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Mineral Resources of the Nopah Range Wilderness Study Area, Inyo County, California

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Mineral Resources of the Nopah Range Wilderness Study Area, Inyo County, California Mineral Resources of the Nopah Range Wilderness Study Area, Inyo County, California U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1709-C Chapter C Mineral Resources of the Nopah Range Wilderness Study Area, Inyo County, California By AUGUSTUS K. ARMSTRONG, COLE L. SMITH, and GEORGE L. KENNEDY U.S. Geological Survey CHARLES SABINE and RONALD T. MAYERLE U.S. Bureau of Mines U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1709 MINERAL RESOURCES OF WILDERNESS STUDY AREAS: NORTHEASTERN CALIFORNIA DESERT CONSERVATION AREA, CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR DONALD PAUL MODEL, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1987 For sale by the Books and Open-File Reports Section U.S. Geological Survey Federal Center, Box 25425 Denver, CO 80225 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Mineral resources of the Nopah Range Wilderness Study Area, Inyo County, California. (U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1709-C) Bibliography Supt. of Docs. No.: I 19.3:1709-C 1. Mines and mineral resources California Nopah Range Wilderness. 2. Geology California Nopah Range Wilderness. 3. Nopah Range Wilderness (Calif.) I. Armstrong, Augustus K. II. Series. QE75.B9 No. 1709-C 557.3 s 86-600386 [TN24.C2] |553'.09794'87] STUDIES RELATED TO WILDERNESS Bureau of Land Management Wilderness Study Area The Federal Land Policy and Management Act (Public Law 94-579, October 21, 1976) requires the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines to conduct mineral surveys on certain areas to determine the mineral values, if any, that may be present. Results must be made available to the public and be submitted to the President and the Congress. This report presents the results of a mineral survey of the Nopah Range Wilderness Study Area (CDCA-150), California Desert Conservation Area, Inyo County, California. CONTENTS Summary Cl Abstract 1 Character and setting 1 Identified resources 3 Mineral resource potential 3 Introduction 3 Area description 3 Previous and present studies 3 Acknowledgments 5 Appraisal of identified resources 5 Mining and mineral exploration history 5 Mines and prospects 5 Nancy Ann mine 5 Barnett prospect 6 Black Raven prospect 6 Golden Eagle prospect 6 Zeolite minerals 6 Borate minerals 7 Assessment of mineral resource potential 7 Geology 7 Geochemistry 8 Analytical methods 8 Results of survey 8 Mineral and energy resource potential 8 Silver, lead, and zinc 9 Gold, molybdenum, and lead 9 Copper 9 Limestone, quartzite, and sand and gravel 9 Zeolites and borates 9 Oil and gas 10 Geothermal energy 10 Recommendations for further study 10 References cited 10 Appendixes Definition of levels of mineral resource potential and certainty of assessment 15 Resource/reserve classification 16 Geologic time chart 17 PLATE [ In pocket] 1. Mineral resource potential map of the Nopah Range Wilderness Study Area, Inyo County, California FIGURES 1. Index map showing location of the Nopah Range Wilderness Study Area, Inyo County, California C2 2. Map showing mineral resource potential of the Nopah Range Wilderness Study Area, Inyo County, California 4 TABLE 1. Mines, prospects, and mineral workings in and adjacent to the Nopah Range Wilderness Study Area CIS MINERAL RESOURCES OF WILDERNESS STUDY AREAS: NORTHEASTERN CALIFORNIA DESERT CONSERVATION AREA, CALIFORNIA Mineral Resources of the Nopah Range Wilderness Study Area, Inyo County, California #y Augustus K. Armstrong, Cole L. Smith and George L. Kennedy U.S. Geological Survey Charles Sabine and Ronald T. Mayerle U.S. Bureau of Mines SUMMARY area. However, the resource potential of these Abstract commodities is low. The mineral resource potential for oil and gas and geothermal energy is low in the At the request of the Bureau of Land study area. Management, 109,061 acres of the Nopah Range Wilderness Study Area (CDCA-150) were originally Character and Setting designated for study by the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines. Subsequently, in 1983, the The Nopah Range Wilderness Study Area is study area was decreased to the current 97,151 acres. located in southeastern Inyo County, California, This report presents the results of a mineral survey of approximately 15 mi east of the south end of Death part of the Nopah Wilderness Study Area. In this Valley National Monument and 2 mi southwest of the report, the area studied is referred to as "the California-Nevada border (fig. 1). The study area lies wilderness study area," or simply "the study area." within the Basin and Range geomorphic province and There has been little mining activity in the encompasses most of the Nopah Range, the region. Workings within and near the wilderness study southernmost part of the Resting Spring Range, and area consist of one mine, three prospects, and one the intervening part of Chicago Valley. The Nopah zeolite occurrence, none of which has identified Range, underlain predominantly by carbonate rocks of resources. Four localities within the revised study Cambrian through Pennsylvanian (see geologic time area have mineral resource potential: (1) a 3-mi-long chart in appendix) age, 570 to 290 million years before area on the northwest side of the Nopah Range with the present (Ma), is characterized by deep canyons, moderate resource potential for undiscovered silver, ridges, and rugged topography; precipices of 1,000 ft lead, and zinc resources; (2 and 3) two areas on the or more are common. By contrast, the southern part southeastern side of the study area have low resource of the Resting Spring Range, which is underlain potential for undiscovered silver and lead resources, predominantly by Late Proterozoic fine-grained and (4) an area on the east-central side of the range terrigenous sedimentary rocks, is more subdued has low resource potential for gold, molybdenum, and topographically. Minor amounts of volcanic rocks are lead resources. In the southern part of the Resting present in both ranges. The flanks of the ranges are Spring Range west of the study area, one area has low marked by coalescing alluvial fans that merge with potential for copper and 2 areas have low potential for lacustrine deposits in the surrounding valleys. zeolite (clinoptilolite). The resource potential for Elevations in the area range from 1,800 ft at the south copper is unknown within the study area. The resource end of Chicago Valley to 6,394 ft on Nopah Peak. potential for borates and (or) zeolites in the Chicago Mining activity in the study area has been very Valley is unknown. There are numerous limestone, limited, and only the Nancy Ann mine (fig. 2) has a quartzite, and sand and gravel deposits in the study history of production. C1 115M5' 36°30 DEATH VALLEY NATIONAL MONUMENT Death Valley Junction APPROXIMATE BOUNDARY OF NOPAH RANGE WILDERNESS STUDY AREA(CDCA-150) DEATH VALLEY NATIONAL MONUMENT 35°30' Figure 1. Index map showing location of the Nopah Range Wilderness Study Area, Inyo County, California. C2 Identified Resources INTRODUCTION None of the mines or prospects in the study area have identified mineral resources. At the Nancy Ann Area Description mine (fig. 2), approximately 490 tons of mineralized rock are left in the old workings and an additional 290 At the request of the Bureau of Land tons are still on the dump. This material contains an Management, 109,061 acres of the Nopah Range estimated 650 oz of silver, 20,000 Ib of lead, and Wilderness Study Area (CDCA-150) in the southeast 63,000 Ib of zinc; at current (1986) market values, this corner of Inyo County, California (fig. 1) were is insufficient to warrant mining and does not originally designated for study. Subsequently, in 1983, constitute an economic resource. the study area was decreased to the current 97,151 Miocene tuff in the Resting Spring Range acres. The areas excluded were the north tip of the contains less than 100,000 tons of zeolitized material Nopah Range, the southern part of the Resting Spring that averages 63 percent (±20 percent) zeolite Range, and the adjacent part of Chicago Valley. This clinoptilolite (fig. 2). The deposit is currently too report covers the original area established in 1980. small to be an economic resource. The Nopah Range is rugged and cut by deep Carbonate rocks underlie most of the Nopah canyons; sharp ridges and precipices of more than Range; a major deposit (greater than 20 million tons) 1,000 ft are common. The topography of the Resting of limestone on the northwest side of the Nopah Range Spring Range is more subdued. Elevations in the area was identified by Bowen (1973, pi. 1). This deposit is range from about 1,800 ft in Chicago Valley to 6,394 ft far from large markets and is not likely to be on Nopah Peak. The climate is arid and vegetation is developed in the foreseeable future. Existing quarries sparse. in the Spring Mountains, east of the study area, will Primary access to the study area is provided by most likely continue to meet limestone requirements California State Highway 178 to the north and west for local markets. and by a paved county road that leads eastward from Sand and gravel are plentiful in the study area, Tecopa along the south margin of the study area. Jeep but alternate sources are readily available closer to trails in Chicago Valley and along the east margin of local markets. the study area from California Valley northward along Pahrump Valley to Highway 178 provide secondary access. Mineral Resource Potential Mineral resource potential in the study area was evaluated on the basis of investigations conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey from 1981 to 1983 and by Previous and Present Studies the U.S. Bureau of Mines in 1983. Mineral resource potential was determined for lead, silver, copper, zinc, A detailed stratigraphy of the Nopah and Resting gold, molybdenum, and the zeolite clinoptilolite (fig.
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