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RUMÄNIEN Energieeffizienz in Der Industrie Zielmarktanalyse 2017 Mit Profilen Der Marktakteure

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RUMÄNIEN Energieeffizienz in Der Industrie Zielmarktanalyse 2017 Mit Profilen Der Marktakteure www.efficiency-from-germany.info RUMÄNIEN Energieeffizienz in der Industrie Zielmarktanalyse 2017 mit Profilen der Marktakteure www.german-energy-solutions.de Impressum Herausgeber Deutsch-Rumänische Industrie- und Handelskammer Kontaktperson Ruxandra Dumitrescu Str. Clucerului 35, et.2 011363 Bucureşti Tel. +40 21 207 91 48 Fax +40 21 223 15 38 www.ahkrumaenien.ro Stand Juni 2017 Gestaltung und Produktion Deutsch-Rumänische Industrie- und Handelskammer Bildnachweis Deutsch-Rumänische Industrie- und Handelskammer 1 RUMÄNIEN – ENERGIEEFFIZIENZ IN DER INDUSTRIE 2017 Zusammenfassung Mitte 2014 wurde die EU-Direktive 2012/27/UE in die nationale Gesetzgebung umgesetzt (Gesetz 121/2014) und davor wurde ein neuer Aktionsplan für die Energieeffizienz für die Zeitspanne 2014 – 2020 entwickelt. Dieser sieht in der genannten Zeitspanne eine Energieeinsparung von 5.817,1 ktoe vor. Dies stellt 79% der gemäß der EU/Direktive vorgesehenen Gesamtmenge dar. Das Einsparungspotenzial des Energieverbrauchs in der Industrie liegt laut dem Aktionsplan bei ca. 13%. Bislang konnte in der Industrie in der Zeitspanne 2007 – 2015 eine Energieeinsparung von ca. 31,5% festgestellt werden. Dies ist aber auch auf die Senkung der Produktion und der Wirtschaftsschrumpfung zurückzuführen. Ein Teil der Einsparungen ist auch den durchgeführten Programmen und ausgegebenen EU- und nationalen Fördergeldern für Energieeffizienzmaßnahmen zu verdanken. Diese Programme werden weiterhin fortgesetzt, besonders weil sich die rumänische Wirtschaft seit 2011 wieder auf Wachstumskurs befindet und somit mehr Energie verbraucht. Bis zum jetzigen Zeitpunkt sind hauptsächlich die weniger energieintensiven Industriebranchen gewachsen. In der Industrie besteht ein deutliches Wachstumspotenzial für die Energieeffizienz, da die Energieintensität Rumäniens derzeit 2,5 mal höher ist als der EU-Durchschnitt. Hohes Einsparpotenzial besteht vor allem in der Metallurgie, Baumaterialien- und Chemieindustrie. Diese Großverbraucher hatten 2015 einen Anteil von 66% des Gesamtverbrauchs in der Industrie erzielt. Auch kleinere Industrien wie die Lebensmittel- und Getränkeherstellung oder die Holz- und Papierverarbeitung hatten aufgrund der hohen Energieintensität einen deutlichen Energieverbrauch. Die Unternehmen müssen Energieaudits durchführen und Energiemanagement betreiben. Die Finanzierungsprogramme sehen vor, dass Investitionen in folgenden Bereichen getätigt werden: Steigerung der Energieeffizienz der elektronischen Schaltsysteme, Modernisierung der HVAC-, Beleuchtungs- und Produktionsanlagen sowie das Ersetzen der überdimensionierten Anlagen, Verbessern des Energiemanagements und Rückgewinnungssysteme für die Prozesswärme. Der rumänische Markt bietet deutschen Anbietern dieser Branche sehr gute Chancen. Das Potenzial ist vorhanden, die ersten Schritte zur konkreten Umsetzung sind bereits eingeleitet und auch die Finanzierungsfrage ist weitgehend geklärt. Deutsche Unternehmen sind weltweit für sehr gutes Know-how und hervorragende Technologien bekannt und „Made in Germany“-Produkte erfreuen sich in Rumänien besonders hohem Ansehen. Nicht zuletzt können deutsche Anbieter dieser Branche zahlreiche konkrete Anwendungserfolge nachweisen, z.B. in den neuen Bundesländern. Lieferanten aus Deutschland sollten diese Entwicklungsperspektiven nicht unterschätzen und sich erfolgreich an diesem Prozess beteiligen. 2 RUMÄNIEN – ENERGIEEFFIZIENZ IN DER INDUSTRIE 2017 Inhalt Zusammenfassung…. ............................................................................................................................... 2 Inhalt ....................................................................................................................................................... 3 Tabellenverzeichnis ................................................................................................................................. 5 Abbildungsverzeichnis ............................................................................................................................. 7 Abkürzungsverzeichnis ............................................................................................................................8 Erklärung der Maßeinheiten .................................................................................................................... 9 Währung .................................................................................................................................................. 9 1. Länderprofil Rumänien ...................................................................................................................... 10 1.1 Basisinformationen ........................................................................................................................................................... 10 1.2 Politische Situation ........................................................................................................................................................... 11 1.3 Die rumänische Volkswirtschaft ...................................................................................................................................... 11 2. Energiemarkt ..................................................................................................................................... 21 2.1 Energiepolitische Rahmenbedingungen ......................................................................................................................... 21 2.2 Energieintensität und Anteile verschiedener Energieträger (inkl. erneuerbarer Energien) am Primärenergiebedarf ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 21 2.3 Der rumänische Strommarkt .......................................................................................................................................... 25 2.4 Der rumänische Gasmarkt .............................................................................................................................................. 32 2.5 Fernwärme ....................................................................................................................................................................... 33 2.6 Energiepreise ................................................................................................................................................................... 35 2.7 Gesetzliche Rahmenbedingungen .................................................................................................................................. 40 3. Energiekonsum und Energieeffizienz in der rumänischen Industrie .................................................. 47 3.1 Energieverbrauch in den rumänischen Wirtschaftssektoren ........................................................................................ 48 3.2 Energieeffizienzpotenziale in ausgewählten Industriesektoren ................................................................................... 54 3.2.1 Lebensmittelindustrie, Getränke und Tabakwaren ............................................................................................... 59 3.2.2 Textil-, Bekleidungs- und Lederindustrie .............................................................................................................. 62 3.2.3 Holz- und Möbelindustrie ....................................................................................................................................... 64 3.2.4 Papier und Druck .................................................................................................................................................... 66 3.2.5 Chemische Industrie ............................................................................................................................................... 68 3.2.6 Gummi- und Kunststoffidustrie .............................................................................................................................. 71 3.2.7 Nichtmetallische Mineralstoffe ................................................................................................................................ 72 3.2.8 Eisen- und Stahlindustrie ........................................................................................................................................74 3.2.9 Stahl-, Maschinen-, Anlagen- und Fahrzeugbau .................................................................................................... 75 4. Technologien/Produktgruppen bzw. Chancen für deutsche Unternehmen ......................................... 79 4.1 Wärme- und Kältetechnik, Heiz- und Klimaanlagen und Belüftungstechnologie ....................................................... 80 3 RUMÄNIEN – ENERGIEEFFIZIENZ IN DER INDUSTRIE 2017 4.2 Kraft-Wärme-Kopplung, BHKW, Wiedergewinnung von Abwärme ........................................................................... 80 4.3 Mess- und Regeltechnik ................................................................................................................................................... 81 4.4 Beleuchtung ..................................................................................................................................................................... 82 4.5 Wärmedämmungen für Rohre, Gebäudehüllen ............................................................................................................ 82
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