DOCSLIB.ORG

The 1972 Sports Fisheries of Great Bear and Great Slave Lakes, Northwest Territories

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The 1972 Sports Fisheries of Great Bear and Great Slave Lakes, Northwest Territories Environment Canada Environnement Canada Fisheries Service des pêches and Marine Service et des sciences de la mer The 1972 Sports Fisheries of Great Bear and Great Slave Lakes, Northwest Territories by M.R. Falk, D.V. Gillman, L.W. Dahlke Technical Report Series No. CEN/T-73-8 Resource Management Branch Central Region DEPARTMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT FISHERIES AND MARINE SERVICE Fisheries Operations Directorate Central Region TECHNICAL REPORT SERIES No. CEN/T-73-8 THE 1972 SPORTS FISHERIES OF GREAT BEAR AND GREAT SLAVE LAKES, NORTHWEST TERRITORIES by Senior Biologist: M.R. FALK Technical Staff: D.V. GILLMAN L.W. DAHLKE Lake Management Section Resource Management Branch 1973 i ABSTRACT Creel census and biological sampling programs were carried out on the lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) and other species of Great Bear and Great Slave Lakes, Northwest Territories. 4,386 anglers were interviewed from 6 sports fishing lodges. Information on the number and species composition of the catch retained and released was obtained. An estimated 46,897 and 25,286 kg of lake trout were harvested on Great Bear and Great Slave Lakes, respectively. 3,212 lake trout were sampled for length, weight, sex and maturity. Otoliths were removed and aged at later dates. Ages ranged from 5 to 42 years, lengths from 360 to 1,020 mm, and weight from 450 to 14,400 g. On Great Bear Lake trout first exhibited sexual maturity at age 13 (519 mm; 1,538 g) and were all sexually mature at age 22. Trout from Great Slave Lake, however, first attained sexual maturity at age 8 (490 mm; 1,253 g) and were fully mature at age 19. Sex ratio on each lake varied little from a 1:1 relationship. Growth rates differed among individual lodge samples and between Great Bear and Great Slave Lakes. All growth rates were similar until approximately 400 mm and age 6. After this age Great Slave trout exhibited larger gains in weight for a corresponding increase in length. Great Slave trout averaged 1;500 g heavier and 10 mm longer than Great Bear trout for corresponding ages beyond 6 years of age. Growth rates of trout were found to be much slower than those found in southern lakes. Comparisons were also made to other lake trout populations to determine the possible effect of the present exploitation rate. The present harvest of lake trout as trophies, fillet and angler lunches is substantial. Trout used for filleting comprised over 65 percent of the total catch. The data collected and local information sources indicate that the overall size and availability of trophy lake trout is declining due to the nature and magnitude of the present fishing harvest. In addition, all mature fish are susceptible to sports angling on the lake and the harvest is indiscriminate as to size and age. This raises a threat to the entire population because of the poor reproductive capacity and late maturation age of the stocks. The economic and conservation demands of the resource base to provide a sustained yield of lake trout can be best met by the continuance of the fishery on a trophy basis only. To ensure this, recommendations to convert the harvest primarily to trophy fish are made. Regulation changes are recommended to lower the catch and possession limits and to reduce mortality among released fish by implementing barbless hooks. Recommendations are also made to expand the creel census and sampling programs to portions of the fishery not covered and to investigate the effect of hooking mortality. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Department is grateful to the lodge operators of the Northwest Territories who provided necessary information and cooperated in data collection for this study. Our appreciation is given for the work conducted during 1972 by the following students; L. French, M. Klassen, M. Busch, K. Callele, L. Cardinal, B. Thompson and K. Howard. C. Read and J. Favell assisted in age determinations and data analysis. Fisheries Service staff, based in Yellowknife, deserve special thanks for their involvement with the field program. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Abstract.......................................................................................................................i Acknowledgements ................................................................................................... ii List of Figures ............................................................................................................ v List of Tables ...........................................................................................................viii List of Appendices. .................................................................................................... x Introduction ................................................................................................................1 Description of the Areas ............................................................................................2 Description of the Fisheries .......................................................................................8 Materials and Methods ............................................................................................13 General ..........................................................................................................13 Creel Census .................................................................................................14 Individual Lodge Harvest ...............................................................................15 Utilization of Harvest......................................................................................16 Total Lake Harvests.......................................................................................17 Fillet Study .....................................................................................................17 Results.....................................................................................................................19 A. Great Bear Lake...................................................................................19 Great Bear Lodge: Neiland Bay and Bear Island Outpost Camps......................................19 Great Bear Lake Lodge...................................................................29 Cameron Bay Lodge .......................................................................33 Great Bear Trophy Lodge ...............................................................37 Arctic Circle Lodge ..........................................................................40 Total Harvest from Great Bear Lake....................................................44 Comparison of Great Bear Lake Lodges .............................................45 iv Page B. Great Slave Lake ................................................................................. 47 Great Slave Lake Lodge ................................................................. 47 Frontier Fishing Lodge .................................................................... 57 Arctic Star Lodge............................................................................. 62 Indian Mountain Lodge ................................................................... 64 Trophy Lodge .................................................................................. 64 Total Harvest from Great Slave Lake, 1972 ........................................ 67 Comparison of Great Slave Lake Lodges............................................ 70 C. Fillet Study ........................................................................................... 70 D. Comparison of Great Bear and Great Slave Lakes.................................................................................................... 71 Discussion ............................................................................................................... 81 Summarv ................................................................................................................. 89 Recommendations................................................................................................... 91 Literature Cited ........................................................................................................ 93 Appendix.................................................................................................................. 95 v LIST OF FIGURES Page 1. Map of Great Slave Lake illustrating the sports fishing lodges........................................................................................... 3 2. Map of Great Bear Lake illustrating the sports fishing lodges........................................................................................... 6 3. Location of Great Bear Lodge, Neiland Bay Outpost Camp, showing the approximate area fished for lake trout, 1972................................................................................................. 20 4. Length-weight relationships of lake trout from three lodges on Great Bear Lake, 1972 ........................................................... 23 5. Comparison of length versus age of trout from three Great Bear Lake lodges, 1972 ................................................................ 25 6. Comparison of weight versus age of lake trout from three Great Bear Lake lodges, 1972 ................................................................ 26 7. Comparison of the age frequency distributions of lake trout from three Great Bear Lake lodges, 1972 ........................................ 27 8. Comparison of the length frequency distributions of lake trout from three Great
Load more

Recommended publications
  • H a Guide to Sport Fishing in Nunavut
    h a guide to sport fishing in nunavut SPORT FISHING GUIDE / NUNAVUT TOURISM / NUNAVUTTOURISM.COM / 1.866.NUNAVUT 1 PLUMMER’S ARCTIC LODGES PLUMMER’S Fly into an untouched, unspoiled landscape for the adventure of a lifetime. Fish for record-size lake trout and pike in the treeless but colourful barrenlands. Try for arctic grayling in our cold clear waters. And, of course, set your sights on an arctic char on the Tree River, the Coppermine River, or dozens of other rivers across Nunavut that flow to the Arctic seas. Spend a full 24 hours angling for the species of your choice under the rays of the midnight sun. PLUMMER’S ARCTIC LODGES PLUMMER’S Pristine, teeming with trophy fish, rare wildlife and Read on to explore more about this remarkable place: nature at its rawest, Nunavut is a cut above any ordinary about the Inuit and their 1000-year history of fishing in sport fishing destination. Brave the stark but stunning one of the toughest climates in the world; about the wilderness of the region. Rise to the unique challenges experienced guides and outfitters ready to make your of Nunavut. And come back with jaw-dropping trophy- adventure run smoothly. Read on to discover your next sized catches, as well as memories and stories that great sport fishing experience! you’ll never tire of. Welcome To Sport Fishing Paradise. 2 SPORT FISHING GUIDE / NUNAVUT TOURISM / NUNAVUTTOURISM.COM / 1.866.NUNAVUT PLUMMER’S ARCTIC LODGES PRIZE OF THE ARCTIC Arctic Char The arctic char is on every sport fisher’s bucket list.
    [Show full text]
  • Diamond Mining and Tłįchǫ Youth in Behchokǫ̀, Northwest Territories
    ARCTIC VOL. 65, NO. 2 (JUNE 2012) P. 214 – 228 All That Glitters: Diamond Mining and Tłįchǫ Youth in Behchokǫ,̀ Northwest Territories COLLEEN M. DAVISON1 and PENELOPE HAWE2 (Received 5 March 2010; accepted in revised form 23 September 2011) ABSTRACT. Currently, Canada’s northern territories have three active diamond mines and one mine under construction, and one mine has recently closed. In response to local concerns, and in partnership with members of the Tłįchǫ First Nation, this ethnographic study examines the positive and detrimental impacts of diamond mining on youth in Behchokǫ,̀ Northwest Territories, using data collected from intensive fieldwork and participant observation, focus groups, interviews, and archival documents. The study of mining impacts remains a complex and contested field. Youth in Behchokǫ̀ experience both negative and positive effects of mining. Diamond mining companies are places of employment and act as community resources; their development has influenced the transience of individuals in the region, the identity and roles of family caregivers, the motivation of students, the purpose of schooling, and the level of economic prosperity in some (but not all) families. The diverse impacts of these changes on the health of northern individuals and communities can be understood only within the broader context of social, economic, political, and environmental changes occurring in the Arctic today. Results of this study help inform ongoing efforts by those in Behchokǫ̀ and the Northwest Territories to monitor the effects of diamond mining and maximize the potential benefits for local people, including youth. Key words: Aboriginal health, youth, diamond mining, resource development, education, employment, impacts and benefits RÉSUMÉ.
    [Show full text]
  • Compendium of Research in the Northwest Territories 2014
    Compendium of Research in the Northwest Territories 2014 www.nwtresearch.com This publication is a collaboration between the Aurora Research Institute, the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Fisheries and Oceans Canada and the Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre. Thank you to all who submitted a summary of research or photographs, and helped make this publication possible. Editor: Ashley Mercer Copyright © 2015 ISSN: 1205-3910 Printed by Aurora Research Institute Foreword Welcome to the 2014 Compendium of Research in the Northwest Territories. This year marked a special anniversary for the Aurora Research Institute and northern research. Fifty years ago, the Inuvik Research Laboratory was built and has served as a hub for research in the western arctic ever since. The Lab, as it was known, was first built as an initiative of the Canadian federal government in the newly established community of Inuvik. It remains on the same site today, but in 2011, a new modern multi-purpose facility opened to continue to support research in the north. We have included a brief history of the Lab and its impact in this edition of the Compendium to mark its long lasting importance to many researchers and community members. As part of the 50th anniversary celebration, the Aurora Research Institute team undertook a full set of NWT-wide celebrations. We celebrated the history, capacity and growth of research in the NWT that touched all corners of the territory and beyond. We honoured the significant scientific contributions that have taken place in the NWT over the past 50 years, and the role of NWT researchers, technicians and citizens in these accomplishments.
    [Show full text]
  • Mapping Known and Potential Karst Areas in the Northwest Territories, Canada
    Mapping Known and Potential Karst Areas in the Northwest Territories, Canada Derek Ford, PGeo., PhD, FRSC. Emeritus Professor of Geography and Earth Sciences, McMaster University [email protected] For: Environment and Natural Resources, Government of the Northwest Territories August 2009 (i) Executive Summary The Goal of this Report is to Produce Maps of the Known and Potential Karst Landform Sites in the Northwest Territories (NWT) Karst landforms are those created by the dissolution of comparatively soluble rocks and the routing of the water (from rain or snowmelt) underground via caves rather than at the surface in river channels. The principal karst rocks are salt (so soluble that it is scarcely seen at the surface in the NWT), gypsum and anhydrite (solubility around 2500 mg/l of water), and limestone and dolomite (solubility around 250 -350 mg/l). All of these rock types are common and widespread amongst the sedimentary strata in the NWT. Surface karst landforms include: a) karren, which are spreads of individually small solution pits, shafts, and runnels that, collectively, may cover many hectares (limestone pavements); b) sinkholes of solutional, collapse, or other origin that can be tens to hundreds of metres in diameter and proportionally as deep. Sinkholes are considered the diagnostic karst landform worldwide; c) larger topographically closed depressions that may flood or drain seasonally, poljes if flat-floored, otherwise turloughs; d) extensive dry valleys and gorges, dry because their formative waters have been captured underground. All water sinking underground via karst landforms of all sizes drain quickly in comparison with all other types of groundwater because they are able to flow through solutionally enlarged conduits, termed caves where they are of enterable size.
    [Show full text]
  • The Cultural Ecology of the Chipewyan / by Donald Stewart Mackay.
    ThE CULTURAL ECOLOGY OF TkE CBIPE%YAN UONALD STEhAkT MACKAY b.A., University of british Columbia, 1965 A ThESIS SUBMITTED IN PAhTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE HEObIRCMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in the department of Sociology and Anthropology @ EONALD STECART MACKAY, 1978 SIMON F hAShR UNlVERSITY January 1978 All rights reserved. This thesis may not be reproduced in whole or in, part, by photocopy or other means, without permission of the author. APPROVAL Name : Donald Stewart Mackay Degree: Master of Arts Title of Thesis: The Cultural Ecology of the Chipewyan Examining Cormnit tee : Chairman : H. Sharp Senior Supervisor- - N. Dyck C.B. Crampton . Fisher Departme'nt of Biological Sciences / ,y/y 1 :, Date Approved: //!,, 1 U The of -- Cultural Ecology .- --------the Chipewyan ----- .- ---A <*PI-: (sign-ir ~re) - Donald Stewart Mackay --- (na~t) March 14, 1978. (date ) AESTRACT This study is concerned with the persistence of human life on the edge of the Canadian Barren Grounds. The Chipewyan make up the largest distinct linguistic and cultural group and are the most easterly among the Northern Athapaskan Indians, or Dene. Over many centuries, the Chipewyan have maintained a form of social life as an edge-of-the-forest people and people of the Barren Grounds to the west of Hudson Bay. The particular aim of this thesis is to attempt, through a survey of the ecological and historical 1iterature , to elucidate something of the traditional adaptive pattern of the Chipewyan in their explcitation of the subarc tic envirorient . Given the fragmentary nature of much of the historical evidence, our limited understanding of the subarctic environment, and the fact that the Chipewyan oecumene (way of looking at life) is largely denied to the modern observer, we acknowledge that this exercise in ecological and historical reconstruction is governed by serious hazards and limitations.
    [Show full text]
  • Fire Regimes in Nahanni National Park and the Mackenzie Bison Sanctuary, Northwest Territories, Canada
    FIRE REGIMES IN NAHANNI NATIONAL PARK AND THE MACKENZIE BISON SANCTUARY, NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, CANADA P.M. Bothwell, W.J. de Groot, and D.E. Dubé Canadian Forest Service, 5320 - 122 Street, Edmonton, AB T6H 3S5, Canada T. Chowns Resources, Wildlife, and Economic Development, Box 4354, Hay River, NWT X0E 1G3, Canada D.H. Carlsson and C.N. Stefner Canadian Forest Service, 5320 - 122 Street, Edmonton, AB T6H 3S5, Canada ABSTRACT Nahanni National Park and the Mackenzie Bison Sanctuary are ecologically important areas in the Northwest Territories. Fire history data in Nahanni National Park and the Mackenzie Bison Sanctuary were used for a comparative analysis in order to identify the most influential characteristics of their respective fire regimes. The Mackenzie Bison Sanctuary is located on the Taiga Plains and is surrounded to the east and south by Great Slave Lake. Nahanni National Park is located in the Mackenzie Mountains, approximately 500 km west of the Mackenzie Bison Sanctuary. Elevation relief in the Mackenzie Bison Sanctu­ ary is 160–260 m, and in Nahanni National Park is 180–2,640 m. Fuels are similar in both study areas and are dominated by low-density coniferous forest. Nahanni National Park has a significantly higher mean annual occurrence of very high and extreme classes of Canadian Fire Weather Index System codes and indices. Fire scar data indicate weighted mean fire return intervals (MFRIs) of 28 years and 27 years, respectively, for Nahanni National Park and the Mackenzie Bison Sanctuary. Area burned totals from a national database of fires greater than 200 ha in area suggest a fire cycle of 1,142 years and 199 years, respectively, for Nahanni National Park and the Mackenzie Bison Sanctuary.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of Information on Fish Stocks and Harvests in the South Slave Area, Northwest Territories
    A Review of Information on Fish Stocks and Harvests in the South Slave Area, Northwest Territories DFO L b ary / MPO Bibliotheque 1 1 11 0801752111 1 1111 1 1 D.B. Stewart' Central and Arctic Region Department of Fisheries and Oceans Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N6 'Arctic Biological Consultants Box 68, St. Norbert Postal Station 95 Turnbull Drive Winnipeg, MB, R3V 1L5. 1999 Canadian Manuscript Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2493 Canadian Manuscript Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Manuscript reports contain scientific and technical information that contributes to existing knowledge but which deals with national or regional problems. Distribution is restricted to institutions or individuals located in particular regions of Canada. However, no restriction is placed on subject matter, and the series reflects the broad interests and policies of the Department of Fisheries and Oceans, namely, fisheries and aquatic sciences. Manuscript reports may be cited as full publications. The correct citation appears above the abstract of each report. Each report is abstracted in Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts and indexed in the Department's annual index to scientific and technical publications. Numbers 1-900 in this series were issued as Manuscript Reports (Biological Series) of the Biological Board of Canada, and subsequent to 1937 when the name of the Board was changed by Act of Parliament, as Manuscript Reports (Biological Series) of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. Numbers 901-1425 were issued as Manuscript Reports of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. Numbers 1426-1550 were issued as Department of Fisheries and the Environment, Fisheries and Marine Service Manuscript Reports.
    [Show full text]
  • August 8, 2013
    August 8, 2013 The Sahtu Land Use Plan and supporting documents can be downloaded at: www.sahtulanduseplan.org Sahtu Land Use Planning Board PO Box 235 Fort Good Hope, NT X0E 0H0 Phone: 867-598-2055 Fax: 867-598-2545 Email: [email protected] Website: www.sahtulanduseplan.org i Cover Art: “The New Landscape” by Bern Will Brown From the Sahtu Land Use Planning Board April 29, 2013 The Sahtu Land Use Planning Board is pleased to present the final Sahtu Land Use Plan. This document represents the culmination of 15 years of land use planning with the purpose of protecting and promoting the existing and future well-being of the residents and communities of the Sahtu Settlement Area, having regard for the interests of all Canadians. From its beginnings in 1998, the Board’s early years focused on research, mapping, and public consultations to develop the goals and vision that are the foundation of the plan. From this a succession of 3 Draft Plans were written. Each Plan was submitted to a rigorous review process and refined through public meetings and written comments. This open and inclusive process was based on a balanced approach that considered how land use impacts the economic, cultural, social, and environmental values of the Sahtu Settlement Area. The current board would like to acknowledge the contributions of former board members and staff that helped us arrive at this significant milestone. Also, we would like to extend our gratitude to the numerous individuals and organizations who offered their time, energy, ideas, opinions, and suggestions that shaped the final Sahtu Land Use Plan.
    [Show full text]
  • In This Issue
    Northern Mining News Volume 13, No. 9 September 2019 In this September 2019 issue: Newly elected NWT MLAs face a daunting economic picture.........................................2 Chamber of Mines posts industry information for election candidates ...........................4 Nine Canadian women share US$43,200 in De Beers Group scholarships .......................5 Gahcho Kué mine rescue team wins overall national western regional title....................6 Nighthawk extends mineralization at Colomac and Treasure Island ...............................7 Sabina summarizes exploration results and resource growth potential at Goose ............8 Osisko Metals announces Pine Point collaboration agreements................................... 10 TMAC adds Thomas Boehlert to board of directors ..................................................... 10 Nominations now open for NWT Mining and Exploration (MAX) Awards! .................... 11 NorZinc announces new financing ............................................................................. 11 Chamber of Mines employment opportunity – administrative assistant ....................... 12 Mine Training Society elects new executive and appoints new GM .............................. 12 Call for NAPEG award nominations ............................................................................ 13 NWT Mineral tenure heat map (July 1 – Sept 30) ........................................................ 14 Welcome new members! .........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Arctic Environmental Strategy Summary of Recent Aquatic Ecosystem Studies Northern Water Resources Studies
    Arctic Environmental Strategy Summary of Recent Aquatic Ecosystem Studies Northern Water Resources Studies Arctic Environmental Strategy Summary ofRecent Aquatic Ecosystem Studies August 1995 Northern Affairs Program Edited by J. Chouinard D. Milburn Published under the authority of the Honourable Ronald A. Irwin, P.C., M.P., Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development Ottawa, 1995 QS-8507-030-EF-Al Catalogue No. R72-244/1-1995E ISBN 0-662-23939-3 © Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada FOREWORD The Arctic Environmental Strategy (AES), announced in April 1991, is a six-year $100 million Green Plan initiative. The overall goal ofthe AES is to preserve and enhance the integrity, health, biodiversity and productivity ofour Arctic ecosystems for the benefit ofpresent and future generations. Four specific programs address some ofthe key environmental challenges: they are waste cleanup, contaminants, water management, and environment and economy integration. The programs are managed by the Northern Affairs Program ofthe Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development (DIAND); however, there is a strong emphasis on partnerships with northern stakeholders including Native organizations, other federal departments and the territorial governments. The AES Action on Water Program specifically strives to enhance the protection ofnorthern freshwaters through improved knowledge and decision-making. Water Resources managers in the Yukon and the Northwest Territories administer this Program which focuses on freshwater aquatic ecosystems. This report is the first detailed compilation ofstudies.conducted under the AES Action on Water Program. It covers work done from 1991 to 1994. Many studies have been concluded, while others are ongoing. Although data may not be available for all studies, or results are preliminary at this time, this report presents detailed background, objectives and methodology.
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Contents Waters of Opportunity
    Table of Contents Waters of Opportunity .................... 1 Barrenlands and Great Respect and Responsibility ............ 2 Bear Lake .......................................11 Licence to Thrill .............................. 3 Mackenzie River and the Delta ...... 12 Epic Waters .................................... 4 Beaufort Sea and Arctic Ocean ..... 13 By Land, Water or Air ..................... 5 Our Specialties .............................. 14 Seasoned Operators ...................... 7 Getting Here .................................. 20 What to Bring ................................. 8 Map ............................................... 21 NWT Geographic ........................... 9 Operator Listings ........................... 23 14 Our Specialties BRUGGEN VAN JASON Great Slave Lake ............................10 Cover Photo Credit: Jason Van Bruggen The metric system is used for all measurements in this guide. Following are conversions of the more common uses: 1 kilometre (km) = .62 miles 1 metre (m) = 39 inches 1 kilogram (kg) = 2.2 pounds Indicates a member of Northwest Territories Tourism at the time of publication. The 2015 Sportfishing Guide is published by Northwest Territories DISCLAIMER – The information on services and licences Tourism, P.O. Box 610 Yellowknife NT X1A 2N5 Canada. contained in this book is intended for non-residents of the Toll free in North America 1-800-661-0788 Northwest Territories and non-resident aliens visiting Canada. Telephone (867) 873-5007 Fax (867) 873-4059 It is offered to you as a matter of interest and is believed Email: [email protected] Web: spectacularnwt.com to be correct and accurate at the time of printing. If you Production by Kellett Communications Inc., Yellowknife, would like to check the current licence status of a Northwest Northwest Territories. Printed in Canada for free distribution. Territories operator or to get an official copy of the NWT Fishing Regulations, please contact the Government of the Northwest Territories at (867) 873-7903.
    [Show full text]
  • Central Mackenzie Surface Water and Groundwater Baseline Assessment
    May 21, 2015 Central Mackenzie Surface Water and Groundwater Baseline Assessment REPORT 2: PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY Submitted to: Bruce Hanna Regional Science Coordinator Government of the Northwest Territories 867-920-6520 [email protected] Report Number: 1401835 Final Report 2 Distribution: REPORT GNWT - 5 copies Golder - 1 copy CENTRAL MACKENZIE SURFACE WATER AND GROUNDWATER BASELINE ASSESSMENT - PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY Table of Contents 1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Purpose of Report ................................................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Study Area ........................................................................................................................................................... 1 2.0 TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE ......................................................................................................................................... 4 3.0 SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE ............................................................................................................................................ 19 3.1 Surface Water Quantity (Hydrology) .................................................................................................................. 19 3.1.1 Climate ........................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]