Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress. 1966

Home , Boris Kroyt, Executive session, Frances Clarke Sayers, Fritz Eichenberg, Librarian of Congress, Louis Untermeyer

I L.C. Card 6-6273 I

The design on the couer and title page of the paperbound copies of this report and on the flyleaf and title page of the hardbound copies is from a woodblock print of the Library of Congress by Un'ichi Haratsuka, reproduced by permission of the artist. , .

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON : 1967

For sale by the Sul)rrintentlent of Documrnts. U.S. Gorernnient Printing Oficc* Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price $2.50 (cloth) Contents

Joint Committee on the Library ...... Library of Congress Trust Fund Board ...... Forms of Gifts or Bequests to the Library of Congress ...... Officers of the Library ...... Consultants of the Library ...... Librarian's Liaison Committees ...... Organization Chart ...... Letter of Transmittal ......

Introduction ...... 1 The Processing Department ...... 2 The Legislative Reference Service ...... 3 The Reference Department ...... 4 The Law Library ...... 5 The Administrative Department ...... 6 The Copyright Office ...... - Appendixes .4 1 Library of Congress Trust Fund Board. Summary of Annual Report ... 131 2 Acquisitions and Acquisitions Work ...... 133 3 Cataloging and Maintenance of Catalogs ...... 138 4 Binding ...... 146 5 Card Distribution ...... 147 6 Photoduplication ...... 153 7 Reader Services ...... 154 8 Recording Laboratory ...... 156 9 Services to the Blind ...... 157 10 Legislation ...... 158 11 Financial Statisti.cs...... 160 12 Employment ...... 178 13 Exhibits ...... -...... 179 14 Library of Congress Publications ...... 182 15 Concerts, Lectures, and Other Programs ...... 187

Index ...... 191 Joint Committee on the Library, 89th Congress, 2d Session Senator B. Everett Jordan, Chairman Representative Omar Burleson, Vice Chairman MEMBERSOF THE COMMITTEE:Senators Claiborne Pell, Joseph S. Clark, John Sherman Coopcr, and Hugh Scott; Representatives Paul C. Jones, Frank Thompson, Jr., Glenard P. Lipscomb, and Robert J. Corbett. Chief Clerk: Gordon F. Harrison. Library of Congress Trust Fund Board An act of Congress, approved March 3, 1925, as amended, created the Library of Congress Trust Fund Board, a quasi-corporation with perpetual succession and all the usual powers of a trustec, including the power to "invest, reinvest, or retain investments" and, specifically, the authority "to accept, receive, hold, and administer such gifts, bequests, or devises of property for the benefit of, or in connection with, the Library, its collections, or its services, as may be approved 'by the Board and by the Joint Committee on the Library." (U.S.C. 2: 154-163) A notable provision of the act (Section 2, last paragraph) permits endowment funds, up to a total limit of $10,000,000, to be treated as a perpetual loan to the United States Treasury, at an assured interest of four percent per annum. MEMBERSOF THE BOARDon June 30. 1966: Henry H. Fowler, Secretary of the Treasury, Chairman; Senator B. Everett Jordan, Chairman of the Joint Committee on the Library; L. Quincy Mumford, Librarian of Congress, Secretary; Benjamin Mosby McKelway (term expires March 8, 1968); and Mrs. Charles William Engelhard, Jr. (term expires March 8, 1970). Forms of Gifts or Bequests to the Library of Congress

"To the United States of America, to be placed in the Library of Congress and administered therein by the authorities thereof."

OF MONEYFOR IMMEDIATEAPPLICATION General Gift: "To the United States of America, to be deposited with the Treasurer of the United States to the credit of the Library of Congress, subject to disbursement by the Librarian of Congress." Specific Gift: "To the United States of America, to be deposited with the Trezisurer of the United States to the credit of the Library of Congress, subject to disbursement by the Librarian of Congress in furtherance of [describe purpose which may be any specific purpose consistent with the general program of the Library of Congress]." Example: Gift or Bequest to the Library Program for the Blind-"To the United States of America, to be deposited with the Treasurer of the United States to the credit of the Library of Congress, subject to disbursement' by the Librarian of Congress in furtherance of the Library Program for the Blind."

OF ENDOWMENTSOF MONEY,SECURITIES, OR OTHERPROPERTY "To the Library of Congress Trust Fund Board, to be administered for the benefit of, or in connection with, the Library of Congress, its collection, or its service." No~~.-Title 2, Section 161 of the U.S. Code provides: "Gifts or bequests or devises to or for the benefit of the Library of Gngress, including those to the 'board, and the income therefrom, shall be exempt from all Federal taxes, including all taxes levied by the District of Columbia." Officers of the Librarv

AS OF SEPTEMBER 1, 1966

OFFICE OF THE LIBRARIAN OFFICEOF FISCALSERVICES L. Quincy Mumford, Librarian of Congress Arthur Yabroff, Chief Mrs. Marlene D. Morrisey, Executive Assistant William W. Rossiter, Deputy Chief and Budget Mrs. Gladys 0.Fields, Secretary Officer Robert H. Rohlf, Coordinator of Building Plan- Richard L. Cain, Sr., Assistant Budget Officer ning (from June 27, 1966) William C. Myers, Accounting Officer John G. Lorenz, Deputy Librarian of Congress Edward L. Beaver, Assistant Accounting Officer (effective October 11, 1965) George R. Perreault, Head, Data Processing Office Ernest C. Barker, Chief Internal Auditor James A. Severn, Jr., Disbursing Officer Clarence E. Wit t,. Classification Officer Roy H. Spillers, Assistant Disbursing Officer Samuel S. Snyder, Information Systems Officer Robert W. Hutchison, Director of Personnel (effective October 18, 1965) GUARDDIVISION Mrs. Elizabeth E. Hamer, Assistant Librarian John W. Cornier, Captain of the Library's Special Herbert J. Sanborn, Exhibits Officer Police Helen-Anne Hilker, Information Officer Adoreen M. McCormick, Legislative Liaison OFFICEOF PROTECTIVESERVICES Officer John C. Murphy, Chief Sarah L. Wallace, Publications Officer

-ADMINISTRATIVE DEPARTMENT Mrs. Mildred C. Portner, Secretary of the Library Robert C. Gooch, Director Mrs. Ida F. Wilson, Assistant Secretary of the Paul L. Berry, Associate Director Library Julius Davidson, Assistant Director for Financial Management (through Dccember 30, 1965) Duard M. Eddins, Executive Officer (through Sep- tember 11, 1966) Donald C. Holmes, Chief Robert C. Sullivan, Assistant Chief i COPYRIGHT OFFICE ; Merton J. Foley, Chief I Irvin E. Boniface, Assistant Chief Abraham L. Kaminstein, Register of Copyrights George D. Cary, Deputy Register William P. Siegfried, Assistant Register (through December 30, 1965) * Barbara A. Ringer, Assistant Register (from Au- i August S. Domer, Assistant Collections Maintenance gust 1, 1966) 2 and Preservation Officer Abe A. Goldman, General Counsel 1 VI REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966

Joseph W. Rogers, Chief Mrs. Helen L. Clagett, Chief Mrs. Aubry L. Graham, Assistant Chief (through December 30, 1965) NEAREASTERN AND AFRICAN LAWDIVISION EXAMININGDIVISION Zuhair E. Jwaideh, Chief Barbara A. Ringer, Assistant Register of Copyrights for Examining (through July 31, 1966) Richard E. Glasgow, Assistant Chief LEGISLATIVE REFERENCE SERVICE Hugh L. Elsbree, Director (through February 25, 1966) Lester S. Jayson, Director (from February 28, Waldo H. Moore, Chief 1966) ; Deputy Director (through February Mrs. Marjorie G. McCannon, Assistant Chief 27, 1966) Burnis Walker, Executive Officer Charles A. Goodrum, Coordinator of Research

Luther H. Mumford, Chief (through August 1, 1965) Harry N. Stein, Chief Mrs. Cicily Osteen, Chief (from February 14, 1966) Harold R. Hooper, Assistant Chief

LAW LIBRARY Julius W. Allen, Chief John C. Jackson, Assistant Chief Lewis C. Coffin, Law Librarian and General Counsel Francis X. Dwyer, Associate Law Librarian William S. Strauss, Assistant General Cou~sel Frederick B. Arner, Chief Helen E. Livingston, Assistant Chief

William H. Crouch, Chief and Deputy General Counsel Walter H. Zeydel, Assistant Chief William C. Olson, Chief (through August 10, 1965) James G. McEwan, Librarian, Anglo-American Charles R. Gellner, Chief (from January 3, 1966) Law Reading Room Ernest S. Lent, Assistant Chief (from July 5, 1965) Robert V. Shirley, Attorney-in-Charge, Law Library in the Capitol

Merlin H. Nipe, Chief Edmund C. Jann, Chief William R. Tansill, Assistant Chief Fred Karpf, Assistant Chief

Norman A. Pierce, Chief Tao-tai Hsia, Chief Merwin C. Phelps, Assistant Chief OFFICERS OF THE LIBRARY

Barbara M. Westby, Field Director, Norway (from September 12, 1966) Tom V. Wilder, Chief Victor A. Schaefer, Field Director, West Germany (from July 20, 1966) Arnold J. Jacobius, Assistant Field Director, West SCIENCEPOLICYRESEARCH DIVISION Germany (from August 15, 1966) Edward Wenk, Jr., Chief John C. Crawford, Field Director, India Alvin Moore, Jr., Assistant Field Director, India James R. Bowman, Field Director, Indonesia 1 Hugh L. Elsbree, Chief (through February 25, (through August 22, 1966) 1966) Lena J. Stewart, Field Director, Indonesia (from Lester S. Jayson, Chief (from February 28, 1966) August 22, 1966) Harry R. Stri tman, Field Director, Israel Rodney G. Sarle, Field Director, Middle East PROCESSING DEPARTMENT David G. Donovan, Field Director, Pakistan John W. Cronin, Director William J. Welsh, Associate Director Edmond L. Applebaum, Assistant Director (from George E. Smith, Chief April 11, 1966) ; Executive Officer (through Stanley L. Enger, Assistant Chief April 10, 1966) Stephen R. Salmon, Executive Officer (from August

1 8, 1966) Thomas R. Barcus, Technical Officer Alpheus L. Walter, Chief I Mrs. Jean B. Metz, Selection Officer Elizabeth H. Harding, Assistant Chief for Adminis- Mrs. Patricia S. Hines, Head, Children's Literature I tration (through December 30, 1965) i Cataloging Office Robert B. Croneberger, Assistant Chief for Admin- Rudolf Smits, Chief, Cyrillic Bibliographic Project i istration (from January 17, l966) i Peter A. Pertzoff, Assistant Chief, Cyrillic Biblio- 1 Loran P. Karsner, Assistant Chief for Production graphic Project, and Editor, Montly Index of ,I Russian Accessions Mrs. Edna Brown Titus, Editor, Union List of Serials Projcct (project completed August 4, 1965) Mrs. Alice F. Toomey, Chief i Donald F. Jay, Coordinator of Overseas Programs Samuel Lazerow, Assistant Chief (from August 2, 1 Frank M. McGowan, Assistant Coordinator 1965, through July 3, 1966)

NATIONALPROGRAM FOR ACQUISITIONSAND CATALOGING

Gretel Mayer, Field Director, Austria (from August Benjamin A. Custer, Editor and Chief 15, 1966) Elva L. Krogh, Assistant Chief 1 1 Earl J. Pariseau, Field Director, Brazil (from

i August 1, 1966) I Jerry R. James, Field Director, East Africa (from 1 April 25, 1966) Lucile M. Morsch, Chief (through December 30, Nathalie P. Delougaz, Field Director, England 1965) i (from June 20, 1966) C. Sumner Spalding, Chief (from January 31, i Mary Marton, Assistant Field Director, *England 1966) \ (from August 15, 1966) John C. Rather, Assistant Chief Vm REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966

Jennings Wood, Chief William T. Walsh, Jr., Chief Paul E. Edlund, Assistant Chief S. Branson MarIey, Jr., Assistant Chief

Francis H. Henshaw, Chief Nathan R. Einhorn, Assistant Chief and Opera- Robert S. Bray, Chief tions Officer Charles Gallozzi, Assistant Chief Mrs. Pauline R. Bollenbacher, Selection and Pub- lications Officer Alfred Korb, Technical Adviser Mrs. Mary Ellis Kahler, Chief (through July 3, Mrs. Maxine B. Dorf, Braille Adviser 1966) Samuel Lazerow, Chief (from July 4, 1966)

Robert H. Land, Chief Johannes L. Dewton, Acting Chief (from June 28, Edward N. MacConomy, Assistant Chief 1966) Conrad C. Reining, Head, African Section (through Paul W. Winkler, Assistant Chief (from August 29, June 14, 1966) 1966) Julian W. Witherell, Head, African Section (from June 20,1966) Albert C. Stillson, Head, Arms Control and Dis- armament Bibliography Section Mrs. Helen Dudenbostel Jones, Head, Bibliography Richard S. Angell, Chief and Reference Correspondence Section Robert R. Holmes, Assistant Chief Virginia Haviland, Head, Children's Book Section Mrs. Kathrine 0. Murra, Head, International Or- ganizations Section (through January 11, 1966) George A. Schwegrnann, Jr., Chief Robert W. Schaaf, Head, International 0rg=niza- Johannes L. Dewton, Assistant Chief (through July tions Section (from January 17, 1966) 3, 1966) Peter Draz, Head, Public Reference Section Mrs. Mary Ellis Kahler, Assistant Chief (from July ( through November 26, 1965) 4, 1966) George H. Caldwell, Head, Public Reference Sec- tion (from April 11, 1966) REFERENCE DEPARTMENT GEOGRAPHYAND MAP DIVISION Roy P. Basler, Director John Lester Nolan, Associate Director Arch C. Gerlach, Chief John C. Finzi, Coordinator for-the Development and Walter W. Ristow, Associate Chief Organization of the Collections Georgella C. Hefty, Executive Officer HISPANICFOUNDATION AEROSPACETECHNOLOGY DIVISION Howard F. Cline, Director Earl J. Pariseau, Assistant Director and Editor, George A. Pughe, Jr., Chief Handbook of Latin American Studies (through William R. Dodge, Assistant Chief July 31, 1966) OFFICERS OF THE LIBRARY IX

Donald F. Wisdom, Assistant Director and Editor, Lawrence Manvick, Head, Hebraic Section Handbook of Latin American Studies (from Andrew Y. Kuroda, Head, Japanese Section August 1, 1966) Robert F. Ogden, Head, Near East Section Francisco Aguilera, Specialist in Hispanic Culture (through August 8, 1966) Cecil C. Hobbs, Head, South Asia Section

Legare H. B. Obear, Chief Ralph L. Henderson, Assistant Chief Edgar Breitenbach, Chief Joseph W. Dougherty, Head, Library Station in the Capitol Alan M. Fern, Assistant Chief Jerald Curtis Maddox, Curator for Fine Prints and Head, Processing and Curatorial Section (from July 4, 1966) John B. Kuiper, Head, Motion Picture Section David C. Mearns, Chief, and Assistant Librarian (from July 5,1965) for the American Collections Hirst D. Milhollen, Specialist in Photography Daniel J. Reed, Assistant Chief (through July 18, (through December 30,1965) 1965) Virginia Daiker, Head, Reference Section John C. Broderick, Assistant Chief (from July 19, 1965)

MUSICDIVISION Frederick R. Goff, Chief Harold Spivacke, Chief Edward N. Waters, Assistant Chief Mrs. Rae Korson, Head, Archive of Folk Song Donald Leavitt, Head, Recorded Sound Section Dwight E. Gray, Chief (through December 30, William Lichtenwanger, Head, Reference Section 1965) Robert B. Carneal, Chief Engineer, Recording Marvin W. McFarland, Chief (from January 3 1, Laboratory 1966) ; Assistant Chief (through January 30, 1966) Arthur G. Renstrom, Head, Aeronautics Section (from August 30, 1965) Arnold J. Jacobius, Head, Aerospace Medicine John F. Stearns, Chief (through April 9, 1966) - and Biology Bibliography Section (through Marvin W. McFarland, Acting Chief (from April August 15, 1966) 10,1966) George A. Doumani, Head, Cold Regions Bibliog- Charles E. McCabe, Assistant Chief raphy Section J. Burlin Johnson, Head, Reference and Library Services Section (from July 5, 1965, through October 8, 1965) Horace I. Poleman, Chief (died November 6,1965) David E. Sparks, Head, Reference and Library Warren M. Tsuneishi, Chief (from July 1, 1966) Services Section (from February 28, 1966) Edwin G. Beal, Jr., Assistant Chief (from July 1, Clement R. Brown, Head, Special Bibliographies 1966) ; Acting Chief (from November 22, Section 1965, through June 30, 1966) ;Head, Chinese and Korean Section (through November 21, 1965) K. T. Wu, Head, Chinese and Korean Section Charles G. LaHood, Jr., Chief (from August 1, 1966) John H. Thaxter, Assistant Chief S REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS BRANCH, GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE Sergius Yakobson, Chief Paul L. Horecky, Assistant Chief Ray R. Funkhouser, Manager George E. Perry, Curator, Slavic Room PERMANENT COMMITTEE FOR THE OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES DEVISE Dudley B. Ball, Chief (from August 2, 1965) ; As- sistant Chief (through August 1, 1965) L. Quincy Mumford, Librarian of Congress, Chair- Roland C. Maheus, Assistant Chief (from October man, ex officio 11, 1965) Jefferson B. Fordham, Dean, University of Penn- Robert V. Gross, Supervisor, Microfilm Reading sylvania Law School Room Harry H. Ransom, Chancellor, University of Texas Frederick D. G. Ribble, Dean Emeritus, University of Virginia Law School (to February 11, 1966) COMMITTEE TO SELECT PRINTS Ethan A. H. Shepley, Chancellor Emeritus, Wash- FOR PURCHASE UNDER THE PEN- ington University NELL FUND Herbert \Vechsler, Columbia University Law School (from h4ay 27, 1966) Fritz Eichenberg, Rudy 0. Pozzatti, Edgar Breiten- Mrs. Elizabeth F. Hamer, Assistant Librarian, in bach (es officio) charge, Administrative Office for the Devise Consultants of the Library

CONSULTANT IN POETRY IN Elmer Rice (through March 14, 1966) ENGLISH John Steinbeck (through March 14, 1966) Louis Untermeyer Stephen Spender (through June 15, 1966) Robert Penn Warren (from March 16, 1966) James Dickey (from Septembcr 6, 1966) Reed Whittemore

ENGLISHBIBLIOGRAPHY HONORARY CONSULTANTS Arthur A. Houghton, Jr.

ENGLISHLITERATURE Charles A. Lindbergh Stephen Spender (from July 1, 1966)

HISTORICALCARTOGRAPHY Clara E. LeGear Jay Broadus Hubbell Howard Mumford Jones Floyd Stovall (from January 1, 1966)

Stephan George Kutncr

Avery 0. Craven Ralph M. Gabriel (from January 1, 1966) Lawrence H.Gipson Waldo Gifford Leland (died October 19, 1966) .4rthur Meier Schlesingcr (died October 30, 1965)

Saul Bellow (through March 14, 1966) Myron B. Smith Catherine Drinker Bowen Katherine Garrison Chapin (from March 16, 1966) NEAREASTERN BIBLIOGRAPHY Babette Deutsch Robert F. Ogden (from August 9, 1966) Richard Eberhart Ralph Ellison (from March 16, 1966) TYPOGRAPHYAND DESIGN Howard Nemcrov Katherine Anne Porter Warren W. Ferris (died June 1, 1966) Librarian s Liaison Lommittees

Foster E. Mohrhardt, Chairman-elect (1965-66) and Chairman ( 1966-67), Association of Re- search Libraries, President-elect ( 1966-67), Julian P. Boyd, Editor, The Papers of Thomas American Library Association Jeflerson Rutherford D. Rogers, Chairman-elect (from Frederick H. Burkhardt, President, American Coun- January 23, 1966), Association of Research cil of Learned Societies Libraries Lyman H. Butterfield, Editor, The Adams Papers Pendleton Herring, President, Social Science Re- James E. Skipper, Executive Secretary, Association of Research Libraries search Council Alleen Thompson, President (until June 1, 1966) Walter Muir Whitehill, Director and Librarian, , Special Libraries Association Boston Athenaeum Robert Vosper, President (until July 15, 1966), Louis B. Wright, Director, Folger Shakespeare American Library Association Library Bill M. Woods, Executive Secretary, Special Li- braries Association

Verner W. Clapp, President, Council on Library William 0.Baker, Vice President, Research, Bell Resources, Inc. Telephone Laboratories David H. Clift, Executive Director, American Fred R. Cagle, Vice President, Tulane University Library Association Robert Mario Fano, Department of Electrical Engi- Edward G. Freehafer, Chairman (until January neering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 23, 1966), Association of Research Libraries Frederick Seitz, President, National Academy of Mary V. Gaver, President-elect (1965-66) and Sciences President ( 1966-67), American Library Asso- Don R. Swanson, Dean, Graduate Library School, ciation University of Chicago Frank E. McKenna, President (from June 1, 1966), Alan T. Waterman, former Director, National Special Libraries Association Science Foundation

XII Organization Chart

AS OF SEPTEMBER 1, 1966

I C:HIEF IhTEKNAl. - EXHIBITS AUDITOK - LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS ASSISTANT OFFICE - - I DEPUTY LIBRARIAN OF COKGRESS LIBRARIAN (:IASSIFI('.\'TI~S - OFFI(:I: I ISFOKMATIOS - OFFICE INFoK~~XS~OS SYSTEhtS - 0FFlC:l: PUB1 I('ATl0SS OFFICE OF THl - t iFl lc'E COORDINATOR 01' - BIfILDlN(; PWNNINC;

Adminirtrati\-c Olkr lor Ihc PEKSONNEI. - Prrmancnt Cmittrr for thc OFF1C:E - Olivcr \Vcndrll Holmn biu 1 I I I I 1 ADS~INISI'MI'IVE C:OPYRIGHl' OFFICE LAW LIBRARY LE(;ISIATIVE REF- PK(X:ESSISG KEFERES(:t DEI'ARThlEhT EKEXCE SERVICE DEP.ARThIE.4;T DEPAKT%IE.\I' Olhcc d lhc Dircctor Otticc d Ihc Kqistcr Oftict. ol the LI\ Off~cor Ihc Dircctor Ofict. of thr Dirt~tot Oltu-cuf thc IXrrrtur Buildinqr and (iruunds Cataloqing Division Librarian and (;rnrr;ll zhrican Law Division C:hildrtn'. Litrrdtu~t. .\mparr Tcrht~~dng Division ~xami;~ingDivision ('n~~nrl Economics Diviuon C:~t.tlginc Olhrv Division (;uard Division Kcfcrrncc Division hmcriran-British Law Eduration and Pul~lir , 1,,,,1,11, 1)ckn-c Kcvarrh Divisiol~ Olf~cof (hllcctio~a .Scn.irc Division Division \Vcllarc Diviuon Proj~rt I)i\isicw~ftsr tltt. Blir~d~ncl hlaintcnanrc and Eumpan Law Divisit~lr Forri~nAlTain Division OHict. of tht. C~BIII~. Phi*ir:tll\ H.tndir:tl~p~l Pmavation Far Fastcrn 1-l~ (hvcrnmcnt and C;cncral 11.ttor111 Ch~nr.t~ Gcnrral Rclrrcncc and OFKCof Fiscal Scrvico Division Rrvarch Dividon Prrnr.~n~> Bit~liuqraphyDivisio~~ Accwntinq Olfic Hispanic La\\.Dividon Lil~ranScrvirn Division OHin II~thv h.lvrticrt hraphyand %lap Bud~ctOllirr Srar Fastrrn and Afriran Satural Hmrrn 0Hir0.1 I)ivi,ion Data Pmrrunq Olhrr law Division Division Bindins Division Hi'panir Foundation Disl~urrinqOlfic Scirnrc Pc~liryKwarrh (ad Division I AHII Division Olfir of Prutrrtivr Division Catalw Slaintmanrc .%im Srnior Spccirli

Letter of Transmittal

The President of the Senate: The Speaker of the House of Representatives:

SIR: I have the honor to submit, as required by law, a report on the Library of Congress, including the Copyright Office, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1966. It is accompanied by the four issues of the supplement, published for the convenience of the public as the Quarterly Journal of the Library of Congress, and a copy of the annual report of the Library of Congress Trust Fund Board. L. QUINCYMUMFORD Librarian of Congress THELIBRARYOF CONGRESS Washington, D.C.

Introduction

F ALL THE STRANGE CONVENTIONS that 13,767,000 volumes and pamphlets man has established, one of the 28,118,000 manuscripts strangest is the use of a measure of 3,003,000 maps time as a measure of progress. In our day 3,248,000 volumes and pieces of music this has reached its fullest expression in the 184,000 recordings on disc, tape, or report-weekly, monthly, annual. But the wire work of a business, a government, or a library 1,783,000 photographic n e g a t i v e s, does not begin on July 1 and end promptly prints, and slides at close of day on the following June 30. That 177,000 prints and drawings is why this introduction is not confined to a 38,200 posters rigid 365-day period but rather, with a lati- 86,100 motion picture reels tude not found in the sis chapters of the re- 12,300 microfiche port itself, moves well into the first half of 279,000 micro-opaques fiscal 1967 to record the completion of some 224,000 reels and strips of microfilm programs and significant developments in 155,000 reels of microfilmed news- others. papers Statistically, however, the report covers the 146,000 bound volumes of newspapers precise span of the fiscal year. During that and, for the blind, 1,038,000 volumes in raised time a computerized count of over 3,100 col- charactcrs, 1,031,000 containers of talking lections in more than 101,000 boses enabled books, and 10,200 volumes on ma,gnetic tape. the Library of Congress to assess the holdings Libraries do not, however, collect materials of the Manuscript Division with an accuracy to stand on thc shelves. Books, manuscripts, never before possible. The count resulted in maps, pictures, prints, music, newspapers, pean upward revision of the number of manu- riodicals-the thoughts of other minds and scripts in the Library at the close of fiscal 1965 other times-are preserved to nourish the to 27,960,000 and the number of materials in minds of those who usc them. And the Li- all forms in the Library as a whole to brary of Conqress was used during fiscal 1966. 53,3 11,000. Over 2,19 1,000 items were brought from the This figure was increased during the fiscal shelves for readers in the various reading year by the addition of 1,555,000 items and rooms. As a center of research the Library on June 30, 1966, the count of pieces in the of Cong~essis not a circulating library. As collections of the Nation's library stood at the Congressional library, however, it lent 54,289,000. Included in this staggering total 91,200 pieces for Congressional use in the last are : fiscal year, and as the national library it lent

Visitors from Canada and Australia leave the Library. The portico of the Supreme Court Building is visible over the Library steps. 2 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966 82,300 pieces to Government libraries within in 2,158 nen- or reactivated subscriptions. the District of Columbia and 32,200 to other Approsinlately 19,000 libraries, firms, and in- libraries in every State of the Union and in dividuals bought 63,214,000 cards, 3 percent countries around the world from Finland to more than in fiscal 1965. The amount de- Southern Rhodesia, Costa Rica to Australia, posited in the miscellaneous receipts of the Hong Kong to Belgium. Total loans came United States Treasury from the sale of cards to 247,000, about 9 percent nlore than in the and technical publications amounted to previous year. In addition, through 32 re- $5,046,000, or 123 percent of the appropria- gional ccnters, 1 10,000 visually handicapped tion for the distribution of catalog cards. readers borrowed 4,469,000 units of material For the first time in 14 years the number of in braille, on discs, or on magnetic tape. copyright registrations dropped-from 294,- FIrhile statistics have their uses, no figures 000 in fiscal 1965 to 287,000. The new regis- can show the human and intellectual need, the tration fees authorized by Public Law 89-297 adventure of the search, the disappointments caused a rush of applications before the effec- of false trails, the thrill of discovery that un- tive date, November 26, 1965. On Monday, derlie the Library's reference questions. In November 22, the Copyright Office received the circumstances that prompted a question 3,774 pieces of mail, an all-time record. Ex- and the use that will be made of the answer perience with the fee change in 1948 had led lies the true story of the Library's work. No to predictions of a 10- to 15-percent drop in way, however, has been found to measure registrations under the new schedule. The these intangibles but numbers can still be tal- decrease, ho\vever, \vas only 2.3 percent. lied, making it possible to report that of the Gross receipts for fees and related services 882,000 reference inquiries received by the came to $1,624,000. Applied fees turned Library, esclusive of requests received by the over to the Treasury totaled $1,446,000. Legislative Reference Senice, 43 percent were Therefore, from the sale of cards and tech- answered by telephone and 17 percent by let- nical publications, applied copyright fees, and ter. Over 300 bibliographies containing other sources, a total of $6,530,000 was de- 65,200 entries were prepared by the Reference posited in the miscellaneous receipts of the Department, the Law Library, and the Proc- Treasury, almost one-fourth of the direct ap- essing Department. In addition, requests propriation to the Library for fiscal 1966. from Members of Congress and Congressional Another card service was added to the co~nmitteesanswered by the Legislative Ref- many offered by the Library with the appear- erence Service rose 17 percent over fiscal 1965 ance just before the close of fiscal 1966 of to a total of 117,000. Every Member of the annotated cards for children's literature. House, every Member of the Senate, and every Fiscal 1967 should provide a good period of Congressional committee made use of the testing and experience for both the Library Service during fiscal 1966. Telephone re- and the users of the cards. Feedback from quests from Members of Congress or Congres- the latter will enable the former to produce sional committees received by other depart- cards best adapted to consumer needs. rnents of the Library numbered 115,000. To expedite the delivery and broaden the use of the Library of Congress classification National Program- for Acquisitions schedules and lists of subject headings, the and Cataloging Card Division in November 1965 took over from the Superintendent of Documents their "Internasjonalt katal~~iseringsprosjekt," sale and distribution. Information kits, sent "catalogage participation," "amerikanske to 7,200 institutions and individuals, resulted k~n~ressbiblioteket,''"Library of Congress INTRODUCTION

Bibliographical Service," "katalogkort," "en- For more than 60 years the Library of Con- voi d'office," "fiche," "die Amerikaner," gress has helped to reduce this wasteful dupli- "Title 11," "samarbeidsprosjekt," "shared cation by sharing its cataloging with other li- cataloging," "Library of Congress"-these and braries through the distribution of printed other phrases came from many tongues in cards. Even though over 63 million cards many countries as the Library launched one of were sold last year, the Library of Congress the most gigantic and most comprehensive co- and other research libraries of the United operative programs ever attempted by the States were far from satisfied. Coverage of library world. But today no self-respecting books in English published in other parts of the venture can introduce itself to the public with- world was not complete and that of foreign out an acronym. To reduce this worldwide language titles was far from satisfactory. Col- operation to pronounceable shorthand, the lege and university libraries buy heavily in term NPAC (en-pac) was coined to denote these categories and it was estimated that they National Program for Acquisitions and could obtain LC cards promptly for only a Cataloging, the responsibility entrusted to the little over half the books they acquired each . Library of Congress by Title 11-C of the year. Higher Education Act of 1965. Although still The ansiver to the problem was found in an infant, the program has already been hailed Public Law 89-239, the Higher Education by one Southeastern librarian as "the most Act of 1965. Under Title 11, Part C, the momentous and far-reaching development in Librarian of Congress is given the responsi- the library world since Melvil Dewey con- bility of acquiring insofar as possible all library ceived the unit card and the Library of Con- materials currently published throughout the gress began to provide catalog cards to other world which are of value to scholarship, of libraries." cataloging them promptly after receipt, and NPAC often carries an apt subtitle-the of distributing bibliographic information Shared Cataloging Program-apt because it through printed catalog cards or by other tneans not only that the Library of Congress means. shares its cataloging staff and expertise even To the extent that funds are appropriated more widely than it has in the past, but also for it, the new program wiil enable the Library that other libraries in the United States and of Congress to accelerate .the acquisition and bibliographers and libraries abroad are co- the cataloging of the newly published mate- operating in this ivorldwide effort to coordi- rials selected for its own collections. Catalog nate the organization of library materials for cards should be ready for distribution within use. 3 to 4 weeks after the receipt of the materials. Librarians have long been concerned about Also the Library of Congress will be able to the duplication of original cataloging in librar- purchase copies of current publications ac- ies throughout the Nation, which, like all quired by other research libraries and to give duplication, is a waste of manpower and this material the same priority cataloging, with money. As the amount of important research printed catalog cards available 3 or 4 weeks after the book arrives in the Library. As- materials produced throughout the world in sisting in this program are about 90 cooper- many languages has increased and the sup- ating libraries who receive depository sets of ply of trained, qualified catalogers has dimin- cards and ivho report their orders for titles ished, the problem has reached critical pro- that the Library of Congress has not cataloged. portions. To bring a mounting number of Faced with the anticipated increase in the publications under control and make them acquisition of foreign titles, the shortage of accessible to the \vaiting user within a reason- trained catalogers, and the accelerated pro- able time becomes more and more difficult. cedures required by the legislation, the Library considered the feasibility of using the entries responsible for the bibliographies to supply the in other national bibliographies as aids to cata- Library of Congress with copy for the entries loging. This possibility \\.as explored at a con- in advance of publication. ference in London on January 13, 1966, It was almost a case of no sooner said than attended by the national librarians and the done. In less than 3 months the first experi- producers of the current national bibliogra- ment in shared cataloging was under way in phies of England, France, West Germany, London. The first group of cards produced Nonvay, and Austria. Not only was it agreed through this arrangement was printed' during that it was desirable for the Library of Con- the week of April 15, 1966. The prototype gress to use for cataloging purposes the operation established in England went into descriptions of books listed in the national full production on June 24 when the control bibliographies of these countries and of those file built up at LC was moved to London and other countries where adequate bibliographies an officer on the Library's staff wai-stationed exist, but that it was also feasible for those there to coordinate the acquisitions and cataloging programs. ~Mean~vhile,with proof that the plan was an eminently workable one, representatives of the Library visited Norway, West Germany, Aus- tria, and France. As this report goes to press, in addition to the one in London, offices to direct the operations set in motion by the Higher Education Act have been opened in Austria, France, Norway, and West Germany. Regional acquisitions offices have been opened in Brazil and Kenya. Because of the enthusiasm of Sir Frgnk Francis, President of the International Fed- eration of Library Associations, and the widespread interest in the shared cataloging aspects of the Title 11-C program, IFLA scheduled a special session on it during the conference at The Hague, September 12-1 7, 1966. A conference was held in Vienna immediately fsllowing IFLA to explore with representatives of East European national libraries and national bibliographies the possibility of is hoped, appropriate arrangements will be their cooperating in the Shared Cataloging made with other countries which publish a Program. Arranged at LC's request by the national bibliography. Director-General of the Austrian National The Library also carries on active pro- Library, Josef Stummvoll, the conference was grams in India, Indonesia, Israel, the United attended by several officials of the Library of Arab Republic, and Pakistan with appropria- Congress and by the directors of the national tions made possible by Public Law 83-480, as libraries or bibliographic institutes of Bulgaria, amended, or as it is kno\vn in the library Czechoslovakia, I-Iungary, Poland, Rumania, world, P.L. 480. Since January 1962 close to and Yugoslavia. All those present expressed 6 million publications have been shipped to an interest and a ~villingness to cooperate if American librarie's and research centers the necessary individual arrangements can be through offices in these five countries. Funds worked out. Follo\ving the Vienna meeting, for fiscal 1967 provide for extension of the further conferences were held in Czechoslo- program to Poland and Yugoslavia and, on a vakia, Yugoslavia, Poland, and the USSR. limited basis, to Ceylon. With the two pro- As time and money allow, discussions in re- grams-P.L. 480 and NPAC-the Library of gard to shared cataloging will be held and, it Congress has become the center of the inter- REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966

national interlibrary eschange of cataloging information and for the acquisition of materials from several countries for many U.S. libraries. To produce the printed catalog cards in time to meet the specified schedules a second shift Ivas instituted at the branch of the Gov- ernment Printing Office it~hichproduces the cards. The Processing Department has established a nelv division for shared cataloging to im~lementNP.AC, partially staffed with present LC employees but for which others---especially persons ~vithforeign-language competence-are being recruited as rapidly as possible. The figurative Help Wanted sign on the Library of Congress door is a very real one in the minds of most LC officials as the impact of the program grolvs. \Vhat the full impact ivill be on the library u-orld and on the 11-orld of scholarship is only now being realized. Some librarians, both here and abroad, are already forecasting a complete revision of their processing operations. Scholars will be discovering through library catalogs 11e11- and continually increasing resources for research. In almost all developed countries, our oivn included, the early availability of Library of Congress cataloging and students and \t?ill increase efficiency in information will be of untold assistance to li- Inany aspects of publishing, librarianship, and brarians, publishers, book dealers, scholars, research.

Left: Stephen Spender and W.H. Auden it2 the Library's Poetry Room, furnished by the late Mrs. Gertrude Clarke Whittall.

Above: Language is no barrier to poetry lovers. The American audience that heard Andrei

Right: Gregory Peck, zoho cam-e to discuss uses of the Library's motion picture collection, en- =' -2 T'.T'F<,-C"f "97" &*22-n14>r.Ji joyed looking at the film itself. INTRODUCTION Special Events tion. Mr. Peck not only displayed a lively interest in having LC's collections more widely "March . . . goes out lvith a peacock's tail" used by students of the film-making art but \\.rote the cssayist, and the last iveek of March was also diverted by the titles of the early mo- 1966 jlroved his \vorcls by displaying a brilliant tion pictures, originally deposited in the Li- array of people and programs at the Library. brary as paper prints and now converted to the 5 clays representing in cal~sulcthe color safety film. The ~veekended with a concert and variety found in a year's ~~rograrnsat the in the Coolidge Auditorium, the Juilliard Library. The \\.cck opened on March 28 String Quartet playing Haydn, Schoenberg, ~vitha luncheon in honor of W. H. Auden. Two other poets ~vereamong the guests- Stej~henSpcnclcr, the Library's Consultant in Poetry in English, and George MacBeth, who is associated ~vith the British Broadcasting Corporation's poetry programs. That evening the people who could not get into the cro~vdccl Coolidge Auditorium to hear Mr. Audcn overflowed into the MThittall Pavilion, sitting on the floor when the supply of chairs ran out, content to hear the voice of the un- seen poct on the public address system. The nest night, Anclrci Voznescnsky, the popular young Russian poet, recited each of his poems after a translation in English had been read by the American poet, J4Tilliarn Jay Smith. The auditorium hat1 been filled an hour before the program started, and eager listeners filled the snack bar in the Main Building, which the Library had fitted out with 300 seats and a public address system. At the conclusion of his formal ~~rogramin the auditorium, Mr. Vozncsensky made his way to this listening outpost ancl read thrce additional poems. On Thursday, March 31, Hcnnann Zapf, calligral~herand type clcsigncr from Frank- furt-am-A~fain,visited the Library, lunching \\?ith officials of the Library and the Govern- ment Printing Ofice and participating in a lively discussion of printing and typography. MI.. Zapf is the designer of more than 50 typefaces and has lvritten estensively on typography. Crcgory Pcck, a member of the National Council on the Arts, and David C. Stewart, director of cdiicational j~rogramsfor the National Endoivlnent for the Arts, came to the Library on Friday morning, spending more than an hour in the Motion Picture Sec- 8 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966

A4rs. Van Sinderen's daughter, Mrs. Donald Henry, Congressman John S. Monagan of Connecticut, the Librarian, Alrs. Adrian Vun Sinderen, and her son Alfred at the presentation of the Bay Psalm Book. and Iiavel 011 the Stradivari instruments pre- Library during the fiscal year is given in sented to the Library by the late Gertrude appendis 15. Clarke Whittall. One notable event of the year had its be- The 98th anniversary of Mrs. Whittall's ginnings three centuries before. birth was marked on October 7, 1966, by a Stephen Daye, locksmith-turned-printer, lllemorial concert of her favorite music. printed the Bay Psalm Book in Cambridge, Rlembers of the Juilliard String Quartet Mass., in 1640. On a Monday morning in played Beethoven, Brahrns, and Schoenberg Rlay 1966 Mrs. Adrian Van Sinderen of on the Stradivari instruments. Assisting \,lrashington, Conn., the owner of the last copy artists were MraIter TrampIer, viola, and Les- in private hands, placed the precious volume lie Parnas, \~iol~nccllo.The program \vas in the custody of the Library. Mrs. Van sponsored by the Whittall Foundation. The Sindcren retains ownership of the book dur- preceding evening, before a lecture by ing her lifetime but will bequeath it to the Katherine Anne Porter sponsored by the Library of Congress for the people of the Whittall Poetry and Literature Fund, a brief Nation. This copy of the first book printed tribute was paid to Mrs. Whittall and to her in thc English colonies of which a copy is generous gifts to the Library that her interest known to esist, Tflc Whole Booke of Psalmes in literature might be shared with others. Fnithlully Translated Into English Metre, is A complete list of the lectures, concerts, one of five with the original binding. It lacks symposia, and other programs offered by the the titlc page and sevcral leaves, as do t1t.o INTRODUCTION

others of the five. Six of the 11 surviving thc Library of Congress. The last link in the copies of the first edition are complete. TWO chain of events begun by John Quincy Adams are described as perfect. Gifts to the Na- in the 18th ccnti~nwas reached on May 20, tion's library from countless generous donors 1966, at a luncheon in the Whittall Pavilion are mcntioned throughout the report and are when officials and archivists of the USSR, described in greater detail in the Quarterly hcadccl by His Excellency Anatoliy F. Do- .lo~~rtzalof the Library of Congress. brynin, Ambassador of the USSR to the Estraordinary-as its name indicated- United States. accepted from the Librarian was the Extraordinary Congress of thc Inter- of Congrcss ~nicrofiln~cclmaterials from the national Council on Archives convened in Ada~nsfamily archivcs in the Massachusetts \Yashington on May 9. Centering on the Historical Society and copies of each of the theme "Archives for Scholarship-Encour- indeses to the papers of the Presidents pre- aging Greater Ease of Access," it brought pared and published to date by the Library. archivists from around the world to the Na- Following the luncheon, LC officials discussed tion's capital. Many of the delegates visited with Ghennady Belov, Chief, Main Archives the Library of Congress singly or in groups, Board, USSR Council of Ministers, and Igor pursuing special interests. The group as a Zemskov, Director, Historical Diplomatic De- whole was invited by the Library for a tour partment, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the followed by a reception in the Whittall Pavil- continuation of such eschanges between the ion on May 12. Shortly after the close of the Libra? of Congress and institutions in the Congress, an important eschange of micro- USSR. Original source materials in other films for historical research took place at the U.S. institutions are of interest in the USSR Library. and the Library agreed, when arrangements can be made, to coordinate such eschanges. It was agreed that materials exchanged might Manuscripts on Microfilm be freely copied and published. Quite different from this exchange but a John Quincy Adams visited Russia in the most important step in increasing the useful- period 1781-82 at the age of 14. Later, in ness and availability of manuscript resources 1809, he was sent to St. Petersburg as Minister to scholars \\-as the establishment in the Li- to Russia. Almost 200 years later, Lyman brary of the Center for the Coordination of H. Butterfield, editor-in-chief of Thc Adanzs Foreign Manuscript Copying during the fiscal Palers, followed him, seeking materials per- year. This step was made possible through a taining to Adams in the archives and libraries grant of $75,300 from the Council on Library of the USSR. In the Archive of the Foreign RCSOU~CCS,Inc. Policy of Russia Mr. Butterfield selected 2,400 A 10-man advisory committee representing pagcs of materials on Russian relations with the Nation's principal learned swieties and the United States from 1809 to 1814, which major resmrch libraries will provide general ~vouldbe valuable for historical research in leadership and enlist the cooperation of mem- this country. When making requests for pho- ber groups in advancing the work of the cen- tocopies he indicated that the microfilms ter. Appointed by the Librarian of Congress were not only for his own use but would be to serve on the committee are: placed in an institution where they would be available to other scholars. The microfilmed Whitfield J. Bell, Jr., librarian, American materials provided by the Historical Diplo- Philosophical Society matic Department in the USSR Ministry of Frederick Burkhardt, president, Ameri- Foreign Affairs were subsequently placed in mn Council of Learned Societies REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966

Leslie W. Dunlap, director of libraries, the American Council of Learned Societies University of Iowa Libraries, rcpre- with a grant from the Council on Library senting the Association of Rcsrarcli Resources, Inc., comniissioned a survey of Libraries American photocopying activities, which was Merlc Fainsod, director of libraries, Har- conducted by Lester K. Born. The results vard University, representing the were in the September 1964 issue of Social Science Research Coi~ncil Publicatiotzs of tlzc Modern Language Asso- Richard 1.V. Leopold. William Smith Ma- ciation (vol. 79, no. 4, part 2). In 1961, son professor of American history, again with assistance from the Council on North.rvestcrn University Library Resources, the Library of Congress Allan Nevins, senior research associate, called a conference of representatives of re- Henry E. Huntington Library search institutions and learned societies on the Roy F. Nichols, vice provost and dean, same problem. Univcrsity of Pennsylvania, and Because the Library of Congress is the na- 1)rcsident of the American Histori- tional bibliographic center of the United cal Association States and has had its o\\-n foreign copying Frederick Seitz, president, National Acad- programs since 1905 the conference of 1961 cmy of Sciences recommended it as the practical location for a Herniann Weigand, Sterling professor coordinating program. emeritus of German literature, Yale University, and president of the Modern Language Association Publications

The late IValdo G. Leland, Honorary Con- One of 14 swtepstzkcs a\vards for highest sultant to the Library of Congress in the His- escellence, presented by the Federal Editors tory of International Intellectual Relations, Association in the third annual Government served on the committee until his death on Publications Contest, went to the Quarterly October 19, 1966. Journal of thc Library of Congress. Among With the advice of the committee, the cen- the 51 additional a~varcls,two were won by ter ~vill\\-ark Ivith American libraries, univer- other Library p~iblications:Nevada, tlzc Cen- sities, learned societies, and Government agen- tennial of Statelrood in the category of popular cies to: publications in a series, and Thc Rarc Book Division: a Guidc to Its Collections and Serv- Identify estensive photocopying ~)rojects ices for the layout of facing pages. which have been completed, are un- Vice President Hubert H. Humphrey, der way, or are planned speaker at the awards luncheon on June 15, Record the location of existing photo- 1966, told his au,dience : copies for the information of scholars Assist kmerican institutions in learning Happiness is an editor who puts out a high-quality 'lrhat mantiscripts can be photo- publication to an appreciative audience. And an copied in foreign libraries and ,udie,ce is as appreciative- - as the product that archives comes to it. Businessmen know that. And happi- Suggest priorities of materials to be cop- ness is a citizen that reads a Federal publication and ied by one or by se\reral understands it, enjoys it, and is encouraged by what institutions his Federal Govcrnment is doing.

In 1960, follo\ving discussions of the need The Vice President challenged the editors for coordination of 'photocopying programs, by his assertion : INTRODUCTION

You're competing with the best. And if you want tained in the second edition, 1943, the first what you've written to be read by the people in the supplement, 1945, and the second supplement, agency for which you have some responsibility, 1953, together with selected new titles and you're going to have to compete with the finest holdings up to the first issue of New Serial commercial publications in America. Titles, issued periodically by the Library of Library publications are competing honor- Congress and listing serials published since ably with their peers. Four were included in 1950. As hTew Serial Titles will keep the the semiannual lists of selected reference books third edition of the Union List of Serials up published in January and July 1966 in Collcge to clatc, and thc cost of preparing a new edi- and Research Libraries. They were Nezus- tion ~vouldbe exorbitant, it seems improbable Papers of East Central and Sozctheastert2 that a fourth edition will ever be undertaken. Europe in the Library of Congrcss edited by To enable the third edition of the Union Robert G. Carlton, National Union Catalog- List of Serials to survive long years of hard Register of Additional Locations, Nntio7zal usage, it has been printed on permanent/dur- Register of Microform Masters, and the able paper \vith low acidity and good tear re- Union List of Serials itz Libraries of tlzc sistance and folding endurance. United States and Canada, third edition. The first edition, published by H. W. Wilson More than 6 years in preparation, the third in 1927 in cooperation with the American edition of the Union List of Serials in Li- Library Association, contained 1,580 pages, braries of thc U7zitcd Statcs and Canada Ivas 75?000 titles, and locations of holdings in 225 published on February 1, 1966. The 5-vol- major North American libraries. The second ume, 4,649-page work, listing 156,499 serial edition, published by Wilson in 1943, con- titles in 956 North American libraries, was tained 3,065 pages, 115,000 titles, and loca- made possible through an original grant of tions in 650 libraries. $244,651, plus a supplementary grant of The final report of the Joint Committee, $25,326, both from the Council on Library issued on June 10, 1966, gave the historical Resources, Inc. Con~pilationof the work was background of union lists of serials and the carried out under a contract between the Li- scope and characteristics of the third edition. brary of Congress and the Joint Committee It emphasized the importance of profession- on the Union List of Serials, Inc., a nonprofit ally trained personnel and the difficulty of corporation representing 13 library associa- arriving at accurate ad\?ance cost estimates for tions and bibliographical institutions in the a project of this size estending over a period United States and Canada. Mrs. Edna Brown of years. Titus, now retired from the Library, served as TO bring the price of the 5-year cumulation editor. At the direction of the Joint Commit- of Nezw Serial Titles, covering the years 1961 tee, Balding & Mansell, the English printers to 1965, ~vithinthe reach of libraries hitherto of the British Museum Catalogu,e, were chosen unable to fit it into their budgets and to allow as manufacturers. The H. W. Wilson Com- other libraries to buy more than one set, the pany, New York, published the work. R. R. Boivker Company and the Arno Pub- When the manuscript was shipped to Lon- lishing Company combined forces. The price don it filled nine large trunks. As the press- of $38.35 for the 3-volume set, scheduled for work was completed, the work was shipped publication in the spring of 1967, was an- in folded sheets, volume by volume, to the nounced in February 1966. Meantime the Wilson Conlpany for binding in its New York effectiveness of the monthly New Serial Titles City plant. came under study. Shortly after the close of The third edition incorporates in a single fiscal 1966, a grant of $9,500 from the Coun- alphabet the entries and information con- cil on Library Resources, Inc., enabled the 12 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 19 66

Joint Colnmittce on the Union List of Serials, ment bore a modest notice on the front cover Tnc., to launch a consumer survey to gather announcing that it was the first cumulation infor~~!ationon the basic questions of serial "to be prepared by the automated techniques control and ~~ossiblesolutions. No study of being used for the seventh edition and the this type had been undertaken since 1953. second to be set by photocomposition." It The first copies of the biggest book yet pro- \t7enton to say that the new headings had been diiced by the Government Printing Office 111it on tape and merged with the tape of the through use of com~~utcrsand ~~l~otocompo-January issue to produce a cumulated tape sition \\.ere clclivcred on October 13, 1966. from \\-hi& the composing machine set the shortly after the close of the fiscal )car. This issue. The same technique was used for later lvas the 1,440-11age Stt bject Hradings Used in su~~plements,the year's output presenting in thc Dictiotrary Catalogs of the Library of miniature the manner in which the eighth and Congress. Espcrimental ~vorkon this mam- subsequent editions of Subject Headings will moth undertaking began in June 1963. Corn- be produced. The seventh edition, which plcted, the \vork represents a triumph of admittedly required experimentation as well cooperation. Bct\veen its red covers are the as the building of the master file, took about results of the reasoning, reflection, rumination, 177 hours of computer time and 941 of nhoto- research, and representations of the staff of co~npositiontiple. With thc new highspeed LC's Subject Cataloging Division in their electronic phototypesetting machine, GPO daily struggle to bring the onslaught of ideas officials say that the same thing could be from millions of printed pages into some kind produced \\.it11 8 hours of computer time and of ordcrccl arrangement, combined ~vithdue 8 hours of photocomposition time. The com- consideration of the conclusions, com~~laints. posing machine used for the seventh edition criticisms, and cataloging of their colleagues produced galley proof in the traditional print- in othcr libraries. But ~vhilethe seventh edi- ing fashion, but the new equipment will pro- tion is the proud product of the Library it is duce made-up pages. The most inlportant equally tlle product of the Government Print- benefit promised by the new computer-aided ing Office. merging and composing methods used in the Folloi~?ingthe initial esperirnentation, be- seventh edition is frequent and timely revision. gun in June 1963, the Library received GPO's Another volume that librarians have been illformal estimate for the job in January 1964. awaiting reached the final stages of produc- Congress granted funds for its production in tion lrhen printer's copy for Anglo-Atnericarl the al~~~rol~riationsfor fiscal 1965, and on Oc- Catalogi~zgRules was sent to the publisher in tober 23, 1964, the first live copy \\-as sent June 1966. Members of the Library staff had from LC to GPO. Keyboarding of the copy participated estensively in the development began 3 days later. By August 9, 1966, LC and editing of the rules. The volume, which gave the final "OK to print" and 1 year, 11 replaces ALA Cataloging Rules and the R:~les months, and 20 days from the day the GPO for Dcscriptiuc Cataloging in the Library of received the first live copy, copies of the com- Cotlgress, ~villbe published early in calendar pleted volume \\.ere delivered. 1967. Those 2 years were full ones. The seventh edition is one of the fe~vbooks ever published to ~vhichsupplements appeared before the Exhibits original volume was in type. The staff, therefore, had to ~vorkon t~vopublications at the Collographs, serigraphs, intaglios, woodcuts, same time-the new edition and its supple- etchings, engravings, aquatints-72 original ments. The January-February 1966 supple- prints in a variety of media chosen from over [NTRODUCTION 13

Cases designed for the print show.

1,300 submitted by artists throughout the Follo\ring its close in the fall of 1966, the country-were shown in the 20th National sho~t.\\.as circulated by the Smithsonian Insti- Eshibition of Prints, which opened May 1, tution Traveling Eshibition Service. 1966, in the Great Hall of the Library of Con- In the past the Library has sho\vn new addi- gress. Jurors making the selection were Mrs. tions to the collections of the Prints and Photo- AdeIyn D. Breeskin, special consultant to the graphs Division in an annual eshibit. In fis- National Collection of Fine Arts in the Smith- cal 1966 the subject area was expanded and sonian Institution and former director of the the eshibit, Recent Acquisitions, included sig- Baltimore Museum of Art and the Washington nificant new holdings of five custodial divi- Gallery of Modern Art, and two noted print- sions. Among them were three 16th-century makers-Jacob Landau, chairman of the works from the Lessing J. Rosenwald Collec- Graphic Arts Department at the Pratt Insti- tion ;pictures, maps, and manuscripts relating tute in Brooklyn, and Rudy Pozzatti, a mem- to the American Revolution, the Civil War, ber of the Fine Arts Department at Indiana and World Wars I and 11; letters from Presi- University. To mark the resumption of a dents Herbert Hoover, Franklin D. Roosevelt, show that had not been held since 1963 be- Harry S. Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower, and cause of the extensive renovations in the Main Lyndon B. Johnson; the manuscript of the Building, special illuminated display stands, Pulitzer Prize autobiography, Tlze Ameri- designed by the-Exhibits Office in cooperation canization of Edward Bok; and holographs of with the Architect of the Capitol and made in five musical compositions, gifts of the corn- the Library shops, were used for the first time. posers: Leonard Bernstein's Candidc, Aaron Commcrnoration of iml~ortantanniversaries in the history of the States conti~lucd~vith a dis~layobsewing the 150th anniversary of Indiana's statehood. It ol~eneclJanualy 23, 1966, \\.it11 a rccel,tio1; in the I~VhittallPavilion for YIcrnbers of the Indiana Congressional clelcgation and members of the Irlcliana So- ciety of Washington. Materials cxhibitccl \\.ere chiefly from the Library's oiv11 collections and traced the history of the State from its carly esl~lorationto the ],resent through l~ooks,~nanuscril~ts. Inaps, broadsicles, l~rints, political cartoons. and l~hotogral~hs. Vice Prcsiclent and Mrs. I-Iubcrt I-I. I-Ium- phrey, Cllicf Justice Earl \\'arren. ancl several rls a salute to Natio11a1 Library MTeek,the Members of Congrcss attcnclccl tllc ol~cning 11o11~1larand colorful clisl~lay, Fables Iron1 of the \Yliitc I-lorisc iVe\vs P11otogra~)llcn'As- Incunabula to Modern Picture Boolis, opened sociation 23d ilnnual Exhibit on i\l~ri]19, on April 17, 1966. Among tllc rare and un- 1966. One of the inost popular of IVash- usual volumes sho\vn ~vcrc13 printed before i1lgton.s attractions for summer tourists, the 1501. Before this cshibit had closecl, a special exhibit was improved by neu- display panels. small display of Finnish picture books had

16 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966' opened in a neighboring area-fairy tales, Automation and the Library of animal stories, and modern fantasy from a Congress gift of 100 books ~~rescnteclby the Finnish Publishers Association. Two major but related efforts took precc- T~vounusual and sharply contrasting major dence in the Infonnation Systems Office cshibits grc\tr from collections in the Prints during fiscal year 1966: the launching of and Photographs Division. Opened on No- the first three phases of the seven-phase pro- vember 15, 1965, First Ladies and Hostesses gram for the automation of thc Library's cen- of the JVhite House consisted of some 60 en- tral bibliographic apl~aratusand the initia- gravings, Iithogral~hs,and photographs from tion of a pilot project to test the problems and the Library's collections augmented by photo- benefits of distribution of the machine-read- copies of paintings o~vnedby other institutions. able cataloging data that might be handled This was follonred by a display of the work of in such a program. the late American documentary photographer Dorothea Lange, \\?hose camera recorded for the Farm Security Administration the nobility ancl charm, the wretchedness and unhappiness The survey and systems analysis which of the migrant farm worker and the rural began in February 1965 was continued. This family of Western and South\t?cstern United is the most comprehcnsivc ancl systematic States during the 1930's. Whenever possible esamination of LC operations ever under- I Miss Lange's own prints were used in the dis- taken. Through it, the central bibliographic play. Otherwise prints were made from the procedures most deserving immediate atten- original negatives in the Library's collections. tion in an automated system were identified. Eight traveling eshibits prepared by the A Request for Proposal was then prepared, Library were shown this fiscal year at loca- 42 which included specific areas to be investi- tions in the United States and Canada. The gated as well as background material on the bookings for sis of these were managed by the Library's philosophy and objectives in the ap- Smithsonian Institution Traveling Eshibition plication of automation. This statement was I Service. The American Federation of Arts made available as a rnodel to other libraries scheduled the showings of the eshibit Photog- with the publication of substantially the com- rapher and the City, and the United States plete test in the July 1966 issue of the Library Information Agency circulated the photo- Quarterly. Some 75 firms received the Re- graphic exhibit In Memoriam-John Fitz- quest for Proposal. The contract, signed in gerald Kennedy. The Library also lent ma- June 1966, was awarded to the United Air- terials to supplement traveling displays orga- craft Corporate Systems Center. nized by institutions and agencies other than The contract calls for the discharge of the the Library of Congress. There \yere 7 of 1 first three phases of the Library's seven-phase these cshibitions circulated to 23 locations by I automation program : 1 USIA, the Smithsonian, the Museum of Mod- ern Art, and the George Eastman House, The analysis of the information already Rochester, N.Y. sathered by the Library staff and On 44 occasions during the year museums, completion of the survey of the libraries, and other public institutions represent manual system quested the loan of rllaterials from the Library, A statement of systems requirements pro- for eshibit purposes and 305 pieces were lent. jecting normal growth, improved A list of exhibits for fiscal 1966 is given in services, and greater technical capa- appendis 13. bilities into the 1970's INTRODUCTION

I The functional clescri~~tionof a recom- the pilot project is fully 01)crational. The I mended system participating libraries not only receive tapes on a \vcekly basis but have also been supplied Upon completion of these three phases with computer prog~.an~stobe used locally in sometinle in the fall of calendar 1967, a sepa- ~xintinglists and catalog cards. Input to rate contract for the nest phase, systems speci- project MARC is limited to English-language fications, will be a\vardecl. Together, these n~onographs for 1966 ancl 1967 imprints. four steps largely fulfill one of the major rec- Numerous libraries have asked to be aclclecl to ommendations of the survey team headed by the list of l~articipants. Equally numerous Gilbcrt W. King and rcl~ortecl in "the red are their recluests for tcst tapes, programs. book," Autot?lation ntrd thc Library of C072- and manuals. Their keen interest is evidence gress. The three remaining phases in the proof the common ~~roblcmfacing libraries today 1 gram are systems design, implementation of in the control of materials ancl of the pressing the new system, and finally, its operation. need to find a solution, but limitations of corn- pi~tcrtime ancl funcls force the Libraly to The MARC Project limit participation during the test period to the original 16 libraries. These are : Work on the analysis of machine representation of cataloging data was begun in fiscal ,4rgonnc National Laboratory I 1965. In June of that year the results imre Georgia Institute of Technology I reported in "A Proposed Format for a Stand- FIarvarcl University ardized h4achinc-Readable Catalog Iiccord" Indiana Uni~-crsity (ISS Planning h4clnorandum Number 3), Institute of Library Ticsearch, University tvhich \\.as \yell received by the library com- of California lilunity and served as a focus for the cIiscussion h/iontgomery County Public School of standardized representation of cataloging Sys ten1 data for ~nachineuse. Nassau County Library System National Agricultural Library I A grant of $130,000 from the Council on b Library Resourccs, Inc., rnadc it possible for liedstone Scientific Information Center > the Library to alvard a contract to cleveIop [epartrnents anci the Information Systems dcfine the elements basic to any consideration Office. At the lvriting of this introduction. by the Library of building a pcs~nancntsell.- 18 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966 ice, a machine-readable counterpart of the search resources have given impetus to im- \\.ell-established printed catalog card service. portant Federal libra~ylegislation. To review Recognizing the Librarywidc effect of auto- the many measures that have claimed the sup- mation and that the fullest utilization of a port and attention of the Librarian of Con- computer systern \\-ill depend upon undcr- gress in common with other librarians across standing, educated supervision and leadelship the country is unnecessary hcrc. It is impor- in various areas, a training course in data tant, however, to record legislation directly ~~rocessingCOIICCP~S\\7as offered to o\7cr 20 LC bearing upon the operations of the Library of staff members in administrative positions in Congress itsclf; it is sum~narizeclin appendix the spring of 1966. Envisaged, planned, writ- 10. ten, and taught by members of the Libra~y's Infornlation Syste~nsOffice with assistance from a Legislati\,c Reference Service col- For fiscal 1966, the amount of $25,905,700 league, the course is thousht to bc unique. \vas appropriated directly to the Library of Congress by Public Law 89-90. In addition Congress directed the National Science Attention \\.as also given to the policies, Foundation to transfer $174,600 to the Library priorities, and technical qucstions involved in for the partial siipport of the Montlzly Indc.~ other areas at LC: necding autorllation sup- of Rltssin?l' Acccssio~~sand appropriated port. For instance, thc Legislative Rcferencc $1 ,I 53,000 to the Architect of the Capitol for Ser\ricc looks for irnprovcd sen7ice to Congrcss the ~naintenanceof the Libraiy's buildings and through computer-aidccl ~lroductionof data grounds and for furniture and equipment. relating to the current status of lcgislation be- An additional $445,900 \\.as provided by fore the Congress, and both the Card Division Public Law 89-4-26 to cover increased pay and the Copyright Officc arc planning greater costs, bringing the total direct appropriation production and scrvicc through automation. to the Library to $26,351,600. The funds No slllall scction of an annual report could available to the Architect of the Capitol for cover all the ramifications of automation in use at the Library were increased by $13,000. the Nation's largest library. Various para- Title 11-C of the Higher Education Act of graphs throughout the six ensuing chapters 1965, Public La\\. 89-329, authorizcd ap- reflect activities, plans, and needs in this area. pro~wiations to the Department of Health, Elsewhere in the introduction can be found Education, and Welfare to enable the Com- other references to the use of computers in missioner of Education to transfer funds to publications, in rccordkeeping, in indexing, the Librarian of Congrcss for carrying out the and so on. The Library community is looking acquisitions and cataloging program for which to the Library of Congress to dc\.clop tcch- the act provides. It was not until May that niqucs and standards required for thc automa- $300,000 \\-as appropriated for these activities tion of bibliographic inforrnation, a respon- in fiscal 1966, through the Supplemental Ap- sibility that the Library of Congrcss recognized 11rol)riations Act, Public Law 89-426. Al- long ago and acccptcd. At the sarnc time, like though the sum was only 6 percent of the many of its confreres, the Library relies on $5 million authorized by Title 11-C, it cn- electronic help for many day-to-day opera- ablcd the Library to launch the program. tions. I'asscd just before the adjournment of the 1st session of the 89th Congress, another Sup- Legislation Affecting the Library ~~lelncntalAppropriations Act for fiscal 1966, Public Law 89-309, appropriated $500,- National focus on excellence in education 000 for preliminary plans and drawings for and the critical need for more and better rc- the Library's third building. INTRODUCTION

Signed on August 27, 1966, Public Law To carry on the National Program for Ac- 89-545, making appropriations for the Legis- cluisitions and Cataloging provided for in the lative Branch for fiscal 1967, appropriated a Higher Education Act of 1965, a total of $3 total of $29,974,100 directly to the Library, million, instead of the $6,3 15,000 authorized, an increase of 14 percent over fiscal 1966. ivas appropriated for fiscal 1967 to the Com- This amo~~ntincl~ided $880,000 for the rental missioner of Education for transfer to the of approsirnatcly 220,000 square feet to alle- Librarian of Congrcss. viate the critical space situation. Thc act also authorizcd the following sums for: Copyright Lnzu Revision Automation-$585,000, an increase of The copyright law of the United States was $375,000 over fiscal 1966 originally passed by the First Congress in 1790 Copyright Office-$2?266,000, an in- and has becn colnplctcly revised only three crease of $193,500 tirncs in its 175-year history. The Copyright Legislative l

of the House Judiciary Cornrnittee demon- priate library materials that are cornrnercially strated its high caliber, the members showing available. Title IV-A authorizes $50,000,000 themselves generous in attendance, penetrat- for a 5-year period to improve library services ing in their questions, and clear in their deter- of State institutions, including residential mination to find reasonable solutions to the schools for the handicapped. Through the remaining confiicts. Copyright law is not a regional centers, the Library of Congress will glamorous political issue, but these men evi- also supply library nlaterials for the blind and denced an enthusiasm and an intellectual other physically handicapped persons in such commitment that typified the reality of the institutions. American belief in democratic self-government. As important, perhaps, in the eventual American Revolution Bicentennial passage of a satisfactory law was the conduct Commission of the witnesses testifying before the subcommittee. Nearly all spoke in favor of the revi- The act establishing an Arnerican Revolu- sion bill in general, and criticisms for the most tion Bicentennial Commission to make initial part took the form of specific proposals for plans and recommendations to Congress for amendment. the observance of the historic anniversary was signed into law by President Johnson on July Library Service to the Physically 4, 1966. he Librarian of Congress is a mem- Handicapped ber, es officio, of the commission. Authorization to extend the Books-for-the- Blind Program to other handicapped persons, Third Building including the near-blind and those physically unable to read or use conventional printed limders of the Library's annual reports materials, was given to the Librarian of Con- know that the need for additional space has gress just after the close of the fiscal year with grown more acute each year. They know, the signing on July 30, 1966, of Public Law too, that attempts at temporary relief are not 89-522, the culmination of concern shown by completely satisfactory. At present the space Congress during the last several sessions. At in the Main Library and the Annex is aug- the outset, service to these handicapped per- mented by the space occupied by the Card sons will be provided by furnishing talking Division, the Catalog Maintenance and Cata- books through tapes, records, and record log Publication Division, and the Library of players. A supplemental appropriation of Congress Branch of the Government Printing $1,497,000 was made to enable the Library of Office in two buildings at the Navy Yard An- Congress to begin this program in fiscal 1967. nex and by the storage facilities at Suitland Title IV-B of the Library Services and Con- and Middle River, Md. To carry on the es- struction Act of 1966 allows for ,grants to the panded activities authorized by Public Law States to provide or improve library service 89-522, signed on July 30, 1966, the Division to the physically handicapped. The amount for the Blind-renamed the Division for the authorized is $25,000,000 for a 5-year period. Blind and Physically Handicapped after the This should enable the 32 regional libraries close of fiscal 1966will be moved to rental for the blind and other cooperating libraries space some distance from the main plant to meet the increased dernands prompted by early in calendar 1967. About 85,000 more the estension of LC's program. In addition, square feet in still another building will be LSCA funds makc it possible for the States to rented to house additional LC activities. The purchase, for the lrse of the physically handi- Library's comples programs and rnounting capped, books in large type and other appro- responsibilities dernand a more permanent INTRODUCTION

solution than these piecemeal measures. In statements which the architects can translate 1960 Congress appropriated funds for the pre- into stone and steel. To ensure clear com- liminary planning of a much-needed third munication between the two, an interpreter building. These plans were radically altered skilled in the language of both professions is by a proposal for a James Madison Memorial needed. building in which some space for the Library To represent the Library in the planning for of Congress would be provided. To fulfill the new building the Librarian appointed a the needs of the Library and at the same time nationally known consultant, Robert H. Rohlf, produce a fitting memorial to our fourth to the post of Coordinator of Building Plan- President within the terms of the proposal ning. Both a professional librarian and a proved to be impossible. specialist on library buildings, Mr. Rohlf has The two plans were not irreconcilable, how- served as a consultant on the planning, build- ever, and legislation offering a workable solu- ing, and equipping of some 3 dozen libraries tion was introduced in the 1st session of the in 10 States. 89th Congress. Signed by the President on It is perhaps natural to look upon the third October 19, 1965, the resulting law authorized building as an addition to the existing plant, $75 million for the planning and construction space to take the overflow, so to speak. It of the Library of Congress James Madison may be natural but it is not necessarily sen- Memorial Building. A Supplemental Ap- sible. The two present buildings and the fu- propriatio~lsBill for fiscal 1966 made avail- ture third are being considered as a whole- able $500,000 to the Architect of the Capitol one plant into which Library operations will for preparation of preliminary plans and for be fitted, disregarding present occupancy, securing cost estimates. tradition, and past planning, and adopting In any major building project, a human proximity of operations, convenience to the structure is erected to plan the one of steel and public, and efficient expenditure of time and concrete. For LC's third building, this effort as criteria. human structure is complex. Congress has One important gain expected from the charged the Architect of the Capitol-who is promised additional space will be the restora- responsible for all Legislative Branch build- tion of the Main Building to its original Ital- ings on Capitol Hill-with its construction, ian Renaissance elegance, with large exhibit under the direction of the Senate and House areas. This represents a reduction of ap- Office Building Commissions and the Joint proximately a quarter of a million square feet Congressional Committee on the Library and of space in closets and corridors, galleries and in consultation with a committee appointed exhibit halls, stairways and storerooms now by the American Institute of Architects. In occupied by staff and collections. addition, plans for the Madison Memorial Hall will be developed in consultation with the James Madison Memorial Commission. Conferences and Committees The architects are DeWitt, Poor & Shelton. Since this is to be a third building of the Almost everyone in this present age can Library of Congress the question at this point cite at least one humorously derogatory def- might be: But where does the Library come inition of a committee. Nevertheless, no in? As all librarians know, and as Congress better substitute has been found for bringing is well aware, librarians must be involved in a variety of good brains together to exchange the planning if a building is to be a good ideas, information, opinions, and practical library. Librarians are responsible for clear common sense. The past fiscal year has been statements of their program and function, marked by several committee meetings of significance to the Library of Congress. Some One volume of the history has been com- are discussed in relation to NPAC, the auto- pleted and the manuscript is in the hands of mation program, or other special activities. the editor-in-chief, Paul A. Freund, profes- Others covered more than a single concern. sor at the Harvard Law School. Two others One of the basic meetings was held at the are nearins completion. The author of each Airlie Foundation, Warrenton, Va., in June volume is a specialist in the period with 1966. Officials from all departments of the which he deals. Library joined the Librarian in a five-session An annual series of lectures, sponsored conference on current programs and long- by the Permanent Committee, arc published range goals of the Library of Congress. Of as monographs by the Macmillan Company, first consideration were LC's mission and pro- which will also publish the history of the grams to meet the changing needs of the Con- Supreme Court. The lectures delivered at gress, the Federal agencies, the scholarly and the University of North Carolina in 1963 by library communities, and the general public. Arthur E. Sutherland of the Harvard Law The group esplored the effects of automation, School were published during fiscal 1966 un- the impact of such legislation as Title 11-C of der the title Apology for Uncomfortable the Higher Education Act of 1965 and the Change: 1865-1965. The most recent series, forthcoming revision of the copyright law, the "The Path of the Constitution," given by need for a book-preservation program, plan- Harry W. ones of Columbia Law School in ning for the James Madison Memorial Build- April 1966 at the College of William and ing and arrangements for additional space in Mary, will probably be published in calendar the interim, and means of attracting and hold- year 1967. ing highly qualified personnel. As a result of The Librarian's Liaison Committee of these discussions, task forces were appointed Librarians met on July 5, 1965, during the early in fiscal 1967 to study specific problems American Library Association Conference in and to recommend solutions. Detroit to consider library developments of The Permanent Committee for the Oliver significance to the Library of Congress, such Wendell Holmes Devise, whose principal as the National Inventory of Library Needs project is the planned publication of a defini- and plans for the Center for Research Li- tive, multivolume history of the Supreme braries, progress on machine-readable catalog Court, held two meetings during the fiscal card copy and other aspects of automation year, the first in July 1965 and the second in at LC, the need for and some of the consid- June 1966. In accordance with the provi- erations affecting a national preservation pro- sions of the enabling act, Public Law 84-286, gram, centralized cataloging, plans for the President Johnson appointed Herbert Wech- publication of the pre- 1956 National Union sler of Columbia University Law School to Catalog, and the objectives of the National succeed Frederick D. G. Ribble, dean emeri- Register of Microform Masters and the Cen- tus of the University of Virginia Law School, ter for the Coordination of Foreign Manu- whose term of office had expired. Other script Copying. Reports were also made to members of the Permanent Committee are the committee on the progress toward a third Jefferson B. Fordham, dean of the University building and the organization and program of Pennsylvania Law School, Harry H. Ran- of the Federal Library Committee. som, chancellor of the University of Tesas, During its first full year of operation the and Ethan A. H. Shepley, chancellor emeri- Federal Library Committee involved more tus of Washington University in St. Louis. than 70 Federal librarians directly in the work The Librarian of Congress is chairman es of its committees and task forces and estab- INTRODUCTION

Newsletter with approximately 1,500 Federal An overwhelming number of retirements libraries. As the fiscal year ended, the estab- resulted from Public Law 89-205, approved lishment of a roster of Federal librarians was September 27, 1965, which increased the an- in process, the copy for Lazrjs and Regulations nuities for employees retiring on or before Aflecting tlre Operation of Fcderal Libraries- November 30, 1965, by 6.1 percent. Such a 1,300-page compilation prepared by the Law employees would also receive the 2-percent Library of the Library of Congrcss with some cost-of-living adjustment of 1962. Public funds from the U.S. Aimy Corps of Engi- Law 89-3 14, approved November 1, 1965, es- neers-was in the hands of a commercial pub- tended the retirement date from Novernber 30 lisher, and a statistical survey of special to December 30, 1965. As a result, many libraries serving the Federal Government was staff members with valued esptrience who being edited and processed for machine had not considered retirement at this point tabulation by the National Center for Educa- revised their plans and joined the exodus. tional Statistics. December 30, 1965, alone, marked the retire- Through a grant of $97,650 from the Coun- ment of 38 people from all parts of the cil on Library Resources, Inc., assuring Libraly-chanvomen, supply clerks, telephone financial support of the operation for 3 years, operators, special police, editors, chiefs and the Library was able to create the full-time assistant chiefs, research specialists and re- position of executive secretary of the commit- search analysts, reference librarians, catalog- tee. Paul Howard, Librarian of the Depart- ers, tour leaders, and bibliographers. ment of the Interior for the past 17 years, was There were, of course, other retirements appointed to the post, effective early in March through the year. Every department was 1966. Through the cooperation of the Sec- affected. The Administrative Department lost retary of the Interior, Mr. Howard had been Julius Davidson, Assistant Director for serving previously on a part-time basis. Financial Management; the Copyright Office, The Federal Library Committee was estab- among several key people, William P. Sieg- lished in March 1965 at the initiative of the fried, Assistant Register of Copyrights; the Library of Congress, with the cooperation of Legislative Reference Service its Director, the Bureau of the Budget, to improve co- Hugh L. Elsbree; the Processing Department, ordination and planning among Government Lucile M. Morsch, Chief of the Descriptive libraries. Of its 19 members at the close of Cata!oging Division; the Reference Depart- calendar 1966, 13 are permanent. The other ment, Divight E. Gray, Chief of the Science 6 posts are rotated among Federal libraries. and Technology Division. Another loss The Librarian of Congress serves as chairman. sustained by this Department was the death of Horace I. Poleman, Chief of the Orientalia Division. A roster such as this is notable for Staff its omissions, for it would be impossible to list here the names of all the valuable and Staff turnover without a parallel in any devoted persons who were lost through retire- comparable 12-month period made fiscal 1966 ment, death, or resignation. Their service to a memorable year. Over 1,200 employees, an the Library, to the Government, and to the average of 100 a month, were appointed dur- people of the United States has been reviewed ing the ycar. This meant that an almost equal individually in the Library's Information number left. As a result, on June 30, 1966, Bulletin. every third staff member had from less than Earlier in this introduction I pointed out a month to barely a year's experience in the that materials alone do not make a library. Library. The basic ingredient of library service-the 24 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966

leaven, the flavor-is the staff. A good staff Throughout this report there are references to takes pride in its product. No one realizes the interest of the Congress in the Library's better than does the Librarian of Congess, mission, an interest hat he Members give who must rely on the able assistance of so many tangible form through their support of in discharging his worldwide responsibilities, programs. The sewices to the debt that the Library and its users owe to the imagination and hard \,.ark of the scholars, to libraries, and to the people of the There is another debt that both the Nation are the direct result of this under- Librarian and the staff are mindful of. standing support. The Processing Department

TRETCHED TO ITS FULLEST limits, fiscal These and other developments are de- 1966 had but 365 days, 8,760 hours, scribed in the test of this chapter and in the S 525,600 minutes. Even if each had statistical appendixes. been a working day, there would have been little time for the Processing Department to accomplish the tasks confronting it. Never- The National Program for theless, among its major achievements were: Acquisitions and Cataloging The successful launching of the worldwide and unprecedented National "Books and journals are of no value in a Program for Acquisitions and Cata- library until they can be found, unless some loging. device is provided by which a reader can The acquisition through the Pablic Law start with the name of the author, or the title 480 Program of over 1,600,000 of the book, or even the subject alone and publications from India, Indonesia, end up with the book he needs," William S. Israel, Nepal, Pakistan, and the Dis, Librarian of Princeton University, told United Arab Republic for American the Special Subcommittee on Education of libraries. the House of Representatives on May 10, The establishment of a new service offer- 1965, in testifying on the Higher Education ing annotated cata!og cards for Act of 1965. Speaking on behalf of the As- children's literature. sociation of Research Libraries, Mr. Dis went The publication by the H. W. Wilson on to point out that the card catalog has long Company of the third edition of the been the conventional key to the library's Union List of Serials in Libraries of collection. Every book must be cataloged be- the United States and Canada, com- fore it can be placed on the shelves, an oper- piled and edited by the Library of ation considerably more comples than appears Congress. at first glance. It demands technical skill, The completion of LC's work on the intellectual effort, and competence in the Anglo-Arnericat~ Cataloging Rulcs. world's ancient and modern languages. The application, for the first time, of a Today the 74 members of the Association of definitive classification to materials Research Libraries spend over $18 million a in the Law Library. year on cataloging, and they are a small frac- The sale of 63 million catalog cards, tion of the total number of libraries. MI-. setting a nett- record. Dix continued : 25

THE PROCESSING DEPARTMENT

Enable hundreds of libraries throughout the Provide catalog ifiiormation for these country to eliminate alarming backlogs of materials promptly after receipt and several million uncataloged and thus distribute bibliographic information unusable books by printing catalog cards and by Provide basic elements required for a national other means, and enable the Library system of automating bibliographic information of Congress to use for eschange and Release for productive use in the support of other purposes any of these materials teaching and research millions of dollars not needed for its own collections now spent unnecessarily in duplicative Under the act there may be appropriated for effort fiscal year 1969 and the succeeding year only We respectfully suggest, therefore, that in order such sums as Congress may hereafter authorize to make the provisions of Title I1 [of the Higher by law. Education Act of 19651 more effective in develop- By enacting this legislation Congress fully ing library collections, the Office of Education should be authorized sufficient funds for transfer to recognized the importance of granting Fed- the Library of Congress or another appropriate non- eral aid and assistance toward solving the na- profit library or library association, which should bc tional problem of cataloging, especially of authorized and directed to: foreign-language materials, and gave the Li- 1. Acquire on the most comprehensive basis brary of Congress a clear mandate to provide currently published library materials of new and unparalleled services for the benefit scholarly value of other libraries. 2. Provide catalog copy for these accessions For at least a century librarians have longed promptly after receipt, generally within for a truly effective centralized cataloging 3 to 4 weeks proSram but they could only dream until the 3. Process and forward to other designated passage of the Higher Education Act of 1965. libraries, by exchange or other methods, The impetus for this legislation originated in books which are not within the collecting scope of the central facility discussions of the possibilities of such a program by the Subcommittee on the National Mr. Dis's testimony, combined with that Union Catalog of the Resources Committee of representatives of other organizations and of the American Library Association's Re- institutions and of the Librarian of Congress, sources and Technical Services Division at its who supported this centralized cataloging program and cooperated with ARL in its develop- meeting in the Library of Congress in No- ment, was influential in persuading the 89th vember 1963, culminating in a request for the Congress to amend Title I1 of the Higher Ed- Library to prepare alternative proposals to be ucation Act of 1965 by adding Part C, considered by the Association of Research Li- "Strengthening College and Research Library braries at its nest meeting. The following I~esources." It authorized an appropriation proposals were developed : of $5 million for the fiscal year ending June 30, A decentralized program based on the 1966, $6,315,000 for the fiscal year ending distribution of catalog entries sup- June 30, 1967, and $7,770,000 for the fiscal plied to the National Union Catalog year ending June 30, 1968, to enable the Com- by cooperating libraries missioner of Education to transfer funds to the Librarian of Congress to- A centralized program to be carried out by the Library of Congress Acquire, so far as possible, all library materials c u r r e n t 1 y published Because the second would ensure a standard- throughout the world which are of ized product and would offer maximum bene- value to scholarshil) fit to all libraries, it was the unanimous choice 28 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966 of the Cataloging Policy and Research Com- 3. Initially, catalog copy should be provided in mittee of the RTSD, which reviewed the pro- the form of catalog cards, but provision should be posals at a meeting in the Library in December made for conversion to machine-readable copy when 1963. this becomes feasible. The Association of Research Libraries con- On the assumption that some funds for sidered the proposals at its January 1964 meet- the program would be appropriated during ing and appointed a Shared Cataloging Com- fiscal 1966, the following coverage was pro- mittee, under the chairmanship of Mr. Dix, posed : to plan the implementation of a centralized cataloging program. The program was again 1. All titles published with imprint date 1966 discussed by the ARL at its meeting in June and later and all titles listed in current foreign national bibliographies, regardless of imprint date, 1964, and the committee met with the Librar- will be eligible for acquisition and cataloging under ian of Congress and his staff the following fall. the program. At its meeting in January 1965, ARL formally 2. Earlier imprints will not be acquired, but LC, approved the committee's recommendation as requested by cooperating (i.e., ARL and other that Federal funds be sought for the estab- academic) libraries will attempt to catalog and lishment of a centralized acquisition and cata- print cards for its holdings of earlier imprints now loging progx-am to be administered by the under preliminary control. Library of Congress. This recommendation 3. The program will cover both trade and non- was endorsed by the American Library Asso- trade monographic publications, including titles in ciation. Congressional hearings in both the numbered and unnumbered series, annuals (reports, yearbooks, proceedings, transzctions), indi- House and Senate followed, and diligent ef- vidual foreign dissertations selected for their collec- forts by the Library, the ALA, the ARL, and tions by cooperating libraries, and atlases. Govern- others resulted in October 1965 in the passage ment publications will be included if they meet the of the Higher Education Act of 1965, amended other criteria. to include Title 11, Part C. 4. Periodicals and nonbook format materials will Anticipating the requirements of the act, not be covered at the beginning of the program. the Library of Congress had already begun to Offprints will not be covered. prepare a detailed $Ian for the implementation The salient points in the plan of operation of the program. Toward the end of October envisoned by the Library of Congress were: 1965 the plan was discussed with the Shared Cataloging Committee. Later, with some re- 1. Use of air shipments, because time is of the finements resulting from this discussion, it essence if the program is to be useful to the Na- received the committee's approval. tion's research community. The joint recommendations, approved by 2. Establishment of close working relations in the Association of Research Libraries at its each country with the authorities who are responsible for the national bibliography to obtain in ad- meeting in January 1966, follow : vance of publication, if possible, the entries to be listed . . . 1. The program should have the dual purpose of . 3. LC's present selective but comprehensive ac- building up the collections of the Library of Con- quisitions policy within the limits of the regular ap- gress, as the national library, and thereby benefit- propriations made to the Library for the purchase of ing libraries as a whole, and of providing catalog books will be continued. information to meet the needs of other libraries. 4. Where cooperating libraries have broad blan- 2. The program should be centralized at the ket-rder arrangements with foreign book dealers, Library of Congress, but LC should work out such LC will place similar orders, will obtain a copy of arrangements as prove feasible for sharing the all Farmington Plan titles, and will order all series cataloging workload with the National Agricul- ordered by cooperating libraries to ensure complete tural Library and the National Library of Medicine. coverage for the centralized cataloging program. THE PROCESSING DEPARTMENT

5. In areas where the book trade is not well or- Library of Congress catalogs. The Association ganized and where there is no national bibliography, of Research Libraries accepted this feature of LC will accelerate and expand its purchasing ar- the Library's overall proposal at its January rangements by establishing acquisitions centers. 1966 meeting. 6. LC will supply to each cooperating library for cataloging control purposes 'a copy of each catalog Since international acceptance of the prin- card printed for current imprints. ciple of shared cataloging would be a first but 7. Cooperating libraries will be expected to send most important step toward cooperation to LC copies of their orders for current domestic and among national libraries, the Director and foreign acquisitions for which no catalog card is Principal Librarian of the British Museum, Sir found in this controI file or in the published Na- Frank Francis, was asked to arrange for a tional Union Catalog . . . . small international conference at the British 8. The Government Printing Office has already Museum on January 13, 1966, to discuss the been asked to speed up all card- and catalog-printing Library of Congress proposal. It was attended operations, and it is cooperating. by Peter Brown, A. Hugh Chaplin, and R. A. 9. LC.wil1, as soon as appropriations for the program are available, begin a special recruiting pro- Wilson, all of the British Museum ;A. J. Wells gram for catalogers having the necessary language and Joel Clarke Downing, both of the British and subject backgrounds. On this, of course, the National Bibliograplzy; Etienne Dennery, Gen- success of the new program is dependent. eral Administrator of the Bibliotheque Na- 10. When it cannot otherwise acquire material, tionale, and Roger Pierrot of the cataloging LC will borrow it from cooperating libraries in staff; Harold L. Tveteris, Director of the Oslo order to catalog it. University Library; Kurt Koester, Director of 11. Meetings will be held with the technical the Deutsche Bibliothek, Frankfurt; Gustav processing staffs of ARL members and other aca- Hofmann, Director of the Bavarian State Li- demic libraries to discuss the operations and to ensure effective coordination. brary; and L. Quincy Mumford, Librarian of Congress, John W. Cronin and William J. It was recognized at the outset that coop- Welsh, Director and Associate Director, re- erative efforts ~rouldbe needed to acquire on a spectively, of the processing Department of worldwide basis all currently published library the Library of Congress, and Johannes L. materials of value to scholarship and to supply Dewton, then Assistant Chief of its Union cataloging information for them promptly Catalog Division. Sir Frank Francis served as after receipt. Accordingly, the Processing De- chairman. partment began to explore the possibility of A working paper prepared by the Processing international cooperation in cataloging. An- Department, with a large number of sample ticipating the increases in the acquisition of entries from national bibliographies and ad- foreign publications and recognizing the short- justments to Library of Congress form, was age of trained catalogers and the accelerated the basis of the discussions. Complete agree- procedures demanded by the act, the Depart- ment was reacher? on the principle of stand- ment investigated the feasibility of utilizing ardizing descriptions b,ased on the listings in entries in the national bibliographies of coun- the national bibliography of the country in tries in which there is an organized book trade which publications originate. and proposed that the Library of Congress ac- The conference recognized that shared cat- cept for cataloging purposes the descriptions aloging based on this principle should result of publications listed in the national bibliogra- in a more uniform international description phies of 18 Eastern and Western European of each publication, and also, as advance list- countries. The form and choice of the main ings become available, should speed up order- and secondary entries would be adjusted, as ing and catalogi~lgprocedures, result in faster necessary, to conform to the pattern of the bibliographical control in the home country

Worldwide Program of Acquisitions and Cataloging As of September 15,1966

1 ) I 32 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966

and abroad, reduce the cost of cataloging in so. The price of each title in English curreilcy libraries all over the world, and contribute (or "N.T." in the case of nontrade publications) to\vard the increased sale of publications' on and the registry number in the weekly issue of the an international scale. British National Bibliography will be indicated to In April 1966 the first esperiment in shared facilitate the ordering of books directly from the catalog card information. cataloging was undertaken. Arrangements The choice and form of author entry and sec- were made for the Library to receive through ondary entries, the repetition of the author state- a London bookseller advance printer's copy ment, the subject.headings, and LC and DC classi- of British National Bibliography entries pre- fication will continue to follow current Library of pared from books supplied by the British Mu- Congress practice. The cards carry the customary seum. Concurrently, the bookseller began LC card number and are available within the reg- supplying the Library with current British ular LC card series. imprints at an accelerated rate through a com- It is hoped that this step toward international bination of blanket-order selections by the sharing of cataloging will be but the first of a number of similar arangements with current national bookseller and supplementary selections by the bibliographies of other countries, resulting in in- Library's own recommending officers. creased economy as well as speed in cataloging To test the efficiency of these trial arrange- operations. The Library of Congress will cease ments, large research libraries were asked to to duplicate descriptive wofk already well done by send to the Library of Congress copies of their the respective national bibliography. Further ar- purchase orders for British titles published rangements of this nature should result in satisfying from 1956 to date. Titles \vith a 1966 imprint the urgent need of the libraries of institutions of that had not been selected by the Library for higher education for prompt and economical cata- its own collections were ordered. The results loging information for research materials from over- were encouraging. Of the titles reported dur- seas. ing the test period-April 25-July 1-78.4 Since April, several thousand British imprints percent \\.ere in LC or on order. For half of have been cataloged through the use of Brit- these, printed cards were already available. ish Natiotzal BibliograpIzy entries. For the remaining 21.6 percent, orders \\.ere Congress appropriated $300,000 in May placed at once. 1966 to begin the National Program for Ac- During the week of April 15, 1966, the first quisitions and Cataloging. The first NPAC cards prepared under the Anglo-American ovcrseas office to be established by the Library cooperative arrangement were printed and began operations in London on June 24,1966, distributed. The May 1966 Cataloging Scrv- under the direction of Nathalie P. Delougaz icc (Bulletin 75) announced that: of the Descriptive Cataloging Division. Mr. The Library of Congress has entered into a co- Cronin spent the last week of June in London operative arrangement with the compilers of the perfecting the final details of the acquisitions British National Bibliography to use their descrip- and cataloging arrangements. During that tive cataloging of British books as part of the Li- week, procedures were established and the brary of Congress catalog card data. The printed master acquisiticns and cataloging control files LC cards will describe all British monographic titles published in 1966 and thereafter and re- for British titles were put in working order. ceived by the Library of Congress (except titles The advance printer's copy and preliminary simultaneously or previously published in this coun- cataloging masters for the titles to appear in try, and for the time being most government docu- the BNB are sent to the Library of Congress ments) in the terms used in the British National each week. The books are also sent as soon Bibliography. This means that the transcription of the title, the collation, and the imprint will re- as they are available. flect the British practice, which is considered to be The office in London is one of sevcral be- as comprehensive as current LC practice or more ing established in Western Europe. In April THE PROCESSING DEPARTMENT

and May 1966 Mr. Cronin visited a number unit. bar. Dewton has been detailed to head of Western European countries on an explor- the new division. atory mission. As a result, plans were formu- In a related development, the Office of the lated for arrangements in West Germany and Coordinator of the Public Law 480 Program, in Norway, to become effective after August headed by Donald F. Jay, was retitled the Of- 15, 1966. The operation in Wiesbaden, in fice of the Coordinator of Overseas Programs. cooperation with the Deutsche Bibliothek in Under its new title, this office will direct the Frankfurt and a German bookseller, will be overseas arrangements for the National Pro- directed by Victor A. Schaefer, on leave from gram for Acquisitions and Cataloging as well his post as Director of Libraries at the Uni- as for the Public Law 480 Program. The two versity of Notre Dame. In Oslo the program programs were placed under the general ad- will be carried out in cooperation with the ministrative direction of Mr. Applebaum, the Oslo University Library and a Norwegian Assistant Director of the Processing Depart- firm, under the direction of Barbara M. ment, a position specially created to assist the Westby, formerly Coordinator of Cataloging Department Director and the Associate at the Detroit Public Library. Arrangments Director in administering the multitudinous in Vienna with the Institut fiir Oesterrei- ~vorldwideactivities called for under NPAC. chisches Bibliotheksforschung and in Paris At the end of the fiscal year the Library with the BibliothGque Nationale will follow at addressed a memorandum to ARL and other a later date. libraries concerning their roles in the National Offices in other parts of the world are also Program for Acquisitions and Cataloging. being established. In May and June 1966, The memorandum pointed out that: Edmond L. Applebaum, Assistant Director of In order to accomplish the purposes of this program, the Processing Department ; Julian W. it is deemed important that the Library of Congress Witherell, Head of the African Section in the receive from the major research libraries inforrna- Reference Department's General Reference tion concerning purchase orders placed by these li- and Bibliography Division; and Jerry I<. braries and also information on materials currently James, formerly a Cultural Affairs Officer received on an automatic basis, e-g., materials re- with the U.S. Information Agency, visited ceived under blanket-order arrangements. This in- Kenya, Tanzania, and Zambia to survey the formation would be used by the Library of Congress need for a Library of Congress regional ac- to acquire materials in order to ensure preparation quisitions office in East and Central Africa. of catalog copy by the Library of Congress for the Mr. James was later designated field director bulk of publications being obtained by these research of the Library's office in Nairobi. Prelim- libraries. The Library of Congress proposes to distribute to participating research libraries a full de- inary steps tomrd establishing a similar of- pository set of Library of Congress currently printed fice in Rio de Janeiro or Buenos Aires were catalog cards. This depository set can be considered taken in late June 1966, when Mr. Welsh and a substitute for proof sheets currently acquired by Earl J. Pariseau, Assistant Director of the most research libraries. . . . Cooperating libraries Hispanic Foundation, spent a iveek in those would maintain a depository card file under the fol- two cities. lowing conditions : On the homefront, the Library of Congress 1. The depository file would be maintained on a established the Shared Cataloging Division to current basis and would consist of catalog card entries falling within the cooperating library's acquisi- handle the descriptive cataloging of books tions policies. Titles not falling within the acquisi- received under the Title 11-C program. Sec- tions policies would not need to be retained and can tions within the division will be based on lan- be discarded upon receipt. guages of the publications handled, each sub- 2. The cooperating library agrees to search divided into a bibliographic and a cataloging against this file purchase orders (as well as cur- 239-386 0-47---4 34 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966

rent materials received automatically) for publi- program which should provide immeasurable cations dated 1965 and thereafter in Ianguages or benefits to the research libraries and the schol- from countries to be specified, including domestic arly community of the United States, and to materials. The purpose of this search will be to ascertain whether the Library of Congrcss has libraries and their users, publishers, and book already printed a catalog card for the title in distributors in other countries. The adoption question. and use of cataloging already performed in 3. In those instances where no catalog card is the country of origin will further international found the library will send to the Library of Con- standardization of cataloging practices. Co- gress a legible copy of the purchase order, or, in the operative arrangements will speed up proce- case of publications received, a legible copy of the record card prepared by the cooperating li- dures to place publications under biblio- brary. . . . The Library of Congress will search graphic control. Because cataloging informa- its control files and report back if the title has since tion will be quickly available to librarians, been catalogcd, if the title is on hand and is in publishers, booksellers, scholars, and students, process of being cataloged, or if the title has been the efficiency of many aspects of librarianship, or will be ordered by the Library to be cataloged. publishing, and research will increase. In addition, the Library of Congress will accept Recruitment and training of catalogers with order slips or reports for titles dated 1956 to 1964 for which no LC card has been printed, and, if the langua~ecompetence is the major problem title is in the LC cataloging arrearage, \\rill ~ivcthis and until it is solved the full potential of the title rush cataloging and printing. program cannot be realized. It may take 3 4. After the first year of operation a review of years to reach all the objectives that are en- procedures will be made insofar as control factors, visioned. Even so, the birth of the new pro- weeding of the depository file, and so forth are gram has been attended by good omens. concerned. Though limited by much smaller appropria- The dcpository set of catalog cards will be sent on a daily basis in alphabetically arrangcd order tions than the amounts authorized, the Library and at no cost to the recipient librarics. Franked, has been encouraged by the support of na- addressed mailing labels will also bc provided to tional libraries and bibliographic centers cooperating libraries for use in transmitting copies abroad and by that of the research libraries at of order slips to the Library of Congress. The dc- home. With thcir continued cooperation, the pository file of catalog cards will necd to be main- program should meet its goals as soon as it tained only for n length of time sufficient to assurc is fully funded and the organization period valid searching results. These cards may be with- is over. drawn or discarded whencver the cooperating library is in a position to pcrform a satisfactory search in thc cumulative issues of the National Public Law 480 Program Union Catalog . . . . Thc significance of this program is such that it Once Cairo, Tel Aviv, Karachi, New Delhi, is hoped that most if not all ARL librarics and and Djakarta were not names to conjure up othcr librarics requested to participate in the im- visions of books, but for several years these plementation of this program will find it possible cities have been the hubs of acquisitions activ- to cooperatc in this endeavor. Significant benefits that will accrue to cooperating libraries will in- ities involving over 330 American Iibraries clude the immediate availability of catalog card and nearly six million publications. Even copy in thcir depository file for many titles at the more remote from the printed word was the time of initial ordering of the titlc, and the further subject of the initial legislation of 12 years ago assurance of Library of Congress cataloging for which made these activities possible-rice, to- the majority of othcr titlcs ordcrcd by the cooperat- bacco, fats and oils, seeds, and othcr agricul- ing library. tural commodities. In 1954 the Congress of the United States These few pages detail the launching of a passed the Agricultural Trade Development THE PROCESSING DEPARTMENT

and Assistance Act (Public Law 83-480) au- unrest, inflation, or the threat of inflation thorizing the sale of U.S. surplus agricultural caused publishers in India, Pakistan, and In- commodities in underdeveloped areas for pay- donesia to revise publication schedules, post- ment in local currencies. These currencies, in poning or canceling plans for the issuance of general, may be spent only in the country of ncw titles. The Public Law 480 programs in origin and in ways specified by Congress. One these countries, however, firmly established of those ways was to be a significant factor in their effectiveness by collecting materials the 20th-century development of American which would have been lost to scholarship had library resources. In 1958 an amendment no facilities for immediate, on-the-spot acquisi- sponsored by Congressman John Dingell of tion existed. Michigan authorized the Library of Congress In October 1965 the program was extended "to use foreign currencies within such appro- to Nepal, where publications are obtained priations as are made by Congress for financ- through an agent and shipped to New Delhi ing programs outside the United States to for processing. The first issue of Accessiotzs purchase, catalog, indes, and abstract books, List: Ncpal was distributed in April 1966, periodicals, and related materials determined listing Nepalese publications that are sent to to have technical, scientific, cultural, or cdu- all participants in the India/Pakistan pro- cational significance in the United States; and gram as a routine operation. to dcposit such materials in libraries and re- With the arrival in Karachi of David G. search centers in this country specializing in Donovan, Field Director of the Pakistan proj- the areas to which they relate." ect, it was possible to relieve the American The Agricultural Trade Development and staff at New Delhi of the supervision of the Assistance Act, establishing what was later to Pakistan operation and to restructwe the ad- be called the Food for Progress Program, has ministration of the India project office. The included nearly 50 countries since its inception acquisition of a greater number of publica- in 1954, but at the time of the amendment only tions from the southern states of India had 8 were declared by the U.S. Bureau of thc long been a goal of the program; consequent- Budget to have currencies in excess of current ly, following a survey of the area, Alvin U.S. operating needs: Burma, India, Indo- Moore, Jr., fornlcrly administrative officer of nesia, Israel, Pakistan, Poland, the United the India project, was appointed Assistant Arab Republic, and Yugoslavia. In 1959 and Field Director with responsibility for South again in 1960 thc Library requested funds India. Acquisitions from these states con- from Congress for the support of programs in tinue to be channeled through the New Delhi these countries. In 1961 a modified proposal, office for preliminary cataloging and ship- including only India, Pakistan, and the United ment and are included in the Indian acces- Arab Republic, met with Congressional ap- sions list. proval and in the fall of that year the Public Even before passage of the Higher Educa- Law 480 Program became a reality. Indo- tion Act of 1965, it was apparent that the nesia and Israel were added in fiscal 1964. responsibilities of the Program's Coordinator This year, in spite of the outbreak of armed increased as the projects matured. In Janu- conflict between India and Pakistan, an at- ary 1966, therefore, Frank M. McGowan was tempted coup d'etat in Indonesia, and papcr appointed to the new position of Assistant Co- shortages in these countries and in the United ordinator, to be responsible for liaison with Arab Xepublic, the total number of publica- divisions concerned with the cataloging of tions acquired under the program continued Public Law 480 materials. In addition to to increase. The number of monographic other duties, the Assistant Coordinator will titles acquired inevitably declined as war, civil from time to time relievc field directors dur- 36 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966 ing their home leave in the United States. As ing, the New Delhi office has produced micro- the year ended Mr. McGowan was managing films that meet the specifications of the Li- the Israeli program in the absence of the Field brary's Photoduplication Service. Director, Harry R. Stritman. The fourth issue of the Accessior2s List: 112- In the United Arab Republic an experi- donesia, citing 1,000 monographic titles and mental newspaper microfilming project ar- 100 additional serials, was published in March ranged in cooperation with the National In- 1966, and as the fiscal year ended, the editing formation and Documentation Center was ter- of the fifth issue had been completed. Many minated, and issues held in Cairo for this pur- Indonesian publications appreciated in value pose were shipped to the Library. On the and rarity because of the destruction of book other hand, the India microfilming project, stores and private libraries during the disturb- made possible by a Rockefeller Foundation ances of October 1965. grant, successfully completed the filming of The English-language program, through 1965 issues of English-language newspapers which 300 American libraries have been re- and began the filming of current issues of both ceiving selected serial titles of general interest vernacular and English-language newspapers. and significant monographic works, was es- Plans were made to begin filming Pakistani tended to Israel in the course of the year and newspapers issued after June 30, 1966. After the coverage of monographs was increased in surmounting installation problems, not the India and Pakistan. During the year the least of which was fitting a camera with an University of Illinois joined the libraries re- 11-foot boom into a room with a 10-foot ceil- ceiving publications from the United Arab

Publi~Law 480 Acquisitions, January 1, 1962-June 30, 1966

India ( Indonesia / Israel 1 1 Nepal All I I countries

Commercial and institutional publications : Newspapers...... 201,094 145,508 136, 774 4, 188 65,962 199, 702 Serials...... 21 1,877 29, 180 1 19,060 10,800 62,863 50,070 Monographs...... 88,364 15,560 33,293 1, 153 14,389 28, 779

Government publications : Serials...... 1 11, 653 ll, 068 25,717 Monographs...... 20,507 1 4:; 1,335 4,892 Totals : Fiscal 1966...... 633,495 Fiscal 1965...... 690, 723 Fiscal 1964...... 667,551 Jan. 1, 1962-June 30, 1963...... 935,651

Grand total...... 2, 927,4120

1 Projected figures. ? Government publications included in con~mercialand institutional publications. THE PROCESSING DEPARTMENT

Republic and six participants in the Israeli French, East German, West German, Nor- program were added: Boston Public Library, wegian, Danish, and Swiss current national Yeshiva University, Jewish Theological Semi- bibliographies beginning with January 1966. nary, University of Southern California, Cor- In addition, plans were made with the firm nell University, and the Joint University Li- which administers the Latin American Co- braries at Nashville. operative Acquisitions Project for expanding the Library's purchases in that area of the world. Other Acquisitions Activities Recognizing the Library's urgent need to keep pace with the rising rate of publishing as In the acti"ities just described and in those well as the rising cost of publications, Congress reported in the following pages the assistance increased the appropriation for the purchase of the Department of State was invaluable. of books for the general collections from $670,- Purchase arrangements, knowledge of new 000 to $780,000 and for books for the Law publications, direct exchanges between the Library from $1 10,000 to $125,000. The Spe- Library and foreign institutions, and acquisi- cial Reserve Fund, established as a continuing tions of materials for the Library in regions fund for the purchase of unusual materials, where other means of procurement are as yet was used during the year to acquire 1,335 nonexistent-all were bettered in some way items, among them letters of 4 Presidents of through the Department's overseas facilities, the United Statcs and a collection of A. E. especially those under the direction of the Co- Housrnan manuscripts. ordinator for Foreign Publications Procure- Espandcd activities usually require an es- ment. pansion of space, and the Order Division, to cope with the demands made of it by NPAC, Purchases moved from its former quarters on the second floor to the refurbished fourth floor of the For the most part the Order Division fol- Annes in the spring of 1966. lowed its customary, established patterns during the first half of the fiscal year. Then, in Exchanges January 1966, the first impact of the National Program for Acquisitions and Cataloging was In cooperation with the International Es- felt. The first 6 months of calendar year 1966 change Service of the Smithsonian Institution, saw the expansion of the blanket-order ar- the Eschange and Gift Division implements rangements in England and by June the oper- arrangements for the reciprocal exchange of ation in London was functioning smoothly. government publications under the Brussels Three of the Library's agents in that city are Conventions of 1866, the Buenos Aires Con- cooperating in the program: a general blan- vention of 1936, and bilateral esecutive agree- ket-order dealer who serves as the central ments negotiated by the Department of State. agency for NPAC, a firm specializing in legal During the year Portugal and Uruguay ratified publications, and a supplier of monographic the Brussels Conventions and Venezuela the series. Francis H. Henshaw, Chief of the Buenos Aires Convention. Because official Order Division, spent 2 weeks in London in agreements vary in results and must be sup- the spring of 1966 working with these dealers plemented, 670 new eschange arrangements on problems of selection, shipping, and billing. were negotiated informally during the past Anticipating the creation of control files for fiscal year: African, 86: American and British, publications to be procured under NPAC, the 76; Asian, 120; European, 135; Hispanic, 142 ; REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1 9 6 6

Surveys were made of the effectiveness of distribution of the Monthly Checklist rose approximately 1,500 exchanges with Austria, from 3,298 to 3,349 copies. Belgium, Costa Rica, Denmark, Finland, Ice- land, Italy, Lichtenstein, Luxembourg, Mon- Gifts aco, the Netherlands, Norway, San Marino, and Vadcan city. suWeysbePn in earlier Almost 78 percent of the gifts received dur- years of exchanges with Guyana, Montserrat, ing the year were persona' papers St. Kitts-Nevis and Anpilla, and Spain were other ~nanuscripts~1,927,084 pieces in a''. completed. Unsettled in some periodicals, newsPaPers, parts of the world diminished the number of prints, original cartoons~I'osters~ pic- publications, which then became harder to tures~ P ~ recordings,~ and ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Y acquire. As a result, the total number received the num- by the Library from foreigp governments and ber of gifts to 2,472,617 pieces- Issuesof the institutions showed a slight decline. On the Q~arterl~Journal Of the Of Congress other hand, there were substantial increases in discuss the gifts. A few, chosen to the LibraryYsexchange receipts from a number "Present the range and of the ma- of countries, as the following table shows: terials so generously bestowed, are described

Fiscal Fiscal Documents Expediting Project 1965 1966 -- Since 1946, subscribing libraries have acquired through this cooperative centralized Indonesia ...... 552 1,380 service nondeposi tory U.S. Government pub- Iraq...... 546 1,038 lications that are unavailable elsewhere. The Korea...... 1,990 3,479 project is administered by the Library of Con- \,Vest Malaysia...... 1, 176 1,747 gress as a section of the Eschange and Gift Singapore...... 798 1,239 Division. The total number of subscribers USSR...... 43,465 47,612 from 42 States reached a record high of 123 in fiscal 1966 with these 11 additional members : University of California (Davis cam- Both domestic and foreign exchanges were pus), sail Fernando Valley State College utilized to good effect- Phonorecords Iron1 (Calif.), University of Bridgeport (Corm.), the New York Public Library and the British Northem Illinois Uni\rersity, Western Ken- Institute of ~ecordedSound, newspapers from tucky State College, Western Michigan Uni- the Boston Athenaeum, motion pictures from vers;ty, State University Agricultural and the Museum of Modern Art, microfilms from Technical College at Alfred (N.Y.), State the British Museum, and 18th-century British University College at Geneseo (N.Y.), Corn- Private and Local Acts from the National Li- ,,,ity College of Philadelphia (Pa.), Texas brar~ among the year's State Library, and West Virginia University. notable acquisitions. All in all the Library of ~h,project made a successful effort to ob- Congress received more than 4 million pieces tain a greater nlllllber of the publications is- by exchange. sued by the 49 Senate, House, and joint corn- The division made a special effort to acquire nitt tees of Congress and by 25 of the more the documents published by the 50 States and important subcommittees. Arrangements the insular possessions of the United States. were also made to rcccive and distribute some This filled many gaps, particularly in depart- 40 new series or groups of publications issued mental reports and monographic series. The by agencies in the executive branch. When THE PROCESSING DEPARTMENT 39

crowded conditions conlpelled the Exchange sets with the books they sell under the "Cards- and Gift Division to reduce its stock of dupli- With-Books" Program. When the fiscal year cate U.S. Government publications, lists of ended, 4,416 children's books had been cata- thc surplus materials were sent to the project loged and 153,000 sets of annotated cards sold. members to enable them to fill gaps in their Coverage under the new program, which is collections, a move which brought 880 indi- presently concentrating on current imprints, vidual requests for 2 1,456 volumes and issues. will be extended in the future to include all In 1965 the project distributed a total of 190,- children's books in print. Fiscal 1967 will be 000 items through established channels and the new service's first full year of operation. individual requests. In 1966 this total rose In planning its further development, the Li- to 245,000 items, 180,000 through established brary will be responsive to feedback from li- channels and 65,000 through individual re- braries using the annotated cards. quests. After more than 6 years of preparation, the monumental third edition of the Union List of Serials in Libraries of the United States Cataloging and Classification and Canada was published in February 1966 by the H. W. Wilson Company. Its five folio For several years both commercial catalog- volumes-containing 226,987 entries in 4,649 ing services and librarians have been interested pages-list 156,499 serial titles, excluding in the cataloging of children's books. As a newspapers, held by 956 North American li- result, the Library added still another to its braries. many services by the establishment in April With the aid of grants from the Council on 1966 of a Children's Literature Cataloging Library Resources, Inc., the work of compiling Office to prepare annotated catalog cards for and editing was done by the Library of Con- children's literature. They differ from the gress under a contract betwen LC and the usual LC printed cards in the following ways: Joint Committee on the Union List of Serials, Added entries are made for all illustrators; a Inc., a nonprofit corporation representing 13 concise summary is provided that is neither American and Canadian library associations critical nor evaluative in any way; many more and bibliographical institutions. Edna Brown LC subject headings are applied, using fewer Titus, now retired, as editor supervised its subdivisions and an approach specifically de- compilation in a special project established at signed for children's literature; Dewey decimal LC in September 1959; the work was carried numbers are assigned from the 9th abridged out under the general supervision of the Di- edition of the Dewey Decimal Classification. rector of the Library's Processing Department, The cards are sold in sets, three main entry Mr. Cronin. cards and additional main entry cards over- In 1961 the Joint Committee asked the printed for title, subject, and added entries. H. W. Wilson Company to undertake the pub- Growing interest in the writing and illustrat- lication and distribution of the third edition, ing of juvenile books as well as the increasing directing that Balding & Mansell, printers of number of titles published each ,year have in- the mammoth British Museur~z Cataloguc, creased the demands on the Children's Book manufacture the work, using its unique "ab- Section of the General Reference and Bibli- stracting" system and saving an estimated ography Division. The new office was estab- $100,000 in editorial and preparatory costs, lished primarily to meet this section's special which would otherwise be borne by libraries needs. However, the cards it produces have purchasing the third edition. Through the attracted the interest of wholesale book dis- "abstracting" method, entries can be picked 40 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966

pages according to numerical keys and ar- more valuable both to scholars as a research ranged mechanically in their proper order. tool and to librarians as a guide in planning Conversion of the manuscript to copy for acquisitions. printing required 2 years. To coordinate and Through a cooperative arrangement with supervise this phase of the work, Mrs. Titus University Microfilms, Inc., and the ARL took the manuscript in nine large trunks to Committee on Microfilming Dissertations, the London in June 1963 and remained there Library assigns indes entries to summaries of until the final pages were ready for the dissertations submitted by American graduate printer in July 1965. The work was printed schools for publication in Dissertation Ab- on acid-free paper that laboratory tests had stracts. Since the Library first undertook this proved both permanent and durable. Com- responsibility in 1961, the number of entries pleted pages were shipped, volume by volume, assigned has more than doubled, as indicated to the Wilson Company for binding. in the following table. The third edition incorporates all the information in the second edition (1943) and its two supplements ( 1945 and 1953), plus se- Number of Fiscal headings Number lected new titles appearing up to 1950, the Volume year of ab- date at which the coverage of LC's Nczc) stracts Serial Titlcs begins. Since NST with its Total New cumulations will provide continuing cover- --- age of serials, there will be no need for an- 22...... 1962 13,865 1,117 7,380 other edition of the Utziotl List, which first 23...... 1963 15,470 1, 180 8,065 appeared in 1927, almost four decades ago, in 24...... 1964 18,827 1,637 9,634 an edition of 1,580 pages listing 75,000 titles 25...... 1965 24,462 1,927 12,679 held by 225 libraries. 26...... 1966 29,173 2,351 14,956 Planned with the cooperation of the Sub- committee on the ~ationalUnion Catalog of the ALA/RTSDYs Resources Committee, the The 1965 issue of the Natio7zal Utziotz Cata- Nut ional Union Catalog-Regist er of Addi- log of Manuscript Collections went to press in tional Locnt ions provides an economical June for publication in the fall of 1966. Ac- method for making known additional loca- cess to its descriptions of 2,022 collections in tions of titles which have already appeared in 120 repositories, 65 of the111 represented for annual or quinquennial cumulations of the the first time, is simplified by an index of catalog. The first annual issue appeared in 26,040 entries. Personal names make up May 1966, listing 807,203 additional loca- 9,530 of these entries, corporate names another tions for some 215,000 titles in the 1958-62 3,550, and entries for subjects, events, and cumulation of the NUC. The June 1966 places the remaining 12,960. These citations issue cited 380,800 locations for approximately are cumulated with the 29,600 in the 1963-64 33,450 publications represented by Library of issue. The text of the 1965 volumes fills 260 Congress printed cards in the 1962 card series. pages and the cumulated index another 500. Entries are arranged chiefly by LC card number; works without card nurnbers in the Dewey Decimal Classification NUC are listed in the Register alphabetically by main entry. The Rcgistcr is published in a Used by a greater number of libraries than cumulative pattern, and its span is espected to any other system, the Dewey Decimal Classi- increase with each successive issue. The wider fication is found in the majority of libraries in scope which it provides should make the NUC the United States and Canada and in more than 100 other countries throughout the world. the Decimal Classification Office began work The Decimal Classification Office, like the on the 18th full and the 10th abridged edi- Card Division, exists primarily to serve other tions. Editorial rules and other criteria were libraries. It is responsible for two related ac- developed, a completely new schedule for tivities: application and development. mathematics was drafted, and substantially Dewey Decimal Classification numbers have new expansions and modifications for soci- been assigned since 1930 to titles cataloged by ology and for customs and folklore were pre- the Library of Congress for the benefit of li- j~ared. Lesser expansions were drafted for braries purchasing its cards. Additional staff documentation, museology, astronomy, biol- made it possible to increase the coverage from ogy, botany, zoology, the medical sciences, 2 1,497 titles in 1965 to 25,565 in 1966, a gain agriculture, household arts, manufactures, of 19 percent. The rate of production was 75 building materials, and the fine arts. Some percent higher at the end of the year than it topics were relocated and structural irregulari- was at its beginning. Coverage in the last 3 ties deleted. A beginning was made on a sys- months wis virtually complete for current non- tematic review of all schedules not slated for fiction published in the United States in any substantive change but requiring modifications language or published elsewhere in English in the light of the new editorial rules. and represented by Library of Congress cards. In England, the Editor and Chief of the In addition, numbers were assigned to a Decimal Classification Office lectured on the sampling of important foreign works in science Dewey Classification system to members of the and technology. Under the National Pro- London and Home Counties Branch of the gram for Acquisitions and Cataloging, nearly (British) Library Association and discussed all Library of Congress cards for nonfiction problems of mutual interest with the Asso- titles are expected to carry Dewey Decimal ciation's Dewey Decimal Classification Revi- numbers. sion Sub-committee and with the staff of the The Library has been responsible for the Bntislz National Bibliography. He continued development of the Dewey Decimal Classifi- to participate in the work of the Subcommit- cation since 1954, editing and seeing through tee on Universal Decimal Classification of the the press the 16th and 17th full editions and U.S. National Committee for the Interna- the 8th and 9th abridged, as well as several tional Federation for Documentation. supplementary aids. This work is performed by the Library under contract with the Forest Cyrillic Bibliographic Project Press, which, under Mevil Dewey's deed of gift, is responsible for the improvement and The primary function of the Cyrillic Biblio- dissemination of the system and for turning all graphic Project is the preparation and pub- income from sales into its further advance- lication of the Monthly Index of Russian Ac- cessions. Issued since 1948, the Montlzly ment. The editorial work is guided along Index is a record of publications in all fields broad lines by a Decimal Classification Edi- of knowledge received by the Library of Con- torial Policy Committee, which represents gress and by 260 other American and jointly the Forest Press and the American Li- Canadian jibraries. Designed primarily to brary Association and is composed of nine serve English-speaking users, it now averages prominent librarians. The committee met in more than 400 pages per issue and lists not October 1965 and in March and April 1966 only publications received from the Soviet in Lake Placid, N.Y., New York City, and Union in the languages spoken there, but also Washington, respectively. Following the pub- emigre publications in Russian, Ukrainian, lication in June of the 17th full edition and and White Russian. The number of periodi- in August 1965 of the 9th abridged edition, cal issues analyzed during the fiscal year in- 42 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1 9 6 6 creased by 6.6 percent, from 6,292 to 6,710; all catalogers will be taught to operate with another 5,915 issues were listed without relative independence when assigned to work- analysis. Monographic titles translated and ing sections. The training will range from in- indexed came to 18,067. The number of'en- doctrination in procedures for experienced tries in the subject index rose from 21 7,898 to catalogers to basic cataloging instruction for 232,095, or by 6.5 percent, and the total num- new library school graduates and subprofes- ber of pages from 5,040 to 5,228, or 3.5 per- sionals being developed as LC catalogers. cent. To offset the shortage of qualified catalog- The project also maintains the Slavic ers the division has sought ways to make maxi- Union Catalog, a supplement to the National mum use of the skills of its experienced staff. Union Catalog for entries in languages using Increased efforts have been made to develop the Cyrillic alphabet, that is, Bulgarian, Rus- adequate clerical support for the cataloging sian, Serbian, Ukrainian, and White Rus- operations and in October 1965 the Catalog- sian. Cards in the Cyrillic alphabet or in ing Services Unit was established to centralize transliteration received during the year for the the control of these supporting activities. The catalog increased from 87,082 to 104,474 and English Language Sectioq was reorganized the number of contributing libraries from 238 into four units responsible for current im- to 260. Twenty-sis libraries sent more than prints, government documents, general cata- 1,000 cards each and 48 sent more than 100 loging, and special problems. This new struc- each. In addition, the Library of Congress ture has enabled the section to catalog high supplied 22,599 printed cards and 11,379 priority materials promptly, to train new cata- preliminary cards. After duplicates were logers properly, and to give the necessary at- eliminated and multiple library holdings were tention to the more difficult cataloging. Val- consolidated on a single card, the net increase uable though these measures have been, they at the end of the year was 53,220 cards. have not solved a staffing problem which is certain to become more acute. To avoid a Descriptive Cataloging crisis a radically different pattern of catalog- ~ i turnover~ h and the evident need to en- ing has been designed to concentrate the cata- large the staff the ~ ~cats- ~loger's efforts~ on professional~ tasksi for which~ ~ i ~ ~ loging Division to every porsible he is uniquely qualified and to make greater means of compressing the training of new of searcher-catal0gen in Pre- catalogers and of developing subprofessional liminary routines. the end of the Year, basic procedures for a pilot project had been staff members to assume L~~ofes~io~al responsibilities. One attempt to solve the prob- developed. lem was made in the fall of 1964 with the The extensive participation of the staff of initiation of formal cataloging classes. In the division in the development of the Anglo- fscal 1966, 41 students in 3 separate groups American Cataloging Rules, which will re- enrolled in the course. But during the year place the current ALA Catalogi.ug Rules and it became clear that new patterns of training the Rules for Descriptive Cataloging in the ivould have to be devised. The orientation Library of Congress, continueii throughout and training of professional catalogers pre- the year and came to its conclusion when the sents many difficulties because of the neces- printer's copy was mailed to the Publishing sarily complex policies and procedures which Department of the American Library Associa- are peculiar to the Library of Congress. To tion in June 1966. Most heavily engaged in streamline the basic training of new catalogers the work were the two successive chiefs of the and to minimize the strain on supervisors, the division: Lucile M. Morsch, the Library's rep- division plans to establish a section in which resentative on the Catalog Code Revision THE PROCESSING DEPARTMENT

Steering Committee, cooperated with the ALA ernment Printing Office. As a result of many Descriptive Cataloging Committee in the re- suggestions from the staff and from other li- vision of the rules of description and acted as braries, the introduction was recast and ex- the editor of this section of the rules. C. Sum- panded. The January 1966 supplenlent was ner Spalding served as editor of the sections the first to utilize the automated printing tech- dealing with the rules of entry and heading niques by which the seventh edition was being and as general editor of the rules as a whole. produced. As later supplements were pre- The Principal Cataloger, the Deputy Principal pared, locator numbers and printing codes Cataloger, the head of the English Language were assigned to each heading and forwarded Section, and the Coordinator of Cataloging to the GPO to be keyboarded for processing Instruction also devoted much time to this by photocomposition. The resulting tape was effort. The division's heavy investment of merged by means of a computer program with time and talent in the revision, extending over the tape containing the text of the previous a period of many years, has resulted in a singu- ~nonth'ssupplement. Four cumulative sup- larly valuable contribution to the quality and plements had been produced by this technique coverage of these rules. at the close of fiscal 1966. The number of titles cataloged for printed The eighth and future editions will be pro- cards increased from 104,130 to 119,486, a duced on the computer simply by merging two gain of 14.7 percent, and the total number of existing tapes-that for the latest cumulative titles processed in all categories rose from 144,- supplement and that for the basic list. This 745 to 160,948, or by 11.2 percent. In assist- automated system makes it possible to pub- ance to other units of the Library, the division lish a basic list that is almost current as it edited copy for 1,578 catalog cards prepared eliminates both the keyboarding or typesetting in the Geography and Map Division, provided and the proofreading operations, which in the the Children's Literature Cataloging Office past have required 18 to 24 months each time with 4,813 annotations for juvenile titles, and a new edition was published. began the cataloging of the Dayton C. Miller Long the subject of progress reports in these collection in the Music Division. In turn, one pages, Class K (Law) has passed from the phase of the division's work was eased by the development stage into the first stage of ap- high quality of the cataloging copy provided plication. This past fiscal year definitive no- by the Public Law 480's Cairo office and by tation was applied to 93 periodical titles in the cooperative cataloging copy for 4,075 titles 1,824 volumes, which were reshelflisted, re- supplied by 49 research libraries. labeled, and rearranged on the shelves. En- Subject Cataloging tries for these titles in the Serial Record were revised and new sets of cards are in prepara- The principal functions of the Subject Cat- tion for the Law Library catalogs. To do aloging Division are to provide access to the this, staff had to be recruited and trained and collections through the Library's classification procedures written for the application of Class systern and list of subject headings, to main- K to the retrospective holdings of the Law tain the inventory record of the Library's hold- Library. Except for final editing, the sched- ings, and to apply marks of ownership to each ule for U.S. Federal law has been completed. of the volumes added to the collections. Dur- Early in fiscal 1967 working copies should be ing the year final page proof for the seventh in the hands of the subject catalogers, who edition of Subject Headings Used in the Dic- can then assign class numbers to currently re- tionary Catalogs of the Library of Congress ceived materials. The schedules for the law was read, corrected, and returned to the Gov- of the States are nearing completion. 44 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 19 66

Titles classified and subject headed rose 14 parts, and Government publications at all percent to a new high of 125,495, a figure that levels. During the fiscal year 1,829,620 serial includes the work of the Music Section of the issues were cleared and forwarded for immedi- Descriptive Cataloging Division. Because ate use by readers, for further processing, or 4,028 subject headings were established and for other disposition-a 5-percent increase 314 changed or canceled, 25,952 tracings on over fiscal 1965. In addition to recording the main entries in the Official Catalog had receipts, the Serial Record supplies locations to be changed and 16,260 cards for 5,380 ref- for bound and unbound issues, the dates when erences in the Official, Main, and Annex Cata- volumes were sent for binding, and informa- logs had to be made. New class numbers tion on source or method of acquisition. The added to the schedules came to 2,333 and 218 need for this information is seen in the 63,379 were revised. There were major revisions and reference questions routed to the division dur- developments in the sections of the classifica- ing the year, 27 percent more than in fiscal tion dealing with Engineering and construe- 1965. tion, Marine biology, and A4odern East Eu- New titles entered in the Serial Record rose ropean philosophy. Some 143,489 volumes from 11,190 to 12,936. The division edits were entered in the shelflist and 349,314 were New Serial Titles, a union list of serials be- labeled. The year brought inquiries from 36 ginning publication since December 31, 1949. university, college, public, and special libraries Over 680 libraries in the United States and planning to adopt the Library of Congress Canada now contribute reports to this list. classification system. From December 1965 to March 1966 a The Card Catalogs member of the Subject Cataloging Division The Catalog Maintenance and Catalog staff worked at the White House Library com- Publication Division prepared and distributed pleting and revising the card catalog, the shelf- to the Library's catalogs and special files list, and the arrangement of the books on the 2,996,000 cards, an increase of 15 percent shelves. As the fiscal year closed, copy was over 1965. During the year the new Addi- being prepared for a printed catalog to be tions and Corrections Unit of the Filing Sec- published, under the direction of the Com- tion eliminated conflicts and discrepancies in mittee on the White House Library, by the the card catalogs by making temporary Spiral Press. The members of the committee changes in entries in these catalogs before are David C. Mearns, Chief of the Library's new or revised cards were printed with dif- Manuscript Division and Assistant Librarian ferent fonns of heading. Included for the for the American Collections, and James T. first time in this year's work were the new an- Babb, formerly the Librarian of Yale Uni- notated catalog cards for children's books. versity. Some 22,000 of these were prepared for a new catalog to be housed in the children's Book The Serial Record Section of the General Reference and ,Bibli- All serial publications in the Roman, Greek, ography Division. The three componeh.s of Cyrillic, and Hebraic alphabets except news- the catalog are a main portion in dictionary papers are recorded by the Serial Record Divi- arrangement, an alphabetical file of illustra- sion. Under the Library's broad definition tors, and a shelflist or classified file arranged serials include periodicals, annuals and year- by Dewey Decimal Classification numbers. books, monographs in numbered series, irregu- This catalog complements the Catalog of lar serials such as directories, handbooks, edi- Juvenile Books, which was established in 1957 tions of reference works, and books issued in and contains for each title a single card ar- THE PROCESSING DEPARTMENT

ranged in the order of the Library of Con- 579, a 14-percent increase. A new feature of gress Classification. 1l4otion Pictures ant1 Filrrzstrips is a list of pro- The staff also added 425,733 temporary clucers and distributors and their addresses. catalog entries or oxder slips to the Process In- Eighteen years of cooperation betu-een the formation File. Requests for information Library of Congress and the National Library concerning materials in the process of being of Medicine in the production of the Natiotzal cataloged have grown from 11,672 in 1947, Library of Medicine Catalog Lvere brought to when this reference service was first estab- a caose with the publication in 1966 of the sex- lished, to 30,5 11 in 1966. ennial 1960-65 cumulation. Its 4,3 12 pages Entries from other libraries are edited and in 5 volumes contain author and subject en- prepared for publication in the National tries for 93,964 titles. The annual catalog and Union Catalog by the Catalog Maintenance its cumulations, which served the library com- and Catalog Publication Division. In addi- munity as a key to publications in biomedical tion to Library of Congress cards for 100,500 titles published from 1956 to date, 1,761,000 research and related disciplines, have been cards were received from other American li- superseded by the biweekly Current Catalog of braries, an increase of about 360,000 over the National Library of Medicine. 1965. Identified as duplicates of Library of Congress entries, 716,000 of these were for- Union Catalogs warded to be added to the locations in the The Union Catalog Division received National Union Catalog. The Control File 2,527,785 cards during the fiscal year, an in- now contains 2,333,000 cards. crease of 23.7 percent over the 2,043,745 received in fisczl 1965. They can be divided as Catalogs in Book Form follo~vs: The 1965 annual cumulation of the Na- tional Union Catalog, scheduled for publica- 720,773 for materials printed before 1952 tion in November 1966, contains entries for 45,668 for 1952-55 imprints 2 18,000 publications acquired and cataloged 1,76 1,344 for materials published 1956 to by the Library of Congress and other North date American libraries, an increase of 32 percent over the 1964 issue. More than 442,000 loca- Sources of the cards were: tions are indicated for monographic \\rorks published since 1956. Although entries repre- Library of Congress, 199,242 Direct reports from other North Ameri- sented by Library of Congress printed cards can libraries, 2,13 1,972 showed a gain, the major growth of the catalog lieports from regional union catalog ten- lies in the increase in the number of entries ter s, 176,750 submitted by other libraries. They make up Photocopies of other library cards, 18,934 49 percent of the total content of this cumu- Cards typed by staff of the division, 887 lation, which is being published in 7 volumes containing 8,975 pages. Cards representing rnaterials published from Editing of the 1965 curnulation of the Li- 1956 to date were transferred to the Catalog brary of Congress Catalog-Books: Subjrcts Maintenance and Catalog Publication Divi- \vas also completed during the fiscal year. It \.ision for publication in the Library's book will contain 4,936 pages, 46 percent more than catalogs. Cards for earlier imprints \\.ere filed the last annual. The number of pages in the into the National Union Catalog and its sup- 1965 issue of Music and Phonorecords rose to plements, \vhich no\\-contain 16,450,000 cards. 46 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966 The University of Massachusetts Library and Card Distribution the Toronto Public Library were among those contributing cards for the first time. Every division of the Library of Congress The division received 40,937 requests for the is, in some particular way, a servant of the location of books, periodicals, and other re- Congress, the Government, and the people search materials as compared with 35,013 last of the United States. But the service of the year, an increase of 16.8 percent. Of these Card Division, authorized 64 years ago by an 33,640 or 82 percent were filled by locating the act of Congress, is literally at the fingertips titles in the National Union Catalog and by of people in the Tarkios, the Chillicothes, the circularizing those not found in the Weekly Opelousas, and the Peshtigos throughout the List of Unlocated Research Books. length and breadth of the land. In these, and About 800 symbols that had not appeared in thousands of other towns, millions of Amer- earlier were listed in the ninth edition of icans each ymr thumb through files of Li- S~lnzbolsUssd in the National Union Catalog. brary of Congress printed cards to select the The publication gives all of the symbols ap- books of their choice. This year more Amer- pearing in the Union List of Serials and in icans took home more wages and spent more Ncw Serial Titles, but to provide compilers money than ever before in the country's his- of bibliographies and checklists with a more tory. Increasing wealth and population have estensive list of uniform abbreviations for li- resulted, anlong other things, in a demand for braries, the ninth edition also includes sym- more books and better library facilities. As bols for many institutions that have not yet book collections grow, so does the need for contributed cards to the National Union catalog cards to provide access to these col- Catalog. lections. In fiscal 1966 approximately 19,000 Two issues of the National Register of Mi- libraries, firms, and individuals bought 63,- crofornz Masters appeared during fiscal year 214,294 catalog cards, 3 percent Inore than 1966, the first dated September 1965 and the the previous year. From the sale of cards and second, January 1966. They contain a total technical publications, the sum of $5,046,417 of 9,344 entries from 20 reporting libraries was deposited in the miscellaneous receipts and comn~ercialfirms. These issues were sent of the Treasury, an increase of 16 percent. free of charge to the 1,600 libraries who sub- scribe to the National Union Catalog. Dc- scribed in detail in last year's annual report, Deposits in U.S. Treasury and Appropriations the Register was established in cooperation For Distribution of Catalog Cards with the American Library Association and Fiscal Yeors 1957- 1966 the Association of Research Libraries with assistance from the Council on Libmry Ke- Depostts sources, Inc. Compiled and edited in the 4.5 - 4.5 0Appropriations Union Catalog Division, the publication provides a bibliographical record devoted to the listing of titles for which master microcopies exist. These masters are reserved for copying purposes; they are not service copies. The Register serves to eliminate costly duplication of microcopying projects by rnaking known which library materials have been transferred to microform under the preservation programs of American research libraries. F~scolYears THE PROCESSING DEPARTMENT

Number of Cords Sold, Fiscal Years 1957-1966 tures, filmstrips, and phonorecords. One of the largest orders, however, came from a com- M~ll~onsof Cords 65 ------,------65 mercial source. The Radio Corporation of " 60 - 60 A~liericaordered some 4,000 cards for all of 1 - 55 - - 55 its available recordings. The card numbers 50 - - -50 will appear in the company's 1966 catalog as 4 5 - - - -45 a service to libraries. 40 ----- 40 In November 1965 the Card Division took 35 ------35 over the sale and distribution of thc Library's 30 ------30 classification schedules and its list of subject 2 5 ------25 headings, which had been sold previously by 20---.....------20 the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Gov- ernment Printing Office. The information kit on this and the Card Division's other serv- 0 0 ices was revised and sent to 7,234 library 1957 '58 '59 '60 '61 '62 '63 '64 '65 '66 F~scolYeors schools, libraries, students, and other individuals and organizations, 300 percent more than in fiscal 1965. New or reactivated subscrib- Gross Card Sales, Fiscal Years 1957-1966 ers totaled 2,158. The number of wholesale distributors and publishers cooperating in the "Cards-With- Books" Program continues to grow. At the end of the fiscal year 84 firms were participating. They were supplied with 8,028,955 cards in 1,605,791 sets for 41,665 individual titles. Under the ccAll-the-Books" Plan, 5,549 American and a few foreign publishers provided the Library with advance copies of their current titles. The R. R. Bowker Company lent the copies it received for listing or review in its journals and a number of \vhole- sale distributors lent publications not immedi- 1957 '58 '59 '60 '61 '62 '63 '64 '65 '66 F~scolYeors ately available from other sources. These arrangements enabled the Library to catalog To meet the increased demand for catalog the books and have cards available bcforc cards, a branch of the Government Printing publication date. From all these sources, Office housed in quarters adjacent to the Card 25,545 titles not previously received ~vcrc Division instituted a night shift and produced made available for cataloging. 38,681,645 printed cards by letterpress and 62,132,000 by offset during the fiscal year. Since December 1965 proofsheets have also Binding and Repair Work been produced by offset. The passage of the Elementary and Sec- General supervision over the Library's ondary Education Act of 1965 made more binding activities, regulation of the flow of funds available to school libraries for the pur- materials from other divisions, guidance and chase of all types of libmry materials. In turn, instruction to the preparation assistants, and this increased orders for cards for motion pic- coordination of the work of the six repair units arc thc functions of the Binding Division. tracts. As a result of increascd costs, thc \Vith thc advice of the Binding Cornmittcc, it number of volumes bound in fiscal 1966 was adr~li~listcrsthe funds allotted for birding and lower than in the prcvious ycar. A commcr- prcscrvation, now morc than $500:000 a cia1 bindery bound 63,593 volumcs, and thc. ycar--over $300,000 for binding and rcbind- Government Printing Officc, 3 1,286. Thcsc figures include both original binding and rc- ing and nearly $200,000 for othcr scrviccs, binding. GPO also gave protective treatment repairs, and thc prcscrvation of nonbook ma- to 40,175 pamphlets by wircstitching or hand- tcrials. None of the actual binding itsclf is sewing them into binders. The repair units. donc by the Binding Division. It prepares housed in thc Library but manned by GPO sonnc mntt*rialsand revises and records others employees, rcpaircd or restored 16,840 books, prcparcd in the custodial divisions, transmit- laminated 90,209 manuscripts and 19,784 ting thcrn to thc Govcrnmcnt Printing Office maps, and gavc appropriate prcscrvation and othcr binclcrics under commercial con- trcatrncn t to 80,655 othcr itcms. The Legislative Reference Service

not a de jure birthday, the Legislative problemb generated by World War I1 &d foC Reference Service found the year a lowed by the equally staggering postwar obli- memorable and a revealing one. Technically gations confronting the United States, which the Service is over 50 years old, tracing its had emerged from the global upheaval as the founding to an administrative directive of most powerful nation of the world. To the I 1914. For the present staff, however, the Congress the internal structure of the legisla- Corigressional Reorganization Act of 1946- tive branch seemed antiquated, its sources of 20 years ago-marks the creation of LRS as information limited, and its staffing inade- they know it today. Congress was similarly quate. The Joint Committee on the Organi- struck by the significance of this double decade zation of Congress under the chairmanship of I and created a second Committee on the Or- Senator (then Representative) A. S. Mike ganization of the Congress to examine the out- Monroney and Senator Robert M. LzFollette, come of the work of the first. In time, the reflecting this concern, recommended many I I committee reached the LRS and called upon changes. Turning to the Library of Congress the Service to analyze itself: Had it achieved as one source of assistance in decisionmaking, i/ 1 its original purpose? Was it providing the it reported, "Your Committee recomnlends I services the Congress needed and had a right that the Legislative Reference Service be im- I to expect? How had it developed since 1946? mediately increased in size and. scope more 1 In answering these questions, the Service came adequately to sen c the individual Members to see that 1966, the busiest year in its history, of Congress, and also to provide a pool of I in many ways epitomized the two decades of experts available for use by the committees of 1 I development and of an evolving concept of Congress. . . ." 1 reference and research assistance to a legisla- In the words of the Reorganization Act it- 1 i tive body. self, this staff was:

(1) upon request, to advise and assist any com- Twenty Years of Change mittee of either House or any joint committee in the analysis, appraisal, and evaluation of legislative Between 1946 and 1966 the Legislative Ket - proposals pending before it, or of recommendations crcnce Service has changed both in organiza- submitted to Congress, by the President or any tion and in prodact. Twenty years ago, the executive agcncy, and otherwise to assist in furnish- entire Congress was concerned over the in- ing a basis for the proper determination of measures ability of the legislative branch to respond to before the cornmittce : 50 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 19 6 6

(2) upon request, or upon its own initiative in in many new areas and Lvere organized for anticipation of requests, to gather, classify, analyze, the reference service characteristic of libraries. and make available, in translations, indeses, di- Both the quantity and quality of use soon gests, compilations and bulletins, and othenvise, data for a bearing upon legislation, and to render demanded changes. In fiscal 1946 Members such data serviceable to Congress, and committees placed 19,732 inquiries with the LRS. By and Members thereof, without partisan bias in se- fiscal 1956 this figure had grown to nearly lection or presentation; 60,000 and by 1966 to over 117,000. How- (3) to prepare summaries and digests of public ever, while the workload was multiplying sis hearings before committees of the Congress, and times, the staff did not even double. The 131 of bills and resolutions of a public general nature introduced in either Housc. positions budgeted for the year following the Reorganization Act had increased by fiscal The Library i~l~mediatelyresponded to this 1966 to only 223. Of these, 135-a little over instruction. S~rbjectspecialists were acquired half-were directly engaged in research. GROWTH IN INQUIRIES AND STAFF FISCAL YEARS 1947- 1966 PERCENTAGE CHANGE FROM BASE YEAR 1947

PERCENT PERCENT 500 500

0-50 1947 I48 '50 '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 FISCAL YEARS THE LEGISLATIVE REFERENCE SERVICE

The nature of LRS staffing required a ma- graphs for committee prints and public hear- jor redesign of the organizational structure. ings; the small Translation Unit, during the When the Reorganization Act of 1946 was past fiscal year, received 3,829 Congressional passed, the Service, following the Library's requests for translations from some 20 foreign pattern, forrned its sis units around the nzate- languages. rials needed for research. This produced an Over a period of 20 years it is but natural Advanced Research Section, a General Re- that the subjects demanding Congressional at- search Section, an Information Section, a tentionand therefore the attention of LRS- Federal Law Section, a State Law Section, should change. Nor is it surprising that the and a Congressional Reading Room. number of inquiries from Members should Duplicative and inflexible, this structisre increase. More worthy of comment, perhaps, proved inappropriate for intensive Congres- is the change in the nature of Congressional sional research. By the midfifties, the Service use of the Service. Early in the 20-year span had been reorganized around staff members' inquiries tended to be of two types: requests subject' specializations, which themselves re- for factual information appropriate to a large flected major areas of Congressional interest. reference library and requests for preparation Seven divisions were created : American Law, of general background reports on the historical Economics, History and Government, Educa- development of current issues. As the number tion and Public Welfare, Foreign Affairs, and of requests rose, emphasis shifted more toward Senior Specialists, with the whole research ef- briefings-pro and con analyses, statements of fort supported by a Library Services Division. positions held by the various protagonists in Changes in the structure and the staffing of legislative issues, and discussions of alternative the Legislative Reference Service reflect its solutions. Television's growing coverage of attempt to meet the changing needs and in- national affairs increased the average citizen's terests of Congress. This reflection of interest awareness of his representation in Congress. can be seen in the development of the Foreign This, plus mounting political activity in local Affairs Division and in the depth of staffing it communities, generated more constituent mail, required as first Western Europe, then Korea, mail that was sent in increasing quantities to then Africa, then Latin America, and now the Service for assistance in reply. The jet Southeast Asia claim Congressional attention airplane enabled the Members to visit their and stimulate the need for information, es- districts frequently, and their invitations and perience, and analysis. Less apparent but no obligations to speak before local groups multi- less real has been the resolution of such issues plied. The Service thus found itself playing a as the St. Lawrence Seaway, statehood for greater role in providing materials and posi- Alaska and Hawaii, and the quota system of tion papers on which discussions of public immigration. In their places, demands for issues were based. Finally, the social and expertise in urban development, commu,nica- scientific problems exploding on the national tion satellites, and civil rights have appeared. scene steadily increased the requests for analy- By 1966 the needs of Congress had required ses and comparisons of alternative solutions. the creation of two additional divisions-Nat- What does LRS do today? There was no ural Resources and Science Policy Research, Member in the Senate or the House who did the latter responding to such esoteric areas of not use the Service during fiscal year 1966, legislative activity as oceanography, air pollu- nor was there any committee which did not tion, superdeep geological exploration, space, frequently consult the staff. They received and flying saucers. In addition, highly spe- answers to 117,062 inquiries, 17 percent more cialized teams have been developed: The than the previous year's total. Of these, 47.8 Graphic Arts Unit .prepares maps, charts, and percent or 55,979 \vere for direct use by Mem- 52 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966 bers and committees. The remaining 6 1,083 inquiries. In fiscal 1966, Member requests responses were to requests by Members for rose 26 percent over the previous year, con- assistance in answering their constituent in- stituent requests only 10 percent. quiries. Although representing 52.2 percent of the total, these required only 16.9 percent Making the LRS Product Available of the research and reference time of the staff. It is significant, too, that the rate of increase How do you answer 117,000 requests with was greater for Member than for constituent a staff of 135 researchers?

SOURCES OF TIME SPENT lNQUlRlES RECEIVED IN RESEARCH

This question was frequently raised during and several related measures, Medicare, and the hearings of the Joint Committee on the the prelegislative consultations of the Senior Organization of the Congress. Twenty years Specialists demonstrate three aspects of its of trial and error have produced a number of application. The first deals with anticipated fairly refined techniques by which the in- legislation, the LRS staff providing informa- formation and analysis needed by a Member tional-analytical services in the development are made available to him. To answer the and introduction of a bill. The second shows question so often repeated, they are described the Service following up its assistance in the here, illustrated with queries received in 1966. initial stages of a bill by a continuing relationship with Congressional ofices and, through Personal Znuoluement of Stafl Members in those offices, with constituents, informing them Development of Legislation on the provisions of the legislation and as- Many thousands of the requests received by sisting in oversight functions when regulations the Service demand the use of this technique. for the new law are issued from an executive The jury selection provisions of the Adminis- department. The third demonstrates the role tration's proposed Civil Rights Act of 1966 played by LRS as a consultant on broad prob- THE LEGISLATIVE REFERENCE SERVICE

lems of national concern not yet involved in duplicated in quantity, and distributed to legislative action. Congressional personnel who requested it. As the proposed legislation began to de- Anticipated legislation. During December velop, the Service prepared a section-by-sec- and early January of the past fiscal year, re- tion analysis of the Administration bill and ports from the Administration and other the five Congressional alternative bills. At sources that several civil rights bills antici- the same time the division was asked to exam- pated in the second session would include pro- ine the constitutionality of the various open- visions on jury trials grew more frequent. housing proposals. Later, as the debate on Noting this, members of the staff of the this issue advanced, the division's memo- American Law Division conducted discus- randum was used extensively by both sides sions with the staff of both the majority and of the issue, tacit evidence of its objectivity minority side of the House ~udiciary om- and thoroughness. Finally, just before the mittee. The consensus was that LRS could debate moved from committee to the floor, be of maximum usefulness at this stage by the LRS compared in detail the 6 major bills preparing a State-by-State analysis of jury- under consideration with the 23 State open- selection laws throughout the Nation. housing acts already in effect. Working against time and the opening of the session, the division first pursued the legal Continuing relationship. The Social Secu- provisions on the Federal side of the issue, rity and Medicare Amendments of 1965- compiling an array of background material which established the new health insurance and bibliographic references, the appropriate program and amended the old-age, survivors, provisions of the United States Code, and and disability insurance, public assistance, earlier analyses of Federal jury-selection ac- maternal and child health, crippled children, tions. Turning to the State side, the division and child welfare programs-supply an il- then examined by each of the 50 State codes, lustration of the continuing involvement of extracting all the pertinent jury-selection laws. LRS in an issue from hearings through execu- Comments on these laws and court decisions tive session, floor debate, and conference to involving their provisions were located. The the application of the resulting law. The be- material was combined in a briefing kit, which ginning of this fiscal year found two specialists was duplicated in quantity and made avail- from the Education and Public Welfare Divi- able to all members of the committee and its sion preparing for the debate on the Senate staff. floor, which opened on July 6, 1965, and con- When, after Congress reconvened, the Pres- tinued through July 9. One of the specialists ident's message came up, the jury-selection was "down front" with the floor manager of provisions were accompanied by an open- the bill, while the other provided technical housing title, to which the emphasis turned. assistance to other Senators. Following floor Again working against time, the American action, the division was asked to prepare a Law Division prepared a summary of State committee print identifying and explaining open-housing laws. Fortunately, the Hous- the 528 differences between the House and ing and Home Finance Agency had prepared Senate versions. The two specialists con- a basic memo which, while not up to date, tinued to serve in a staff capacity during the served as a starting point. LRS attorneys conference, discussions, and final approval on verified everything in the memo, searched for the Senate floor. and included amendments to the laws identi- The next phase was the preparation of four fied and subsequent State laws, and checked committee prints-two for the Committee on appropriate court decisions. The resultant Ways and Means and two for the Committee material was organized into a working kit, on Finance-the specifications as to content 54 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1 9 6 6

being set by the committees. Later in the fall method bv which the staff of LKS is involved the traditional "blue sheet," comparing pre- in the development of legislation. For es- viously esisting law with modifications made ample, during fiscal 1966 they were called as by the new law, was prepared for the Com- consultants on such matters as the Northeast mittec on Finance. Four general briefing power failure, the sudden reversal of the Na- papers on the amendments were also pro- tion's agricultural situation, the new develop- duced by the division for quantity distribution ments in Soviet trade with the West, and the in answer to Member and constituent in- growing crisis over water resources. quiries. The first outlined the Medicare features, the second described the old-age and Preparation of Basic Materials survivors insurance and public welfare features, the third provided a brief history of the 'The second technique used by the Legis- legislation, and the fourth gave a thumbnail lative Reference Service to make its research sketch of all of its major provisions. and analysis available is the preparation of Assistance given by the Education and Pub- basic documents to be printed by the Congress lic Welfare Division to Members and the for distribution to the appropriate commit- committees in their legislative oversight func- tees, the Members of both Houses, and their tion were concentrated largely on the review interested constituents. To illustrate this ac- of the regulations issued by the Department of tivity, a sampling of questions received by the Health, Education, and Welfare in prepara- Science Policy Research Division follows with tion for launching the Medicare program on a brief description of the response to each. its effective date, July 1, 1966. Illustrative of Docs knowledge of the atmosplzeric sciences this activity was the staff assistance rendered suggest tlze possibility of zueatlzer modifica- to the Committee on Finance during its study tion and if so, wlzat are tlze needs for Federal and executive hearings on the Department's legislation? Although the effect of weather guidelines for the reimbursement of hospital on human affairs is widely recognized, scien- and other health facilities. Simultaneously, tists generally were pessimistic about its sys- the Department's interpretation of title XIX tematic control. Recent studies by the Na- (Medical Assistance Program) was questioned tional Academy of Sciences and the National as the States began their implementation of Science Foundation, however, were more op- the program. Staff assistance was rendered timistic and the Congress immediately became to the Committee on Ways and Means during interested in whether adequate support was executive session hearings when HEW and being given to weather research, which agen- State witnesses were questioned. Finally, at cies had appropriate jurisdiction, and what the close of the fiscal year the division, in con- legislation may be required to correct confu- cert with the American Law Division, ren- sion caused by the enactment of separate dered technical assistance to the Senate Com- weather control measures by the States. mittees on Finance and the Judiciary regard- Studies by the division led to the publication ing the question of the applicability of title by the Committee on Commerce of the 18 1- VI of the Civil Rights Act to the providers of page Senate Report 1139, Weather Modifica- health services under both the A and B pro- tion and Control. This study was used as grams of Medicare. background for the pending legislation, S. 2196 and S. 3342, the division su,pplying ad- Pr~legislativs consultation. Senior spe- ditional assistance in drafting major amend- cialists, who are consulted by Members and ments to S. 21 96 and the committee report by committees on broad problems of na- on the bill. tional policy not yet evident in specific Is Federal funding of cerotzautical research bills or resolutions, personify the third and development odcquate to meet national THE LEGISLATIVE REFERENCE SERVICE

rzceds in civil aviation? A 279-page study by duplicated. 1;ollowing discussions of this lim- the division was released by the Senate Aero- itation with the Director of the Service, the nautical and Space Sciences Committee as Senate Committee on Appropriations con- Senate Document 90, Policy Planning for cluded (S. Rept. 424, 89th Cong., 1st sess., Acronautical Research and Development. p. 12): Are statutory authority and executive branch organization and leadership adequate The Committee believes that the usefulness of to meet national needs in oceanograpfzj2 the Legislative Reference Service to the Congress Congressional interest in oceanography, which as a whole would be materially increased if the first arose in 1959, reached a peak of activity Service would from time to time circulate to all Members' offices lists of major reports it has pre- in 1965. Congressional concerns reflected in- pared on legislative issues of general interest. . . . adequate coordination of a program that was the responsibility of some 20 different execu- It was understood that the material would be tive agencies, and that appeared to be losing for the specific use of Members, available only rnomentum as measured by funds and accom- through Congressional offices and limited in plishments. Various legislative remedies were quantity. proposed in some 86 bills. At the outset of the Under these instructions, in September 1965 session, the division prepared a review entitled the Service initiated the monthly list LRS Abridged CIz ronology of Events Relating to A/iultilit/zcd Reports, kno~vninternally as "the Federal Legislation for Oceanograpf~y-1956- green sheet." Nine lists issued during the 1965, which was released as a committee print by the House Merchant Marine and Fish- fiscal year produced requests for over 18,000 eries Committee. The division then assisted copies of the 250 titles cited. The move various committees with S. 944, S. 1091, H.R. proved to be unusually popular and frequent 6997, H.R. 2218, H.R. 6457, and other bills. letters of appreciation have been received Out of legislative alternatives ranging from from Congressional offices. Not only are the establishment of a study commission to a new reports useful in decisionmaking but also in superagency, the House and Senate passed S. the preparation of Congressional newsletters 944, which was signed into law June 17, 1966. sent to constituents. Members in both Houses use them in drafting public addresses and radio Analytical Pro and Con Reports reports and as background material for tele- Probably the basic tool for providing back- vision debates and interviews. A dozen taken ground on public issues, these reports are the at random from more than 50 prepared by the third technique employed by the Legislative Economics Division alone in the past fiscal Reference Service for answering inquiries. year are typical : They may be replies specifically tailored to answer specific, detailed inquiries, each one a Major Federal Aid Programs to the States single memorandum for a single inquirer, or Community Antenna Television : An they may be broad briefing papers on subjects Economic Survey of general interest, duplicated in 350 to 1,000 Employment and Automation : Projec- copies. tions to the Year 2000 Because of restrictive language in the acts The National Debt: A Summary of appropriating funds for LRS, the Service had Views as to Its Role in Public limited its duplicated reports to a small stock- Finance pile for use in replying to specific inquiries The Housing and LTrban Development from Members and had never circulated lists Act of 1965, Public Law 89-1 17 : or announcements of the studies prepared and An Analysis 56 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 19 66 U. S. Seigniorage Receipts, 1900-1 966 tional crises increase the need for immediate Common Site Picketing in Construction facts-how much, how many, who, where, The Human Investment Act: Pro and when? Answers to these questions are found Con in the 9 daily newspapers, 2,500 serials, publi- Causes of Inflation and Some Tools at cations of nearly 1,000 lobby groups, and the the Federal Government's Disposal output of the Government Printing Office,

Demanding Payment of French Indebt- at the rate of two loaded-book trucks every edness to the United States: AT.-- day. These must be examined, clipped or in-

Trends and Prospects 450 each working day, were indexed and or- The Fair Labor Standards Amendments ganized for use. With such resources, de- of 1966 (H.R. 13712) as Passed by mands from Members for the identification of the House of Representatives, May statistics, quotations, or individual positions on

Yongress nas Deen me solves the recurrent problem of multiple re- LRS staff, and plies when 20 Members may require the same its members continue to identify and transmit document or report at the same time. T~ 1 1 information available in the vast and con- these needs duplicate copies of Pam- stantl~growing of the of phlets and documents are orzanized by sub- Congress- The modern scene, however, \ -. -. -. iect and maintained by the Librav Semices

Legislative Reference Service now ~0ntr01~ the inquihng Member within the hour. over and transmits information found in the Li- 150,800 of these copies were acquired and brary's printed collections in three ways: processed by the division in fiscal 1966. This subject-organized stockpile is also the basis for Loan of Library materials mass handling of constituent inquiries. By

I i formational materials and procure- islative Reference service, tens of thousands I

Rapid duplication of material through out the investment of additional research by photoreproduction the LRS staff. 1

The first, loan of books, magazines, and above sources-the bound volumes of the documents to the Members and committees, Library's collections, the clipped informa- continues to rise. In fiscal 1966 the Loan tional material in the Library Services Divi- Division issued 86,300 pieces for Congressional sion's files, and the stored pamphlet mate- use, '22,600 over the previous year's total. rial-is multiplied by the Service's extensive The control of daily, weekly, and monthly use of photoreproduction. Making the same information, second on the list, has become in- material available simultaneously to multiple THE LEGISLATIVE REFERENCE SERVICE

.ries. No institution is wealthy enough or has proaches and solutions, in recognizing impli- sufficient storage space to duplicate its com- cations. The research should be in a form -plete holdings in quantity. With the advent compatible to Member needs. It should re- of low-cost photoreproduction, however, the flect communication with the past (the his- Legislative Reference Service secured the torical record), the present (contemporary permission of some 800 book and magazine views of authorities or actions often not yet publishers to photocopy their copyrighted ma- committed to writing), and the future (antic- terial for use by the legislators. The capacity ipating and understanding social and tech- to duplicate portions of a publication while nological change, and budget commitments retaining the original to answer the next in- that preempt future options). quiry has brought spectacular increases not LRS must be prepared to assist committees, only in the speed of response but also in the implementing their staffs with expertise in flexibility with which Congressional offices can subjects not within their own competence, use the information. In fiscal 1966 alone, the furnishing background and other reports cur- Service forwarded 500,000 exposures of legis- rently as well as anticipatorily on issues under lative-related material to these offices. consideration, aiding in gathering and evalu- ating the facts, in identifying knowledgeable Responsibility and Purpose witnesses for hearings, in asking the right questions, and in analyzing the testimony de- These then are the mechanics for provid- veloped. It must be prepared to assist and to ing information and analysis. But after 20 work with committees prior to, during, and years has the role of the Legislative Reference after their hearings in all phases of committee Service changed? What are its proper areas functions. of responsibility? What can it be expected It must be prepared to assist the Members to do for Congress? What must it be able to in their capacity as legislators and as repre- provide? sentatives of their constituencies. LRS must Convinced that its role is clear, the Service be prepared to assist the individual Members can state its credo unequivocally: The LRS in their committee duties, and it must be pre- must be prepared to fulfill, effectively and pared also to assist Members who want in- vigorously, the information and research needs formation and research on issues not within of the Members and committees. It must be the jurisdiction of the committees to which prepared to assist the Congress in meeting they are assigned, or who do not have ready the new demands and responsibilities recent access to their own committee staff. It must years have placed upon the legislators. It be prepared to provide Members with general must help Congress attain parity with the reference service as well as legislative refer- executive branch in access to information and ence service, recognizing that the demands of expertise. It must have a capability that in- a Member's constituents may not be confined cludes not only information and research, to legislative or even governmentally related but also analytical, interpretive, and consult- requests. ative services, available when necessary on a LRS should be prepared to offer these serv- quick response basis. The research must be ices through a top-level research staff, pro- distinguished by being relevant, authentic and fessionals who have competence as specialists timely, compact and complete, objective and and at the same time are versatile and legis- nonpartisan. The research must be such that latively oriented, a staff who recognize that it will aid in identifying and sharpening legis- their role is not advocacy but the providing lative issues, in exploring alternative ap- of an analysis of the weaknesses, strengths, and 58 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966 alternatives of positions advocated by others, rendering. The Members noted the steady thus assisting the Member in reaching what acceleration of Congressional use and dis- he regards as the best decision. cussed the need for major strengthening of the staff. Several Members were disturbed by the increase of reference type inquiries and The Joint Committee on the of requests on behalf of constituents, fearing Organization of Congress a resultant erosion of the research and analytical functions of the Service. Others stressed Has the LKS read its role correctly? And the need for major use of computer-aided data if so, what changes are necessary to assure retrieval. The possibility of employing spe- Congress that the Service can meet its respon- cialists throughout the Nation by contract pro- sibilities? These questions were at the center grams was esplored as a means of regaining of the Joint Committee's examination of the parity with the executive branch's information Legislative Reference Service. sources and of strengthening Congressional in- Hugh L. Elsbree, Director of the Service, dependence in decision-making. Many sug- testified at length before the committee on gestions were voiced that the Service's tradi- August 2, 1965. Estensive informal personal tional detachment and objectivity in rcsfio~zsc discussions followed with individual Members to Congressional inquiries be broadened to an of the committee and the committee staff. initinlive role,' emphasizing alternative paths Dozens of detailed memoranda were prepared for legislation and possibly recommending po- in response to separate requests for informa- tential problems that would respond to legis- tion on specific aspects of the organization and lative solutions-again to regain the initiative service of the Legislative Reference Service, from the esecutivc branch and to strengthen including such specialized aspects as data re- the Constitutional separation of powers. Spe- trieval, an intern program for the Legislative cific techniques which would espand services Reference Service, the Service's capability to to committees were detailed and examined. contract for special research, significant assign- Which of these many paths and recommen- ments with committees, and automated selec- dations will be selected, which roles the Con- tive dissemination of information. gress wishes the Service to play in assisting it The committee's queries revealed a genuine with its legislative responsibilities is not now knowledge of the Service and a very real in- known. The Legislative Reference Service terest in its present activities as well as in pos- ended this 20th year with the Joint Commit- sible future services it can and should be tee's report imminent but not yet issued. The Reference Department

0 COVER the full scope of the ac- provide a continuing analysis of book delivery tivities of the Reference Department from the stack to the reader and reports of Tand its 17 divisions in a single chapter books not on shelf, with a view toward im- of an annual report is impossible. These ac- proved service to the users of the collections. tivities cover not only the whole gamut of Additional recommendations resulting from library functions, but also to a large extent the survey are still under study. As part of the functions of a scholarly community such the preliminary planning for the James Madi- as a college or university faculty engaged in son Memorial Building a comprehensive sur- the study and exploitation of incomparable vey of Reference Department space needs was resources. Current and long-range planning conducted and staff and space requirements for the growth and preservation of these col- for each division were projected for 1970 and lections formed the background for the per- 1985. formance of the whole Department's day-to- Bibliographical and reference exploitation day work and special projects. As in the past, of the various collections for the Congress, much time and thought were devoted to the U.S. Government agencies, the scholarly com- planning of internal departmental policies munity, and the public continued at the high and developments, but increasingly more time rate of recent years. A widening Government was given to interdepartmental discussions of community depends on the unique collec- Library-wide problems and plans for the ex- tions of the Library. Several divisions report- pansion of activities demanded of the Library ed wbstantial increases in requests from Mem- of Congress and its role as a national library. bers of Congress, and the reference activity of Throughout this report emphasis has been the Motion Picture Section rose. Also of con- placed on the present and potential effects on siderable national importance was the estab- the Library's many service areas of such ac- lishment in the Manuscript Division, under a tivities as the National Program for Acquisi- grant from the Council on Library Resources, tions and Cataloging, an overall preservation of a Center for the Coordination of Foreign program, the planning for the third building, Manuscript Copying. The center will seek to and the utilization of automated techniques. coordinate photocopying projects conducted The Reference Department, because of its in foreign libraries and archives by American wide range of both subjects and services, is institutions and to avoid duplication of effort deeply involved in each of these. and expense through cooperative planning. A management survey of the Stack and In conjunction with the center, the Librarian Reader Division was completed during the of Congress established an Advisory Commit- year. As a result, techniques were set up to tee on Photocopying Foreign Manuscripts to 59 60 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966 represent the Nation's principal learned, limited to the activities of the Coolidge Foun- library, and archival associations. With the dation, whereas this one took as its subject advice of the committee, the center will work the entire concert activity of the Library, rep- with American libraries, universities, learned resented by sis different endowments. societies, and Government agencies to Continuing to support the development of chamber music societies throughout the coun- Identify extensive photocopying projects try, the Coolidge Foundation subsidized seven which are completed, underway, or estension concerts in five cities. Through its planned subsidies, the Foundation has already been re- Record the location of existing photo- sponsible for the organization, development, copies for the information of scholars or strengthening of about 12 such organiza- Assist American institutions in learning tions. These subsidies consist of one-half the what manuscripts can be photo- fee for one or two concerts a season for not copied in foreign libraries and more than 3 years, after which the associa- archives tion is expected to continue on its own with- Suggest priorities of materials to be cop- out further help from the Coolidge Founda- ied by one or by several cooperating tion. This program has been successful, the institutions associations continuing to present chamber music programs in their respective cities on a Before the close of the fiscal year, George 0. subscription basis. Kent, head of the center, visited libraries The Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge Founda- across the country and sent out hundreds of tion Program for Contemporary Chamber letters to graduate schools, research libraries, Music continues to aid ensembles in develop- foundations, and individual scholars, informing their repertoire in the field of contem- ing them of the center's work and soliciting, porary music. During the past year, 13 pro- with extremely good response, information on fessional ensembles borrowed a total of ap- holdings and projects. Not directly connected proximately 60 works for the purposes of study with these developments but of great signifi- and possible performance. There is reason to cance to them was the meeting in Washington believe that at least half the works borrowed during May of the Extraordinary Congress of are actually performed in public. the International Council on Archives, the Thirty-seven concerts by distinguished art- delegates of which were entertained at the ists were presented during the year under the Library of Congress on May 12. Numerous auspices of the Gertn~de Clarke Whittall foreign delegates returned individually to the Foundation. The first concert of the season Library for extended briefings on policies and was presented in memory of the donor, Ger- procedures of the Manuscript Division and trude Clarke Whittall. Special mention must contacts were established that cannot fail to also be made of the concerts by the Julliard be useful to the Library's foreign copying String Quartet on April 7 and 8, at which the program. world premiere of Howard Hanson's Summer On the musical, literary, and artistic front Seascape No. 2 was given. This was written the year was rich and productive. The most in memory of the late Edwin Hughes, for many significant of the activities of the Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge Foundation was the Con- years secretary of the National Music Council ference on Chamber Music Activities, October and, as a native Washingtonian, an oldtime 29 and 30. The third such conference since friend of the Music Division. the death of Mrs. Coolidge in 1953, it differed Last year's report noted the establishment by inarkedly from its predecessors in one respect. Mr. and Mrs. Walter C. Louchheim, Jr., of a The discussion at the first two conferences was ftind for the distribution of tapes of the Li- The jurors, Jacob Landau, Mrs. Adelyn Breeskin, and Rudy 0.Pozzatti, shown with Alan M..Fern, Assistant Chief of the Prints and Photographs Division, select entries for the Library's 20th National Exhibition of Prints, postponed from 1965 to 1966 because of the renovation of the builditlg.

brary's music concerts to educational and commercial broadcasters throughout the country. Twenty stations, in 20 different cities, carried the broadcasts of the 1965-66 concerts. The warm reception given the delayed broadcast tapes has been encouraging for continued efforts. From both broadcasters and listeners come letters cornplirnenting the qual- lar blizzard for Arl Evenirzg's Frost, a dramatic ity of the Library's programs, the fidelity of portrayal of the late Robert Frost, presented the recordings-both monaural and stereo- January 31 and February 1 to large, enthusi- and the distribution services. astic, and warmly clothed audiences. Written Through the Gertrude Clarke Whittall by Donald Hall on commission from the Uni- Poetry and Literature Fund, the Library pre- versity of A4ichigan Professional Theatre sented 20 separate performances of 15 pro- Program, the poet's portrait was drawn from grams. Stephen Spender's opening lecture as his own poems, letters, and conversations, as Consultant in Poetry in English on October 11, well as his biographies, and brought to life 1965, and his closing reading on May 2, 1966, through arrangement with Lucille Lortel, brought the total to 22 performances of 17 Judith Rutherford Marechal Productions, programs in the 1965-66 series of literary Inc., and Konrad Matthaei, in association events. Twelve lectures and poetry readings with Jay Stanwyck. More than 700 people were heard by delayed broadcast over Radio came to hear a poetry reading by W. H. Station WGMS AM-FM. All of these pro- Auden on March 28, occupying every seat grams were tape recorded for the Library's and every step in the Coolidge Auditorium Archive of Recorded Poetry and Literature. and overflowing into the adjacent Whittall On October 6, 1965, at the opening program Pavilion, to which a public address system of the season, the first since the death of Ger- carried the poet's voice. The following eve- trude Clarke Whittall the preceding June at ning another capacity crowd heard the Soviet the age of 97, the Librarian paid tribute to poet Andrei Voznesensky read his poems in Mrs. Whittall, who made the programs pos- Russian with the American poet William Jay sible through the poetry and literature fund Smith reading English translations. Toward that bears her name. Katherine Anne Porter, the end of the season, on April 25 and 26, the evening's speaker, also paid tribute to Arnold Moss and Company presented a Mrs. Whittall. staged reading of George Bernard Shaw's Among the literary and dramatic events of Back to Methztselnh, adapted and directed by the year a few should be noticed. The Insti- Mr. Moss. A complete list of all concerts and tute for Advanced Studies in the Theatre Arts, literary programs is given in appendix 15. New York City, presented Jean Baptiste Ra- Seventy-two prints, selected by the jurors cine's Phddre in new English verse transla- from an offering of nearly 1,350, were dis- tion by William Packard, on November 22 played in the Library's 20th National Exhibi- and 23, under the direction of ~aul-Emile tion of Prints, formally opened on the last day Deiber, onc of France's leading directors. of April with a well-attended reception in Nature provided an appropriate if spectacu- the Great Hall. This exhibition, which had 62 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1 9 6 6

not been held since 1963 because of the reno- cation center for Japanese Americans at Man- vation work going on in the Main Library zanar, George Tames' negatives of President Building, was set up with the cooperation of Franklin D. Roosevelt's funeral procession, the Exhibits Office. the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation's documentary This Hour Has 7 Days, and Af- rican safari and wildlife films by Martin and Acquisitions Osa Johnson. The collections of contemporary American music were enhanced by the Important developments during the past gift of a number of autograph manuscripts, fiscal year intensified the acquisitions practices including William Grant Still's Afro-Americatz of the Library. As a preliminary to the ex- Synzphotzy, Leonard Bernstein's The Age of panded acquisition program envisioned under Anxiety, the entire score of Frederick Loewe's Title 11-C of the Higher Education Act of Camelot, and 13 manuscripts by the late Vin- 1965, the Reference Department in coopera- cent Youmans. tion with the Processing Department launched Through telephone calls, personal visits, new procedures in January 1966 to ex- and extensive correspondence the Geography pedite recommendations for additions to the and Map Division received as gifts from plan- Library's collections by circulating prepubli- ning agencies, chambers of commerce, and cation information in card form received by State geological surveys 3,400 cartographic the Processing Department from the national publications, among them some rare and dis- bibliographies of eight foreign countries. tinctive items. In addition, the Otto G.Lind- These cards are forwarded daily to the office berg Foundation supplemented its earlier cash of the Coordinator for the Development and grant for use by the division in furtherance of Organization of the Collections, where they its acquisitions program. are sorted and routed on a 48-hour priority Notable among many acquisitions was thc basis to the various recommending officers of famed Bay Psalm Book, placed in the custody the Reference Department, then reviewed of the Library of Congress by Mrs. Adrian and sent back to the Processing Department Van Sinderen of Washington, Conn. One of for airmail ordering and shipping. By the only 11 copies surviving from the original edi- end of the fiscal year the impact of the pro- tion, this is the last in private hands. Mrs. gram was being felt throughout the two de- Van Sinderen will retain ownership of the partments. volume during her lifetime. Other forms of acquisition activity occupied The existence of the Librarian's special various divisions of the Department. The fund, designated in the 1966 budget for the Manuscript, Prints and Photographs, and purchase of rare and unique materials, added Music Divisions have been seeking major ad- significantly to the Library's acquisition pro- ditions to the collections through letters and gram. Through this fund the Prints and visits to prospective donors. Tangible evi- Photographs Division acquired 25 original dence of success has been the receipt of the glass plate negatives made along the South Groucho Marx papers, including his remark- Carolina coast during the Civil War, and the able correspondence with such diverse per- Manuscript Division was able to purchase sonalities as Fred Allen and T. S. Eliot, and Grant Richards' papers relative to his biog- the papers of Edward L. Bernays, James M. raphy of A. E. Housman, a group of Martin Cain, Edward W. Bok, Maxwell Gitelson, Van Buren letters, some Charles Jackson cor- Frances L. Ilg, and Hume Cronyn and Jessica respondence, and a substantial addition to the Tandy. Among photographic gifts were An- Library's holdings of Admiral Mahan ma- sel Adams' negatives and prints of the relo- terials. THE REFERENCE DEPARTMENT

Earlier in this section visits to prospective advanced the Library's acquisitions objectives. donors were briefly mentioned. Another While visiting institutions in the Federal Re- form of visit is the acquisitions trip, usually to public of Germany, Sergius Yakobson, Chief a number of foreign countries, undertaken for of the division, secured lists of their publica- the purpose of shoring up existing purchase tions on which certain Library desiderata were and exchange arrangements, investigating the identified ;at the same time, Dr. Yakobson en- status of book production, both official and couraged these libraries to intensify and extend commercial, and establishing new or addi- their duplicate exchange programs. During tional acquisitions channels. his trip to Finland, Elemer Bako, Finno- Following a 3-month tour in Korea as con- Ugrian area librarian, obtained extensive lists sultant on library problems for the Depart- from bookdealers and libraries which were ment of State, Key P. Yang, Korean area subsequently used to strengthen the Library's librarian in the Orientalia Division, suc- Finnish collections. The presentation to the ceeded in acquiring through purchase, es- Library by the Embassy of Finland in Wash- change, and gift about 1,800 items in Korea ington of collections of Finnish children's and Japan. In the period from August books and of photographs of Finland grew out through December 1965, Cecil Hobbs, Head, of contacts established by Dr. Bako. South Asia Section, Orientalia Division, not Attendance at the Helsinki meeting of the only attended and addressed the 13th biennial International Federation of Library Associa- conference of the Library Association of tions and travel in other Scandinavian coun- Australia at the invitation of the Australian tries enabled Virginia Haviland, Head of the Government and spoke at a seminar on Children's Book Section, General Reference Southeast Asia under the auspices of the Na- and Bibliography Division, to arrange for the tional Library of Australia and the Australian exchange of children's books with the All- National University, but also strengthened the Union State Library of Foreign Literature in Library's procurement program in each of the Moscow, the Royal Library in Stockholm, the countries of Southeast Asia. During his visit University Library in Oslo, and the State Ped- Mr. Hobbs found it necessary to make ar- agogical Study Center in Copenhagen. rangements for new blanket-order dealers in Survey trips to the newly independent coun- Saigon, Kuala Lumpur, and Singapore. He tries of Africa were made by members of the directed particular attention to ways of secur- staff as well as by the two specialists from ing official publications and locating new outside the Library, Lorna Hahn and Mar- serial titles in the various areas covered. garita Dobert, who undertook the Reference Edgar Breitenbach and Alan Fern, Chief Department's Serial Survey Project, on con- and Assistant Chief of the Prints and Photo- tract. Sharon B. Lockwood, reference librar- graphs Division, attended the 6th biennial ex- ian and bibliographer, made a publications hibition of printmaking at Ljubljana, Yugo- survey trip to West and South Africa, and slavia, selecting prints by 30 artists from 9 Julian Witherell, Head of the African Section, countries for purchase with Pennell funds. accompanied members of the Processing De- They also located in Europe a number of 19th- partment to Israel and to East and Central and 20th-century prints needed to fill gaps in Africa to investigate the possibility of estab- the Joseph and Elizabeth Robins Pennell Col- lishing a collecting center in Nairobi under lection, as well as some older, mainly docu- the provisions of Title 11-C of the Higher mentary, prints for purchase by the Hubbard Education Act. Fund. Receipts through the Public Law 480 Pro- Two cultural survey trips by staff members gram continue the established trend. The of the Slavic and Central European Division bulk of current Hebraic material added to the 64 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 19 6 6 Library's collections during this fiscal year Mrs. Whittall's will. This bequest, to be used came from the Tel Aviv office. In addition, for additions to the Gertrude Clarke Whittall the program supplied many older Hebraic im- collection of musical manuscripts, enabled the prints, assisting the Hebraic Section, Orien- Music Division to acquire several early songs talia Division, in the completion of almost 100 by Alban Berg and the sketch of his Lyric multivolume monographic sets and a num- Suite. Already rich in the works of Arnold ber of major Hebrew serials. Publications Schoenberg, the collection thus gains even acquired from the Public Law 480 outposts in greater luster with the addition of the work of Pakistan and India continued to swell the one of his most famous students. Further Orientalia collections, and the bulk of the ac- grants were made to two other funds admin- quisitions from the Arab world came through istered by the Music Division. For the sev- the Cairo office. Just before the reporting enth time, a substantial gift for the purchase year ended, the program's coverage was es- of rare materials was received from the Heine- tended to Nepal; and the establishment of man Foundation for Research, Educational, additional centers projected by the Office of Charitable, and Scientific Purposes, Inc. Two the Coordinator of Overseas Programs shouId additions were also made to the Friends of further enlarge the Library collections. Music Fund. Over the years generous donors have en- Among other gifts of interest was the first riched the Library's resources by establishing installment of a unique collection relating to funds for specific acquisition programs. The the record industry and recording artists, as- James B. Wilbur Fund for copying materials sembled and donated by Ulysses Walsh of relating to American history in overseas re- Vinton, Va., an international authority on positories is one of these. Last year's annual earIy recordings. Twelve large wooden crates report announced plans by the Library of Con- filled with photographs, correspondence, gress and seven other libraries in this country scripts, and clippings, as well as 20 reels of to extend the Wilbur Fund by sharing the cost motion picture films and 225 sound record- of a negative film of the records of the British lings documenting the career of the well- Legation and consulates in the United States, known actor and folk music interpreter, Burl 1903-18. The first of these film records ar- Ives, were received by the Archive of Folk rived in fiscal 1966. The Wilbur Fund con- Song. Further significant additions to the tinued its support of the Library's representa- Archive were made through the generosity of tive in France, Mme. Ulane Bonnel. Ben Stonehill, who allowed the Library tc The Pennell Fund, mentioned earlier, is copy his tapes of 1,000 songs sung by Jewish used to purchase contemporary fine prints immigrants in New York City, recorded on chosen by a group of esperts for addition to phonowire in the late 1940'~~and of Halim El- the Joseph and Elizabeth Robins Pennell Col- Dabh, Egyptian-born composer-collector, lection. From the 20th National Exhibition whose 95 tapes of Ethiopian folk music were of Prints, the Committee To Select Prints for duplicated for the collections. The Archive Purchase Under the Pennell Fund recom- of Recorded Poetry and Literature was en- mended the acquisition of nine prints for the riched by the purchase of eight reels of tape Pennell Collection and from other sources se- recordings of the late Robert Frost, and by lected a group of Mesican etchings and litho- the addition of two talks, a public lecture and graphs of the 1930'~~recent portfolios of prints a poetry reading, by Stephen Spender, the by Arnerican artists, and three inajor prints by Consultant in Poetry in English. Important Lyonel Feininger. additions were made to the Alfred Whital The Gertrude Clarke Whittall Foundation Stern Collection of Lincolniana through the \\.as increased substantially under the terms of generosity of the late Mr. Stern and members THE REFERENCE DEPARTMENT

of his family, and the annual gift of Arthur Britain, the Netherlands, Hong Kong, Japan, Houghton, Jr., made possible the purchase of Poland, the USSR, and West Germany. Dur- Henri Becquerel's Recherches sur une pro- ing the project's 2% years, two announce- prie'te' nouvelle de la matiBre and the 1570 ments of issues available on microfilm and as Venetian edition of Aurelius Theodosius Ma- electrostatic prints were compiled and dis- crobius' In somnium Scipionis expositio libri tributed. The first listed 1,691 issues of 54 II et Saturnaliorum libri VII. titles; the second, a cumulation, listed 2,501 Although the problems of preservation are issues of 109 titles. The material assembled treated in the section on organization and by the project was also announced in the maintenance of the collections, these prob- Microfilming Clearing House Bulletin No. 84 lems are being resolved in one area, at least, appended to the LC Information Bulletin of through an active acquisitions program. In June 30, 1966. its continuing project to convert American An acquisition survey of U.S. newspapers, motion pictures on a nitrate base to safety undertaken by the Serial Division in fiscal film, the Library found that purchase of 16mm 1965, was extended to cover the foreign press. safety film prints whenever negatives could Completed this year, the survey resulted in be located is more economical than copying recommendations for permanent retention of , I the Library's own print. Furthermore, other 14 additional U.S. dailies and 96 additional fresh 16mm films were received from the foreign titles. As an outgrowth of this sur- 1 Bundesarchiv in Germany in exchange for de- vey, the division recommended paid subscrip- 1 teriorating nitrate films transferred to the Li- tions for all newspapers needed for the per- i brary by the Custodian of Alien Property. manent collections, rather than dependence I Some of the copyright receipts were notable. upon their receipt through gift or transfer. I The Motion Picture Section acquired prints ! of such popular motion pictures as Fail Safe, I ~Cleopatra,The Night of the Iguana, Becket, Organization and Maintenance of I Peau Douce, and Hard Day's Night. Among the CoIIections the nontheatrical films deposited, a Movie- tone special on Pope John XXIII and doc- The preservation of deteriorating library umentaries of the Good Friday earthquake in materials is one of the gravest problems con- Alaska and the 19 11 Willard-Dempsey prize- fronting librarians across the country. While fight merit particular mention. major planning in this complex area is under In the field of Far Eastern materials the study, the Reference Department expanded most significant accomplishment was the com- preservation projects already in operation for pletion, in April 1966, of the Chinese Period- materials in its custody. Books and newspa- ical Microfilming Project. This project, sup- pers, manuscripts and maps, motion pictures ported by a grant from the Carnegie Corpora- and photographic negatives are under con- tion of New York, was designed to make avail- tinuous survey to identify those items which able on film as many issues as could be found are deteriorating at a rate that demands im- of 166 selected mainland Chinese periodicaIs mediate remedial action in order to prevent in the social sciences and the humanities pub- total loss. Under the Brittle Book Project ad- lished between October 1959 and the end of ministered by the Stack and Reader Division, 1963. Extensive correspondence with li- volumes in the general col1ections which are in braries here and abroad brought gratifying re- far too advanced a stage of deterioration to sponse to the Library's search for the missing permit rebinding are located and prepared issues from U.S. institutions and from li- for filming. The project's pace was acceler- 1 4 braries in Czechoslovakia, France, Great ated and by the end of the fiscal year approxi- 66 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966 mately 450 volumes per month were being years to come. Similar in nature is the pro- processed and made ready for microfilming. gram to convert large collections of flat nitrate The Serial Division, in its efforts toward the photographic negatives in the custody of the conversion of deteriorating newspaper files Prints and Photographs Division to safety film and bound volumes to microfilm, recommend- and to print service positives. Under this ed 43 newspaper titles for filming. In addi- program the Library's invaluable collections tion, 4,025 reels of microfilmed retrospective of Historic American Buildings Survey nega- files were added to the collections, making tives and of Western America negatives are possible the disposal of 4,439 bound volumes gradually being preserved. of newspapers, and 4,788 reels of microfilm Different problems are involved in the pres- for current newspapers were added. ervation of other library materials which are With the cooperation of the Exchange and either fragile by nature, such as manuscripts, Gift Division and the Photoduplication Serv- or liable to damage through use, such as maps, ice, the preservation of the Library's rare ma- or liable to deterioration because of the chem- terials was furthered during the year by the ical nature of the material itself. The destruc- preparation of master negative copies and tive effect of the acid content of much 19th- positive service copies of valuable and unique and 20th-century paper is now well known. items in the collections. Six divisions of the Various methods of deacidification and larni- Reference Department-Geography and Map, nation have, in fact, proved quite effective in Manuscript, Music, Orientalia, Rare Book, arresting deterioration and in preventing and Prints and Photographs-recommended further damage through handling. Lamina- specific items deserving immediate attention. tion of many thousands of maps in the cus- Such diverse items as an original Aztec map, tody of the Geography and Map Division was dated about 1540, the Brass Band Journal of in the past the only measure taken to protect 1854, an album of rare chiaroscuro woodcuts them from damage through use. Recently, of the 16th century, and the file of the Mer- however, Library officials, in cooperation with cure de France, 1672-1810, illustrate the broad the William J. Barrows Laboratory, Rich- scope of this preservation project. mond, Va., reviewed this practice. As a re- Earlier in this chapter, reference was made sult the Binding Committee recommended to the acceleration of the program for the that all materials, including maps, be deacidi- conversion of rapidly deteriorating and in- fied prior to lamination. Because space, st&, flammable nitrate motion picture film to safety and equipment in the Government Printing film by the acquisition through gift, exchange, Office laminating unit are still inadequate, and purchase of 16mm safety film copies from this recommendation, while approved, awaits the original owners or producers. Simul- implementation. Deacidification and lami- taneously, duplicates were weeded from the nation of manuscripts are, however, already collection and nitrate films were discarded carried on, and it is standard procedure in after conversion to safety film. The alizarin connection with the organization and indexing red test, devised to detect the rate of deteriora- of large collections for the Manuscript Divi- tion in nitrate film, continued to be a useful sion to forward regularly to the laminating tool in preventing the loss of irreplaceable unit all manuscripts requiring treatment. nitrate motion pictures. While the conver- Salvage and preservation of deteriorating sion of American motion pictures to safety materials must be accompanied by a con- film has now progressed far enough for the tinuous ongoing program for the organization end to be in sight, there are still large quan- of the collections. As noted in previous years, tities of early German, Japanese, and Italian many types and formats of library materials, film which will need to be converted in the such as maps and noncurrent phonorecords, THE REFERENCE DEPARTMENT

fine prints and photographs, technical reports issues. The arrangement and collation for and manuscripts, constitute vast and invalu- microfilming of the newspapers received able collections which are not formally cata- through the Public Law 480 Program contin- loged. Responsibility for keeping such ma- ued. Equally important were the reorganiza- terials under control lies with the Reference tion and compact shelving of the South Asia Department, and much of the staff time of and Near East collections in an effort to re- its various custodial divisions is devoted to lieve the ever-increasing space problem. this task. Simultaneously a crash program was begun Despite lack of operating space, the Prep- to reorganize and bring up to date the serial aration Section of the Manuscript Division record for Arabic periodicals. succeeded in doubling its output over the Tivo temporary additional positions in the previous year and made considerable progress Rare Book Division made it possible to begin in converting catalog data to IBM format. the long-delayed cataloging of the ~lToodrow With a collection title as a base, data from ac- Wilson Library. As the year ended about cession records, case files, catalog cards, regis- 3,375 titles had been brought under control. ters, the Division's central charge file, reader Indesing of the division's important collection call slips, and other sources were recorded on of broadside songs, mentioned in last year's a master record with ~nultiretrievable ele- report, was completed this year, and a set of ments. To feed information about the use four comparable volumes labeled Anzerican of the collections into the computer, an IBM Broaclsicle Ballads, discovered in the classified card was designed and prepared for use as collections, was similarly indesed. a call slip beginning July 1, 1966. On an ex- With the addition to the Music Division's perimental basis, automated indeses were staff of a manuscript librarian, lvork was produced for registers of personal papers. started on the task of bringing the nonmusic One of the first useful products of the IBh4 manuscripts under control. A survey of the format was a shelflist which permitted the first manuscript collections and their particular complete and systematic shelfreading in the problems lvas completed, eight collections Manuscript Division in more than 20 years. were arranged in toto, finding aids were pre- Some misshelving was discovered; container pared for three additional collections, and and item counts were verified or corrected; \vork ivas started on the organization of the and items needing repair, rebosing, or labeling Edward MacDo\vell and Percy Grainger col- were brought to light. lections. The status of the phonodisc collec- Aside from the advances in general biblio- tion was improved by the arrival of new graphic controls, the Manuscript Division shelving equipment, making it possible to ar- processed ten collections, about one-third, in range about 20,000 previously unorganized the Naval Historical Foundation Project. discs. Taping of the rare discs in the John The sorting and listing of Chinese mainland Secrist collection \\.as virtually completed and provincial and local newspapers in the Orien- the originals \rere sealed in airtight packages talia Division, started late in calendar 1964 made from heavy kraft paper coated with through a grant of the Joint Committee on aluminum foil and polyethylene film. The Contemporary China of the Social Science tapes will be available for research, while the liesearch Council and the American Council original discs \\.ill be safely stored in their of Learned Societies, Lvas temporarily ternli- sealed packages in a temperature and hu- nated in the spring of 1966. During its 2 midity controlled area. The Recorded Sound years of operation, the project listed 37 titles Section's chief engineer devised a plan for the comprising about 78,000 individual issues and thorough cleaning of records by ultrasonics, weeded out approximately 160,000 duplicate and a prototype machine for the purpose was 68 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1 9 6 6

obtained and installed near the end of the for those libraries wishing to bring together year. Cleaning operations \\.ere scheduled to geographical works that are nornlally distrib- begin in the fall of 1966. uted throughout the LC classification. Al- The Geography and Map Division con- though some progress was made, much work ducted its 15th consecutive special project dur- remains to be done in developing the schedule ing the period from June through August fully. 1965. The 11 participants from 10 different With the provision of the necessary space colleges or universities concentrated on proc- and additional manpower, strides were made essing set maps and nautical charts, and al- toward the organization and control of the though the group was smaller than in previous technical reports collection, which has been a years, the accomplishments were outstanding. continuing problem to its custodian, the Sci- The annual and long-range results of the spe- ence and Technology Division. The backlog cial project have been abundantly demon- was cut in half, from 42,000 at the beginning strated over the past 15 years. A formidable of the fiscal year to 20,000 at its close. unprocessed backlog of 1 million maps, in- The hard copy collection of reports increased annually by acquisitions of some creased 20 percent. It is estimated that the 40,000 items, has been reduced to less than microfornl collection, which was enlarged by 50,000 sheets, and an estimated 500,000 sheets 28 percent, chiefly through the influx of micro- of retrospective maps have been added to the fiche, will grow so rapidly that it could reach Library's permanent collections. the million mark by the middle of 1968. Con- Attainment of three objectives was brought sequently, various methods for handling these perceptibly closer by the concentrated efforts materials in relation to both space and equip- of the regular processing staff of the division. ment are under investigation. The first was the conversion of single-sheet rnap titling to cataloging. This required the development of a catalog card to serve users Reference Services interested in the area, subject, scale, date, and reproducibility of a map rather than its author Its ornate decorations revealed in their orig- and title. With the assistance of Miss Lucile inal splendor for the first time in decades, the Morsch, employed as a part-time consultant renovated Main Reading Room reopened on through the Wilbur Fund, considerable prog- August 16, 1965. In comparison with the ress was made toward the development of a previous year, when it was closed, the Stack satisfactory catalog card, but review and ap- and Reader Division recorded a 19-percent proval by the Map Processing Committee are rise in the number of call slips submitted by still pending. users in both general reading rooms, and a As its second goal, the staff hopes to devise 20-percent increase in the total of books- a means for the rapid economical production nearly 3 million in all-reshelved' after use. of a limited number of catalog cards for carto- The Microfilm Reading Room registered a graphic and geographic materials. These continued increase in the number of readers cards are needed for the division's reading and an even larger rise in the figure for items roorn catalogs, for shelflist control, for the circulated. compilation of bibliographies, and for the The record number of materials issued by elimination of unnecessary copying of descrip- the Loan Division during fiscal 1965 was es- tions and dinlensions to anslver reference ques- ceeded during the past year. In fiscal 1966, tions and prepare photoduplication orders. for the first time, these statistics include loans The third objective is the development of an made from the reference collections of the alternate schedule for geography (Class GE) Capitol Library Station and the Senate and THE REFERENCE DEPARTMENT

House Book Rooms; even without this addi- the same level as the previous year. In re- tion, however, the total showed an increase sponse to considerable demand, the manual, over the previous year. The 10-percent rise in Bibliographical Procedures &? Style, was re- Congressional requests and loans to Members printed with only slight change, while a greatly and committees is a reflection of the extensive expanded edition of the old Arclzive of Re- legislative program. The total number of corded Poetry: A Checklist was completed for loans to Government agencies declined publication under the title Literary Record- slightly, but telephone requests from the agen- ings. The Library's contribution to the pro- cies, many of them expressing urgent needs jected union catalog of Italian 16th-century for materials to meet deadlines and support imprints was finished and sent to the project's crash programs, rose sharply. Repeating the editor. Work continued on the 10-year sup- pattern of the past few years, the greatest de- plement to the Guide to the Study of tlre mand was for publications in the social sci- United States of America. ences, followed by history, the natural sciences, The International Organizations Section and language and literature. continued publication of the World List of Loans to libraries outside the Washington Future International Meetings, which showed area totaled 32,200, a drop of 8 percent from a small increase in total number of entries and the previous year's peak; the number of items pages, and further study was made of the use lent to libraries in foreign countries, however, of automatic data processing in its compilation increased by 31 percent. In addition, loca- and publication. The African Section pub- tions from the National Union Catalog were lished two new bibliographies, Madagascar supplied for more than 2 1,000 items not avail- and Adjacent Islands; a Guide to Oficial able from the Library of Congress. In its Publications, compiled by Julian W. With- turn, the Library of Congress borrowed nearly erell, and The Rhodesias and Nyasaland; a 1,400 pieces from other libraries. While many Guide to Oficial Publications, compiled by of these were for use in contract bibliographies Audrey A. Walker. A revision of the Nige- and cooperative microfilming projects, others rian bibliography, almost double the size of were for the use of Members of Congress and the 1958 edition, was completed for publica- scholars doing advanced research in the Li- tion by Sharon B. Lockwood. Three other brary. bibliographies were in progress at the end of A pilot project begun in 1963, to permit the fiscal year. An increase of 47 percent in graduate students from three universities to the number of reference queries reflects the borrow books on a trial basis from the Library expanding reputation of the Children's Book of Congress through their university libraries, Section among teachers of children's litera- was completed in August 1965. As a result, ture, students, authors, and editors. In addi- the Librarian approved the extension of the tion, the section published the second annual interlibrary loan service to include the occa- issue of Clzildren's Books and Fables: From sional loan of unusual books for the use of Incunabula to Modern Picture Books, a bib- doctoral candidates. The expected rise in the liography issued in conjunction with the Li- number of such loans, following this liberali- brary's exhibition of fables. The Arms zation of loan policy, has not yet materialized. Control and Disarmament Bibliography Sec- The move back to the Main Reading Room tion expanded its quarterly bibliography was especially gratifying to the General Refer- Arms Control and Disarmament to include ence and Bibliography Division and its Public French, German, and Russian materials and Reference Section, which provides most of the added a subject index. direct aid to users of the Library's rkading The reopening of the Library's Main Read- rooms. Reference services remained at about ing Room and an internal realinement of ref- 70 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966 erence functions may have been contributing the increasing and repeated use made of its factors to a decrease during the year of the services and by the more cooperative response total direct reference services in the Science to its requests for data. The surprising num- and Technology Division. On the biblio- ber of foreign visitors who came during the graphic front, always one of the most impor- 1965 Congress of the International Federation tant areas in the work of the division, activity for Documentation gave evidence of the wide- was notable during the year. Volumes 7-10 spread interest in the referral center concept. ( 1958-61 literature) and the cumulated index The center's second publication, A Directory volume of Aerospace Medicine and Biology; of Irzfornzatio?~ Resources i72 tlze United a72 A?z?zotated Bibliography were published, States: Social Sciences, quickly joined the ear- completing a 12-year task and, in combination lier directory of resources in the physical and with volunle 11 (published in 1965), provid- biological sciences and engineering as a "best ing a link with Aerospace Medicine arzd seller." A directory of information resources Biology; a Co?zti?2ui?1gBibliograpl~y, which on Lvater was in press at the close of the fiscal began publication on a monthly basis in July year with publication espected in September. 1964. The abstracting and indexing of Ant- Requests for information from NRC show arctic literature published since 1961 con- little variation from the pattern previously tinued at an accelerated pace. The first 2,000 established : about 23 percent come from Gov- entries were published as volume 1 of Atzt- ernment agencies, 12 percent from educa- arctic Bibliography, while another 2,000 items tional institutions, 5 percent from professional were compiled to be published as volume 2. societies, 42 percent from commercial organi- Continuing publications compiled under zations, and 18 percent from individuals not contract included volume 19 of the Bibliog- identified with any group. The subject break- raplzy on Snow, Ice and Pcrnzafrost and vol- down is also similar to that reported earlier: ume 3 of the Air Force Scictztific Rcsearch physical sciences, 13 percent ; biological sci- Bibliography. ences, 16 percent ; engineering, 37 percent ; A number of fee bibliographies were pre- social sciences, 25 percent; and miscellaneous, pared, including two large projects for the 9 percent. Department of the Interior on the use of radio- The complexity of the information in the isotopes and chemical tracers and on power center's files has grown to the point where plants of Soviet dams. Other projects were manual procedures are no longer adequate. carried out for the Aerospace Medical Re- Regular revision and updating of the records search Laboratories at Wright-Patterson Air and their fullest utilization will require the aid Force Base, the Goddard Space Flight Center, of machines. A mechanization study of NRC and the Fish and Wildlife Service. New bib- operations Lvas undertaken by Information liographies were underway on weather modi- Dynamics Corporation, and its recommenda- fication research in the USSR, nuclear science tions were under consideration at the close of research in mainland China, and information the fiscal year. The same organization has storage and retrieval. also submitted a study of the problems in- As the National Referral Center for Science volved in subject-indexing the center's records. and Technology continued to develop its in- Responses to reference requests and compi- formation resources fro111 5,100 to more than lation of numerous short bibliographies were 7,600, the n~l~iibcrof requests for services also the major preoccupation of the Orientalia Di- grew. The year's total, 2,531, sholvs an in- vision's five sections-Chinese and Korean, crease of 12 percent over fiscal 1965. Greater Japanese, Hebraic, South Asia, and Near acceptance of NRC as a central source of re- East-which handled questions from Con- ferral information \vas demonstrated both by gress, Government agencies, and scholars all THE REFERENCE DEPARTMENT

over the world. Services included a lengthy the Library's Coolidge Auditorium. Several study of the Korean native heating system members of the division surveyed Slavic ac- known as ondol made for the Office of the quisitions programs in a number of academic Vice President, identification of the script institutions and made recommendations on and text in several photostats of old Syriac how to strengthen the collections. A display documents, and location of an account of a in the Rare Book Room was organized by the 17th-century Arabic traveler to Chile and division in honor of the millennium of Poland's Peru. Bibliographies were compiled on such adoption of Christianity, and Czechoslovak, topics as Chinese drama, the doctrine of sal- Hungarian, and Polish cultural organizations vation in the Qumran community, and the were assisted in preparing various commemo- Christian church and missions in Communist rative exhibits. Under the auspices of the China. The Chinese and Korean Section re- Hispanic Foundation, and with the financial ported a marked increase from both domestic support 'of the Ford Foundation, the division and foreign institutions for loan and photo- completed Latin America in Soviet Writings, duplication of rare and current materials. in two parts, covering the years 191 7-58 and New interest in current Japanese scientific and 1959-64, respectively. The second volume technical literature was evident from the was published by the Johns Hopkins Press mounting number of requests received from before the end of the fiscal year; the first ap- American industrial firms. Also significant peared immediately thereafter. Newspapers \vas the growing attention paid by scholars to of East Central and Southeastern Europe in the Washington Document Center collection, tlze Library of Congress, a companion volume which contains a number of regional studies to Newspapers of tlze Soviet Union in tlze Li- conducted by the Japanese before the Second brary of Congrcss (1962) was also released. World War on China, South and Southeast Public reference services were also on the Asia, and the Pacific islands. With the film- upswing in the Hispanic Foundation, rising ing of 73,5 11 cards the project to microfilm more than 40 percent over the previous year, the South Asia Section's Southeast Asia Sub- with a 46-percent increase in services to Con- ject Catalog, begun last year by the East- gress. A large number of the requests con- West Center at the University of Hawaii on cerned contemporary and recent materials, behalf of 7 other universities, was completed. the very ones most difficult to provide. The To supplement this filmed catalog, copies of annual Handbook of Latin American Studies current LC printed catalog cards, seros copies continued to be the division's single most im- of preliminary cards, and cards prepared in portant bibliographical enterprise. Critical the section for periodical articles and Pam- reaction to the decision made several years phlets will be supplied to the East-West ago to split coverage of the social sciences and Center. the humanities into separate volumes, pub- Direct reference services given by the Slavic lished in alternate years, indicates that the and Central European Division continued to new system is an improvement to staff, con- grow, the total of 41,198 queries showing an tributing editors, and the scholarly commu- increase of 4.6 percent over the preceding nity. A new addition to the Hispanic Foun- year. Congress remained the division's most dation Bibliographical Series was the Na- important patron, but there were numerous tional Directory of Latin Americanists. A requests from other Government agencies, number of bibliographic projects have been academic institutions, and individual clients. conlpleted or are in progress by specialists Bibliographic data for advance press releases working under the auspices of the Founda- were supplied when Soviet poet Andrei Voz- tion. One example of this is Latin America nesensky gave a reading from his works in in Souiet Writings, which has already 72 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966 been described. Three bibliographies still in the cartography of the American Revolution progress include Latin America; a Guide to to a study of Dutch sea atlases. Although the Historical Literature, Soviet Image of total direct reference services decreased Latin Anlerica Since 1945, and the Union List slightly from the preceding year, the only of Latin Anzerican Newspapers. The third is significant drop was in the number of form being prepared by the Library's Serial Divi- letters sent out, reflecting a welcome decrease sion. The Foundation also contributed to the in the public interest in the Descriptive List supplement to a A Select Bibliograplzy: Asia, of Trcnsure Maps and Cllarts in the Library Africa, Eastern Europe, Latin America, issued of Congress. . Other categories of reference by the American Universities Field Staff in service remained nearly constant except for calendar 1965. an increase of 32 percent in Congressional For the second year in its history, the Manu- requests. Completed projects included a pre- script Division was called on for more than liminary checklist of county maps showing 100,000 containers of materials by the patrons land ownership in each State, a checklist of of its Reading Room. Lengthened hours of the editions of John Mitchell's Map of North service on Saturdays Lvere welcomed by read- America, and a list of the variant editions of ers. Reference service was worldwide, re- Disturnell's Map of Mexico. The List of quests coming from 24 foreign countries and Three-Dimensional Maps was reprinted 45 States. As usual, there were inquiries from without change, and a new brochure describ- the White House, Congress, and other Govern- ing the division's collections and services was ment agencies on such subjects as the discov- published. ery and exploration of the Gulf of Mexico, the Over the past 6 years the reference services general assembly in Jamestown in 1619, the of the Music Division have expanded more in Library's Peter Force Collection, and locations the area of sound recordings than in any of papers of John Marshall. For discussions other. These are not limited to the new with Soviet archivists concerning exchange of media such as, for example, video tape and microfilms between the Soviet Union and the computer tape. One of the oldest forms of Library, the division prepared an annotated sound recording is enjoying a renascence: list of its collections relevant to Russian and piano rolls are once more "in" after being Soviet history. Interlibrary loans of photo- forgotten for a generation. Because of the copies were at the same level as last year with increased interest, the division's Steinway British reproductions regaining their custom- Duo-Art piano was repaired during the past ary lead, lost last year to Presidential Papers year and is now available to researchers on a microfilm. Ninety-four separate sets of the limited basis for playing some of the rolls in Presidential Papers films were sold, making a the collection. A new long-playing record, total of 848 sets sold since the inception of the Songs and Ballads of the Bituminous Miners program. Sixteen Presidential collections (L60), was released in December 1965, under have now been published, the Grant film and a grant from the Carnegie Corporation of index being made available during the year. New York. The songs were selected and A brochure describing the activities of the divi- edited by George Korson, Fellow of the sion and a register of the papers of Francis American Folklore Society. A two-record Bo~vesSayre also appeared. release, Railroad Songs and Ballads (L61 and Service to scholars, academic institutions, L62), is currently being prepared under the and Government agencies demanded the ma- editorship of Professor Archie Green, Li- jor attention of the Geography and Map Di- brarian of the Institute for Labor and Indus- vision. A number of authors used the col- trial Relations of the University of Illinois. lections extensively on subjects ranging from The number of readers served climbed from THE REFERENCE DEPARTMENT

16,947 to 17,216, almost equaling the divi- tion, 22 percent. Reference correspondence sion's alltime high. Congressional telephone showed a slight drop, but items requested for calls continued to rise, although other local photoduplication jumped from 1,50 1 to 2,686. calls showed a slight decline. Long-distance Such heavy use of the collection will probably reference calls, however, increased with the lessen as the National Register of Microform spread of direct distance dialing. Calls came Masters becomes more comprehensive. The primarily from New York, but also from other Rosenwald Collection was called upon repeat- centers of the music industry and from music edly for loans to other American libraries and schools over the country. institutions, including the Virginia Museum Although the Prints and Photographs Di- in Richmond, the Grolier Club, the Univer- vision spent almost half of the year in tem- sity of Kansas, and the University of St. porary quarters in the Annex, the final Thomas in Houston. The division also fur- statistics showed a great increase in reference nished much of the material for the Library's activity. The most dramatic growth was exhibits devoted to fables, current acquisitions, found in the reader use of the motion picture and the millennium of the adoption of Chris- collections, arising from the improvement of tianity in Poland. Miss E. Millicent Sowerby, the motion picture facilities and enlargement pursuing her own research, continued to work of the staff of the Motion Picture Section. on the reconstruction and identification of University-based film scholars worked in the the books in Thomas Jefferson's last library, division in unprecedented numbers and for which was sold in Washington in 1829. extended periods. There was a marked in- Increasing interest in the Serial Division's crease in Congressional film screenings, and juvenile literature collection was intensified new research projects within the Library drew early in 1966 by a revival of the Batman series heavily on motion picture facilities. Gregory on television, as well as by an Associated Press Peck and David C. Stewart visited the section news story, and by radio and television inter- to discuss the relationship of the Library's views with Charles LaHood, Jr., division chief. film activities to a proposed National Film The 19-percent decline from last year in the Institute. A new motion picture projection overall number of readers may well be at- screen was installed in the Coolidge Audito- tributed to the merging of the Periodical and rium for use with the new projector in the Government Publication Reading Rooms, rebuilt projection booth. The Reference Sec- since readers using both facilities were former- tion initiated a project to compile lists of ly counted in each. Service in the Newspaper available materials with copy negative num- Reading Room continued to show improve- bers on subjects of general interest, preparing ment since its move 2 years ago to an area ad- 65 lists on such subjects as White House brides jacent to its collections. Stack service was and weddings, Arctic explorers and expedi- accelerated, and a larger amount of self-serv- tions, taprooms and bars in 18th-century tav- ice by readers was made possible. Reference erns, and ballooning. Authors and scholars inquiries tended to be more serious in intent working in the division used all types of ma- and extensive in scope, resulting in an increase terial from pictures of the Washington Monu- in drafted letters and memoranda and a de- ment to German expressionist posters. crease in the use of form letters. The second Users of the Rare Book Division formed an volume of James B. Childs' Spantslz Govern- international set with England, France, Can- ment ~ublicnti'ons and a bibliography of ada, and Germany predominating. Of the United States Government reports by popular American States only New Mexico and Wyo- name were completed and publication of both ming were not represented. The number of was expected in the first half of fiscal 1967. readers increased 14 percent, and in circula- The latter, an outgrowth of a reference file 74 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966

Art Buchwald records on magnetic tape the introduction to his book And So I Told the President. He is assisted by Billy West, the blind tape technician in the Volunteer Services Section of the Division for the Blind. Front the master tape other copies are duplicated and may be borrozoed by blind and handicapped persons, who furnish their ozc-n equipment for listening. maintained in the division for some years, is Consultants expected to be a valuable aid in identifying this elusive material. Stephen Spender, English poet and critic, Statistics on reader and reference services served as Consultant in Poetry in English to are found in appendix 7. Only a few of the the Library of Congress from September 1965 bibliographies and other publications prepared to mid-June 1966. James Dickey, American by the Reference Department have been men- poet and teacher, and 1965 recipient of the tioned in this chapter. All titles published National Book Award for Poetry, the Melville during the fiscal year are included in the list Cane Award of the Poetry Society of America, of Library publications in appendix 14. and a Grant in Literature by the National THE REFERENCE DEPARTMENT

Institute of Arts and Letters, was appointed to and hand-transcribed braille was duplicated succeed Mr. Spender. by the Thermoform method. All procedures The honorary consultants are listed on and routines were reexamined and, if neces- page XI. sary, revised to permit rapid growth in service with a minimum expenditure of time and manpower. Services to the Blind Preparation for expansion automatically brought with it improved service to the more Blindness is only one of the handicaps that than 110,000 individuals who borrowed a make a person unable to read. There are total of 4,469,000 volumes of braille and re- those who, having lost the use of one or both corded material. Tables of contents printed hands, are unable to hold a book or magazine. in large type on the record jackets of talking- There are those whose visual handicap does book periodicals and a braille checklist which not meet the rigid definition of blindness but can be marked in braille by blind readers of who still cannot see to read. The Library's Braille Book Review were among the innova- Division for the Blind had long been aware of tions. First steps were also taken to improve these and other inabilities to read. Many per- the physical appearance of braille works. sons so handicapped had requested talking Decorated covers, cheerful colors, and attrac- books but were ineligible since the program tive title pages were tried. While such fea- was specifically limited by law to blind persons. tures are not personally noted by braille read- In recent years Congressional interest in the ers, favorable comments from their friends problem was stimulated by two factors: and relatives appear to bring a sense of satis- faction to blind persons. A few short pam- The increasing number of physically dis- phlets, reproduced in press braille, had the abled persons who wanted reading print editions bound in, enabling the blind materials suited to their needs reader to ask any member of his family for The obvious success with which the Li- a description of illustrations. For the first brary of Congress was meeting the time a recorded speller, Sound Spelling, was needs of blind readers provided on talking-book records and was favorably received. By the end of fiscal 1966, committees in both Blind persons were able to read Vinland Houses of Congress had favorably reported the Good Emerges From the Mists, Sorensen's out bills authorizing the Library to provide to Kennedy, and Capote's In Cold Blood be- all persons who cannot read because 3Lr any cause of the division's policy of promptly physical disability the same service it has been supplying braille and talking-book editions of providing to individuals who cannot read significant new titles. Books of a practical, because of blindness. informational nature ranged from the Glos- To prepare for the forthcoming expansion sary of Legal Terms for Secretaries in braille of its activities, the Division for the Blind to the Boy Scout Handbook on records. The systematically strengthened the collections in latter was a cooperative venture with the Boy the 32 regional libraries for the blind, planned Scouts of America, who provided half the for the establishment of new regional libraries, and built up its own reserve collection of financing. books, which had been started the preceding Volunteers continued to meet the special- year and stored at the Middle River storage ized, individual needs of readers through their depot. The number of copies to be acquired transcriptions into braille and on magnetic of press-braille books, talking-book records, tape. The Telephone Pioneers of America and books on magnetic tape was increased, began a nationwide conversion of two-speed 76 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 196 6 talking-book machines to three speeds to ac- ards for library service to blind persons were commodate 8 rpm recordings in addition to discussed in detail. the 16 and 33 rpm discs. Compact low-cost To conduct a program of effective service records can be used on the slowest speed. As to a section of the population that is dis- soon as a sufficient number of machines have tributed thinly and evenly throughout the been converted, the smaller records will be country, the division maintains liaison with used extensively in the program for the blind a growing network of libraries, agencies at all and physically handicapped. levels of government, private organizations, To promote effective use and to strengthen volunteers, and associations. Publications are coordination of its resources, the Division for extensively used as a means of communication, the Blind sponsored a conference of the 32 the Braille Book Review and Talking Book Topics gaining national recognition as prime regional librarians for the blind. Latest de- sources of information. Reference circulars, velopments and trends for the future were braille circulars, technical circulars, and bro- presented in areas such as aural indexing in chures on various topics meet other informa- recordings, expendable records, new types of tional needs. Participation in conferences mailing containers, and cassettes of magnetic and workshops has proved to be the most tape that require no threading and contain valuable means of gaining the understanding a complete recorded book in a unit the size and cooperation that are essential to the of an average volume of print. The develop- smooth operation of library service to blind n~ent,adoption, implementation of stand- persons. The Law Library

EW OF THE PROBLEMS faced by the the official gazettes, the ministerial decrees Nation in fiscal 1965 were solved com- and regulations, and the codes of many na- Fpletely. Most of them generated ad- tions in many languages, to determine which ditional, related problems that were added ones have dealt with the subject. Indexes are to the legislative calendar for fiscal 1966. It few and most serial publications must be ex- is small wonder then that the mounting pres- amined issue by issue, in inverse chronological sures on the Members and committees of Con- order, to at least the promulgation of the last gress were reflected in an increased use of appropriate code. If any material can be the services and resources of the Law Library. located, it must be read and interpreted by one The point of direct contact with Congress versed not only in the languages but also in in the circulation of legal materials and in the legal systems of the countries involved and oral legal reference service is the Law Li- the results translated into concepts under- brary in the Capitol. All Senate offices and standable to an American legislator, lawyer, 70 percent of those in the House availed them- or judge. selves of its services during the past fiscal year, In fiscal 1966 these studies covered such making 9 percent more telephone calls and topics as police, elections, jury selection, cen- borrowing 13 percent more books than in sorship, trade regulation, patents, conscrip- fiscal 1965. Readers from Congressional of- tion, disrespect for the flag and other un- fices increased 22 percent, asked 107 percent patriotic acts, travel restrictions, conflict of in- more questions on American law, and used terests on the part of public officials, and auto 65 percent more books. safety. Often the length of these reports bears AIthough there was a 13-percent decrease little relation to the hours of research that in the telephone calls from Congressional of- went into their compilation, since it is axio- fices to the Law Library in the Main Build- matic that it takes longer to find a mustard ing, loans resulting from these calls rose ap- seed than a cornfield. proximately 50 percent. A report on Communist China and one on The professional staff of the Law Library North Korea and the Democratic Republic in the Main Building provides Congress with of Vietnam were published as Congressional a research service in foreign law similar to documents. They were volumes 8 and 9 in that given by the Legislative Reference Serv- the series The Church and State Under Com- ice in American law. More and more in- munism, Report of the Subcommittee To In- quirers ask how other countries of the world vestigate the Administration of the Internal have dealt with a specific problem. To an- Security Act and Other Internal Securit} swer such requests it is necessary to consult Laws to the Committee on the Judiciary,

-I -I United States Senate (89th Congress, 1st session). Acquisitions The Friends of the Law Library of Con- NATVRA gress made possible the purchase of the year's outstanding acquisition, a copy of Natvra breztizcnl itz Etzglishe r~cwelyecorrected: with diucrs addiciotzs of statutes, booke cases, plecs Ratutes, booke cafes, plees in in abatcmc?ztcs of the saide zurittes: and theirc abatementce of tbc rafbe dcclaraci6s: . . . printed, as the colophon hr2ittcs:anbtbcire oc~ states, by Rychard Tottil in 1557-one of two clarati6s:anb bar; editions he issued in English that year. ree to the latne According to Robert Bowie Andersorz's a~dcbanb put Sztpplcmcnt to Bcale's Bibliography of Early in then pla9 English Law Books (1943), the only other ces molte con!Jed known copy of this particular 1557 edition i nltt, is in the Harvard Law School Library. The copy acquired by the Library of Congress brings to 11 the number of editions in its rare law book collection. Joseph Henry Beale in his Bibliography of Early Etzglish Law Books ( 1926), which An- derson supplemented, lists 30 editions of Na- tura Brevium in both law French and English printed before 1601, evidence of its importance in the development of English law. From the late 13th to the early 18th century the maintenance of a legal right de- pended on the existence of a legal writ. If there was no writ to cover the complaint, there was no remedy. The original manuscript of Natura Bretlium (The Nature of voted unanimously to purchase Natura Writs), compiled in "law French" by an un- Brcviunz and directed the treasurer to forward known practitioner during the rei

. -.. - - The title page and colophon of the Library's new Natura Brevium. Tottel. as he also spelled his name, is widely known for his Miscellany: Songes and Sonettes, by Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, Sir Thomas Wyatt . . . and Uncertain Authors.

mer discussed acquisition problems with area , specialists at Harvard, Yale, and Columbia; : the latter explored similar problems at the principal law libraries in New York, Chicago, tedat L o~ldonitr f/ere I?ret and Cincinnati. fE I Although no official acquisition field trips htmin enlpie barre$t lbe were made outside the United States by mem- of h fyg~u the hand aad ! bers of the staff during fiscal 1966, Edward narrr,bp 2;pctiaro Sourian, Turkish legal specialist in the Near gott~f,{?* rruii. Eastern and African Law Division, took ad- bare of Qtb~a= a tpe, vantage of a visit to his native land to pur- arm0 botnrni.r~~7: chase more than 300 volumes from various (0 ministries of the Government. After checking approximately 18,000 items in more than 2,200 catalogs, bibliographies, and other sources in more than 40 languages, divisional officers recommended the acquisition of over 2,500 titles. During the fiscal year 23,822 books and pamphlets, 83,204 issues of serials, 23,308 records and briefs of Federal courts, 247,956 looseleaf inserts, and 11,500 pocket parts poured into the Law Li- brary along with uncounted thousands of slip laws and advance sheets of judicial and quasi- judicial decisions.

promote the acquisition by the Law Library Organization of the Collections of printed books, pamphlets and manuscripts, and other source materials in the field of law Reorganization and preparation character- through direct donations thereof and through izzd the past fiscal year as far as the collec- gifts and bequests." Officers are William Roy tions of the Law Library were concerned. At Vallance, president, James 0. Murdock, vice the annual meeting of the American Associa- president, Robert N. Anderson, secretary, L. tion of Law Libraries in St. Louis, Mo., in Alton Denslow, treasurer, and Lewis Coffin, June 1964, the Library announced the immi- Law Librarian, member of the executive nent completion of the -notation scheme for council, ex officio. th'e American Federal and common law sec- In the interest of the development of the tion of the schedule for Class K (Law) and its collections both the Chief of the Far Eastern probable application in fiscal 1966 to current Law Division and the Law Librarian made receipts. The two positions granted by Con- field trips within tk.e United States. The for- gress in the appropriations for 1966 "To pro- 80 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 19 66 vide staffing for locating, shelving, reshelving, Division, provision was made for the future and recordkeeping activities in connection transfer of the official gazettes of the African with the application of classification scheme nations from the general collections, and the (Class K) to the legal collections" were allo- Southeast Asian legal materials, including cated to the American-British Law Division. those transferred from the Reference Depart- The planning and supervision of the program, ment's Orientalia Division, were brought to- however, were assigned to the .processing co- gether. ordinator of the Law Library. In addition, the Law Library's processing The promised rapid development of the no- coordinator proposed plans for the elimination tation scheme was slowed by the protracted of arrearages in shelflisting, in binding prepara- illness of a Processing Department staff mem- tion, and in disposal of unneeded duplicates to ber who had been vitally involved in the make place for the Federal and common law project since it was undertaken. Neverthe- materials to be brought under Class K. Per- less, the Library decided not to delay the haps the most important program was the dis- initiation of the program until the completion position of approximately 90 percent of the of the Federal law notation but instead to be- "flag collections" of the European Law Divi- gin with the legal periodical collection of sion-collections of books that are neither 35,000 volumes, for which the notation had shelflisted nor given full cataloging but are already been completed. identified roughly by a flag-shaped card pro- Work was immediately begun on the revi- jecting from the top of each volume. Dupli- sion of the shelving of that collection. Hun- cates were removed, uncataloged materials dreds of volumes returned from the bindery were integrated with the arrearage that is be- during fiscal 1965 were shelved; unneeded ing returned to the Processing Department fgr duplicates and odd volumes were discarded; cataloging, and the remainder were shelflisted. and sets of nonlegal periodicals were returned Many were then sent for binding and repair. to the general collections. A room in the The small number of volumes still remaining foyer of the Law Library was constructed for in these collections will be similarly treated the use of a team from the Processing Depart- during fiscal 1967. ment, and in mid-March the classification of Cther significant gains can be summarized the legal periodicals began. briefly for the record : he revision of the legal periodical collection concluded, the two new employees, as- The Processing Section transferred over sisted by members of the American-British 3,200 pieces dealing with foreign law Law Division staff, began to assemble in two to the proper divisicns and cleared collections approxin~ately 30,000 American space for the shelving of an addi- and 16,000 English legal treatises from the tional 8,000 volumes of American regular American and English treatise collec- legal treatises. tion, from a live storage collection in the Law Assistance provided by the American- British Law Division speeded up the Library, ?.;id from material temporarily re- separation of the English and Ameri- turned from storage at Middle River, Md. can legal treatises and the reviewing An unanticipated benefit resulting from the of the material returned from breakup of the live storage collection was the storage. recovery of enough space to allow the consoli- The European Law Division reviewed dation of a few of the scattered collections. over 300 looseleaf publicatipns and African law materials were removed from the discarded 91 found to duplicate American-British and European Law Divi- other materials. Nearly 50,000 un- sions to the Near Eastern and African Law usanted single issues of foreign legal THE LAW LIBRARY

serials in the European law collec- Library needs totaled 5,293. The fiscal year tions were eliminated, freeing ap- ended, therefore, with 1,109,896 volumes in proximately 200 shelves in the the permanent collections, a net gain of 21,050. process. This figure does not include the 250,000 to The Far Eastern Law Division sorted and 350,000 books now shelved in Classes A-J and arranged 17,500 Japanese, 9,900 L-Z in the general collections, which will be Indonesian, and 9,000 Chinese pieces transferred to the Law Library with the appli- of legal serials, for binding into 141 cation of Class K, nor the uncataloged law volumes. hooks transferred to the Law Library over the The Hispanic Law Division arranged years, nor the thousands of boxes (equivalent 12,500 issues of legal serials from 13 to volumes) of unbound records and briefs countries, noting gaps and correcting from the Federal courts. Neither does it ac- shelflist entries. count for the books on international law in The Near Eastern and African Law Divi- the custody of the Law Library but classified sion sorted and prepared for binding from 2001 on in JX. 2,750 pieces of serials from 4 African More significant still is the fact that this countries and identified and listed figure does not reflect the number of valuable over 650 statutes by scanning nearly legal items from the collections of the Library 6,000 official gazettes now in the of Congress and of other institutions now Government Publication Reading available in the constantly growing microcopy Room. collections in the custody of the Microfilm To say that the Law Library has improved Reading Room. the organization of its collections appreciably during the past fiscal year is to cloak a praise- worthy accomplishment with modesty. The Reference Services flag collections have been almost completely brought under inventory control. The un- Overall figures for the five divisions of the cataloged arrearage is being reduced at the Law Library showed increases of 27 percent rate of 30 volumes a week. The Near East- in the number of readers, 21 percent in the ern and African law collections have been con- questions asked, and 35 percent in the num- solidated. And, what is of most immediate ber of books used. Telephone reference and importance, the American law collections loan calls remained the same. stand ready for the actual application of Class Use of the Anglo-American Law Reading K. Room of the American-British Law Division, which continues to soar, offers some interesting comparisons. The number of readers in- Status of the Collections creased at the same rate as for the Law Library as a whole, 27 percent, questions asked On June 30, 1965, the permanent collections of the Law Library contained 1,088,846 by 5 percent, and books used by 60 percent. volumes. Additions during the following year Reference service was improved by the ad- were from three sources: 22,697 volumes dition of a library assistant in the Anglo- through the usual acquisition channels, 3,229 American Law Reading Room and of a legal through the binding of serials, and 41 7 through specialist for Arabic countries and a librarian- the binding of records and briefs. Volumes bibliographer for Africa in the Near Eastern removed from the collections because they and African Law Division. The service has \\.ere worn out, superseded, or surplus to Law also been strengthened by the shelving and 82 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966

consolidation of the collections preparatory the achievement of mutual goals. Luther H. to the application of Class K. Evans, formerly Librarian of Congress and now the director of the International and Legal Collections, Columbia University Law Professional Activities ~ibrary,indicated his wish that the participate in planning the symposia on the cen- At the request of the chairman and execu- tral areas of the world to be held in about 2 .tive director of the World Conference on years at the dedication of Colunlbia Univer- World Peace Through Law, held in Washing- sity's new international affairs building. ton September 12-18, 1965, the Law Librar- ian and the Associate Law Librarian cooperated with the National Archives and Records Liaison Committees Service in planning the World Exhibit of Law Codes and Historic Law Documents, submit- The Law Library benefits from the interest ting lists of ancient codes and other historic and counsel of two committees, one from the documents, many from the Library's collec- library profession and the other from the bar. tions, and suggesting security measures for Members of the Library of Congress Liaison the display of both originals and copies. Tan- Committee of the American Association of gible evidence of the Library's participation Law Libraries for the fiscal year were Arthur can be seen in a brochure issued for conference A. Charpentier, president of AALL, chair- delegates that reproduced several items from man; Earl C. Borgeson, librarian, Harvard the collections and in the exhibit at the Na- Law School Library; Beverly J. Pooley, ditional Archives in which certain rare items rector, University of Michigan Law Library; lent by the Library were included. Bruno H. Greene, director, University of In an effort to bring about a better under- Minnesota School of Law Library; Louis standing of the needs of attorneys in the field Piacenza, librarian, University of California of international law and the assistance that at Los Angeles School of Law; and Lewis C. law libraries can give them, the Law Librarian Coffin, Law Librarian of the Library of Con- and the president of the World Peace Through gress (ex officio) . Law Center joined in sponsoring a meeting Serving on the American Bar Association's on December 1, 1965, about the compilation Standing Committee on the Facilities of the and dissemination of bibliographies, direc- Law Library of Congress ere David J. Mays, tories, and other materials on foreign and chairman, Catherine Anagnost, John W. international law. Not only did the president Cragun, and John 0.Dahlgren, all attorneys- of the center express the hope that the group at-law; and library directors Earl C. Borge- would hold periodic meetings but the execu- son, Harvard Law School Library, Forrest S. tive director, at the luncheon which followed, Drummond, Los Angeles County Law acknowledged the awareness of his group of Library, and Lawrence J. Turgeon, .Vermont the cr>ntributions that ]-.&I librarians make to State Library. The Administrative Department

VERY CUBIC INCH of space is a miracles of the mid-20th century. Since fiscal acle." So wrote poet Walt Whit- 1963 a massive effort has been underway to man in 1856 in his poem Miracles. modernize the heating-ventilating system of While he no doubt intended a metaphysical this late-19th-century building. That the ef- import, there were times during recent fort has been successful is a tribute to the es- months when the staff of the Administra- pert planning of the staff of the Architect of tive Department could echo his sentiment in the Capitol and his consultants and to the a more mundane context-although not yet efficient work of the contractors. Most grati- measuring needs in cubic inches. Finding fying of all, however, is the comfort that the space in the Library buildings and juggling users and staff members of the Library now staff and collections to fit were a major pre- enjoy, despite inconveniences during the re- occupation reaching such a critical point in construction. The system was installed in a midyear that steps were taken to rent addi- newly renovated cafeteria in fiscal 1963. Late tional space. The Department staff, of course, in that year and during fiscal 1964 the work was concerned with the many other activities moved to the north perimeter of the Main which are detailed in the following pages, but Building and into the north bookstacks. In many of these were affected directly or in- fiscal 1965 work continued in the bookstacks directly by space problems. It is hoped that and was completed in the central octagon, in- Whitman's miraculous cubic inch will never cluding the Main Reading Room. Work be- become a prime necessity for the Library of gun late in fiscal 1965 in the south perimeter, Congress, but resources of both space and the east addition, and the west front was com- money were among the serious concerns of pleted the next year, along with the north- this Department in 1966. east, south, and southeast bookstacks. At the close of fiscal 1966 practically all of the Main Building was benefiting from these improve- Structural Changes ments, with only a few offices remaining for a final effort in the next year or so. Although fiscal 1966 was the third year of Concurrent with the hea ting-ventilating discomfort to some occupants of the Main work in fiscal 1966 was a cecond phase of an Building-the discomfort of moving tem- almost equally massive effort to replace the porarily into other quarters while their usual 19th-century plumbing. The first phase was offices were taken over by workmen-its close undertaken in fiscal 1965 along with the reno- brought to virtually all of the 69-year-old vation of the Main Reading Room and con- Main Building the refreshing ventilation mir- centrated on the replacement of downspouts 83 84 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966

and storm drains in the central octagon area. Projects to provide more modern lighting During the second phase additional down- in both buildings continued during fiscal 1966. spouts and storm drains were replaced, chiefly The first major relighting of Annex office areas on the south side of the building. A number resulted in the installation of fluorescent fix- of waterlines also were installed. Work in- tures in all perimeter offices on the first floor, volving the cellar areas was completed so that establishing a pattern that will be followed in new floor tile could be placed throughout that other office areas of that building. In the level-a project that was underway at the Main Building the first major undertaking close of fiscal 1966 after delays resulting from was in the Main Reading Room, described in technical problems. New restrooms were in- last year's report. The next effort was not stalled in the west cellar and in the west front in office or reading areas but in the book- of the ground floor. Plans were well advanced stacks where modern illumination has been at the end of the year for the third phase of badly needed. With an appropriation of the plumbing modernization, which would $320,000, the former incandescent lighting in complete the replacement of piping and the all 85 miles of Main Building bookstacks is renovation of most of the other restrooms in being replaced by fluorescent fixtures. Dur- the building. This project also is under the ing fiscal 1966 all lighting in the southeast supervision of the staff of the Architect of the bookstack was replaced and nearly all in the Capitol, with an appropriation of $2,225,000 northeast bookstack. Similar fixtures were made in fiscal 1964. selected for use in the perimeter offices on the Structural changes in 1966 extended be- Main Building ground floor. These will be yond these major replacement programs. Be- installed during fiscal 1967. cause of critical shortages of space within the A minor structural improvement in the two buildings an appropriation of $180,500 Annes was the replacement and widening of was authorized for the construction of offices the ramps to the Annes subbasement garage. on the fourth floor of the Library Annex, an As part of this project, special heating pipes area heretofore used only for storage of furni- were installed in the concrete driveways to ture and files. Work, which began in the prevent freezing during cold weather. The summer of 1965 and was completed early in winter of 1966 with its unusual blizzard pro- calendar year 1966, included the installation vided a successful trial of this new system. of adequate ventilation, floor tile, lighting, partitions, and additional restrooms. Al- though the fourth floor is a windowless area Restoration with sloping ceilings, the excellent ventilating system and light colors have helped to create Under a continuous program many of the some 15,000 square feet of badly needed office artistic features of the,JMain Building have space. Other offices of a far more temporary been undergoing repair and restoration dur- nature, totaling about 5,600 square feet, were ing the past 10 years. The granite exterior installed, with the greatest regret and only was cleaned, and after more than a half cen- out of sheer necessity, in the mezzanine of the tury the elaborate interior decorations re- Great Hall of the Main Building for the use quired cleaning, repair, and other restorative of the Legislative Reference Service. Even measures. Although the extent of the work though they are, expected to be used only has been reduced, the program itself is ex- until the opening of the third Library build- pected to continue for many years. The next ing, these offices required good lighting and a major effort, however, must await the open- rather extensive system of supplementary ven- ing of the planned third building when the tilation. principal public areas in the Main Building I THE ADMINISTRATIVE DEPARTMENT

I may be cleared of temporary offices and res- year in the process of moving to freshly tiled I toration to their original purposes can be and painted space on the west side of thc I undertaken. Annex first floor. Within the Processing De- Following the reopening of the Main Read- partment, the Order Division was moved into I ing Room on August 16, 1965, described in the newly renovated Annex fourth floor, while detail in last year's report, restorative work the space it vacated on the second floor was was directed toward the west-south corridor assigned to the Exchange and Gift Division. and curtain on the first floor. In both areas Both moves were related to preparations for the painted ceiling decorations and wall areas the expanded acquisitions and cataloging and the marble and mosaic wall embellish- operations. ments were carefully cleaned. This alone has restored much of the brightness to the colors. Gold leaf used extensively in these areas Third Building proved to be surprisingly durable and has re- sponded well to simple cleaning. Washing Last year's annual report brought the his- and polishing the marble pillars in both the tory of the Library's third building to the corridor and the curtain, originally the House legislation authorizing the erection of the Li- of Representatives Reading Room, have brary of Congress James Madison Memorial brought back their original beauty. The same Building. on the site immediately south of the is true of the Frederick Dielman mosaics over Library's Main Building and authorizing $75 the marble fireplaces in the old House Read- million for its planning and construction- ing Room. Public Law 89-260, approved October 19, 1965-and to the act containing an appropriation of $500,000 for preliminary planning and Space Changes cost estimates-Public Law 89-309, approved October 3 1, 1965. Construction will be the During the past 3 years many staff members responsibility of the Architect of the Capitol have been moved either into temporary loca- under the direction of the House and Senate tions to clear space for construction or into Office Building Commissions and the Joint new quarters. Fiscal 1966 was typical of these Committee on the Library after, as the law years. Eight divisions of the Legislative Ref- provides, "consultation with a committee erence Service, at least parts of seven divisions designated by the American Institute of Archi- of the Reference Department, and portions of tects . . . ." Membership in the 3 Congres- the Librarian's Office and the Administrative sional groups totals 22, including 1 dual mem- Department were moved-sometimes twice- bership on the Senate side. By general agree- to allow access for construction activities, ment, an overall Coordinating Committee principally the installation of the heating- made up of representatives from each group ventilating system. A few moves of a more appointed by the individual chairmen will permanent nature were made, partly as a work directly with the Architect of the Capitol planned sequence growing out of the removal throughout the project. Its members are of units to the Navy Yard Annex during fiscal Representative Emanuel Celler from the 1965, and partly to accommodate the staff House Office Building Commission, Senator planned for the accelerated cataloging pro- Karl E. Mundt and Senator Edmund S. grams. The Science and Technology Division Muskie from the Senate Office Building Com- began the move of its units to the fifth floor of ~nission,and Senator B. Everett Jordan, Rep- the Annex but will not complete it until fiscal resentative Omar Burleson, Senator Hugh 1967. The Orientalia Division ended the Scott, and Representative Glenard P. Lips- REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966

comb from the Joint Committee on the Li- subject-classified collections seems small, the brary. In addition, Representative Howard storage of an additional 190,000 volumes and W. Smith and Clinton M. Hester, chairman of pamphlets in already crowded stacks was a the Executive Committee of the James Madi- major problem. The office coordinated and son Memorial Commission, were appointed to supervised the cleaning and, frequently, the represent the commission in developing plans shifting of 2,3 18,800 volumes and participated for the hall honoring the fourth President. in developing plans for a proposed comprehen- The Coordinating Committee first met on sive cleaning of the Main Building's 300,000 March 10, 1966, and approved the retention square feet of bookstack area, in which un- of Roscoe DeWitt of Dallas, Tex.; Alfred expected and widely distributed dust and Easton Poor and Albert Homer Swanke, of grime were left in the wake of the recent ven- New York City; and Jesse M. Shelton and tilation project and other structural work. A. P. Almond of Atlanta, Ga., as the associated Under the plan, collections would be brought architect-engineers for the preliminary plan- into the best condition attainable by the time ning project. The contract was entered into the third building is ready to be occupied. A on June 10, 1966. This renewed an associa- pilot cleaning project began late in June 1966. tion of 5 years past, when in April 1961 this Over 1,750,000 pounds of materials from group began its work on preliminary plan- the two Library buildings have been trans- ning for a third Library of Congress building ferred to the Library's storage facilities at Mid- which, because of esternal circumstances, did dle River, Md., since June 1964. Nearly 150 I not go beyond the planning stage. round trips have been made by staff members On March 4, 1966, the Libmrian an- of this office and of the Buildings and Grounds nounced the appointment of Robert H. Rohlf Division in the intervening 2 years. In vary- 1 as Coordinator of Building Planning to work ing degrees, storage has brought temporary re- with the Library staff, the Office of the Archi- lief to the Copyright Office, the Law Library, tect of the Capitol, and the contracting archi- the Legislative Reference Service, the Office tect-engineers on all phases of the project. of the Secretary of the Library, the Division i By the end of the fiscal year, departments of for the Blind, and the Buildings and Grounds, the Library had either submitted or were pre- Exchange and Gift, Manuscript, Music, Sci- paring program statements outlining their ence and Technology, Serial, Catalog Mainte- space needs as projected for 1970 and for 1985. nance and Catalog Publication, and Subject On these statements will be based decisions Cataloging Divisions. Certain of these, par- not only for space assignments in the new ticularly the Division for the Blind, require building but also for reassignment in the pres- frequent use of the materials at Middle River. ent buildings. About 80 percent of the storage space is occupied, but at the fiscal year's end the pros- pect of acquiring additional outside space for Collections Maintenance and the Division for the Blind to provide reason- Preservation ably operable facilities in one structure and the extension of its services to the physically handi- TOrelieve the services and collections suf- capped under Law 89322 fering from space-shrinking pains, the ofice owed the return to Washington of the divi- of Collections ~~i~~~~~~~~and preservation sion's entire holdings, releasing some of the directed the shifting of over a million and a Middle River storage Space for relief in other half pieces in the book collections in an effort areas- to accommodate the normal annual acquisi- With the installation of the ventilation sys- tions. While the 2.7-percent increase in the tem throughout the Main Building, conditions THE ADMINISTRATIVE DEPARTMENT

for the preservation of materials have been ap- delayed contracting for the work, now ex- preciably improved. Yet the Office of Collec- pected during fiscal 1967. One of the chief tions Maintenance and Preservation must be technical problems-how to seal off the open- continually concerned with other agents of ings between stack levels-was resolved by the possible detriment to the Library's holdings. engineers in the Architect's Office and work To minimize acidity in books and other paper was started in the northeast stacks. It should materials and to prevent their contact with be completed during fiscal 1967. Other im- acidic substances, the staff had pH tests con- provements in 1966 have included installation ducted by the Government Printing Office's of fire doors with fused door closers at the Tests and Technical Control Division on a Main Building and Annex ends of the tunnel number of samples during the year, for ex- connecting these two buildings. ample, on polyurethane padding used in exhibits, LC endpaper, a manuscript folder, and atlas containers. The first and last were given Protective Services clean bills of health by the tests, the manuscript folder was rejected, and it was found that LC Modernization of the Library's firefighting endpaper requires improvement. equipment advanced with the replacement of over 10,000 feet of firehose and substitution of fog nozzles for nearly 100 solid stream nozzles. Fire Protection The replacement of soda and acid extin- guishers with dry chemical units, which are Protection of the Library's collections and usable in all types of fires, was reported last staff from the hazards of fire has been pur- year. Periodic tests of the general fire-alarm sued actively in the past few years, with some systems in both buildings were conducted by noteworthy achievements during fiscal 1966. members of the District of Columbia Fire De- After many months of investigation and test- partment in company with Library officers. ing, a system for the bookstacks was designed As always, close contact was maintained with that detects the products of combustion, even the Office of the Architect of the Capitol in before detectable heat develops, and sets off problems relating to fire hazards and controls. an alarm which locates the fire for the Li- Increased attention was given to protecting brary's Special Police. In January 1966 a Library materials against misuse and prevent- contract was let for the installation of the ing their unauthorized removal from the Li- system in the 12 bookstack levels of the An- brary's jurisdiction. An investigative posi- nex. At the close of the fiscal year that work tion was added to the staff in fiscal year 1966. had been completed except for acceptance The Chief of Protective Services extended tests and final adjustments. Late in the year the use of electronic communications equip- a contract was let for a similar system in the ment by the Library's Special Police through- four principal Main Building bookstacks, with out the buildings and grounds and gathered completion expected by December 1966. data on both communications systems and The new heating-ventilating system in the alaxin and protective devices for use in plan- Main Building stacks will now permit exten- ning the third building. sive alterations which can improve the fire. protection in these stacks: sealing off the stack levels, enclosing staircases, installing fire Special Police doors, and sealing window openings. This program has been under study for several Because a blizzard crippled citywide trans- years, but technical and fiscal problems have portation facilities, Library buildings were 88 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966 closed on January 30 and 3 1, 1966. The only support-pGncipally the annual appropria- other days they were closed in the fiscal year tions from the Congress. These appropria- were December 24 and Christmas Day 1965. tions, in turn, directly affect the work of the Visitors coming through the doors the 361 units of the Office of Fiscal Services: the days they were open totaled 1,425,092, a daily Budget Office in the preparation of estimates average of over 3,900. and justifications and in the control of ap- For many years particular attention has propriations and other funds; the Accounting been given to the classification of the Library Office in its maintenance of fiscal records; the of Congress Special Police, whose compensa- Disbursing Office in its handling of income tion under standards set by the Civil Service and disbursements; and the Data Processing Classification Act is substantially below that Office in its management of payroll and re- of other Federal Special Police on Capitol lated personnel and fiscal records through Hill, who are exempted from those standards machine methods. Appropriations for fiscal by statute. Congress showed interest in the year 1966 and budget requests for fiscal 1967 problem with the introduction of S. 2930 by were both the largest on record for the Li- Senator Jennings Randolph and of H.R. brary of Congress. 12967, H.R. 13062, and H.R. 13617 by Rep- Funds available to the Library during fiscal resentatives John L. McMillan, Harley 0. 1966 included $26,35 1,000 from direct appro- Staggers, and Willard S. Curtin, respectively, priations (Public Laws 89-90 and 89-426) ; to provide salary increases for all privates in over $7,600,000 in working fund advances, the Library's Special Police Force. In hear- transfers, allocations, and reimbursements for ings before the Subcommittee on Accounts of the performance of specific services for other the Committee on House Administration in Federal agencies, including the transfer of June 1966, the Library testified in favor of $300,000 from the Department of Health, the objectives of these bills and proposed an Education, and Welfare to implement Title amendment to provide comparable increases 11-C of the Higher Education Act of 1965; for all ranks of the Special Police, presenting and over $1,450,000 from various gifts and in- the case for offsetting a longstanding defi- come from trust funds deposited at interest in ciency of the Civil Service standards in this the U.S. Treasury. These three major sources respect. Further action was not taken on the totaled over $35,400,000. Specific details proposal before the Congress adjourned. concerning these funds are contained in ap- Responsibilities of the Special Police con- pendix 11. tinue to increase steadily due in part to the Budget requests for appropriations totaling progressive concentration of personnel in all over $30,266,000 were prepared during early occupied areas and the conversion of galleries fiscal 1966 for inclusion in the budget sub- and open areas to work space. mitted by the President. The enactment of the Federal Employees Salary Act of 1965 (Public Law 89-301) in October 1965 re- Fiscal Services sulted in the submission of a supplementary request for $477,700 to support the salary in- In commenting on the Library's request for creases during 1966. The Congress enacted funds for 1967 the House Appropriations Public Law 89-426 to provide supplementary Committee's report of June 3, 1966, stated funds but reduced the requested amount to that "a first-class library, responsive to the de- $445,900. An amended request for the appro- mands of users, either grows or stagnates; it priation "Salaries and Expenses, Library of cannot stand still and remain first class." This Congress," submitted to the Congress in growth inevitably requires increased financial April 1966, added to the 1967 budget request THE ADMINISTRATIVE DEPARTMENT

$880,000 to provide for rental of critically Disbursing Office included issuance of U.S. needed space in the Washington area. At the Savings Bonds with maturity value of over close of fiscal 1966 the House of Representa- $500,000 ;improvement of bond records to in- tives had voted its fiscal 1967 appropriation clude social security numbers of employees and recommendations in bill H.R. 15456, but the their beneficiaries; and inauguration of pay- final appropriation had not been enacted. roll deductions for union dues. Also pending at the end of the year was an One tort claim, for $7.50, was settled. additional $3 million requested by the Depart- ment of Health, Education, and Welfare for transfer to the Library to support the 1967 Data Processing costs of the National Program for Acquisi- tions and Cataloging. Although the Library is well into the pro- The Office of Fiscal Services participated gram to prepare for extensive automation of actively in a periodic audit of the Library's its central bibliographic records and is con- payroll made by the General Accounting Of- sidering further studies in automation of other fice. As a result, the Fiscal Office undertook activities-all presuming the use of modern a review of the Library's procedures for the electronic data processing equipment-the Li- management of the payroll, including records brary at present utilizes only a relatively small of leave. By the close of the fiscal year a new computer. This is an IBM System 360, model system was developed that decentralized the 30, which replaced a smaller IBM 1401 in preparation of the initial payroll records and April 1966 and is operated by the Data Proc- otherwise increased the responsibilities of the essing Office of the Administrative Depart- operating supervisors in the Library, with im- ment. The Library's use of electric account- proved review and automated recordkeeping ing machines and their replacement by elec- responsibilities in the Payroll Office. Review tronic data processing equipment have been of the new system by the General Accounting justified principally for fiscal operations: the Office began early in fiscal 1967. billing of Card Distribution Service subscrib- In addition to its routine work with budg- ers, the preparation of payrolls, the mainte- etary preparation and implementation, the nance of accounts for the purchase of library Budget Office served as the contracting office materials, and statistical reporting. An infor two major automation projects: the Ma- creasing amount of bibliographic work has chine Readable Catalog Project (MARC) been added, especially manuscript indexing. and the Systems Development Study-the lat- Late in fiscal 1966 the Data Processing Office ter involving complex bidding procedures and joined the Information Systems Office and the careful negotiations with potential contractors. Processing Department in the Machine Read- About $33,700,000 was paid out during the able Catalog (MARC) Project. year by the Disbursing Office, which also han- Use of the computer for fiscal purposes pro- dled collections from all sources amounting to ceeded satisfactorily during the year, with more than $14,700,000, both record amounts. relatively little difficulty in the changeover in Among the funds collected, returns to the U.S. computers since the programs were compati- Treasury exceeded $6,530,000 from the fol- ble. Changes in salary rates under the Fed- lowing: $5,046,000 from the sale of printed eral Employees Salary Act of 1965 were made I I cards and technical publications, $1,446,000 with minimal difficulty, as was the inclusion ~I from copyright fees, and $38,000 from other into the payroll system of a new deduction for sources. These collections represented 24.8 union dues. Machine arrangement of entries percent of the $26,351,000 appropriated di- used in indexing the Presidential Papers saves 90 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966

Papers Section of the Manuscript Division. Digest of Public General Bills was the subject In addition, manuscript processing specialists of a pilot study. A data base of 50 entries and computer specialists cooperated to pro- from information in the Digest was stored duce a system for maintaining in one auto- and retrieved successfully and a dictionary of mated record all the reference and descriptive terms is being developed that will make re- information about each of 3,000 or more col- trieval more successful. lections of papers of individuals and of institutions: the source and accession, the status of its organization, description, shelf location, and Central Administrative Services statistics on its use. This automated record will make possible the preparation of pre- Among the several responsibilities of the printed and punched cards for use as request Office of the Secretary of the Library-cen- slips by readen, a use which should silnplify tral records, paperwork management, dupli- and improve service. More significantly, how- cating, distribution of publications, travel, ever, the automated master record is used to and receipt and distribution of mail-achieve- prepare machine printouts describing all or ments of the past fiscal year were particularly selected portions of the 3,000 manuscript noteworthy in duplicating and mail service. collections. Following a directive from the Congres- Under the program of the Information sional Joint Committee on Printing, two of Systems Office to distribute machine-readable the major duplicating units of the Library- cataloging data on magnetic tape to other the one in the Office of the Secretary and the libraries (the MARC Project), responsibility one operated by one of the special projects, has been assigned to the Data Processing the Aerospace Technology Division--were Office to carry out the operating functions: consolidated and relocated in improved space machine preparation of cataloging data pre- in the Main Building cellar, a move which al- pared and edited by the Processing Depart- lowed efficient placement of machines. Im- ment, computer processing of the data, prep- pressions produced in the consolidated du- aration of printouts of the cataloging output plicating unit in 1966 total over 16 million, covered by the program, and preparation of a 16-percent increase over the combined out- master and duplicate magnetic tapes for dis- put of the two units in fiscal 1965. Collation tribution to the 16 participating libraries. of pages was improved by the temporary rental Additional staff and equipment were added of modern equipment, and a permanent im- to the Data Processing Office for this work, provement was made late in the year through which is expected to go into production in the purchase of a new 16-station collator to September 1966. replace an ancient &station model. The suc- Other interesting:uses of the computer dur- cess of the consolidated duplicating unit made ing 1966 included' periodic studies for the it possible in midyear to add a press previ- Stack and Reader Division to determine the ously assigned to the Science and Technology effectiveness of book deliveries from and to Division and to consider seriously at the end the two Library buildings and the two prin- of the year a further consolidation of the du- cipal reading rooms, preparation of an index plicating work of the Legislative Reference to the Congressional hearings on Copyright Service. Law Revision, and preparation of copy for The new National Program for Acquisitions the printer for the internal telephone direc- and Cataloging placed an .unexpected burden tory from the listing of Library staff members on the Mail and Delivery Unit of the Office on the payroll. . Automation of the informa- of the Secretary late in the year. Cards and tion in the Legislative Reference Service's books sent under this program require a spe- THE ADMINISTRATIVE DEPARTMENT

cia1 customs clearance procedure, demanding categories: electrostatic prints, up 17 percent, almost daily attention by a member of the from 2,900,000 in fiscal 1965 to over 3,400,000 staff. Additional staff and a motor vehicle in 1966; and negative microfilm exposures, have been assigned to handle this new work- up 11 percent, from over 7,400,000 in 1965 to load. Other activities of the unit included over 8,200,000 in 1966. A small decrease oc- mail samplings requested by the Internal curred in positive microfilm production which Audit Office, a study of the durability of ship- dropped nearly 3 percent from 3,700,000 to ping containers for interlibrary loans, and a 3,600,000 feet. Because of the preference for survey of the use of registered mail which re- other methods, the production of photostatic sulted in a decision to use less expensive certi- copies continued the steady decline of recent fied mail. years, showing a decrease of 7.5 percent. Less Work started in 1965 on collecting formal significant categories of work registered opinions of the Library's General Counsel- fluctuations-mostly decreases-in varying now totaling nearly 1,100-and listing them amounts. for ready reference continued in 1966. Main- Special cooperative photocopying projects tenance of the trust and gift files was com- are among the important contributions the pleted with their placement, after organiza- Library of Congress makes to the world of tion and microfilming, in acid-free folders. learning, making more widely available the Despite excessive staff turnover, the paper- documents of research, many of which can work management staff provided guidance in be found only in the Library. Some of these the Library's compliance with the provisions projects covered relatively small amounts of of the Federal Records Act. Over 2,250 cubic material, such as short runs of serials and feet of records were retired or destroyed in newspapers, but many are extensive in their accordance with approved schedules. Copy- coverage. right registrations for calendar years 1870- Four major projects from earlier years 97, totaling 904 cubic feet, were transferred showed major progress in fiscal 1966, in one to the Federal Records Center at Alexandria. case reaching completion. Under the co- Individual earning records, housed in 55 file operative program with the Manuscript Di- drawers, were transferred to the Federal Rec- vision for the filming of the Library's collec- ords Center at St. Louis. tions of the papers of 23 Presidents, positive The Office of the Secretary's liaison in Con- microfilm on 32 reels of the papers of Presi- gressional offices continued at a steady pace dent Grant became available during the year. during the year. Forty-three consultative ses- Filming of the papers of several of the re- sions were held on problems of paperwork maining seven Presidents was progressing. management. Microfilming of the estimated 4,500,000 pages of the bills and resolutions introduced in the U.S. Senate and House of Representa- Photoduplication Service tives during the 1st through 84th Congresses (1789-1956) has now produced 561 reels Steady growth in routine business and an covering the 1st through the 20th and the increasing number of cooperative photocopy- 37th through the 55th Congresses ( 1789-1829 ing projects were the principal trends in the and 1861-99). Although only 28 of the 561 activities of the Photoduplication Service dur- reels were produced during 1966, these were ing the fiscal year. Correspondence relating for the 1st through 14th Congresses, for which to orders and requests exceeded 1,000 pieces the Library's files were incomplete, necessitat- each week, and the production of photocopies ing the borrowing of copies from the House showed growth in the two most significant and Senate libraries and from the National 92 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966 Archives, including some manuscript copies of papers, current newspapers and periodicals, bills not found in printed form. Work was in books which have deteriorated too extensively progress on the 21st through the 36th Con- for binding, photographs, and selected rar- gresses at the close of fiscal 1966. ities. In terms of volume, the noncurrent The cooperative project of several years' newspaper program is the largest, with nearly duration to microfilm as complete a file as pos- 1,400,000 exposures of 30 back files produced sible of the Argentine newspaper La Prensa in 1966. Over 1,200,000 exposures were com- neared completion. For the early period pleted of current newspapers and periodicals ( 1869-1908) not available in U.S. libraries, in many languages. Approximately 875 news- microfilming has been almost completed by an papers are now currently filmed under this Argentine microfilming firm with the coopera- program, as well as about 125 current peri- tion of the publisher. The Library of Con- odicals, including 90 added during 1966. The gress file from July 1908 through December Serial and Orientalia Divisions cooperated in 1927 was filmed during fiscal 1966 (206 both of these projects. reels), thus bringing to 535 the number of Special problems occurred with the newspa- reels now available (July 1908 through De- pers obtained from the countries covered by cember 1937). It is expected that the com- the Library's Public Law 480 Program-India, pletion of this project will be announced Pakistan, Indonesia, Israel, and the United during fiscal 1967. The Chinese periodical Arab Republic. With one exception, hopes microfilming project, started in the spring of have diminished for microfilming these news- 1963 and financed by a grant of $30,000 from papers within the foreign country, because of the Carnegie Corporation of New York, was lack of adequate microfilming facilities and completed during fiscal 1966. Under this photographic supplies. Consequently, filming project issues of selected Chinese mainland of these newspapers in the Library of Congress periodicals in the social sciences and human- is expected. The one exception is India, ities were located and microfilmed for the where a grant of $11,000 from the Rockefeller period October 1959 through December 1963 Foundation made it possible to purchase a as a cooperative effort of the Orientalia Divi- camera, auxiliary equipment, raw microfilm, sion and the Photoduplication Service. Al- and supplies and to train an Indian citizen in though it was hoped originally that as many the Library's laboratory. After exposure, the as 166 periodicals would be included, only 109 negative microfilm is still sent by air to the titles in 2,500 issues were obtained and filmed Library for developing, inspection, and print- on 194 reels by the close of the project. ing of positive copies. English language news- Announcements of several other coopera- papers for 1965 were filmed this year; ver- tive microfilming projects were made during nacular newspapers for 1966 will be filmed the year. These included Presidential press next. Filming of materials other than newspa- releases, several Russian serials, African peri- pers is expected in future years. odicals, 42 current military journals, some The program to microfilm badly deterio- rare legal manuscripts, the papers of the rated books, described in last year's report in eminent Americans Gouverneur Morris and some detail, was accelerated and 3,850 new Henry R. Schoolcraft, and the archives of the titles were added during 1966, bringing the Spanish government of East Florida between total to date to over 9,000 titles. A further list 1783 and 1821. of some of the available titles was issued, but Preservation of Library materials through announcements in the future will appear in the photocopying is becoming one of the prin- National Register of Microform Masters. In cipal activities of the Photoduplication Serv- a related program a number of rare Library ice, with major programs for older news- materials-books, manuscripts, maps, and 0th- THE ADMINISTRATIVE DEPARTMENT ers-were photocopied as a means of preserva- loss for the year. Income from sales reached tion and protection of valuable originals from $1 million exceeding the $956,000 in sales in unnecessary handling in service. 1965 by over 5 percent. Improvements in the Since the Photoduplication Service operates space assigned to the Photoduplication Serv- on a revolving fund rather than through ap- ice have also contributed to efficiency and may propriations it is essential that its income be help to keep costs down. By December 1965 a sufficient to meet its costs-costs which con- number of space changes begun in the previous tinue to rise with increases in salaries for Fed- fiscal year had been completed to bring nearly eral employees and with price increases -for all of the laboratory operations of the Service photographic supplies and equipment. Finan- together on the subbasement level of the Li- cial losses in fiscal years 1964 and 1965 resulted brary's Annex, with supplies located nearby. in a decision in October 1965 to increase MTithinthis improved space some new equip- prices-the first overall price increase for pho- ment, such as special shelving, has added to tocopying work in 10 years. Although the in- the effective organization of work. An im- creases, averaging about 15 percent, have important new piece of photographic equipment proved the fiscal status of the Service, they did was a microfiche step-and-repeat camera in- not take effect early enough to prevent a small stalled in April 1965. REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966

During consideration of the copyright revision bill Subcommittee No. 3 of the House Judiciary Committee met with Library officials on February 24, 1966, in the Library's Wilson Room.

Sitting, left to right: Abraham L. Kaminstein, Register of Copyrights; Representative Henry P. Smith 111; Representative Richard H. Poff; Representative Robert W. Kastenmeier, acting chairman of the subcommittee; Representative Herbert Tenzer; and L. Quincy Mumford, Librarian of Congress.

Standing, left to right: George D. Cary, Deputy Register oj Copyrights; A. A. Goldman, Copyright Ofice General Counsel; Allan D. COTS,Committee Counsel; John G. Lorenz, Deputy Librarian of Congress; Herbert Fuchs, Committee Counsel; and Barbara A. Ringer, Assistant Register of Copyrights. The Copyright Office

HE CU~RENTPROGRAM for general re- hearings was remarkably high. Conflicting vision of the copyright law made by positions were presented by the witnesses ir- a Tfar the greatest progress of its 11-year reasonable and constructive way, and their history during fiscal 1966. As the year be- statements were intelligent, germane, and un- gan, hearings on the copyright revision bill emotional. Nearly all expressed general ap- of 1965 (H.R. 4347, H.R. 5680, H.R. 6831, proval of the revision program and the bill and H.R. 6835, 89th Cong., 1st sess.) were itself and addressed their disagreements to under way before Subcommittee No. 3 of the specific provisions. The prevailing acmos- House Committee on the Judiciary. Between phere was reflected in the remarks of Repre- May 26, 1965, and September 2, 1965, a total sentative Richard H. Poff of Virginia, the of 22 days of public hearings were held with ranking minority member on the subcommit- 163 witnesses representing the widest spectrum tee, who said on the closing day of the of public and private interest in the emerging hearings : legislation presenting testimony. The massive record of these hearings ran to 1,930 pages Mr. Chairman, I am in my 13th year in the of printed text and included, in addition to Congress, and during the course of that time I the oral transcript, more than 150 written have been privileged to participate in many congressional investigations and hearings, some of which statements. have lasted for as long as 2 years. But I can say The years of careful preparation that had candidly and honestly that this has been the most gone into the drafting of the bill paid sub- objective, and instructive, and constructive of any stantial dividends as the hearings progressed. hearing in which I have participated. One witness echoed the sentiments of many I think we are deeply indebted to all of the wit- of his fellows when he stated in his testimony: nesses who have approached their advocacy without rancor and bitterness . . . . I do say that it has There has been no such comparable preparation for been most inspiring and stimulating to me, and I legislation in the history of world copyright-and would press the point only that all congressional I have in mind major countries long sophisticated hearings could be so dispassionate, and learned, and in this field . . . . I recall no such prior pre- so free of partisan bitterness. liminary preparations for the extensive 1932 and 1936 Congressional hearings on general revision in After the public hearings the Copyright Of- which I took an active part. fice helped the committee counsel edit the transcript. To make the huge printed record Although there were, to be sure, sharp con- more manageable and useful to the subcom- flicts on some of the major issues presented mittee and the public, the Office prepared, by the bill, the level of the testimony at the with assistance from the Library's Data Proc- 96 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 19 66

essing Office in planning and programing hearings and the executive sessions was a the project on the computer, a complete sub- model of dedicated public service and states- ject and name index. This was the Copy- manship. An editorial in the August 23, right Office's first real experience in using 1965, issue of Publislrers' Weekly summed up computer technology. The staff also pre- the prevailing sentiment when it said: "It's pared summaries of every statement, argu- a committee which can restore one's faith in ment, and proposal that had been made. the process of representative democratic gov- Working closely with the committee coun- ernment." sel, the Office then divided the entire corpus The Senate Judiciary Subcommittee, under of the hearings into 10 general areas: sub- the chairmanship of Senator John L. Mc- ject matter of copyright, ownership, duration, Clellan of Arkansas, opened hearings on the notice and registration, manufacturing and revision bill in August 1965 but delayed re- importation requirements, community antenna suming them during the fiscal year, partly systems and other secondary transmissions, because of the intense copyright activity in jukebox performances, compulsory license for the House subcommittee. phonorecords, educational copying and fair On October 12, after the end of fiscal 1966, use, and educational broadcasting and other the full House Judiciary Committee reported performing rights. Each subject was then the bill as amended (H. Rept. 2237, 89th divided into subtopics and under each of these Cong., 2d sess.). It is hoped that the was listed every issue raised by the hearings. amended bill will be reintroduced and acted Thus, the subcommittee was able to consider upon in the 90th Congress, possibly before the them in context, to weight the arguments for end of calendar 1967. and against each one, and to arrive at decisions. Meeting usually twice a week from Febru- The Year's Copyright Business ary through September 1966, the House Judi- ciary Subcommittee held 51 executive sessions, Although it would be inconceivable for any many of them lasting 2 hours or more, which member of the operating divisions of the Copy- were attended by representatives of the Copy- right Office to regard fiscal year 1966 as a right Office. One unprecedented session, on relaxing one, statistics show that, for the first February 24, 1966, was held at the Library time in 14 years, the total number of registra- of Congress after the subcommittee toured the tions actually decreased. As compared with Copyright Office and was greeted by the Li- 293,617 registrations in all classes of material brarian and Deputy Librarian. in fiscal 1965, the 1966 total was 286,866, an Examining each issue and then redrafting overall decrease of 2.3 percent. With the ex- the pertinent section of the bill, the committee ception of books, lectures, prints, and re- maintained an informal, bipartisan atmos- newals, each of which increased, registration~ phere in its esecutive sessions. The members declined throughout the whole range of copy- deserve the gratitude not only of those in- rightable material. terested in copyright law revision but also of Foreign registrations increased by nearly 2 the public at large for their enthusiasm, in- percent, and renewals, which follow a differ- tellectual commitment, and hard work on a ent statistical pattern from other classes of bill that will have lasting value for generations material, gained by over 8 percent despite a to come. A special appreciation should be 100-percent increase in renewal fees. The given to the acting chairman of the subcom- number of copyright registrations for artistic mittee, Representative Robert W. Kasten- designs embodied in or applied to ''useful meier of Wisconsin, whose conduct of the articles" once again declined, from 6,500 in THE COPYRIGHT OFFICE

1965 to 5,900 in 1966, a decrease of approxi- day, November 22, 1965. There were also mately 10 percent. The percentage of ap- the anticipated cases of short-fee deposits im- plications requiring correspondence remained mediately after the effective date. On the about constant: 11.4 percent of the claims whole, however, the changeover was relatively were passed for registration after correspond- smooth, and within a few weeks nearly 90 per- ence and 2.6 percent were rejected. cent of the applications were being received The passage of the "fee bill," Public Law ivith the proper fee. The lessons learned will 89-297, effective November 26, 1965, was be valuable when the Office is faced with the the overriding factor in the demands made much larger transitional problems created by on the Office's operating personnel during the general revision of the copyright Ian-. fiscal year. The act increased statutory regis- The workload in every operation of the tration fees (with the exception of those for Service Division increased significantly over commercial prints and labels) from $4 to $6, 1965. During the fiscal year, 336,525 pieces fees for renewal registrations from $2 to $4, of incoming and 370,135 pieces of outgoing and reference search fees from $3 to $5 an mail were processed, representing a 10-percent hour. The fees charged for certifications, for increase in mail handled. In addition, total recording assignments and related documents, earned fees were $1,470,249, an all-time rec- and for recording notices of use were similarly ord and 22 percent more than the previous increased. These increases, the first since year. 1948, were necessary to narrow the substantial Reference searches were made for 104,000 gap between receipts and expenses and to titles, an increase of 23 percent over 1965. make the Office more nearly financially self- Telephone inquiries rose by 10 percent to sustaining. 19,000, and mail inquiries by 13 percent to Whatever the reasons-possibly the current 16,000. The Reference Division also carried state of authorship, publishing, and the econ- on extensive research projects: a cumulative omy-the predicted 10- or 15-percent decrease report on the importation of English-language in registrations, based on the statistical effects books in cooperation with the Bureau of Cus- of the 1948 fee increase, proved to be just over toms; a compilation of U.S. copyright deci- 2 percent. sions before 1909; a collection of treaties, proc- By careful advance planning the change- lamations, and other international materials over was accomplished with little of the up- relating to copyright involving the United heaval that characterized the last fee increase States; and substantial additions to the ex- nearly 20 years earlier. In the month be- panding and valuable Biobibliographic File. tween enactment and the effective date of the Even though total registrations decreased increase, the Reference Division sent notifica- slightly during 1966, the Cataloging Division tions of the new fee schedule to over 35,000 reproduced and distributed more than 1.8 mil- persons, arranged for a press release and for lion cards, representing an increase of 100,000 publicity in various media, and obtained the over 1965. In addition to the 673,000 sent cooperation of major author and publisher directly to the Copyright Card Catalog, organizations and bar associations in notifying 846,000 cards went into the preparation of their members of the change. Copyright ap- copy for the printed Catalog and 81,000 cards plication forms and informational circulars were sent to other catalogs of the Library of were revised to accord with the new fees. Congress and 217,000 to subscribers to the As was expected, the number of applica- Cooperative Card Service. tions received rose substantially just before the The record set in March 1965 for registra- increase, and 3,774 pieces of mail, an all-time tions in a single month stood for only one record, were received in the Office on Mon- year. March 1966 was the largest month in 239-356 0-67s 98 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966 the history of the Copyright Office, with a for official and public use, this is a valuable total of 30,556 registrations, 2 percent more record of decisions reported in Federal and than the previous record. State courts involving copyright and related cases in the field of intellectual property.

Official Publications Copyright Contributions to the With the publication in September 1965 of Library of Congress part 5 in the Copyriglzt Law Revision series prepared by the Copyright Office and issued While 457,000 articles were deposited for by the House Committee on the Judiciary, the registration in the Copyright Office during the prelegislative history of the revision program fiscal year, 265,000 articles were transferred was completed. Part 5 contains the discus- to the collections of the Library of Congress sions and comments on H.R. 11947, the 1964 or were offered to other libraries through the revision bill. The series begins with the Reg- Exchange and Gift Division. Among thc ister's Report of July 1961 and concludes with materials that went to enrich the Library's his Supplenzentary Report, issued in May 1965 collections were some that had been deposited as part 6. in earlier years. For example, 387 scripts by The major publication of the year was the Fred Allen and 23 dramas by Maswell Ander- 3-volume record of the Hearings Be fore Sub- son were transferred to the Manuscript Divi- conrnlittce No. 3 of the Conzmittce on the sion, and the original score of Camelot, the Judiciary, House of Representatives, 89th Lerner and Loewe musical, was transferred to Congress, 1st Session, on H.R. 4347, H.R. the Music Division. The Copyright Office is 5680, H.R. 6831, H.R. 6835, Bills for the Gen- making an effort to retain a record copy of as cral Revisio?~of thc Copyright Law, Title I7 much deposited material as possible. of the United States Code. This is the complete transcription of the testimony of all witnesses, together with additional statements and eshibits, that make up the record of the Administrative Developments 22 days of hearings held by the subcommittee between May and September 1965. Although the revision of the copyright law Staffing and production difficulties con- and the implementation of the fee increase tinued to delay publication of the official left little time for planning or development in Catalog of Copyright Entries. Ten issues other major areas, fiscal 1966 may well be a were received from the Government Printing crossroads in the administrative history of the Office and nine others were either complete Office. A series of retirements affected sev- and ready for printing or in various stages of eral top-level positions and brought about a compilation. While catalog production dur- reorganization in the administrative structure ing the year had not increased appreciably, of the Copyright Office that was still in proc- more issues were actually ready or in the ess as thc year ended. process of compilation than at the end of Moreover, during 1966 the Office decided fiscal 1965. to automate many of its operations as soon as Decisions of the United States Courts In- possible. Faced with a constantly growing volving Copyriglrt, 1963-1964, compiled and workload and with increasing problems of re- edited by Benjamin W. Rudd of the Copy- cruiting and holding qualified personnel, the right Office, was issued as the Office's Bulletin Copyright Office must obviously use machines No. 34. The 18th in a series of publications for the repetitive tasks they can do better and THE COPYRIGHT OFFICE

faster than can human beings. In spite of more effectively with the tremendous physical the obvious need for automatic data process- bulk of the material involved and to distribute ing, the volume of work is so large that even the workload more equitably the Examining small changes lead to serious disruptions. Division transferred responsibility for domes- Furthermore, the general revision of the copy- tic periodicals from the Book Section to the right law will probably make radical changes Arts Section in March 1966. The examina- in the existing system. The changeover can- tion of periodicals has long been a special not be delayed, however, and the necessary problem, and experiments in new techniques plans for it were being made at the close of which show some promise for the future were the fiscal year. attempted during the ycar. The problems of inadequate work and stor- Problems of Registrability age space continue to beset the Office, with no immediate relief in sight. The General Serv- The growing pains of the computer indus- ices Administration is providing storage for try continued to be felt by the Copyright Office deposits in a Federal Records Center, allevi- during the year. Proceeding under ground ating some of the problems. It is obvious, rules established in 1964, the Office accepted however, that between now and the opening 36 claims to copyright in computer programs of the Madison Memorial Library in the during fiscal 1966. This total, while micro- 1970's the need for space will be a constant scopic in comparison with the number of reg- and urgent problem in the Copyright Office. istrations made for other forms of expression, represents many hours of discussions and is Notices of Intention To Use more than double last year's figure. There are indications of a growing awareness within Under the present law, a producer who the computer industry of the possibilities af- wishes to issue records of a copyrighted mu- forded by copyright protection for programs sical composition under the "compulsory li- in which many millions of dollars have been censing" provisions of section 1(e) is obliged invested. to send a "notice of intention to use" to the Another challenging problem facing the copyright owner and a copy of the notice to Esamining Division is the copyrightability of the Copyright Office. The 1909 statute was what is sometimes called "aleatory music" silent as to the Office's obligations with re- or "music of chance." In broad terms, such spect to these copies, and no fee was provided works consist of general instructions to per- for recording them. As a result, practices formers which, when followed, result in sounds with respect to recordkeeping and indesing having accidental pitch and rhythm, if any. of "notices of intention" have varied from Regarded by some as a hoax and by others time to time over the past 57 years. as a major art form, these works raise ques- The new fee bill, effective November 26, tions as to whether and when they can bc re- 1965, established a fee for recording a "no- garded as "music," and in some cases as to tice of intention to use." This change not whether they constitute the "writing of an only meant the imposition of new accounting author." procedures, but it prompted the Reference Division to survey the "notice of intention" Organizational Problems records from 1909 to 1965. A total of 9,461 documents, covering 41,443 titles, had been The merger of the examination of books filed during this period. They were num- and periodicals in the Book Section several bered in two series, the first from 1909 through years ago resulted in a large section which June 30, 1941, covering numbers 1 through proved administratively unwieldy. To cope 7413, and the second from July 1, 1941, 100 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966

through November 23, 1965, covering num- tion of ornamental designs, S. 1237, were held bers 1 through 2921. The condition of these before the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on records suggests the desirability of charging Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights on July a fee for a recordkeeping acti\71t ' J to ensure 28, 1965, and the Deputy Register of Copy- proper controls and preservation. rights, George D. Cary, was one of the wit- "Notices of intention to use" filed after No- nesses strongly favoring the legislation. The vember 26, 1965, will be numbered in a new bill was substantially similar to design meas- series and will be maintained as official Copy- ures considered by the 86th, 87th, and 88th right Office records. Earlier documents are Congresses and passed t~vicebefore by the being prcpared for microfilming. When com- Senate. Shortly after the end of the fiscal pleted, the microfilm record will be retained year the bill, with an important amendment in the Copyright Office and the original in- escluding designs for wearing apparel from struments will be stored in a Federal Records its scope, was reported favorably by the Senate Center. Judiciary Committee and was passed by the full Senate. An additional jukebox bill, H.R. 15004, Legislative Developments identical to measures introduced by Repre- sentatives EmanueI CeIler (H.R. 18) and In addition to the program for copyright James C. corman (H.R. 2793) in the 1st ses- law rcvision and the fee increase, already dis- sion of the 89th Congress, was introduced by cussed, there ivere several other significant Representative Thomas M. Rees on May 11, legislati\~eactivities during the year. The first 1966. On May 5, 1966, Representative \t7as the enactment of Public Law 89-142, Theodore Kupferman of New York, a leading signed by the President on August 28, 1965, expert on copyright law, introduced H.R. which estended until December 3 1, 1967, the 14903, a bill to accord capital gains treatment duration of subsisting second-term copyrights to the taxation of income from transfers of that \vould othenvise expire before that date. copyrights and literary property. H.R. This measure was in itself an estension of a 13446, a bill with copyright overtones, was 1962 enactment (Public Law 87-668), which introduced by Representative Jonathan B. estended until December 3 1, 1965, copyright Bingham on March 9, 1966; it was aimed at protection in cases where renewal terms would establishment of a National Registry of Art otherwise have espired between September "for the purpose of maintaining and adminis- 19, 1962, and December 31, 1965. As a tering records relating to the origin, transfer, result of these two interim laws all subsisting and ownership of ~vorksof art." The prin- copyrights of which the 56-year total of the cipal office of the Director was to be in Neiv original and reneival terms would have es- York City, but with a repository under the pired between September 19, 1962, and Smithsonian Institution. December 31, 1967, are continued until the In June 1966 at the request of the Secretary latter date. It should be noted that the es- of Commerce a bill was ixtroduced in both tension applies only to copyrights previously Houses (H.R. 15638 by Representative George renewed in which the second tern] would P. Miller and S. 3517 by Senator Warren G. otherwise expire and not to copyrights in their R4agnuson) "to provide for the collection, first 28-year term. Also the act does not af- compilation, critical eval~~ation,publication, fect in any way the time limits for renewal and sale of standard reference data." Known registration. as the Standard Reference Data Act, this Hearings under the acting chairmanship of measure was intended to set up a Government Senator Philip A. Hart on the bill for protec- clearinghouse for technical scientific informa- THE COPYRIGHT OFFICE tion and contained provisions prohibiting any enacted on October 8, 1966 (Public Law person, without written authorization, from 89-634). copying any data compilation bearing a speci- In March and April 1966 the House Com- fied symbol. Hearings on the bill were held mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, before the House Committee on Science and under the chairmanship of Representative Astronautics on the last 3 days of the fiscal Harley 0. Staggers, held hearings on three year. The statement of Acting Librarian of bills (H.R. 12914, H.R. 13286, and H.R. Congress, John G. Lorenz, took the position 14201, 89th Cong., 2d sess.) dealing with the that the bill seemed to create the equivalent authority of the Federal Con~munications of a copyright and thus raised serious problems Commission to regulate the operation of com- under the Constitution and the present copy- munity antenna television systems. The rec- right statute's prohibition against copyright in ord of these hearings contains testimony bear- Government publications; the statement con- ing on the relationship between copyright and cluded that, if Congress finds esceptional cir- communications law in this field. On May 5, cu,mstances justifying the recognition of 1966, Representative Robert W. Kastenmeier, esclusive rights in this particular instance, it as acting chairman of the House Judiciary should be accomplished within the framework Subcommittee then considering the revision of and limitations of the copyright law. After the copyright law, sent a letter to Chairman the end of the fiscal year an ameaded bill Staggers outlining certain proposed amend- (H.R. 16897) specifically according statutory ments in the revision bill with respect to com- copyright protection to data compilations was munity antenna systems which had direct passed by the House of Representatives. bearing on the problem facing the Commerce On June 6 and 7, 1966, the House Ways Committee. This letter was printed in the and Means Committee held public hearings Congressional Record on May 9, 1966, and on H.R. 8664, H.R. 15271, and H.J. Res. 688, also in the record of the CATV hearings. On bills to implement the Agreement on the Im- June 17, 1966, H.R. 13286, a bill specifically portation of Educational, Scientific, and Cul- authorizing regulation of community antenna tural Materials (the Florence Agreement of systems, was reported favorably by the House 1950) and the Agreement for Facilitating the Commerce Committee (H. Rept. 1635, 89th International Circulation of Visual and Audi- Cong., 2d sess.) . tory Materials of an Educational, Scientific, The 1966 regular session of the General and Cultural Character (the Beirut Agree- Assembly of the State of New York enacted ment of 1948). The Librarian of Congress four statutes of considerable interest and im- testified during the public hearings, and the portance in the development of the copyright Committee heard testimony from the Deputy law. Chapter 668, effective September 1, Register of Copyrights during later esecutive 1966, reverses the common law doctrine estab- sessions on the measures. The record of the lished in the famous case of Puslzman v. New hearings includes a letter from the Register York Graplzic Society, Irzc., 287 N.Y. 302 of Copyrights esplaining the relationship be- (N.Y. Ct. App. 1942), under which an artist tween the copyright law, particularly its man- is presumed to have transferred his reproduc- ufacturing requirement, and the Florence tion rights unless he expressly reserves them Agreement and indicating the adverse effect at the time he sells the painting, statue, or of delayed implementation on U.S. copyright other unique copy in which his work of art is relations. H.R. 8664, dealing with the embodied. Under the new act, whenever an Florence Agreement, was enacted on October artist or his heirs transfer a "work of fine art," 14, 1966 (Public Law 89-651), and H.J. Res. the "right of reproduction" is "reserved to the 688, concerning the Beirut Agreement, was grantor" unless specifically transferred in writ- 102 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966

ing. Chapters 982 and 988 deal with the un- who, on determining that the parties were not authorized duplication of sound recordings, prepared for summary judgment proceedings, making it a misdemeanor, except in the case gave them 6 months within which to file a of ephemeral recordings made for broadcast- certificate of readiness. ing, for anyone to transfer sounds from one record to another with the intent to sell rec- Perjorming Rights and Conlmunity Antenna ords or use them for profit, or to sell records Systems with knowledge that they had been illegally dubbed, "without the consent of the owner"; One of the most eagerly awaited and im- the "owner" is defined as "the person who portant copyright decisions in recent years was owns the master phonograph record . . . or handed down near the end of the year, on other device used for reproducing recorded May 23, 1966: Judge Herlands' landmark sounds." Chapter 983 deals with the labeling decision in United Artists Television, Inc. V. of phonograph records and, in addition to pro- Fortnightly Corp., 255 F. Supp. 177 hibiting the misleading use of the term "stereo- (S.D.N.Y. 1966), involving the basic question phonic," makes it a misdemeanor to distribute of whether a "community antenna television records "without the name and address of the system," a "CATV system," as it is called, manufacturer on the outside cover or jacket" ; infringes the exclusive right of public perform- the "manufacturer" is defined as the owner ance in a copyrighted motion picture when it or licensee of the right to distribute the master picks up a licensed telecast of the work and recording "through regular trade channels." sends it on to paying subscribers over wires. This sharply disputed question, which had never bef& been decided by a U.S. court, Developments has assumed great economic importance be- Judicial cause of the nationwide proliferation of CATV systems, which have not been paying There were few developments during the copyright royalties. year in either of the current actions in which The decision of t:;n court, expressed in one the Register of Copyrights is a party. Public of the most comprehensive, detailed, and care- Affairs Associates, Inc. v. Rickover, the long- fu!ly reasoned opinions ever issued in the copy- pending action in which both the Register right field, was that unauthorized CATV and the Librarian of Congress are defendants, transmissions constitute an infringement of involves the question of whether certain works exclusive performing rights in the copyrighted by Admiral Rickover are validly copyrighted works included in the transmissions. Aside or are "Government publications" and hence from its great potential impact on the develop- in the public domain. In December 1965 the ment of community antenna television in the plaintiff filed requests for admissions and sup- United States, Judge Herlands' decision is plemental interrogatories on the Register and important for its construction of the exclusive several of the other Government defendants, rights of copyright owners under the statute. as well as on Admiral Rickover, and these re- The basic holding in the United Artists case quests were answered. is that the activities of community antenna Hoffenberg v. Kaminstein is an action by systems constitute a public performance within the coauthor of the novel Candy to compel the meaning of section 1 of the copyright the Register to accept an application which statute. The court concluded that, rather had previously been refused registration for than being mere "passive antennas," CATV failure to comply with the manufacturing re- systems "consist of sophisticated, complex, ex- quirements. In March 1966 the case was tremely sensitive, highly expensive equipment, called up before a pretrial hearing examiner especially contructed and designed" for active THE COPYRIGHT OFFICE

transmissions and which, in effect, "perform not a subscriber views any particular a function substantially identical to that of a program." network affiliated station, UHF translator, or The United Artists case is also the first deci- VHF repeater." Starting with the "classic sion in the United States containing an ex- conception" of a performance as one involving press ruling on the question of whether a copy- an actor performing a work and an audience right owner's license to broadcast a work in each other's presence, Judge Herlands held carries with it an "implied in law license" for that this concept has been altered by the "con- others to pick up the broadcast and transmit temporary revolution in the science and tech- it further. Judge Herlands held that no such nology of mass communication-a revolution license should be implied and, in the light of generally recognized as profound as the in- today's technology, rejected the argument that vention of the printing press." The term the copyright owner could protect himself by "performance" today is held to incorporate refusing to license the initial broadcast. The three separable components : (1) the actor's court also held that nothing in the Communi- rendition, (2) the "method of communicat- cations Act of 1934 or the F.C.C. regulations ing the rendition to the audience," and (3) in any way impairs the copyright owner's right the method by which the audience receives it. to collect royalties. After exhaustively analyzing the relevant case Judge Herlands emphasized that it is the law, legislative intention, technology, and function of the courts to prevent "a new means economic factors, the court concluded that of accomplishing an old and proscribed end any or all of these activities can be a "per- from diluting or decreasing the scope of the formance" within the meaning of the copy- monopoly Congress has granted to the copyright law. right proprietor." He regarded this function On the question of whether the "for profit" as fundamentally different from "expanding limitation on the public performance right the scope of that monopoly-which only the was applicable, the court held that, "with Congress can legitimately do." The opinion respect to motion picture photoplays, the in- cites and quotes extensively from the discus- fringing public performance need not even be sion on community antenna systems in the for profit." With respect to the other, non- Supplementary Report of the Register of dramatic motion pictures involved in the suit, Copyriglzts on the General Revision of the U.S. Copyright Law, and "notes in passing the court decided that the performances had that, despite the fact that exemptions from been "for profit" since the community an- inclusion within the copyright proprietor's per- tenna systems were operated as commercial formance monopoly may arguably be desirable business enterprises. For this purpose, the in certain instances purely on policy grounds, court specifically held that it made no differ- such desiderata are for Congress and not ence whether the defendants levied their the courts." Having determined that the charges on subscribers on a monthly, yearly, "defendant's activities constitute a public per- per program, or any other basis and found it formance for profit within the meaning of the irrelevant : ( 1) that "defendant's systems do Copyright Act," the court held that it "has no not rent, sell, or repair television receiving sets discretionary power to except that defendant for subscribers" ; (2) that "the subscribers . . . from the coverage of the Act. Only Congress make the decisions as to when and whether can legitimately do that." the . . . sets are turned on or off'; and (3) Five months before the United Artists deci- that "defendant's . . . systems make no sep- sion was handed down, the same court ruled arate charge to subscribers related to whether on the plaintiff's motion for summary judg- or not a . . . set is turned on, or whether or ment in the other major CATV case now 104 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966 pending, Columbia Broadcastitzg System, Inc. Revenue Code. The court noted that the v. Teleprompter Corp., 251 F. Supp. 302 phrase in the copyright law "has been broadly (S.D.N.Y. 1965). After considering "exten- interpreted to include indirect profit." The sive affidavits and memoranda" as well as the copyright decisions were held not to bc com- contentions urged during "full oral argu- pelling because the courts in those cases were ment," the court denied the motion on the concerned with "the protection of a specific ground that, by its nature, the action was "not statutory rightM-"the monopoly rights appropriate for disposition by summary judg- created under the Copyright Act." Neverthe- nient" and without a trial. Judge Wyatt less, the court upheld a Treasury Regulation noted that the "nationivide growth of CATV" giving the phrase a construction consistent has been "esplosive," that the United Artists with that of the copyright cases. case was pending in the same court, that "a significant part of the factual area is tech- Rights of Exhibition and Copying nical," and that "the case at bar is not only one of first impression but is also a test case The present copyright law dtxs not grant and one of the battles in a war between the an esplicit right of "exhibition" i>r "display," television broadcasting, indust~yon the one and the question of whether projection of an hand and the CATV system operators on the ephemeral image of a copyrighted work con- other." stitutes "copyingy' has been a disputed issue for The United Artists decision is being ap- many years. The plaintiff in Mura v. pealed, but as the first iuling on a question Columbia Bronclcasting System, Inc., 245 F. of national importance, its significance can- Supp. 587 (S.D.N.Y. 1965), was owner of not be overestimated. It has focused atten- copyright in several hand puppets which were tion on copyright as the dominant legal issue exhibited and used as part of the entertain- in the CATV controversy and has furthered ment on two "Captain Kangaroo" programs. the efforts at seeking a legislative solution to The puppets used were apparently authorized the problem. Diskatclr, Irzc. V. City of Erie, reproductions bought on the open market and, 249 F. Supp. 267 (W.D. Pa. 1965), was an even though kinescopes of the programs had earlier action by a broadcaster against a been made, the court held that there had been CATV system on grounds other than copy- no infringement. Noting that "the electronic right infringement. The court relied on Cable image produced in live television broadcast- Vision, Inc. v. KUTV, I?zc., 335 F. 2d 348 ing . . . is not pernlanent," and that "after (9th Cir. 1964)) cert. denied, 379 U.S. 989 111 5,000 of a second plus the time for the ( 1965), in holding "that television signals in phosphor decay, which is measured in milli- the air are in the public domain, . . . that seconds, the image disappears and nothing is there is no property right of any person to be left," Judge Levet held that "the evanescent protected insofar as television signals are con- reproduction of a hand puppet on a television cerned," and that there is "free access to copy screen or on the projected kinescope record- whatever the federal patent and copyright ing of it is so different in nature from the copy- laws leave in the public domain." righted hand puppet that. .. it is not a copy." The judicial construction of the phrase Interestingly enough, the same point was touched on in the United Artists case discussed "public performance for profit" in the copy- above, in which the plaintiff claimed that right statute was considered by the Ninth Cir- community antenna television transmissions cuit Court of Appeals in United States v. D. I. constitute a form of "copying" or reproduc- Operating Co., 362 F. 2d 305 (1966), an ex- tion as well as a performance. As phrased by cise tax case involving the meaning of the the court, the argument was that "defendant's phrase "conducted for profit" in the Internal CATV systems store information (i.e., pro- THE COPYRIGHT OFFICE

gram intelligence) in the coaxial cables dur- from its copyright." In construing the scope ing the time the audio and video signals are of the right to "copy," the court held that, even being propagated through the cables; that 'the though "the copying of the original story was physical reality of the electromagnetic field accomplished indirectly through copying of a containing the sights and sounds of the pro- translation of the original," this was "nonethe- gram is every bit as real as a piece of paper less copying" : "Unauthorized copying may be with print on it or of a photograph;' . . . and effected either directly or indirectly; thus copy- that the storage of electromagnetic energy in ing from a copy is no less an infringement than CATV coaxial cables and on videotape is copying from the original copyrighted work." basically the same." Although Judge Her- lands observed that these arguments "are not Author's "Moral Right" without force," he held that "the potential ramifications of an adjudication of those ad- An exclusive right granted under a number ditional issues are so far-reaching that the of foreign copyright laws is the so-called court will not pass on them where such a de- "moral right" which, in one of its forms pro- termination is not necessary to a disposition hibits the distortion or mutilation of an au- of the case at bar." thor's work. There is no statutory recog- The complicated litigation involving al- nition of any "moral right" in the United leged infringement of Jean Genet's Journal States, although some courts have approached du T7oleur (Thief'sJournal) will be discussed a partial acceptance of the doctrine on grounds in more detail below, but it produced an im- such as unfair competition. portant decision involving the scope of the Two cases during the year demonstrated right to "copy" that should be noted here. the limited scope of the "moral right" in the A basic question in Grove Press, Inc. v. The United States. At the same time these cases Greenleaf Publishing Co., 247 F. Supp. 518 threw a spotlight on the legal and moral is- (E.D.N.Y. 1965), was whether an American sues involved in the cutting and interruption paperback publisher infringed the copyright of motion pictures shown on television. While in Genet's original French text when he copied the plaintiffs (both famous film producer-di- word-for-word an English-language transla- rectors) were largely unsuccessful in their legal tion that had fallen into the public domain. actions, the nationwide publicity their argu- The court held that copyright in a work covers ments received could have some long-range more than the mere "form of communication" effects. in the particular words chosen by the author: The first case, Preminger v. Columbia Pic- "The essence of a novel or any other story for tures Corp., 148 U.S.P.Q. 398 (N.Y. Sup. Ct., that matter, is the plot, plan, arrangement, Trial Term, N.Y. County, 1966), afd per characters and dialogue therein contained and curiam, 149 U.S.P.Q. 872 (N.Y. Sup. Ct., not simply its form of articulation." While App. Div 1966), afd per curiam, 150 noting that "the abstract idea of the novel U.S.P.Q. 829 (N.Y. Ct. App. 1966), involved or play alone" cannot be protected, Judge the motion picture version of Anatomy of a Bartels held that "the particular pattern em- Murder. Having failed to obtain a preliminary injunction requiring the film to be shown ployed in arranging and expressing that idea on television without cuts or commercial is entitled to protection." Since the trans- breaks (154 N.Y. Law Journal 17, Oct. 18, lation in this case, "like any other derivative 1965; see also 154 N.Y. Law Journal 5, Nov. work, . . . is separate and apart from the un- 10,1965), Otto Preminger sought a permanent derlying work . . . a dedication to the public injunction on grounds of unfair competition. of the derivative work did not, without more, In denying this relief, Justice Klein began his emancipate the pattern of the underlying work decision "with the proposition that the law 106 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966

is not so rigid, even in the absence of con- involved the cfforts by George Stevens to tract, as to leave a party without protection prevent the defendants from cutting and in- against publication of the garbled version of serting commercials into its television show- his I\-ork," and stated that the court "appre- ing of A Placc in the Sun (Stevens' film ver- ciates that the failure of the community . . . sion of Dreiser's An American Tragedy). to protect its gifted men of letters led to trage- Stevens was granted a preliminary injunction dies which comprise scars in the history of by Judge Nutter of the California Superior civilization." Court on the grounds of what the court termed The court held, hou~ever,that protection of the "false light concept": ". . . when a this sort must be subject to the terms of the photoplay is chopped up with thirty to fifty contract governing television rights; it con- commercials and the artist's name is put at strued the contract in question, in the light of the beginning of the film, it may be repre- the "custom prevailing in the trade," to per- sented to the public that the artist is offering mit "the usual breaks for con~mercials" and this to the public in this form." Judge Nut- "minor deletions to accommodate time seg- ter distinguished the Preminger decision on ment requirements or to escise those portions the grounds that, unlike the Stevens case, the which might be deemed, for various reasons, contract contained a specific television clause objectionable." With respect to cutting, and was signed at a time when industry prac- Justice Klein's opinion implied rather strongly tices were well known. The court enjoined that major deletions beyond "the normal cus- NBC from cutting or editing the film for the tom and practice in the industry," or cuts that purpose of inserting commercials "or other "interfere with the picture's story line," would material which will so alter, adversely affect be actionable as unfair competition despite or emasculate the artistic or pictorial qual- the contract; specifically, he stated that cuts ity . . . as to destroy or distort materially reducing the 161-minute playing time to 100 or substantially the mood, effect, or con- minutes or less would "obviously . . . not be tinuity." Judge Nutter made clear that the minor and indeed could well be described as iniunction.I did not ~rohibitI the insertion of mutilation." any commercials and suggested that the in- Justice Klein's decision was affirmed by sertions be made at a change of scene. the and the New NBC proceeded to A Place in the Sun York Court of Appeals. In the former, how- with nine separate interruptions for multiple ever, there was a strong dissent by Justice Rabin, who argued that the television con- commercials and with minor cuts totaling tract should be construed as not allowing cuts 10% seconds. Stevens sought to have the without PremingerYsapproval. The dissent defendants found guilty of contempt of court, stressed that "the exhibition of a parbled ver- 150 U.S.P.Q. 572 (Gal- Super. Ct-9 Los U sion under Preminger's name should by all Angeles County, 1966), but Judge Wells means be enjoined" as a matter of common ruled against him on the ground that the strict law, without regard to any contractual rights, terms of the injunction were broad enough to and added that "unlimited interruptions for permit what was done. Noting that "the commercials might tend to permit of a muti- most serious damage to the film was in the lated presentation of the picture to the detri- nunzber of interruptions," and that "defend- ment of the common law rights of the ant's good faith would have been more ap- producer.'' parent if it had reduced, even slightly, the The second "moral rights" case, Stevens v. number of interruptions from its regular National Broadcasting Co., 148 U.S.P.Q. 755 format," Judge Wells nevertheless declared (Cal. Super. Ct., Los Angeles County, 1966), that "the main reason why the television ver- THE COPYRIGHT OFFICE

sion did not violate the injunction was the was also a party." Justice Frank character- power and strength of the film." ized a number of these "conversational pas- The court's position was that "the effect of sages" as "contemplative in tone" and as in- commercial interruptions on a movie is in cluding "reminiscenses by the great author on adverse ratio to the strength or quality of the a wide variety of topics ranging from the per- film," and that A Place in the Sun was "so sonal to the literary." In addition to claim- dramatic, strong, exciting, romantic, tragic, ing unfair competition, breach of trust, and interesting and artistic that it prevailed over invasion of privacy, the plaintiff asserted "that the commercial interruptions." The decision all of the material incorporated in the book acknowledges that the effect of the commer- which is based upon the language, expres- cials was "to lessen, to decrease, to disturb, to sions, comments and communications of interrupt, and to weaken the mood, effect, or Ernest Hemingway, is subject to a common continuity, and the audience involvement; law copyright, that is, the right of first pub- and, therefore, some of the artistry of the lication of such material." film." But, because of the film's strength and The New York Supreme Court, in refusing because "the average television viewer is thick- to grant a preliminary injunction, stated the skinned about commercials and tends to dis- "novel and provocative question" confronting associate them from what goes before and it as "whether a person's participation in after," Judge Wells held that the film had not spontaneous oral conversations with friends been "destroyed or distorted" tvithin the over a course of years, in distinction to lectures meaning of the injunction. or prepared dialogues, may be considered a literary work subject to a common law copy- Subject Matter of Copyright right." Justice Frank's negative answer to The widespread use of miniature tape re- this question was based both on the public corders and the increasing publication of policy against possible restrictions on free works purporting to be verbatim transcripts speech and on the legal nature of conversa- of conversations and interviews raise a signifi- tions. Citing the "enduring fame and inspi- cant legal issue: under what circumstances rational stimulus of the works of recorders can the verbal expression contained in con- such as Plutarch, Bos~vell and Carlyle," he versations and personal dialogs be protected regarded the "social and historical implica- tions" of an injunction in cases of this sort as as literary property? This issue, which broke surface in two widely publicized cases during "striking at the very fundamentals of our the year, was most clearly framed in Heming- political structure." The court also distin- way v. Randonz House, Inc., 148 U.S.P.Q. guished conversations from "the sort of indi- 618 (N.Y. Sup. Ct., N.Y. County), afd, 25 vidual intellectual production" subject to App. Div. 2d 719, or2 nzotion for sumnlary legal protection on two grounds: ( 1) that judgtnent, 156 N.Y. Law Journal 7 (July 22, conversations "reflect a duality that defies 1966). The action was brought by Mrs. dissection or divisibility" and therefore "can- Ernest Hemingway to enjoin publication of not be cataloged as merely the cumulative the book Papa Hemingway by A. E. Hotchner, product of separate and unrelated individual a close friend of the Hemingways. efforts"; and (2) that "random and discon- The book, in the words of the court, is a nected oral conversations" are "merely a dis- "biographical study" whose "intimacy and oriented conglomeration of unconnected immediacy is heightened by the liberal use of expressions" until they are given a presenta- a conversational format wherein Hemingway tion that "organizes them into a coherent is quoted extensively but alrvays within the format and renders them meaningful." This confines of conversations to which Hotchner ruling was upheld on appeal, and motions for 108 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966

summary judgment in the case were later The court held that "the fact that the source denied. of the material for the map is in the public This issue arose again in another action domain does not void the copyright," but against the same defendant, Rosenzo?zt Enter- added that "copyright protection is limited to prises, Inc. V. Ratzdor?~House, Inc., 256 F. the new and original contribution of the map Supp. 55 (S:D.N.Y.) , rev'd, 366 F. 2d 303 maker," and that "there is a strong inference (2d Cir. 1966). This suit for infringement of . . . that some of the material in the map copyright in certain Look magazine articles was obtained by . . . observation on the ter- nras a part of efforts to prevent publication of rain." The label case of the year was Gray an unauthorized biography of Howard v. Eskitno Pie Corp., 244 F. Supp. 785 (D. Hughes. Some use of the material in the Del. 1965), which held uncopyrightable the Look articles had been made in defendant's material appearing on the paper container book, including verbatim quotation of "tivo that "simply describes the weight and content conversations, one between Hughes and the of SNONUTS,names plaintiffs as the manu- actor Skelton . . . , and the other between facturela-distributor thereof, states that SNO- White [the author of the articles] and 'one of NUTS is plaintiffs' trademark, and describes Hollytvood's best known stars.' " The lo~ver SNONUTSas 'The Ice Cream with the Hole.' " court held that these conversations, even if Noting that "there is nothing unusual about recounted accurately, "are not mere uncopy- the lettering 'which is used," the court cited rightable historical facts," but are the author's the Copyright Office Regulations to support "own version of what occurred, expressed in its conclusion that "matters such as these- his own language and part of his effort to slogans, names, listing of ingredients or con- picture Hughes and his personality and is thus tents, are not subject to copyright." copyrightable." As an interesting counter- Blzc?tlcmft of Pittsburgh v. Newnzan Bros., point to the Henzingway opinion, Judge Bryan Irzc., 246 F. S~ipp.987 (S.D. Ohio 1965), in- added: "Even assuming that the dialogue volved a claim of infringement of copyright involving White himself was an exact repeti- in some of the art work in a catalog for orna- tion of the conversation, certainly White's part mental iron railings. Plaintiff's catalog con- in the conversation would be original and tained what was called a "new and dramatic would have contributed to the reply elicited. means of presentation" of its products, con- It likeitrise is copyrightable material." The sisting of a fence in sharp perspective and District Court's decision enjoining publication against a black background. Defendant's il- of the biography was reversed by the Second lustrations showed a very similar perspective Circuit Court of Appeals on grounds of fair view on a black background, but pictured de- use, but this holding on the copyrightability fendant's own iron products rather than those of conversations was left undisturbed. of the plaintiff. The court held for the de- Several cases involving the familiar prob- fendant on the ground that the perspective lems of copyrightability in the fields of maps, and background were mere ideas which went commercial labels, and trade catalogs arose into the public domain on publication, and in fiscal 1966. In County of Vcntura v. that defendant had not copied the copyright- Blackbztrn, 362 F. 2d 515 (1966), the Ninth able elements in plaintiff's work: "a copyright Circuit Court of Appeals upheld copyright in infringement action cannot be found in mere a map of Ventura County, Calif., which had resemblances occasioned by a generally similar been prepared at a cost of $7,500 by "assem- perspective presentation." bling, preparing, collating and compiling" in- In Lin-Brook Builders Hardware v. Gertlcr, formation from government maps, assessors' 352 F. 2d 298 ( 1965') , the lower court had records, aerial photographs, and other records. held that drawings of hardware products in THE COPYRIGHT OFFICE

plaintiff's catalog were ~ncop~rightable,partly preliminary injunction partly on the grounds because they were advertisen~ents of utili- that the plaintiff's "idea, plan and method" tarian articles and partly bccause the drawings were not copyrightable and that the design lacked "originality." The Ninth Circuit of a telephone dial published as part of the Court of Appeals reversed this decision, hold- matcrial is in the public domain. ing on the basis of "overwhelming authority" The idea or plan for a word-puzzle entitled that advertising is copyrightable, and rejecting Scramble or Junzble was held not to be subject the trial court's conception of "originality." to protection as literary property in Dell v. Judge Becks indicated that the lower court Cllicago-Tribune-New York News Syndicate "seems to have been led astray by the dual Inc., 24 App. Div. 2d 859 (N.Y. 1965). On meaning of the word" since, taking a drawing the other hand, where the plaintiff in Silver v. of a Texaco oil can as an example, the court Television City, Inc., 148 U.S.P.Q. 167 (Pa. had said that it lacked originality because "any Super. Ct. 1965), had reduced his idea for a meticulous artist, looking at the can before television program entitled Air Your Gripe to him, would have drawn it in the same manner, concrete form "by tape recording, typewritten achieving the same result." The appeals format, and dummy script," his common law court hcld that a drawing of an oil can is no rights were held to have been infringed by a less copyrightable than a photograph of it, and program entitled Pulse of the People. Start- that " 'originality' in copyright law is not a ing from the premise that "radio and televi- question of creativity or novelty, but one of sion programs may be such literary produc- authorship or source of origin." Under the tions as are protected by the common law" decision, "appellees wcre free to copy the orig- if they "evidence the esercise of skill, descrip- inal oil can, but they were not free to copy tion and creative effort," Judge Montgomery Baxter's copy of the can." held that it makes no difference that the au- In anothcr case involving tmde publica- thor "takes esisting material from sources tions, Flick-Reedy Corp. v. Hydro-Line Man- common to all writers" as long as he "creates a ufacturing Co., 35 1 F. 2d 546 ( 1965), the ne\v form and gives them an application un- Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals reversed a known before in a different manner and for a lower court decision and upheld copyright in different purpose resulting in a real improve- two pages of a sales booklet containing "math- ment over existing modes." ematical data and formulae with explanations The familiar prir;ri;;le that "no copyright for their use." The appeals court was careful protection lvill be given to the title of a literary not to base its decision on the copyrightability production" \\.as upheld in Citzcpi.~, Inc. V. of the computations appearing in the mathe- Triple F Productions, 150 U.S.P.Q. 134 (N.Y. matical charts, which the defendant could well Sup. Ct., N.Y. County, 1966), a case involv- have been found to have calculated independ- ing t~votelevision series both entitled I Spy. ently. Instead, it held that the "arrangement, In Northern Music Corj). v. Pacenzakcr Music expression and manner of presentation . . . Co., 147 U.S.P.Q. 357 (S.D.N.Y. 1964), on of the computations, formulae and explana- r?zotionx for sur?2??zar))judgr?zent, 147 U.S.P.Q. tions" were copyrightable and infringed. In 358 (S.D.N.Y. 1965), the issue was infringe- a case involving copyright in various publica- ment of copyright in a composition entitled tions prepared in connection with "a plan for Don't Let the Su72 Catch You Cryin' by an- a service to provide an accounting of tax de- other song entitled Don't Let the Sun Catch ductible drug purchases by individual taxpay- You Crying. Despite plaintiff's argument ers from drugstores," Drugtax, Inc. V.Sj?~tem.r that "both compositions have the same cen- Programming Corp., 147 U.S.P.Q. 313 (M.D. tral idea and literary test under the same 110 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 19 66 the principal lyrical theme 'Don't Let the Sun question; and the nature of the right pro- Catch You Cryin' ' is substantially the same," tected." The court indicated that both the Judge Cooper denied a preliminary injunc- making of additional copies of the plans and tion on the ground that "mere similarity of the the building of homes from them could con- title line is not in itself enough," and Judge stitute infringement of copyright but held that Palmieri denied motions for summary judg- a general publication of the plans took place ment on the ground that the showing of simi- ( 1) when the "plaintiffs, through their multi- larity \\?as insufficient. pie listing and open house exhibitions, invited the general public to review the floor plan," Ptt blication and (2) "when they sold the residence and furnished the purchaser with a copy of the The difficult problem of what constitutes plans . . . without restriction upon the use." a general publication in the field of architec- The court held specifically that the open ex- tural designs was dealt with in Read v. Turner, hibition of the house itself constituted a gen- 148 U.S.P.Q. 453 (Cal. Dist. Ct. App. 1966). eral publication of the floor plan since the The plaintiffs, a married couple, drew up plan "readily was observable by those to whom ~lansfor their own home and let the defend- L the exhibition was made." On the other ant contractor use then1 under restricted con- hand, the original delivery of the plans to the ditions for purposes of preparing a bid. The defendant for bidding purposes was held to be contractor had 10 copies made of the plans a limited publication, and the court indicated and started building homes based on them. that there could be recovery for any acts of Meanwhile, after the plaintiff's home was infringement that took place before the house completed, it was listed for sale with a large was opened for public inspection. group of agents and given a number of open The concept of publication was also ex- house shoivings. The purchaser was given a plored in cases involving infringement of Fed- copy of the floor plan to obtain rug eral copyright in the designs of "troll dolls," measuren~ents. Scandia House Enterprises, Inc. v. Dam The California District Court of Appeal Things Establishment, 243 F. Supp. 450 noted that the California Code provisions (D.D.C. 1965), and of textile fabrics, Key "adopt, in general, the common la\\. copy- West Hand Print Fabrics, Inc. V. Scrbin, Inc., right rule; confer a copyright upon the design- 244 F. Supp. 287 (S.D. Fla. 1965). In the er of a house plan, protecting his property in "troll doll" case large quantities of the popular the plan designed; and terminate the copy- figurines had been sold in the United States right upon publication when control by the without notice, and the court held that "de- owner over the subject thereof ceases." Jus- fendant cannot properly contend that manu- tice Coughlin then reviewed the distinction facture of Dolls . . . without notice was an between a "general publication" that termi- unauthorized act, a mistake, or a breach of nates common law rights and a "limited pub- a condition of a license agreement, particu- lication" that does not, stating the factors to larly where defendant was aware of the manu- be considered as: "the intention of the owner, facture of Dolls without notice and he did not viz., whether his acts of publication are indic- take remedial action until 60 days before ative of an intent that the subject of the copy- trial. Rejecting any argument based on right may be used by the general public; the section 21 of the copyright statute, Judge character of the communication or exhibition Jackson also held that "sale of Dolls by de- effecting the pu.blication; the nature of the fendant without notice places the Dolls in the subject of the copyright as related to the public domain from which they cannot be method of communication or exhibition in withdrawn by a contention that the omission THE COPYRIGHT OFFICE

of the notice was accident or mistake, par- Kontes Glass Co. v. Lab Glass, Inc., 250 F. ticularly where the notice was omitted from Supp. 193 (D. N.J. 1966), a case involving almost all of the Dolls ever manufactured." glassware catalogs, the plaintiff was denied a The court added that "a publisher is one who preliminary injunction on general grounds reproduces material for sale, .. . not one who of publication without notice or abandon- purchases material for resale," and that sale ment. The court concluded, without going to an intermediate distributor "without re- into a detailed analysis of the items claimed to ! striction as to the purpose of the sale and with- have been copied, that the entire catalog was 1 out limitation on [the] . . . right of distribu- probably in the public domain because parts tion or resale" was a general rather than a of it had been reproduced from earlier unlimited publication. copyrighted catalogs and pamphlets, because In the Key West case the defendant argued, even after copyright registration plaintiff had among other things, that copyright protection published excerpts from its catalogs without had been lost by two acts of general publica- notice, and because plaintiff waited 9 years to tion : ( 1) by showing a drawing of what be- make registration and this "may have resulted came the fabric design to a prospective cus- in certain of its published items having become tomer, and (2) by allowing publication of a preempted in and by the public domain." reproduction of the design in a fashion article Similarly, the court in Gray v. Eskimo Pie appearing in Life magazine. The court re- Corp., 244 F. Supp. 785 (D. Del. 1965), jected the first argument on the grounds that found that the only copyrightable portion of exhibition of "renderings7' of the design did plaintiff's label had been used earlier on bags not constitute publication, especially since and cartons; "although only a small quantity "they were not even the complete design" and of SNONUTSwas involved, it was for public since the limited showing was merely to get sale," and "this constituted publication . . . an "opinion or reaction." The second argu- without the statutory notice," which placed ment was dismissed because "all of plaintiff's the material in the public domain. material was printed with the cop;right notice beginning with that which first left the Notice of Copyright factory," and "plaintiffs 'cooperation' did not require it to insist that the statutory mark be The familiar problem of the validity of a displayed in the photographs used by Life." notice imprinted on the selvage r~tL textile B. Wilmsen, Inc. v. Consolidated Noveltji fabrics was raised again in Key West Hand Co., 251 F. Supp. 874 (S.D.N.Y. 1965), in- Print Fabrics, Inc. V. Scrbin, Inc., 244 F. volved a dispute over importation of artificial Supp. 287 (S.D. Fla. 1965). The notice in Christmas trees. The defendant had regis- this case appeared with each repeat of the tered claims to copyright in the design of trees design, at intervals of about 30 inches, and imported from Hong Kong, and on the the defendant argued that the notice could strength of its certificate was successful in hav- have been embodied in the design itself with- ing the Collector of Customs detain "piratical out impairing its market value or aesthetic copies" of the tree imported by the plaintiff. appeal. The court, in holding otherwise, re- The plaintiff in turn sued for a declaratory marked that although it may sometimes be judgment as to the invalidity of the copyright possible for a well-known designer to work his and sought a preliminary injunction forcing name into a design, "it is not feasible for the .Customs to release the goods. The court printer or converter of the cloth to do SO." granted the injunction on the basis of evidence The court also held that, even though the

showing a "substantial likelihood of proving- plaintiff's name had been changed from "Key there was a publication without notice." In West Fabric Company" to "Key West Hand 112 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 19 66

Print Fabrics, Inc." and some material may tice in the newspapers was not adequate to have appeared with the new name before it protect the advertisements. \vas officially recorded, the validity of the In Litz-Brook Builders Hardware v. Gertler, copyright was unaffected; "it is not necessary 352 F. 2d 298 (9th Cir. 1965), the trial court that the owner's true name be used at all so had held that, since many of the plaintiff's long as a name with which it is identified is catalog illustrations had been copyrighted ear- used and no innocent persons are misled," and lier, the new matter in the catalog was not here the defendant was a "knowing infringer protected since the copyright notice did not and aware of the existence of the copyright." identify what material was copyrighted when. The notice appearing on the side rather than The Court of Appeals reversed this ruling as the front of a wall plaque was held sufficient "contrary to the espress language of the stat- in lMiller Studio, Inc. v. Pacific Import Co., ute . . . and to the holdings of the decided 39 F.R.D. 62 (S.D.N.Y. 1965). On the other cases." hand, in the "troll doll" case, Scandia House The mare's nest of litigation involving Enter~rises,Inc. v. Dam Tlrings Establislr- Genet's Tlzief's Journal produced two deci- ment, 243 F. Supp. 450 (D.D.C. 1965), the sions dealing with copyright notice during court refused to accept the claim that the the year: Grove Press, Inc. V. Greenleaf Pub- word "Denmark" appearing in conjunction lishing Co., 247 F. Supp. 127 (E.D.N.Y. with the notice was an "accepted alternative 1965), on motion for prelimitzary injunctio?~, designation" of the copyright owner, Dam and 247 F. Supp. 518 (E.D.N.Y. 1965), on Things Establishment of Vaduz, Liechtenstein. motion for summary judgment. A rough Judge Jackson ruled that the notice was "in- chronology of the case begins in 1949, when adequate because the word 'Denmark' . . . Genet's novel Journal du Voleur was pub- is not the name of defendant, but identifies lished in France with a valid U.S. copyright the country of origin usually placed on im- notice. An authorized English translation was ported merchandise to conform to the require- rnade by Bernard Frechtman, an American ments of the Tariff Act." citizen, and five pages of it were published A test case to determine the rights of news- in the United States in 1952 in the anthology paper publishers to protect the advertisements New World Writing with a separate notice prepared and published by them for local in Frechtman's name. The escerpt was reg- advertisers was decided against the plaintiff istered separately in the Copyright Office. in Brattleboro Publislring Co. v. Winmill Pub- In 1954 the Frechtman translation, includ- lislring Corp., 250 F. Supp. 2 15 (D. Vt. 1966) . ing the five-page escerpt in revised form, The four advertisements in suit, which were was published in France by the well-known for a restaurant, a sports shop, a jewelry store, Olympia Press, with a notice reading "Copy- and a real estate dealer, had been published right 1954 by B. Frechtman and the Olympia as part of plaintiff's copyrighted newspaper Press, Paris." In 1964, acting under a li- but without separate copyright notices of their cense from Genet, Grove Press published an own. Plaintiff claimed no copyright in na- American edition of the Thief's Journal con- tional advertising or in political ads prepared sisting of a substantially revised version of by the candidates, but it asserted the right to the Olympia Press edition; the copies bore sue another newspaper for reproducing its a 1964 copyright notice in the name of the local advertising without permission. The publisher and also contained a 1949 copy- court concluded that ownership in the adver- right notice referring to the original French tisements remained with the advertisers who edition. In 1965 the Greenleaf Publishing engaged the newspaper to prepare and pub- Company published an unauthorized edi- lish them, and that therefore the general no- tion which was an exact photo-offset fac- THE COPYRIGHT OFFICE

simile of the 1954 Olympia Press edition. The held that the failure to copyright the English 1949 edition was finally registered in the translation published by Olympia Press in Copyright Office in July 1965, but no regis- 1954 was not "fatal to the copyright on the tration was ever made for the edition pub- pattern of the underlying work unless the lished by Olympia in France in 1954. author has consented to such dedication." Greenleaf's basic defense was that the text Since no consent by Genet had been shown, of the Olympia Press edition is in the public the defendants were held to have infringed domain because it represents a book in English the copyright in his French-language work by by an American citizen and therefore violates copying the uncopyrighted English transla- the manufacturing requirements. Since no tion. ad interim copyright was secured in the work, it was argued, the text of that edition, which Copyright Registration is all that Greenleaf copied, went into the public domain 6 months after first publication. At least four cases during the year added In rnoving for a preliminary injunction, plain- authoritative support to the established prin- tiff based its claim entirely on the five-page ciple that a certificate of registration is prima excerpt published in compliance with the facie evidence of the validity of the copyright: manufacturing requirements and registered in Flick-Reedy Corp. v. Hydro-Line Manufac- 1952; since this excerpt was incorporated in turing Co., 351 F. 2d 546 (7th Cir. 1965); the 1954 edition, defendant had copied it Manes Fabrics Co. v. Miss Celebrity, Inc., along with the rest of the text. The court up- 246 F. Supp. 975 (S.D.N.Y. 1965) ; Man- held the validity of copyright in the excerpt, power, Inc. v. Tenzporary Help of Harrisburg, representing 2 percent of the entire text, and Inc., 246 F. Supp. 788 (E.D. Pa. 1965) ;and ruled that its protection was not lost by its Miller Studio, Inc. v. Pacific Inzkort Co., 39 incorporation in a foreign edition that failed F.R.D. 62 (S.D.N.Y. 1965.) The opinion in to satisfy the manufacturing requirements. the Manpower case stated that a certificate However, it refused to grant a preliminary constitutes "a prima facie showing of author- injunction on the authority of a 19 15 decision, ship, originality, ownership, copyrightability Bentley v. Tibbals, 223 Fed. 247 (2d Cir.), and publication by plaintiff," and the court in which had concluded in a somewhat similar the Flick-Reedy case ruled that the presump- case that a person "who so embodies copy- tion of validity is not overcome by a showing righted with uncopyrighted matter that one that some of the material in the work is in reading his work cannot distinguish between the public domain. In the Miller case Judge the two has no right to complain if the book Levet held that, since a "Certificate of Regis- is republished by third parties." tration is prima facie evidence of the facts This ruling with respect to the notice re- stated therein, . . . and in the absence of quirements, which seems to be against the contradictory evidence is sufficient proof to weight of present authority in cases not in- establish a valid copyright, . . . there is no volving the manufacturing requirements, was merit in defendant's assertion that a defense left undisturbed by the later decision of Judge exists because plaintiff has not shown what was actually filed in the Copyright Office." Bartels on plaintiff's motion for summary On the other hand, it was held in Gray v. judgment. The basis for that motion, how- Eskinzo Pie Corp., 244 F. Supp. 785 (D. Del. ever, was not limited to infringement of the 1965), that a certificate "is not evidence that five-page excerpt, but included a claim of plaintiff's commercial label always bore a copyright infringement with respect to the statutory notice of copyright." French text originally published in 1949. In In Gladys Music, Inc. v. Arclz hfusic Co., ruling for the plaintiffs on this point, the court 150 U.S.P.Q. 26 (S.D.N.Y. 19661, the court 114 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 19 66

held that the first assignee of the authors' com- fused to rule the certificates invalid, holding mon law rights "became the proprietor of the that since "there was no showing . . . that this Song within the meaning of Title 17, U.S.C. was other than an innocent misstatement, un- Section 9, and, as such, was the sole person accompanied by fraud or Intent to extend the entitled to apply for statutory copyright." statutory period of copyright protection," the Thus, a registration for the unpublished com- error "does not, therefore, invalidate the position, made in the name of a later assignee, copyright." was held to be void, and the court directed Another defense in the Key West case was the defendant "to execute all necessary and that plaintiff had delayed several months in proper documents which may be required to making registrations and was thus guilty of espunge from the records of the Register of laches. The court, in rejecting this argument, Copyrights and throughout the world the void explained the delay as the result of "produc- registrations." The decision indicates that no tion problen~s"arising from the fact that the statutory copyright came into being until sev- plaintiff's designs "became the rage of the eral months after the void registration, when dress-buying public in late 1962 and early the true proprietor registered a claim in its 1963, and the demands on the manufacturing name. The main issue in Richmond v. of fabric in Key West was great." It added Weiner, 353 F. 2d 41 (9th Cir. 1965), was that, "in any event, registration in the Copy- whether the plaintiff was sole owner of a copyright office is only a prerequisite to suit and right or whether she owned it jointly with the does not affect the efficacy of the copyright defendant. The court held that the work was itself." A somewhat different conclusion is one of joint authorship; even though the indicated in Kontes Glass Co. v. Lab Glass, plaintiff had made copyright registration in Inc., 250 F. Supp. 193 (D.N.J. 1966), where her name alone, the court upheld the registra- one of the grounds for denying plaintiff's motion and, on the theory that "equity regards as tion for a preliminary injunction was that a done that which ought to be done," ruled that delay of 9 years in making registration con- the plaintiff held the copyright in trust for her- stituted laches which "may have resulted in self and the other owner. certain of its published items having become One of the defendant's arguments in Lin- preempted in and by the public domain." Brook Builders Hardware v. Gcrtlcr, 352 F. The important rule of Vaclzeron CY Con- 2d 298 (9th Cir. 1965), was that the statement of "new matter" given in the certificate of stantin-Le Coultre Watches, Inc. V. Benrus registration covering plaintiffs catalog "was so Watch Co., 260 F. 2d 637 (2d Cir. 1958), that indefinite and uncertain as to be a failure of no action for infringement of copyright in a notice to the public." The statement, which work can be maintained unless and until a read "New matter consists of new artistic certificate of registration has been issued for drawings of merchandise, new testual and pic- the work, received support in two decisions torial material not previously published and during fiscal 1966. In the Thief's Journal new layouts and revisions," was held to "give case discussed above, Grove Press, Inc., V. all notice the statute requires." Even more Greenleaf Publishing Co., 247 F. Supp. 518 liberal was the decision in Key West Hand (E.D.N.Y. 1965), Judge Bartels cited the Print Fabrics, Inc. V. Serbin, Inc., 244 F. Vaclzeron case as authority for his conclusion Supp. 287 (S.D. Fla. 1965), where the appli- that "no affirmative relief could be grounded cations and certificates of registration were on the Olympia translation, at least in this shown to have stated a date of publication at Court, since no certificate of registration on least one month later than the date when the this work has been issued by the Register of works were actually published. The court re- Copyrights." THE COPYRIGHT OFFICE

The point was even more directly involved is done." The artist's later assignment of any in the latest decision in the Candy case (G. P. interest he had in his drawings to the plaintiff Putnam's Sons v. Lancer Books, Inc., 251 F. was held insufficient to rebut this presump- Supp. 2 10 (S.D.N.Y. 1966) ) , concerning a tion. The court in Brattleboro Publishing Co. v. Winmill Publishing Corp., 250 F. Supp. I motion by defendant to dismiss the complaint I on the ground that no registration had been 215 (D. Vt. 1966), cited the Lin-Brook deci- I I made for the material claimed to have been sion as authority for its conclusion that "when infringed. The court, in granting the mo- an advertiser engages a newspaper to produce tion, noted that the Vaclzeron case, which is and publish an advertisement and there is no I "clearly in point and is not distinguishable," agreement made between the advertiser and holds "directly that under 5 13 an action for the newspaper as to the ownership of the ad, infringement may not be maintained when then the ownership of the advertisement and the work has not been registered with the the right to copy the advertisement is in the Copyright Office." Judge Bryan commented advertiser and not in the one who publishes that "Law Review criticisms of Vacheron on it." which plaintiffs place much reliance . . . , Ferrer v. Columbia Pictures Corp., 149 whether well taken or not, are, of course, quite U.S.P.Q. 236 (N.Y. Sup. Ct., Westchester Co., beside the point," and held that "where there 1966), represented an effort by JosC Ferrer has been refusal to register a party's sole rem- to enjoin distribution of the motion picture edy lies in a proceeding in the nature of man- Tlze Long Ships on the ground that he was co- damus against the Register to compel author of the screenplay and that his permis- registration." The court rejected as out of sion was necessary in order to exploit the film. place the plaintiff's attack on the Copyright The court dismissed the claim, holding that Office Regulation which was the basis for the " 'joint authors' of a literary work stand in refusal to register, stating that "under Vach- the position of tenants in common . . . ,and cron that question can only be litigated in an that either of the collaborators, without the appropriate action against the Register of consent of the other, may grant a license to Copyrights such as plaintiffs now have pend- use and deal with the work." The other au- ing in the District of Columbia." thor had transferred his rights to the defendant and, in the words of Justice Fanelli: "A Ownership, Assignment, and Renewal of grantee or licensee from a joint author may Copyright not be considered an infringer and may not otherwise be prevented by any other alleged Two decisions during fiscal 1966 dealt joint author from dealing with the work pur- with the ownership of copyright in material suant to the terms of the license." prepared on order by an independent con- Although the central issue in Gladys Music, tractor. In Lin-Brook Builders Har(1ruarc Inc. v. Arch Music Co., 150 U.S.P.Q. 26 v. Gertlcr, 352 F. 2d 298 (9th Cir. 1965), a (S.D.N.Y. 1966), was the ownership of copy- case involving the art work in a hardware cat- right in a song entitled Good Luck Clzarnz, the alog, the court ruled explicitly that "when one Federal District Court held that it had juris- person engages another, whether as employee or as an independent contractor, to produce diction since, if the defendant was not the a work of an artistic nature . . . in the ab- copyright owner, it had infringed the plain- sence of an express contractual reservation of tiff's copyright. The plaintiff's claim was the copyright in the artist, the presumption based on a blanket agreement executed before arises that the mutual intent of the parties is the song had been written; the court con- that the title to the copyright shall be in the cluded that "title to a composition prior to its person at whose instance and expense the work existence is assignable," and that common law 116 REPORT OF THE IJBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966 copyright vested in the plaintiff as soon as the of rights in renewal copyrights. The first and condition specified in the agreement-record- simpler of the two was Donaldson Publishing ing of the song by Elvis Presley-had been Co. v. Bregman, Vocco and Conn, Inc., 253 met. The currently popular Herman's Her- F. Supp. 841 (S.D.N.Y. 1965), in which the mits were involved in the infringement action principal issue was whether Walter Donald- decided in Hermusic, Ltd. v. Reverse Pro- son, the songwriter, had been an employee for ducers Corp., 254 F. Supp. 502 (S.D.N.Y. hire or an independent contractor when he 1966) ; the court held that, even though some wrote 87 compositions for a corporation he of the individual Hermits and their managers had formed with two associates. The court were stockholders and directors in the plaintiff found that, although "the money arrangement corporation, they had no authority to grant was heavily weighted in Donaldson's favor" an oral license to record compositions owned and although he was employed to write songs by the corporation. for others during the period, "he deliberately In Hiawatha Card Co. v. Colourpicture chose to be an employee for hire." The Publishers, Inc., 255 F. Supp. 1015 (E.D. court's ruling on this issue enabled it to avoid Mich. 1966), a contract granting reproduc- deciding whether, as alterrlatively argued by tion rights in photographs intended for use on the defendant, the works had been "copy- post cards was held to be a license rather than righted by a corporate body (otherwise than a transfer of legal title of the exclusive right of as assignee or licensee of the individual au- reproduction, partly on the theory that copy- thor) "; that obscure provision of the copyrights are indivisible and can be transferred right law must still await an authoritative only as a totality. County of Ventura v. construction. On another point, however, Blackburn, 362 F. 2d 515 (9th Cir. 19661, in- Judge Connella indicated that a divorced volved construction of a contract granting wife is not a widow within the meaning of the "the right to obtain duplicate tracings on linen renewal provision. from the photographic negatives" of plaintiff's In Gordon v. Vincent Youmans, Inc., 358 copyrighted map. The defendant had omit- F. 2d 261 ( 1965), the Second Circuit Court of ted the copyright notice from its reproduc- Appeals, in a split decision, reversed a District tions, and the court held that, since this did Court judgment declaring the son of Mack not amount to a "duplicate tracing," the con- Gordon, a co-author of the lyrics of Time on tract was breached and the defendant was an My Hands, to be a part owner of renewal infringer. An effort to foreclose a mortgage copyright in the composition. The basic ques- on the copyright in a motion picture was up- tion was whether a group of several docu- held in Empire Trust Co. v. Yankee Produc- ments executed in 1930 and 1931, when read tions, Inc., 155 N.Y. Law Journal 10 (N.Y. together, could be regarded as conveying Gor- Sup. Ct. 1966), even though the mortgage had don's renewal interest in the copyright. Judge not been recorded in the Copyright Office; the Hays, speaking for the majority, held that court held that the plaintiff had acquired the there were enough doubts on the questior, to copyright and all rights in the work under the require a trial; he also observed that 32 \ ears mortgage, and that the defendants could not had "elapsed before the appellants' righk were benefit from the failure to record "for three challenged," that "the rights under the orig- reasons: first, they are not assignees without inal and renewal copyrights stem from the notice; they are not assignees who have made same source, and claims under one are inex- due registration; and, finally, they are not tricably tied to the other," and that "the fact assignees." that appellee has sued only on the renewal Two cases in fiscal 1966 were actions for copyright does not preclude a finding of declaratory judgment dealing with ownership laches." Judge Timbers, in a long and force- THE COPYRIGHT OFFICE

ful dissent, argued that the various docunlents leged copy as having been appropriated from clearly show that Gordon had not transferred the copyrighted work." away his renewal rights, especially in view of The "ordinary observer" test resulted in a principle that, in construing renewal assign- judgment for the plaintiff in the Key West ments, "the circumstances justifying the trans- case, in which the court refused to allow ex- fer of the right of renewal must be stronger pert testimony on the question of similarity than those justifying the transfer of the copy- since "here the differences in design are purely right, since the right of renewal is separate incidental and anyone who did not set out to from the original copyright." Although the detect the disparities might well overlook them point was not directly at issue in the case, the and regard the aesthetic appearances as the Gordon decision is authority for the proposi- same." However, in the Manes case, the tion that, where two authors wrote the words other decision involving a fabric design, Judge and a third wrote the music of a song, the Cannella found the dissimilarities between the renewal rights are to be divided into three designs more pronounced than the similarities, equal shares. and therefore denied plaintiff's motion for a preliminary injunction on the ground that Infringement and Remedies "the total impressions created by the two designs are not substantially similar, and conse- At least a dozen cases during the year in- quently no confusion on the part of the buying volved an interpretation and application of public can be anticipated." the tests for determining copyright infringe- In the Fristot case Judge Frankel noted ment. More than half of these cases dealt that, in coming to his decision, he had "studied with designs and works of graphic art: dolls the polyethylene flora in evidence [artificial in Ideal Toy Corp. v. Fab-Lu Ltd., 360 F. 2d rhododendrons made in France and in Hong 1021 (2d Cir. 1966), and Uneeda Doll Co. v. Kong], together with the parties' aesthetic, P €i?M Doll Co., 353 F. 2d 788 (2d Cir. 1965) ; metric, and horticultural contentions about textile fabric designs in Key West Hand Print them." He concluded that, although the two Fabrics, Inc. v. Serbin, Inc., 244 F. Supp. 287 flowers are "by no means identical in overall (S.D. Fla. 1965), and Manes Fabrics Co. v. appearance . . . the distin,guishing character- Miss Celebrity, Inc., 246 F. Supp. 975 (S.D. istics are wholly insufficient to conceal the N.Y. 1965) ;artificial flowers in Fristot v. First substantial copying that adds up to infringe- American Natural Ferns Co., 251 F. Supp. 886 ment." The defendant in the Miller case (S.D.N.Y. 1966) ; wall plaques in Miller alleged that its wall plaques "\vere copied from Studio, Inc. v. Pacific Import Co., 39 F.R.D. Japanese originals and not from the plaintiff's 62 (S.D.N.Y. 1965) ; and commercial labels plaques." The court ruled that, although the in Gray v. Eskimo Pie Corp., 244 F. Supp. 785 burden of proving infringement is on the (D. Del. 1965). The plaintiffs in both the plaintiff, the latter "is not compelled to nega- doll cases lost because of insufficient similarity tive a claim which has.not one iota of substan- between their products and those of the de- tiation"; since the defendant had failed to fendants. In the Ideal case the court held introduce copies of the Japanese plaques it that "to sustain a claim of copyright infringe- claimed to have copied, and since the plaques ment the claimant is required to demonstrate in suit were strikingly similar, the plaintiff a substantial similarity between the copy- was awarded summary judgment despite the, righted work and the alleged copy," and that lack of any direct evidence that defendant had "the appropriate test for determining whether had access to the plaintiff's work. substantial similarity is present is whether an The tests of infringenlent applicable to in- average lay observer \vould recognize the al- formational or factual works were employed 118 ; REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966

in three cases during fiscal 1966: Flick-Reedy Infringements of musical copyrights were Corp. v. Hydro-Line Manufacturing Co., alleged in Nordstronz v. Radio Corporation of 35 1 F. 2d 546 ( 7th Cir. 1965) ;Lapsley v. The America, 251 F. Supp. 41 (D. Colo. 1965), American Institute of Certified Public Ac- and United States v. Rose, 149 U.S.P.Q. 820 countants, 246 F. Supp. 389 (D.D.C. 1965) ; (S.D.N.Y. 1966). In the Nordstrom case the and Smith v. Little, Brown &' Co., 149 plaintiff claimed that one of the songs from U.S.P.Q. 799 (2d Cir. 1966). The Flick- the Broadway musical Milk and Honey in- Reedy case involved 2 pages of a 32-page fringed a copyrighted composition which he booklet containing data, formulas, and ex- had submitted to RCA for possible recording. planations concerning piston rods. In hold- The court denied defendant's motion for ing that the defendant had infringed the copy- summary judgment, noting that in certain cir- right in these 2 pages, the court emphasized cumstances access can be "proved by showing that the defendant had the same purpose as close similarities between the compositions in- the plaintiff in publishing its work, that it volved" and that, despite defendant's denial went beyond merely using the plaintiff's work of any possibility of access, the composer of the as "a starting point for further development accused song had been in the United States of the ideas espressed," and that, since the for 3 days while plaintiff's song was in the 2 pages copied were an important part of RCA office. The Rose case represents one of the bulletin, their use detracted from the vaIue the relatively few actions for criminal infringe- of plaintiff's copyright. The Lapsley case, ment of copyright : a successful prosecution which involved a claim of infringement in a for the publication and distribution of so- manuscript entitled Budget Theory and Prac- called "fake books" consisting of the words tice, resulted in a holding that none of the and melody line of hundreds of con~positions. three required elements of infringement-ac- The defense of fair use was considered in cess, substantial similarity, and copying-had two cases already discussed in other connec- been proved. Although thc defendant's pub- tions: Mura v. Colunzbia Broadcasting S315- lications contained words and phrases similar tern, Inc., 245 F. Supp. 587 (S.D.N.Y. 1965), to those of the plaintit?, the court held that and Rosemont Enterprises, Inc. V. Random this was "only natural" because "all of these House, Inc., 256 F. Supp. 55 (S.D.N.Y.), works deal with the same topic," and especially revJd,366 F. 2d 303 (2d Cir. 1966). The because "of the technical and complicated Murn case held that the incidental use of Iaw- nature of the subject matter." fully purchased hand puppets on a television The plaintiff in Scott v. WKJG,Inc., 149 show represented a reasonable and fair use U.S.P.Q. 413 (N.D. Ind. 1966), claimed that which, "if anything, . . . would stimulate a 1962 episode on the Loretta Young Show sales . . . rather than prejudice them." The infringed a play she had copyrighted in 1944. ruling of the Iower court in the Rosenzont liti- The court held that, since there was no direct gation was that the defendant's copying of cer- proof of access, "the plays must have a 'strik- tain material from articles on Howard ing similarity which passes the bounds of Hughes in Look magazine was an infringe- mere accident' " in order to establish infringement rather than a "fair use." The court ment. The court considered that the similari- stated that "in general 'fair use' is limited to ties between the two plays were not note- cases where copyrighted material is used for worthy and, while agreeing that similar errors purposes of criticism or comment or in schol- in two works, accused author's past copying, arly works of scientific or educational value" ; and an unusual speed in writing are all evi- it added that outside these categories "permis- dence of infringement, found this evidence sible fair use is severely restricted . . . par- insufficient in the present case. ticularly so where the borrowing and bor- THE COPYRIGHT OFFICE

rowed works are of the same general nature, Two cases involving monetary liability for deal with the same subject matter, are pub- infringement of common law copyrights ap- lished primarily for commercial purposes, and peared to reach opposite conclusions. In are likely to compete with one another." Lapsley v. American Institute of Certified This doctrine was specifically rejected by the Public Accountants; 246 F. Supp. 389 (D.D.C. Second Circuit Court of Appeals in its rever- 1965), the court came to the conclusion that, sal of the decision. to recover for common law copyright infringe- Questions of the proper joinder of parties ment, the "plaintiff must establish that he suf- in an infringement suit were raised in Key fered actual pecuniary loss as the result of the West Hand Print Fabrics, Inc. v. Serbin, Inc., alleged infringement, and may not rely solely 244 F. Supp. 287 (S.D. Fla. 1965), and upon the profits, if any, which the defendants Harm's, Inc., v. Tlzeodosiades, 246 F. Supp. may have earned in connection with the pub- 799 (E.D. Pa. 1965). The court in the Key lication." In contrast, the Pennsylvania West case ruled that, where a copyright has Superior Court in Silver v. Television City, been registered in the names of two claimants, Inc., 148 U.S.P.Q. 167 (1965), ruled that both of them are indispensable parties in an "compensation cannot be refused because infringement action. On the other hand, the proof of the exact amount of the loss or in- court in the Harms case permitted four pro- jury is not produced." The rule of damages prietors of copyright in different songs to be applicable to copyright infringement under joined as plaintiffs in an action against the the California Civil Code was construed in owner of the cafE where the compositions Read v. Turner, 148 U.S.P.Q. 453 (Cal. Dist. were performed and held the owner liable for Ct. App. 1966). infringement regardless of whether or not she The 1965 litigation involving Etlran Fronze paid the performers. produced another important and exhaustive On February 28, 1966, the Chief Justice of decision in 1966Davis v. E. I. du Pont de the United States transmitted to the Congress Nemours 6' Co. 249 F. Supp. 329 (S.D.N.Y. a report on amendments to the Rules of Civil 1966)-this time construing the statutory Procedure for the U.S. District Courts, in- damage provisions of section 101 of the copy- cluding special rules to be followed in copyright law. Judge Feinberg held, among other right cases. The report (H. Doc. 391, 89th things, that a simultaneous network telecast of Cong., 2d sess.) notes that Rule 2 of the Copy- a play over 162 stations constituted a single right Rules, which had required that copies of act of infringement for which minimum statutory damages would be $250 rather than allegedly infringing and infringed works ac- $40,500, and this result was followed with company a complaint, is "unsupported by any respect to simultaneo.us AM and FM broad- unique justification," and is therefore re- casts in Baccaro v. Pisa, 252 F. Supp. 900 scinded as of July 1, 1966 (383 U.S. 1031 ). (S.P N.Y. 1966). The damages and attor- In a note on page 77 of the report, the Ad- ney's fees recoverable in a case of an unauthor- visory Committee also expresses "serious ized recording of a musical composition were doubts as to the desirability of retaining Copy- considered in Norbay Music, Inc. v. King right Rules 3-13," which set out a detailed Records, Inc., 249 F. Supp. 285 (S.D.N.Y. procedure for seizing and impounding; since 1966) ;Judge Bryan relied on Copyright Of- Congress is considering a general revision of fice Circular No. 5 in support of his assump- the law, however, "the Advisory Committee tion that the obligation to file a notice of in- has refrained from making any recommenda- tention to use a composition on recordings tion regarding Copyright Rules 3-1 3, but will arises only after a "notice of use" covering keep the problenl under study." that composition has been recorded. 120 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966

Other Judicial Developments Some of the greatest uncertainty concerning the Sears and Conzpco decisions lies in wheth- Little happened in fiscal 1966 to clear up er they have overruled the Supreme Court's the confusion as to the scope of the Supreme 1917 decision in International News Service v. Court's 1964 decisions in Sears, Rocbtrck €3 Associated Press, 248 U.S. 215, upholding the Co. v. Stifle1 Co., 376 U.S. 225, and Cor?z.pco right to prevent the "misappropriation" of Corp. v. Day-Brite Lighting, Inc., 376 U.S. news reports. At least trvo cases during the 234. It now appears settled that, in a case year-Pottstown Daily News Publishing Co. v. like Kcy West Hand Print Fabrics, 171~.V. Pottstown Broadcasting Co., 247 F. Supp. 578 Serbirz, Inc., 244 F. Supp. 287 (S.D. Fla. (E.D. Pa. 1965), and Bond Buyer v. Dealers 1965), where the work in question was pub- Digest Publishing Co., 154 N.Y. Law Journal lished and came within the subject matter of 16 (N.Y. Sup. Ct., Nov. 16, 1965), revJdJ149 copyright and where there was no fraud or U.S.P.Q. 465 (App. Div. 1966)-indicate that "palming off," the courts will dismiss an un- the INS doctrine still has considerable vitality. fair competition claim under State law. Be- In the Bond Buyer case, plaintiff was suing in yond this, how~ever, everything remains the New York State courts for "piracy" of problematical. information disseminated by means of its pri- Bogene, Inc. v. Whit-Mor Mazufacturing vate teletype network service called "Muni- Co., 253 F. Supp. 126 (S.D.N.Y. 1966), in- facts." Systematic copying of the informa- volved a Federal action for unfair competition tion was shown by the fact that defendant re- under the Lanham Act involving "brochure produced in its newsletter errors deliberately sheets" which serve as labels for garment bags. inserted by plaintiff in what it disseminated. The court rejected the defense that, under the The lower court, while expressing the opinion Sears and Conzpco decisions, "the unfair com- that plaintiffs' work product may be protected petition law of a state 'cannot prevent the under the INS doctrine of "misappropriation" copying of works unprotected by design pat- and that nothing in the Sears and Conzpco ents and copyright which nevertheless are decision is "to the contrary," denied a tem- subject to such federal protection' on the " porary injunction because the invasion of ground that "plaintiff's claim is predicated not rights was insufficiently clear. This decision on state unfair competition law but upon a was reversed by the Appellate Division, Congressionally-created right of action for a squarely on the authority of the INS case and particular kind of unfair competition." Sig- without mentioning Sears and Conzpco. nificantly, the defendant also argued that "the The Federal Court in the Eastern District Lanham Act would be unconstitutional if it is of Pennsylvania went even further in the interpreted to prevent a competitor from Pottstown case, an action by a Pottstown copying a copyrightable but uncopyrighted newspaper against a broadcasting station for label." The court sidestepped this funda- appropriation of its local news stories. The mental issue by holding that ''whatever the question there was whether the Sears and merits of that contention may be," both the Conzpco cases had deprived the States of juris- complaint and the particular section of the Lanham Act are in substance seeking to pre- diction to grant relief in cases of this sort, and vent something else: "the use of any words the court held specifically that they had not. or symbols which constitute a false designation Judge Body regarded it as "entirely possible, of the origin of goods, not the mere act of even in the light of Sears, Roebuck, that con- copying another's label." In support of this gressional failure to protect purely factual assertion the court cited the Sears and Corzzpcc nervs accounts by the Copyright Act could be decisions and the Register's Supplementary deemed an expression of a limitation of fed- Report. eral power rather than a congressional policy THE COPYRIGHT OFFICE 121

which allows the copyright of such items," and However, the court refused to enjoin the de- he found "appealing" the suggestion that there fendants "from renting their recording ma- is a distinction between "copying" and "ap- chines to others for the making of tapes of propriation" for this purpose. Failure to offer records owned by the customer and for their the plaintiff protection in this situation, in the own use," holding that "it does not appear court's opinion, "would leave a glaring loop- that 'custom duplicating' here involves a hole in the law" which "men of conscience palming off." Another interesting case with would hardly condone." Judge Body specifi- overtones in the fields of both copyrights and cally rejected defendant's theory that "if "neighboring rights" was Republic Produc- state unfair competition laws do not apply tions, Inc. v. American Federation of Musi- to items which could not be copyrighted, then cians of tlze United States and Canada, 245 a fortiori, state unfair competition laws can- F. Supp. 475 (S.D.N.Y. 1965) ; the court in not affect items which have been copy- that case held that insistence by a performers' righted." In his view, "it cannot be stated union on a clause in its contract with a motion categorically that for a state to afford addi- picture company prohibiting the showing of tional protection, through its unfair competi- motion pictures on television without the tion laws, to one's rights in an article which is union's consent was not an antitrust viola- capable of being either patented or copy- tion, and that the same was true of the union's righted, under federal law, would run counter later requirement for periodic payments into to the congressional policy expressed in the a musicians' trust fund as the price for modi- Sears, Roebuck case." fying the prohibition. The confusion over what the Supreme One of the most important patent cases in Court meant in the Scars and Compco deci- recent years, Graham v. John Decrc Co., 383 sions is nolvhere better illustrated than bv the U.S. 39, was decided by the Supreme Court protracted litigation involving Fellini's Nights on February 21, 1966, and promises to have of Cabiria, which produced another decision far-reaching effects on the entire field of in- durin~the year: Flamingo Telefilnz Sales, Inc. tellectual and industrial property in the v. United Artists Corp., 24 App. Dil.. 2d 953 United States. Perhaps of most immediate (First Dept. 1965). Here the New York interest to the copyright bar is the Court's ap- court granted relief against unauthorized use parent acceptance of the theory, originally of the film on television on the novel ground propounded by former Acting Register of of conversion of a particular 16mm print. Copyrights Richard C. De Wolf, that the There was, however a strong dissent by Justice patent-copyright clause of the Constitution is Stener, who argued that the case is basically a "balanced sentence," in effect giving Con- one of Federal copyright law. gress two separate powers: to promote the The first decision involving the current and progress of science (i.e., learning, knowledge) widespread practice of dubbing phonograph by securing for limited times to authors the records onto tape in cartridges for use in au- exclusive right to their writings, and to pro- tomobiles was handed down just before the mote the progress of useful arts by securing end of the fiscal year: Columbia Broadcclst- for limited times to inventors the exclusive ing System, Inc. v. Cartridge City, Ltd., 155 right to their discoveries. The Supreme N.Y. Law Journal 10 (N.Y. Sup. Ct., June Court, in quoting the "specific constitutional 29, 1966). The court granted a temporary provision" from which "the federal patent injunction against "the unauthorized dupli- power stems," omitted all reference to "sci- cation or dubbing of [plaintiffs] recordings on ence," "authors," and "writings," and in a tape cartridges and selling them," something footnote citing De Wolfs book stated: "The the defendants had already agreed to stop. provision appears in the Constitution spliced 122 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966

together with the copyright provision, which Berne Convention and should participate in we omit as not relevant here." the conference as more than an interested observer. The Register of Copyrights headed a United International Developments States observer delegation at a meeting in Geneva from July 5 through July 14, 1965, The adherences to the Universal Copyright of the Committee of Governmental Experts Convention of two countries, Malawi and Yu- To Prepare for the Diplomatic Conference goslavia, became effective during the fiscal of Stockholm in 1967. In addition to the year, and two more, Kenya and Venezuela, Register and Harvey J. Winter, Assistant deposited their instruments of ratification, Chief of the Business Practices Division of bringing the membership of the convention to the State Department, who acted as alternate a total of 54 countries. The adherence of chairman of the delegation, those present from Venezuela, which became effective on Sep- the United States included Herbert Fuchs, tember 30, 1966, marks the first copyright re- counsel to the House Judiciary Committee, lations ever established between the United Herman Finkelstein, general counsel of States and that countv. The United King- ASCAP, Sidney Schreiber, general counsel of dom declared that the Universal Copyright the Motion Picture Association, and Mrs. Convention applies to Bechuanaland, Mont- Kelsey M. Mott, legal adviser of the Copyright serrat, St. Lucia, Grenada, and the Cayman Office. Islands. A table appended to this report At an earlier preparatory meeting of a com- shows the status of copyright relations be- mittee of experts in 1963, the main attention tween other countries of the world and the was focused on proposed revisions in the Berne United States. Convention dealing with presumptions as to In recent years the program for general the authorship and ownership of motion pic- revision of the U.S. copyright law and the tures. Although this issue remained impor- preparations for revision of the International tant, controversy at the Geneva meeting cen- Convention for the Protection of Literary and tered on the special needs of developing coun- Artistic Works (the Berne Convention, last tries with respect to copyrighted works origi- revised at Brussels in 1948) have been moving nating abroad, the confrontation between the at about the same speed along their individual needs of these countries and their desire to roads. These roads now show indications join the Berne Union. A strong movement of converging in the near future. The al- developed in favor of including special pro- ready intense interest of foreign copyright es- visions in the convention to accomnlodate perts in our revision effort, and the growing these countries with respect to the length of discussions of the pros and cons of U.S. ad- the copyright ternl, translation rights, broad- herence to the Berne Convention, suggest the casting rights, and the use of copyrighted possibility that changes in both domestic law works for educational purposes. The com- and international relationships may bc at mittee approved some of these special provi- hand. It is too soon to predict the form these sions in principle, but its action was taken in changes will take, not only with respect to re- the face of a good deal of opposition and the visions in the Berne Convention itself but also basic issue seems likely to emerge as the most with respect to U.S. policy on adherence to a important problem at the Stockholm Confer- revised convention. However, it is evident ence. that the United States should prepare thor- The 8th session of the Intergovernmental oughly for the diplomatic conference to be Copyright Committee of the Universal Copy- held at Stockholm in June 1967 to revise the right Convention met in Paris from Novem- THE COPYRIGHT OFFICE 123 ber 15 through November 18, 1965, in con- tory of international copyright relations, and junction with the 12th session of the Perma- the United States will have an important role nent Committee of the International (Berne) in determining the future course of that Union. The Register attended as the U.S. history. Representative to the Intergovernmental Taking "United States Copyright Protec- Copyright Committee, with Harold H. Levin, tion and the Berne Convention" as his sub- Chief of the Business Practices Division of the ject, Professor George H. C. Bodenhausen, State Department, as his alternate; both the the Director of BIRPI, gave the Fourth An- Register and Mr. Levin attended the Perma- nual Jean Geiringer Memorial Lecture in nent Committee rneeting as observers. New York City on March 16,1966. Although Meeting jointly since the third session of he saw some technical differences between the the Intergovernxnental Copyright Committee two systems of protection, Professor Boden- in 1958, the two committees have been able to hausen felt that these obstacles could be over- discuss common problems and plan joint ac- come and concluded : tion. Insistence on publishing the reports of each committee separately after the 1965 If H.R. 4347 and the Stockholm revision of the meeting, however, appears to be symptomatic Berne Convention are both enacted the two systems of recent strained relations between the sec- will have approached each other so closely that, retariats of UNESCO(responsible for the Uni- assuming the U.S. is sufficiently interested in acced- ing to the Berne Convention, it would be unthink- versal Copyright Convention) and BIRPI (re- able that means could not be found to bring about sponsible for the Berne Convention), resulting this accession. . . . in part from the pressures generated by the basic problem of accommodating the conven- This is a challenge that the United States can- tions to meet the needs of newly independent not afford to ignore, and during the coming and developing nations. It is important for year efforts will be made to take advantage the United States and all the other countries of opportunities that may not soon come again. who are parties to either of the conventions Respectfully submitted. to work toward resolving any differences be- ABRAHAML. KAMINSTEIN tween the two organizations. Register of Copyrights Within the next fiscal year the world will have passed another turning point in the his- Novc?nber 16, 1966

International Copyright Relations of the United States as of December 31, 1966

This table shows the status of United States copyright relations with the 130 other independent countries of the world. The following code is used: UCC Party to the Universal Copyright Convention, as is the United States. BAC Party to the Buenos Aires Convention of 1910, as is the United States. Bilateral Bilateral copyright relations with the United States by virtue of a proclamation or treaty. Unclear Became independent since 1943. Has not established copyright relations with the United States, but may be honoring obligations incurred under former political status. None No copyright relations with the United States. Country Status of copyright Country Status of copyright relations relations

Afghanistan...... None. Greece...... UCC, Bilateral. Albania...... None. Guatemala...... UCC, BAC. Algeria...... Unclear. Guinea...... Unclear. Andorra...... UCC. Guyana...... Unclear. Argentina...... UCC, BAC, Bilateral. Haiti...... UCC, BAC. Australia...... Bilateral. Holy See (Vatican City). UCC. Austria...... UCC, Bilateral. Honduras...... BAC. Barbados...... Unclear. Hungary...... Bilateral. Belgium...... UCC, Bilateral. Iceland...... UCC. Bhutan...... None. India...... UCC, Bilateral. Bolivia...... BAC. Indonesia...... Unclear. Botswana...... Unclear. Iran...... None. Brazil...... UCC, BAC, Bilateral. Iraq...... None. Bulgaria...... None. Ireland...... UCC, Bilateral. Burma...... Unclear. Israel...... UCC, Bilateral. Burundi...... Unclear. Italy...... ,...... UCC, Bilateral. Cambodia...... UCC. Ivory Coast...... Unclear. Cameroon...... Unclear. Jamaica...... Unclear. Canada...... UCC, Bilateral. Japan...... UCC. Central African Unclear. Jordan...... Unclear. Republic. Kenya ...... UCC. Ceylon...... Unclear. Korea...... Unclear. Chad...... Unclear. Kuwait...... Unclear. Chile...... UCC, BAC, Bilateral. Laos...... UCC. China...... Bilateral. Lebanon ...... UCC. Colombia...... BAC. Lesotho...... Unclear. Congo (Brazzaville). .... Unclear. Liberia...... UCC. Congo (Kinshasa)...... Unclear. Libya...... Unclear. Costa Rica...... UCC, BAC, Bilateral. Liechtenstein...... UCC. Cuba...... UCC, Bilateral. Luxembourg...... UCC, Bilateral. Cyprus...... Unclear. Madagascar...... Unclear. Czechoslovakia...... UCC, Bilateral. Malawi...... UCC. Dahomey...... Unclear. Malaysia...... Unclear. Denmark...... UCC, Bilateral. Maldive Islands...... Unclear. Dominican Republic. ... BAC. Mali...... Unclear. Ecuador...... UCC, BAC. Malta...... Unclear. El Salvador...... Bilateral by virtue of Mauritania...... Unclear. Mexico City Conven- Mexico...... UCC, BAC, Bilateral. tion, 1902. Monaco...... UCC, Bilateral. Ethiopia...... None. Morocco...... Unclear. Finland...... UCC, Bilateral. Muscat and Oman. .... None. France...... UCC, Bilateral. Nepal...... None. Gabon...... Unclear. Netherlands...... Bilateral. Gambia...... Unclear. New Zealand...... UCC, Bilateral. Germany...... Bilateral; UCC with Nicaragua...... UCC, BAC. German Federal Niger...... Unclear. Republic. Nigeria...... UCC. Ghana...... UCC. Norway...... UCC, Bilateral. THE COPYRIGHT OFFICE 125

Country Status of copyright Country Status of copyright relations relations

Pakistan...... UCC. Switzerland...... UCC, Bilateral. Panama...... UCC, BAC. Syria...... Unclear. Paraguay...... UCC, BAC. Tanzania...... Unclear. Peru...... UCC, BAC. Thailand...... Bilateral. Philippines...... Bilateral; UCC status Togo...... Unclear. undetermined. Poland...... Bilateral. Trinidad and Tobago. .. Unclear. Portugal...... UCC, Bilateral. Tunisia...... Unclear. Rumania...... Bilateral. Turkey...... None. Rwanda...... Unclear. Uganda...... Unclear. San Marino...... None. United Arab Republic None. Saudi Arabia...... None. (Egypt). Senegal...... Unclear. United Kingdom...... UCC, Bilateral. Sierra Leone...... Unclear. Upper Volta...... Unclear. Singapore...... Unclear. Uruguay...... BAC. Somalia...... Unclear. Venezuela...... UCC. South Africa...... Bilateral. Vietnam...... Unclear. Soviet Union...... None. Western Samoa...... Unclear. Spain...... UCC, Bilateral. Yemen...... None. Sudan...... Unclear. Yugoslavia...... UCC. Sweden...... UCC, Bilateral. Zambia...... UCC.

Registrations by Subject Matter Classes for the Fiscal Years 1962-66

A Books (including pamphlets, leaflets, etc.)...... 66, 571 68,445 *71,618 *76,098 77,300 B Periodicals (issues)...... 67,523 69,682 *74,611 *78,307 77,963 (BB) Contributions to newspapers and periodicals. 2,993 2,535 2,529 2,095 1, 7 17 C Lectures, sermons, addresses...... 875 806 1,112 848 91 1 D Dramatic or dramatico-musical compositions...... 2,813 2, 730 3,039 3,343 3,215 E Musical compositions...... 67,612 72,583 75,256 80,881 76,805 F Maps...... 2,073 2,002 1,955 3,262 1,933 G Works of art, models, or designs...... 6,043 6,262 5,915 5,735 5,164 H Reproductions of works of art...... 3,726 4,003 4,045 3,241 2,595 I Drawings or plastic works of a scientific or technical character...... 1,014 780 893 1,239 867 J Photographs...... 562 725 995 860 677 K Prints and pictorial illustrations...... 2,889 2,594 3,325 2,927 3,081 (KK) Commercial prints and labels...... 7, 167 7,318 7,013 7,509 6,285 L Motion picture photoplays...... 2,686 3,207 3,018 2,536 1,983 M Motion pictures not photoplays...... 955 1,009 1,089 1,216 906 R Renewals of all classes...... 19,274 20,164 22,574 23,520 25,464 ----- Total...... 254,776 264,845 278,987 I293,617 I 286,866 *Adjusted figure. 126 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS. 1966 Sclledtrle of Copyrigllt Fees Before and After Cohright Law Was Amended. Effective November 26. 1965

Former fees New fees

Registrations: General fee ...... Commercial prints and labels ...... Renewals...... Certifications: Additional certificate ...... Other certifications ...... Recordation of documents: Basicfee ...... Each additional page over six and each title over one ...... Recordation of notice of use: Basicfee ...... Each additional title over five in a single notice ...... Recordation of notice of intention to use: Basic fee ...... None Each additional title over five in a single notice ...... None Searches: Hourlyfee ...... 3.00

Number of Articles Deposited During the fiscal Years 1962-66

Class Subject ~natterof copyright

Books (including pamphlets. leaflets. etc.)...... 131. 522 Periodicals...... 134. 928 I1 (BB) Contributions to newspapers and periodicals...... 2. 993 Lectures. sermons. addresses ...... 875 Dramatic or dramatico-musical compositions ... 3. 276 Musical compositions ...... 85. 325 Maps...... *4. 142 Works of art. models. or designs ...... 10. 534 Reproductions of works of art ...... 7. 423 Drawings or plastic works of a scientific or technical character ...... 1. 438 Photographs...... 957 Prints and pictorial illustrations ...... 5. 778 (KK) Commercial prints and labels ...... 14. 334 Motion picture photoplays ...... 5. 352 Motion pictures not photoplays ...... 1. 788

Total ...... *410. 665

*Adjusted figure. THE COPYRIGHT OFFICE 127

Number of Articles Transferred to Other Departments of the Librar? ...;ress* ...... Class Subject matter of articles transferred 1962 1963 / 19(i4 1965 1966 - .-..--

A Books (including pamphlets, leaflets, etc.)...... 57, 676 55, 742 56, 493 68, 218 68, 470 B Periodicals...... 1396 145, 519 151, 476 162, 194 164, 522 (BB) Contributions to newspapers and periodicals . 2, 993 2, 535 2, 529 2, 095 1, 71 7 C Lectures, sermons, addresses ...... 0 0 0 0 0 D Dramatic or dramatico-musical compositions ...... 125 316 351 356 816 E Musical compositions ...... 2 1, 729 20, 936 25, 132 25, 081 23, 847 F Maps ...... 4, 142 4, 004 3, 915 6, 523 3, 994 G Works of art, models, or designs ...... 3 1 63 204 204 177 H Reproductions of works of art ...... 2 434 729 296 545 I Drawings or plastic works of a scientific or technical character...... 8 0 0 0 142 J Photographs ...... 6 0 2 2 8 K Prints and pictorial illustrations ...... 6 1 109 150 8 1 257 (KK) Commercial prints and labels ...... 249 22 248 9 8 L Motion picture photoplays ...... 312 313 795 559 230 M Motion pictures not photoplays ...... 350 333 430 21 7 414 ----- Total ...... 227, 328 230, 326 242, 454 265, 835 265, 147

*Extra copies received with deposits and gift copies are included in these figures. This is the reason that in some categories the number of articles transferred exceeds the number of articles deposited. as shown in the preceding chart .

Statement of Gross Casll Rece$ts. Yearly Fees. Number of Registrations. etc., for the Fiscal Years 1962-66

Gross Yearly fees Number of Increase or Fiscal year 1 receipts 1 earned registrations decrease in 1 1 registrations

Total...... Summary of Copyright Business, Fiscal Tear 1966

Balance on hand July 1, 1965...... $318,343.42 Gross receipts July 1, 1965, to June 30, 1966...... 1,624,08 1.45

Total to be accounted for...... 1,942,424.87 Refunded...... $55,568.46 Checks returned unpaid...... 4, 069. 14 Deposited as earned fees...... 1,446,467. 52 Balance carried over July 1, 1966 : Fees earned in June 1966 but not deposited until July 1966...... $123,991.06 Unfinished business balance...... 107,97 1.80 Deposit accounts balance...... 202,031.98 Card service...... 2,324.91 436,3 19.75 1, 942,424. 87

Number of Fees earned i registrations I I 1 Commercial prints and labels at $6 each...... 6,285 $37,710.00 I Published domestic works at $4 each...... 82,545 330, 180.00 I

Published domestic works at $6 each...... 97,971 587,826.00 i g Published foreign works at $4 each...... 1,515 6,060.00 I i Published foreign works at $6 each...... 2,144 12,864.00 Unpublished works at $4 each...... 29,254 117,016.00 I Unpublished works at $6 each...... 3 1,376 188,256.00 1 I Renewalsat$2each...... 11,417 22,834.00 1

Renewalsat84each ...... 14,047 56,188.00 14

Total registrations for which fee paid...... 276,554 1,358,934.00 i Registrations made under provisions of law permitting registration without I, payment of fee for certain works of foreign origin...... 10,312 ...... I

I Total registrations...... 286,866 1,358,934.00 t I

Feesforrecordingassignments...... 40,559.00 ! 4 Fees for indexing transfers of proprietorship...... 18,382.50 I* Fees for recording notices of intention to use...... 87.00 'i Fees for recording notices of use...... I 16,957.00 i Fees for certified document...... 2, 793. 15 I Fees for searches made...... 22,772.00 1 i Cardservice ...... 9, 764. 47

Total fees exclusive of registrations ...... 11 1,3 1 5. 12

Total fees earned...... 1,470,249.12 Appendixes

Library of Congress Trust Fund Board

SUMMARY OF ANNUAL REPORT

Membership. Members of the Library of creased by a gift of $1,000 from Olin Dows Congress Trust Fund Board at the close of and his sisters, Margaret Thyberg and the year were : Deborah Thomas. Members of the family of the late Alfred Whital Stern added $1 1,- Henry H. Fowler, Secretary of the Treasury, 095.94 to the Alfred Whital Stern Memorial Chairman; L. Quincy Mumford, Librar- Fund. The major part of the last bequest of ian of Congress, Secretary; and Senator the late Gertrude Clarke Whittall, in the B. Everett Jordan, Chairman, Joint amount of $603,310.40, was received. As Committee on the Library, all es officio. specified by the donor, one-half of this sum Benjamin M. McKelway (appointed for a was added to the funds of the Gertrudc term ending March 8, 1968) ; and Mrs. Clarke Whittall Foundation for music anci Charles William Engelhard, Jr. (ap- one-half to the Gertrude Clarke Whittall pointed for a term ending March 8, Poetry and Literature Fund. 1970). The permanent loan fund deposited in the Meetings of the Board. The Board did Treasury amounted to $4,5 14,069.77 on June not meet in fiscal 1966. 30, 1965. It was increased to $5,130,476.11 Increase in Investmct2ts. A contribution by the above gifts totaling $616,406.34. With of $1,000 was received from Lewis Graham to the addition of the $20,000 in the Gertrude augment the endowment of the Friends of M. Hubbard bequest, the grand total of the Music in the Library of Congress. The trust funds on June 30, 1966, was Nicholas Longworth Foundation was in- $5,150,476.1 1.

Permanent Investment Total loan accounts 2 account

Unobligated funds carried forward from fiscal 1965...... $203,383. 92 $16, 166.32 $219,550.24 Income, fiscal 1966...... 193,653.52 18,283. 16 21 1,936.68

Available for obligation, fiscal 1966...... 397,037.44 34,449.48 431,486.92 Obligations, fiscal 1966...... 164,426.86 29,324.32 193,75 1.18

Carried forward to fiscal 1967...... 232,610.58 5,125.16 237,735.74

See appendix 11 for a detailed statement on the trust funds. Includes income and obligations, Gertrude M. Hubbard bequest. 132 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966

Activities Supported by Funds Held by the Several musical works were commissioned, Board. With the assistance of income from the original manuscripts of which will be gifts and bequests the Library of Congress con- added to the Library's collections. Concerts tinued activities that would not have been and literary programs were given in the possible otherwise. Prints, music scores and Coolidge Auditorium, and several concerts in recordings, and Hispanic materials were pur- other cities were supported. chased for addition to the Library's collec- Trust funds also made possible participa- tions. Cataloging assistance was provided to tion by representatives of the Library in the the Prints and Photographs Division, and re- First International Congress on Braille Print- search assistance and consultant services en- ing in the Spanish Language and attendance of Library officers at other professional con- abled the Hispanic Foundation to strengthen ferences. The backlog of braille transcribing its program. Materials in European archives work was reduced, and assistance by blind were esamined and documents relating to persons was provided in arranging braille America were microfilmed for the Library's music materials. collections. Chairs were maintained in Amer- Special equipment was purchased for the ican history, geography, music, and poetry in Music Division, the Hispanic Room, and the the English language. Library's program for the blind. Acquisitions and Acquisitions Work

1 I A. THE COLLECTIONS OF THE LIBRARY

Total pieces. Additions. MTith- Total pieces. June 30. 1966 drawals. June 30. 1965 1966 1966

Volumes and pamphlets ...... 13.453. 168 353. 251 39. 016 13.767. 403 Bound newspaper volumes ...... 149. 509 241 4. 029 145. 721 Newspapers on microfilm (reels) ...... 141. 771 13. 310 ...... 155. 081 Manuscripts (pieces) ...... 127.959. 731 252. 181 94. 030 28. 188217. Maps...... 2.886. 455 127. 974 11. 380 3.003. 049 Micro.opaques ...... 254. 606 24. 000 ...... 278. 606 Microfiche ...... 319 12. 019 ...... 12. 338 Microfilm (reels and strips) ...... 190. 136 33. 782 ...... 223. 918 Motion pictures (reels) ...... 82. 124 4. 000 ...... 86. 124 Music (volumes and pieces) ...... 3. 2 14. 974 32. 956 7 3.247. 923 Recordings Discs...... 156. 337 16. 143 ...... 172. 480 Tapes and wires ...... 8. 866 2. 455 ...... 11. 321 Books for the Blind Raised characters (volumes) ...... 903. 260 1.54. 669 ...... 1.037. 929 Talking books (containers)...... 888. 075 142. 744 ...... 1.030. 819 Books on magnetic tape ...... 8. 208 2. 000 ...... 10. 208 Prints and drawings (pieces) ...... 175. 604 950 30 176. 524 Photographic negatives. prints. and slides ...... 1.800. 808 2. 083 20. 177 1.782. 714 Posters...... 38. 118 370 250 38. 238 Other (broadsides. photocopies. nonpictorial material. photostats. etc.) ...... 998. 519 78 7. 665 990. 932

Total...... '53.310. 588 1.155. 206 176. 584 54.289. 210

1 Corrected figure . 134 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS. 1966 B. RECEIPTS BY SOURCE I Pieces. 1965 I Pieces. 1966 By purchase Funds appropriated to the Library of Congress SooksfortheBlind ...... Books for the Law Library ...... Books for the General Collectious ...... Copyrightoffice ...... Legislative Reference Service ...... Preservation of motion pictures ...... PublicLaw480 ......

Funds transferred from other Government agencies Aerospace Technology Division ...... Defense Research Division ...... Higher Education Act. Title 11-C ...... National Referral Center ...... Workingfunds ......

Gift Funds AtamianFund ...... BabineFund ...... Bennett Fund ...... CarnegieFund ...... Ed\vardsFund ...... Finlandia Fund ...... Forest Press Fund ...... Friends of Law Library ...... Heineman Foundation ...... HoughtonFund ...... HubbardFund ...... HuntingtonFund ...... Indic Cataloging Fund ...... JudaFoundation ...... LoebFund ...... Miller Fund ...... NBC Fund ...... PennellFund ...... Photoduplication revolving fund ...... Stern Fund ...... WhittallFoundation...... WilburFund ......

Total ...... APPENDIX 2

Pieces. 1965 Pieces. 1966

By virtue of law Books for the Blind ...... 23. 235 14. 197 Copyright ...... 470. 588 456. 798 Public Printer ...... 606. 078 775. 657

Total ...... I 1.099. 901 1 1.246. 652

By official donations Localagencies ...... 3. 571 2. 857 State agencies ...... 11 1. 455 1396 10. Federal agencies ...... 1 2. M.002 2.408. 894 Total ...... / 2.555. 028 1 2.522. 147 - . By exchange ...... ' Domestic exchange 24, 264 1 24. 625 Foreign governments (including international exchange) ...... 1 499. 670 i 473. 936 I Total ...... 1 523. 934 1 498. 561 By gift from individual and unofficial sources ...... 1 3.636. 539 1 2.472. 617 TOTALRECEIPTS ...... I 8. 695. 836 7. 650. 260

1 Adjusted to include Public Law 480 .

C. THE ORIENTAL COLLECTIONS

I Volumes

I Additions I Total contents. I 1965 1 1866 -1 J"l%6:09 Chinese and Korean ...... Hebraica ...... Japanese ...... Near East languages ...... South and Southeast Asia languages ......

Total ......

1 Excludes 1.036 bound newspaper volumes . D. ACQUISITIONS WORK, REFERENCE DEPARTMENT

1966

Lists and offers scanned...... Itemsearched ...... Recommendations made for acquisitions...... Itemsaccessioned ...... Itemsdisposedof ......

I 1

1 Change in statistical reporting.

E. ACQUISITIONS WORK, LAW LIBRARY

I 1965 1 1906 Listsand offersscanncd ...... Itemsearched ...... Recommendations made for acquisitions...... Item disposed of......

F. ACQUISITIONS WORK, PROCESSING DEPARTMENT

1 1965 / 1966

Order Division Evaluations...... Reference inquiries answered...... Order Section Titlessearched ...... Purchase requisitions acted upon...... Pieccsaccessioned...... Invoices Received ...... Cleared...... On hand at end of period...... -- Serial Record Division Serial parts processed 1 Pieces processed...... 1,745,256 1,754, 132 Volumes added to classified collections...... 18,494 20,792

Total ......

See footnotes nt end of tnble. APPENDIX 2

F. ACQUISITIONS WORK, PROCESSING DEPARTMENT-Continued

Reference inquiries handled Telephoneinquiries ...... 48,589 62,757 ...... Personal and written inquiries.. 1,427 1I 624 Total ...... 1 50,0161 63,381

New entries made ...... I 11, 190 12,936 Pieces awaiting disposition I First search...... I 193, 115 371,820 Furthersearch ...... 8, 148 6,630 Cataloging ...... 40,244 1 60,634 Total...... I 241,507 1 439,084 I Exchange and Gift Division 1 Incoming pieces...... I 7,907,709 / 6,834,971 Outgoing pieces 2 Exchange ...... Transfer ...... Donations to institutions...... Pulping ......

Total ......

Exchange Sections Correspondence...... 7,318 Requests sent (form letters)...... 19,601 Acknowledgments (form letters)...... 24, 644

Gift Section Correspondence...... 1,468 Requests sent (form letters)...... 14,705 Acknowledgments (form letters)...... 1 6,619 -- - Incoming pieces handled Gift Section...... 652,349 545,533 Manuscript Division...... I 2,984,190 1,927,084 Total ......

Monthly Checklist Section Items listed for publication...... Items requested...... Incoming pieces reviewed......

------I I Pieces transferred to other libraries and materials discarded immediately are included. 2 Duplicates, other materials not needed for the Library collections, and depository sets and cschangc copies of U.S. Government publications are included in this total. Cataloging and Maintenance of Catalogs

A. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGING

-- -- 1 1965 1966

PREPARATIONFOR THE COLLECTIONS

Preliminary cataloging Searching Titles received ...... 220,241 225,221 Titles forwarded...... 238,551 237,741

Titles awaiting searching General ...... 55,853 42, 163 Slavic ...... 4,238 7,563 Far Eastern languages...... 2,090 983 Gaelic, Greek, I-Iebrew, Turkish, Indonesian, South Asian, and Arabic ...... 6, 171 8,005

Total...... 68,352 1 58,714

Preparation of entries Entries prepared...... 119,992 116,732 Titles awaiting preliminary cataloging...... 14,263 11,676 - Titles cataloged Regular cataloging Descriptivc Cataloging Division...... 100,743 116,321 MapDivision ...... 1,041 1,522 - --- Total ...... 101,784) 117,843

Cooperativc titles adapted Descriptive Cataloging Division...... 3,387 3, 165 MapDivision ...... 5 3 ----- Total...... 3,392 1 3,168 - Brief cataloging (multilith cards) Descriptive Cataloging Division (Music Section)...... 4,787 3, 600 MapDivision ...... 1,282 1,827

Total...... 6,069 5,427 -- / I APPENDIX 3

A. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGING-Continued

1965 1966

Titles cataloged-Continued Form card cataloging (Descriptive Cataloging Division) ...... 3. 630 3. 441

Total new titles cataloged ...... 114. 875 129. 879

Titles in process Cataloged awaiting revision and/or review ...... 2. 359 1. 953 Awaiting cataloging ...... 1 150. 125 174. 733

MAINTENANCEOF CATALOGS Titles recataloged or revised Recataloged Descriptive Cataloging Division ...... 2. 591 2. 537 MapDivision ...... 96 44

Total ...... 2. 687 2. 581

Revised Descriptive Cataloging Division ...... 9. 197 12. 221 MapDivision ...... 22 49 Total ...... 0. 219 1 12. 270

Total titles recataloged and revised...... 11. 9061 14. 851

Titles recataloged awaiting revision ...... 217 346

FOR OTHERLIBRARIES Cooperative titles edited Regular ...... 3. 605 3. 327 Motion pictures ...... 2. 880 3. 003 Manuscripts ...... 1. 368 1. 511

Total...... 7. 853 1 7. 841

Titles awaiting editing ...... 83 1 423 Number of cooperative libraries supplying copy ...... 56 49

DEVELOP~~ENTOF CATALOG TOOLS Authority cards Entries established ...... 50. 070 58. 720 Entrieschanged ...... 7. 935 10. 074

1 Corrected figure . B. SUBJECT CATALOGING R6sumC of Activities

Subject cataloging Titles classified and subject headed 1 ...... 109. 803 Titles awaiting revision ...... 1. 486 Titles awaiting subject cataloging ...... 17. 200 Total pieces given form card cataloging...... 1. 136

Shelflisting Titles shelflisted. classified collections ...... 99. 076 Volumes shelflisted. classified collections ...... 142. 3 18 Other titles shelflisted...... 6. 178 Other volumes shelflisted ...... 10. 441 Titles awaiting shelflisting ...... : ...... 1. 853 Volumes awaiting shelflisting...... 4. 956

Labeling Volumes labeled ...... 374. 45 1 Volumes awaiting labeling ...... 8. 253

Recataloging or revising Titles recataloged ...... 4. 932 Titlesrcvised ...... 25. 918

Total titles recataloged or revised ...... 1 30. 8501 31. 546

Titles awaiting recataloging or review ...... 34

Reshelflisting Titles reshelflisted...... 6. 124 Volumes reshelflisted...... 10. 297 Titles awaiting reshelflisting or review ...... 2. 612 Volumes awaiting reshelflisting or rcvie\v ...... 1. 916

FOROTHER LIBRARIES Cooperative titles edited Regular ...... 3. 605 3. 327 Motionpictures ...... 2. 880 3. 003 Manuscripts ...... 1. 368 1. 511

Total ...... / 7. 853 1 7. 841 1 I

1 Includes titles classified as priority 4 . APPENDIX 3 141

B. SUBJECT CATALOGING-Continued

I 1965 1966

DEVELOPMENTOF CATALOGING TOOLS , SuQect headings Established...... 4,206 4,028 Canceledorchanged...... 214 3 14 Class numbers Established...... 2,218 2,233 Changed ...... 442 218

Approximate Number of Volumes in the Classified Collections '

Added, 1965 Added, 1966 Total Class volumcs, Junc 30, 1966 Titles Volumes Titles Volumes

A Polygraphy...... 818 3,577 1,784 6,047 262,454 1 B-BJ Philosophy...... 2,770 4,329 2,995 4,227 102,531 ! BL-BX Religion...... 3,016 4,851 3,363 4, 134 299,898 i C History, auxiliary sciences...... 980 1,736 1,058 2,602 115,748 i D History, except American...... 8,345 13,865 9,726 16,276 492,833 t E-F American history...... 3, 184 6,064 3,459 6,073 380,296 i G Geography- anthropology...... 2,385 4,215 2,872 4,918 152,662 H Social sciences...... 13,981 27,328 14,329 26,694 1,243,778 i J Political science...... 3,382 9,540 4,520 10,281 488,292 I L Education...... 2,792 4,739 2,834 4,892 267,416 1 M Music...... 8,412 16,194 8,590 16,185 353,713 N Fine arts...... 1,971 3,306 3,778 5,094 158,811 i P Language and literature...... 21,307 28,346 23,050 30,808 982,960 j QScience ...... 7,213 13,652 7,144 14,288 498, 115 i R Medicine...... 2,412 4,53 1 2,676 4,730 204,993 I S Agriculture...... 1,798 3,603 1,891 3,568 220,073 T Technology...... 8,702 17,367 9,135 17,693 580,661 I U Military science...... 71 1 1,886 902 1,941 110,473 i V Naval science...... 688 1,646 524 1,035 62, 122 Z Bibliography...... 2,058 6,411 3,327 7,591 291,574 1 Incunabula ...... 445 I Total...... 96,925 177, 186 107,957 189,077 7,269,848

1 1 Totals do not include, among others, the Law collections, part of the Orientalia collections, and materials given preliminary cataloging and a broad classification. ti 142 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 196 6

Number of Titles Classified by Decimal Classification Through Fiscal Year 1966

Aprill-June30,1930 ...... 3,917 1949...... 31,151 1931...... 31,285 1950...... 31,785 1932...... 33,829 1951 ...... 30,453 1933...... 33,251 1952...... 26,280 1934...... 42,314 1953...... 33,799 1935...... 34,709 1954...... 30,509 1936...... 34,267 1955...... 20,744 1937...... 33,371 1956...... 19,994 1938...... 34,060 1957...... 20,081 1939...... 27,436 1958...... 23,068 1940...... 28,977 1959...... 27,130 1941...... 27,939 1950...... 28,643 1942...... 32,512 1961...... 29,947 1943...... 27,594 1962...... 24,073 1944...... 34,328 1963...... 23,643 1945...... 32,020 1964...... 21,977 1946...... 32,292 1965...... 21,497 1947...... 30,184 1966...... 25,565 1948...... 30,499 Total...... 1,055, 123

Card Preparation Section ...... Cards in process, beginning of fiscal year. 43, 127 67,506

Cards prepared for filing Official Catalog...... Main Catalog...... Annex Catalog...... Music Catalog...... Law Library Catalogs. .. Process Information File. Other catalogs......

Total......

Correctionsmade ...... Cardscanceled ...... Cards in process, end of fiscal year...... See footnotes at end of table. APPENDIX 3 C. CATALOG MAINTENANCE-Continued

1965 1966

Filing Section Unfiled cards on hand. beginning of fiscal year ...... 74. 42 1 115. 871 Cards filed Official Catalog ...... 604. 875 696. 314 Main Catalog ...... 487. 243 569. 930 Annex Catalog ...... 441. 572 506. 169 Music Catalog ...... 92. 252 79. 101 Process Information File ...... 360. 686 425. 733 National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections ...... 4. 206 2. 691 Far Eastern Languages Catalog ...... 20. 131 22. 375 Catalog of Juvenile Books (LC Classification)...... 3. 373 2. 804 Annotated Catalog of Children's Books ...... 18. 824 Law Library Catalogs ...... 37. 150 45. 389

Total cards filed ...... 2.051. 488 2.369. 330 Unfiled cards on hand. end of fiscal year ...... 122. 453 .238. 768 Process information inquiries handled ...... 25. 618 30. 511

' Cards prepared for filing include all cards handled in the Card Preparation Section: main. subject. and added entries; printed. typed. and form cross-references; descripAiveYsubject. and series authority cards; revised reprints; corrected replacements; refiles; preliminary cards; unbound serials form cards . The Filing Section does not file all cards prepared by the Card Preparation Section . Corrected figure. Unfiled cards on hand are to be filed as follows: Official Catalog. 80. 709. Main Catalog. 60.585; Annes Catalog. 73. 699. Music Catalog. 7. 807. Law Library Catalogs. 15.968. Process Information File. 685. The unfiled cards are mainly subject and added entry cards .

Growth of Library of Congress Catalogs

Cards in cata- New cards Total cards. Catalog logs. June 30. added. June 30. 1 1965 / 1966 1 101:6

Main ...... Official ...... Annex ...... Music...... National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections ...... Far Eastern Languages Catalog ...... Catalog of Juvenile Books ...... Annotated Catalog of Children's Books ......

Total ...... D. GROWTH OF THE UNION CATALOG

Main entry cards Library of Congress printed cards ...... Cards contributed by other libraries ...... Cards typed for entries located through specific inquiry ...... Entries copied from regional union catalogs ...... Festschriften ...... Added-entry and cross-reference cards Library of Congress printed added entry cards for personal and corporate authors...... Library of Congress printed cross-reference cards ...... Cross reference cards made by division staff ...... Replacement cards Corrected and revised reprints for Library of Congress titles ...... Corrected and revised Library of Congress added-entry cards ...... Total cards received ...... 2.043. 745 1 2.527. 785

CARDS(PRE-1952 IA~PRINTS)FILED IN NATIONALUNION CATALOG

Cards filed in Catalog from Supplements ...... Cards removed as duplicates during filing ...... Total number of cards in Catalog ...... Cards filed in Supplements ...... Cards removed as duplicates from Supplements ...... Cards removed from Supplements for filing in Catalog ...... Total number of cards in Supplements ......

Slavic Union Catalog ...... Chinese Union Catalog ...... Hebraic Union Catalog ...... Japanese Union Catalog ...... National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections...... South Asian Union Catalog ...... Southeast Asian Union Catalog ...... Korean Union Catalog ...... Near East Union Catalog ......

Total cards in Auxiliary Catalogs ...... APPENDIX 3 145

D. GROWTH OF THE UNION CATALOG--Continued

1 1965 1 1966

SERVICES

Titlessearched ...... 35,013 40,937 Titlalocated ...... 28,563 33,283 Titlanot located ...... 6,450 7,654 I

E. PROCESSING ACTIVITIES OF THE REFERENCE DEPARTMENT

1965 1966

Items sorted or arranged...... 6,970,628 7,675,796 Items cataloged or recataloged...... 42,052 35,016 Entries prepared for other finding aids...... 20,106 46,115 Authorities established...... 2,412 1,877 Items or containers labeled, titled, captioned, or lettered...... 176,404 2 15,533

Volumes or items prepared for Binding...... 457,791 388,046 Microfilming...... 541,646 556,373 Lamination ...... 27,615 , 51,170 Repair ...... 23,020 17, 173

Cards arranged and filed...... 526,785 390,943

F. PROCESSING ACTIVITIES OF THE LAW LIBRARY

1965 1966

Items sorted or arranged...... 359,824 752,197 Itemsshelflisted ...... 22, 000 24,998 Entries prepared for various finding aids...... 12,927 97 1 Items or containers labeled...... 10,716 15,333 Items shelved...... 376, 143 539,074 Items prepared for binding...... 28,646 29,593 Cards arranged and filed...... 45,049 41,967 Binding

1965 1966 .. ..

Volumes bound Full binding Government Printing Office ...... 8, 722 8, 987 Commercial contract ...... 18, 312 21, 776 Newspaper binding (GPO) ...... 3 16 864 Economy binding (commercial contract) ...... 11. 251 13. 423 Quarter-binding (GPO) ...... 30. 462 20. 361

Totalnew binding ...... 69. 063 65. 411

Full rebinding Government Printing Office ...... 3. 574 1. 074 Commercial contract ...... 9. 974 5. 479 Economy rebinding (commercial contract) ...... 25. 026 22. 915

Totalrebinding ...... 38. 574 29. 468

Total volumes bound ...... 107. 637 94. 879

Pamphlets stitched in covers ...... 38. 623 40. 175 Rare books repaired. cleaned. and conditioned ...... 5. 576 5. 815 Other books repaired without rebinding ...... 8. 891 11. 025 Prints and fine arts items given preservative treatment ...... 43. 460 53. 280 Manuscripts restored and repaired ...... 76. 815 90. 209 Maps mounted. laminated. and conditioned ...... 46. 144 47. 159 APPENDIX5 Card Distribution

1965 1966 . .

Sales (regular) ...... $4.262.574.49 $4.776.259.66 Sales (to U.S. Government libraries) ...... 251.376.97 257.735.77 Salcs (to foreign libraries) ...... 150.863. 18 177. 186.44 -- Total gross sales before credits and adjustments ...... 4.664. 8 14.64 5. 2 1 1. 181 .87

Card sales (gross) ...... $3.703.565.96 $4y008.540.64 Technical publications ...... 0.00 50.966.34 Near-print publications ...... 2. 2 19. 07 2.491 .32 National Union Catalog. including Afotion Pictures and Filrnstr

Total...... 4.664.814.64 5.211. 181.87

Total gross sales before adjustments ...... $5.211. 181.87 Credit U.S. Govern- returns ment discount Adjustments Cards ...... $55.958. 13 $16.506.59 Publications...... 563.20 292.87 Subscriptions *tional Union Catalog ...... 4.760.50 3.927.09 National Union Catalog of A4anuscrifit Collections ...... 40.00 18. 19 Library of Congress Catalog-Books: Subjects...... 1. 385. 50 970.85 National Library of Medicine Catalog ...... 0.00 12.81 NewSerialTiflcs...... 1.212.50 1.233.41

Total ...... 63.919.83 22.961.81 .-85.881.64

p- Total net sales ...... 5. 124.300.23 B . ANALYSIS OF GROSS SALES BY CLASS

Rateper First Second Amount 1 card cards cards .

Class 1: Regular cards ...... SO . 15 687, 410 ...... $103y111.50 . 11 558. 545 ...... 61.439.95 .10 3.879. 590 ...... 387.959.00 .09 5. 492 ...... 494.28 .07 2.857. 175 ...... 200.002.25 .06 ...... 31.151. 656 1.869.099.36 .05 ...... 12. 662 633.10 .04 5. 875 ...... 235.00 .03 ...... 30. 681 920.43 .01 183. 520 ...... 1.835.20 Mailingcharges ...... 18.121.26

Total...... 8.177. 607 131.194. 999 1 2.643.851.33 Class 2: Annotated cards ...... $0.20 3. 5791...... I $715.80 Total...... 3. 579 1 ...... 1 715.80 Class 3: Series orders ...... SO .11 7 ...... SO .77 .10 83. 103 ...... 8.310 .30 .09 38. 541 ...... 3.468.69 .08 31. 001 ...... 2.480.08 .07 199 ...... 13.93 -06 ...... 657. 530 39. 45 1.80 .05 5 1 .30 .04 6 ...... 24 .03 18 43 1.83 Mailingcharges...... 487.46

Total...... -1528801 657. 574 54y215.40 Class 4: Subject orders ...... SO.10 80. 594 1 ...... 18.059.40 .08 1. 280 ...... 102.40 .07 63. 443 ...... 4.441.01 .06 41 36. 888 2.215.74 1 .05 547 38 29.25 .04 207. 460 ...... 8.298.40 .03 137. 510 10 4. 125. 60 .01 2. 042 ...... 20.42 Mailing charges ...... / ...... 209.45 I Total...... 492. 917 1 36. 936 1 27.501.67 I I APPENDIX 5 149 B. ANALYSIS OF GROSS SALES BY CLASS-Continued 150 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS. 1966 B. ANALYSIS OF GROSS SALES BY CLASS-Continued

Rate per First Second Amount 1 card cards cards

Class 22: Film cards ...... $0.15 15. 671 ...... $2.350.65 . 11 9. 614 ...... 1.057.54 . 10 17. 025 ...... 1,702.50 .07 10. 534 ...... 737.38 .06 1. 564 246. 893 14.907.42 .04 52. 380 ...... 2.095.20 .03 40. 501 ...... 1.215.03 .01 5. 504 ...... 55.04 Mailing charges ...... 186.60 ---- - Total...... 1 152. 793 1 246. 893 24,307.36 Class 23: Chinese. Japanese. and Korean cards ..... $0.04 245. 105 ...... $9.804.20 Mailingcharges 46.64 Total...... 1 245. 105 1 ...... 9.850.84 Class 24: National Library of Medicine cards ...... $0.02 1 68. 742 1 ...... $1.374.84 Mailingcharges ...... 28.08 Total ...... 1 68. 742 1 ...... 1.402 .92 Total first and second cards ...... I 11.768. 033 I 42.903. 491 I $3.651.552 . 11 Cards sold at minimum title charges ...... 105. 318 ...... $28.435.86 .22 408. 497 ...... 89.869.34

Total...... 513. 815 ...... 118.305.20 ----- 1 1 -I--- Wholesale cards ...... 8.028. 955 (1.605. 591 sets) $123.330.52 Mailingcharges ...... 1.633.87

Total ...... 8.028. 955 1 (1.605. 791 sets) 124.964.39 -- Total gross card sales (including mailing charges but excluding proofsheets) ...... 163.214. 294 $3.894.821.70 ---- Class 6: Proofsheets ...... 9.374. 753 $1 11.862.82 Mailingcharges ...... 1.856.12

Total 113.718.94 - TOTALmas. CARD SALES (including mailing I charges)...... $4.008.540.64 f Sales Mailing Amount charges

Class 32: National Union Catalog: All issues ...... $830.860.00 $608.50 8831.468.50 Class 33: Motion Pictures and Filmstrips. Music and Phonorecord~...... 6.765.25 57.70 6.822.95 Class 35: National Register of Microform Masters ...... 75.00 ...... 75.00 --- $838,366.45 Class 34: National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collec- tions ...... 8.130.00 ...... 8. 130. OC Class 40: Library of Congress Catalog-Books: Sub- jects ...... 145.729.00 57.00 ...... 145.786.00 Class 45: New Serial Tides: All issues ...... 148.738.75 135.00 148.873.75 Class 46: New Serial Titles- Classed Subject Arrange- ment ...... 6.225.00 ...... 6.225.00 -- 155,098.75 Class 92: Library of Congress ClassrjScalion- Additions and Changes ...... 4,400.50 ...... 4.400.50 Class 93 Subject Headings Used in the Dictionary Cata- logs of the Library oJ C0ngre.r.r...... 11.901.85 ...... 11.901.85 Class 94: Library of Congress Classification Scedules . 34. 663.99 ...... 34.663.99 Class 96: Nearprint publications ...... 2.491.32 ...... 2. 49 1. 32 Class 97: National Library of Medicine Catalog ...... 1. 778.50 23. 87 ...... 1.802.37

Total sales of technical publications ...... 1.202,641.23

TOTALCROSSSALES...... $5.211.181.87

Fiscal year Cards sold Gross revenue Net revenue . .

1957...... 26.953. 659 $1.146.782.99 $lY131.917.72 1958...... 28.351. 083 1.216.005.62 1.201.013.79 1959...... 30.093. 915 1.655.085.69 1.636.151.08 1960...... 32.057. 488 1.835.762.38 1.815.313.40 1961...... 35.678. 496 2.039.674.41 2.012.813.73 1962...... 42.386. 314 2.150.371.69 2.126.565.65 1963...... 46.022.022 2.455.058.64 2.422.692.83 1964...... 52.505. 637 3.117.322.47 3.076.082.56 1965...... 61.489. 201 3.703.565.96 3.652.483.51 1966...... 63.214. 294 4.008.540.64 3.936.075.92 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS. 1966

D. CARDS DISTRIBUTED

Cards sold ...... Cards supplied to other libraries: To depository libraries ...... For Library of Congress catalogs ...... To other divisions in the Library of Congress ...... To foreign institutions ...... :... To U.S. Government libraries ...... To cooperating libraries ...... To Members of Congress...... For spccial projects ...... To publishers, book donors, etc ...... To subscribers for revised series cards ...... For Card Division catalogs ...... Participants in PE-480 Program ......

Total ......

Total cards distributed ......

Cardsaddcdtostock ......

Cards received from the printer ...... E. PRINTING OF CATALOG CARDS

1965 1966 New titles printcd Regular ...... 87. 106 1803OG. Cross-references...... 31. 800 33. 918 U.S. Government libraries ...... 3. 195 1. 363 American libraries ...... 1. 582 1. 326 Film...... 3. 143 3. 018 Soundrecordings ...... 3. 330 2. 792 Far Easternlanguages ...... 6. 871 6. 826 Cards for children's literaturc ...... 0 4. 141 Cards for talking books ...... 784 879 Manuscript ...... 1. 777 2. 766 - Total ...... 139. 588 163. 832

Titles reprinted by lctterprcss Daily reprints ...... 16. 520 32. 064 Special reprints.'...... 5. 966 13. 182 Revisedreprints ...... 11. 956 10. 306 - Total ...... 34. 442 55. 552

Titles reprinted by offset ...... 755. 840 649. 086 Photoduplication

Library of Coflgress All other orders 1 Total orders -- 1965 1966 1965 1966 1965 1966 ------

Photostat exposures...... 7,596 7,982 32, 165 28,746 39,761 36,728 Electrostatic prints Catalog cards...... 41 9,152 793,630 76,866 107,182 496,018 900,812 Other material...... 824,456 1, 144,693 1,638,466 1,422,695 2,462,922 2,567,388 Negative microfilm exposures * Catalog cards...... 8, 167 198,328 122,564 11 1,562 130,731 309,890 Other material...... 70,671 34,216 7,223,067 7,931,801 7,293,738 7,966,017 Positive microfilm-in feet...... 2,496 4,380 3,752,493 3,616,066 3,754,989 3,620,446 Enlargement prints from microfilm...... 1,845 1,588 15,510 8,247 17,355 9,835 Photographic copy negatives. ... 1,597 1,429 9,634 6,141 11,231 7,570 Photographic contact prints.. ... 4,534 5,581 21,236 14,013 25,770 19,594 Photographic projection prints. . 1,937 2, 090 7,261 7,533 9,198 9,623 Photographic view negatives. ... 1,679 559 129 ...... 1,808 559 Lantern slides (including color). . 106 85 67 787 173 872 Black line and blueprints (in square feet)...... 812 1,052 19,863 7,922 20,675 8,974 Offset plates...... 67 74 ...... 67 74 Dry mounting and laminating. .. 1,600 1,585 800 2,100 1,817 232 1 - - Reader Services1

Bibliographies

Number Number of prepared entries ?

Reference Department Divisions General Reference and Bibliography...... Geography and Map...... : ..... Hispanic ...... Loan ...... Manuscript...... Music ...... Orientalia ...... Prints and Photographs...... RareBook ...... Science and Technology...... Serial...... Slavic and Central European...... StackandReader ......

Total ...... I I 177 1 59,877 1 Law Library ...... Law Library in the Capitol...... Processing Department......

See appendix 9 for complete statistics for the Division for the Blind, which are not included here. Also not included here are statistics for the Legislative Reference Service, which answered 11 7,062 inquiries in fiscal 1966. 'Includes entries for continuing bibliographies. All loans except those made by the Law Library in the Capitol are made by the Loan Division; figures for other divisions (shown in italics) represent materials selected for loan. 154 Circulation of volumes Direct reference services and other units

For use within Outside BY BY Total the Library loans person ' correspondence telephone 4 I In ---

' Figures in this column for years before 1964 are not completely comparable because of a revision and clarification of the definition. Adjusted figure. 6 Main Reading Room closed for renovation the entire year. APPENDIX8 Recording Laboratory

1965 1966

Receipts. obligations. and potential value Unobligated balance. beginning of fiscal year ...... $4.306.80 $5.758.72 Receipts...... 29.976.68 32.260. 12

Total available ...... 34.283.48 38.018.84 Obligations...... 28.524.76 30.431.48

Unobligated balance. end of fiscal year ...... 5.758.72 7.587.36 Accounts receivable ...... 1.497.96 3.367.32 Supplies on hand ...... 11.546.80 12.770.06 Supplies on order. end of fiscal year ...... 316.00 250.00

Potential value. end of fiscal year ...... $19. 119.48 $23.974.74

Production of recording 12 .. acetate discs ...... 0 7 5" tapes...... 0 2 7"tapes ...... 184 147 10'' tapes ...... 260 1. 148

Sale of pressings 10' . AFS discs at 78 rpm ...... 48 21 12" AFS discs at 78 rpm ...... 101 70 12" AFS discs at 33%rpm...... 2. 002 1. 771 12" poetry discs at 33% rpm ...... 972 864 APPENDIX9 Services to the Blind

NATIONALPROGRAM Talking-book machines Purchased ...... Repaired ...... Acquisition of books Talking-book titles ordered ...... Magnetic-rape titles received ...... Press-braille titles ordered ...... Press-braille musical scores and texts received ...... Handcopied-braille titles received ...... Handcopied-braille musical scores and texts received ...... Braille training Instruction in literary braille transcribing New students enrolled ...... Lessons and tests corrected ...... Certificatesawarded ...... Instruction in braille proofreading New students enrolled ...... Lessons and tests corrected ...... Certificatesawarded...... Circulation (all regional libraries) Talking-book containers ...... Magnetic-tapereels ...... Braille volumes ...... - Total circulation ...... Active readers Talking-book...... Magnetic-tape ...... Braille ......

REGIONALLIBRARYIN LIBRARYOF CONGRESS Circulation Talking-book containers ...... Magnetic-tapereels ...... Braillevolumes ...... Active readers Talking-book...... Magnetic-tape ...... Braille ......

- ..

1 Estimated figure . 157 Legislation

June 30, 1966.

Under this act funds were provided for the Library of Congress as follows: Salaries and expenses- Library of Congress...... 1 $1 1, 738,000 Copyright Office...... 2,021,000 Legislative Reference Service...... 2, 524, 000 Distribution of catalog cards...... 4,035,000 Books for the general collections...... 780,000 Books for the Law Library...... 125,000 Salaries and expenses, books for the blind...... 2,675,000 Organizing and microfilming the papers of the Presidents...... 112,800 Preservation of motion picturcs...... 50,000 Collection and distribution of library lnatcrials (special foreign currency program) for carrying out the provisions of section 104 (n) of the Agri- cultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954 (P. L. 83-480), as amended (7 U.S. C. 1704 (n)) U.S.currency ...... 150,900 U.S.-owned foreign currcncy ...... 1,694.000

Under this act funds were provided for the Architect of the Capitol to expend for the Library of Congress Buildings and Grounds as follows: Structural and mechanical care...... 879,000 Furniture and furnishings...... 274,000

Public Laru 89-142 extends to December 3 1, 1967, the duration of copyright protection in cases where the renewal term of copyright subsisting in any work expires before that date.

Public Law 89-260 authorizes the Architect of the Capitol to construct the third Library of Congress building in square 732 in the District of Columbia to be named the Library of Congress James Madison Memorial Building and to contain a Madison Memorial Hall. The amount of $75,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for this purpose.

- ' Tosether with $174,600 to be derived by transfer from the appropriation "Salaries and expenses National Science Foundation," of which $18,000 is to be retransferred to the Library of Congress appropriation "Distribution of catalog cards, salaries and expenses." 158 APPENDIX 10 159

Public Law 89-297 increases the fees payable to the Copyright Office.

Public Law 89-309 makes supplemental appropriations for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1966, and for other purposes. Under this act $500,000 was appropriated to the Architect of the Capitol for the purpose of providing preliminary plans and design for the Library of Congress James Madison Memorial Building.

Public Law 89-,729 (Higher Education Act of 1965) proposes to strengthen the educational resources of our colleges and universities and to provide financial assistance for students in postsecondary and higher education. This act authorizes the appropriation of $5,000,000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1966, $6,315,000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1967, and $7,770,000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1968, to enable the Commissioner of Education to transfer funds to the Librarian of Congress for the purpose of (1) acquiring, so far as possible, all library materials currently published throughout the world which are of value to scholarship; and (2) providing catalog information for these materials promptly after receipt and distributing bibliographic information by printing catalog cards and by other means, and enabling the Library of Congress to use for eschange and other purposes such of these materials as are not needed for its own collections. For the fiscal year ending June 30, 1969, and the succeeding fiscal year, there may be appropriated, to enable the Commissioner to transfer funds to the Librarian of Congress for such purpose, only such sums as the Congress may hereafter authorize by law.

Public Law 89-426 makes supplemental appropriations for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1966, and for other purposes.

Under this act funds were provided for the Library of Congress for increased pay costs as follows: Salaries and espenses- Library of Congress...... $256,700 Copyright Office...... 51,500 Legislative Reference Service...... 62,200 Distribution of catalog cards...... 65,300 Books for the blind...... 6,600 Collection and distribution of library materials (special foreign currency program) ...... 3,600

Also under this act $300,000 was appropriated to the Commissioner of Education for transfer to the Librarian of Congress for the acquisition and cataloging of library materials under Title 11-C of the Higher Education Act of 1965. APPENDIX11 Financial Statistics

Unobligated Appropriations Total avail- Obli atcd, Unobligated Unobligated balapces from or receipts, able for obli- 1866 balance not balance for- prior year 1966 gation, 1%6 available warded to 1967

Annual appropriations...... $505,160.60 $26.351.600.00 $26.856.760.60 $25,931,914.14 $27,281.55 $897,564.91 Transfers from other Govcrn- ment agencies...... 867,917.88 7,988,537.96 8,856,455.84 7,975,196.96 24,706.74 856,552.14 Gift and trust funds...... 1.21 1,249.81 2,029,126.90 3,240,376.71 2,054.982.03 ...... 1. 185,394.68

Totzl...... 2,584,328.29 36,369,264.86 38,953,593. 15 35,962,093.13 51,988.29 2,939,511.73

Unobligated Unobligated Current Total available Obligated. Unobligated balance Annual appropriations balance from appropr~at~ons for obligation 1966 balance not forwarded prior year available to 1967

Salaries and expenses, LibraryofCongrcss...... $11,994, 700.00 $11,994,700.00 $11,384,412.76 $10,287.24 ...... Salaries and expenses, Copyright Office...... 2,072,500.00 2,072,500.00 2,068,073.21 4.426.79 ...... Salaries and expenses, Legislative Refcr- ence Service...... 2,586,200.00 2,586,200.00 2,577,981.23 8,218.77 ...... Salaries and expenses, distribution of catalog cards...... 4,100,300.00 4,100,300.00 4,099,276.65 1,023.35 ...... Books for the general collections...... $26, 136.97 780,000.00 806, 136.97 795,668.35 ...... $10.468.62 Books foi the Law Library...... 27.198.40 125.000.00 152,198.40 128.728.84 ...... 23,469.56 Books for the blind...... 2,681,600.00 2,681,600.00 2,678,386.78 3,213.22 ...... Salaries and expenses, organizing and microfilming the papers of the Presi- dents ...... 20,468.96 112,800.00 133,268.96 110,954.53 ...... 22,314.43 Preservation of motion pictures...... 50,000.00 50.000.00 49,887.82 112.18 ...... Collection and distribution of library materials, special foreign currency program...... 421,331.59 1,848,500.00 2,269,831.59 1,428,543.97 ...... 841.287.62 Indexing and microfilming the Russian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church records in Alaska...... 10,024.68 ...... 10,024.68 10,000.00 ...... 24.68

p- Total annual appropriations...... 505, 160.60 26,351,600.00 26,856,760.60 25,931,914. 14 27.281.55 897,564.91 -- APPENDIX 11

TRANSFERS FROM OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCIES

- - Total balance forwarded obligation

Consolidated working funds General funds No year ...... 1966...... Trust fund, no year...... Special funds, no year...... Transfer appropriations No year...... 1%6......

Total transfers from other Govern- ment agencies...... I 867,917.88 I 7,988,537.96 I 8,856,455.84

SUMMARY-PERMANENT LOAN AND INVESTMENT ACCOUNTS (PRINCIPAL)'

-- - - Balan~e Added to Balance I frognor 1 prr~al, I forwarded to 1967

Hubbard account...... $20.000.00 ...... $20,000.00 Permanent loan account...... 4,514,069.77 $616,406.34 5,130,476.11

Total...... 4.531.069.77 616.406.34 5. 150,476.11

1 Docs not include investments valued at approximately $1,140,000 held by the Bank of New York under a provision made by the late Archer M. Huntington, from which the Library receives one-half of the income.

TRUST FUNDS

I i I I / Unobligated Cash in I Unobligated Income or 1 Total available balance permanent balance from receipts, 1966 1 for obligation Obligated, 1966 / forwarded I I to 1967

j 2 ao, ooo. oo 1 $3,311. 79

ti, 000. uu ! 1, 873. 36 j

I I Scc footl~otcs:lt cl~doE tnblc. GIFT AND TRUST ~ Fund and donor Purpose

-I

Payment of interest on permanent loan--Con.

Koussevitzky (Serge) Music Foundation in Furtherance of the art of music composition...... the Library of Congress, established by the Koussevitzky Music Foundation, Inc.

Longworth (Nicholas) Foundation in the Li- Furtherance of music...... brary of Congress, established by the friends I of the late Nicholas Longworth.

Millcr, Dayton C., bequest...... Benefit of the Dayton C. Miller Collection of Flutes. ...

National Library for the Blind, established Provision of reading matter for the blind and the employ- I by the National Library for the Blind, Inc. ment of blind persons to provide library services for the blind.

Pcnncll, Joseph, bcquest ...... Purchase of materials in the fine arts for the Pcnnell Collection.

Porter (Hcnry Kirke) Memorial Fund, estab- Maintenance of a consultantship or other appropriate lished by Annie-May Hegeman. purposes.

Kobcrts Fund, established under bequest of Benefit of the Library of Congress, its collections, and Margarct A. Robcr::,. its services.

Sonncck Memorial Fund, established by the Aid and advancement of musical research...... Bect hoven Association.

Stcrn (Alfred Whital) Memorial Fund, cstab- Maintenancc of and addition to the Alfred Whital lishcd by the family of the late Alfred Stern Collection of Lincolniana, including the publica- Whital Stcrn...... tion of guides and reproductions of parts of the collections.

Whittall, Gcrtrudc Clarke: Poetry and Literature Fund ...... Presentation of various kinds of litcraturc......

Poctry Fund ...... Devclopmcnt of the appreciation of poctry in this country.

Litcraturc Fund ...... Development of thc appreciation and understanding of good literature.

IYhittall (Gcrtrudc Clarkc) Foundation, es- Maintenance of collection of Stradivari instruments and tablished by Gcrtrudc Clarke Whittall. Tourte bows given by Mrs. Whittall, and presentation of programs in which those instruments are used. Sec footnotrs :it cr~tlof table. APPENDIX 11

FUNDS-Continued

I Unobligated Cash in Unobligated Income or Total available balance permanent balance from receipts, 1966 for obligation Obligated, 1966 forwardedto 1967 loan 1 prior year I I I- REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1 9 6 6

GIFT AND TRUST

Fund and donor Purpose

Payment of interest on permanent loan-Con. IVilbur, James B.: Donation...... Reproduction of manuscript source materials on American history in European archives.

Bequest...... Establishment of a chair of geography......

&quest ...... Preservation of source materials for .American history. ..

Total interest on permanent loan...... :......

Library of Congress trust fund, income from investment account: Huntington, Archer M.3...... Equipinent and maintenance of the Iiispanic Society Room, and maintenance of a chair of English-language poetry.

Sonneck Menlorial Fund, established by the .Aid and advancenlent of musical research...... Beethoven Association.

Stern (Alfred CVhital) Menlorial Fund, estab- Maintenance of and addition to the Alfred JYhital lished by the family of the late Alfred Whital Stern Collection of Lincolniana, including the publica- Stern. tion of guides and reproductions of parts of the collection.

Total income from investment account......

Library of Congress gift fund: :\merican Historical Association...... Support of the Conference on Latin American I-Iistory. .

Compilation of a union list of Latin .4inerican newspapers in selected U.S. repositories.

;\.tncricnn Library ;Issociation...... Preparation for publication of Books for College Libraries. .

.\rno and Bowker Coinpanies...... I Compilation and publication of New Serial Tifles...... I

:\tamian Meillorial Fund, established by David Acquisition of Armenian materials published anywhere ;\tarnian. in any language for the collections of the Library of Congress.

Bennett, Charles E...... Purchase of Hispanic documents......

Bollingen Foundation, Inc...... Extension of the recording program and strengthening of the Library's Poetry Archive. Scc footilotcs at crid of tnhlc. APPENDIX 11

FUNDS-Continued

Unobligated Cash in Unobligated Income or Total available balance pcrmancnt balance from receipts, 1966 for obligation Obligated, 196G forwarded loan ' prlor year to 1967 II------i I - - I $192,671. 36 936,3 10.37 $7, 706.86 I S44,O17.23 $8,427.07 $35,590. 16 8 1,85G. 92 10,559. 11 3, 274. 28 13,833.39 1, 582. 37 12,251.02

I 3 1,285.29 5, 115. 64 1, 251. 42 G,367.06 ...... 6, 367. 06 ------I - 5, 130, 476. 1 1 1 200,072. 13 1 192, 853.52 1 392, 925.65 1 161,858.64 1 231,067.01 ------

, ...... 16,006.64 18,283. 16 34,289.80 29,324.32 4, 965. 48

...... 84.68 ...... 84.68 ...... 84.68 I...... 75.00 ...... 75.00 ...... 75.00

I_ -- ...... I-- 16,166.321 18,283.16/- 34,449.448------~9,324.32/ 5,125.16

I ' ...... 11, 788. 11 5, 000. 00 13, 788. 11 9, 4 10. 43 4, 377. G8 I / ...... r 15,350.00 8, 438. 52 6, 911. 48 I I 15, 350. O0 ! ...... 3, 100. 00 3, 100.00 ...... 3, 100. 00

...... 50,000.00 50,000.00 9,527. 35 40,472. G5

...... 13.57 100.00 1 13. .57 11.08 102.49 ! ...... 1,316.58 ...... 1,316.58 ...... 1, 316. 58

...... 292.88 ...... 292.88 166.31 126. 57 GIFT AND TRUST

Fund and donor Purposc

Library of Congress gift fund--Continued Canadian Defence Research Board...... Toward preparation of the bibliography of aviation medicine. Carnegic Corporation of New York...... Production of phonograph records of American folklorc.. I Establishment of an African unit in thc Library of Congress.

I Micrcfilming of Chinese journals...... I I Symposium on American literature, to bc held in the Library of Congress.

Coolidge, Elizabeth Spraguc ...... Furthcrancc of musical research, composition, pcrform- ancc, and appreciation.

Council on Library Resources, Inc...... Planning the study of possibilities of mechanization in large research libraries. I Continuation of thc National Union Catalog of Manu- script Collections.

Establishment of the National Register of Microform Masters Office and publication of a first volume of information collectcd by it.

Support of the work of thc Federal Library Committee. .I I Foreign manuscript copying......

/ Pilot project for the distribution of cataloging informa- 1 tion in machine-rcadablc form.

Documents Expediting Project, various con- Distribution of documents to participating libraries. .... tributors. i Edwards (J.W.) Publishers, Inc...... Editing and preparation costs in conncction with publication of Library of Congress Catalog-Books: Subjecfs, I 1960-64. I Finlandia Foundation, Inc...... / Purchase of noncurrent materials in the Finnish field.. .-1

Sec footnotes ;kt clicl of table. 1 APPENDIX 11 169 ~ FUNDS-Cont inued Unobligated Cash in Unobligated Income or Total available balance permanent balance from receipts, 1966 for obligation Obligated, 1966 forwarded loan 1 prior year I to 1967 GIFT AND TRUST I I Fund and donor Purpose

Library of Congress gift fund--Continued Ford Foundation...... Development of further Latin American programs over a 3-year period, 1964-67.

Development of a coordinated program for microfilming foreign documentary material, over a 3-year period, 1955-58.

Preparation, publication, and distribution of an illus- strated catalog of the Library's American print collection, over a 2-year period, 1964-66.

Foreign Program, various contributors...... Support of the program for the purchase of material in foreign countries under P.L. 480: Fiscal year 1962 ...... Fiscal year 1965 ...... Fiscal year 1966...... Support of the program for cataloging material purchased under P.L. 480: In United Arab Republic...... i In IndialPakistan...... In Indonesia...... In Israel ......

Forest Press, Inc ...... Toward the cost of a 4-year project to edit the 17th I edition of the Dewey Dtcimal Classifcation. I

Toward the cost of a 5-year project to edit the 18th edition of the Dewy Decimal Classification.

Friends of the Law Library of Congress. 1 For use in the purchase of the 1557 edition of Notura j ! Brevium.

Friends of Music, various donors ...... I Furtherance of music ......

Heineman Foundation ...... Purchase of Library material of special interest to the ; hliusic Division i I I Houghton, Arthur A., Jr ...... Purchase of rare books ...... ,

I Knight, John ...... Furtherance of the Library's ~rogramfor the blind...... APPENDIX 11 171

FUNDS-Con tinued

Unobligated Cash in Unobligated Income or Total available balance permanent balance from receipts, 1966 for obligation Obligated, 1966 forwarded loan 1 prior year ! to 1967 I ...... $43,752.23 ...... 1 943,752.23 1 $37,277.92 $6,474.3 1 ...... 268.97 ...... 268.97 ...... 268.97 i i i ...... 5,000.00 ...... 1 5,000.00 ...... 5, 000. 00

I ...... I 4,363. 18 '...... 4,363. 18 ...... I i.. , 4,363.18 / ...... I 30, 150.00 61,000. 00 31, 150.00 31,150.00 ...... 500.00 33' 7M O0 34,200.00 ...... 34,200.00 I I I GIFT AND TRUST I I

Fund and donor Purpose

Library of Congress gift fund--Continued Lindberg Foundation ...... Purchase of maps...... Loeffler, Elise Fay, bequest...... I Purchase of music ...... Louchheim (Katie and Walter) Fund...... Distribution of tape recordings of concerts to broadcasting stations.

Luce, Clare Boothe ...... Furtherance of the work of organizing the collection of her personal papers in the Library of Congress.

Luce, Henry R ...... Furtherance of the work of organizing the Clare Boothe Luce papers in the Library of Congress.

Mearns, David Chambers ...... Purchase of manuscripts for addition to the Archibald MacLeish papers.

National Broadcasting Company ...... Prints and Photographs Division......

Naval Historical Foundation ...... Processing the Naval Historical Foundation deposit in the Library of Congress.

Oberlaender Trust...... Foreign consultant program in Germany and other German-speaking countries.

Pittsburgh, University of ...... For any purpose at the discretion of the Librarian. ....

Program for the Blind, various donors...... I Furtherance of the Library's program for the blind. ....I Publications, various donors...... Toward expenses of publications......

Rockefeller Foundation ...... Establishment of a microfilming laboratory in New Delhi, India.

Rowman & Littlefield, Inc...... Toward publication of the quinquennial edition of the National Union Catalog, 1958-62.

Toward publication of the National Library of Medicine Catalog.

Shoe String Press, Inc...... Toward publication of the National Union Catalog of Manuscrifit Collections, 1962. See footiiotes at end of table. APPENDIX 11

FUNDS-Continued GIFT AND TRUST

Fund and donor Purpose

Library of Congress gift fund-Continued Social Science Research Council...... Arrangement of the collection of Chinese provincial newspapers in the Library of Congress.

For a meeting to organize a professional association of Latin Americanists.

Sonneck, Oscar G., bequest...... Furchase of an original musical manuscript or manuscripts. Stern, Alfred Whital: Donations and bequest...... Purchase of material for the Alfred Whital Stern Collec- tion of Lincolniana.

Surplus Book Disposal Project, various donors. . Toward expenses of the project......

Sobiloff, Hyman J ...... Various poetry projects......

Development of better understanding of and access to pictures.

Union List of Serials, Inc., Joint Committee Preparation for publication of the 3d edition of the on the. Union List of Serials.

University Microfilms, Inc...... Preparation of author and subject indexes for each issue and the annual cumulation of Di~~crtationAbstracts.

Whittall, Gertrude Clarke...... Entertainment of literary visitors to the Library of Congress.

Total, Library of Congress gift fund...... I...... 1

Service fees

Photoduplication Service......

Recording laboratory, Music Division...... ' ...... i Verner W. Clapp publication fund...... I '

Hispanic Foundation publication fund..

Conversion of motion-picture film to a safety I...... base. 1 See footiiotes at end of table. APPENDIX 11

FUNDS-Continued

Unobligated Cash in Unobligated Income or Total available balance permanent balance from receipts, 1966 for obligation Obligated, 1966 forwarded loan 1 prior year to 1967

...... 84,465.83 ...... 84,465.83 83,438.68 81,027.15

...... $15,000.00 15, 000. 00 11,789.71 3, 210. 29

...... 4, 156.91 ...... 4, 156. 91 200.00 3, 956. 91

...... 6,451.69 ...... 3, 539. 87 2, 91 1. 82 6,451-69 I ...... 443.58 4, 001.47 4y 445 O5 3, 558. 54 886.51

I ...... 10,000. 00 10,000.00 I...... 10,000.00

...... 40.24 ...... 40.24 40.24 ......

...... 2, 784. 15 831. 78 3, 615. 93 3,615.93 ......

...... 10, 116.38 21,200.00 31,316.38 20, 100.35 1, 1216.03

...... 4, 74 1. 74 50. 00 4, 791. 74 914.62 3, 877. 12 - ...... 425, 132.59 799,058.58 1,224, 191. 17 7 15,556.93 508,634.24

...... 543,333.66 958,234. 1 1 1,501,567. 77 1,098,656.80 402,910.97

...... 5, 758. 72 32,259. 12 38,017.84 30,426.65 7, 591. 19

...... 3, 199. 45 584.50 3, 783.95 ...... 3, 783. 95

...... 5,000.00 ...... 5, 000. 00 5,000.00 ......

...... 25, 196. 19 25, 196. 19 8,839. 42 16,356. 77 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1 9 6 6

GIFT AND TRUST

Fund and donor Purpose

Service Fees--Continued Sale of: Thc Stradiuari Memorial......

Fiordi Virtu......

Christmascards ......

Facsimile edition of the Lincoln-Douglas ...... debates scrapbook.

Alfred Whital Stern catalog of Lincolniana...... ------Totalservicefees......

GRANDTOTAL,GIFTANDTRUSTFUNDS......

1 Authorized under Public Law 541, 68th Congress, Mar. 3, 1925, as amended "An Act to create a Library of Congress Trust Fund Board and for other purposes." 2 Bequest of Gertrude M. Hubbard in the amount of $20,000 accepted by an act of Congress (Public Law 276, 62d Congress, approved Aug. 20, 1912) and deposited with the U.S. Treasury, from which the Library of Congress receives an annual income of $800. FUNDS-Continued

Unobligated Cash in Unobligated Income or Total available balance permanent balance from receipts, 1966 for obligation Obligated, 1966 forwarded loan 1 prior year to 1967

...... $647.16 ...... $647.16 ...... $647. 16

...... 685.05 $35. 75 720.80 ...... 720.80

...... 5, 960. 19 1, 560. 97 7, 521. 16 $2,75 1.05 4, 770. 11

...... 810.00 120.00 930.00 ...... 930.00

...... 1, 172. 75 141.00 1,313. 75 ...... 1, 313. 75 - ...... 566,566.98 1,018,131.641 1,584,698.62 1,145,673.92 439,024.70 ------5,150,476.11 1,211,249.81 2,029,126.901 3,240,376.71 2,054,982.03 1,185,394.68 -- -- -1 .- Investments held by the Bank of New York valued at approximately $1,140,000: half of the income accrues to the Library of Congress. 4 Includes the principal of the I-Iubbard Account. Employment

Employed on June 30-

.. SaIaries and Espenscs. Library of Congress I Office of the Librarian. including Audit. Classification. Exhibits. Information. Information Systcms. Personnel. and Publications Offices ...... Administrative Department ...... Law Library ...... Processing Department ...... Refercncc Department ......

Total appropriated under salaries and expenses. Library of Congress .

Books for the blind ...... Copyright Office ...... Distribution of catalog cards ...... Legislative Reference Service ...... Organizing and microfilming the papers of the Presidents ...... Prcscrvation of motion pictures ...... Special forcign currency program (P.L. 480) ......

Total appropriated funds ...... Transfcrrcd and working funds ...... Gift and trust funds ...... Exhibits

NEW MAJOR EXHIBITS CONTINUING MAJOR EXHIBITS Fifty Books of the Year 1964. Volumes se- Treasures of Early Printing. lected by the American Institute of Graphic White House News Photographers' Associa- Arts for thcir escellence of typography, de- tion 22d Annual Exhibit. Closed Septem- sign, and manufacture. August 20 to ber 6, 1965. September 26, 1965. Centennial of Nevada's Statehood. Closed First Ladies and Hostesses of the White House. January 18, 1966. Lithographic, engraved, and photographic portraits of the Presidents' wives and other Author, Artist, and Publisher: The Creation official hostesses of the White House. No- of Notable Books. Closed April 11, 1966. vember 15, 1965, to February 14, 1966. Indiana: The Sesquicentennial of Statehood. PERMANENT EXHIBITS Books, manuscripts, maps, broadsides, The Gutenberg Bible and the Giant Bible of prints, political cartoons, and photographs Mainz. illustrating the history and development of The Gettysbur,~Address. First and second the State. Opened January 23, 1966. drafts. DOrothea The draft of the Declaration of Independence of migrant farm workers and of small-town wvritten by Thomas Jefferson, with changes or rural people in all walks of life, taken in by Benjamin Franklin and John Adams. the 1930's by Miss Lange for the Farm Security Administration. March 7 to April The Bill of Rights. One of the original 11, 1966. engrossed and certified copies. Fables E'rt~ln Incunabula to Modern Picture The Virginia Bill of Rights. Autograph draft Books. Nearly 100 rare and unusual edi- by George h4ason and Thomas Ludwell Lee. tions of children's fables, many illustrated. The Magna Carta. Facsimile of the Lacock Opened April 17, 1966. Abbey version. White House Newvs Photographers' Associa- Manuscripts and other materials associated tion 23d Annual Exhibit. Outstanding with George Washington, Thomas Jeffer- news photographs of 1965. Opened April son, Abraham Lincoln, Theodore Roosevelt, 19, 1966. and Woodrow Wilson. The 20th National Exhibition of Prints. Sev- Letter of January 26, 1863, from Abraham enty-two serigraphs, lithographs, etchings, Lincoln to Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker. and other fine prints by contemporary print- Instruments from the Dayton C. Miller Flute makers. Opened April 30, 1966. Collection. Itecent Acquisitions. A selection of maps, nus sic, manuscripts, prints, rare books, and SHO\4'CASE EXHIBITS other materials added to the Library's col- 75th Anniversary of the Pan American Union. lections since January 1965. Opened May Books, manuscripts, photographs, and other 13, 1966. materials relating to its establishment in 179 180 ;, REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966 1890 and the construction of its headquar- Francis Bowes Sayre. Papers relating to his ters in 1908-10. Closed September 30, career in the U.S. Government and the 1965. United Nations. August 2 to September Bicentennial of the Birth of Robert Fulton 30, 1965. (1765-1815). November 1, 1965, to April Edward W. Bok. Papers, including holograph 13, 1966. , sheets of his autobiography and sohe of his Centennial of' the Birth of Anne, Sullivan correspondence with U.S. Presidents. Oc- ( 1866-1936). Opened April 14, 1966. tober 1 to November 30, 1965. The Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Con- SPECIAL EXHIBITS stitution. An engrossed and signed copy, In Memoriam: Adlai E. Stevenson, 1900- shown with related manuscripts, to com- 1965. Manuscripts, photographs, drawings, memorate its ratification. December 6, books, and pamphlets relating to the late 1965, to January 31, 1966. Ambassador to the United Nations. July 23 The Tristram Legend. A rare vellum frag- to October 31, 1965. ment of a late 15th-century Icelandic ver- Officers of the Army and Navy from Rhode sion of the legend. February 1 to March Island. Prints, photographs, and books. 31, 1966. May 2 to May 3 1,1966. John Callan O'Laughlin ( 1873-1949). Cor- Finnish Children's Books. About 25 illus- respondence, featuring letters from Theo- trated volumes from some 100 children's dore Roosevelt, Herbert Hoover, John J. books given to the Library by the Finnish Pershing, and Douglas MacArthur. April Publishers Association. May 3 1 to June 30, 1 to May 31, 1966. 1966. Charlotte Cushman ( 1816-76) . Papers com- DIVISIONAL EXHIBITS memorating the 150th anniversary of her birth. Opened June 1, 1966.

The First Decade of the Universal Copyright Convention, 1955-65. Materials relating to Customs of the Peoples of Southeast Asia. its origin and development. Closed Novem- July 1 to August 31, 1965. ber 30, 1965. Istanbul, Old and New. September 1 to Oc- Copyright in Congress. Revision of the Copy- tober 3 1, 1965. right Law since 1909, including the pending Use of Leisure in Japan. November 1 to bill. Opened January 10, 1966. December 3 1, 1965. Hindu Forms of Worship. January 3 to Feb- ruary 28, 1966. AndrEs Bello ( 1781-1865) . Works of the outstanding Latin American educator, philol- Chinese Festivals. March 1 to April 30, 1966. ogist, jurist, poet, and political figure. From an Antique Land. Ancient and modern Opened November 1, 1965. travel accounts by pilgrims to the Holy Land. May 3 to June 30, 1966.

William E. Borah.' Papers commemorating the 100th anniversary of his birth. Closed Dante Alighieri : 1265-1965. Closed Novem- July 31, 1965. ber 30, 1965. APPENDIX 13

Rudyard Kipling. Manuscripts, autograph American Art Nouveau Posters. Shown in letters, and many first editions, commemo- Mobile, Ala., Long Beach, Calif., Gaines- rating the centennial of his birth. Decem- ville, Fla., and Monroe, N.Y. ber 1, 1965, to June 20, 1966. The American Flag. Shown in Danbury, Poland's Millennium. Rare books, manu- Conn., Topeka, Kans., Ann Arbor, Mich., scripts, maps, and pictorial materials in ob- Monroe, N.Y., Oklahoma City, Okla., servance of the 1,000th anniversary of the Johnson City, Tenn., and Racine, Wis. acceptance of Christianity by Poland. Be My Guest. Shown in Danbury, Conn., Prepared by the Slavic and Central Euro- Columbus, Ga., Notre Dame, Ind., Newark, pean Division. Opened June 27, 1966. N.J., and Pottstown, Pa. SPECIAL EXHIBITS OUTSIDE THE Fifty Years of American Prints. Shown in LIBRARY OF CONGRESS Danbury and Storrs, Conn., Mason City, Iowa, Topeka, Kans., Hagerstown, Md., Exhibit in connection with the 84th annual and Kansas City, Mo. conference of the American Library Associ- ation, Detroit, Mich., July 2-9, 1965. In Memoriam-John Fitzgerald Kennedy. Shown by the U.S. Information Agency in Exhibit in connection with the 80th meeting Colombo, Ceylon; New Delhi, India; Tel- of the American Historical Association, San Aviv, Israel ; Amman, Jordan; and Beirut, Francisco, Calif., December 28-30, 1965. Lebanon. Exhibit in connection with the annual meet- Mirror of the Artist. Shown in Oswego, ing of the Council for Exceptional Children, N.Y., and Marietta, Ohio. Toronto, Ontario, Canada, April 17-24, The Photographer and the City. Circulated 1966. by the American Federation of Arts and Exhibit in connection with the 59th meeting shown in San Francisco, Calif., Boston, of the Organization of American Historians, Mass., Kalamazoo, Mich., Elmira and Cincinnati, Ohio, April 27-30, 1966. Geneseo, N.Y., Columbus, Ohio, and St. Catherine, Ontario. TRAVELING EXHIBITS World Fairs. Shown in Los .Angeles and San Unless otherwise noted these were circu- Francisco, Calif ., Boulder, Colo., Corning, lated by the Smithsonian Institution Traveling N.Y., Columbus, Ohio, and Winnipeg, Exhibition Service. Manitoba. Library of Congress Publications1

Aerospace Medicine and Biology; an Anno- Bibliographical Procedures €3 Style; a Manual tated Bibliography. Available from Clearing- for Bibliographers in the Library of Congress. house for Federal Scientific and Technical In- By Blanche Prichard McCrum and Helen formation, U.S. Department of Commerce, Duden bostel Jones. 1954, reprinted with list Springfield, Va., 22 151. of abbreviations, 1966. 133 p. Paper. 75 VoI. 7-10. 1958-61 literature. 821 p. in 2 cents. parts. Paper. $5.25 each part. Cumula- Calendar of Events in the Library of Congress. tive Indexes for Volumes 1-10, 1952-61. Montlrly. 8 p. Paper. Free. 184 p. Paper. $2.25. 12 issues, July 1965-June 1966. 1965-66. Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Catalog of Copyright Entries. Third Series. for the Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1965. For the complete catalog $20 a year, $25.75 1966. 177 p. Cloth, $2.25; free to libraries. foreign; prices for individual parts are given Paper, free. below. Beginning with vol. 20 (1966 en- Annual Report of the Register of Copyrights tries), the complete catalog will be $50 a for the Fis.ca1 Year Ending June 30,1965. 27 volume domestic, and prices for individual p. Paper. Free. parts will increase accordingly. Antarctic Bibliography. Irregular. Edited Part 1. Books and Pamphlets, Including by George Doumani. Serials and Contributions to Periodicals. Vol. 1. 1965. 506 p. $4.25. $2.50 a copy. $5 a year, $6.25 foreign. Arms Control €3 Disarmament; a Quarterly Vol. 17, no. 2. July-December 1963. Bibliography With Abstracts and Annotations. 1966. 1,248 p. Paper. 75 cents a copy. $2.50 a year; $3.25 Part 2. Periodicals. $1 a copy. $2 a year, foreign. $2.50 foreign. 4 issues, summer 1965-spring 1966. Paper. Vol. 17, no. 2. July-December 1963. 1965-66. 1965. 251 p. Parts 3-4. Dramas and Works Prepared for ' This is a list of publications issued during the Oral Delivery. $1 a copy. $2 a year, fiscal year. For a full list of publications see Library $2.50 foreign. of Congress Publications in Print March 1966. Priced publications, unless otherwise indicated, are Vol. 18, no. 2. July-December 1964. for sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. 1965. 98 p. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. Vol. 19, no. 1. January-June 1965. 20402. When Card Division is indicated, orders 1966. 87 p. should be addressed: Card Division, ~ibraryof part 6. ~~p~ and Atlases. 50 cents a copy. Congress, Building 159, Navy Yard Annex, Wash- $1 a year, $1.25 foreign. ington, D.C. 20541. Free publications should be requested from the Office of the Secretary, Library Vol. 18, no. 2. July-December 1964. of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540. 1965. 133~. APPENDIX 14

Vol. 19, no. 1. January-June 1965. PJ-PM. Languages and Literatures of 1966. 151p. Asia, Africa, Oceania, America, Mixed Part 11B. Commercial Prints and Labels. Languages, Artificial Languages. 1935, $1 a copy. $2 a year, $2.50 foreign. reprinted with supplementary pages, 1965. 249, 191 p. Paper. Card Di- Vol. 18, no. 2. July-December 1964. vision, $3.25. 1965. 67 p. Vol. 19, no. 1. January-June 1965. P-PM. Supplement. Index to Lan- 1966. 73 p. guages and Dialects. 2d ed. 1957, reprinted with supplementary pages, 1965. Parts 12-13. Motion Pictures and Film- 71, 5 p. Paper. Card Division, 90 strips. 50 cents a copy. $1 a year, $1.25 cents. foreign. Italian, Spanish, and Por- Vol. 18, no. 2. July-December 1964. PQ, part 2. tuguese Literatures. 1937, reprinted 1965. Vol. 19, no. 1. January-June 1965. with supplementary pages, 1965. 223, 29 p. Paper. Card Division, $2. 1966. Catalog of the 20th National Exhibition of PT, Part 1. German Literature. 1938, Prints Held at the Library of Congress May 1 reprinted with supplementary pages, Through September 18, 1966. 1966. 15 p. 1966. 3 12, 17 p. Paper. Card Division, Free. $2.35. Cataloging Service. Bulletin. Irregular. PT, part 2. Dutch and Scandinavian Free to subscribers to the Card Distribution Literatures. 1942, reprinted with supple- Service. mentary pages, 1965. 102,27 p. Paper. Card Division, $2. Children's Books, 1965; a List of Books for Class S. Agriculture, Plant and Animal Preschool Through Junior High School Age. Industry, Fish Culture and Fisheries, Compiled by Virginia Haviland and Lois B. Hunting Sports. 3d ed. 1948, reprinted Watt. 1966. 16 p. Paper. 15 cents. with supplementary pages, 1965. 101, 63 Classification Schedules: p. Paper. Card Division, $1.25. Class D. History: General and Old World. Class V. Naval Science. 2d ed. 1953, re- 2d ed. 1959, reprinted with supplemen- printed with supplementary pages, 1966. tary pages, 1966. 747,55 p. Paper. Card 115, 39 p. Paper. Card Division, $1.50. Division, $4.25. Class Z. Bibliography and Library Science. Class E-F. History: America. 3d ed. 4th ed. 1959, reprinted with supplemen- 1958, reprinted with supplementary pages, 1965. 607, 23 p. Paper. Card Division, tary pages, 1965. 226,61 p. Paper. Card $3.50. Division, $2.25. Class J. Political Science. 2d ed. 1924, Dante Alighieri; Three Lectures. By J. Ches- reprinted with supplementary pages, 1966. ley Mathews, Frances Fergusson, and John 434, 161 p. Paper. Card Division, $4. Ciardi. 1965. 53 p. Paper. 25 cents. Class P. Philology and Literature. Decisions of tlze United States Courts Involv- PB-PH. Modern European Languages. ing Copyriglrt, 1963-1964. Compiled and 1933, reprinted with supplementary edited by Benjamin \V. Rudd. 1965. 616 p. pages, 1966. 226, 51 p. Paper. Card (Copyright Office Bulletin No. 34.) Paper. Division, $2.50. $2.75. 184 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966

Dewey Decimal Classification and Relative Latin America in Soviet Writings; a Bibliog- Index. 9th abridged ed. 1965.594 p. Avail- raphy. Vol. 2. 1959-1964. Compiled by able from Forest Press, Inc., Lake Placid Club, Leo Okinshevich; edited by Robert G. Carl- N.Y. 12948, and from the H. W. Wilson Co., ton. 1966. 31 1 p. Cloth. Published by the 950 University Ave., Bronx, N.Y. 10452. $10. Johns Hopkins Press for the Hispanic Founda- tion. of the Library of Congress. Available Digest of Public General Bills and Selected from the Johns Hopkins Press, 5820 York Resolutions With Index. Single copy prices Road, Baltimore, Md. 21218. $15, or $25 for vary. Subscription for each session, $10, $13 vols. 1 and 2 (vol. 1 was published after the foreign. end of the fiscal year) . 89th Congress, 1st session. 1 cumulative Library of Congress Catalog-Books: Sub- issue, 7 supplements, and the final. July- jects. A cumulative list of works represented December 1965. 1965. by Library of Congress printed cards. Three 89th Congress, 2d session. 4 cumulative quarterly issues and, except for years of quin- issues and 6 supplements. January-June quennial cumulations, an annual cumulation. 1966. 1966. Card Division, $201.50 a year. A Directory of Informatio7z Resources in the July-September 1965; January-March United States: Social Sciences. 1965. 2 18 p. 1966;,April- June 1966. 1965-66. Paper. Paper. $1.50. Annual issue, 1965. 1966. 3 vols. Cloth. Fables From Incunabula to Modern Picture Library of Congress Catalog-Motion Pictures Books; a Selective Bibliograbhy. Compiled and Filtrzstrips. A cumulative list with subject by Barbara Quinnam. 1966. 85 p. Paper. index of works represented by Library of Con- 40 cents. gress printed cards. Three quarterly issues Guide to the Special Collection of Prints @ and, except for years of quinquennial cumula- Photograplzs in the Library of Cdtzgrcss. tions, an annual cumulation. (The first two Compiled by Paul Vanderbilt. 1955, re- 1966 issues appeared after the end of the fiscal printed 1965. 200 p. Paper. $1.25. year in a combined volume.) Card Division, Handbook of Latin American Studies, No. 27. $8 a year. Supplied free to subscribers to the Social Sciences. Prepared by the Hispanic National Union Catalog. Foundation. Edited by Earl J. Pariseau. July-September 1965. 1965. Paper. 1965. 515 p. Cloth. For sale by the Uni- Annual issue, 1965. 1966. 296 p. Paper. versity of Florida Press, Gainesville, Fla. $20. Library of Congress Catalog-Music and Beginning with no. 26, even-numbered vol- Phonorecords. A cumulative author list with umes cover humanities; odd numbers cover subject index of works represented by Library social sciences. of Congress printed cards. A semiannual Itlformatiotz Bu~lctin. Weekly. Card Divi- issue and, except for years of quinquennia1 sion, $2 a year. Free to libraries. cumulations, an annual cumulation. Card 52 issues, July 6, 1965-June 27, 1966. Division, $4.50 a year. Supplied free to sub- Paper. 1965-66. scribers to the National Union Catalog. LC and You; a Handbook of Information for January-June 1965. 1965. 277 p. the Staff. 1965. 34 p. Paper. Free. Annual issue, 1965. 1966. 579 p. L.C. Classification-Additions and Changes. Library of Congress Publications in Print, Quarterly. Card Division, $1.50 a copy, $6 March 1966. 1966. 32 p. Free. a year. The Little Magazine and Contemporary Lit- 3 issues, June-December 1965. 1965-66. erature; a Symposium Held at the Library of APPENDIX 14

Congress 2 and 3 April 1965. 1966. 1 19 p. printed cards and titles reported by other Paper. Published for the Reference Depart- American libraries. Compiled by the Library ment, Library of Congress, by the Modern of Congress with the cooperation of the Re- Language Association of America. Available sources and Technical Services Division's from the Materials Center, Modern Language Resources Committee, American Library As- Association, 4 Washington Place, New York, sociation. Nine monthly issues, three quar- N.Y. 10003. $1.25. terly cumulations, and an annual cumulation. Madagascar and Adjacent Islands; a Guide to Card Division, $403 a year. In addition to Oficial Publications. Compiled by Julian W. all issues of the National Union Catalog, sub- Witherell. 1965. 58 p. 40 cents. scribers receive at no extra charge the separately issued Motion Pictures and Filmstrips Monthly Checklist of State Publications. and Music and Phonorecords catalogs; the Monthly. Paper. 35 cents a copy. 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A list scribers to the ATational Union Catalog. of works represented by National Library of Annual issue, 1965. 1966. 1,337 p. Medicine cards. Part I: Authors; Part 11: June 1966. 1966. 385 p. Subjects. The National Union Catalog of Manuscript 1960-65 cumulation. 1966. 6 vols. Avail- Collections, 1963-1964. 1965. 500 p. able from Rowrnan and Littlefield, Inc., Cloth. Card Division, $10. 84 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10011. $73.50. New Serial Titles. A union list of serials commencing publication after December 3 1, National Register of Microform Masters. A 1949. list of titles for which master negatives esist, Monthly issues and cumulative annual volume. Card Division, $95 a year. for purposes of copying and preservation. Compiled by the Library of Congress with the Supplement to the Union List of Serials, third cooperation of the American Library Associa- edition. tion and the Association of Research Libraries. 12 issues, July 1965-June 1966. 1965-66. Irregular. Card Division, price varies. Sup- Paper. plied free to subscribers to the National Union Annual issue, 1964 (196 1-64). 1965. Catalog. Cloth. September 1965. 56p. $1.50. Paper. Nezo Serial Titles-Classed Subject Arratrge- January 1966. 56 p. $1.50. Paper. 1tze72t. Monthly. Card Division, $25 a year. National Union Catalog. A cumulative au- 12 issues, .Tuly 1964-Tune 1966. 1965-66. I i 186 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966 I Newspapers of East Central and Southeastern The Rare Book Division: a Guide to Its Col- i Europe in the Library of Congress. Edited lections and Services. Rev. ed. 1965. 51 1 by Robert G. Carlton. 1965. 204 p. Pa- p. Paper. 50 cents. f per. $1. Registers of Papers in the Library of Congress. Presidents' Papers Index Series. One copy Francis Bowes Sayre. 1965. 11 p. Card of the appropriate index will be supplied Division, 30 cents. free to each purchaser of the microfilms of the The Rhodesias and Nyasaland; a Guide to Presidents' papers. Positive copies of the Oficial Publications. Compiled by Audrey microfilms are for sale by the Photoduplica- A. Walker. 1965. 285 p. Paper. $1.50. tion Service, Library of Congress. Rules for Descriptive Cataloging in the Li- Grover Cleveland. 1965. 345 p. Paper. brary of Congress: Motion Pictures and Film- $2.25. strips. 1965. 20 p. Paper. Card Divi- Ulysses S. Grant. 1965. 83 p. Paper. sion, free. 70 cents. Subject Headings Used in the Dictionary Cat- Public Law 480 Project Accessions Lists. alogs of the Library of Congress. Monthly India. Monthly. Available from Ameri- supplements to the 7th edition, which was can Libraries Book Procurement Center, published after the end of the fiscal year, American Embassy, APO New York 09675. cumulating each month from January through June and from July through December. Card Indonesia. Irregular. Available from American Libraries Book Procurement Division, $5; prices of separate cumulations Center, American Embassy, APO San vary. 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American Libraries Book Procurement Part I: Science, Technology, Agriculture, Center, American Embassy, APO New Medicine. Part 11: Social, Cultural, Corn- York 0927 1. 7nercia1, Humanistic. For each part there are Quarterly Journal of the Library of Congress. 12 issues a year, of which March, June, Sep- Published as a supplement to the Annual Re- tember, and December are cumulative quar- port of the Librarian of Congress. Single terlies. Single copy prices vary. Part I, $3.75 copy prices vary; $2.50 a year, including the a year, $4.75 foreign. Part 11, $3.50 a year, Annual Report (paper) ; $3.25 foreign. $4.50 foreign. 4 issues, October 1965-July 1966. 1965- 12 issues of each part, August 1965-July 66. Paper. 1966. 1965-66. Concerts, Lectures, and Other Programs

CONCERTS

CONCERTSIN THE COOLIDGEAUDITORIUM Quintet for the Raleigh Chamber Music Guild, Raleigh, N.C. 1965 October 30. The NeLr York Pro Musica, December 8. The Kroll Quartet at Sullivan Noah Ch-eenberg, musical director. County Con~munitycoliege, South Falls- burg, N.Y. 1966 March 11. The Contemporary Chamber December 13. A program of instrumental Ensemble, Arthur Weisberg, conductor. and vocal music for the Southern Califor- nia Chamber Music Society, Los Angeles, Calif.

September 12. The New York Pro Musica, Noah Greenberg, musical director, at South February 3. The Paganini Quartet for the Mountain, Pittsfield, Mass. Birmingham Chamber Music Society, Birmingham, Ala. September 19. The Guarneri String Quartet at South Mountain, Pittsfield, Mass. March 13. The Fine Arts Quartet for the Raleigh Chamber hlusic Guild, Raleigh, November 2. The New York Woodwind -7 r(

1965 November 26. Quartetto di Roma. October 7, 8- The Juilliard String Quartet, Walter Trampler, viola, and Leslie Parnas, December 3. The Claremont String Quar- violoncello. tet. October 14, 15. The Juilliard String Quar- December 10. Jean-Pierre Rampal, flute, tet. and Robert Veyron-Lacroix, harpsichord and piano. October 21, 22. The Juilliard String Quar- tet and Bernard Greenhouse, violoncello. December 17, 18. The Juilliard String Quartet and Rudolf Firkusny, piano. November 4, 5. The Juilliard String Quartet and Brooks Smith, piano. 1966 November 11, 12. The Juilliard String January 7- Luigino Gorini and Sergio Lo- Quartet. renzi, duo-pianists. Novetnber 19. Mischa Schneider, violon- January 14. The New York Chamber cello, and Leo Smit, piano. Soloists. 188 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1966 Januaxy 21. The Beaus Arts Trio of New March 17, 18. The Juilliard String Quartet. York. Aftarch24, 25. The Juilliard String Quartet Janua~ 28- The Metropolitan Opera and Clark Brody, clarinet. Studio. hlarch 31, April 1. The Juilliard String February 4. The Baroque Chamber Players Quartet. of Indiana University. February 11. Szymon Goldberg, violin, and April 7, 8. The Juilliard String Quartet and Victor Babin, piano. Walter Trampler, viola. February 18. The New York Wind Ensemble. April 14, 15. The Juilliard String Quartet. Februaly 25. The Balsam-Kroll-Heifetz April 21, 22. The Juilliard String Quartet, Trio. Paul Makanowitzky, violin, Sonya Mono- March 4. Boris Kroyt, viola, and Artur Bal- soff, violin, Walter Trampler, viola, and sanl, piano. Charles hlccracken, violoncello.

THEGERTRUDECLARKEWHITTALLPOETRY November 23. The same program presented AND LITERATUREFUND in the afternoon for senior high school stu- 1965 dents of the Washington metropolitan area. October 6. Katherine Anne Porter, "The December 13. Philip Bmth, poetry reading. Long War: Recollections of a Writer's Be- ginnings," lecture. January 17. Colin Wilson, "The Revolution October 18. M. B. Tolson, poet~yreading. in Literature," lecture. October 25. Kenneth Resroth, poetry read- January 31, February 1. Lucille Lortel, ing. Judith Rutherford Marechal Productions, November 1,2. Cleveland Play House Tour- Inc., and Konrad Matthaei, in association ing Company, Jean Anouilh's Arrtigotze, with Jay Stanwyck, presenting the Univer- adapted by Lewis Galantiere, dramatic sity of Michigan Professional Theatre Pro- performance. gram production of Donald Hall's Atr November 8. James Dickey, poetry reading. Evenitzg's Frost, dramatic performance. February 7. Henry Rago, poetry reading. November 22, 23. Institute for Advanced Studies in the Theatre Arts, Jean Baptiste March 21. William Jay Smith, poetry read- Racine's PIzSdre, translated by William ing. Packard, dramatic performance. March 28. W. H. Auden, poetry reading. 7

APPENDIX 15 189

March 29. Andrei Voznesensky, poetry read- 1966 ing, in Russian; William Jay Smith, reading May 2. Stephen Spender, poetry reading. translations in English. April 25, 26. Arnold Moss and Company, George Bernard Sha~v'sBack to Methusc- NATIONALCHILDREN'SBOOKWEEK lah, staged reading. OBSERVANCE THEARCHERM. HUNTINGTONFUND 1965 1965 November 3. Frances Clarke Sayers, "A Cer- October 11. Stephen Spender, "Chaos and tain Height: A Perspective on Children's Control in Poetry," lecture. Books," lecture.

Index

A American Historical Association, gift fund, 166 American history : chair, 162 ;honorary consultants, Abstracts and abstracting: Antarctic literature, 70 ; xi ; preservation of source materials, 166 ; publi- arms control, 69; see also Dissertation Abstracts cations, 69, 72; reproduction of manuscripts in Accessions lists, Public Law 480 projects, 35, 36 foreign depositories, 64, 166 Accounting Office, 88; officers, v .American Institute of Architects, 21 Acquisition of materials, 62-65; by copyright de- American Law Division (LRS), 51, 53, 54; chief, posit, 65, 98, 126, 127, 135; exchanges, 9, 37, ...v 1 38, 63, 65, 135, 137; exhibit, 13; purchases, American Library Association, 1 1, 22, 28, 42 ; com- 37, 63, 64, 78, 79, 158, 160; statistics, 133-137; mittees and joint committees, 27, 28, 41, 43; transfer from Government agencies, 134, 135; gift fund, 166 see also Accessions lists; Gift and trust funds; .4merican literature : honorary consultants, xi; Gifts; National Program for Acquisitions and readings and lectures, 8, 61 ; symposium, 168 Cataloging; and Public Law 480 Program American Revolution Bicentennial Commission, 19 Adams, Anscl, gift, 62 Anagnost, Catherine, 82 Adams, John Quincy, 9 Administrative Department: employment statistics, Anderson, Maxwell, 98 i78; officers, v; operation of MARC project, 17; Anderson, Robert N., 79 personnel change, 23; report, 83-93 Angell, Richard S., viii Advisory Committee on Photocopying Foreign Anglo-American Cataloging Rules, 12, 25, 42 Manuscripts, 9, 59 Anguilla, exchanges, 38 Aeronautics: bibliography, funds, 168; chair, funds, Antarctic Bibliography, 70 162;honorary consultant, xi; study, 55 .4pplebaum, Edmond L., vii, 33 Aeronautics Section (Sci), head, ix .4ppropriations: 1966, 18, 21, 27, 37, 60, 88, 89, Aerospace Medicine and Biology Bibliography Sec- 158-160; 1967,19,20, 27 tion (Sci) : head, ix; publications, 70 Arabic materials, serial record for periodicals, 67 .4erospace Technology Division, 90 ; officers, viii ; .4rchitect of the Capitol, 13, 18, 19, 2 1, 85-87, 158, purchases, 134 159 Africa: acquisitions, 33; motion pictures relating Archive of Folk Song, 64 ;head, ix to, 62 Archive of Recorded Poetry and Literature, 61, 64, .4frican Section (GR&B) : bibliographies, 69; funds, 166 168; officers, viii Armenian materials, acquisition funds, 166 Aguilera, Francisco, ix Arms Control and Disarmament, 69 Air Force Scientific Research Bibliography, 70 Arms Control and Disarmament Bibliography Sec- Airlie Foundation, 22 tion (GR&B), 69; head, viii Alaska: film on earthquake, 65; Russian Church Arner, Frederick B., vi archives, 160 .4mo Publishing Company, 1 1, 166 Alfred Whital Stern Collection of Lincolniana: Arnold Moss and Company, 61 funds, 64, 164, 166, 174; sale of catalog, 176 Assistant Librarian, v, x "All-the-Books" Plan, 47 Association of Research Libraries, 25, 27-29, 33, 40 Allen, Fred : correspondence, 62 ;scripts, 98 Atamian (David) Memorial Fund, 134, 166 Allen, Julius W., vi Auden, W. H., 6,7,6 1 Almond, A. P., 86 .Audit Office, employment statistics, 178 American-British Law Division, 80 ;officers, vi Australia, Library Association of, 63 .4merican Council of Learned Societies, 10, 67 Australia, National Library of, 38 American Federation of Arts, 16 Austria : exchanges, 38 ;shared cataloging, 4 INDEX

Automation, 16-1 8 ; appropriations, 19; bibliog- Bibliography on Snow, Ice and Permafrost, 70 raphy on information storage and retrieval, 70; Binding and repair of materials, 47,48, 145, 156 gift funds, 168; in control of manuscript collec- Binding Committee, 48,66 tions, 67, 90; in fiscal operations, 89; in indexing, Binding Division, 48; officers, vii 67, 89, 90, 96; in printing, 12, 43, 90; in studies Bingham, Representative Jonathan B., 100 of Stack and Reader operations, 90; storage and Blind, services to, 20, 74-76, 132; appropriations, retrieval of data on current legislation, 18, 90; 20, 158-160; employment statistics, 178; gift systems development, 16; see also Data Processing funds, 132, 162, 164, 170, 172; statistics, 2, 157; Office; Information Systems Office; and MARC see also Books for the blind; and Division for the Project Blind and Physically Handicapped Automation and the Library of Congress, 17 Bodenhausen, George H. C., quoted, 123 Bok, Edward W., personal papers, 62 B Bollenbacher, Mrs. Pauline R., viii Babb, James T., 44 Bollingen Foundation, Inc., gift fund, 166 Babine, Alexis V., bequest, 134, 162 Boniface, Irvin E., v Baker, William O.,xii Bonnel, Mme. Ulane, 64 Bako, Elemer, 63 Book catalogs, sales, 147, 15 1 ; see also names of Balding I? Mansell, 11 catalogs Ball, Dudley B., x Books and pamphlets: acquisition statistics, 1, 133, Barcus, Thomas R., vii 135;copyright registrations and deposits, 125-1 27 Barker, Ernest C., v Books for College Libraries, funds, 166 Barrows (William J.) Laboratory, 66 Books for the blind, 1, 19, 20, 75, 133-135, 157; Basler, Roy P., viii see also Blind, services to; and Division for the Bay Psalm Book, 8,62 Blind and Physically Handicapped Beal, Edwin G., Jr., ix Borgeson, Earl C., 82 Beaver, Edward L., v Born, Lester K., 10 Bechuanaland, copyright, 122 Boston Athenaeum, exchange, 38 Becquerel, Henri, 65 Bowen, Catherine Drinker, xi Beethoven Association, 164, 166 Bowker (R. R.) Company, 11, 47; gift fund, 162, Beirut Agreement, 10 1 166 Belgium, exchanges, 38 Bowman, James R., vii Bell, Whitfield J., Jr., 9 Bellow, Saul, xi Boyd, Julian P., xii Belov, Ghennady, 9 Brademas, Representative John, 14 Benjamin, William Evarts, gift fund, 162 Braille Book Review, 75, 76 Bennett, Representative Charles E., gift fund, 134, Braille Printing in the Spanish Language, First In- 166 ternational Congress on, 132 Bequests to the Library of Congress, forms of, iv; Bray, Robert S., viii see also Gift and trust funds Breeskin, Adelyn D., 13 Bernays, Edward L., personal papers, 62 Breitenbach, Edgar, ix, 63 Berne Copyright Convention, 122 British Institute of Recorded Sound, exchange, 38 Bernstein, Leonard, 13,62 British National Bibliography, 32 Berry, Paul L., v Brittle Book Project, 65 Bibliographical Procedures t3 Style, 69 Broadsides and posters, 1, 133 Bibliographies, 2; African, 69; children's literature, Broderick, John C., ix 69 ;Hispanic Foundation, 7 1 ;Orientalia Division, Brown, Clement R., ix 70 ; Reference Department, statistics, 154; Sci- Buchwald, Art, 74 ence and Technology Division, 70; Serial Di- Budget Office, 88,89; officers, v vision, 72, 73 Buenos Aires Copyright Convention, 37, 123-1 25 Bibliography and Reference Correspondence Section Building Planning, Coordinator of, v, 2 1,86 INDEX

Buildings of the Library: fire retardation, 87; Mid- Children's Book Section, 39,69; head, viii dle River (Md.) storage, 86; new equipment, Children's Books, 69 renovation, and repairs, 83-85, (funds), 18, 19, Children's literature: annotated catalog cards, 2, 84, 158 ; space changes, 84, 85; see also James 25, 39, 43, 44; card catalogs, 44, 143; cataloging Madison Memorial Building office, head, vii; juvenile serials, 73 Bulgaria, shared cataloging, 5 Chinese and Korean Section (Orien), 71 ; head, ix Burkhardt, Frederick H., xii, 9 Chinese materials : acquisitions, 135 ; microfilming Burleson, Representative Omar, iv, 85 of periodicals, 65, 67, 92, 168; newspapers, 67, Butterfield, Lyman H., xii, 9 174; union catalog, 144 The Church and State Under Communism, 77 C Civil War, acquisitions relating to, 13,62 Cagle, Fred R., xii Clagett, Mrs. Helen L., vi Cain, James M., personal papers, 62 Clapp, Verner I%'.,xii; publication fund, 174 Cain, Richard L., Sr., v Clark, Senator Joseph S., iv Caldwell, George H., viii Classification: law and legal materials, 25, 43, 79- Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, gift, 62 81 ; statistics, 140-142 ; see also Dewey Decimal Canadian Defence Research Board, gift fund, 168 Classification Card Division, 2, 18, 46, 47; officers, vii; see also Classification Office, employment statistics, 178 Catalog cards Classification Officer, v "Cards-With-Books" Program, 39,47 Classification schedules : geography, 68 ; law and Carlton, Robert G., 11 legal materials, 25, 43, 79-81 ; sale and distribu- Carneal, Robert B., ix tion, 2, 47, 5 1 Carnegie Corporation of New York, gift funds, 65, Clift, David H., xii 72,92, 134,162,168 Cline, Howard F., viii Cary, George D., v, 94, 100 Coffin,Lewis C., vi, 79,82 Catalog cards : appropriations, 158-1 60, 178 ; dis- Cold Regions Bibliography Section (Sci), head, ix tribution, 2, 3, 19, 25, 39, 46, 147-152, 158-160; Collections Maintenance and Preservation Office, printing and reprinting, 47, 152; see also Card v ;report, 86 Division; Catalogs (card) ; and MARC Project Collections of the Library, statistics, 1, 133 Catalog Maintenance and Catalog Publication Divi- Colleges and universities: advisers tb foreign manu- sion, 44,46; officers, vii; statistics, 142, 143 script copying program, 10; exchanges, 63; in Catalog of Copyright Entries, 98 Documents Expediting Project, 38; in MARC Catalog of Juvenile Books, 44 Cataloging, 2-6, 39-46; children's literature, 2, 25, Project, 17; loans to, by LC, 69; P.L. 480 39, 43, 44; maps, 43, 68; music, 43; statistics, acquisitions, 36; shared cataloging, 33 138-145; White House Library, 44; see also Columbia Broadcasting System, Inc., copyright MARC Project ;and National Program for Acqui- cases, 104 sitions and Cataloging Committees: LC, 9, 44, 48, 59, 66, 68; Librarian's Cataloging Division (Cop), 97 ;officers, vi liaison, xii, 22 Cataloging Service, quoted, 32 Computers, 89; see also Automation Cataloging Services Unit (Desc Cat), 42 Concerts, 7, 60, 132; broadcasts and recordings, Catalogs (card), 42, 44-46, 138, 139, 142-144; 61, 172; funds, 60, 61, 164, 168; list, 187 see also Cataloging; and National Union Catalog Conference on Chamber Music Activities, 60 Cayman Islands, copyright, 122 Conference on Latin American History, 166 Celler, Representative Emanucl, 85, 100 Congress (U.S.) : bills and resolutions, microfilm- Center for Research Libraries, 22 ing, 9 1 ; publications containing reports prepared Center for the Coordination of Foreign Manuscript by LC, 53-55, 77; see also Legislation relating Copying, 9,59 ;funds, 9, 168 to the Library; and Joint Committees Ceylon, extension of P.L. 480 Program to, 5, 19 Congress, services to, 1, 69; Law Library, 77; Legis- Chapin, Katherine Garrison, xi lative Reference Service, 2, 49-58; Reference Charpentier, Arthur A., 82 Department, 56,59,68-72 INDEX

Congress. House. Committees: Interstate and Cormier, John W., v Foreign Commerce, 101 ; Judiciary, 19, 53, 95, Cors, Allan D., 94 96, 122; Merchant Marine and Fisheries, 55; Costa Rica, exchanges, 38 Science and Astronautics, 10 1 ;Ways and Means, Council on Library Resources, Inc., grants, 9-1 1, 53, 54, 101 17, 23, 39, 59, 168 Congress. Senate. Committees: Aeronautical and Cragun, John W., 82 Space Sciences, 55; Appropriations, 55; Com- Craven, Avery O., xi merce, 54; Finance, 53, 54; Judiciary, 54, 77, 96, Crawford, John C., vii 100 Croneberger, Robert B., vii Consultants: honorary, xi, 10; poetry in English, Cronin, John W., vii, 29,32, 39 xi, 7, 74 Cronyn, Hume, personal papers, 62 Coolidge, Elizabeth Sprague, gift fund, 168; see Crouch, William H., vi also Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge Foundation Curtin, Representative Willard S., 88 Coolidge Auditorium : concerts, readings, lectures, Custer, Benjamin A., vii 7, 61, 132, 187; installation of new projection Custodian of Alien Property, 65 screen, 73 Cyrillic Bibliographic Project, 41 ;officers, vii Cooper, Senator John Sherman, iv Czechoslovakia, shared cataloging, 5 Cooperative activities: cataloging, 43, 69, 138- 140, 144; microfilming, 9, 59, 64, 71, 168; see also Exchange programs ; MARC Project ; and Dahlgren, John O., 82 National Program for Acquisitions and Cata- Daiker, Virginia, ix loging Daniel Guggenheim Fund for the Promotion of Coordinator for Developnlent and Organization of Aeronautics, Inc., 162 the Collections, viii, 62 Data Processing Office, 88-90,95 ;chief, v Coordinator of Building Planning, v, 2 1, 86 Davidson, Julius, v, 23 Coordinator of Overseas Programs, vii, 64 Daye, Stephen, 8 Copland, Aaron, 14 Decimal Classification Editorial Policy Committee, Copyright : architecture, 110 ; author's moral right, 4 1 105-1 07 ; community antenna systems, 102- Decimal Classification Office, officers, vii 105; computer programs, 99; concept of publi- D~G~S~O~Sof the United States Courts Inuoluing cation, 110 ; court cases, 101-1 2 1 ; deposits, 65, Copyright, 1963-1964,98 98, 126, 127, 135; designs, 97, 111, 117; dupli- Defense Research Division : officers, viii ;purchases, cation of recordings on tape cartridges, 12 1; 134 fees, 2, 89, 97, 126-128, 159; Government pub- Deiber, Paul-fimile, 6 1 lications, 101; infringement, 117-1 19 ; interna- Delougaz, Nathalie P., vii, 32 tional, 122-1 25; motion pictures, 105, 106, l 15, Dempsey, Jack, 65 116, 121; music, 99, 109, 115, 116, 118, 119; Denmark, exchanges, 38,63 news reports, 120; notice of, 11 1-1 13; notice Denslow, L. Alton, 79 of intention to use, 99, 126; registrations, 2, 91, Deputy Librarian of Congress, v 96-98, 113, 125-128; renewals, 96, 116, 126; Descriptive Cataloging Division, 42, 44, 138; offi- scope of right to copy, 105; subject matter of, cers, vii 107-I 10; trade catalogs, 11 1, 112 Descriptive List of Treasure Maps and Charts in Copyright Office : appropriations, 19, 158-1 60 ;ex- the Library of Congress, 72 hibits, 180; officers, v; personnel, 23, 178; plans Deutsch, Babette, xi for automated operations, 18, 98; publications, Dewey Decimal Classification, 41 98; purchases, 134; reference services, 97; re- Dewey Decimal Classification, 40 ;funds, 170 port, 95-1 28 ; research projects, 97 ; statistics, DeWitt, Roscoe, 21, 86 2, 125-128, 134 DeWitt, Poor & Shelton, 2 1, 86 Copyright laws: bills pending and passed, 100, 158, Dewton, Johannes L., viii, 29, 33 159; revision of U.S. law, 19, 95, 122 Dickey, James, xi, 74 Corbett, Representative Robert J., iv Digest of Public General Bills, 90 Cornan, Representative James C., 100 Dingell, Representative John, 35 INDEX

A Directory of Information Resources in the United Exchange and Gift Division, 37, 38, 66, 85, 98; States: Social Sciences, 70 officers, viii ;statistics, 135, i37 Disbursing Office, 88,89; officers, v Exchange programs, 9,37, 38,. 63, 65; statistics, 135, Dissertation Abstracts, 40 ;funds, 174 137 Division for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, Exhibits, 12-16; list, 179-181 20, 74-76, 86, 157; officers, viii; see also Blind, Exhibits Office, 61 ; employment statistics, 178 services to; and Books for the blind Exhibits Officer, v Dix, William, 25-28 F Dobert, Margarita, 63 Dobrynin, Anatoliy F., 9 Fables: From Incunabula to Modern Picture Books, Documents Expediting Project, 38, 168 69 Dodge, William R., viii Fainsod, Merle, 10, Domer; August S., v Fano, Robert Mario, xii Donovan, David G., vii, 35 Far East: acquisitions, 65, 135 ;catalogs, 143, 144; Dorf, Mrs. Maxine B., viii see also Chinese materials Dougherty, Joseph W., ix Far Eastern Law Division, 81 ;chief, vi Doumani, George A., ix Federal Editors Association, 10 Dows, Olin, gift, 13 1 Federal Employees Salary Act of 1965, 68, 89 Dramatic readings and performances, list, 188 Federal Library Committee, 22, 168 Draz, Peter, viii Federal Records Centers, 9 1,99, 100 Drummond, Forrest S., 82 Feininger, Lyonel, 64 Dunlap, Leslie W., 10 Fern, Alan M., ix, 61, 63 Dwyer, Francis X., vi Ferris, Warren W., xi Fields, Mrs. Gladys O., v Finance: copyright service fees, 2, 89, 97, 126-128; East-West Center, 7 1 sale of catalog cards, photoduplicates, recordings, Eberhart, Richard, xi and LC publications, 2, 46, 89, 93, 147-151, 156, Economics Division (LRS), 51, 55 ; officers, vi 174, 176 ; statistics, 160-1 77 ; transferred funds, Eddins, Duard M., v 18, 19, 27, 88, 89, 160, 161, 178; see also Appro- Edlund, Paul E., viii priations ;and Gift and trust funds Education and Public Welfare Division (LRS) , 51, Fine arts : acquisition funds, 162, 164; exhibits, 12, 53,54; officers, vi 61 ; preservative treatment, 146; see also Prints Edwards (J. W.), Publishers, Inc., gift fund, 134, and photographs 168 Finkelstein, Herman, 122 Eichenberg, Fritz, x Finland : exchanges, 38 ;funds for acquisitions, 134, Einhorn, Nathan R., viii 168;gifts, 16, 63 Eisenhower, Dwight D., letters, 13 Finlandia Foundation, Inc., gift fund, 134, 168 Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, Finzi, John C., viii 47 Fire protection, 87 Eliot, T. S., correspondence, 62 Fiscal Services, Office of, 88,89; officers, v Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge Foundation, 60, 162, Florence Agreement, 101 187 Foley, Merton J., v Ellison, Ralph, xi Ford Foundation, gift funds, 7 1,170 Elsbree, Hugh L., vi, vii, 23, 58 Fordham, Jefferson B., x, 22 Elson (Louis C.), Memorial Fund, 162 Foreign Affairs Division (LRS) ,51 ;officers, vi Engelhard, Mrs. Charles William, Jr., ivy 131 Forest Press, Inc., 41, 134, 170 Enger, Stanley L., vii Fowler, Henry H., iv, 131 England, shared cataloging, 4, 32, 37 France, shared cataloging, 4 European Law Division, 79, 80; officers, vi Francis, Sir Frank, 4, 29 Evans, Luther H., 82 Freehafer, Edward G., xii INDEX

Friends of Music in the Library of Congress, 64, Graham, Mrs. Aubry L., vi 131, 162, 170 Graham, Lewis, gift, 131 Friends of the Law Library, 78,134,170 Grainger, Percy, 67 Frost, Robert, 61, 64 Grant, Ulysses, papers on microfilm, 72, 91 Fuchs, Herbert, 94, 122 Gray, Dwight E., ix, 23 Funkhouser, Ray R., x Green, Archie, 72 Grcene, Bruno H., 82 Grenada, copyright, 122 ~abriel,Ralph M., xi Gross, Robert V., x Gallozzi, Charles, viii Guard Division, v Gaver, Mary V., xii Guggenheim Fund; see Daniel Guggenheim Fund Gellner, Charles R., vi for the Promotion of Aeronautics, Inc. General Accounting Office, 89 Guide to the Study of the United States of America, General Counsel of the Library, vi, 91 69 General Reference and Bibliography Division, 69, Guyana, exchanges, 38 154;officers, viii General Services Administration, 99 Geography, chair, 166 Hahn, Lorna, 63 Geography and Map Division: catalog cards, 43; Hall, Donald, 6 1 gifts, 62 ;officers, viii; organization and preserva- Hamer, Mrs. Elizabeth E., v, x tion of the collections, 66, 68, 138, 139; reader Handbook of Latin American Studies, 71 and reference services, 72, 154 Hanks, Nymphus C., bequest, 162 George Eastrnan House, 16 Hanson, Howard, 60 Gerlach, Arch C., viii Haratsuka, Un'ichi, ii Germany: consultant program, 172; shared cata- Harding, Elizabeth H., vii loging, 4, 33 Harrison, Gordon F., iv Gertrude Clarke Whittall Foundation, 8, 60, 64, Hart, Senator Philip A., 100 131,134,164,187 Haviland, Virginia, viii, 63 Gertrude Clarke Whittall Poetry and Literature Health, Education, and Welfare, Department of, Funds, 8, 61, 131, 164, 188 funds transferred to LC, 18, 19, 27, 88, 89, 159 Gift and trust funds, 9, 11, 17, 23, 92, 131, 160- Hebraic Section (Orien), head, ix 177; acquisitions purchased, 134 ; positions paid Hebraica: acquisitions, 63, 135; union catalog, 144 from, 178 Hefty, Georgella C., viii Gifts, 9, 16, 38,62-65, 135 Hegeman, Annie-May, gift fund, 164 Gipson, Lawrence H., xi Heineman Foundation for Research, Educational, Gitelson, Maxwell, personal papers, 62 Charitable, and Scientific Purposes, Inc., 64, Glasgow, Richard E., vi 134, 170 Goddard Space Flight Center, 70 Hemingway, Mrs. Ernest, 107 Goff, Frederick R., ix Henderson, Ralph L., ix Goldman, .4be A., v, 94 Henry, Mrs. Donald, 8 Gooch, Robert C., v Henshaw, Francis H., viii, 37 Goodrum, Charles A., vi Herring, Pendleton, xii Government agencies : foreign manuscript copying Hester, Representative Clinton M., 86 program, 10; loan services to, 69 ; participants in Higher Education Act of 1965, 3, 18, 22, 25, 27, MARC Project, 17; transfers from, 18, 19, 134, 28,62, 63,88, 134, 159 135,158, 160, 161 Hilker, Helen-Annc, \r Government and General Research Division (LRS) , Hines, Mrs. Patricia S., vii officers, vi Hispanic Foundation: exhibit, 180 ;gift funds, 162, Government Printing Office: binding for LC, 46, 166, 170, 174; officers, viii ; reader and reference 146;Library Branch, x; testing of paper, 87 ;use services, 71, 132, 154 of computers and photocomposition, 12 Hispanic Law Division, 81 ;chief, vi Government Publication Reading Room, 73, 81 Hispanic Society Room, gift funds, 162, 166 INDEX

Historic American Buildings Survey, 66 International Federation for Documentation, 41, 70 History; see American history International Federation of Library Associations, 4 Hobbs, Cecil C., ix International Organizations Section (GR&B),69; Holmes, Donald C., v officers, viii Holmes, Robert R., viii Israel: acquisitions, 36; P.L. 480 Project, 5, 35, 36, Hooper, Harold R., vi I 70 ;see also Hebraica Hoover, Herbert, letters, 13 Italy, exchanges, 38 Homcky, Paul L., x Ives, Burl, 64 Hotchner, A. E., 107 J Houghton, Arthur A., Jr., xi; gift fund, 65, 134, 170 House Office Building Commission, 2 1,85 Jackson, Charles, correspondence, 62 Housman, A. E., papers relating to, 62 Jackson, John C., vi Howard, Paul, 23 Jacobius, Arnold J., vii, ix Hsia, Tao-tai, vi James, Jerry R., vii, 5,33 Hubbard, Gertrude M., bequest, 63, 131, 134, 161, James Madison Memorial Building, 18, 2 1, 22, 59, 162 85, 158,159 Hubbell, Jay Broadus, xi James Madison Memorial Commission, 21 Hughes, Edwin, 60 Jann, Edmund C.,vi Humphrey, Hubert H., 14,15; quoted, 10 Japanese materials : acquisitions, 63, 135; union Humphrey, Mrs. Hubert H., 15 catalog, 144 Hungary, shared cataloging, 5 Japanese Section (Orien), head, ix Huntington, Archer M., gift funds, 134, 162, 166, Jay, Donald F., vii, 33 189 Jayson, Lester S., vi, vii Hutchison, Robert W., v Jefferson, Thomas, 73 John XXIII, Pope, 65 Johns Hopkins Press, 7 1 Johnson, J. Burlin, ix Iceland, exchanges, 38 Johnson, Lyndon B., letters, 13 Tlg, Frances L., personal papers, 62 Johnson, Martin and Osa, 62 India: acquisitions, 36, 64; microfilming of news- Joint Committee on Printing, 90 papers, 36, 92, 172; P.L. 480 Project, 5, 35, 36, Joint Committee on the Library, 21, 85; members, 64, 92, 170; see also South and Southeast Asia iv Indiana, statehood commemoration, 14 Joint Committee on the Organization of Congress, Indic Cataloging Fund, 134 49,58 Indonesia: acquisitions from, 36; P.L. 480 Project, Joint Committee on the Union List of Serials, Inc., 5, 35, 36, 170 11, 12, 39 Information Bulletin, 23 Jones, Harry W., 22 Information Dynamics Corporation, 70 Jones, Mrs. Helen Dudenbostel, viii Information Office, employment statistics, 178 Jones, Howard Mumford, xi Information Officer, v Jones, Representative Paul C., iv Information Systems Office, 16-18,90, 178 Jordan, Senator B. Everett, iv, 85, 13 1 Information Systems Officer, v Juda (Felix and Helen) Foundation, 134 Institute for Advanced Studies in the Theatre Arts, Juilliard String Quartet, 7, 60 6 1 Jury-selection laws, report, 53 Interior, Department of the, 70 Jwaideh, Zuhair E., vi Interlibrary loans, 69 Internal Audit Office, 91 K International cooperation : copyright agreements Kahler, Mrs. Mary Ellis, viii and conventions, 10 1, 122- 125 ; microfilming Kaminstein, Abraham: L.,v,. 94; see also Register of projects, 9, 59, 64; see also Exchange programs; Copyrights and National Program for Acquisitions and Cata- Kammel, Karl, 4 loging Karpf, Fred, vi International Council on Archives, 9,60 Karsner, Loran P., vii INDEX

Kastenmeier, Representative Robert W., 19, 94, LeGear, Clara E., xi 96, 101 Legislation relating to the Library, 18-21, 158; Kennedy, John F., exhibit, 16 copyright revision bill, 19, 95; see also Higher Kent, George O., 60 Education Act of 1965 Kenya, copyright, 122 Legislative Liaison Officer, v King, Gilbert W.,i? Legislative Reference Service : appropriations, 19, Knight, John, gift fund, 170 158-1 60 ; history, 49 ; officers, vi ; personnel, 23, Korb, Alfred, viii 50, 178 ; purchases, 134; report, 49-58; services, Korean materials: acquisitions, 63, 135: union 2, 49-58; space changes, 85; use of computer, catalog, 144 18, 90 Korson, George, 72 Leland, Waldo Gifford, xi, 10 Korson, Mrs. Rae, ix Lent, Ernest S., vi Koussevitzky (Serge) Music Foundation, 164 Leopold, Richard W., 10 Krogh, Elva L., vii Levin, Harold H., 122 Kuiper, John B., ix Librarian, Office of the: employment statistics, Kupferman, Representative Theodore, 100 178; officers, v; space changes, 85 Kuroda, Andrew Y., ix Librarian of Congress, v, xv, 20, 29; chairman of Kuttner, Stephan George, xi Federal Library Committee, 23; chairman of Holmes Devise, x, 22; secretary of Trust Fund Board, iv,. 13 1 ;testimony on copyright law, 101 Librarian's Liaison Committees: for Science and LRS h,fultilithed Reports, 55 Technology, xii; of Humanists and Social Sci- LabeIing statistics, 140, 145 entists, xii; of Librarians, xii, 22 LaFollette, Senator Robert M., 49 Libraries: adviscrs to foreign manuscript copying LaHood, Charles G., Jr., ix, 73 program, 9; conference on shared cataloging, 29; Land, Robert H., viii distribution of LC catalog cards, 147, 152; ex- Landau, Jacob, 13 changes, 38, 63; Federal Library Committee, 22 ; Lange, Dorothea, 16 for the blind, 20; in Documents Expediting Proj- La Prensa, microfilming, 92 ect, 38; in MARC project, 17; loans to, by LC, Latin America: acquisitions, 33, 37 ; funds for pro- 69; P.L. 480 acquisitions, 36; shared catalog- grams, 166, 170 ; microfilming of La Prensa, 92 ; ing, 33 publications concerning. 7 1 Library of Congress Catalog-Rooks: Subjects, 45, Latin America; a Guide to the Historical Litera- 168; sales, 147, 151 ture, 72 Library of Congress Classification-Additions and Latin America in Soviet Writings, 7 1 Changes, sales, 15 1 Latin American Cooperative Acquisitions Project, Library Services Division (LRS ) 51, 56 ;officers, vi 3 7 , Lichtenstein, exchanges, 38 Latin American History, Conference on, 166 Lichtenwanger, William, ix Law Library: acquisitions, 78, 79, 134, 136; ap- Lincoln, Abraham, scrapbook of debates with Dous- propriations, 19, 37, 158, 160 ; bibliographies, 2 ; las, 176; see also Alfred Whital Stern Collection Capitol Branch, 77, 154; card catalogs, 142, of Lincolniana 143. 145; classification schedule, 25, 43, 79-8 1 ; Lindberg (Otto G.) Foundation, 62, 172 employment statistics, 178; gift fund, 170; offi- Lindbergh, Charles A., xi cers, vi; organization of the collections, 80, 81 ; Lipscomb, Representative Glenard P., iv, 85 processing activities, 80, 142, 143, 145 ; publi- List of Three-Dimensional Maps, 72 cations prepared by, 23, 77 : reader and reference Literary programs;.see Readings and lectures services, 81, 154; report, 77-82; status of col- Literary Recordings, 69 lections, 8 1 Livingston, Helen E., vi Lar~tsand Regulations Affecting the Operation of Loan Division, 56,68,69, 154; officers, ix Federtcl Libraries, 23 Lockwood, Sharon B., 63,69 Lazerow, Samuel, vii, viii Loeb Fund, 134 Leavitt, Donald, ix Loeffler, Elise Fay, bequest, 172 INDEX

Loewe, Frederick, autograph score, 62 Massachusetts Historical Society, 9 Longworth (Nicholas) Foundation, 131, 164 Mayer, Gretel, vii, 4 Lorenz, John G., v, 94,101 Mays, David J., 82 Louchheim, Mr. and Mrs. Walter C., Jr., gift fund, Mearns, David C., ix, 44, 172 60, 172 Medical Assistance Program, 54 Luce, Clare Boothe, papers, 172 Medicare Amendment of 1965,53 Luce, Henry R., gift fund, 172 Metz, Mrs. Jean B., vii Luxembourg, exchanges, 38 Mexico, acquisitions from, 64 Microfilm Reading Room, 68,8 1 Microfilming Clearing House Bulletin, 65 MARC Project, 17,90, 168 Microfilms and microfilming: bills and resolutions MacBeth, George, 7 of Congress, 91 ; cooperative projects, 64, 71, McCabe, Charles E., ix 92; copyright records, 100; exchanges, 9, 38; McCannon, Mrs. Marjorie G., vi gift funds, 168, 170, 172 ; legal materials, 81 MacConomy, Edward N., viii master microforms, 46; newspapers, 36, 67, 92, McCormick, Adoreen M., v 133; Orientalia, 65, 71, 92, 168; Presidential Papers Program, 19, 72, 91; register of micro- MacDowell, Edward, 67 McEwan, James G., vi forms, 46, 168; statistics, 1, 133, 145, 153; trust MrFarland, Marvin W., ix and gift files, 91 ;see also Center for the Coordi- McCowan, Frank M., vii, 35 nation of Foreign Manuscript Copying Machine Readable Catalog Project; see MARC Milhollen, Hirst D., ix Miller, Dayton C., collection, 43, 134; funds, 164 Project Miller, Representative George P., 100 McKelway, Benjamin Mosby, iv, 131 McKenna, Frank E., xii Mohrhardt, Foster E., xii MacLeish, Archibald, papers, 172 Monaco, exchanges, 38 McMillan. Representative John L., 88 Monagan, Representative John S., 8 Monroney, Representative A. S. Mike, 49 Macrobius, Aurelius Theodosius, 65 Madagascar and Adjaceni Islands; a Guide to Of- Monthly Checklist of State Publications, 38 ficial Publications, 69 Montserrat : copyright, 122 ; exchanges, 38 Maddox, Jerald Curtis, ix Monthly Index of Russian Accessions, 18, 19, 41 Magnuson, Senator Warren G., 100 Moore, Alvin, Jr., vii, 35 Maheux, Roland C., x Moore, Waldo H., vi Main Reading Room, 68,83,85 Morris, Gouverneur, 92 Malawi, copyright, 122 Morrisey, Mrs. Marlene D., v Manuscript Division, 67, 91 ;officers, ix; reader and Morsch, Lucile M., vii, 23,42, 68 reference services, 72, 154; statistics of collections, Motion Picture Section (P&P), 7; head, ix 1;see also Center for the Coordination of Foreign Motion pictures: acquisitions, 1, 38, 62, 65, 133, Manuscript Copying 134; cataloging, 139; copyright cases, 105, 106, Manuscripts: acquisitions, 1, 13, 38, 62, 98, 133; 115, 116, 121 ; copyright registrations and de- cataloging, 139, 143 ; exhibits, 13, 180; purchase posits, 125-127; gifts, 62; nitrate film, 65, 66; funds, 172; restoration and repair, 48, 66, 146; preservation, 19, 65, 66, 74, 134, 158, 160, 178 see also National Union Catalog of Manuscript Motion Pictures and Filnrstrips, 45, 147, 151 Collections; and Presidents of the United States Mott, Mrs. Kelsey M., 122 Map Processing Committee, 68 Mumford, L. Quincy, v, 29, 94; see also Librarian Maps: acquisitions, 1, 172 ; copyright registrations of Congress and deposits, 125-1 27 ; exhibit, 13 ; preservation Mumford, Luther H., vi and repair, 48, 66, 146; see also Geography and Map Division Mundt, Senator Karl E., 85 Marley, S. Branson, Jr., viii Murdock, James O., 79 Marton, Mary, vii Murphy, John C., v Marwick,. Lawrence, ix Murra, Mrs. Katherine O., viii Marx, Groucho, personal papers, 62 Museum of Modem Art, 16,38 I Music: acquisitions, 1, 13, 62, 133; braille scores Nevis, exchanges, 38 I

I gift funds, 60-62, 64, 72, 1E Music and Phonorecords, 45; sales, 147, 151 additions and total, 1, 133 ;microfilms and micro- Music Division: officers, ix; organization of the col- filming, 1, 36,67, 92, 133 ;Orientalia, 67,92, 174 lections, 67; reader and reference services, 72, 154 Newspapers of East Central and Southeastern Eu- Muskie, Senator Edmund S., 85 rope in the Library of Congress, 1 1,71 Myers, William C., v Nichols, Roy F., 10 Nipe, Merlin H., vi N Nolan, John Lester, viii Norway: exchanges, 38,63 ;shard cataloging, 4, 33 National Agricultural Library, 28 National Archives and Records Service, 82 0 National Broadcasting Company, gift fund, 134, 172 National Center for Educational Statistics, 23 Obear, Legare H. B., ix National Directory of Latin Americanists, 7 1 Oberlaender Trust, gift fund, 172 National Library for the Blind, Inc., 164 Oceanography, legislation, 55 National Library of Medicine, 28, 45; catalog, 45, Ogden, Robert F., ix, xi 147, 151, 172 Oliver Wendell Holmes Devise, Permanent Com- National Referral Center for Science and Technol- mittee, x, 22 ogy, 70 ;officers,ix ;purchase statistics, 134 Olson, William C., vi National Register of Microform Masters, 11, 46, 73, Order Division, 37; officers, viii ; operations statis- 92, 151, 168 tics, 136; relocation, 37,85 National Science Foundation, 18, 158 Organization chart, xiii National Program for Acquisitions and Cataloging, Organization of the collections: coordinator, v'ii, 2-6, 25-34, 37, 41 ; appropriations, 18, 19, 27, 62; Law Library, 79, 80; Reference Department, I National Union Catalog, 27,42,45,69, 144 Orientalia: acquisitions, 35, 36, 63, 135, 170; National Union Catalog: A Cumulatice Author catalogs, 143, 144; exhibits, 180 ; law and Iegal List, 45: sales, 147, 151 :gift fund, 172 materials, 81; microfilms and microfilming, 65, National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections, 71, 92, 168'; newspapers, 67, 92, 174; see also 144, 168 South and Southeast Asia National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections, Orientalia Division, 23, 92; officers, ix; reader and 40 ; funds, 172 ;sales, 147, 15 1 reference services, 154 ;relocation, 85 National Union Catalog-Register of Additional Osteen, Mrs. Cicily, vi Locations, 1 1, 40 Overseas Programs, Coordinator, vii, 33 Natural Resources Division (LRS),5 1 ; chief, vii Naval Historical Foundation, 67, 172 Navy Yard Annex, 85 Packard, William, 6 1 Near East : acquisitions, 35, 36, 63, 135, 170 ;union Pakistan: acquisitions, 36, 64; P.L. 480 Project, 5, catalog, 144 35,36,64, 170 Near East Section (Orien), head, ix Pariseau, Earl J., vii, viii Near Eastern and African Law Division, 81 ;chief, Parnas, Leslie, 8 vi Payroll Office, 89 Nemerov, Howard, xi Peck, Gregory, 6, 7, 73 Nepal, P.L. 480 Project, 35,36, 64 Pell, Senator Claiborne, iv Netherlands, exchanges, 38 Pennell Fund, 64 ;committee, x ;purchases, 63, 134, Nevada, the Centennial of Statehood, I(! 164 Nevins, Allan, 10 Periodical read in^ Room, 73 Perreault, George R., v Public Law 480 Propam, 5, 30, 33-36; acquisi- Perry, George E., x tions, 25, 36, 63, 64, 134; appropriations, 19, Personnel: officers of the Library, v-x; statistics, 158-160 ; employment statistics, 178 ; gift fund, 23, 178 170;microfilming of newspapers, 67, 92 ;officers, Personnel Office: Director of, v; employment statis- vii tics, 178 Public Reference Section (GR&B): officers, viii; Pertzoff, Peter A., vii services, 69 Phelps, Merwin C., vi Publications of the Library: awards, 10; gift funds, Photoduplication Service, 66; officers, v; operations 172, 174; list, 182-187; sales, 47, 147-151, 174; statistics, 153; report, 91-93; service fees, 134, see also Accessions lists; and Bibliographies 174 Publications Office, employment statistics, 178 Piacenza, Louis, 82 Publications Officer, v Pierce, Norman A., vi Publishers' Weekly, quoted, 96 Pittsburgh, University of, gift fund, 172 Pughe, George A., Jr., viii Poetry: consultants, xi, 7, 61, 74; gift funds, 162, Purchase of books for the general collections, 37, 164, 166, 174; readings and lectures, 7, 6 1, 188 ; 134, 136, 158, 160 recordings, 64, 166 Poff, Representative Richard H., 94, 95 Poland: P.L. 480 Program, 5, 19; shared catalog- Quarterly Journal of the Library of Congress, xv, 9, ing, 5 10,38 Poleman, Horace I., ix, 23 Pooley, Beverly J., 82 R Poor, Alfred Easton, 2 1, 86 Racine, Jean Baptiste, 6 1 Porter, Katherine Anne, xi, 8,61 Radio Corporation of America, 47 Porter (Henry Kirke) Memorial Fund, 164 Railroad Songs and Ballads, 72 Portner, Mrs. Mildred C., v Randolph, Senator Jennings, 88 Portugal, copyright, 3 7 Ransom, Harry H., x, 22 Pozzatti, Rudy, 13, 61 Rare Book Division: chief, ix; exhibits, 180 ;reader Preminger, Otto, 105 and reference services, 73, 154 Preservation and care of the collections, 47, 48, The Rare Book Diuision: a Guide to Its Collections 65, 87, 92, 145, 146; see also Microfilms and and Services, 10 microfilming; and Motion pictures Rare books: Bay Psalm Book, 8, 62; exhibits, 13, Presidential Papers Section (Mss) , 89 180;preservation and repair, 146; purchase fund, Presidents of the United States, papers, organizing 170 and microfilming, 19, 72, 89, 91, 158, 160, 178; Rather, John C., vii see also White House; and names of Presidents Reader and reference services : Copyrdght Office, Prints and photographs: acquisitions, 1, 13, 62, 97; Law Library, 81, 154; Legislative Reference 133; copyright registrations and deposits, 125- Sewice, 2, 49-58 ;Processing Department, 2, 154 ; 127;exhibits, 12-1 6, 6 1 ;funds, 62-64, 162, 164, Reference Department, 1, 2, 56, 68-74, 132, 154; 170, 172, 174; preservation and repair, 146 statistics, 1, 2, 154 Prints and Photographs Division : officers, ix ;reader Readings and lectures : poetry, 7, 8, 6 1, 132 ;funds, and reference sen~ices,73, 154 162, 164 ;list, 188 ;recordings, 64 Process Information File, 45 Recorded Sound Section (Mus), 67; head, ix Recording Laboratory: chief engineer, ix; fund, Processing Department: acquisition activities, 25- 174; statistics, 156 39, 62, 63, 136, 137 ; officers, vii; personnel, 23, Recordings: acquisitions, 1, 38, 64, 133; catalog 178;publications, 2, 39-46 ;reader and reference cards, 47 ;music, 64 ;poetry, 64, 166 ;production services, 2, 154; report, 25-48; see also Catalog and sales, 156, 166, 168, 174; tapes of concerts, cards; Cataloging; National Program for Ac- readings, and lectures, 61, 172; see also Talking quisitions and Cataloging; and Public Law 480 books Program Reed, Daniel J., ix Protective Services, Office of, v, 87 Rees, Representative Thomas M., 100 INDEX

Reference and Library Services Section (Sci), head, Schoolcraft, Henry R., 92 ix Schreiber, Sidney, 122 Reference Department: acquisitions activities, 62, Schwegrnann, George A., Jr., viii 136; employment statistics, 178 ; officers, viii ; Science and Technology Division, 90; officers, ix; organization and maintenance of the collections, organization of the collections, 68; reader and 65-68, 145; personnel changes, 23; reader and reference services, 70, 154 ; relocation, 85 reference services, 1, 2, 56, 68-74, 132, 154; Science Policy Research Division (LRS), 51, 54; report, 59-76; services to Congress, 56, 69, 71, chief, vii 72 ; space needs and changes, 59,85 Scientific and technical materials: organization Reference Division (Cop), 97, 99; officers, vi and maintenance, 68; reference services, 54, 55, Resister of Copyrights, v, 19, 101, 122; actions 70; see also National Referral Center for Sci- against, 102 ; report, 95-1 28 ; see also Copyright ence and Technology Office Scott, Senator Hugh, ivy85 Reining, Conrad C., viii Secretary of the Library, v; report, 90 Renstrom, Arthur G., ix Secrist, John, 67 Revolutionary War, materials relating to, 13 Seitz, Frederick, xii, 10 The Rhodesias and Nyasaland; a Guide to Official Senate Office Building Commission, :! 1,85 Publications, 69 Senior Specialists Division (LRS), 5i, 54 ; chief, Ribble, Frederick D. G., x, 22 vii Rice, Elmer, xi Serial Division, 66, 92; acquisitions survey, 65; Richards, Grant, papers, 62 officers, ix; reader and reference sc:rvires. 72, 73, Rickover, Adm. Hyman C., copyright case, 102 154 Ringer, Barbara A., v, vi, 94 Serial Record Division, 44; 136; officers, viii Ristow, Walter W., viii Service Division (Cop), 97 : officers, vi Roberts, Margaret A., bequest, 164 Scvern, James A., Jr., v Rockcfeller Foundation, gift fund, 36, 92, 172 Shared Cataloging Division, 33; officers, viii Rodgers, Richard, 14 Shared Cataloging Program; see National Program Rogers, Joseph W., vi for Acquisitions and Catalogii:~ Rogers, Rutherford D., xii Shaw, George Bernard, 61 Rohlf, Robert H., v, 2 1,86 Shelflists and shelflisting: produced by IBM Roosevelt, Franklin D., 62; letters, 13 format, 67 ; statistics, 140, 145 Rosenwald (Lessing J.) Collection, 13, 73 Shelton, Jesse M., 2 1,86 Rossiter, William W., v Shepley, Ethan A. H., x, 22 Rowman & Littlefield, Inc., gift fund, 172 Shoe String Press, Inc., gift fund, 172 Rudd, Benjamin W., 98 Shirley, Robert V., vi Rumania, shared cataloging, 5 Siegfried, William P., v, 23 Russian language materials ; see Slavica Skipper, James E., xii Russian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church, archives, Slavic and Central European Division : officers, x ; 160 reader and reference services, 7 1, 154 Slavica: acquisitions, 162; Monthly Index of Russian Accessions, 18, 19, 41 ; union catalog, St. Kitts, exchanges, 38 42, 144 St. Lucia, copyright, 122 Smith, George E., vii Salmon, Stephen R., vii Smith, Henry P., III,94 San Marino, exchanges, 38 Smith, Representative Howard W., 86 Sanborn, Herbert J., v Smith, Myron B., xi Sarle, Rodney G., vii Smith, William Jay, 7, 61 Sayre, Francis Bowes, register of papers, 72 Smithsonian Institution : International Exchange Schaaf, Robert W., viii Service, 3 7 ; Traveling Exhibition Service, 13, 16 Schaefer, Victor A., vii, 33 Smits, Rudolf, vii Schlesinger, .4rthur Meier, xi Snyder, Samuel S., v Schoenberg, Arnold, 64 Sobiloff, Hyman J., gift fund, 174 INDEX

Social Science Research Council, gift funds, 67, Supplementary Report of the Register of Copyrights 174 on the General Revision of the US. Copyright Social Security Amendment of 1965,53 Law, 98,103 Songs and Ballads of the Bituminous Miners, 72 Supreme Court, history of, 22 Sonneck, Oscar G., gift funds, 164, 166, 174 Surplus Book Disposal Project, 174 Sourian, Edward, 79 Sutherland, Arthur E., 22 South and Southeast Asia: acquisitions, 135; or- Swanke, Albert Homer, 86 ganization of collections, 67; subject catalog, 71 ; Swanson, Don R., xii union catalogs, 144 Sweden, exchanges, 63 South Asia Section (Orien), head, ix Symbols Used in the National Union Catalog, 46 South Carolina, Civil War photographs, 62 Soviet Image of Latin America Since 1945, 72 Sowerby, E. Millicent, 73 Talking Book Topics, 76 Spain, exchanges, 38 Talking books, 1, 75, 157; sec also Blind, services to Spalding, C. Sumner, vii, 43 Tames, George, negatives, 62 Spanish Government Publications, 73 Tandy, Jessica, personal papers, 62 Sparks, David E., ix Tansill, William R., vi Special Bibliographies Section (Sci), head, ix Telephone Pioneers of America, 75 Spender, Stephen, xi, 6, 7, 61,64, 74 Tenzer, Representative Herbert, 94 Spillers, Roy H., v Thaxter, John H., ix Spivacke, Harold, ix Thomas, Deborah, gift, 131 Stack and Reader Division, 65, 90; management Thompson, Alleen, xii survey, 59; officers, x; services, 68, 154 Thompson, Representative Frank, Jr., iv Staggers, Representative Harley O., 88, 10 1 Thyberg, Margaret, gift, 131 State, Department of, 37 Time, Inc., gift fund, 174 State materials, acquisitions, 38, 135 Titus, Mrs. Edna Brown, vii, 11, 39, 40 State open-housing laws, report, 53 Toomey, Mrs. Alice F., vii Stearns, John F., ix Trampler, Walter, 8 Stein, Harry N., vi Transferred funds, 160, 161, 178 Steinbeck, John, xi Treasury, U.S.: fees and other receipts returned to, Stern, Alfred Whital, gift funds, 131, 134, 164, 2, 47, 89; funds deposited in, 88, 131, 161, 176 Truman, Harry S., letters, 13 166, 174 Trust Fund Board: members, iv; report, 13 1 Stewart, David C., 7, 73 Tsuneishi, Warren M., ix Stewart, Lena J.,vii Turgeon, Lawrence J., 82 Still, William Grant, autograph manuscript, 62 Turkey, acquisitions from, 79 Stillson, Albert C., viii 20th National Exhibition of Prints, 13, 61 Stonehill, Ben, gift, 64 Stovall, Floyd, xi Stradivari String Instruments Collection, 8, 164 Union Catalog Division, 45; officers, viii Strauss, William S., vi Union catalogs, 45, 69, 144; see also National Stravinsky, Igor, 14 Union Catalog; and National Union Catalog of Stritman, Harry R., vii, 36 Manuscript Collections Stummvoll, Josef, 4,5 Union List of Latin American Newspapers, 72 Subject Cataloging Division, 12, 43, 44; officers, Union List of Serials in Libraries of the United States and Canada, 11, 25, 39; funds, 174 viii ;statistics, 140-142 Union of Soviet Socialist Republics: conference on Subject Headings Used in the Dictionary Catalogs shared cataloging, 5; exchange programs, 9, 63; of the Library of Congress, 12, 43, 151 materials relating to history of, 72; microfilm- Sullivan, Robert C., v ing projects in, 9; weather modification research, Superintendent of Documents (GPO), 47 ;deposits 70 in LC, 135 United Aircraft Corporate Systems Center, 16 204 INDEX I I United Arab Republic : acquisitions, 36 ; ncwspaper White House: exhibit rclating to, 16; committee microfilming project, 36; P.L. 480 Project, 5, on library, 44 35, 36, 170 White House Ncws Photographcrs' Association, cx- U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 23 hibit, 14 U.S. Information Agency, 16 Whitchill, Walter Muir, xii Universal Copyright Convention, 122-1 25 Whitman, Walt, quoted, 83 University libraries; see Libraries Whittall, Mrs. Gcrtrudc Clarke, 8; special gift fund, Univcrsity Microfilms, Inc., 40, 174 174; see nlso entries beginning Gertrude Clarkc Urlivcrsity of Michigan Professional 'I'hcatrc Pro- Whittall gram, 61 Whittcmore, Reed, xi Untcrmcycr, Louis, xi Wilbur (James B.) Fund, 64, 68, 134, 166 Uruguay, ratification of Brusscls Conventions, 37 Wilder, Totii V., vii Willard, Jcss, 65 Willinger, Elfricdc, 4 Wilson, Mrs. Ida F.,v Vallanct*, Williatll Roy, 79 Wilson (I-I. W.) Company, 1 1, 25, 39 Van Iltircrr, Mnrtiri, letters, 62 Winklcr, Paul W., viii Viltl Sindcrcn, Mrs, Adriiln, 8, 62 Winter, I-I;~rvcyJ., 122 Van Sindcrcn, Alfred, Il Wisdoni, Donald I:., ix Viltican City, rxchangcs, 98 Withcrcll, Juli;ln W., viii, 33, 63,69 Venc~zucla,copyrigllt , 37, 11'2 Witt, Cli~rcnccE., v Vosl)cr, Robcrt, xii Woocl, Jcnnings, viii Voznrsrnsky, Andrci, 6, 7,61, 7 1 Woods, Bill M., xii World Confcrcncc on World Pcacc Through Law, 8 2 Walkcr, Audrey A., 69 IYorld List of Future Internntionol Mccling~,69 Wnlkcr, Burnis, vi World War I, cxhibit relating to, 13 Wallace, Sarah L., v M'orld War 11, cxhibit rclating to, 13 Walsh, Ulysscs, gifts, 64 Wright, Louis B., sii Walsh, William T., Jr., viii Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, 70 Waltcr, Alpheus L., vii Wu, K. T., ix Warren, Earl, 14 Y Warren, Robert Pcnn, xi Washington Document Center, 7 1 Yabroff, Arthur, v Waterman, Alan T., xii Yakobson, Sergius, x, 63 Yang, Key P., 63 Waters, Edward N., is Youmans. Vincent, autograph manuscript, 62 Wcather modification : bibliography of rcscarch in Yugoslavia : copyright, 122; extension of P.L. 480 USSR, 70; report, 54 Program to, 5, 19; printmaking exhibit, 63; Wechslcr, Herbert, x, 22 shared cataloging, 5 Weigand, Hermann, 10 z Welsh, William J., vii, 29 Wenk, Edward, Jr., vii Zapf, Hcrmann, 7 West, Billy, 74 Zcmskov, Igor, 9 Wcstby, Barbara M., vii, 33 Zeydcl, Walter H., vi

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1967 0--239-386