Country Document on Disaster Risk Reduction for Grenada, 2014
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Country Document on Disaster Risk Reduction for Grenada, 2014 Country Document on 1 Disaster Risk Reduction for Grenada, 2014 Country Document on Disaster Risk Reduction for Grenada, 2014 Country Document on I Disaster Risk Reduction for Grenada, 2014 Country Document on Disaster Risk Reduction for Grenada, 2014 November 2014 National Disaster Management Agency (NaDMA) National coordination: National Disaster Management Agency (NaDMA) Terence Walters, Acting National Disaster Coordinator Regional coordination: United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR) Alexcia Cooke & Sandra Amlang Author: Leon Charles Design: Jeicos - Cover page designed based on design from Maria Camila Gracía Ruíz / Content pages designed based on the design from Orlando Isaac Dipp and Santiago Rivera (Country Document for Disaster Risk Reduction for Dominican Republic, 2012). This document covers humanitarian aid activities implemented with the financial assistance of the European Union. The views expressed herein should not be taken, in any way, to reflect the official opinion of the European Union, and the European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. ECHO UNISDR European Commission’s Humanitarian Aid and United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction Civil Protection department Regional office for the Americas Regional office for the Caribbean Ciudad del Saber (Clayton), Panamá Santo Domingo, República Dominicana Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] URL: http://www.eird.org/ URL: http://ec.europa.eu/echo/ http://www.unisdr.org/americas http://www.dipecholac.net/ II Country Document on Disaster Risk Reduction for Grenada, 2014 Acknowledgements The authors thank all the stakeholders and individuals who contributed to the successful development of this draft document. These included representatives from: . NaDMA committees - NaDMA Shelter Committee, Emergency Telecommunications Committee, Public Information and Education Committee, Damage and Needs Assessment Committee, Marine Pollution and Oil Spills Committee, Welfare and Voluntary Services Committee, Transport and Road Clearance Committee, Health Services Committee. Private sector organisations including LIME, Digicel, Sol EC Ltd., Grenada Chamber of Industry and Commerce, Rubis, Tropical Shipping, Trans Nemwil Insurance Company. Government ministries and agencies including the Customs and Excise Department, the Land use Division of the Ministry of Agriculture, the Physical Planning Unit, the Maurice Bishop International Airport, the Project Coordinating Unit. Representatives from the NGO community including the Grenada Red Cross, the Grenada Conference of the Seventh Day Adventist and the Grenada National Council for the Disabled The participation of the numerous stakeholders was critical to the success of the process. These stakeholders contributed documentation and data when requested and participated in the workshops and meetings that were an integral part of the process. Special mention must be made of the staff of the NaDMA Secretariat - Mr. Walters and Ms. Phillip - who provided excellent support throughout the implementation of the process. Notwithstanding the wide range of inputs into the process, the responsibility for this draft output rests with the authors and any errors and omissions thereof are not to be attributed to the other participants in the process. Leon D. Charles Mary O. Charles Amanda Byer MBA, B.Sc. MBA, MIB, B.Sc. LLM, M.Sc Country Document on III Disaster Risk Reduction for Grenada, 2014 Table of contents MESSAGE FROM GOVERNMENT AUTHORITIES . XI INTRODUCTION. 1 Background. 1 Limitations. 1 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY. 5 2 ACRONYMS. 9 3 INTERNATIONAL AND REGIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION CONTEXT. 13 3.1 International Context. 13 3.2 Regional Context. 14 4 NATIONAL CONTEXT. 17 4.1 Physical Environment. 17 4.1.1 Geographic Location. 17 4.1.2 Physiography. 17 4.1.3 Climate. 19 4.2 Socio Economic Context. 24 4.2.1 Population and Demographics. 24 4.2.2 The Economy. 26 4.2.3 Poverty and Unemployment. 27 4.2.4 Most Vulnerable Groups. 28 4.3 Governance Structure. 30 4.3.1 Political Structure and Organization. 30 4.3.2 Local Government and Levels of Decentralization. 31 4.3.3 Coordination Mechanism between State and Non-Governmental Actors. 31 4.4 Development Context . 31 4.4.1 Millennium Development Goals . 31 4.4.2 Growth and Poverty Reduction Strategy. 32 5 LEGAL, NORMATIVE AND INSTITUTIONAL PROFILE . 35 5.1 Legal Framework . 35 5.1.1 Constitution. 35 5.1.2 Law and Legally Binding Provisions. 35 5.1.3 Draft Model Comprehensive Disaster Management Bill. 38 5.2 Normative Framework. 41 5.2.1 Normative Instruments. 41 5.2.2 Public Policy. 43 5.3 Institutional Framework. 44 5.3.1 Organisation of the National System. 44 5.4 Summary. 48 Country Document on V Disaster Risk Reduction for Grenada, 2014 6 THE STATE OF DISASTER RISK IN THE COUNTRY. 51 6.1 Historical Data Analysis. 51 6.1.1 Floods. 51 6.1.2 Hurricanes and Tropical Storms. 52 6.1.3 Droughts. 54 6.1.4 Landslides. 54 6.1.5 Rock falls. 55 6.1.6 Earthquakes. 55 6.1.7 Road Traffic Accidents. 56 6.1.8 Fires . 56 6.1.9 Lessons Learnt and Good Practices. 57 6.2 Hazards/Threats. 58 6.2.1 Natural Hazards. 58 6.2.2 Anthropogenic/Man–made Hazards. 61 6.2.3 Emergencies Affecting Public Health and Safety. 62 6.3 Vulnerability. 63 6.3.1 Analytical Criteria and Methodology. 63 6.3.2 Components. 63 6.3.3 Vulnerability Analyses Based on Selected Criteria. 64 6.4 Capacities. 76 6.4.1 Analytical Criteria and methodology. 76 6.4.2 Institutional and Coordination Mapping . 77 6.4.3 Tool Inventory. 78 6.5 Reduction of Underlying Risk Factors. 78 6.5.1 Core indicator 1. 78 6.5.2 Core Indicator 2. 79 6.5.3 Core Indicator 3. 80 6.5.4 Core Indicator 4 . 80 6.5.5 Core Indicator 5. 81 6.5.6 Core Indicator 6 . 81 6.6 Climate Change and Disaster Risk. 82 6.6.1 Global Trends. 82 6.6.2 Climate Change and Grenada. 83 6.6.3 Climate Change and Disaster Risk in Grenada. 84 7 DISASTER RISK ANALYSIS OF THE COUNTRY. 87 7.1 Definition of Analytical Criteria and Methodology. 87 7.2 Definition of Risk Scenarios. 87 7.3 Prioritization of Risk Scenarios and Areas for Intervention. 88 8 STRATEGIC DIRECTIONS FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IN THE COUNTRY. 91 8.1 High Priority. 91 8.2 Medium Priority. 91 8.3 Priorities for Immediate Action. 92 VI Country Document on Disaster Risk Reduction for Grenada, 2014 9 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS. 95 9.1 Main Conclusions. 95 9.2 Recommendations. 95 9.2.1 Regulatory Framework for DRM and for Environmental Management.. 95 9.2.2 Budget for Preparedness and Emergency Response. ..