorable recommendation the joint resolution (H. R. No. ADD ISO~ AI. SAWYER. 138) to create an international commission upon marine signals; Mr. SPOONER, from the Committee on Patents, reported a bill (H. ·which was referred to the Honse Calendar, and the accompanying R. No. 5011) for the relief of Addison :M. Sawyer; which wa-s read a report ordered to be printed. first and second time, referred to the Committee of the Whole House Mr. GUENTHER also, from the same committee, reported back on the Private Calendar, and, with the accompanying report, ordered the bill (H. R. No. 707) to amend section 4233 of the Revised Statutes to be printed. of the United States, in relation to danger signals; which was referred CLARK MILLS. to the House Calendar, and, with the accompanying report, ordered Mr. VANCE, from the Committee on Patents, reported back with to be printed. a favorable recommendation the bill (H. R. No. 4270) for the relief RAILWAY BRIDGE ACROSS THE l\IISSISSIPPI RIVER. of Clark l\1ills; which was referred to the Committee of the Whole Mr. WASHBURN, from the Committee on Commerce, reported HoURe on the Private Calendar, and the accompanying report ordered back with amendments the bill (H. R. No. 4440) to establish a rail to be printed. way bridge across the Mississippi River, extending from a point be L. MADISON DAY. tween Wabasha and Read's Landing, in Minnesota: to a point below 1\fr. MASON, from the Committee on Claims, reported a bill (H. R. the month of the Chippewa River; which wns referred to the Honse No. 5012) for the relief of L. 1\fadison Day; which was read a first Calendar, and the amendments and report ordered to be printed. and second time, referred to the Committee of the Whole on the Pri ARMY OFFICERS. vate Calendar, and, with the accompanying report, ordered to be Mr. DAVIS, of Illinois, from the Committee on Military Affairs, printed. reported back with amendments the bill (H. R. No. 2751) relating THO:rt1AS A. l\I1LAUGHLIN. to officers of the Army; which was referred to the Committee of the Mr. THOMPSON, of Iowa, from the Committee on Claims, reported Whole on the state of the Union, and the amendments and report back with a favorable recommendation the bill (H. R. No.1385) for the ordered to be printed. relief of Thomas A. McLaughlin; which was referred to the Com UI;!E OF TENTS, ETC., AT SOLDIERS' REUNIONS. mittee of the Whole Honse on the Private Calendar, and the accom Mr. HENDERSON, from the Committee on Military Affairs, re panying report ordered to be printed. ported back with a favorable recommendation the joint resolution J. E. LABATT. (H. R. No. 132) granting the use of arlicles1 tents, &c., at the en l\1r. MILLS, from the Committee on Claims, reported adversely the campment of the Grand Army of the Repnbllc of the Department of bill(H.R:No.1710) forthereliefofJ. E. Labatt; which was laid upon Pennsylvania on the battle-field of Gettysburgh, in July, 188'2; which the table, and the accompanying report ordered to be printed. was referred to the House Calendar, and the accompanying report A. J. GUTHRIE. ordered to be printed. Mr. HENDERSON also, from the same committee, reported back Mr. TURNER, of Georgia, from the Committee on Claims, reported with a favorable recommendation the joint resolution (H. R. No. back with a favorable recommendation the bill (H. R. No. 2371) for 130) granting the use of articles, tents, &c., at the soldiers' reunion the benefit of A. J. Guthrie; which was referred to the Committee to be held at Grand Island, Nebraska, in the month of .August, 18&2. of the Whole on the Private Calendar, and the accompanying report Mr. VALENTINE. That joint resolution pa.ssed the House long ordered to be printed. ago. JOSEPH F. WILSON. Mr. HENDERSON. Then I move. it be laid on the table without Mr. FORD, from the Committee on Private Land Claims, reported, prejudice. as a substitute for House bill No. 2215, a bill (H. R. No. 5013) for the The motion was agreed to. relief of Joseph F. Wilson ; which wa-s read a first and second time, Mr. HENDERSON also, from the same committee, reported back referred to the Committee of the Whole House on the Private Calen with a favorable recommendation the bill (H. R. No. 3278) to author dar, and, vlth the accompanying report, ordered to be printed. ize the Secretary of War to loan tents to the Northwestern Missouri GROUNDS SOUTH OF THE CAPITOL • .and Southwestern Iowa Veteran Soldiers' Association; which was referred to the House Calendar, and the accompanying report ordered l\1r. URNER, from the Committee on the District of Columbia, re to be printed. ported a joint resolution (H. R. No. 159) making an appropriation for filling up, draining, and placing in good sanitary condition the COJ\IMISSIONER ·OF INDIAI.~ AFFAIRS. grounds south of the Capitol along the line of the old canal, and for Mr. BUCK, from the Committee on Indian Affairs, reported a bill other purposes; which was read a first and second time, referred to {H. R. No. 5010) to increase the salary of the Commissioner of Indian the Committee of the Whole Honse on the state of the Union, and, Affairs; which was read a first and second time, referred to the Com with the accompanying report, ordered to be printed. mittee of the Whole Honse on the state of the Union, and, with the a.ccompanying report, ordered to be printed. TRUE PUT.J\'"EY. Mr. NEAL, from the same committee, reported adversely the peti GEORGE STORRS. tion of True Putney, asking relief from payment of certain taxes on M:r. BLANCHARD, from the Committee on Indian Affairs, reported lots in Washington, District of Columbia; which was laid on the back with a favorable recommendation the bill (H. R. No. 3137) table, and the accompanying report ordered be prit~.ted. for the relief of George Storrs ; which was referred to the Committee to of the WholeHouse on the Private Calendar, and the accompanying THOMAS G. CORBlli. report ordered to be printed. l\1r. 1\IORSE, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, reported back STATE OF WASHINGTON. with a favorable recommendati<;n the bill (H. R. No. 917) for t.he re Mr. ALDRICH, from the Committee on the Tenitories, reported lief of Thomas G. Corbin; which was referred to the Committee of back with amendments the bill (H. R. No. 1925) to provide for the the Whole on the Private Calendar, and the accompanying report formation and admission into the Union of the State of Washing ordered to be printed. ton; which was referred to the Committee of the Whole Honse on • MAJOR LUCIEN L. DAWSON. the state of the Union, and the amendments and report ordered to be 1\lr. MORSE, from the same committee, also reported back adversely printed. the bill (H. R. No. 2585) for the relief of Major LuciAn L. Dawsou: 1756 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 9, which was laid on the table, and the accompanying report ordered embarrassed because of the legal difficulty at present existing in the · to be printed. way of e},.rportation by rail. ORDER OF BUSINESS. Mr. HATCH. I desire to say to the gentleman very frankly that The SPEAKER. The call of committees for reports has been con until the wishes of this House as expressed by their vote recently: cluded. upon the bill in reference to free leaf tobacco are heeded ~ythe C<;>m Mr. VALENTINE. I desire to move to go into Committee of the mittee on Ways and Means, we do not proposethatanyl)ill relating Whole. to the subject of tobacco shall be considered by unanimous consent. SMOKING IN THE HALL. Mr. KELLEY. Let the tobacco growers and manufacturers of the country know that it is the gentleman who inflicts this injury upon The SPEAKER. The attention of the Chair has been frequently them. called to a violation of the rules, especially the one in regard to smok :Mr. HATCH. Yes, sir; and I am glad to have the people of the in AGRICULTURAL APPROPRIATION BILL. their smoke-houses and leach it for the salt it containecl. Why, sir, Mr. VALENTINE. I move the House resolve itself into the Com it is reported that at one time salt reached the enormous price of $4 mittee of the Whole on the state of the Union for the purpose of per pound. That is $1,120 per barrel in confederate money, a price resuming the consideration of the agricultural appropriation bill; one would think that would satisfy the liveliest imagin whole speech. I simply wish to state that~· Clay advocate?- apr<_> subject. Although the census reports are not complete, yet many tective tariff when the manufactures of this country were ill therr of the figures furnished from that department are interesting. In infancy; and even then he only advocated a tariff of 20 per cent.; a letter from Ron. C. W. Seaton, superintenden-t of the census, he and if he were alive to-day I believe he would oppose the present tariff, places the value of all the farms in the United States, as per reports, which is a system oflegalized robbery. Are you willing now to take at 10,196,890,645; value of farm implements at $406,516,902; live the Clay tariff and modify the Morrill tariff by bringinO' it down from stock, 1,500,482,187; fertilizers purchased and used in 1879, $28,597 - an average of 43}- per cent. to 20 per cent., which ifr. Clay advo 859; fences, cost of building and repairing in 18791 $77,765,7:.!3. cated Y The gentleman from Michigan [Mr. HORR] represents a salt The above figures, he says, may yet be changed ill the final make monopoly, and that I suppose is why he is a protectionist. up. But the above is enough to show the importance of Congre :Mr. UPDEGRAF:fL. of Ohio. Would the people of Kentucky take caring well for this branch of industry, that never seeks to have legis the Henry Clay tarin of 20 per cent. 'f lation done for them through the influence of rings, lobbies, or the [Here the hammer fell.] use of money, but have in the past acted as the hewers of wood and Mr. VALENTINE. I now yield to the gentleman from Tennessee, drawers of water for the rest of mankind, supporting every other [Mr. DmRELL.] branch of industry and profession; paying enormous taxes upon every Mr. DIBBRELL. Mr. Chairman, in addressing the Honse upon the thing they may have to buy either for the support of their familie , subject I have selected-the agricultural interests of the country cultivating their farms, or for the ordinary luxuries of life, the profit ! am aware that it will be uninteresting to many members of the of which generally go to those who are basking in ea e and comfort House; but it is a subject in which I fee1 a very great interest, in and know nothing of the hardships incident to an agriculturist's which my constituents as well as the whole country have a deep in life. In addition to the foregoing information received from the terest, and one that has in the past been greatly overlooked and neg Census Bureau, I addressed a note of inquiry to Hon. J. R. DodO'e, looted by the law-making power of the country. The agricultural chief statistician of the Agricultural Department, asking for tall - department of the Government was established to promote and foster tical information. His reply was so full of valuable information, for the agricultural interests of the country. To do this successfully it which I am greatly obliged, that I will publish it in full, as follows: must be liberally sustained by the Government; liberal appropriations UNITED STATES DEPARTliENT OF AGRICULTURE, must be made, wise and able men must be selected in all its depart Washington, D. 0., February 9, 188:!. ments, and the results widely distributed to the farmers and laboring SIR: In accord:mce witll your request I send you a statement of farm values for people of the a!n'icultural regions. Agriculture is the safeguard upon 1880, n.s follows: which all otherbusiness relies; without it we would soon disappear, and against it all other business seems to combine. This is all wrong. Articles. Cereals. Value. Every other business and occupation should lend a helping hand to the agriculturists of the country, for they all derive their profits Bushels. B ushels. from the fruits of labor derived from the soil. And Congress should Indian corn ...... -.--...... 1, 717, 434, 54[1 $679,714,499 extend a liberal aid in all the different branches of the Department Wheat ...•...... •.... ----.--.---.--.--.-.-. 498, 549, 868 474, 201, 850 to collect valuable statistics; crop reports, animal products, weather 24,540,829 18,564,560 lil:!·:_::: -_: -. ·::::::.:::·. :·_ ·_:::::: :::::::::::::::::::: 417, 885, 380 150, 243, 565 indications, and everything valuable to the farmer, that he may the 45,165,346 30,090,742 better realize the fruits of his labor and add the more to the wealth ~~~~h~.;i: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 14,617,535 8, 682, ~88 of our common country. By reference to the various appropriations made by Con~~s_s for the present fiscal year it will be seen that they Total ..•..•...•....••.•..•... ·------.. . _. . 2, 718, 193, 501 1, 361, 497, 704 amounted to $3'.l5 555,963.53. From this large sum it would seem rea sonable that the Agricultural Department would share liberally; but In addition to cereals the following crops were estimated to produce: that is not the case. For that Department there was appropriated only $355,500, all told. F'or the next fiscal year the estimates for all Departments is $340,- 462,507.65, and for the Agricultural Department only $502,980, and ~_E~::~~~: ~~ ~~::~~~~~~~ ~~ :~:~~~~ ~~:~::~ :~~~::~::~ ~~~~~~~:: ~~~~~ ~: ~ ~ ~ the committee have reduced that,to $396,880, as shown by the report TotaL ...... ••..•..•...•....••...•..•..•.....•...•••...•••..... 769, 554, 1G5 of the honorable chairman and the bill. The small increase made These crops make a grand. ag~gate of ·!fa,131,051,859. There are othors not over last year's appropriations is principally in the item for enlarg annually estimated and very difficult to present, either in q.uantity or value, such as pasturage, orchard and small fruits, and market gardemng, all of which are of mg the Bureau of Statistics, so as to enable the Commissioner through great importance, and the first is scarcely exceeded in value by any of the above his agents in each State of the Union to promptly gather all facts crops, uuless corn shall be excepted, being the basis of meat and milk production and data relating to the ~P:owing crops, their condition, the harvests, and the domestic wool supply. the weather, together w1th everything valuable to the agricultural Including sugar, rice, sorgbmn hemp, flax, and a. multitude of minor crops, it is probable that the tot& value or1 all the annual farm productions of the United interests in the country, and send it broadcast over the land, that States would not fall much short of $3,500,000,000. farn1ers and producers may be the better prepared t;o share the prof The value of the farm animals is a capitalized reproduction of the grass hay its of their labors by knowing the results of the crops, and be the and grain consumed by them in their growth. The estimated value of f~ ani: better prepared to meet and cope with the bulls and bears who gen mals of the country in 1880 was as follows: erally are thoroughly posted upon all such questions and seek to con Horses ...... ------.-.. -...... ·----- ...... •. ------...... $667,954,325 Mules.--·--- .... ------...... -- ....•.. --·--.----...... 120,096,164 trol the prices of the agricultural products of the country; and to Milch cows... -.-----...... • • • • . • • • • ...... • . • ...... 296, '1:77, 060 gather this information and disseminate it promptly throughout the Oxen and other cq,ttle ..... ------.• -- ..•••• ...••• .•..•• ...•.•. .• .. ... 362,861,509 country it requires money, and I regret that the whole amount esti Shoep ..•. -.------.. -... --- .•...... ---- .. . •• ...... 104, 070,759 mated by the commissioner, $100,000, for this purpose was not appro Swine.- ... .. ------.--··--.. -- .. -- ...... ----- .. ---- .. _...... 170,535, 435 priated, believing as I do that it would have been judiciously ex pended and would have saved the farmers of the country millions TotaL ...• -· ...... --- .•. ---·--··· ...•.•..•....•.•...... • 1, 721, 795, 252 of d:Ollars, and would help to elevate this Department to where it The value of fnrms in the United States in 1870 was returned in the census at $9,262,803,861. Thecensusof1880hasnotyetcompleted the estimateoffarm ~alues properly belongs; in fact, I cheerfully voted for the bill now pend but it is certain that the figures will be very largely increased. ' illg on the Calendar to make the Department of Agriculture a Cabj The p~in Being an average of 78t per cent. of all our exports. }rom the fore courage, industry, and will of the strong arms and noble minds going reports some estimate may be had of the vast agricultural in of the men eno-aged in such pursuits-men who are not afraid to terests of this country._ Take the value of farms, farm implements, take hold of the plow and the hoe; men who seek it for & living stock, and fa-rm products, amounting in all to about fifteen thousand and for the support and maintenance of their wives and children; millions of dollars in this country, and then look at the amount ap men who follow it of choice and add to the blessings of the world propriated to foster and care for this interest, $396,880, and it will by producing food for the millions of hungry people in this and be seen that we are practicing economy with a vengeance, especially other countries, many of whom think the life and occupation of a. when this appropriation is compared with those for all other Depart farmer and laborer is degrading, many of whom know nothing of ments of the Government, and when as shown by .Mr. Dodge that the hardships thus cnclnred in producing food and raiment for them, nearly $100 per head of the product of the farmers and laborers in nor can they apprecia,te the pleasures enjoyed by the rural agricult the country is exported abroad to enrich our country by bringing urist in the enjoyments of his life in the midst of a happy family, back tha money from the countries we are supplying with food for if blessed with the orJinary comforts of life, even if he does know their countrymen, the exports of agriculturn.l products for 1881 that be and his calling have been neglected by the legislation of his alone amounting to the enormous sum of 729,&>0,016, the largest in Government. ::LUy one year in the history of the country. Now, what reason can be In the formation of committees it is generally supposed that mem assigned against the enlar~ement and increasing the usefulness of bers will be appointed according to fitness, and not because of inter this Department, one in which every American citizen should feel est. Thi wa certainly so with this-committee in the la t Congress proud and should be willing to aid and protect 7 Think of these vast when :t New York lawyer, an exceedingly clever gentleman and gootl sums annually brought into our country ill money or valuables after presiding officer, was made chairman ; and when the present com properly feeding and caring for our fifty mtllion of home population mittee of sixteen members was appointed due regard was had by tho and say whether it should be protected or not. We do not ask pro honorable Sp~aker of the House to select as chairman a gentleman tection aM tloes many other branches of industry, which seeks by as not en~aged in a~ricnlture, but an able man, a courteous gentleman, sociation, lobbies, and money to control legislation in their interest, and a une presiding officer, with only seven of the sixteen members as is evidenced by the Bankers' Association, with their regular org::tn engaged in agriculture, three of them in other pur nits also. Yet ized associations, with their hundreds of millions of money mvested the Speaker could hardly have selected sixteen gentlemen more agree in their business realizing them profits of 8 to 15 per cent. per annum, ably associated together and who have had less wrangling in the their publications in their interest, and at last depending upon the committee. This, of course, will apply to other committees no doubt, success of agriculture for the results of their business ; nor of the as the honorable Speaker was not looking to the interest of the na large mauufacturers who manufacture and sell indirectly to the tional banks when he appointed nine bankers on the Committee on farmers, who have their manufacturing associations of all kinds, com Banking and Currency out of the eleven members compo ing that bining in their own interest and at the expense generally of agricult committee. Nor was be looking to the interest of the manufacturers ure. This is especi::tlly the case with those engaged in the manu of the country when he appointed the Ways and Means Committee facture of tobacco, who constantly have a lobby around Congress to to look after the tariff and internal-revenue interests of the country. protect their interests and prevent any legislation looking to the But the feeling is growing fast that the agricultural interests of amelioral(on of the hardships imposed upon the farmers and pro the country must and will have recognition in Congress, and gentle ducers of the country by the laws that force farmers to sell to them men who are not willing to concede to this large and important part or their agents. And still they expect to sell their manufactures to of our country the rights and benefits claimed will be sent to the rear, the farmers. and men sent here who will vindicate their rights against all rings, The merchants have their mercantile associations. The man ufact lobbies, and other influences combining acrainst them. urers also have their protective-tariff associations, with their jour It was my pleasure at the last session of Congress to offer an amend nals and lobbies in the interest ofproteetion to their manufactures. ment to the agricultural appropriation bill appropriating 10,000 to The sugar refiners have their associations in order to keep up the build a museum at the Agricultural Department for the display of price of this indispensable article to the farmer and his family. And agricultural implements, farm products, and other things advanta even the distillers have their whisky rings and lobbies to protect geous to agriculture. I was admonished that it would. meet serious their interest in the national councils. But who has ever witnessed opposition and be stricken out by the Honse, but such was not the a lobby around this Capitol in the interest of the agricultural inter case, and the approp1·iation wa-s made. And the honora.ble Com ests of the country' No one, I presume, ever witnessed such :i scene, missioner is now having constructed said museum, and will soon have beca,nse t-hose engaged in agricultural pursuits have something else a splendid display of ·implements, minerals, cereals, &c., donated to to look after, and are generally engaged in pursuits better adapted him by the Atlanta (Georgia) exposition and others, where our farm to their tastes than in lobbying around the Capitol to secure legisla ers and agriculturists may see the implements and products a-dapted tion in their interest at the expense of another class of their fellow to the various sections of our country. Was this $10,000 foolishly citizens. It is true that agriculturists have tlieir associations, their expended I think not. If so, was the $275,000 appropriated by a granges, &c. But in all such, politics is forbidden and seldom, if previous Congress to erect a museum at the Smithsonian Institution ever, discussed. All they ask is a fair chance in the race for life, to bold the curiosities and other things belonging to t bat institution with laws applicable to all, and favoritism to none. With equality properly expended' I think both were right and proper; but the before the la\V and a fair share of the benefits derived from our Gov Smith onian museum is the pride of the Appropriations Committee ernment, this branch of our country can successfully cope with the and cost 275,000, while that at the Agricultural Department is to world. cost only $10,000, showing the difference between fancy and real Who is not proud of the foregoing exhibits of our agricultural legislation-one to contain cmiosities, and the other to contain the wealth, of our large exports, to which may be added many things real necessaries of life, with the implements best adapted to their cult uot mentioned in the exhibit f What American citizen was not proud ure, and the most valuable products of the soil. of the achievements upon the European turf during the past season The Agricultural Department should have control of the Botanical by the American horses Foxhall and Iroquois, bred and raised upon Gardens. Their connection with the Library is out of place, ex American farms, and of the long list of American horses now in pensive, and really m1nece sary. Europe as their comradfls, to contest for the English purses the ap The Signal Service of the counb:y, if not transferred to the Agri proaching season f Who was not proud of the American exhibits cultural Department, should be required to furnish all weather re of wool and other fabrics and of farming and other implements of ports promptly to the Agricultural Department, that they might m:tehinery manufactured upon American soil, supported and main send it broadcast over the country for the information of farmers. tained by American agriculture, as exhibited at the Paris Exposi If this was done, millions of money would be saved by farmers by tion; and of our great railroads, extending from ocean to ocean, fed being warned in advance of frosts, storms, and other incidents cal and fattened upon the production of the farmers of the country' culated to destroy crops. In fact, every facility shoulcl be afforded Although they discriminate against the farmers to an alarming extent, agriculture that can be to foster, protect, and build up this great yet we cannot get along without them, and they come as a great branch of industry that our vast and increasing population may be blessing to the farmer to haul off his surplus products. The same abundantly fed a-nd caTed for, and that we can be the better prcpare The operation of the internal-revenue law is a great source of trou soil, or the keepers of the orchard and vineyard, without receiving ble to the farmers in many sections of the country, prevents the back a reflux influence that will permeate every branch of trade, proper development of the agricultural industries, and operates to industry, and enterprise. a great degree as an oppressive la.w upon the farmers, especially I am utt~rly astonished to see members upon this floor offering ob t·hose of moderate means who raise small crops of tobacco, fruits, jections or disparaging the utility and usefulness of this Department, &c. The law is harsh and oppressive, and the men usually selectecl originated solely, and purely, for the promotion and encouragement to enforce it in the interior have been generally of a class selected of agriculture, and that has already clone so much good, and that is more for their daring than for their good judgment or their desire to growing every year in the estima,tion anrl affections of the farmers dnforce the laws. I had hoped that this Congre would be willing of this country. Its work and workings are better nnder:stood and to lift some of the lmrclens from the honest farmers of the country, appreciated each year, and it is not ouly through the valuable in when we have a surplus revenue in the Treasury of nearly 150,000,000. formation collected from all parts of our country, anrl I may say of It would be much better to begin to cut down the internal-revenue the world, but by the distribution of seed, field, garden, and flower, tax, r~ther than vote it away extravagantly, as weare doing by vo'i as well as many rare and valuable trees, vines, ancl plants. The ing$100,000,000 in pensions at a daf'lh, $15,000 pension to one widow, one publication alone, Conta~ious Diseases of Domestic Animals, is f$5,000 to another, and $13,500 yearly to a rich man to be placed on w Quantities. Values. Twelve months ended De. Month endedDocember Twelve ended Do- Articles. Month ended December 31- cember 31- 311 cember31,.;,.tb, - 1881. 1880. 1881. 1880. 1881. 1880. 1881. 1880. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. ·Pounds. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Butter ..••..•..•.•.••.•..••••••...•••.•..•.••..•..•. 687,920 1, 395,399 21,331,358 37,422, 479 138,641 285,626 4, 098,868 7, 389,678 Cheese ....•.•••••••••••.••••••..•••••.•••...... •.... 8, 996,506 8, 857,662 143,823,655 137, 911, 559 1, 041,327 1, 089,157 1 15,850,817 15,717,447 TREASURY DEPARTMENT, BUREAU OF STATISTICS, Staternent of quantity of oleomargarine ntall'ujactttred in the United States. Washington, D. 0., February 7, 1882. I. OTHER THAN ~"EW YORK STA'IR, JANUARY 1, 1879, TO SEPTEMBER 1, 1880 . . DJt~ SIR: In reply to YOU! verbal mquiryin regard to the subject of oleomarga rme, I mclose to you hereWith two statements. The first is snnply an extract from the New York Shipping and Commercial List of September 18, 1880. I can Manufactured in the State of- Oleomargarine. Oleomargarine not vouch for the awuracy of the statements made therein and am inclined to but.t.er. think that the whole thing is quite crude. Second. I submit to you a statement prepared from the records of this office ~bowing the quantities and values of oleomargarine exported from the United Pounds. Pounds. States during the six years ended June 30, 1881. Connecticut ...... 1, 323, 986 I would refer you to a document, Honse ofR~presentatives report No. 199, Forty t Staternent of tl!e quantity of oleonta 'rga,~ine ntanufactu1·ed in the United Quantities and values of oleomarga1·ine exported from the U1tited State3. States- Continued. Year ended .rune 30- rounds. Dolla;rs. IL illW YORK STATE, FROM JANUARY 1, 1879, TO MARCH 12, 1880. Not stated. 70,483 Estimated yield, Equal in oleomar- 1876 .•... - ·-··· ·------· -- · ------·------·-----. ------ufactured inNew York City. Fat used. butter 1877 ------·------·------·------·-·············· Not stated. *595, 31!5 oleomargarine. ~ine 1878 ...... 1, 698,401 203, 2SY 1879 ...... ······-...... 12.687,318 1, 394, 068 1880t ...... 19, 960, 153 2, 599, 02;) Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. 1881...... 26,327,676 3,815, 560 Commercial Manufacturing Co . 15,232,062 5,238, 641 6, 286,369 * Butterine. t Includes 115,897 pounds; $16,385 returned as oleine. - NOTE.-The law of several States requiring this imitation to be so plainly marked DE.PARTi\fEXT OJ!' THE lNTERlOR, CE..'\SUS OFFICE, that all who buy may read is said to be a dead letter. Nearly all the butter deal- Washington., D. 0., February 3, 1 2. ers sell the composite article; and so perfect is the imitation that few but experts Sm: In accordance with y01rr reque t. I inclo. e the statistics of manufacturo can detect it. of "oleomargarine" for the following-named cities, namely. New York, Philadcl- It is not claimed that more than 5 per cent. of butter is used in oleomargarine, phia., Brooklyn, Chicago, Boston, Baltimore, Cincinnati, and Louisville. and it is estimated that ten cents a pound covers all the cost of the materials The compilations for this industry have not yet been completed for the Unite< I and manufacture. .As it is sold to dealers within three or four cents of the States, hence I am unable at this time to furrush you as complete statistics aR I price of dairy butter, it will be seen that its manufacture must be very profit- conlcl wish. It should be borne in mind that statistics made public at this time able. are meretr J:reliminary and still subject to !!_uch revision and correction as th.i!! The manufacturers have called to their aid eminent professors in chemistry, office sha eem necessary by reason of the receipt of additional information. who give it as their opinion that oleomargarine is fully equal to pure, fresh dairy Veryre pectfully, C. B. SEATO~, Superintendent. butter. Ron. A.. X. PARKER Washi ngton, D. 0. StaUstics of manufactt£re. 2 -osma~ Avera8! number of R §~ han employed. ,qa~ ..... ~ J oo q)~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ _£ :il ::l $§q) 0 Total p:1id in ~~ ~ Cities. 1 NOTE.-It should be borne in mind that statistics made public at this time are merely preliminary and still subject to such revision and correction as this office shall deem necessary by reason of the 1·eceipt of additional information. ::\Ir. VALENTINE. There is no objection to the gentleman's amend experiments therewith: Pro~ided, That all seeds, plants, and cuttin"S herein al lotted to Senators, Representatives, and Delegates in Con~ s, for Cllstributiou, ment so far as I am aware. remaining uncalled for at the end of the fiscal year, shall oe distributed by the The question being taken on t.he amendment of Mr. PARKER, it was Commis wner of A~culture: And provided. also, That the Commissioner shall adopted. report, a.s provided m this act, the place, quantity, and price of eed. purchaRed, 1\Ir. HASELTINE. I move to amend by irulerting after the word from whom purcha ed, and the date of purchase. But nothing in this :paragraph shall be construed to prevent the Commissioner of .Agriculture from sendmgflower, "a,vailable" in the pending paragraph these words: garden, and other seeds t{) those who apply for the same. And the amonnt herein Said report shall give a full statement monthly, showing the freight charges for appropriated shall not be diverted or used for any other purpose but for the pur the chief agricultural products upon the principal lines of railroads and river cha e, prop~rration, and distribution of improved and valuable seeds, plants, cut routes to the principal markets in the United States. tings, and vines . .Mr. Chairman, I understand that the object of the .Agricultural l\lr. TlJR.l.~R, of Kentucky. I move to strike out "one-half," in Department is to enlighten and encourage the agriculturist of this line 95, and insert in lieu thereof" three-fourths." country. To enable them to become prosperous, they should not Mr. VALENTINE. What does the gentleman propose f only be able to make good crops, but they should have the benefit of 1t1r. TU&~R, of Kentucky. I move to change the proportion in those crop when raised. The history of this country shows that the the distribution of eeds, plants, and cuttings from one-half to be sup great producers of wealth have been placed at the mercy of wealthy plied to Senators, Representatives, and Delegates in Con~ress, to corporations controlling the lines of transportation, by means of three-fourths, leaving one-quarter to be distributed by the lJommis which they are enabled to control all the crops of the Western and sioner of Agriculture. I do not suppose the gentleman from Nebraska., Southern States. They are enabled to raise their freights in their chairman of the Committee on Agricultme, will have any objection discretion, and absorb all the profits of indnstry, thereby making to it. millionaires in the East and renters and pauper of our agriculturists Now, ltlr. Chairman, in the first place, it was left to the Commis in the We t. The objectofthislargeappropriation is to gather statis sioner of Agriculture, under the law, to distribute these seeds to Rep tics for the benefit of the people. We should be able to gain valuable r esentatives of agricultural districts. In the exercise of his discre information as an equivalent for the money invested. tion he only gave them tomemhersrepresenting agricultural districts Sir, we think it a matter of great importance to the agriculturists and not to gentlemen representing cities. The law was changed and of the cotmtry to obtain information not only as t-o the best met hods he was then required to distribute them equally. .At the last session of fanning, but also as to the cost of transportation on the different the provision was incorporated, which is included in the present bill, railroad and river routes1 so that there may be materials for such r equiring him to distribute one-half to members of Congress, the legislation as will give to our agriculturists proper protection in r emaining half to be distributed by himself. getting their products to market. I submit this amendment in the The present Commissioner of Agriculture, Dr. I,oring, a gentleman belief that it will recommend itself to the intelligence of members for whom I have great respect, informed me he would rather han~ without further discussion. the e seeds, plants, and cuttings distrjbuted by the memberA them The amendment of Mr. HASELTINE was agreed t.o. selves, as they knew better who required them in each district, :rnd The Clerk read as follows: who would use them most judiciously. He was a strange1· to nr;r11y PURCHASE A.."\D DlSTRlBUTIOS OF SEEDS, ETC. agricultural di trict-s, and would have to rely on the postma ·tun; a 11d For the purchase and propagation and diRtribution, as required by law, of seeds, agent-s in the eli tribution of seeds, while the members of Congn·.·s trees, shr·nbs, vines, cuttings, and plants. and expenses of pntting up the same, to would know their constituents and would be better able to jrrcl ~o be distribnwd in localities adapted to their culture, $80,000. An equal proportion who should r eceive t.hem than any bureau officer stationed in the cit :v of one-half of all seeds, plants, and cuttings shall. upon their request, be supplied of \V ashington. to Senators. Representat.ives, and Delegates in Congress for distribution among their constituents. or shall, by their direction, be sent to their constituent ; and My amendment prondes, instead of an equal proportion being- llis the per;.ons receiving such seeds shall inform the Department of the results of the tributed by member of Congress and by the Commii:!Sionor of At,;ri- 1882. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 1765 culture, that the members of Congress shall distrilmte three-fourths, difference of opinion between us on the subject. But a-s to whether leaving one-quarter to be distributed by the Commissioner of Agri there will be any difference in the quantity of seed that may go into culture. a district, or whether the Commissioner is less able to discriminate Mr. VALENTINE. Under the Revised Statutes and the law orig as to wliere he should send them than the member, is scarcely a ques inally creating the Department of Agriculture seeds were distrib tion here. For the fact is, as I believe, the Commissioner of Agricul uted by the Commissioner of Agriculture. That is the law to-day, ture depends largely in distributing the seed upon the wishes of the except in so far as it has been changed from time to time by provis members themselves, or upon the suggestions received from them; ions in the appropriation bills. The provision reported by the Com aud the committee likes to have suggestions from members upon that mittee on Agriculture in the pending appropriation bill, in reference point. I have no doubt at all that they will be properly distributed to the purchase and distribution of seeds, is in the identicallanguag-e through lilm; and whether you fix this amount at one-hn,lf or three ofthe bill passed in the last Congress. Before that by provisions m quarters will not affect the result. the appropriation bill at each session it became an almost fixed rule 1\lr. TURNER, of Kentucky. The amendment which I have offered that one-half of the seeds should be given to the member, at his op will not prevent the Commissioner fi:om sendin~ seed. It only ex tion, for distribution in his district, while the other half was to be tends to the members of Congress an opporturuty of ~:~ending more distributed by the Commissioner of Agriculture. I think the House seed than they are now allowed. has now encroached as far on the prerogative of the Department as 1\lr. HAWK. 1\lr. Chairman, I desire to state here that I appre it should go in that direction. We have a liberal supply, and suffi hend there is very little difference as to whether we make this nice cient under the law, as it is, and I hope the amendment will not be distinction in the distribut.ion of the seed provided for by this bill agreed to. or not; for this rea-son, that nsually when seeds are sent out to the Mr. TURNER, of Kentucky. Under the distribution which took various districts the Commissioner is anxious and desires that lists place this year to members of Congress I received only twenty-two be furnished him by members of Congress from the various districts 1~ackages for each county in my district. That amounts to little or of the persons to whom he shall distribute the seed. It makes no nothing. The other half wa-s received by the Commissioner of Agri difference whether the member shall have for his portion of seed for culture, and I do not know what has become of it. Since I sent out distribution one-half, one-third, one-fourth, or any other amount, for the proportion of seeds furnished me under the law 7 that is, twenty usually they are distributed in this way through the Commissioner. two packages to each county, as soon as I received them, I have re It seems to me that the amount fixed as proper to be under the <~ei ved more than one hundred and fifty letters requesting me to send member's control in this bill is eminently just; for if a member !:'leeds. I applied to the Agricultural Department, and was informed chooses to send out the packages of seed himself he has one-half of my quota had been delivered to me and no more could be-furnished the total allowed him for that purpose; and if he prefers to throw at present. the responsibility of sending them out upon the Agricultural Depart Now, what becomes of the other half¥ The Commissioner says he ment, either of a half or of any other quantity that he can procure himself would prefer members of Congress should have more of the from the Department, the Commissioner has the power to do so, and t;eeds for distribution, because they are better qualified, as they know the people get them the same as if sent by the member. Therefore, their constituents and are better able to judge to whom they should practically, I apprehend all the seeds are at the disposal of the mem l1e distributed than anybody in the city of Washington. His idea, bers of Congre:ss. So I say it seems to me, 1\lr. Chairman, that upon I believe, ought to be carried out, and therefore my amendment pro this provision to make this nice distinction as to whether you will poses that three-fourths shall be distributed by members of Congress fix the amount which be placed under the immediate control of each instead of one-half, as the bill proposes-one-fourth to be distributed member at a half, a quarter, or a third seems to be neeclless. I think by the_Commissioner. the provision ought to remain practically just as it is, without amend Mr. ANDERSON. I would suggest to the gentleman from Ken ment. I hope the amendment will not be adopted. tucky that the Commissioner of Agriculture distributes far the larger The CHAIRMAN. -Debate on the pending amendment is exhausted. proportion of his quota of seeds among the counties of the several Mr. CONVERSE. I move to strike out the last word. I do so sim Congressional districts. The amount I received for each county in ply to inquire of the gentleman having the bill in charge whether this my district was less than the amount received by the gentleman aruountappropriatedlastyear-$80,000-forthispnrposewasinvested from Kentucky for each of his counties, but at the same time the in seeds, and whether it is true that hal£ of the amount has been de Commissioner distributed his proportion of the seeds generally in all livered to members of Congress for distribution. I will state, at the the counties of all the States. He sends to his correspondents out of time of making this inquiry, that my information is to the effect that the quota given to him, and he has correspondents in every county all one-half of this appropriation of$80, 000 was expended not for the pur over the country. Therefore the amount of seeds going into the po e of distributing seeds, but for an entirely different Jnrrpose. It gentleman's district is not confined to what he himself has sent out. is alleged that it was used for clerk hire and other needs of that The point is just here. While we would all like to have more seed bureau. than we get for distribution to our several counties, yet that is not In that same connection I will state that the Commissioner this year the way to get at it, but rather by increa-sing the amount of seeds has given me not only one-half of the seed to which I was entitled, the which are to be distributed. There is some amount of liberty due seed purchased with that money, but the other half also, for I under to the Agricultural Department. It has its correspondents in every stood he gave me the whole share that should go to my di:strict. county in each State, and it is only fair the Department should have Therefore! have received about three bags of seed, or. ay six bushels, a fair quota of these seeds for distribution. Last year I was in favor including the papers and all. If the :0,000 had been expended in of making this discrimination; and the year before, and fought for it seed, this six bushels would cost the Government 200; bnt if only earnestly. This year I do not care whether it is put at one-fourth one-half had been expended, then they would have cost the Govern or one-half, as I believe the seeds will go to the farmer, whatever pro ment $100. But it seems to me impossible that this amount of money portion may be fixed upon. should have been expended solely for the purchase of seed, and for Mr. V A.LENTINE. I wish to correct a statement ma ( 1882. ONGRESSiONAL RECORD-ROUS:E. 1767 as to where the seeds should be sent. In a coriver ation with me not entirely in the hands of the Commissioner of Agriculture, a gentle long ago the Commissioner said that notwithstanding the provision man who, I am glad to say, is well fitted for the position he occu in the appropriation bill he should undertake to ascertain from mem pies, and can in my judgment distribute the seeds much more sat bers what they wished to be done with the e seed , for they know isfactorily and advantageously to the country than can be done better than anybody else, and he would prefer to have the whole through members of this House. amount distributed by members. :Mr. A....~DERSON. Mr. Chairman, I rise to oppose the pro forma I think we should go back to the old practice and allow the Com amendment. I wish to get some light on this proposition. The missioner to pursue the course which he desires in regard to this practice until, I think, three years ago wa that the Commissioner matter, the same course that was followed until we changed it by of A~culture distributed the seeds through correspondents in each legislat.ion. In that way we will avoid the trouble referred to by my district or county. Within the la t year or two there wa ubmitted friend from Mississippi, [Mr. Mo~"'EY,] the sending ofseeds to mem in this House a propo ition that the eeds should be di tribnted to a bers whose constituents do not want them. I trust the amendment certain extent by members of Uongress. I was a member of the Com will be adopted. mittee on Agricultnre at that time, and had something to do with The CHAIRMAN. The time for debate on the pending amend getting that amendment upon the last bill. The experiment has ment has been exhausted. been tried for two years; and, so far as I am concerned, I mo t Mr. VALENTINE. I move to strike out the last word. If the heartily wish that the Co~mis iouer of Agriculture were allowed to amendment offered by the gentleman from Mississippi [Mr. Mo.NEY] distribute all these seeds. It seems to me that in all probability we shall be adopted it would leave the question of the distribution of would do better to throw the whole thing into his hands than to seeds just where it is placed by the Revised Statutes, $\nd just as it undertake to control the distribution ourselves. has been reported to this House heretofore in all approprhttion bills Mr. TOWNSHEND, of Illinois. The amendment does that. since I have been a member. Mr. ANDERSON. As a member of the committee rep)rting this When the Committee on Agriculture came to prepare this bill they bill, I am technically oppo ed to the amendment; but if the Commit thought that as the House had, session after session, chan~ed the pro tee of the Whole should adopt it I am frank to say I would not cry vision reported from the Committee on Appropriations, the Commit at all. tee on Agriculture this time would adopt the language which was Mr. TALBOTT. Mr. Chairman, I am in favor of the bill reporteu placed by the House in the last bill. So far as I am concerned I will by the committee, and indeed would go further in the same direction. say that I believe the matter should be left entirely to the discretion As it has been stated here that seed can be distributed mo t satis of the Commissioner of Agriculture to distribute these seed . factorily and effectually through the Department of A:~riculture, I Mr. BLOUNT. Let us try it. clesire to tate my experience. I do not intend any rettection upon Mr. VALENTINE. Forone, if I had the authority ofthe commit the present Commis ioner, for I have had no such experience with tee I would accept the amendment; but as I have not I will say that him; but my experience was this: a ye~tr or two ago I sent list I have no objection to it personally. after list to the Commissioner, and was afterward notified by the Mr. SPEER. I clissent altogether from the purpose of this amend Department that the seed had been distributed to the partie incli ment, and I especially dissent from the reasons given by my col cated by myself, who had been notified that the seed was sent at my league [Mr. BLOU.NT] for his advocacy of the amendment. request. But the people to whom, according to the Department, I believe that one who represents a Congressional district on this these seed had been sent informed me in many in tance -in fact in floor, if it be an agricultural district, has to a large extent a correct a majority of cases-that the seed had never been received. On the idea of where these valuable seeds and cuttings should be distJ:ibuted other hand, when I distributed seeds myself, the people to whom I in that district. I believe I know the farmers of my district a great sent them told me almost to a man that they had received them. I deal better than the honorable Commissioner of Agriculture knows know that when I get seeds and direct and mail them they go where them. I certainly think I am discharging an agreeable duty to my I want them to go. Therefore I am in favor of the provi ion of the self and a grateful dnty to them when I send to them a portion of bill as reported. this largess which is accorded to them by the Government. 1\fr. TOWNSHEND, of Illinois. I withdraw the p1·o fm·ma amend It is not very arduous labor on the part of the Representative. ment. But a portion of the amount provided for is left to be distributed by Mr. MULDROW. I renew it. Mr. Chairman, the que tion has members, and I think the bill should be allowed to stand as it has been asked what was the result under the old system, the system in been reported from the committee. In this opinion there is of cour e operation before members had the option to control the distribution no reflection on the honorable Commissioner of Agriculture himself. of a part of these seeds f According to my ob ervat.ion that system He is, in my judgment, the right man in the right place, and I am did not work well, and because of its failme to satisfy members of confident that he will largely increase the efficiency and popularity this House the present system was adopted in the appropriation bill of his most useful and widely appreciated Department. of, I believe, the last session of the Forty-fifth Congress as well as I sincerely trust, sir, that this amendment will not be adopted. both ses ions of the J<'orty-sixth. The CHAIRMAN. The time for debate upon the pending amend The statement of the gentleman from Maryland [Mr. TALBOTT] ment has been exhausted. who has just taken his seat, that where he has relied upon hisreque t Mr. VALENTINE. I withdraw my pro forma amendment. to the Department that seeds be sent the seed in many instances have 1\fr. TOWNSHEND, of illinois. I renew it. I hope the amend not reached their destination, struck me with signal force. The Com ment of the gentleman from Mississippi [:Mr. MoNEY] will be adopted. missioner of Agriculture in undertaking to sencl out seeds must rely It comes as near as we can practically get to the object of the amend upon the clerical force of the Department; he cannot give the mat ment which I offered, and which was ruled out of order. ter his personal attention, and cannot know whether his directions It does seem to me that if the present Commissioner of Agriculture are complied with. The result is that in many instances seeds have is qualified to hold his position he is well qualified to make a judicious not reached the parties for whom they were intended, while, on the and proper distribution of these seeds as was contemplated in the other hand, where members have personally attended to ending the original law. I believe, from my observation of the Commissioner, seeds, they have in almost every instance gone where they were de and from my acquaintanc~ with him, that he is fully qualified for signed to go and have fulfilled the purpo es of the appropriation, his position and will make a better distribution of these seeds among that is, the diSsemination of good seeds to our farmers for the pur the people of the country than members of Congre s can do. pose of benefiting the entire country by the propagation of tho e Mr. SMITH, of Illinois. Will my colleague allow me to ask him a seeds in their neighborhood. My colleague on my right [Mr. SL~ question 'f GLETON, of Mississippi] informs me that the compla,int come to him 1\fr. TOWNSHEND, of Illinois. Certainly. constantly that the e seeds are not received when their distribution Mr. SMITH, of Illinois. The gentleman is an old member of this is intrusted to the Agricultural Bnreau. House, and would oblige me very much if he would tell me what the More than that, Mr. Chairman, this thing should be popularizell practice was under the old rule; how he seeds reached the people. to a greater extent than it is even now, though so far as my observa l!Ir. TOWNSHEND, of Illinois. The practice under the old law, as tion extends no branch of this Government is nearer the hearts of the I understand, was just what is contemplated by the amendment of agricultural people than the Department of Agriculture; and one the gentleman from Mississippi; that is, the entire matter was left to reason is that when these seeds reach them they are able to ·ee some the discretion of the Commissioner, who, as I am informed, familiar direct benefit from the action of thjs Department. izes himself with the species of seeds t ha.t will be most advantageous Mr. TOWNSHEND, oflllinois. Ifthe Commissioner of Agriculture to particular districts and distributes them in proportion to the num should fail to send seeds to those indicated by members of Congres , ber of agriculturists in those districts. is it not easy to make inquiry and ascertain the fact Mr. SMITH, of Illinois. How f Upon whose requesU Air. MULDROW. Such inquiries have ::~ , lready been made; in fact, Mr. TOWNSHEND, of Illinois. At the request of member, and the information comes without iuquirytha,t the people do not recei>e also acting upon his own judgment, as I understand. Allow me to the eed with the same regularity and certainty when their distri state my experience in this matter. I made out a list of the people bution is intrusted to the Department as when they are sent out by in my district to whom I desired seeds to be sent, and placed it in member of Congre , . the hand of the Commissioner of Agriculture. He made an estimate Mr. TOWNSHEND, of Illinois. One other observation to the gen of the quantity that should fairly go into my district, and distributed tleman from Mississippi, anrl it is this: this amendment does not the seed to as many persons on the list as it was in his power to ac prohibit the Commissioner of Agriculture from giving the seeds to commodate, and when there were more persons on the list than could members for distribution to their several districts. be accommodated he notified me of the fact, and that ended the Mr. MULDROW. Not atall; butthisprovisomakesitincumbent matter. I feel that we cannot do better than leave this question to doliver them to members on their demand. It gives members 1768 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-ROUSE. MARCH 9, option, and under this law every member who desires the Commis Why, under the provision of this bill as it now stands, unrestricted. sioner to distribute the seeds can direct him to do so. It gives him the Commissioner of Agriculture has discretion to distribute one-half the privilege of controlling their distribution. I am therefore op of all the seeds, and to require him in all ca es to give each member posed to the amenclment of my colleague, although I regret to oppose his share of the other half. And, as ~:;tated here, it is the practice of anything he offers. the pre ent Commissioner, who is admitted by gentlemen present to 1\lr. UPDEGRAFF, of Ohio. I trust, :Mr. Chairman, this amend be well qualified for his po ition, and a man who discharges worthily ment will not prevail. As a member of the Committee on Agricult his dntie ·- it is admitted here, that he gives to the members not ure, I desire to say that no provision of this bill in committee re only the one-half of the seed to which by the law they are entitled ceived so much and careful consideration as this pending section in but al o the other half; and I cannot unclerstand, therefore, why gen reference to t.he purchase and distribution of plant-seeds. And it tlemen shonld complain ofthis provisiou. If he gives all, why shoulc L was the united judgment of that committee, as the chairman well gentlemen complain of this provision f Under wllat law doe the knows, although he has gone back on the direction of the committee. Commi ioner act when he doe give all Under the last appropri In view of what has happened in the past, every year when this bill ation bill, which, I understand, coutained substantially the , arne was brought. in leaving the distribution to the Commissioner of Agri provision that is now attempted to.be stricken out of this bill. What culture this House bas taken it in h::md :tnd refused so to leave it. reason can there be for complaint if the Commi ioner has exercised Every year, for the last three years, it has directed the clistribution his discretion in di tributing the seeds in a manner so eminently sat should be made as provided in this section of the bill, and as a gen isfactory to members f Their argument is in favor of the incorpora eral thing most satisfactorily so for the reasons already given by the tion of are trictive provision, to limit the distribution of the seeds. gentleman from Maryland and t.he gentleman from Missis ippi. I But, 1\Ir. Chairman, if under the law when there was no re triction trust, therefore, the amendment will not prevail, and we will be all the eeds were given to members, what complaint can there be allowed to pass this bill as it was reported from the Committee on when all the seeds are ~iven under a law with a limitation T Agriculture, since the experience of the past three years abundantly Now, by retainin~ th1s provision we will have the guarantee that coniirms the wisdom of this course. each member on this floor, be he a partisan of the Commis ioner-a Mr. MONEY. Mr. Chairman, I am certain tba,t. I am moved only member of the same political stripe-or not, or be he a favorite or not, by a desire to promote the agricultural interests of this country. This or whether he be a member of infln~nce or not upon this floor, he Department w:ts instituted for no other purpose. I do not care about will have at all event the satisfaction and con olation of knowinrr the la,bor of sending out seeds; that is nothing to me, and I can do one thing at least, and that is, sir, that the law is beinq applied, and it very quickly. that be will get one-half of the seeds to be distributeu. If the design is, as my colleague states, to popularize this Depart Mr. RANDALL. Mr. Chairman, I de ire to correct wha,t seems to ment, why not then bring the people directly into connection with be an erroneous impre. ion here, in suppo ing that members on this the Commissioner of Agriculture f Why should the people reach him floor who represent business localities, or "bnck and mortar," as it through the medium of members of Congress Y h as been expre se(l here, have no intere tin the distrilmtion of the ·e . Sir, my design is to popularize this institution; it is to put these seeds. This is a mistake. In my own di trict, and I have no doubt things where they will do the most good. If we are to expend here that the same applies in many other city districts, we have large num $80,000 of the money of the people of this country, let it, for Heaven's bers of experimental farmers who spend considerable sums of money sake, go where it will do the most good. iu growing new seeds, in cultivation of the soil, and in bringing out What has been saia about distributing an equal amount of cotton frorn the soil the largest possible product; and I have myself no diffi seed to every member of this b.ocly from the Arctic regions to the culty in distributing all the seeds that I can get. On the contrary, tropics Y What is said about sending seeds which cannot be grown I have large numbers of applicants, although I repre en£ a city dis oxcept in hot-houses ? trict. There are many people in Philadelphia who own farms just I have heard objection made here under tbe previous system that outside of the city; and certainly they ol!ght not to be forgotten. I gentlemen who lived in cities did not get any seeds, or plants, or cut do not doubt the fact that Philadelphia, New York, and Boston, and tings for distribution to their constituents, although they did not other large cities, are in exactly ihe same condition. I h ave heard have in the limits of their districts any ground where they could be an estimate made that there were 20,000 people in the city of New planted. Now I want these seeds to go to the farmers of the coun York who own farms outside of the city. try who are interested in agriculture. If :my gentleman can show Ur. TOWNSHEND, of Illinois. Will the gentleman permit me to me that this thing will not be better done by the Commissioner, ask him a question t whose business it is, than by members of Congress, then I will with 1\Ir. RANDALL. Yes, sir. draw my amendment. Mr. TOWNSHEND, of Illinois. I wish to ask the gentleman if the I have had, Mr. Chnirman, a little experience in this myself. I members representing the districts where the farms n.re locate Mr. VALE::sTINE. I desireto call the attention of the gentleman I wish to s:1y in behalf of that amendment, I think it is the tru~ from Ohio to line 93, if he will permit me. He will find that this policy of the Government to act liberally to the Department of Agri provision is already covered now by the bill. It provides that these culture, and I think in this bill reasona,bly fair appropriations have seed shall be distributed in localities adapted to their culture. been made. For myself I should not object to an appropriation of Mr. ATHERTON. Unless there is some such provision as this incor even more than . 80,000 for the purpose of purchasing seeds for dis porated in the bill it seems to me that we will :find ourselves, under tribution. It now and then occurs that a particular kind of seed the exact language of this provision, just as we are now; that is to goes into a given section where it is found to be very valuable ancl say, we will find northern members getting cotton seeds and other where it adds enormously to the local wealth. This has several times seeds enthely useless to them. In other words, it is a mere waste of occurred, as is well known to all the members of the House. The the appropriation. effect of this distribution is to carry some seed into some sections of :!\fr. V .ALENTINE. This has never been in the bill before, I will the country where it has not heretofore been known. But I think the st-ate to the gentleman from Ohio. It has only been put in this year. members of the House, aR a general rule, are better !}Ualified to de Mr. ATHERTON. Thn.t is the only object I desire to accomplis]t, termine to what neighborhood the seeds shoul(l be sent than the Com ancl if that is accomplished in the bill I am satisfied. I thought it mi ·sioner of Agriculture possibly can be. He has generally had in unfortnnate that those Jiving in a northern climate should be charged each county of each State a correspondent, and this correspondent with the distribution of cotton seeds which they have simply to hand ~enerally, I think, bas been a gentleman of cultivation and experience over to other members, and at the same time they receive no gre:1ter rn agriculture, but he is not likely to be so well informed as to the l>roportion of other seeds than those members from the South receive. particular reasons why seed should be sent as the member himself. Mr. V .ALENTINE. The committee have provided for that in the I think our experience is that members of the House take a lively present bill. interest in bringing to the attention of their constituents the seeds :Mr. ATHERTON. I withdraw the amendment. . w bich are furnished from the Agricultural Department, and I see no Mr. AIKEN. I offer the amendment which I send to the desk. reason why the members of the House should not to a very consider The Clerk read as follows : able degree control the distribution of the seeds. Strike out all after the wonl "supplied," in the ninety.sixth line, to the word I think if you leave to the Commissioner one-third of the distribu "and," in the one hundre(l and fifth line, n!liilely, these words: tion, you enable him to supply all those gentlemen who are his cor " To Senators, Representatives, and Delegates in Congress, for 1listribntion respondents. I think one-third is sufficient to be left at his disposal among their constituents, or shall, by their ilirection, be sent to their constitu for that purpose, and that the other two-thirds should be distributed ent.<~; an(l the persons receiving such seeds shall inform the Department of the re sults of the experiments therewith: Provided, That all seeds, plants, and cuttings through members of the House and Senate. herein allotted to Senators, Representati ''es, and Delegates in Congress for distd· One word more. I am speaking from :1 stand-point not common to bution remaining uncallecl for at the end of the fiscal year shall be distributed by t!Je Honse, I believe, on this subject. I am speaking as a farmer, the Commissioner of Agriculture." And insert in lieu thereof: and there are comparatively few farmers here. I therefore feel the "To the U.epartments of agriculture of the respective States, for distribution more hearty in speaking on this subject, inasmuch a.s I speak for the among tlte farmers of tlte same." farmer aml from the grange, as it were, as one familiar with the in Mr. V .ALENTINE. I reserve the point of order. terests and wants of that great body of people whose industry is Mr. AIKEN. The only argument which has been urged against the devoted to the production of our agricultural wealth. distribution of the see(ls by the Commissioner of Agriculture is that Mr. VALENTINE. The usual diversity of opinion seems to pre a large proportion of them do not reach t-heir destination. I have vail here to-day that always prevails when this subject is under con obviated that. in my amendment, by requiring the Commissioner to sideration. One gentleman moves that we give all the seeds to the send the seeds to the departments of agriculture of the respective Commissioner of Agriculture, another that we take all or nearly all States, so that they may be distributed from that center to the farmers away from him. I think it safe to follow the rule that now prevails, of each of the States. · :tnd leave the matter as it ha-s been for the last two or three years. Mr. HERBERT. Some oftha States have not any department of I call for a vote on the amendment. agriculture. The question wa-s taken on the amendment of Mr. HOLMAN ; and Mr. .AIKEN. Then I think if you will adopt my amendment you upon a divisiqn there were-ayes 69, noes 44. will soon :find departments of a!ITiculture established in those States. Defore the result of the vote was announced, It is a reflection on n.ny of the States that they have not an agricul Mr. VALENTINE called for tellers. · tural department. But ifthere are States which have no agricultural Tellers were not ordered. department-s to which the seeds can be sent, there will be State agri The amendment was accordingly agreed to. cultural societies or some committee or some organ recognized by the l\Ir. RICHARDSON, of South Carolina. I think the chief defect Legislature. of this bill is that it does not appropriate a sufficient sum of money Ur. VALENTINE. I dicl not hear the amendment read at the for the purchase and distribution of seeds. time it was offered, on account of the confuRion prevailing, hut I The CHAIRMAN. There is no amendment pending. 1·eserved the point of order. Mr. RICHARDSON, of South Carolina. I move to strike out of .Mr. AIKEN. Let the amendment be again read. line 94 of the bill "$80,000 " and insert ". 100,000." The amendment was again read. The question was taken upon the amendment; and upon a division ~11:. VALENTINE. I desire now tomakethepoint of order against there were-ayes 42, noes 6.<:!. the amendment that it changes existing law. It makes provision Before the result of the vote was announced, for seNding the seeds to parties that do not exist; for many of the Mr. RICHARDSON, of South Ca.rolina, called for tellers. States have no such departments. Tellers were not ordered, thero being but 27 in the affirmative, not Mr. AIKEN. I do not think there is any law existing as to the one-half of a qnorum. manner in which these seeds shall be distributed. ·We are enacting So the amendment was not agreed to. a law to-d:1y; and on that account it seems to me the point of order Mr.l\IONE Y. I move to amencl by sti·iking out of line 94 "$80,000" wonldnot hold. The present manner of distributing seeds is some arul inserting '' e125,000;" and I deshe to say a few words on that thing that belongs to a law that expires on the 30th of .Tnne next; amendment. and if we were not to adopt some provision for the distribution in I do not believe that there is in the whole administration of this this law, the provh;ion in the law now existing would not apply to Government any equal sum of money so well expended as that which this appropriation bill. I think, therefore, the point of order is not is expended for the purchase and distribution of seeds for experi well taken. mental cultivation throughout the various sections of the country. The CHAIR~f.AN. The Chair thinks the amendment, if adopted, And I would have the am01mt sufficiently large so that the Commis would limit the discretion of the Commissioner, and would in that sioner of Agricu.lture could send these seeds to every grange, to every respect change existing law. agricn1tnral association, to every practical farmer in the whole coun Mr. AIKEN. I submit if the bill pa-sses as it is it limits the dis try, so that each farmer could have a;u opportunity himself to ex cretion of the Commissioner. It requires the Commissioner to dis periment on these things. tribute through a certain channel. My amendment does no more. I think this House has no right to withhold its hand in this matter. The CHAIRMAN. This question has been ruled on before. The We are here representing very large agricultural constituencies, con Chair sustains the point of order. stituencies which comprise two-t birds of all the working population of Mr. HOLl\lAl~. If there is no amendment pending I wish to offer this country; yet they have received less at the hands of this Congress one. than any other portion of ~ur people. Take ont of calculation the ex The CHAIRMAN. The-re is no amendment pencling. penditures by the Post-Office Department, and you will see that the Mr. HOLMAN. The motion ma-de to strike out tho words "one people of this cotmtry are but beasts of burden to hear the lQad of half," in the ninety-fifth line, and insert in lieu thereof "tluee government, to pay taxes to replenish our Treasnry, to keep alive tht:} fourt.hs" was defeated. I wish now to inquire whether it is not in manufactures of the country, its transportation companies, and its order to move to strike out "one-half" and insert the words "two commercial companies. thirds." I ask you now, in the name of the f:1TIIlers of the country, to give Mr. VALENTINE. I believe that is substantially the amendment tlle Commissioner of Agriculture an appropriation sufficient to ena~ which has been voted down. him to furnish seeds to every farmer in every neighborhood of t:he The CHAIRl\!AN. The Chair thinks not. country, and it williJe for the benefit of the Government which they 1\Ir. TURNER, of Kentucky. It is a different a.m~ndment. so largely support. Mr. HOLMAN. I move, then, to amend by striking out ''one- Mr. REAGAN. I desire to say a word in opposition to the amend half" aml inserting "two-thirds." · ment onere~ by my triend from Mississippi, [l\!r. MONEY.] In the -. 1770 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-ROUSE. MARCH 9, uill we have an appropriation of $80,000 to provide seeds for experi I believe every dollar appropriated by this bill will yield an abun mental purposes. The gentleman from Mississippi proposes to add dant retnrn by the aid and influence it brings to the various interests $4G,OOO to that sum, and sug~ests that it is in the interest of the of agriculture. farmers of the country and snould be done for the benefit of the Mr. WHITE. Mr. Chairman, the remarks of the gentleman from farmers. Texas, [Mr. REAGA...~,] if they apply to this clause of the bill, apply l\lr. Chairman, if I had the power to do it, in the interest of the with equal force to the entire bill. If we are to have an Agricult fanners and for their benefit and their protection, I would strike ural Department at all it is not for the purpose of ornamenting some out of this bill everything except snch necessary seeds, plants, and square here in the city of Washin~on, not for the purpose of giving cuttings as are essential for experiment . \Vhat sort of seeds do we employment to a number of clerks m a magnificent building here, but now get to send to our constituents ·f The great bnlk of them are itisto benefit the farmersofthecountry. If what the gentleman from common fi eld seeds-field-corn, field-pease, field-beans, caubage-seeds, Texas has said is true, then he has just grounds to introlluce a reso · ueet-seeds, radish-seeds. And when you take into consideration the lution here calling for an investigation looking to the puni hment of time and expense of obtaining these seeds and sending them to the some of these officials who have not done their duty. 11eople, the sum of money that is spent in the office here to prepare l\lr. REAGAN. I stated nothing calling for any investigation. the seeds for sending, and the time spent in sending them out, it Mr. WHITE. Then the gentleman certainly did not mean what will be found that each paper of seed costs the tax-payer five times he said. as much as it would cost him to go to a reliable seed store and buy l\lr. REAGAN. The gentleman evidently doe not 1mow what I the 'eeds for himself. did say, or he would not say that. I do not think it is any benefit to a man to make him pay taxes Mr. WHITE. I have no desire to get into a colloquy with the gen five times in amount what the seedswouldcosthim at a reliable seed tleman from Texas; but when he says the Department sends out store in order to build up a sort of eleemosynary institution here in seeds that are not worth sending, that it sends out an inferior quality 'Vasbington at an enormous expense. I would give this bureau the of seed, I understand him to mean what he says, and that he is duty to perform which it ought to perform, that of aiding the people making a charge against the Departm.ent-- by the collection and distribution of such novel and useful seeds as 1\lr. REAGAN. I did not use either expression. might benefit agriculture, such novel and useful plants and cuttings Mr. WHITE. The RECORD will show. as might be desirable for experimental purposes. But when we make Mr. REAGAN. Very well. this Agricultural Department simply a competitor of the seed stores l\Ir. WHITE. If the Department i sending out eeds of inferior of the country in distributing the same sort of seeds at an enormou quality, if it i failing to perform its duty, then we ought to put men expense and far beyond their value we do not benefit the agricultural in that Department who will perform their duty. I understand the interest of the country. If I had known this question was to come vote a few moments ago to have been an indirect charge against this up at this time I would have gone over this bill and added together Department that it is making unfair discriminations. That may be the different items and estimated the value of the seeds to be sent true. The vote was to the effect that in the future we should reserve out as I have done on former occasions, and I could have shown that two-thirds of these cuttings and seeds in our hands to be distributed I am not mistaken in saying that every paper of seed sent out from according to our own understanding of the needs of our constituents. that Department costs five times more than it would cost to buy it Indirectly the insinuation is (it may be well founded) that the .Agri at the seed stores. Therefore, I do not want to see this appropriation cultural Department has been showing favoritism-that it does not increased. If I could I would reduce it by stopping the sending out understand the wants of the people as we understand them. of ordinary seeds such as we find in seed stores, and prevent the De Now, we have the Agricultural Department building; we have the partment from entering into competition with the seed merchants of clerks; we have the head of the Department; but we have no suf the country. ficient appropriation to comply with the demands of our constituents. l\lr. UPDEGRAFF, of Ohio. Although the Committee on Agricult Let us make the appropriation 125,000, as the gentleman fron Mis ure consented to the sum of $80,000 for this purpose as a compromise, sissippi well suggests. Our constituents will stand by us. We I am glad, as a member of that commiUee, to see a disposition in this appropriate tens of thousands, yes, millions, to ornament the city of House to make an appropriation in this bill commensurate with the Washington. We have our Horticultural Ga,rden; we have our vast needs and great importance of the interest of agriculture-the Agricultural Grounds beautifully decorated; but it is not for such great basis interest of the country. It is evidence of a growing appre objects that we are sent here; it is not for such objects that we pro ciation of the just demands of that great industry which i the under pose to provide in this bill. We desire to supply a want on thepart lying source of our wonderful prosperity. of our constituents for seeds, which in many cases they do not feel The gentleman from Texas [l\!r. REAGAN] has said that he would warranted in buying, to try the experiments necessary in order that limit the distribution of plants and seeds to tho e which are rare and the agricultural interest may make that progress which we desire of great value. Mr. Chairman, it is impossible in many ca es to de to see made in all parts of this agricultural country. termine in advance what seeds will be of special value. The distri Mr. VALENTINE. I move that the committee rise, for the pu,rpose bution of Mediterranean wheat a few years ago through the Depart of limiting debate. ment of Agriculture has been the source of millions of dollars of profit The motion was agreed to. to the agriculturists of this country. The distribution of sorghum The committee accordingly rose; and the Speaker having resumed seed by that Department has brought to the agriculture of thi coun the chair, ~lr. UPDEGRAFF, of Iowa, reported that the Committee of try a return greater than the whole amount which that Department the \Vhole Hou e on the state of the Union, having had under con has ever cost since its foundation. Yet it is only a few years since sideration the bill (H. R. No. 4466) making appropriations for the the distribution of sorghum was ridiculed. Agricultural Department of the Government for the fiscal year end Mr. HATCH. Mr. Chairman, I rise to a point of order. \Ve on ing June 30, 1883, and for other purposes, had come to no resolution this side of the House desire greatly to hear the gentlem:m from Ohio thereon . . and cannot do so. l\fr. VALENTINE. I move tha~ the House resolve itself into the The CHAIRMAN. The committee will come to order. Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union for the further :Mr. UPDEGRAFF, of Ohio. Yes, :Mr. Chairman, this is not a consideration of the agricultural appropriation bill; and, pendinf:? political question; and many members of this House have not the the motion, I move that all debate upon the pending paragraph anct same interest in agriculture that they would feel in a political ques all amendments thereto be limited to one minute. tion. But, as was well said by the gentleman from Mississippi, the The motion to close debate was agreed to ; and then the motion to people of this country have an interest in this question greater and go into committee. higher than in most of our political discussions, and I am gratified The House accordingly resolved itself into the Committee of the to see a disposition in the Hou e to make an appropriation for this Whole on the state ofthe Union, Mr. UPDEGRAFF, of Iowa, in the chair. ~;reat object commensurate with its interest and importance. Even The CHAIRMAN. The committee resumes the consideration of the $100,000, if appropriated for this purpose, would be but a fraction of agricultural appropriation bill, and all debate on the pending para a cent to each of the people of this country ; and there are more than graph and all amendments thereto, by order of the Honse, has been thirty million of your people engaged directly in this business of agri closed in one minute. culture, besides all the rest dependent upon agricultural products for Mr. UPDEGRAFF, of Ohio. It only requires a part of the minute subsistence. It is our agricultural industry that has given us such a for me to remind the committee that an appropriation of $100,000 for balance sheet as we now show the world, nine thousand millions, as the this object is only one-fifth of a cent to each inhabitant of this countTy great aggregate of our agricultural products in this country during accoriling to the enumeration by the last census. the last year. I hope, l\fr. Chairman, that we shall make our appro The CHAIRMAN. The question recurs on the amendment of the priation, in some degree at least, commensurate with the needs of gentleman from Mississippi, [Mr. MoNEY.] the country. Mr. HASELTINE. I wish to say I was in favor of a larger appro The committee was careful to keep the expenditure provided for by priation. We have the grounds, we havethe building, we have the this billdowu tothe least amount that was really in the interest of a. Commissionerwith his large salary, we have a large number of clerks wise and real economy. Many items are much below the estimates, under him, and it appears to me the people of the country, the agri and the only item in which the matter of agricultural statistics is pro culturists who are to be benefited by the Department of Agriculture vided for. Tllis is a matter of great interest and value to the agri should have a larger appropriation for this purpose of the distrilm culture of the country. It provides for a system of crop reports by tion of seeds, plants, and cuttings, by which they have heretofore which the producers of the country will be able at all times to know reaped so much advantage. the state of the crops not only of this c01mtry h11t of the world. By Mr. LATHAM. I should like to remind the committee- this 1pillions of dollars are saved to the real prodncerR of the nountry. The.CHAIRMAN. Debate is exhausted. !882. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 1771 Mr. LATHAM. I move to strike out the last word; and I would ~ds remaining in the balance unexpended after meeting the expenses just men tioned. remind the committee that $80,000 was the appropriation last year Q. What was known previously of the character of the work required under this for this purpose, while $40,000 was expended in the payment of clerks. appropriation 1 ...... They are provided for in this bill in another place, and this appro A. The work required was almost entirely new to smentific mves?gation, and priation of $80,000 will all go for seeds. being altogether physical in ch:nacter _it was nece.ssary to de'7se spe~mu appar~tus to carry it on. Any one ae-quamted With me~hamcal ~ork ~ read1ly a.pprecmte Mr. VALENTINE. I must insist debate is out of order. the large amount of patient study and expenment thlS reqrures. Not only must The question recurre Mr. EVINS. I move that the joint resolution be reported to the NAYS-1. House with the recommendation that it do pass. White. The motion was agreed to. NOT VOTING-101. ORDER OF BUSThTESS. Aldrich, De Motte. Lmd, Sherwin, Allen, Dezendorf, Martin, Shultz, Mr. VALENTINE. I renew my motion that the committee rise. Athert.on, Dibble, McKenzie, Simonton, The motion was agreed t.o. Barbour, Dingley, McLane, Smit.h, J. Hyatt The committee accordingly rose; and the Spea~er having resumed Belford, Dugro, Money, :;:pooner, t-hec.bair, Mr. UPDEGRAFF, of Iowa, reported that the Committee of Belmont, Ellis, Mosgrove, f:tephens, Beltzhoover, Forney, Moulton, Strait, the Whole House on the state of the Union had had under considera Berry, }'rost, Mutchler, Taylor, tion the joint resolution (H. R. No. 140) to print certain eulogies Elackburn, Gibson, Neal, 'Thompson, J>. n. delivered in Congress upon the late Michael P. O'Connor, and had Bland, Godshalk, Nolan, flrner, ciirecteci him to report the same to the House with the recommenda Bowman. Hammond, John Oates, Walker, Bragg, llardy, Pacheco, Watson, tion that it do pass. He further reported that the committee bad Browne. Harmer, Page, ·webber, bad under consideration the bill (H. R. No. 4466) making appropria Caldwell, Henderson. Paul. \Vellborn, tions for the Agricultural Department of the Government for the fis Carlisle Herndon, Pierce, WAst, Cassidy, Hooker, Phelps, 'Vheeler, cal year ending June 30, 1883, and for other purpose , and had directed Caswell Hubbell, Prescot.t, W hitthorne, him to report the same back to the House with sundry amendments. Clardy, Hutchins, RiceJ :rheron M. Willis, 1 Cornell, Jacobs, Ritcnie, Willits, EULOGIES UPON THE LATE M.P. 0 C0...''f~WR. Cox, Samuel S. Jorgensen, Robertson, Wilson, The SPEAKER. The question is on the engrossment and third Crapo, Kelley, Robinson, Wm. E. Wiset Mor~an R. reading of the joint resolution (H. R. No. 140) to print certain eulo Crowley, Ketcham, Ross, W ooa, BeUJamiu Curtin, Knott, Russell, Young. gies delivered in Congress on the late Michael P. O'Connor, reported Darrell, Ladd, Scoville, fi·om the Committee of the Whole H.ouse on the state of the Union Davidson, Leedom, Scrantou, with a favorable recommendation. Davis, George R. Lindsey, Shelley, The joint resolution was ordered to be engrossed and read a third So the bill was passed. time; and being engrossed, it was accordingly read the third time, and The following pairs were announced: passed. Mr. BOWMAN with 1\ir. ALLEN. Mr. EVINS moved to reconsider the vote by which the joint reso Mr. GODSHALK with Mr. DUNN. t.ion was passed ; and also moved that the motion to reconsider be Mr. 'fiiOMPSO.N1 of Iowa, with l\fr. 1\iiLLS. laid on the table. Mr. HUBBELL with Ur. BLACKBURN. 'rhe latter motion waa agreed to. 1\fr. SCRA...''HON with Mr. FROST. AGRICULTURAL APPROPRIATION BILL. Mr. HOUK with Mr. \VmTTHOID.TE. The SPEAKER. The bill (H. R. No. 4466) makin~ appropriations l\Ir. SHELLEY ·with 1\lr. FARWELL of illinois. for the Agricultural Department of the Government for t he fiscal year Mr. WATSON with Mr. MUTCHLER. ending June 30, 1883, and for other purposes, has been reportedfrom Mr. ERRETT with l\lr. HOOKER. t-he Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union with 1\Ir. THOMPSON, of Kentucky, with Mr. SHERWIN. rsundry amendments. The question is on the amendments reported Mr. CRAPO with Mr. ROBINSON of New York. by tille Committee ofthe ·whole. Is there objection to voting on these Mr. LIXDSEY with Mr. ATHERTON. amendments in gross 7 Mr. DoGRO with Mr. YoUNG. There was no objection; and, the q1Jest.ion being taken on t.he Mr. HARDY with Mr. CORNELL. amendments, they were agreed to. Mr. RYAN with Mr. LEFEVRE. The bill as amended was ordered to be engrossed ami read a. third Mr. Foru.J<~Y with Mr. WEST. i·ime; and being engrossed, it was accordingly read the third time. Mr. HUTCHIXS with Mr. W. A. WOOD. The SPEAKER. The question is on the passn,ue of the bill. Under Mr. MARTIN with 1\Ir. WALKER. 1 be rule, this being a general appropriation bill, the question will be Mr. THO:\IAS with Mr. DAVIDSON. taken by yeas and nays. Mr. RITCHIE with Mr. ILurn:oxD of Georgia. Mr. VALE~"TINE. I a-sk unanimou1:1 consent to disnense with the Mr. KETCHAl\1 with Mr. Cox ofNew York. f'.all of the yeas and nays. • Jr. Ross with Mr. BREWER. Objection was made. Mr. PIERCE with l\ir. PARKER. The question was t.aken ; and there were--yeas lDO, nay 1, not vot Mr HAZELTOX with Mr. McKENZIE. ing 101; as follows: Mr. DEZEXDORF with l\lr. WISE of Virginia. YEAS-190. Mr. HENDERSON with Mr. CLARDY. Aiken, Dowd, Jones, Phineas Robinson, Geo. J>. l\1.r. DAVIS, of Illinois, with 1\Ir. CALDWELL. Anderson, Dnnn, Joyce, Robinson, James S. l\1.r. DARRELL with 1\fr. ROBERTSON. Armfield, Dunnell, Kasso!l, Rosecrans, 1\Ir. SMITH, of New York, with :Mr. LATIIAM. Atkins, Dwight, Kenn:~., Ryan, Barr, Ermentrout, lling, Scales, 1\fr. BERRY with l\Ir. PAGE. Bayne, En·ett, Klotz, Shackeli'ord. l\Ir. WILLITS with Mr. KNoTr. Bea-ch, Evins, Lacoy, Shallenberger, Mr. WILSOX with Mr. LORD. Bingham, Farwell, Chas. B. Latham. Singleton, Jas. W. MI. MCLANE with l\Ir. URNER. Black, Farwell, Sewell S. Le Fovre, Singleton, Otho R. Blancharol, ~ey, L ewis, Skinner, Mr. HARMER with 11Ir. ELLIS. Bliss, F1sher, Manning, STDiih, A. Herr Mr. DE MOTTE with Mr. ·WELLBORN. Blount, Flower Marsh, Smith, Dietrich C. Mr. HOUK. I am paired with my colleague, Mr. WmTTHOR.l'.'"E, Brewer, Foi"d ' Mll.sou, Sparks, but believing that he would have voted for this bill if present, I have Briggs, Fulk~rson, Matson, Spaulding, Brumm, GarrL<;on, McClure. Speer. voted for it . Buchanan, Geddes, M eCoid,· Springer, 1\lr. UPDEGRAFF, of Ohio, moved to reconsider the vote by which Bnck, George, McCook, Steele, the bill was passed; and also moved t.l1at the motion to recousi a first and second time, referred to the Committee on Invalid Pen Chairman, this whole subject was before the Forty-sixth Congress. sions, and ordered to be printed. In the Senate of the United States it was referreu to the Judiciary NEW LONDO:N NAVY-YARD. Committee and reported against unanimously. There is nothing in it but a simple question of law. Mr. WAIT, by unanimous consent, presented the following, which The SPEAKER. The motion to refer is not debatable. The quetJ was ordered to be printed, in the RECORD and referred to the Com tion is on the motion of the gentleman from Iowa to tefer this re o mittee on Appropriations: lution of the Legislature of the State of Iowa to the Comm1ttee on GENERAL ASSEMBLY, January Session, A. D. 1882. the Public Lands. Senate joint resolution No. 57, concerning the navy-yard on the Thames. lli. V .AJ.'{ VOORHIS. I rise to a point of oruer. My motion to refer to the Judiciary Committee has priority. It wa first made, 'Vhereas the State of Connecticut at the in tance of the Con~rress of the United States, in the year 1868, presented by deed of gift to the Fe:leral Government and is first in order. eighty-throo aeres of land with one mile of ava.ilable water front on the river The SPEAKER. In the first place, the Chair stated that this re o Tliames, to be held by the United States in trust for naval purposes; and lution would go to the Committee on the Public Landt~, but at the Whereas this site has been recommended a.nd approved as possessing superior advant2-ges for a great navy-yard by a board of competent officers selected b.v the suggestion of the gentleman from New York [Mr. VAN VOORHIS] it ecretary of the Navy_, by the Naval Committee of the House of Repre entatives, was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. The gentleman from by a large number of distinguished naval officers, and finally by the Navy De Iowa [Ur. HEPBUR..~] who presented the resolution moves that the partment itself: Therefore, reference be changed to the Committee on the Public Land . Resolved lnJ the Assembly, That the site upon the river Thames was presented to t.be United Stat.es in view of the great advantages which would result to the United :Mr. VAN VOORHIS. I move as an amendment that it be referred States and incidentally to this State by the establishment of a navy-yard thereat to the Committee on the Judiciary. upon a scale commensurate with its superior ad"\"antages and the wants of the The SPEAKER. The gentleman from New York moves to amenu country. · the motion of the gentleman from Iowa so as to refer this re olution Resolved, That the Senators and Representatives from this State a,re requested to urge upon Congress and the naval authorities the duty and propriety of mak to the Committee on the Judiciary. ing such necessary appropriations as will utilize the site for the purposes for which The q nestion being taken on the motion of Mr. VAN VOORHIS, there it was oriainally donated. . were-ayes 1, noes 19. Resolved, That the General Assembly deems this subject of such importance to Mr. VAN VOORHIS. No quormn. this State and to the General Government that his excellency the governor is hereby authmized and reque.~ted to appoint a commission on the part of the State Several MEMBERS. Regular oruer. to present the views of the State to the authorities at Washington; and a sum not 1\lr. VAN VOORHIS. There is more than half a million dollar!! exceeding $1,000 is hereby appropriated, to be expended nnaer the authority of pending on this thing; and I propose to have it go, if I can, to the such commission for the purposes of this resolution; nnd that his excellency the . governor be requested to cause to be sent to each Senator and Repre entative ri~ht committee. from this State at Washington a. copy of these resolutions. nfr. HEPBURN. I withdraw the resolution. House of representatives pa.'lsed February 22, 1882. The SPEAKER. The resolution is withdrawn. Senate concurred February 23, 1882. RECORD OF A VOTE. STATE OF CO!I.TNECTICUT, ss: Ojftce of Sec-ret.ary of State: _ )lr. WHEELER. If there be no objection I would like to have my I hereby certify that the foreaoing is a true copy of record in this office. vote recorded in favor of the passage of the agricultural appropria In testimony whereof I have 'hereunto set my hand and affixed the seal of said tion bill. State, at Hartford, this 1st day of March, .A.. D. 1882. (sEAL.] CHARLES E. SEARLE, The SPEAKER. The rule prohibits consent. Secretary of State. ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED. OFFICIAL RECORDS OF THE REBELLIO~. ~Ir. ALDRICH, from the Committee on Enrolled Bills, reported Mr. SPRINGER, by unanimous consent, from the Conunittee on that the committee had examined and found truly enrolled bills of Printing, submitted a report in writing upon the joint resolution the following titles; when the Speaker sio-ned the same: (H. R. No. 150) concerning the publication and distribution of the An act (S. No. 130) for the relief of Pa.ulina Jones, widow of Alex official records of the rebellion; which was ordered to be printed :tll(l ander Jones, decea ed, bte of Company E, Second North Carolina recommitte(l. Infantry; SARAH WALLACE. An act (S. No. 143) for the relief of Charles Collins; ~11'. BREWER, by unanimous consent, introduced a bill (H. R. No. An act (S. No. 242) for the relief of S. Rosenfeld & Co.; 5019) granting a pension to Sarah Wallace; which was read a first An act (S. No. 266) for the relief of George W. Wicks & Co., of and second time, referred to the Committee on Invalid Pension , and Louisville, Kentucky ; onlered to be printed. An act (S. No. 271) for the relief of Frank D. Yates, and others; An act (S. No. 387) directing the Secretary of War to pay over to IMPROVEMENT OF NAVIGATION OF 1\IISSOURI RIVER. the Society of the Army of the Cmnberland 7,500, to aid in the Mr. HEPBURN, by unanimous consent, presented a memorial of the erection of a statue or monument to General James A. Garfield; General Assembly of the State of Iowa, asking Congress to aid by an An act (S. No. 491) for the relief of Henry P. Rolfe; appropriation of money the navigation of the Missouri River; which An act (S. No. 494) directing the i sue of a duplicate check to was referred to the Committee on Commerce. William ,J. Anthony, a pensioner of the United State ; SETTLERS ON DES 1\IOINES RIVER. An act (S. No.7 ) granting a pension to Olive Stephen on; and An act (S. No. 1092) authorizing and directing the purchase by 1\Ir. HEPBURN. I ask consent also to pre ent at this time a the Secretary of the Treasury, for the public use, of the property memorial of the General Assembly of the State of Iowa, asking Con known as the Freedman's Bank, and the real estate anu parcels of gress to pass an act giving to certain settlers along the Des Moines ground adjacent thereto, belonging to the Freedman's Savings and River in that State the right to have their claims to certain lands in Trust Company, and located on Pennsylvania avenue between Fif Iowa determined in the Federal courts ; and I ask that it be referred teenth and .Fifteenth-and-a-half streets, Washington, District of to the Committee on the Public Lauds. Columbia. Mr. VAN VOORHIS. Several resolutions of a similar character WITHDRAWAL OF PAPERS. have gone to the Committee on the Judiciary, and I move that this be referred to that committee. lli. MURCH, by un.. H. Owen and ofW. W. Welch-severally to the Committee on Wax braces some six or seven hundred miles of road under one control, Claims. and, talring it in connection with its control of the Georgia road, By Mr. A.. HERR SMITH: The petition of soldiers and sailors of more than that. That is all worked in connection with the expor the late war for an increase of pension to all pensioners who lost an tation of productions at Savannah. The Louisville and Nashville arm and leg while in the line of duty-to the Committee on Invalid system, which is very prominent and controls probably some two Pensions. thousand miles of road, or more, works in harmony with the Central. By Mr. STONE: The petition of Patrick McDonald, to be placed That combination of roads naturally looks to Savannah as an outlet on the retired list-to the Committee on Military Affairs. for a great deal of the produce that is shipped over its lines. There By Mr. TALBOTT: Papers relating to the claim of Alexander M. is then the line by way of'the Georgia and Cent.ral, through Atlanta Templeton-to the Committee on War Claims. over the Stat.e Road~ as it is called, by the Nashville, Chattanoo~a By Mr. URNER: Papers relating to the claim of Robertson Topp antl Saint Louis, al o connecting with the Louisville and Nashviue and William L. Vance-to the same committee. Road to the western cities. There are the same connections up to By Mr. VAN A.ERNili: The petition of soldiers and sailors of the Chattanooga and then connecting with the Cincinnati Southern, all late war, for an increase of pension to all pensioners who lost an arm pointing to the same object. There is also the line from Chattanoo~a and leg while in the line of duty-to the Committee on Invalid Pen to Memphis, Tennessee, connecting the Mississippi River with tne sions. same lines of road. In addition to that, there is what is called the By Mr. V A.NCE: A. petition for an increase of pension to oldiers Cole-Seney Syndicate, which now controls over two thou ·and miles and sailors of the late war who lost an arm or a leg while in the line of road, including its connection with the roads of what is called the of duty-to the same committee. Norfolk and \Vestern. That is building two additional links, one Also, the petition ofWilliam M. Moore, for relief-to the Committee from Rome, Georgia, to Atlanta, and the other from Atlanta to l\Iacon, on War Claims. which will soon be completed, and gives them a direct connection Ey Mr. WALTER A. WOOD: The petition of 40 citizens of Sand both with Savannah and Brunswick, Georgia. All of the e- connec Hill, New York, for the repeal of the tax on bank deposits and the tions by rail point to the port of Savannah as an Otitlet. lienee it is two-cent stamp on bank checks and drafts-to the Committee on that there is such a large collection of the cotton of the South, run Ways and Means. ning up to seven or eight hundred thou and bales a year, and going out through the port of Savannah. This presents the Southern view of the subject, but the great West SENATE. ern States are almost as much interested in that port as we are of the South. During several mouths of winter, when the canals are frozen FRIDAY, March 10, 1882. over, the Western States are dependent, as matters now stand, almo t exclusively upon the three great trunk lines for the transportation of Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. J. J. BULLOCK, D. D. all the productions of the West that seek an outlet through tlle east The J onrnal of yesterday's proceedings was read and approved. ern cities; and many a time it happens that those three trunk lines ADJOURNME:NT TO 1\'fO~AY. a.re not able to transport the productions anything like a fast as it On motion of Mr. CAMERON, of Wisconsin, it was is desired by shippers that they should be transported. Ordered, Th~tt when the Senate a~ourn to-lby, it adjou.rn to meet on Monday The e rnilroad connections which I have ju t mentioned form next. nnother grancl outlet for the western productions and for goods going MESSAGE FRO:\>! TilE HOUSE. from New York to the West through the port of Savannah, either to A message ft·om the House of Representatives, by Mr. .McPHER foreign ports or to New York, as near from the \Vest as the trunk lines soN, its Clerk, announced that the House had passed the following are t-o New York from the West. \Vhen I say" as near" I mean a bill and joint resolution; in which it requested the concurrence of uem·, calculating it as we calculat-e on transportation lines, connect the Senate: ing land and water lines together. In other wortls, co nut ~our miles A bill (H. R. No. 4466) making appropriations for the Agricultural of railroarl, and then count on the ocean (where the road Is built by Department of the Government for the fiscal year ending June :30, nature and you only have to put on the rolling stock, so to speak, or 1883, and for other purposes; and the steamers) four miles of ocean for one of rail, and yon have from A joint resolution (H. R. No. 140) to print certain cnlogies deliv the city of Memphis, from the city of Saint Louis, from the city of ered in Congress upon the late Michael P. O'Connor. Louisville, and from t.he city of Cincinnati a line toNew York through Savannah as near and for some one or two of the cities mentioned EXECUTIVE COMMU:N1CATION • nearer than the trunk lines I have mentioned by which the produc The PRESIDENT p1·o tempore laid before the Senate a communica tions of the West are usually shipped to New York. Hence the open tion from the Secretary of \Var, transmitting, in response to a redolu ing of the harbor of Savannah, so a.s to make the channel deep enough tion of Jannary9, 1882, information as to the additional works neces that ships of large size can go in and ont, opens for the West another sary at the Falls of the Ohio River to complete the improvements great competing line equal to either of the three great trunk lines thereof; which was referred to the Committee on Commerce, and for the exportation of the commerce of the West not only to foreign ordered to be printed. 11orts but directly through New York. This is a very great matter The PRESIDENT pro tempore also laid before the Scnat.e a commu to the West as well as to the South. nication from the Secretary of War, transmitting reports from Cap What would it cost to do itT The port of Savannah is a peculiar tain A.. N. Damrell, Corps of Engineers, of examinations and snrve~ s one. The water on the bar is twenty-six feet in depth at high tide. made in compliance with the requirements in the river and harbor It ueeds no improvement. There are twenty miles of river, however, act of March 3, 1881, at certain localities in the States of !<'lorida between the bar and the city. A.t the' clo e of the war they bad all :md Mississippi; which was referred to the Committee on Commerce, been obstructed by timber and sail vessels sunk in it so as to keep and ordered to be printed. out the gunbon.ts. That obstruction had to be removed. After it The PRESIDENT pro tempm·e also laid before the Senate a com was removed and a system of improvement of the harbor h:l.d been munication from the Secretary of War~ transmitting reports from the commenced, it was found that there were only about thirteen or four Uuited States engineer officers showing the maintenance of the chan teen feet ofwaterthere. The engineers adopted a syst.em of improve nel at South Pass, Mi sissippi River, dnringthe four quarters ending ment of the channel, which with the meagerappropriationsheretoforo l<'ebruary 1:3, 1882; which was referred to the Committee on the Im made has increased t.he depth to from eighteen to nineteen feet at provement of the Mississippi River and Tributaries, and ordered to high tide. be printed. In the river n,nd harbor act of last year the Engineer Corps was DIPROVEMENT OF SA V A.."'