Backyards for Butterflies
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Natural Resources Section of the Resources Management Plan
NATURAL RESOURCES SECTION OF THE RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PLAN GOLDEN GATE NATIONAL RECREATION AREA Prepared by Golden Gate National Recreation Area National Park Service Department of the Interior December 20, 1999 Prepared by: ___________________________________ Date:_____________ Division of Natural Resource Management and Research Approved by: ___________________________________ Date:_____________ General Superintendent, Golden Gate National Recreation Area NATURAL RESOURCES SECTION OF THE RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PLAN TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Purpose of Park Establishment 1 1.2 Purpose of the Plan 1 1.3 Compliance/National Environmental Policy Act 2 2 NATURAL RESOURCES VALUES 3 2.1 Geography, Geology and Minerals 3 2.2 Water Resources 4 2.3 Plant Resources 4 2.4 Rare and Endangered Species 4 2.5 Wildlife Resources 5 2.6 Marine Resources 15 2.7 Air Resources and Night Sky 16 3 CONDITIONS AND THREATS TO NATURAL RESOURCES 19 3.1 Geologic and Mineral Resources 19 3.2 Water Resources 20 3.3 Plant Resources 22 3.4 Rare and Endangered Species 24 3.5 Wildlife Resources 31 3.6 Marine Resources 34 3.7 Air Resources and Night Sky 36 4 GGNRA NATURAL RESOURCE PROGRAM 37 4.1 Objectives of the Natural Resource Program 37 4.2 Inventory and Monitoring (Vital Signs) — an Integrated Program 38 4.3 Restoration — an Integrated Program 38 4.4 Wildlife Program 41 4.5 Integrated Pest Management (IPM) 55 4.6 Vegetation Program 55 4.7 Forestry Program 65 4.8 Range Inventory and Management 67 4.9 Prescribed Fire Management 67 4.10 Aquatic/Hydrology -
Phylogenetics, Flow-Cytometry and Pollen Storage in Erica L
Institut für Nutzpflanzenwissenschaft und Res sourcenschutz Professur für Pflanzenzüchtung Prof. Dr. J. Léon Phylogenetics, flow-cytometry and pollen storage in Erica L. (Ericaceae). Implications for plant breeding and interspecific crosses. Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades Doktor der Agrarwissenschaften (Dr. agr.) der Landwirtschaftlichen Fakultät der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn von Ana Laura Mugrabi de Kuppler aus Buenos Aires Institut für Nutzpflanzenwissenschaft und Res sourcenschutz Professur für Pflanzenzüchtung Prof. Dr. J. Léon Referent: Prof. Dr. Jens Léon Korreferent: Prof. Dr. Jaime Fagúndez Korreferent: Prof. Dr. Dietmar Quandt Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 15.11.2013 Erscheinungsjahr: 2013 A mis flores Rolf y Florian Abstract Abstract With over 840 species Erica L. is one of the largest genera of the Ericaceae, comprising woody perennial plants that occur from Scandinavia to South Africa. According to previous studies, the northern species, present in Europe and the Mediterranean, form a paraphyletic, basal clade, and the southern species, present in South Africa, form a robust monophyletic group. In this work a molecular phylogenetic analysis from European and from Central and South African Erica species was performed using the chloroplast regions: trnL-trnL-trnF and 5´trnK-matK , as well as the nuclear DNA marker ITS, in order i) to state the monophyly of the northern and southern species, ii) to determine the phylogenetic relationships between the species and contrasting them with previous systematic research studies and iii) to compare the results provided from nuclear data and explore possible evolutionary patterns. All species were monophyletic except for the widely spread E. arborea , and E. manipuliflora . The paraphyly of the northern species was also confirmed, but three taxa from Central East Africa were polyphyletic, suggesting different episodes of colonization of this area. -
Pollinator–Friendly Parks
POLLINATOR–FRIENDLY PARKS How to Enhance Parks, Gardens, and Other Greenspaces for Native Pollinator Insects Matthew Shepherd, Mace Vaughan, and Scott Hoffman Black The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation, Portland, OR The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation is an international, nonprofit, member–supported organiza- tion dedicated to preserving wildlife and its habitat through the conservation of invertebrates. The Society promotes protection of invertebrates and their habitat through science–based advocacy, conservation, and education projects. Its work focuses on three principal areas—endangered species, watershed health, and pollinator conservation. Copyright © 2008 (2nd Edition) The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation. 4828 SE Hawthorne Boulevard, Portland, OR 97215 Tel (503) 232-6639 Fax (503) 233-6794 www.xerces.org Acknowledgements Thank you to Bruce Barbarasch (Tualatin Hills Park & Recreation District, OR) and Lisa Hamerlynck (City of Lake Oswego, OR) for reviewing early drafts. Their guidance and suggestions greatly improved these guide- lines. Thank you to Eric Mader and Jessa Guisse for help with the plant lists, and to Caitlyn Howell and Logan Lauvray for editing assistance. Funding for our pollinator conservation program has been provided by the Bradshaw-Knight Foundation, the Bullitt Foundation, the Columbia Foundation, the CS Fund, the Disney Wildlife Conservation Fund, the Dudley Foundation, the Gaia Fund, NRCS Agricultural Wildlife Conservation Center, NRCS California, NRCS West National Technical Support Center, the Panta Rhea Foundation, the Richard and Rhoda Goldman Founda- tion, the Turner Foundation, the Wildwood Foundation, and Xerces Society members Photographs We are grateful to Jeff Adams, Scott Bauer/USDA–ARS, John Davis/GORGEous Nature, Chris Evans/ www.forestryimages.com, Bruce Newhouse, Jeff Owens/Metalmark Images, and Edward S. -
Butterflies of the Wesleyan Campus
BUTTERFLIES OF THE WESLEYAN CAMPUS SWALLOWTAILS Hairstreaks (Subfamily - Theclinae) (Family PAPILIONIDAE) Great Purple Hairstreak - Atlides halesus Coral Hairstreak - Satyrium titus True Swallowtails Banded Hairstreak - Satyrium calanus (Subfamily - Papilioninae) Striped Hairstreak - Satyrium liparops Pipevine Swallowtail - Battus philenor Henry’s Elfin - Callophrys henrici Zebra Swallowtail - Eurytides marcellus Eastern Pine Elfin - Callophrys niphon Black Swallowtail - Papilio polyxenes Juniper Hairstreak - Callophrys gryneus Giant Swallowtail - Papilio cresphontes White M Hairstreak - Parrhasius m-album Eastern Tiger Swallowtail - Papilio glaucus Gray Hairstreak - Strymon melinus Spicebush Swallowtail - Papilio troilus Red-banded Hairstreak - Calycopis cecrops Palamedes Swallowtail - Papilio palamedes Blues (Subfamily - Polommatinae) Ceraunus Blue - Hemiargus ceraunus Eastern-Tailed Blue - Everes comyntas WHITES AND SULPHURS Spring Azure - Celastrina ladon (Family PIERIDAE) Whites (Subfamily - Pierinae) BRUSHFOOTS Cabbage White - Pieris rapae (Family NYMPHALIDAE) Falcate Orangetip - Anthocharis midea Snouts (Subfamily - Libytheinae) American Snout - Libytheana carinenta Sulphurs and Yellows (Subfamily - Coliadinae) Clouded Sulphur - Colias philodice Heliconians and Fritillaries Orange Sulphur - Colias eurytheme (Subfamily - Heliconiinae) Southern Dogface - Colias cesonia Gulf Fritillary - Agraulis vanillae Cloudless Sulphur - Phoebis sennae Zebra Heliconian - Heliconius charithonia Barred Yellow - Eurema daira Variegated Fritillary -
Lepidoptera of North America 5
Lepidoptera of North America 5. Contributions to the Knowledge of Southern West Virginia Lepidoptera Contributions of the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity Colorado State University Lepidoptera of North America 5. Contributions to the Knowledge of Southern West Virginia Lepidoptera by Valerio Albu, 1411 E. Sweetbriar Drive Fresno, CA 93720 and Eric Metzler, 1241 Kildale Square North Columbus, OH 43229 April 30, 2004 Contributions of the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity Colorado State University Cover illustration: Blueberry Sphinx (Paonias astylus (Drury)], an eastern endemic. Photo by Valeriu Albu. ISBN 1084-8819 This publication and others in the series may be ordered from the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity, Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 Abstract A list of 1531 species ofLepidoptera is presented, collected over 15 years (1988 to 2002), in eleven southern West Virginia counties. A variety of collecting methods was used, including netting, light attracting, light trapping and pheromone trapping. The specimens were identified by the currently available pictorial sources and determination keys. Many were also sent to specialists for confirmation or identification. The majority of the data was from Kanawha County, reflecting the area of more intensive sampling effort by the senior author. This imbalance of data between Kanawha County and other counties should even out with further sampling of the area. Key Words: Appalachian Mountains, -
Phylogenetic Relationships and Historical Biogeography of Tribes and Genera in the Subfamily Nymphalinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
Blackwell Science, LtdOxford, UKBIJBiological Journal of the Linnean Society 0024-4066The Linnean Society of London, 2005? 2005 862 227251 Original Article PHYLOGENY OF NYMPHALINAE N. WAHLBERG ET AL Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2005, 86, 227–251. With 5 figures . Phylogenetic relationships and historical biogeography of tribes and genera in the subfamily Nymphalinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) NIKLAS WAHLBERG1*, ANDREW V. Z. BROWER2 and SÖREN NYLIN1 1Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden 2Department of Zoology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331–2907, USA Received 10 January 2004; accepted for publication 12 November 2004 We infer for the first time the phylogenetic relationships of genera and tribes in the ecologically and evolutionarily well-studied subfamily Nymphalinae using DNA sequence data from three genes: 1450 bp of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) (in the mitochondrial genome), 1077 bp of elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1-a) and 400–403 bp of wing- less (both in the nuclear genome). We explore the influence of each gene region on the support given to each node of the most parsimonious tree derived from a combined analysis of all three genes using Partitioned Bremer Support. We also explore the influence of assuming equal weights for all characters in the combined analysis by investigating the stability of clades to different transition/transversion weighting schemes. We find many strongly supported and stable clades in the Nymphalinae. We are also able to identify ‘rogue’ -
Properties of Trunk and Briarwood of Tree Heath (Erica Arborea L.) From
Properties of trunk and briarwood of tree heath ( Erica arborea L.) from island Rab Slavko Govor čin 1, Tomislav Sinkovi ć1, Tomislav Sedlar 1, Bogoslav Šefc 2, Iva Ištok 2 1,2 Department for wood science, Faculty of Forestry, University of Zagreb, Croatia, [email protected] , [email protected] , [email protected] , [email protected] , [email protected] ABSTRACT Tree heath (Erica arborea L.) is an evergreen shrub that grows mainly in Mediterranean region. This species tends to grow in areas such as macchia shrub lands, dry evergreen scrublands, forest roadsides and forest outskirts which have a lot of light and sun though daytime. Tree heath is not a commercial timber species, it occurs as a result of forest roads and forest fireroads construction. This wood species is interesting because of its briarwood. Briarwood is tumour like outgrow that develops between root and trunk and it’s commonly used in making bowls of tobacco smoking pipes and knife handles. The trunk can also be used for variety of products because of its relatively good mechanical properties and nice colour and texture. Material for this study was taken from tree heath ( Erica arborea L.) shrubs growing on island of Rab in Croatia. In this study density and dimensional stability of briarwood and trunk of tree heath were investigated . Also some mechanical properties of trunk such as bending strength and compression strength parallel to the grain were studied. Key words: Tree heath ( Erica arborea L.), briarwood, trunk, physical properties, mechanical properties AIM OF RESEARCH Knowing technological characteristics of wood is important postulate for rational usage of wood recourses. -
Ericaceae Five Petals, Sometimes Free, Though Usually the Heather Family Fused Together to Form a Tube, Bell Or Urn
RHS GENEALOGY FOR GARDENERS EUDICOTS sepals, free or fused at the base, and four or Ericaceae five petals, sometimes free, though usually The heather family fused together to form a tube, bell or urn. The stamens are in whorls of four or five and Hugely useful in the garden, this family of mainly woody plants includes the heathers the pollen is released from the anthers by (Calluna, Erica, Daboecia), azaleas, rhododendrons, wintergreens (Gaultheria), way of pores at the tips. Pieris and mountain laurels (Kalmia). Commercially significant crops include Fruit blueberries and cranberries (Vaccinium). Fruits are typically dry capsules, though fleshy Size Origins fruits, such as blueberries, are not uncommon. One of the larger families, the Ericaceae contains Earliest evidence of this family dates to the Late Leaves over 3,850 species. Within this great diversity are Cretaceous (about 90 million years ago). Fossils many small genera with one or two species, and suggest that Ericaceae was once more diverse in Most Ericaceae have evergreen, alternate leaves and Vaccinium corymbosum, three titans; Rhododendron (with 1,000 species), Europe, which was home to genera now restricted no stipules. Some species, such as many azaleas, highbush blueberry Erica (850 species) and Vaccinium (500 species). to Asia and/or America. are deciduous, while opposite and whorled leaf It should be noted that azaleas are included arrangements are also known. Leaf margins are within Rhododendron. Flowers entire, toothed or curled under, and some species USES FOR THIS FAMILY (including many rhododendrons) have dense hair Great floral diversity is encompassed by this or scales on the lower surfaces. -
Appendix A: Common and Scientific Names for Fish and Wildlife Species Found in Idaho
APPENDIX A: COMMON AND SCIENTIFIC NAMES FOR FISH AND WILDLIFE SPECIES FOUND IN IDAHO. How to Read the Lists. Within these lists, species are listed phylogenetically by class. In cases where phylogeny is incompletely understood, taxonomic units are arranged alphabetically. Listed below are definitions for interpreting NatureServe conservation status ranks (GRanks and SRanks). These ranks reflect an assessment of the condition of the species rangewide (GRank) and statewide (SRank). Rangewide ranks are assigned by NatureServe and statewide ranks are assigned by the Idaho Conservation Data Center. GX or SX Presumed extinct or extirpated: not located despite intensive searches and virtually no likelihood of rediscovery. GH or SH Possibly extinct or extirpated (historical): historically occurred, but may be rediscovered. Its presence may not have been verified in the past 20–40 years. A species could become SH without such a 20–40 year delay if the only known occurrences in the state were destroyed or if it had been extensively and unsuccessfully looked for. The SH rank is reserved for species for which some effort has been made to relocate occurrences, rather than simply using this status for all elements not known from verified extant occurrences. G1 or S1 Critically imperiled: at high risk because of extreme rarity (often 5 or fewer occurrences), rapidly declining numbers, or other factors that make it particularly vulnerable to rangewide extinction or extirpation. G2 or S2 Imperiled: at risk because of restricted range, few populations (often 20 or fewer), rapidly declining numbers, or other factors that make it vulnerable to rangewide extinction or extirpation. G3 or S3 Vulnerable: at moderate risk because of restricted range, relatively few populations (often 80 or fewer), recent and widespread declines, or other factors that make it vulnerable to rangewide extinction or extirpation. -
List of Insect Species Which May Be Tallgrass Prairie Specialists
Conservation Biology Research Grants Program Division of Ecological Services © Minnesota Department of Natural Resources List of Insect Species which May Be Tallgrass Prairie Specialists Final Report to the USFWS Cooperating Agencies July 1, 1996 Catherine Reed Entomology Department 219 Hodson Hall University of Minnesota St. Paul MN 55108 phone 612-624-3423 e-mail [email protected] This study was funded in part by a grant from the USFWS and Cooperating Agencies. Table of Contents Summary.................................................................................................. 2 Introduction...............................................................................................2 Methods.....................................................................................................3 Results.....................................................................................................4 Discussion and Evaluation................................................................................................26 Recommendations....................................................................................29 References..............................................................................................33 Summary Approximately 728 insect and allied species and subspecies were considered to be possible prairie specialists based on any of the following criteria: defined as prairie specialists by authorities; required prairie plant species or genera as their adult or larval food; were obligate predators, parasites -
Papilio (New Series) #24 2016 Issn 2372-9449
PAPILIO (NEW SERIES) #24 2016 ISSN 2372-9449 MEAD’S BUTTERFLIES IN COLORADO, 1871 by James A. Scott, Ph.D. in entomology, University of California Berkeley, 1972 (e-mail: [email protected]) Table of Contents Introduction………………………………………………………..……….……………….p. 1 Locations of Localities Mentioned Below…………………………………..……..……….p. 7 Summary of Butterflies Collected at Mead’s Major Localities………………….…..……..p. 8 Mead’s Butterflies, Sorted by Butterfly Species…………………………………………..p. 11 Diary of Mead’s Travels and Butterflies Collected……………………………….……….p. 43 Identity of Mead’s Field Names for Butterflies he Collected……………………….…….p. 64 Discussion and Conclusions………………………………………………….……………p. 66 Acknowledgments………………………………………………………….……………...p. 67 Literature Cited……………………………………………………………….………...….p. 67 Table 1………………………………………………………………………….………..….p. 6 Table 2……………………………………………………………………………………..p. 37 Introduction Theodore L. Mead (1852-1936) visited central Colorado from June to September 1871 to collect butterflies. Considerable effort has been spent trying to determine the identities of the butterflies he collected for his future father-in-law William Henry Edwards, and where he collected them. Brown (1956) tried to deduce his itinerary based on the specimens and the few letters etc. available to him then. Brown (1964-1987) designated lectotypes and neotypes for the names of the butterflies that William Henry Edwards described, including 24 based on Mead’s specimens. Brown & Brown (1996) published many later-discovered letters written by Mead describing his travels and collections. Calhoun (2013) purchased Mead’s journal and published Mead’s brief journal descriptions of his collecting efforts and his travels by stage and horseback and walking, and Calhoun commented on some of the butterflies he collected (especially lectotypes). Calhoun (2015a) published an abbreviated summary of Mead’s travels using those improved locations from the journal etc., and detailed the type localities of some of the butterflies named from Mead specimens. -
American Lady, American Painted Lady, Vanessa Virginiensis (Drury) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Nymphalinae)1 Donald W
EENY 449 American Lady, American Painted Lady, Vanessa virginiensis (Drury) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Nymphalinae)1 Donald W. Hall2 The Featured Creatures collection provides in-depth profiles of insects, nematodes, arachnids, and other organisms relevant to Florida. These profiles are intended for the use of interested laypersons with some knowledge of biology as well as academic audiences. Introduction Vanessa virginiensis (Drury) has been known by a number of common names (Cech and Tudor 2005, Miller 1992) including American lady, American painted lady, painted beauty, and Hunter’s butterfly. It will be referred to here as the American lady in accord with the Checklist of North American Butterflies Occurring North of Mexico (NABA 2004). Although the adult American lady is an attractive butterfly, it is probably best known among naturalists for the characteristic nests made by its caterpillars. Figure 1. Adult American lady, Vanessa virginiensis (Drury), with dorsal view of wings. Credits: Don Hall, UF/IFAS Distribution The American lady occurs from southern Canada through- out the United States and southward to northern South America and is seen occasionally in Europe, Hawaii, and the larger Caribbean islands (Scott 1986; Opler and Krizek 1984; Cech and Tudor 2005). 1. This document is EENY 449, one of a series of the Entomology and Nematology Department, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date June 2009. Revised February 2018 and February 2021. Visit the EDIS website at https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu for the currently supported version of this publication. This document is also available on the Featured Creatures website at http://entomology.ifas.ufl.edu/creatures.