The Habitat Preferences of Web Building Spiders
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A Checklist of the Non -Acarine Arachnids
Original Research A CHECKLIST OF THE NON -A C A RINE A R A CHNIDS (CHELICER A T A : AR A CHNID A ) OF THE DE HOOP NA TURE RESERVE , WESTERN CA PE PROVINCE , SOUTH AFRIC A Authors: ABSTRACT Charles R. Haddad1 As part of the South African National Survey of Arachnida (SANSA) in conserved areas, arachnids Ansie S. Dippenaar- were collected in the De Hoop Nature Reserve in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. The Schoeman2 survey was carried out between 1999 and 2007, and consisted of five intensive surveys between Affiliations: two and 12 days in duration. Arachnids were sampled in five broad habitat types, namely fynbos, 1Department of Zoology & wetlands, i.e. De Hoop Vlei, Eucalyptus plantations at Potberg and Cupido’s Kraal, coastal dunes Entomology University of near Koppie Alleen and the intertidal zone at Koppie Alleen. A total of 274 species representing the Free State, five orders, 65 families and 191 determined genera were collected, of which spiders (Araneae) South Africa were the dominant taxon (252 spp., 174 genera, 53 families). The most species rich families collected were the Salticidae (32 spp.), Thomisidae (26 spp.), Gnaphosidae (21 spp.), Araneidae (18 2 Biosystematics: spp.), Theridiidae (16 spp.) and Corinnidae (15 spp.). Notes are provided on the most commonly Arachnology collected arachnids in each habitat. ARC - Plant Protection Research Institute Conservation implications: This study provides valuable baseline data on arachnids conserved South Africa in De Hoop Nature Reserve, which can be used for future assessments of habitat transformation, 2Department of Zoology & alien invasive species and climate change on arachnid biodiversity. -
Sexual Selection Research on Spiders: Progress and Biases
Biol. Rev. (2005), 80, pp. 363–385. f Cambridge Philosophical Society 363 doi:10.1017/S1464793104006700 Printed in the United Kingdom Sexual selection research on spiders: progress and biases Bernhard A. Huber* Zoological Research Institute and Museum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany (Received 7 June 2004; revised 25 November 2004; accepted 29 November 2004) ABSTRACT The renaissance of interest in sexual selection during the last decades has fuelled an extraordinary increase of scientific papers on the subject in spiders. Research has focused both on the process of sexual selection itself, for example on the signals and various modalities involved, and on the patterns, that is the outcome of mate choice and competition depending on certain parameters. Sexual selection has most clearly been demonstrated in cases involving visual and acoustical signals but most spiders are myopic and mute, relying rather on vibrations, chemical and tactile stimuli. This review argues that research has been biased towards modalities that are relatively easily accessible to the human observer. Circumstantial and comparative evidence indicates that sexual selection working via substrate-borne vibrations and tactile as well as chemical stimuli may be common and widespread in spiders. Pattern-oriented research has focused on several phenomena for which spiders offer excellent model objects, like sexual size dimorphism, nuptial feeding, sexual cannibalism, and sperm competition. The accumulating evidence argues for a highly complex set of explanations for seemingly uniform patterns like size dimorphism and sexual cannibalism. Sexual selection appears involved as well as natural selection and mechanisms that are adaptive in other contexts only. Sperm competition has resulted in a plethora of morpho- logical and behavioural adaptations, and simplistic models like those linking reproductive morphology with behaviour and sperm priority patterns in a straightforward way are being replaced by complex models involving an array of parameters. -
A Taxonomical Study of the Japanese Spider Hitherto Misidentified with Argiope Keyserlingi (KARSCH, 1878) Or A, Aetherea (WALCKE
Acta arachnol., 43 (1): 33-36, June 30, 1994 A Taxonomical Study of the Japanese Spider Hitherto Misidentified with Argiope keyserlingi (KARSCH,1878) or A, aetherea (WALCKENAER,1841) Akio TANIKAWAI~ 谷 川 明 男1):ム シバ ミ コガ ネ グ モ の 分 類 学 的 検 討 Abstract The orb-web spider, Argiope aetheroides YIN et al., 1989, is recorded from Japan. The spiders of the species have been wrongly identified with Argiope keyserlingi (KARSCH, 1878) or Argiope aetherea (WALCKENAER,1841) by the previous Japanese authors. When LEvI (1983) revised the spiders of the genera Argiope, Gea and Neogea from the Western Pacific region including Japan, he examined 6 Japanese species : Argiope aemula (WALCKENAER,1841), A. boesenbergi LEVI,1983, A. amoena L. KOCH, 1878, A. bruennichii (SCOPOLI,1772), A. minuta KARSCH,1879, and A. ocula Fox, 1938. Moreover, a doubtful species of the genus is occurring in Japan, which has been identified either with A. keyserlingi (KARSCH,1878) (KISHIDA,1936;YAGINUMA, 1968, 1970, 1977; YAGINUMA& SHINKAI,1971) or with A. aetherea (WALCKENAER, 1841) (SHINKAI& TAKANO,1984, 1987; YAGINUMA,1986; YAGINUMAet al., 1990). In 1990, I collected female and male specimens of the species from Yakushima Island, Kagoshima Pref., Japan, and could confirm the fact that the features of these specimens did not agree with LEVI's (1983) redescriptions and figures of A. keyserlingi and A. aetherea. Then, many specimens of the species were offered by colleagues and collected by myself. After a careful examination of these materials, I came to the conclusion that the species was neither A. keyserlingi nor A. -
Increased Abundance of Native and Non-Native Spiders with Habitat Fragmentation
Diversity and Distributions, (Diversity Distrib.) (2008) 14, 655–665 Blackwell Publishing Ltd BIODIVERSITY Increased abundance of native and non- RESEARCH native spiders with habitat fragmentation Douglas T. Bolger1*, Karen H. Beard2, Andrew V. Suarez3 and Ted J. Case4 1Environmental Studies Program, HB6182, ABSTRACT Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA, 2Department of Forest, Range, and Wildlife Sciences Habitat fragmentation and invasive species often contribute to the decline of native taxa. and Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, Since the penetration of non-native species into natural habitat may be facilitated by 3 Utah 84322, USA, Department of Entomology and habitat fragmentation, it is important to examine how these two factors interact. Department of Animal Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA, 4Department of Previous research documented that, in contrast to most other arthropod taxa, Biology, University of California, San Diego, La spiders increased in density and morphospecies richness with decreasing fragment Jolla, CA 92093, USA area and increasing fragment age (time since insularization) in urban habitat fragments in San Diego County, California, USA. We tested whether a specific mech- anism, an increase in non-native species with fragmentation, is responsible for this pattern. We found that both native and non-native taxa contributed to the pattern. Abundance of native spiders per pitfall trap sample increased significantly with decreasing fragment size (i.e. a negative density–area relationship) and abundance of non-natives increased significantly with increasing fragment age. The proportion of non-native individuals also increased significantly with age. One non-native species, Oecobius navus, comprised the majority of non-native individuals (82.2%) and a significant proportion of total individuals (25.1%). -
Tarantulas and Social Spiders
Tarantulas and Social Spiders: A Tale of Sex and Silk by Jonathan Bull BSc (Hons) MSc ICL Thesis Presented to the Institute of Biology of The University of Nottingham in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Nottingham May 2012 DEDICATION To my parents… …because they both said to dedicate it to the other… I dedicate it to both ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost I would like to thank my supervisor Dr Sara Goodacre for her guidance and support. I am also hugely endebted to Dr Keith Spriggs who became my mentor in the field of RNA and without whom my understanding of the field would have been but a fraction of what it is now. Particular thanks go to Professor John Brookfield, an expert in the field of biological statistics and data retrieval. Likewise with Dr Susan Liddell for her proteomics assistance, a truly remarkable individual on par with Professor Brookfield in being able to simplify even the most complex techniques and analyses. Finally, I would really like to thank Janet Beccaloni for her time and resources at the Natural History Museum, London, permitting me access to the collections therein; ten years on and still a delight. Finally, amongst the greats, Alexander ‘Sasha’ Kondrashov… a true inspiration. I would also like to express my gratitude to those who, although may not have directly contributed, should not be forgotten due to their continued assistance and considerate nature: Dr Chris Wade (five straight hours of help was not uncommon!), Sue Buxton (direct to my bench creepy crawlies), Sheila Keeble (ventures and cleans where others dare not), Alice Young (read/checked my thesis and overcame her arachnophobia!) and all those in the Centre for Biomolecular Sciences. -
ASH Newsletter 45.Pub
THE AUSTRALIAN SOCIETY OF HERPETOLOGISTS INCORPORATED NEWSLETTER 45 2 3 History of Office Bearers Formation Committee (April 1964):- MJ Littlejohn (Convenor); State Reps IR Straughan (Qld), FJ Mitchell (SA), HG Cogger (NSW), G Storr (WA), RE Barwick (ACT), JW Warren (Vic), AK Lee (Editor). First AGM (23 August 1965):- President MJ Littlejohn, Vice-President NG Stephenson, Secretary-Treasurer AA Martin, Asst Secretary-Treasurer KJ Wilson, Ordinary Members FJ Mitchell and IR Straughan, Editor AK Lee. PRESIDENT:- MJ Littlejohn (1965-69); AK Lee (1969-70); HG Cogger (1971-73); J de Bavay (1974); H Heat- wole (1975-76); GC Grigg (1976-77); MJ Tyler (1978-79); GF Watson (1979-81); AA Martin (1981-82); RS Seymour (1982-83); R Shine (1983-84); GC Grigg (1984-86); J Coventry (1986-87); RE Barwick (1987-88); J Covacevich (1988-91); M Davies (1991-92); R Shine (1992-94); A Georges (1994-6); D Roberts (1996-98); M Bull (1998-9); R Swain (1999-2001); S Downes (2001-03); J Melville (2004-2005); J-M Hero (2005-2007); P Doherty (2007-2008); M Thompson (2008-2009); M Hutchinson (2009-) VICE-PRESIDENT:- NG Stephenson (1965-67); RE Barwick (1967-69); HG Cogger (1969-70); MJ Littlejohn (1971-72); MJ Tyler (1973); HG Cogger (1974); J de Bavay (1975-76); H Heatwole (1976-77); GC Grigg (1977 -79); MJ Tyler (1979-80); GF Watson (1981-82); AA Martin (1982-83); RS Seymour (1983-84); R Shine (1984- 86); GC Grigg (1986-87); J Coventry (1987-88); RE Barwick (1988-91); J Covacevich (1991-92); M Davies (1992-94); R Shine (1994-6); A Georges (1996-98); D Roberts (1998-99); M Bull(1999-2001); R Swain (2001- 2003); S Downes (2004-5); J Melville (2005-2007); J-M Hero (2007-2008); P Doherty (2008-2009); M Thomp- son (2009-) SECRETARY/TREASURER:- AA Martin (1965-67); GF Watson (1967-72); LA Moffatt (1973-75); J Caughley (1975-76); RWG Jenkins (1976-77); M Davies (1978-83); G Courtice (1983-87); J Wombey (1987-99); S Ke- ogh (1999-2003); N Mitchell (2004-5). -
Supporting Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019 Supporting information DNP NMR Spectroscopy Reveals New Structures, Residues and Interactions in Wild Spider Silks Hamish C. Craiga, Sean J. Blamires*a, Marc-Antoine Sani,b Michael Kasumovic,aAditya Rawal,c and James M. Hook*c,d a School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Science, University of New South Wales, NSW, Australia 2052 b School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010 c Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, and d School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia, 2052 Figure S1: Schematic molecular model of spider MaSp2 silk showing the major structural regions: amorphous (blue) and crystalline (red), incorporating the proposed new structural findings. a R145 conformation of Arginine seen within L. hasseltii in proposed conformation assisting stabilisation of the amorphous region as a part of the b-spiral. b Difference in the length of hydrogen bonding seen between the interior (A)n region and surface (AG)n of crystallites within silk of N. plumipes. c Hydroxyproline and its added hydrogen bonding site taking the place of proline in the type II b turn responsible for the formation the b-spiral within the amorphous region of A. keyserlingi and L. hasseltii silk. Table S1. High Sensitivity Advanced Amino Acid Mass Spectrometry (AAA-MS) results showing the average relative mole percentage of the major amino acids within each species silk. (NB: different silk samples collected at tandem were used for this purpose to preserve the original samples used for DNP NMR analysis and to prevent any influence of the added AMUPol) * Hydroxyproline and Cysteic Acid co-elute in the High Sensitivity AAA-MS, approximately 60% of presented values are attributed to Hydroxyproline Figure S2. -
Surveying for Terrestrial Arthropods (Insects and Relatives) Occurring Within the Kahului Airport Environs, Maui, Hawai‘I: Synthesis Report
Surveying for Terrestrial Arthropods (Insects and Relatives) Occurring within the Kahului Airport Environs, Maui, Hawai‘i: Synthesis Report Prepared by Francis G. Howarth, David J. Preston, and Richard Pyle Honolulu, Hawaii January 2012 Surveying for Terrestrial Arthropods (Insects and Relatives) Occurring within the Kahului Airport Environs, Maui, Hawai‘i: Synthesis Report Francis G. Howarth, David J. Preston, and Richard Pyle Hawaii Biological Survey Bishop Museum Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96817 USA Prepared for EKNA Services Inc. 615 Pi‘ikoi Street, Suite 300 Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96814 and State of Hawaii, Department of Transportation, Airports Division Bishop Museum Technical Report 58 Honolulu, Hawaii January 2012 Bishop Museum Press 1525 Bernice Street Honolulu, Hawai‘i Copyright 2012 Bishop Museum All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America ISSN 1085-455X Contribution No. 2012 001 to the Hawaii Biological Survey COVER Adult male Hawaiian long-horned wood-borer, Plagithmysus kahului, on its host plant Chenopodium oahuense. This species is endemic to lowland Maui and was discovered during the arthropod surveys. Photograph by Forest and Kim Starr, Makawao, Maui. Used with permission. Hawaii Biological Report on Monitoring Arthropods within Kahului Airport Environs, Synthesis TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents …………….......................................................……………...........……………..…..….i. Executive Summary …….....................................................…………………...........……………..…..….1 Introduction ..................................................................………………………...........……………..…..….4 -
From Woodfordia 3-5 May 2019
SPIDERS FROM WOODFORDIA 3-5 MAY 2019 ROBERT WHYTE SPIDERS OF WOODFORDIA WOODFORDIA PLANTING FESTIVAL 3-5 MAY 2019 Planting Festival Introduction, materials, methods and results The Woodfordia Planting Festival in Spiders (order Araneae) have proven to be have evolved to utilise the terrestrial habitat Autumn every year is held on a property in highly rewarding in biodiversity studies1, niches where their food is found, some in the Sunshine Coast Hinterland. being an important component in terres- quite specialist ways, becoming species, Woodfordia purchased the property in trial food webs, an indicator of insect meaning a population able and willing to 1994, to stage the annual Christmas, New diversity and abundance (their prey). reproduce viably in the wild. Year Woodford Folk Festival and to help In Australia spiders represent an Collecting methods were used in the regenerate the natural environment. understudied taxon, with many new species following sequence: During the 2018 Planting a new species waiting to be discovered and described. • careful visual study of bush, leaves, bark of crab spide nicknamed ‘Woodfordia’ was Science has so far described about 4,000 and ground, to see movement, spiders discovered (see cover photo). In 2019 species, only an quarter to one third of the suspended on silk, or spiders on any the BioDiscovery Project continued the actual species diversity. surface stocktake. Spiders thrive in good-quality habitat, • shaking foliage, causing spiders to fall On Saturday 4 May Robert Whyte’s where structural heterogeneity combines onto a white tray or cloth introductory talk was followed by a spider- with high diversity of animal, plant and • turning logs and rocks (returning them to quest and then an ID session in the Discovery fungi species. -
Functional Traits of Indigenous and Exotic Ground-Dwelling Arthropods Show Contrasting Responses to Land-Use Change in an Oceani
Functional traits of indigenous and exotic ground-dwelling arthropods show contrasting responses to land-use change in an oceanic island, Terceira, Azores François Rigal, Pedro Cardoso, Jorge Lobo, Kostas Triantis, Robert Whittaker, Isabel Amorim, Paulo Borges To cite this version: François Rigal, Pedro Cardoso, Jorge Lobo, Kostas Triantis, Robert Whittaker, et al.. Functional traits of indigenous and exotic ground-dwelling arthropods show contrasting responses to land-use change in an oceanic island, Terceira, Azores. Diversity and Distributions, Wiley, 2018, 24, pp.36-47. 10.1111/ddi.12655. hal-01596143 HAL Id: hal-01596143 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01596143 Submitted on 27 Sep 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. 1 Functional traits of indigenous and exotic ground-dwelling arthropods show 2 contrasting responses to land-use change in an oceanic island, Terceira, Azores 3 François Rigal1,2*, Pedro Cardoso1,3, Jorge M. Lobo4, Kostas A. Triantis1,5, Robert J. 4 Whittaker6,7, Isabel R. Amorim1 and Paulo A.V. Borges1 5 1cE3c – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean 6 Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores - Departamento de Ciências e 7 Engenharia do Ambiente, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Açores, Portugal 8 2CNRS-Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et 9 de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Materiaux, MIRA, Environment and 10 Microbiology Team, UMR 5254, BP 1155, 64013 Pau Cedex, France 11 3Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. -
The Adaptive Value of Web Decorations for Argiope Spiders (Araneae, Araneidae)
The adaptive value of web decorations for Argiope spiders (Araneae, Araneidae) Dissertation (kumulativ) zur Erlangung der naturwissenschaftlichen Doktorwürde (Dr. rer. nat.) vorgelegt der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlich-Technischen Fakultät der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg von Diplom-Biologe André Walter geb. am 09.02.1977 in Lutherstadt Wittenberg Halle (Saale), 20.03.2008 Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Robin F.A. Moritz Prof. Dr. Jutta M. Schneider Dr. habil. Josef Settele Datum der Verteidigung: 27.10.2008 Contents Chapter 1 General introduction 3 Chapter 2 Web decorating behaviour in Argiope bruennichi (Araneae, 11 Araneidae): Is short-term variation an indication of a conditional strategy? Chapter 3 The wasp spider Argiope bruennichi (Arachnida, Araneidae): 22 Ballooning is not an obligate life history phase. Chapter 4 ‘Wrap attack’ activates web decorating behavior in Argiope 32 spiders. Chapter 5 Moulting interferes with web decorating behaviour in 47 Argiope keyserlingi. Chapter 6 Are web stabilimenta attractive to praying mantids? 62 Chapter 7 Argiope bruennichi shows a drinking like behaviour in web 74 hub decorations. Chapter 8 Synthesis 85 Chapter 9 Zusammenfassung 90 Literature cited 96 Appendix 106 - Danksagung - Curriculum vitae - Erklärung 2 Chapter 1 General introduction 3 Chapter 1: General introduction Spiders are a large invertebrate predator-guild (approx. 40.000 species) that has not substantially changed its fundamental lifestyle over millions of years. Unlike insects spiders show much fewer diversifications in terms of morphology and foraging strategies. Species of different families possess a very similar body plan and all feed almost exclusively on insects (Foelix 1996). Nevertheless, spiders conquered a broad spectrum of habitats. From the evolutionary point of view these order- specific features demonstrate that “They are obviously doing something right” (Craig 2003). -
Publications for Michael Thompson 2021 2020 2019
Publications for Michael Thompson 2021 overview of matrotrophy and offspring size variation in Santori, C., Keith, R., Whittington, C., Thompson, M., Van echinoderms that care for their offspring. Invertebrate Dyke, J., Spencer, R. (2021). Changes in participant behaviour Reproduction and Development, 64(4), 249-261. <a and attitudes are associated with knowledge and skills gained href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07924259.2020.1764117">[Mor by using a turtle conservation citizen science app. People and e Information]</a> Nature, 3(1), 66-76. <a Laird, M., Hansen, V., McAllan, B., Murphy, C., Thompson, href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pan3.10184">[More M. (2020). Uterine epithelial remodelling during pregnancy in Information]</a> the marsupial Monodelphis domestica (Didelphidae): Santori, C., Spencer, R., Thompson, M., Whittington, C., Van Implications for mammalian placental evolution. Journal of Dyke, J. (2021). Hatchling short-necked turtles (Emydura Anatomy, 236(6), 1126-1136. <a macquarii) select aquatic vegetation habitats, but not after one href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/joa.13162">[More month in captivity. Aquatic Ecology, 55(1), 85-96. <a Information]</a> href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10452-020-09813-6">[More Information]</a> 2019 Buddle, A., Van Dyke, J., Thompson, M., Simpfendorfer, C., Khan, M., Whittington, C., Thompson, M., Byrne, M. (2019). Murphy, C., Dowland, S., Whittington, C. (2021). Structure of Arrangement and size variation of intra-gonadal offspring in a the paraplacenta and the yolk sac placenta of the viviparous viviparous asterinid sea star. Zoosymposia, 15, 71-82. <a Australian sharpnose shark, Rhizoprionodon taylori. Placenta, href="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.15.1.8">[More 108, 11-22.