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Proquest Dissertations m u Ottawa L'Universite canadienne Canada's university FACULTE DES ETUDES SUPERIEURES FACULTY OF GRADUATE AND ET POSTOCTORALES U Ottawa POSDOCTORAL STUDIES i .'University ciinadicnnc Canada's university Jean-Robert Kibanda Mavita AUTEUR DE LA THESE / AUTHOR OF THESIS Ph.D. (droit canonique) GRADE/DEGREE Department of Economics FACULTE, ECOLE, DEPARTEMENT / FACULTY, SCHOOL, DEPARTMENT La prise de possession canonique et I'exercice de l'office de I'eveque diocesain. Etude du canon 382 § 1 et de ses incidences juridiques TITRE DE LA THESE / TITLE OF THESIS Roch Page DIRECTEUR (DIRECTRICE) DE LA THESE / THESIS SUPERVISOR CO-DIRECTEUR (CO-DIRECTRICE) DE LA THESE / THESIS CO-SUPERVISOR EXAMINATEURS (EXAMINATRICES) DE LA THESE/THESIS EXAMINERS Gary W. Slater Le Doyen de la Faculte des etudes superieures et postdoctorales / Dean of the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies LA PRISE DE POSSESSION CANONIQUE ET L'EXERCICE DE L'OFFICE DE L'EVEQUE DIOCESAIN. ETUDE DU CANON 382 § 1 ET DE SES INCIDENCES JURIDIQUES par Jean-Robert KIBANDA MAVITA These presentee a la Faculte de droit canonique de TUniversite Saint-Paul, Ottawa, Canada, en vue de I'obtention du grade de docteur en droit canonique Ottawa, Canada Universite Saint-Paul 2004 Library and Archives Bibliotheque et 1*1 Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 OttawaONK1A0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-59526-8 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-59526-8 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non­ L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library and permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par I'Internet, preter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans le loan, distribute and sell theses monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, sur worldwide, for commercial or non­ support microforme, papier, electronique et/ou commercial purposes, in microform, autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in this et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. Ni thesis. Neither the thesis nor la these ni des extraits substantiels de celle-ci substantial extracts from it may be ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement printed or otherwise reproduced reproduits sans son autorisation. without the author's permission. In compliance with the Canadian Conformement a la loi canadienne sur la Privacy Act some supporting forms protection de la vie privee, quelques may have been removed from this formulaires secondaires ont ete enleves de thesis. cette these. While these forms may be included Bien que ces formulaires aient inclus dans in the document page count, their la pagination, il n'y aura aucun contenu removal does not represent any loss manquant. of content from the thesis. 1+1 Canada LA PRISE DE POSSESSION CANONIQUE ET L'EXERCICE DE L'OFFICE DE L'EVEQUE DIOCESAIN. ETUDE DU CAN. 382, § 1 ET DE SES INCIDENCES JL'RIDIQJUES Le droit actuel affirme que I'eveque designe a la tete d'un diocese doit franchir certaines etapes avant de pouvoir exercer son office. Le fait de la designation sous-entend la reception de la mission canonique qui, elle, suppose la communion de I'elu avec le chef du college et ses membres. II doit evidemment recevoir la ((consecration episcopal©) si ce n'est deja fait, a l'interieur du temps fixe par le droit. II doit enfin prendre possession canonique du diocese qui lui est confie. La prise de possession canonique constitue la derniere etape marquant le debut de l'exercice du ministere pastoral du nouvel eveque. Elle est essentielle a l'exercice de 1'office de I'eveque diocesain. C'est pourquoi, le can. 382, § 1 interdit a I'eveque designe d'exercer son office avant d'avoir rempli cette exigence. Le can. 382, § 1 reprend en substance les dispositions du can. 334, § 2 du CIC/17. La consecration episcopale et la mission canonique ne suffisent pas a I'eveque designe pour exercer 1'office qui lui est confie. En interdisant a I'eveque de s'ingerer dans le gouvernement de son diocese avant la prise de possession, le can. 382, § 1 etablit I'inhabilite implicite de I'eveque designe. L'episcopat comme tel n'est pas un office ecclesiastique et la promotion a la dignite episcopale ne donne pas droit a l'exercice immediat de 1'office. 11 existe deux positions sur la signification juridique de t'institution qui fait Pobjet de cette etude. La premiere, celle defendue recemment par le professeur Arrieta, soutient que la non- observance de cette exigence ne conduit pas a la nullite des actes du fait que le can. 382, § 1 ne le present pas expressement. L'auteur cite a cet effet le can. 10 sur les lois irritantes et inhabilitantes. L'exigence de la prise de possession canonique serait done ad liceilatem. La seconde souligne que pour qu'une chose soit dite «expressement», il n'est pas necessaire qu'elle soit dite «explicitement». Elle peut l'etre soit «explicitement», soit «implicitement». La nullite des actes est virtuellement exprimee par le can. 382, § 1 sans etre formellement exprimee. L'eveque agirait d'une maniere non conforme a la loi s'il arrivait a exercer son office avant qu'il ait pris possession canonique de son diocese. L'exigence de la prise de possession serait done ad validitatem, e'est-a-dire elle est requise pour la validite de certains actes du pouvoir de gouvernement. TABLE DES MATIERES AVANT-PROPOS vi TABLE DES SIGLES vii INTRODUCTION GENERALE x CHAPITRE I: LA PRISE>DE POSSESSION DANS LA LEGISLATION CANONIQUE 1 1. 1 - Du Ie au VIIe siecle 2 1. 2 - Du VIE eau XII esiecle 10 1. 2. 1 - La reforme d'Alexandre II (1061- 1073) 14 1. 2. 2 - La reforme gregorienne (1073-1085) 15 1. 3 - Du XIIe siecle au Concile de Trente 17 1. 3. 1 - Le Decret de Gratien (vers 1140) 18 1. 3. 2 - Les Decretales de Gregoire IX (1230- 1234) 19 1. 3. 3 - Le Liber Sextus de Boniface VIII (1294- 1303) 20 1. 3. 4 - Les Constitutiones de Clement V (1312- 1317) 21 1.3.6 - Du concile de Trente (1545- 1563) au Code de 1917 23 1. 4 - Le Code de 1917 24 1.4. 1 - La prise de possession canonique de son office par l'administrateur apostolique 25 1. 4. 2 - La prise de possession canonique de son office par le prelat inferieur 24 1. 4. 3 - La prise de possession canonique du diocese par l'eveque residentiel 26 1. 4. 3. 1 - L'obligation de la prise de possession 27 1. 4. 3. 2 - La prise de possession elle-meme 28 TABLE DES MATIERES ii 1.4.4 - La prise de possession canonique de leur office par les eveques coadjuteurs 29 1. 4. 5 - La prise de possession canonique d'une paroisse par le cure ... 30 1.5- L'apport du concile Vatican II 32 1. 6 - La prise de possession canonique de 1'office dans le Code de 1983 35 1. 6. 1 - La prise de possession canonique de leur office par les eveques titulaires 36 1. 6. 2 - La prise de possession canonique de son office par le cure 40 CONCLUSION 43 CHAPITRE II: LA PRISE DE POSSESSION ET L'EXERCICE DU POUVOIR LEGISLATIF 45 2. 1 - L'exercice du pouvoir legislatif dans l'Eglise 46 2. 1. 1 - Au niveau de l'Eglise universelle 47 2. 1. 2 - Au niveau supra diocesain 49 2. 1. 3 - Au niveau de l'Eglise particuliere 53 2.2- Les domaines de la legislation diocesaine 57 2. 2. 1 - La fonction d'enseignement 58 2. 2. 1. 1 - Le ministere de la parole 58 2. 2. 1. 2 - La catechese 59 2. 2. 1.3- L'education catholique 60 2. 2. 2 - La fonction de sanctification 63 2. 2. 3 - L'organisation pastorale du diocese 67 2. 2. 3. 1 - la legislation sur les institutions canoniques 67 2. 2. 3. 2 - La discipline du clerge 70 2. 2. 3. 3 - Les contributions diocesaines 72 2. 2. 4 - L'exercice du pouvoir legislatif en matiere penale 73 TABLE DES MATIERES iii 2. 3 - Le principe de «synodalite» et le pouvoir legislatif de l'eveque diocesain 75 2. 3. 1 - L'eveque seul legislateur dans le synode diocesain 76 2. 3. 2 - Les organismes diocesains de collaboration 81 2. 3. 2. 1 - Le conseil pour les affaires economiques 82 2. 3. 2. 2 - Le conseil presbyteral 85 2. 3. 2. 3 - Le college des consulteurs 88 2. 3. 2. 4 - le conseil diocesain de pastorale 90 CONCLUSION 93 CHAPITRE III: LA PRISE DE POSSESSION ET L'EXERCICE DU POUVOIR EXECUTIF 95 3. 1 - Quelques principes canoniques 96 3. 2 - Le pouvoir de dispense des eveques au concile du Vatican II 98 3. 2. 1 - Le motu proprio Pastorale munus 104 3. 2. 2 - La Constitution dogmatique Lumen gentium 100 3. 2. 3 - Le Decret conciliaire Christus Dominus 105 3. 2. 4 - Le motu proprio De episcoporum muneribus 107 3. 3 - Le pouvoir de dispense des eveques diocesains dans le Code de 1983 . Ill a) - Dans les situations ordinaires 112 b) - Dans des situations extraordinaires 115 c) - Autres cas de dispenses 116 1 - l'empechement provenant de voeu perpetuel de chastete ... 117 2 - en cas de peril de mort 118 3 - la dispense «cum iam omnia parata sunt» 121 3.4.- Quelques cas de dispenses reservees au Siege Apostolique 123 3.
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