Mblannualreports1976.Pdf
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Load more
Recommended publications
-
Lipid Rafts and Caveolae
46 Scaffolding SCAFFOLDING 1 NANOCELLBIOLOGY: CELL SURFACE PORTALS – CLATHRIN-COATED PITS, LIPID RAFTS, CAVEOLAE, AND POROSOMES A new field in biology, nanocellbiology (nano cell biol- About 280 years later, the transmission electron micro- ogy), has emerged from the successful use of atomic force scope was invented. Hence, on July 6, 1944 in Rockefeller microscopy, in combination with electron microscopy and Institute for Medical Research, New York, NY, Albert Claude other methods, in understanding the structure and dynamics made the first 13 micrographs taken from (cultured) cells. of cells and biomolecules at nanoscale resolution (1-3) (Fig- Thirty years later, in 1974, Albert Claude, Christian de Duve ure 1). and George Palade shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Human “love to knowledge” (from Bulgarian “lyuboz- Medicine. For the discovery of a new cell world, revealing nanie” - “lyubov”, love, “znanie”, knowledge) led to the membrane-bound organelles (mitochondria, endoplasmic re- whish to “see inside” the body of organisms. Initially, this ticulum, Golgi complex, lysosomes, caveolae) and cytoskel- was achieved by the dissection of human cadavers performed etal elements (filaments and microtubules). by the pioneer anatomist Andreas Vesalius. Later on the mi- The plasma membrane (plasmalemma, cell surface) is a croscope was invented. In 1609, Galileo was among the first complex lipoprotein structure surrounding the cells in all to use a telescope as an instrument to observe stars and plan- living organisms. Cells have constant need for the build- ets. The names „telescope“ and „microscope“ were coined for ing components of life: amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates, Galileo‘s instrument, in 1611. Illustrations of insects made and nucleic acids. -
COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Box 100, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724
- - , COLD SPRING HARBORLABORATORY ANNUAL REPORT 1982 COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Box 100, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724 1982 Annual Report Editors: Annette Kirk, Elizabeth Ritcey Photographers: Herb Parsons, Joan James Cover: Reginald G. Harris Building, dedicated May 27, 1982. Photo by Ross Meurer. COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY COLD SPRING HARBOR, LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK OFFICERS OF THE CORPORATION Walter H. Page, Chairperson Dr. Bayard Clarkson, Vice-Chairperson Dr. Norton D. Zinder, Secretary Robert L. Cummings, Treasurer Roderick H. Cushman, Assistant Treasurer Dr. James D. Watson, Director William R. Udry, Administrative Director BOARD OF TRUSTEES Institutional Trustees Individual Trustees Albert Einstein College of Medicine John F. Carr Dr. Matthew Scharff Robert L. Cummings Roderick H. Cushman Columbia University Walter Frank, Jr. Dr. Charles Cantor Mrs. Mary Jeanne Harris Amb. John P. Humes Duke University Dr. Ralph Landau Dr. Robert Webster Mrs. Mary Lindsay Walter H. Page Long Island Biological Association William S. Robertson Mr. Edward Pulling Alexander C. Tomlinson Dr. James D. Watson Massachusetts Institute of Technology Dr. Boris Magasanik Honorary Trustees Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Dr. Bayard Clarkson Dr. Harry Eagle Dr. H. Bentley Glass New York University Medical Center Dr. Alexander Hollaender Dr. Claudio Basilico The Rockefeller University Dr. Norton D. Zinder State University of New York, Stony Brook Dr. Thomas E. Shenk University of Wisconsin Dr. Masayasu Nomura Wawepex Society Mr. Townsend J. Knight Yale University Dr. Charles F. Stevens Officers and trustees listed are as of December 31, 1982 DIRECTOR'S REPORT 1982 Now 30 years have passed since Francis Crick and I remember the first decade of the double helix as a discovered the double helix. -
“My Little Spontaneous Blips” and Edited All Manuscripts Before Any of the John Heuser Junior Members of His Unit Submitted Their Work for Publication
R ETROSPECTIVE sonal influence. Katz personally assigned all projects, oversaw all progress through weekly meetings or “pass-throughs” of each individ- ual’s laboratory, and painstakingly reviewed “My Little Spontaneous Blips” and edited all manuscripts before any of the John Heuser junior members of his unit submitted their work for publication. Many remember this lat- o wrote Sir Bernard Katz (1), of the “visualization” of a single molecular event—in ter aspect of his influence as the most wonder- observations that eventually led to his this case, the conformational change that a ful of all. Some have even declared that Katz’s Sbeing awarded the Nobel Prize for dis- synaptic chemoreceptor undergoes when it in- command of the English language and of sci- covering the mechanism of neural secretion. teracts with its neurotransmitter (acetylcholine, entific expression was totally unsurpassed. This “father” of the fields of biophysics and in the case of the nerve-muscle synapse) re- This, despite the fact that Katz was German- neuroscience died of natural causes on 20 sulting in opening of a channel or “pore” in the born and did not emigrate to England until he April 2003, at the ripe old age of 92. He postsynaptic membrane. Individually, these graduated from medical school, forced into continued to live and work in London until molecular reactions create only minute depo- exile by the rise of Nazism. the end, although with diminishing enthusi- larizations of the muscle, the “noise” that Katz Katz followed in the footsteps of the asm after the death 4 years ago of his and Miledi saw when they applied acetyl- great muscle physiologist A. -
Does Science Advance One Funeral at a Time?" Azoulay, Pierre, Christian Fons-Rosen, and Joshua S
"Does Science Advance One Funeral at a Time?" Azoulay, Pierre, Christian Fons-Rosen, and Joshua S. Graff Zivin. American Economic Review, Vol. 109, No. 8 (2889-2920). DOI: 10.1257/aer.20161574 Does Science Advance One Funeral at a Time? By Pierre Azoulay, Christian Fons-Rosen, and Joshua S. Graff Zivin∗ We examine how the premature death of eminent life scientists alters the vitality of their fields. While the flow of articles by col- laborators into affected fields decreases after the death of a star sci- entist, the flow of articles by non-collaborators increases markedly. This surge in contributions from outsiders draws upon a different scientific corpus and is disproportionately likely to be highly cited. While outsiders appear reluctant to challenge leadership within a field when the star is alive, the loss of a luminary provides an op- portunity for fields to evolve in new directions that advance the frontier of knowledge. JEL: I23, J24, O31. Keywords: economics of science, scientific fields, superstars, in- visible college, cumulative knowledge production. \A new scientific truth does not triumph by convincing its opponents and making them see the light, but rather because its opponents eventually die, and a new generation grows up that is familiar with it." Max Planck Scientific Autobiography and Other Papers Whether manna from heaven or the result of the purposeful application of research and development, technological advances play a foundational role in all modern theories of economic growth (Solow 1957, Romer 1990, Aghion and Howitt 1992). Only in the latter part of the nineteenth century, however, did techno- logical progress start to systematically build upon scientific foundations (Mokyr ∗ Azoulay: MIT Sloan School of Management and NBER, 100 Main Steet|E62-487, Cambridge, MA 02142 (e-mail: [email protected]); Fons-Rosen: UC Merced and CEPR, Department of Economics, 5200 N. -
2018 Media Kit
your message meeting the right scientists the american society for cell biology 2018 MEDIA KIT TM Where the future of cell biology begins. 1 HIT YOUR TARGET Reach key decision makers ...in Labs ...in Biomedical research ...in Cell biology research INNOVATIVE ASCB publishes original research in the fields of: Biophysics • Cytoskeleton • Developmental Biology • Gene Regulation • Genetics • Genomics • Proteomics • Signal Transduction • Systems Biology • Trafficking • Theory GLOBAL Our members are everywhere, representing 65 countries including: Afghanistan • Argentina • Australia • Austria • Belgium • Brazil • Canada • Chile • China • Colombia • Czech Republic • Denmark • Finland • France • Germany • Hong Kong • Hungary • India • Ireland • Israel • Italy • Japan • Korea • Lebanon • Mexico • Netherlands • New Zealand • Nigeria • Norway • Portugal • Qatar • Russia • Singapore • Spain • Sweden • Switzerland • Taiwan • Turkey • UK • USA DIVERSE Our members have wide-ranging research interests including: Biophysics • Cancer Cell Biology • Cell-Cell Interaction • Cell-Matrix • Cilia & Flagella • Cytoskeleton • Development and Morphogenesis • Genetics • Imaging and New Technologies • Immunology • Lipid Biology • Mammalian Cells • Membrane Trafficking • Microbiology • Model Organisms • Neuroscience • Nuclear Structure and Function • Organelles • Proteostasis, Cell Stress, and Aging • RNABiology • Science Education • Signaling • Stem Cell Biology • Stem Cells/iPS Cells • Translational Research 2 Why advertise with ASCB? Undergraduates ASCB has been -
Abbreviated Solutions to Problems
Abbreviated Solutions to Problems Fuller solutions to all chapter problems are published in the Absolute molecules also differ in size and shape—either of these property Ultimate Study Guide to Accompany Principles of Biochemistry. differences could be the basis for separation. (b) Glucose is a For all numerical problems, answers are expressed with the correct smaller molecule than a nucleotide; separation could be based on number of signifi cant fi gures. size. The nitrogenous base and/or the phosphate group also endows nucleotides with characteristics (solubility, charge) that Chapter 1 could be used for separation from glucose. 1. (a) Diameter of magnified cell 5 500 mm (b) 2.7 3 1012 actin 10. It is improbable that silicon could serve as the central organizing 10 molecules (c) 36,000 mitochondria (d) 3.9 3 10 glucose element for life, especially in an O2-containing atmosphere such molecules (e) 50 glucose molecules per hexokinase molecule as that of Earth. Long chains of silicon atoms are not readily 2. (a) 1 3 10212 g 5 1 pg (b) 10% (c) 5% synthesized; the polymeric macromolecules necessary for more 3. (a) 1.6 mm; 800 times longer than the cell; DNA must be tightly complex functions would not readily form. Oxygen disrupts coiled. (b) 4,000 proteins bonds between silicon atoms, and silicon–oxygen bonds are extremely stable and difficult to break, preventing the breaking 4. (a) Metabolic rate is limited by diffusion, which is limited by and making of bonds that is essential to life processes. surface area. (b) 12 mϪ1 for the bacterium; 0.04 mϪ1 for the amoeba; surface-to-volume ratio 300 times higher in the 11. -
GEORGE 50 Years in Research
GEORGE 50 Years in Research GEORGE 50 Years in Research An autobiographical sketch George N. Chaldakov MS Publishing Ltd. Varna, 2012 This book is dedicated with respect and love to my parents, teachers and friends, including my family. George Piglet sidled up to Pooh from behind. - Pooh? - he whispered. - Yes, Piglet? - Nothing - said Piglet, taking Pooh’s hand. I just wanted to be sure of you. Alan Milne, Winnie-the-Pooh GEORGE 50 Years in Research An autobiographical sketch © George N. Chaldakov, author ISBN 978-954-8493-30-7 Front cover: Friendorama, a “periodic table” friends. In analogy with Dimitri Mendeleev's Periodic Table of molecules, empty boxes predict the appearance of new friends. The Friendorama is made by Vesselka Nikolova and Kiril Todorov. Contents Acknowledgments 7 / List of abbreviations 7 / PROLOGUE 8 / MONOLOGUE OF A SON 10 / THE CASINO: NUMEN INEST OF BURGAS 11 / 1960: “WHAT DID I ARRIVE HERE FOR?” 12 / 1962-1966: HOW I BEGAN OR, LLP PATTERN OF RESEARCH 13 / LYUBOZNANIE IS A WONDERFUL WORD 14 / 1967-1970: GP DOCTOR 15 / 1970: RETURN TO ALMA MATER 15 / 1972-1992: TEM STUDIES IN SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS 16 / 1971: LIQUID LUNCH WITH DR ERMINIO COSTA 17 / 1973: MY FIRST TRIP WESTWARD 18 / 1974, 1975: AUTHORITY’S NO IN BIG-SIZED LETTERS 19 / 1973-NOW: RESEARCH-AND-TEACHING COUPLING 21 / 1992-2012: BIRTH AND GROWTH OF BMR 23 / EFFECTS OF RESEARCH-AND-TEACHING COUPLING 24 / 1976: IN BUDAPEST, THE BEST IN EAST 29 / 1977-1979: A SEVERE DE- PRESSION I HAVE FALLEN 30 / 1983: ROCHESTER, MN AND CHICAGO, IL 31 / 1985: RE- SEARCH -
A Beacon for Science 8 the Visionaries: Pioneers in Inside the Whitman Center Super-Resolution for Research and Discovery Microscopy
Founded in 1888 as the Marine Biological Laboratory Catalyst FALL 2011 VOLUME 6, NUMBER 2 IN THIS ISSUE 4 To Regenerate or Not? A Beacon for Science 8 The Visionaries: Pioneers in Inside the Whitman Center Super-Resolution for Research and Discovery Microscopy 10 Page 2 The Geometry of Life F ROM THE D IRECTOR MBL Catalyst Dear Friends, FALL 2011 VOLUME 6, NUMBER 2 I first came to the MBL as a graduate student in 1965, officially to take a course but with the ulterior motive of gleaning information from certain visiting MBL Catalyst is published twice yearly by the Office of Communications at the Marine Biological Laboratory investigators. I knew the world’s leading biological scientists gather at the MBL (MBL) in Woods Hole, Massachusetts. The MBL is each summer, and I wanted someone to show me how to isolate a component of dedicated to scientific discovery and improving the cells, the mitotic spindle. Once here, I knocked on the doors of senior investigators human condition through research and education in biology, biomedicine, and environmental science. including Lenny Rebhun and Bob Kane. They were very generous with their time, Founded in 1888, the MBL is an independent, nonprofit and they taught me much more than what I had come to learn. corporation. Senior Advisors My first MBL experience was key, not least because it was pivotal to our discovery President and Director: Gary Borisy of an important cellular protein, tubulin, which my University of Chicago Chief Academic and Scientific Officer: Joshua Hamilton colleagues and I purified later that year. -
Does Science Advance One Funeral at a Time?
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES DOES SCIENCE ADVANCE ONE FUNERAL AT A TIME? Pierre Azoulay Christian Fons-Rosen Joshua S. Graff Zivin Working Paper 21788 http://www.nber.org/papers/w21788 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 December 2015 Address all correspondence to [email protected]. Azoulay and Graff Zivin acknowledge the financial support of the National Science Foundation through its SciSIP Program (Award SBE-1460344). Fons-Rosen acknowledges financial support by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (ECO2014-55555-P). Mikka Rokkanen provided additional research assistance. The project would not have been possible without Andrew Stellman's extraordinary programming skills (www.stellman-greene.com). We thank Heidi Williams, Xavier Jaravel, Sameer Srivastava, Scott Stern, Bruce Weinberg, and seminar audiences at the NBER, UC Berkeley, National University of Singapore, and Stanford University for useful discussions. The usual disclaimer applies. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer-reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications. © 2015 by Pierre Azoulay, Christian Fons-Rosen, and Joshua S. Graff Zivin. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. Does Science Advance One Funeral at a Time? Pierre Azoulay, Christian Fons-Rosen, and Joshua S. Graff Zivin NBER Working Paper No. -
CURRICULUM VITAE Thomas Dean Pollard
CURRICULUM VITAE Thomas Dean Pollard Personal Born July 7, 1942 in Pasadena, CA Married to Patricia Snowden February 7, 1964 Children: Katherine Snowden Pollard, born 1972, Daniel Avery Pollard, born 1975 Education 1964 B.A., cum laude. Pomona College 1968 M.D., cum laude. Harvard Medical School Academic Career 1968-69 Medical internship, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 1969-72 Staff Associate, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Section on Biochemistry and Ultrastructure, National Heart and Lung Institute, Bethesda, MD 1972-75 Assistant Professor of Anatomy, Harvard Medical School 1975-78 Associate Professor of Anatomy, Harvard Medical School 1977-96 Bayard Halsted Professor and Director, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine 1984 Visiting Scientist, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, U.K. 1996-00 President, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies 1996-01 Professor, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies 1997-01 Adjunct Professor of Biology, of Bioengineering and of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego 2001-05 Eugene Higgins Professor of Molecular Cellular & Developmental Biology and of Cell Biology, Yale University 2003-05 Professor of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University 2004-10 Chair, Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology 2006- Sterling Professor of Molecular Cellular & Developmental Biology and of Cell Biology and of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, Yale University 2010-14 Dean,