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THE ADOPTION of BIBLICAL ARCHAISMS in the BOOK of MORMON and OTHER 19TH CENTURY TEXTS by Gregory A

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THE ADOPTION of BIBLICAL ARCHAISMS in the BOOK of MORMON and OTHER 19TH CENTURY TEXTS by Gregory A Purdue University Purdue e-Pubs Open Access Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 12-2016 Sounding sacred: The dopta ion of biblical archaisms in the Book of Mormon and other 19th century texts Gregory A. Bowen Purdue University Follow this and additional works at: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_dissertations Part of the English Language and Literature Commons, History of Religions of Western Origin Commons, and the Linguistics Commons Recommended Citation Bowen, Gregory A., "Sounding sacred: The dopta ion of biblical archaisms in the Book of Mormon and other 19th century texts" (2016). Open Access Dissertations. 945. https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_dissertations/945 This document has been made available through Purdue e-Pubs, a service of the Purdue University Libraries. Please contact [email protected] for additional information. SOUNDING SACRED: THE ADOPTION OF BIBLICAL ARCHAISMS IN THE BOOK OF MORMON AND OTHER 19TH CENTURY TEXTS by Gregory A. Bowen A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of Purdue University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Linguistics West Lafayette, Indiana December 2016 ii THE PURDUE UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL STATEMENT OF DISSERTATION APPROVAL Dr. Mary Niepokuj, Chair Department of English Dr. Shaun Hughes Department of English Dr. John Sundquist Department of Linguistics Dr. Atsushi Fukada Department of Linguistics Approved by: Dr. Alejandro Cuza-Blanco Head of the Departmental Graduate Program iii For my father iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank my committee for all they have done to make this project possible, especially my advisor, Dr. Mary Niepokuj, who tirelessly provided guidance and encouragement, and has been a fantastic example of what a teacher should be. I have also received important help from many others, who have my thanks, including Hales Swift, for his insights and counsel on Mormon apologetics, and Dr. Stuart Robertson, for his assistance with biblical Hebrew. I am especially indebted to my wife, Anna, for her proofreading, commentary, and patience. And to my father, Doug, for his feedback and advice, along with a lifetime of encouragement and confidence in me. v TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................. vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................ ix ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................... xi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 2: THE SECOND GREAT AWAKENING .................................................. 13 CHAPTER 3: JOSEPH SMITH AND MORMONISM ................................................... 26 CHAPTER 4: THE BOOK OF MORMON...................................................................... 37 CHAPTER 5: THE TEXTS .............................................................................................. 62 CHAPTER 6: LEXICAL ANALYSIS ............................................................................. 82 CHAPTER 7: VOWEL ALTERNATION ANALYSIS ................................................. 105 CHAPTER 8: GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS .............................................................. 123 CHAPTER 9: IDIOMATIC ANALYSIS ....................................................................... 173 CHAPTER 10: CONCLUSION ..................................................................................... 205 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................... 224 APPENDIX ..................................................................................................................... 233 vi LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Biblical Allusions in the Book of Mormon ........................................................ 56 Table 2: OCR Errors in the Book of Mormon .................................................................. 67 Table 3: Altered Spellings in Joseph Smith's Letters ....................................................... 79 Table 4: Archaic Lexemes in the KJB .............................................................................. 85 Table 5: Archaic Lexemes in the Book of Mormon ......................................................... 86 Table 6: Archaic Lexemes in the Holy Roll ..................................................................... 87 Table 7: Archaic Lexemes in the Living Oracles ............................................................. 89 Table 8: Archaic Lexemes in the Berean .......................................................................... 90 Table 9: Archaic Lexemes in Finney's Sermons ............................................................... 91 Table 10: Archaic Lexemes in the Mabinogion ................................................................ 92 Table 11: Archaic Lexemes in the Iliad ............................................................................ 93 Table 12: Archaic Lexemes in Grettis Saga ..................................................................... 94 Table 13: Archaic Lexemes in Joseph Smith's Letters ..................................................... 95 Table 14: Archaic Lexemes in the Late War .................................................................... 97 Table 15: Complements of SAVE .................................................................................... 100 Table 16: Vowel Selection in the KJB ............................................................................ 106 Table 17: Vowel Selection in the BoM ........................................................................... 110 Table 18: Vowel Selection in the Holy Roll ................................................................... 113 Table 19: Vowel Selection in the Living Oracles ........................................................... 114 Table 20: Vowel Selection in the Berean ....................................................................... 115 Table 21: Vowel Selection in Finney's Sermons ............................................................ 116 Table 22: Vowel Selection in the Mabinogion ............................................................... 117 Table 23: Vowel Selection in the Iliad ........................................................................... 118 Table 24: Vowel Selection in Grettis Saga ..................................................................... 119 Table 25: Vowel Selection in Joseph Smith's Letters ..................................................... 120 Table 26: Vowel Selection in the Late War .................................................................... 121 Table 27: Grammatical Features in the BoM .................................................................. 145 Table 28: Address Pronoun Selection in the BoM .......................................................... 146 vii Table 29: Verb Raising in the BoM ................................................................................ 153 Table 30: Grammatical Features in the Holy Roll .......................................................... 157 Table 31: Grammatical Features in the Living Oracles .................................................. 158 Table 32: Grammatical Features in the Berean ............................................................... 159 Table 33: Grammatical Features in Finney's Sermons ................................................... 160 Table 34: Grammatical Features in the Mabinogion ...................................................... 162 Table 35: Grammatical Features in the Iliad ................................................................... 164 Table 36: Grammatical Features in Grettis Saga ............................................................ 165 Table 37: Grammatical Features in Joseph Smith's Letters ............................................ 167 Table 38: Grammatical Features in the Late War ........................................................... 169 Table 39: 5-grams in the KJB ......................................................................................... 174 Table 40: Expressions in the KJB ................................................................................... 177 Table 41: Expressions in the BoM .................................................................................. 178 Table 42: Expressions in the Holy Roll .......................................................................... 180 Table 43: Expressions in the Living Oracles .................................................................. 181 Table 44: Expressions in the Berean ............................................................................... 182 Table 45: Expressions in Finney's Sermons ................................................................... 182 Table 46: Expressions in the Mabinogion ...................................................................... 183 Table 47: Expressions in the Iliad ................................................................................... 184 Table 48: Expressions in Grettis Saga ............................................................................ 184 Table 49: Expressions in Joseph Smith's Letters ............................................................ 185 Table 50: Expressions in the Late War ..........................................................................
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