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The 1st Asian Conference on Literature and Librarianship Osaka, Japan, 2011 The Asian Conference on Literature and Librarianship Official Conference Proceedings 2011 For the International Academic Forum & The IAFOR International Advisory Board Professor Don Brash, Former Governor of the the New Professor Michiko Nakano, Waseda University, Tokyo, Zealand Reserve Bank & Former Leader of the National Japan Party, New Zealand Ms Karen Newby, Director, Par les mots solidaires, Lord Charles Bruce of Elgin and Kincardine, Lord Paris, France Lieutenant of Fife, Chairman of the Patrons of the National Galleries of Scotland & Trustee of the Historic Professor Michael Pronko, Meiji Gakuin University, Scotland Foundation, UK Tokyo, Japan Professor Tien-Hui Chiang, National University of Mr Michael Sakemoto, UCLA, USA Tainan, Chinese Taipei Mr Mohamed Salaheen, Country Director, UN World Mr Marcus Chidgey, CEO, Captive Minds Food Programme, Japan & Korea Communications Group, London, UK Mr Lowell Sheppard, Asia Pacific Director, HOPE Professor Steve Cornwell, Osaka Jogakuin University, International Osaka, Japan Professor Ken Kawan Soetanto, Waseda University, Professor Georges Depeyrot, Centre National de la Japan Recherche Scientifique/Ecole Normale Superieure, France His Excellency Dr Drago Stambuk, Croatian Professor Sue Jackson, Pro-Vice Master of Teaching Ambassador to Brazil and Learning, Birkbeck, University of London, UK Professor Mary Stuart, Vice-Chancellor of the Professor Michael Herriman, Nagoya University of University of Lincoln, UK Commerce and Business, Japan Dr Michael O'Sullivan, The Chinese University of Principal Masayasu Kano, Tsukuba International Hong Kong School, Tsukuba, Japan Professor Gary Swanson, University of Northern Dr Melissa Kennedy, NUCB, Japan Colorado, USA Vice-Consul Kathryn Kiser, United States State Dr David Wilkinson, Associate Dean (International), La Department, USA Trobe University, Australia Mrs Eri Kudo, Head Private Sector Fundraising, UN Mr Takayuki Yamada, Chairman, IAFOR Japan, Japan World Food Programme Japan, Tokyo, Japan Professor Kensaku Yoshida, Sophia University, Tokyo, Professor Sing Kong Lee, Director of the National Japan Institute of Education, Singapore Mrs Elly Zaniewicka, BBC Political Programmes, Dr Woon Chia Liu, Associate Dean, Practicum and London, UK School Partnerships, Teacher Education, NIE, Singapore ©The International Academic Forum 2011 The International Academic Forum (IAFOR) Aza Katahira 23-4 801, Ouaza Nagakute Aichi-gun, Aichi-ken, Nagakute-cho 480-1131 Japan ISSN: 2186-2281 http://www.iafor.org/librasia_proceedings.html iafor The Asian Conference on Literature and Librarianship 2011 Official Conference Proceedings 2011 Contents Postcolonial Filipino in Narrative Fiction: Cognitive Character Analysis of F. Sionil Jose’s Viajero Marie Rose Arong pp. 1-10 Modernization of University Libraries: A Comparative Study of University Libraries of Islamabad, Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa and Balochistan, Pakistan. Saeed ullah Jan Rafia A Sheikh pp. 11-55 From Poetess to Mystic – Mahadevi Verma Mythili P. Rao pp. 56-66 Discovering the Fatherland: An Impossible Journey? Enrique Galván-Álvarez pp. 67-83 A Journey of Discovery: the Impossibility of Defining Irishness in John Bull’s Other Island David Yi-ting Liu Yi-ling Yang pp. 84-95 Fictionalized History: Initiating Changes in theMalaysian Identity Sim Chee Cheang pp. 96-106 Values on Individualism and Collectivism between China and the West Li guishan pp. 107-111 The Encounter between Oriental Women and Western Gender - Take Xiaji and Liji for Example Bai Lu He Jiarong pp. 112-119 Feminist Reception of Othello: Desdemona as a Parodic Figure of Imperialist Males in Paula Vogel’s Desdemona: a play about a handkerchief Jane Im pp. 120-126 Which Job Satisfaction is More Important? The Relative Contributions of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Job Satisfaction to Contextual and Task Performance of University Librarians Yu-Ping Peng pp. 127-139 Confession Leading to Holy Power -On The Book of Margery Kempe- Park Eunhyung pp. 140-149 Parables of the East in Western Political Drama Loretta Visomirskis pp. 150-156 “Too long in Foreign Parts”? : Reading Henry James in the Asian University Patricia Louise Haseltine P. 157-169 Reaffirming the Role of School Libraries Andrew J Stark pp. 170-189 Forgetting the Gift in The Lord of the Rings: The Steward of Gondor and His Two Sons Minwoo Yoon pp. 190-198 Discovering the “Others”: Unearthing Homosexual Identity Construction in Selected Indonesia Contemporary Novels and Short Stories Rizki Theodorus Johan pp. 196-206 Comparative Study of Application of the EFQM Excellence Model in Central Libraries of Governmental & Medical Sciences Universities of Tabriz (Iran) Sedigheh Mohamadesmaeil Nayer Ebrahimi Somayeh Ghavidel pp. 207-219 Web Usability Evaluation: An Approach for Evaluating the Usability of National Library Websites in the Persian Gulf Rim Sedigheh Mohamadesmaeil Somaye Kazemi Kohbanani pp. 220-232 India Through Different Lenses: A Study of Rushdie’s Midnight’s Children and Tagore’s The Home and the World Sharmita Lahiri pp. 233-244 An Epochal Step: On Hester Prynne’s Feminist Awareness in Hawthorn’s The Scarlet Letter Chia-hsin Wu pp. 245-254 The Asian Conference on Literature & Librarianship Official Conference Proceedings 2011 LibrAsia 2011, Osaka, Japan Title Postcolonial Filipino in Narrative Fiction: Cognitive Character Analysis of F. Sionil Jose’s Viajero Author Marie Rose Arong - 0009 Affiliations University of the Philippines Cebu College Contact Information Marie Rose Arong Humanities Division University of the Philippines Cebu College Gorordo Avenue, Cebu City Philippines 6000 Email: [email protected] Categories Literature: Literary Criticism and Theory 1 The Asian Conference on Literature & Librarianship Official Conference Proceedings 2011 LibrAsia 2011, Osaka, Japan Title Postcolonial Filipino in Narrative Fiction: Cognitive Character Analysis of F. Sionil Jose’s Viajero Author Marie Rose Arong Affiliations University of the Philippines Cebu College I. The Postcolonial Filipino Situation Narratives exist in nearly every aspect of our society. The influence and power that these narratives can have on people are infamously represented by the persecution and death by firing squad of Jose Rizal, a Filipino martyr who wrote two novels1 which exposed the Spanish faults during the colonial period. Said (1994) observed that nowadays, it is impossible to be “purely one thing,” due largely to imperialism, which has resulted in the “mixture of cultures and identities on a global scale”; however, “its worst and most paradoxical gift was to allow people to believe that they were only, mainly, exclusively, white, or Black, or Western, or Oriental” [Italics added] (p. 336). This idea of being exclusively something plays significantly into the postcolonial binaries undeniably implanted in our minds. Talib (2002) called these postcolonial binaries as the “rigid division of the world into two categories: the West and the East, the North and the South, the developed and the undeveloped, the First and the Third Worlds, the English and the non-English” (p. 18), them and us, them and the other. What makes these labels divisive is that most of the times the exclusivity of being part of the other is connected to the negativity of being part of that other: East, South, undeveloped, Third World, non-English. For nearly four hundred years, Filipinos were made to believe that they were the other: the other of the Spaniards and the Americans. The aftermath of World War II meant formerly colonized nations sought to redefine themselves as peoples through decolonization. Said discusses three main ideas in the decolonizing cultural resistance: (1) the concept of national language; (2) resistance as an alternative way of conceiving human history; and (3) a noticeable pull away from separatist nationalism toward a more integrative view of human community and human liberation (pp. 215-216). Roxas-Tope (1998) wrote that the proponents of nationalism in the Philippines during the 1960s thought that it was necessary to require the writing of Philippine history by a Filipino and from the point of view of the Filipino, but when these works were published “they became textbooks, the repository of historical truths and canonical interpretations of the past” (p. 24); an act that can be considered as walking the fine line of the concept of Grand Narrative that both postcolonial and postmodern schools of thought question. In the same line, Zialcita (2005) questioned the overly nationalistic approach to the (re)writing of history because it highlights only the “Spanish state as the enemy of democrats and nationalists by the late nineteenth century” and leaves out “the Spanish state that brought in symbols, values, and an organization whose unforeseen consequence was an expanded sense of community where notions of democracy and nationalism germinated” (p. 65). Zialcita also observed this need to frame the definition of Filipino identity without the Spanish aspect of the Filipino heritage. According to Zialcita, this act of looking at “only a segment of our heritage” [Italics added] can again be attributed to the nationalistic writing tendencies (pp. 9-10). Thus this postcolonial Filipino is framed with an identity as other; an identity minus the Spanish or American influences; an identity minus segments of his heritage. This paper will analyze how the postcolonial Filipino is represented in the protagonist of F. Sionil Jose’s
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