Rheology Modifier and Thickener for Personal Care © Jenner Egberts Fotografie/Shutterstock.com WorléeAqua Thix – Rheology Modifier and Thickener for Personal Care

WorléeAqua Thix – All-in-One Polymers with Broad Application Possibilities

Rheology Modifier and Thickener for Personal Care

he Worlée name has been synony­ Under the product-brand WorléeAqua Thix, mousT with the highest-quality raw materials Worlée offers three liquid rheology modifiers since 1851. Today, Worlée is among the indus- designed to thicken, suspend, and stabilize rinse- try’s most modern and technologically inno- off products like body washes, facial cleansers, vative companies. The enterprise is an interna- or shampoos and emulsions for skin and sun tional market leader for chemical, natural, and care applications. The polymers also enhance cosmetic raw materials with an extensive product pigment distribution in color cosmetics resulting range. Worlée’s broad global reach and sourcing in pleasant aesthetics and high coverage. They strategy enable it to satisfy a great diversity of are cost-effective and easy-to-handle all-in-one customer requirements. Through its numerous polymers with numerous benefits. branches around the world, Worlée serves The products of the entire WorléeAqua Thix a diverse mix of customers and well-known line forms different levels of thickening, yield multinational companies, offering total customer-­ strength, or thixotropy depending on the oriented support. Many years ago, the company formulation, thus enabling stable suspensions of ­committed itself to the guiding principles of pigments, peeling particles, and other insoluble responsible trade and sustainable development, materials without sedimentation. priorities that have meanwhile become firmly This makes the WorléeAqua Thix line the perfect ­established in all three business divisions. supplement for the production of formulations with WorléeBeads (wax exfoliation particles), WorléeSoft Beads (active-ingredient carriers), or water-based WorléeBase pigment pastes. © Nik Merkulov/Shutterstock.com

| 2 | WorléeAqua Thix 100 WorléeAqua Thix 150 WorléeAqua Thix 200

All-in-One Solution for Color Rheology Modifier and Thickening Rheology Modifier and Thickening Cosmetics and Emulsions with Agent for Sophisticated Cleansing Agent for Low PH Cleansing Pigments Formulations Formulations

Allows to create emulsions for skin- and Can be used to create crystal-clear, Enables production of low pH (4 to 6) sun-care applications and stable stable body washes, facial cleansers, or transparent cleansing products color-intensive formulations with shampoos formulated with natural and food-grade pigments in color cosmetics High clarity at pH above 6.0 preservatives Excellent emulsion stabilization and Excellent suspension power and Excellent suspension power and suspension power at pH above 6.0 stabilization of insoluble components stabilization of insoluble components Exceptionally compatible with coated (oils, silicones, exfoliants, peeling (oils, silicones, exfoliants, peeling and uncoated pigments (mica, iron particles, beads, spheres) particles, beads, spheres) oxide, titanium dioxide) High thickening efficiency in surfactant High thickening efficiency in surfactant Stabilization and dispersion of insoluble systems and works with active systems and works with active components (oils, silicones, UV filter, surfactant levels from 5–30% surfactant levels from 5–30% pigments, beads, spheres) Synergistic thickening with salt and Synergistic thickening with salt and Offers high compatibility with a wide other acrylate-based or natural other acrylate-based or natural range of ingredients, including thickeners thickeners film formers, fragrances, and Good compatibility with a wide range of Good compatibility with a wide range of preservatives ingredients, including cationic ingredients, including cationic Convenient, easy-to-use liquid form and conditioning polymers, fragrances, and conditioning polymers, fragrances, and suitable for cold processing preservatives preservatives Reduces the necessary amount of Simple, easy-to-use liquid form and Simple, easy-to-use liquid form and emulsifiers and stabilizers required for suitable for cold processing suitable for cold processing optimum stability and texture In hydrogels, high clarity at pH above 6.0 Electrolyte tolerant and pleasant skin feel

WorléeAqua Thix 100 WorléeAqua Thix 150 WorléeAqua Thix 200

INCI Acrylates Crosspolymer Acrylates Copolymer Acrylates Copolymer Appearance Turbid liquid Turbid liquid Turbid liquid Solids (by weight) 31–33% 31–33% 31–33% pH 2.1–3.0 2.1–3.0 2.1–3.0 Viscosity < 100 mPas < 100 mPas < 100 mPas Preservative Unpreserved Unpreserved Unpreserved Use level as supplied 1–4% 1–10% 1–10% Highest clarity at pH 6.0–9.0 pH 6.0–9.0 pH 4.0–9.0 Stabilization and suspension at pH 4.0–11.0 pH 4.0–11.0 pH 4.0–11.0 © StudioSmart/Shutterstock.com

| 3 | WorléeAqua Thix – Rheology Modifier and Thickener for Personal Care

WorléeAqua Thix 100 All-in-One Solution for Color Cosmetics and Emulsions with Pigments

Emulsion Stability

WorléeAqua Thix 100 imparts very good emulsion stabilization and pigment suspension efficiency in skin-care systems. Polar and nonpolar oils can be emulsified stably and easily in the cold process.

INCI Capric/Caprylic Simmondsia Ethylhexyl Stearate Squalane Paraffinum Dimethicone C12-15 Alkyl Triglyceride Chinensis Seed Oil Liquidum Benzoate Viscosity 4 RPM [mPas] 1) 4,488 3,104 3,849 2,428 2,388 2,375 2,922 Viscosity 10 RPM [mPas] 1) 2,269 1,656 2,013 1,318 1,304 1,282 1,570 Micrograph (400× magnification)

10% oil phase; 2.5% (0.8% active) WorléeAqua Thix 100; pH 7.5 with 0.55% Sodium Hydroxide (25% in water); cold process and final homogenization for one minute with Ultra Turrax. 1) Rheometer, 25°C, Conus-Plate, 1°/40 mm

High Pigment Compatibility and Electrolyte Tolerance

WorléeAqua Thix 100 provides very good stability, suspension, and pigment dispersion in emulsions, which makes it an excellent emulsion stabilizer for sun-care applications. The micrographs show that WorléeAqua Thix 100 offers high compatibility and efficacy with electrolytes such as Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid in combination with high levels of Titanium Dioxide.

Left: with WorléeAqua Thix 100 – Right: without Micrograph (400× magnification) of emulsion with Phenylben- Micrograph (400×magnification) of emulsion with Phenylben-

WorléeAqua Thix 100 zimidazole Sulfonic Acid (PBSA), TiO2 and WorléeAqua Thix 100 zimidazole Sulfonic Acid (PBSA) and TiO2 without WorléeAqua Thix 100 Formulation and Processing

WorléeAqua Thix 100 can be added to a ­formulation at any time. If a pH value above 6.0 is set, WorléeAqua Thix 100 is active and ­thickens and stabilizes emulsions. It is both temperature-stable and can be heated up to 90°C, as well as shear stable, so that ­production with a ­rotor-stator ­mixer, disperser, bead mill, or homogenizer is ­possible. However, even low shear forces are sufficient for a good distribution since it is a liquid product. WorléeAqua Thix 100 is not freeze/thaw ­stable and should be stored between 4 and 25°C. The polymer in finished applications, ­­however, ­is ­­freeze/thaw stable. ­The product should be pumped with a low shear pump. ­Multivalent cations flocculate ­WorléeAqua Thix ­100 irreversible. The minimum shelf life is 12 months. Formulations with WorléeAqua Thix 100 such as Soft Skin Repair Cream, Anti-Aging Body Lotion, Hydrogel with Aloe Vera SoftBeads, ­Waterproof and Long-Lasting Eyeliner, Concealer, Peel-Off Mascara, Water-Based Peel-Off Nail Polish, and Liquid-Gel Eye Shadow are available on request.

| 4 | Formulation of Sun-Care Emulsion

The formulation below shows a sun-care emulsion of LSF 30 containing 1% of Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid (PBSA) and 5% of Titanium Dioxide.

Phase Ingredients % %

A Aqua q.s. to 100 Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid 1.00 1.00 Titanium Dioxide, Silica 5.00 5.00 (Eusolex T-AVO from Merck) Glycerin 3.00 3.00 Sodium Hydroxide (25% solution) 1.15 1.15 B Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane 3.00 3.00 Octocrylene 10.00 10.00 C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate 5.00 5.00 Ethylhexyl Stearate 2.00 2.00 Decyl Oleate 1.00 1.00 Cetearyl Alcohol 1.50 1.50 Glyceryl Stearate SE 1.00 1.00 C Ammonium Acrylates Copolymer 4.00 4.00 (WorléeMicromer C60/42) D WorléeAqua Thix 100 3.00 E Citric Acid (10%) q.s. to pH 6.8 F Perfume, Linalool, Limonene, Citronellol 0.15 0.15 (Fragrance Timeflight – P0225392 from Frey + Lau) Phenoxyethanol, Ethylhexylglycerin 1.00 1.00 (Microcare PEHG from Thor)

Rheometer, 20°C, Conus-Plate, 1°/40 mm, 7150 1274 10 RPM, mPas Viscosity Brookfield DV, Spindle 4, 20°C, 21815 3959 20 RPM, mPas © Maridav/Shutterstock.com

| 5 | WorléeAqua Thix – Rheology Modifier and Thickener for Personal Care

WorléeAqua Thix 150 Rheology Modifier and Thickening Agent for Sophisticated Cleansing Formulations

Performance Data in Shower Gel and in a High-Betaine Shower Gel

7,000 20 18 6,000 16 5,000 14

δ 12 4,000 tan 10 3,000

Viscosity [mPas] Viscosity 8

2,000 6 4 1,000 2 0 0 WorléeAqua Thix 150 Polymer A Polymer B Polymer C WorléeAqua Thix 150 Polymer A Polymer B Polymer C 1,358 768 1,260 637 0.18 5.01 1.78 19.17 3,688 2,291 6,825 1,744 0.17 1.35 0.35 15.00 Viscosity SLES/CAPB 10:2 Viscosity SLES/CAPB 7.2:4.8 tan SLES/CAPB 10:2 tan δ SLES/CAPB 7.2:4.8

Viscosity: Rheometer, 20°C, Conus-Plate, 1°/40 mm, 10 RPM tan δ: Rheometer, 40°C, Plate-Plate 20 mm, Gap 1 mm, 0.1 rad/s Turbidity: Photomer, Nephelometric Turbidity Unit

Only WorléeAqua Thix 150 has a tan δ below 0.3 to permanently stabilize beads and air bubbles. The tan δ of WorléeAqua Thix 150 is ­completely independent of SLES/CAPB ratio. All other products need a higher use level to achieve a tan δ below 0.3. So WorléeAqua Thix 150 is most cost effective. WorléeAqua Thix 150 has the highest viscosity of all products with SLES/CAPB ratio of 10:2. For high-betaine shower gels and a SLES/CAPB ratio of 7.2:4.8 WorléeAqua Thix 150 has the requested viscosity level. Polymer C is too viscous and obtain a ­undesirable stringy texture. The two other polymers need a higher use level or a co-thickener. WorléeAqua Thix 150 shows the best clarity and very transparent shower gels can be produced.

Formulation and Processing

WorléeAqua Thix 200 is compatible with a Add WorléeAqua Thix 150/200 to ­mixing However, WorléeAqua Thix 150/200 can also wide range of ingredients, including food- container and dilute with deionised water be added after adding all surfactants or at lat- grade preservatives, surfactants, humectants, Add surfactants while stirring er steps. If the pH value is then already above cationic polymers, oils, and salts, which Set pH-value above 6.0 with a base 6.0, WorléeAqua Thix 150/200 should be di- are commonly used in cleansing products. Add remaining ingredients luted with water before addition and added The polymer undergoes instantaneous Set the pH value to the desired value by with sufficient stirring to avoid the formation thickening and builds suspension power adding an acid or base. of gel clumps. Although this dissolves after when neutralized with a base. It is supplied WorléeAqua Thix 200 remains transparent prolonged stirring, it takes some time. as a low-viscosity easy-to-use liquid form; and clear at pH values less than 6, while WorléeAqua Thix 150/200 is not freeze/ therefore it can be incorporated directly into WorléeAqua Thix 150 gets cloudy. thaw stable and should be stored between­­ formulations and is suitable for cold process. If desired, exfoliants, peeling particles, 4 to 25°C. The product should be pumped beads, spheres, mica etc. can now be with a low shear pump. Multivalent added cations flocculate WorléeAqua Thix 150/200 ­irreversible.

| 6 | WorléeAqua Thix 200 Rheology Modifier and Thickening Agent for Low pH Cleansing Formulations

WorléeAqua Thix 200 shows a good viscosity comparable to the Acrylates Crosspolymer-4. Although the viscosity of the Acrylates Copolymer is higher, the viscosity is too high, so that removal from a packaging is hardly possible any more. Reducing the amount of Acrylates Copolymer is not an option; otherwise the tan δ would get to high. A tan δ below 0.3 means that beads and particles can be permanently suspended in suspension. WorléeAqua Thix 200 forms a sufficient yield stress while the Acrylates Crosspolymer-4 does not stabilize beads and particles adequately. The WorléeAqua Thix 200 shows the best transmittance, whereas visible opacity can be seen especially in the Acrylates Copolymer. WorléeAqua Thix 200 thus shows excellent balanced properties of transparency, thickening, and yield stress.

Performance Data in Shower Gel Formula Composition Solid content wt.% 9.0% Sodium Laureth Sulfate 3.0% Cocamidopropyl Betaine 0.5% Sodium Benzoate 2.25% Polymer

7,000 1 1 0.9 0.9 6,000 0.8 0.8 5,000 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 4,000 0.5 0.5

3,000 tan δ 0.4 0.4 Viscosity [mPas] Viscosity 2,000 0.3 % Transmittance 0.3 0.2 0.2 1,000 Rheometer Plate/Plate 20 mm, 40°C

Rheometer CP 1’/40 mm 10 RPM, 25 °C 0.1 0.1 0 0 0 WorléeAqua Acrylates Acrylates WorléeAqua Acrylates Acrylates WorléeAqua Acrylates Acrylates Thix 200 Crosspolymer-4 Copolymer Thix 200 Crosspolymer-4 Copolymer Thix 200 Crosspolymer-4 Copolymer

Viscosity [mPas] 1,464 1,052 3,535 tan δ 0.14 0.93 0.18 % Transmittance 90.9 87.1 77.3 @ 600 nm

Formulations with WorléeAqua Thix 150 such as Shower Gel with Sunflower Oil Pearls, Young Facial Scrub, Fruity and Sensitive ­Exfoliating Shower Gel – Sulfate-Free, Mild ­Exfoliating Body Scrub – Sulfate- and ­PEG-free, Purifying Peeling Mask and Hand Sanitizer, and ­formulations with WorléeAqua Thix 200 such as Orange Smoothie Scrub, Cream Care ­Shower Gel, Shower Gel – Into the Blue, and Shower Gel – Happy Spring are available on request. © Ariwasabi/Shutterstock.com

| 7 | Worlée-Chemie GmbH

Grusonstrasse 26 D-22113 Hamburg Phone: +49 (0)40 73333 0 Fax: +49 (0)40 73333 2699 [email protected] www.worlee.com

For further requests, such as a technical data sheet, specifications, product documentation, a safety data sheet, basic formulations, or testing methods, please contact our office in Hamburg. 10/2017

Any deliveries and/or services are exclusively subject to our general standard terms and conditions in their respectively valid version. We will be happy to provide you with the general standard terms and conditions upon your request and they can be downloaded online at http://www.worlee.de/GSTC.