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Physical Culture in the Evolution of the British Army, 1860-1920 James Dunbar Campbell
The University of Maine DigitalCommons@UMaine Electronic Theses and Dissertations Fogler Library 2003 "The ra my isn't all work": Physical culture in the evolution of the British army, 1860-1920 James Dunbar Campbell Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd Part of the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Campbell, James Dunbar, ""The ra my isn't all work": Physical culture in the evolution of the British army, 1860-1920" (2003). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 185. http://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd/185 This Open-Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. "THE ARMY lSh1'1'ALL \VOKK": PHYSICAL CULTURE IN THE EVOLUTION OF THE BRITlSH ARMY, 1860-1920 BY James Dunbar Campbell B.A. Colby College, 1986 M.A. Un~versityof Malne, 1997 A THESIS Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Individualized in British History) The Graduate School The University of Maine December, 2003 Advisory Committee: William J. Baker, Professor of History, Advisor Richard Blanke. Professor of History Janet TeBl-ake, Assistant Professor of Ili,s!ory Robert LVhulen. Lecturer in Enylish Da\,id klclxan. t'rol'csso~. ot f listorq. Ki17z.i C'c*llczc 1.o1icl01~ "THE ARMY ISN'T ALL WORK": PHYSICAL CULTURE IN THE EVOLUTION OF THE BRITISH ARMY, 1860-1920 By James D. Campbell Thesis Advisor: Dr. William J. Baker An Abstract of the Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Individualized in British History) December, 2003 Between the Crimean War and the end of WWI the British Army underwent a dramatic change from being an anachronistic and frequently ineffective organization to being perhaps the most professional and highly trained army in the world. -
A Presidential Trip to Gettysburg
A Presidential Trip to Gettysburg Karlton Smith, Gettysburg National Military Park Dedication of the Soldiers’ National Cemetery at Gettysburg, November 19, 1863. (Library of Congress) On or before November 7, 1863, President Abraham Lincoln had determined to attend the dedication of the new Soldiers’ National Cemetery in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. It was reported that he did so at “considerable personal inconvenience.” It was felt, however, that Lincoln’s presence would “help to deepen the impressiveness of the scene…” This trip should also be placed in the context of the events surrounding the establishment of the cemetery and the national and international events that preoccupied the President’s time and attention.1 After three days of fighting at Gettysburg, July 1 – 3, 1863, the Army of the Potomac suffered approximately 3,149 killed and 14,501 wounded. Pennsylvania troops engaged in the battle lost 740 killed and 3,762 wounded. Governor Andrew G. Curtin of Pennsylvania visited the battlefield on July 10. Shocked at the sight of the battlefield dotted with so many makeshift graves, Curtin made arrangements with David Wills, a local attorney, “…for the removal of all Pennsylvanians killed in the late battles, furnishing transportation for the body and one attendant at the expense of the State.”2 On July 24, 1863, Wills wrote to Curtin that “Mr. [John F.]Seymour is here on behalf of his Brother the Governor of New York to look after the wounded &. on the battlefield and I have suggested to him and also the Rev. Cross of Baltimore and others the propriety and actual necessity of the purchase of a common burial ground for the dead, now only partially buried over miles of country around Gettysburg.” Other northern states Page | 34 eventually joined with Pennsylvania in this project to establish the Soldiers’ National Cemetery in Gettysburg.3 Wills’ idea of purchasing a plot of ground for the burial of the Federal dead was inadvertently helped by Col. -
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Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-19480-8 - Armies of Empire: The 9th Australian and 50th British Divisions in Battle 1939-1945 Allan Converse Excerpt More information CHAPTER 1 Two roads to Alamein On the night of 23 October 1942 thousands of troops of the British Eighth Army stood ready to advance across a bleak stretch of the Egyptian desert near the railway station of El Alamein. To the west, the infantry of the German–Italian Panzer Army awaited them. The infantrymen, sappers and machine-gunners of the Eighth Army assault waves were not alone: next to them and close behind them stood hundreds of tanks, and further to the rear were numerous guns, all loaded and ready. The battle to come – Operation LIGHTFOOT – would be a new kind of battle in this war: a set-piece battle of attrition and step- by-step advances, the kind of battle the British Army had learned to win in the First World War. For the first time since 1918 the ‘Poor Bloody Infantry’ would be going forward with adequate support from tanks, guns and aircraft. Eighth Army’s tactics were not strictly new, but they would be imple- mented by a new commander: Bernard L. Montgomery. Montgomery believed in the use of all arms as a combined team, in thorough plan- ning and preparation, and in training for specific tasks. Such methods had proved their value in the Great War, but they had been forgotten or neglected between the wars and in the earlier desert battles. Montgomery also knew the importance of yet another battlefield fac- tor: morale. -
The Social Composition of the Territorial Air Force 1930
The Territorial Air Force 1925-1957 – Officer Recruitment and Class Appendix 2 FRANCES LOUISE WILKINSON A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of Wolverhampton for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy January 2017 This work or any part thereof has not previously been presented in any form to the University or to any other body whether for the purposes of assessment, publication or for any other purpose (unless otherwise indicated). Save for any express acknowledgments, references and/or bibliographies cited in the work, I confirm that the intellectual content of the work is the result of my own efforts and of no other person. The right of Frances Louise Wilkinson to be identified as author of this work is asserted in accordance with ss.77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. At this date copyright is owned by the author. Signature……………………………………….. Date…………………………………………….. Appendix Contents Pages Appendix 1 Officers of the reformed RAuxAF 4-54 Appendix 2 Officers commissioned into the RAuxAF With no squadron number given 55-61 Appendix 3 United Kingdom Officers of the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve 62-179 3 Officers of the Re-formed Royal Auxiliary Air Force 1946-1957 The following appendix lists the officers of the Royal Auxiliary Air Force by squadron. The date of commission has been obtained by using www.gazette-online.co.uk and searching the archive for each squadron. Date of commission data is found in the Supplements to the London Gazette for the date given. Where material has been found from other press records, interviews, books or the internet, this has been indicated in entries with a larger typeface. -
To View a Century Downtown: Sydney University Law School's First
CENTURY DOWN TOWN Sydney University Law School’s First Hundred Years Edited by John and Judy Mackinolty Sydney University Law School ® 1991 by the Sydney University Law School This book is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of study, research, criticism, review, or as otherwise permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission. Inquiries should be made to the publisher. Typeset, printed & bound by Southwood Press Pty Limited 80-92 Chapel Street, Marrickville, NSW For the publisher Sydney University Law School Phillip Street, Sydney ISBN 0 909777 22 5 Preface 1990 marks the Centenary of the Law School. Technically the Centenary of the Faculty of Law occurred in 1957, 100 years after the Faculty was formally established by the new University. In that sense, Sydney joins Melbourne as the two oldest law faculties in Australia. But, even less than the law itself, a law school is not just words on paper; it is people relating to each other, students and their teachers. Effectively the Faculty began its teaching existence in 1890. In that year the first full time Professor, Pitt Cobbett was appointed. Thus, and appropriately, the Law School celebrated its centenary in 1990, 33 years after the Faculty might have done. In addition to a formal structure, a law school needs a substantial one, stone, bricks and mortar in better architectural days, but if pressed to it, pre-stressed concrete. In its first century, as these chapters recount, the School was rather peripatetic — as if on circuit around Phillip Street. -
The British Army in Home Defense, 1844-1871: Militia and Volunteers in a Liberal Era
The British Army in Home Defense, 1844-1871: Militia and Volunteers in a Liberal Era DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Stephen Judah Shapiro, Hons. B.A., M.A. Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2011 Dissertation Committee: Professor Jennifer Siegel, Advisor Professor Geoffrey Parker Professor Christopher Otter Copyright by Stephen Judah Shapiro 2011 Abstract For almost three decades, politics in mid-Victorian Britain were dominated by a loose but influential cross-class liberal political consensus. Extending beyond the parliamentary Liberal party, liberalism‘s influence spread into almost every aspect of public policy. This dissertation examines the impact of liberal politics and thought on the development of British military policy in the 1840s, 50s, and 60s through the lens of home defense. Britain was gripped by major invasion panics in 1848, 1852, and 1859, each of which led to serious reconsiderations of home defense. Among the subsequent reforms and innovations were the fortification of England‘s southern coast, the revival of the militia, and the creation of the amateur Volunteer Force. The debate surrounding home defense offers the best path to examining the impact of a vibrant but conflicted political philosophy on military policy. It demonstrates the depth of liberalism‘s impact not just on British military policy but also on the assumptions on which that policy was based, as well as highlighting the importance of the relationship between political thought and the development of Britain‘s armed forces. ii Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to my family. -
Select Bibliography
SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY PRIMARY SOURCES: Oriental and India Offi ce Collections of the British Library: In the interests of brevity, the lists below give full citations for all sources quoted in the text and footnotes, but do not include all sources that were consulted for the purposes of this study. L/Mil/3/1162, Military Letter from Madras [Board’s copy], 5 August 1834. L/Mil/3/1331, No. 262, Copy of a Letter from the Adjutant-General of the Army, 17 March 1840, [containing] Extracts from the Annual Reports for 1839. L/Mil/3/1457, No. 480, Adjutant-General’s Letter of 4th June, 1847, forward- ing Extracts from the Annual Reports for 1845. L/Mil/3/1506 [1850], No. 98, From Lieutenant-Colonel R.I.H. Vivian, Adjutant-General of the Army, to Col. C.A. Browne, Secretary to Government, Military Department: “Return of Books in the Lending Library at Fort St George for 1849.” L/Mil/3/1555, Fort Saint George, Military Cons. of August 1856, Nos. 131 & 132 [comprised of] “Extracts from the Annual Reports of 1855 upon the Soldiers’ Lending Libraries of this Army.” L/Mil/5/384, Collection 85A, Reply to the communication from the Court on the subject of a supply of Books for the use of the European Soldiers. “Larger List of Books for the four principal stations viz, Bombay, Poonab, Kauria, and Maloonga to be applied for the Court of Directors.” “List A, Books which may be obtained from the Bombay District Committee of the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge.” © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2016 171 S. -
Offical History, Soldier's Memories and the Participant Interviewer Ernest Benjamin Morris University of Wollongong
University of Wollongong Research Online University of Wollongong Thesis Collection University of Wollongong Thesis Collections 2014 Remembering Vietnam: Offical History, Soldier's Memories and the Participant Interviewer Ernest Benjamin Morris University of Wollongong Recommended Citation Morris, Ernest Benjamin, Remembering Vietnam: Officali H story, Soldier's Memories and the Participant Interviewer, Master of Arts thesis, School of Humanities and Social Inquiry - Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts, University of Wollongong, 2014. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/4348 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] REMEMBERING VIETNAM: OFFICIAL HISTORY, SOLDIERS’ MEMORIES AND THE PARTICIPANT INTERVIEWER A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of MASTER OF ARTS 3527219 Ernest Benjamin Morris, B Ec (ANU), M Tax (UNSW) SCHOOL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL INQUIRY FACULTY OF LAW, HUMANITIES AND THE ARTS UNIVERSITY OF WOLLONGONG 2014 CERTIFCATION I, Ernest Benjamin Morris, declare that this thesis, submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts at the University of Wollongong, is wholly my own work unless otherwise referenced or acknowledged. The document has not been submitted for qualifications at any other academic institution. Ernest Benjamin Morris Student Number 3527219 22nd August 2014 i ABSTRACT This is a thesis that relies upon oral history to investigate the experiences of Australian soldiers serving in Vietnam in 1967. The thesis is unusual because the historian is the former platoon commander of these soldiers who recorded the narrations of former platoon members. -
An Event Lived Is Finished, Bound Within Experience
An Uneasy Legacy Vietnam Veterans and Australian Society Thesis submitted by Janine Frances Hiddlestone BA(Hons) James Cook in October 2004 for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the School of Humanities James Cook University STATEMENT OF ACCESS I, the undersigned, author of this work, understand that James Cook University will make this thesis available for use within the University Library and, via the Australian Digital Theses network, for use elsewhere. I understand that, as an unpublished work, a thesis has significant protection under the Copyright Act and; I do not wish to place any further restriction on access to this work. ___________________ _______________ Signature Date STATEMENT OF SOURCES DECLARATION I declare that this thesis is my own work and has not been submitted in any form for another degree or diploma at any university or other institution of tertiary education. Information derived from the published or unpublished work of others has been acknowledged in the text and a list of references is given. ________________ ____________ Signature Date Acknowledgments This thesis would have remained no more than a private obsession had it not been for the support of the School of Humanities at James Cook University. I would like to thank the school and the Faculty of Arts, Education and Social Sciences for providing financial support through an APA Scholarship and research and conference trips. The assistance of the staff and other postgraduates was invaluable and constant, and special mentions would involve including you all. I would like to acknowledge the assistance provided by the Australian War Memorial Research Centre (particularly Elizabeth Stewart), James Cook University Library, the National Library of Australia and the Australian Defence Force Academy. -
SVSS 2010 Markovich Paper
1 AWM SVSS paper, 2010 Sustaining to the end, Liana Markovich Sustaining to the end: the impact of morale on Australian troops in New Guinea, Bougainville, and New Britain, 1944–45 2010 summer scholar report prepared for the Australian War Memorial, Military History Section 2 AWM SVSS paper, 2010 Sustaining to the end, Liana Markovich Acknowledgements I would like to thank Dr Peter Pedersen and Dr Karl James for their guidance and support in the preparation of this report, and also the staff of the Australian War Memorial‟s Military History Section and the Research Centre. I would particularly like to thank Chris Roberts for his encouragement and time. Liana Markovich PhD candidate, Faculty of Arts University of Wollongong Australian War Memorial summer scholar, 2010 3 AWM SVSS paper, 2010 Sustaining to the end, Liana Markovich Abstract Currently on display at the Australian War Memorial‟s Second World War gallery, the theme panel for the Aitape–Wewak Campaign reads, “the campaign sapped the troop‟s morale.” From this and other references made in the exhibit, visitors to the War Memorial are likely to conclude Australian troops fighting in the South-West Pacific Area (SWPA) campaigns towards the end of the war were demoralised. Is it possible to state that low levels of morale existed to a degree which impacted upon the operational outcomes of these campaigns? Were Australian troops involved in the campaign demoralised? Examination of private correspondence, diaries, and official documents from personnel involved in these campaigns, demonstrates that pockets of low morale within the Australian Divisions did not seriously affect the operational effectiveness of the campaign.