Commuting Patterns for the Village of Waunakee
Matt Kures Community Development Specialist Center for Community and Economic Development University of Wisconsin‐Extension
A U.S. Department of Commerce Economic Development Administration University Center Imbalance of Jobs and Residents ‐ Waunakee as a Place of Residence vs. Waunakee as a Place of Employment 8,000 Number of People Working in Waunakee 7,000 Number of Workers Residing in Waunakee 6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000 Number of workers
2,000
1,000
0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Data Source: U.S. Census Bureau OnTheMap LODES Data Worker Flow by Place – Village of Waunakee (2015)
Employees Working in Village of Waunakee Employees Residing in Village of Waunakee Place of Residence (n = 4,098) Place of Employment (n = 7,159) Place (County) Count Share Place (County) Count Share Waunakee village (Dane) 781 19.1% Madison city (Dane) 3,094 43.2% Madison city (Dane) 746 18.2% Waunakee village (Dane) 781 10.9% Sun Prairie city (Dane) 187 4.6% Middleton city (Dane) 537 7.5% DeForest village (Dane) 132 3.2% Westport town (Dane) 355 5.0% Windsor village (Dane) 113 2.8% Sun Prairie city (Dane) 161 2.2% Middleton city (Dane) 111 2.7% De Forest village (Dane) 121 1.7% Westport town (Dane) 107 2.6% Milwaukee city (Milwaukee) 121 1.7% Fitchburg city (Dane) 49 1.2% Madison town (Dane) 119 1.7% Springfield town (Dane) 49 1.2% Fitchburg city (Dane) 106 1.5% Lodi town (Columbia) 43 1.0% Monona city (Dane) 85 1.2% All Other Locations 1,780 43.4% All Other Locations 1,679 23.5%
Data Source: U.S. Census Bureau OnTheMap LODES Data Worker Flow by County – Village of Waunakee (2015)
Employees Working in Village of Waunakee Employees Residing in Village of Waunakee County of Residence (n = 4,098) County of Employment (n = 7,159) Place (County) Count Share Place (County) Count Share Dane County, WI 2,878 70.2% Dane County, WI 5,848 81.7% Columbia County, WI 272 6.6% Milwaukee County, WI 215 3.0% Sauk County, WI 144 3.5% Waukesha County, WI 139 1.9% Rock County, WI 57 1.4% Columbia County, WI 136 1.9% Milwaukee County, WI 56 1.4% Sauk County, WI 125 1.7% Dodge County, WI 49 1.2% Rock County, WI 69 1.0% Walworth County, WI 43 1.0% Outagamie County, WI 44 0.6% Green County, WI 42 1.0% Brown County, WI 35 0.5% Iowa County, WI 40 1.0% Jefferson County, WI 35 0.5% Waukesha County, WI 38 0.9% Winnebago County, WI 34 0.5% All Other Locations 479 11.7% All Other Locations 479 6.7%
Data Source: U.S. Census Bureau OnTheMap LODES Data Waunakee Residents – Place of Employment Trends Percent of Employed Residents 2002 to 2015 60.0% Work in Waunakee Work in Madison 50.0% Work Elsewhere
40.0%
30.0%
20.0%
Share of Waunakee Residents who are Employed 10.0%
0.0% 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Data Source: U.S. Census Bureau OnTheMap LODES Data Workers who are Employed in Waunakee ‐ Place of Residence Trends (Percent of Workers 2002 to 2015) 80.0%
70.0%
60.0%
50.0% Live in Waunakee
Live in Madison 40.0% Live Elsewhere
30.0%
Share of Workers who are Employed in Waunakee 20.0%
10.0%
0.0% 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Data Source: U.S. Census Bureau OnTheMap LODES Data Joint Residential‐Employment Location Decisions
Commuters jointly select their residential locations and workplaces in a manner that maximizes the positive benefits to his or her household.
Considerations include:
• Housing/Costs Characteristics;
• Quality of Life (Natural or cultural amenities, school quality, social connections, etc.);
• Dual income households;
• Probability of finding employment;
• Wage differentials;
• Demographics;
• Travel costs (time and direct costs). Mean Travel Time to Work for Selected Dane County Communities Cottage Grove town 28.4 Mount Horeb village 25.2 Stoughton city 25.1 Dunn town 24.6 Windsor village 24.2 Verona city 23.8 Waunakee village 23.4 Westport town 23.4 DeForest village 23.3 Oregon village 22.9 Fitchburg city 21.2 Cottage Grove village 20.9 Monona city 20.7 Middleton city 20.4 Middleton town 20.4 Sun Prairie city 20.1 McFarland village 20.0 Madison town 19.8 Madison city 19.2 Cross Plains village 19.1 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 Minutes Mean Travel Time to Work for 20 Largest Metro Areas
New York‐Newark‐Jersey City, NY‐NJ‐PA 35.9 Washington‐Arlington‐Alexandria, DC‐VA‐MD‐WV 34.4 San Francisco‐Oakland‐Hayward, CA 32.1 Riverside‐San Bernardino‐Ontario, CA 31.8 Chicago‐Naperville‐Elgin, IL‐IN‐WI 31.3 Atlanta‐Sandy Springs‐Roswell, GA 31.0 Boston‐Cambridge‐Newton, MA‐NH 30.6 Baltimore‐Columbia‐Towson, MD 30.5 Seattle‐Tacoma‐Bellevue, WA 29.6 Los Angeles‐Long Beach‐Anaheim, CA 29.6 Houston‐The Woodlands‐Sugar Land, TX 29.5 Philadelphia‐Camden‐Wilmington, PA‐NJ‐DE‐MD 29.2 Miami‐Fort Lauderdale‐West Palm Beach, FL 28.5 Dallas‐Fort Worth‐Arlington, TX 27.8 Denver‐Aurora‐Lakewood, CO 27.3 Detroit‐Warren‐Dearborn, MI 26.7 Phoenix‐Mesa‐Scottsdale, AZ 26.0 St. Louis, MO‐IL 25.5 San Diego‐Carlsbad, CA 25.3 Minneapolis‐St. Paul‐Bloomington, MN‐WI 25.2 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 Minutes Imbalance in Monthly Earnings – People Living in Waunakee vs. People Working in Waunakee 60.0%
People Living in Waunakee 52.3% 50.0% People Working in Waunakee 40.9% 40.0% 33.7%
30.0% 25.4% 25.4% 22.3% 20.0%
10.0%
0.0% $1,250 per month or less $1,251 to $3,333 per month More than $3,333 per month
Data Source: U.S. Census Bureau OnTheMap LODES Data Industry of Employment – People Living in Waunakee vs. People Working in Waunakee Health Care and Social Assistance Educational Services Retail Trade Manufacturing Hospitality Finance, Insurance and Real Estate Public Administration Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services Construction Admin., Waste Mgmt &Remediation Wholesale Trade Management of Companies and Enterprises Other Services Information Transportation and Warehousing Working in Waunakee Agriculture and Natural Resources Living in Waunakee Utilities
0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0% Data Source: U.S. Census Bureau OnTheMap LODES Data Examples of Quality of Life Considerations
Life at Home ‐ Housing Life at Leisure
• Shelter for the Homeless • Variety of Leisure Activities
• Home Owners and Renters • Support for the Arts
• Fair Market Rent • Performing Arts
• Number of Housing Units • Museums and Gallery Opportunities
• Age of Housing Stock • Library Programs
• The Cost of a Home • City and County Parks
• Residential Building Permits • Leisure License Sales
• Affordable access to high speed Internet • Number of Third Spaces
Life at School Life at Home ‐ Children and Families
• Third Grade Reading Comprehension • Residents Living in Poverty
• High School Graduation Rate • Unmet Basic Needs
• American College Test (ACT) • Hunger
• Post Secondary Education • Free and Reduced‐Price School Lunches
• Extra‐and Co‐curricular Activities • Family Structure
• Habitual Truancy • Childcare
• School District Expenditures • Senior Living Arrangements
• Adult life learning opportunities • Retirement Activities
• Nutrition
• Health Care Availability Examples of Quality of Life Considerations
Life in our Natural Environment Life Together ‐ Public Safety
• Ambient Air Quality • Perception of Public Safety
• Water Quality & Quantity • Alcohol and Drug Arrests
• Soil Erosion • Property Crime
• Solid Waste • Violent Crime
• Preservation of ag lands • Proportion of Solved Crimes
• Preservation and maintenance of • Probation and Parole environmental corridors • Emergency Preparedness
Life Together ‐ Civics and Diversity Life on the Road • Population Growth • Commute Time to Work • Demographics • Direct flights • Voter Participation • Mass transit options • Political Races • Transportation investments • Civil Rights/Discrimination • Traffic congestion/traffic counts • Cultural Diversity • Traffic Crashes • Volunteerism • Bike/ped options/trails
• Senior/accessible transit options 4‐year Graduation Rate – Top 15 High Schools in Dane County
Wisconsin Heights High 98.2% Deerfield High 98.1% Oregon High 97.2% Sun Prairie High 96.8% Stoughton High 96.6% Belleville High 96.5% De Forest High 96.3% Waunakee High 96.3% Cambridge High 95.0% Exploration Academy 95.0% Verona Area High 95.0% Mount Horeb High 94.4% McFarland High 93.8% Middleton High 93.4% West High 93.3%
90.0% 91.0% 92.0% 93.0% 94.0% 95.0% 96.0% 97.0% 98.0% 99.0% Data Source: Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction In‐Commuters to Waunakee – Percent of Total by Age Group 70.0%
60.0%
50.0% Workers Aged 29 or younger
40.0% Workers Aged 30 to 54
Workers Aged 55 or older 30.0%
20.0%
10.0%
0.0% 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Data Source: U.S. Census Bureau OnTheMap LODES Data and Author’s Calculations Share of People Working in Waunakee Traveling More than 50 Miles Each Way (Stretch Commuters) 16.0%
14.0%
12.0%
10.0%
8.0%
6.0%
4.0%
2.0%
0.0% 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Data Source: U.S. Census Bureau OnTheMap LODES Data and Author’s Calculations Change in Upper Midwest Stretch Commuting – 2002 to 2014 5,000,000 18.0%
4,500,000 16.0% 14.1% 4,000,000 14.0%
3,500,000 3.86 million 11.0% 12.0% 3,000,000 10.0% 2.92 million 2,500,000 8.0% 2,000,000 6.0% 1,500,000 Number of Stretch Commuters Total Stretch Commuters 4.0% 1,000,000 Stretch Commuters as a Share of Primary 500,000 Employment 2.0% Stretch Commuters as a Share of Primary Employment
‐ 0.0% 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Stretch Commuters as a Share of All Percent Change in Workers by Age Workers by Age Group Group Since 2002 ‐ Stretch vs. Non‐ Stretch Commuters 20.0% 120.0%
18.0% 100.0% 16.0% 80.0% 14.0% 60.0% 12.0% 10.0% 40.0%
8.0% 20.0% 6.0% 0.0% 4.0% Percent Change Since 2002
Stretch Commuters (% of Total) ‐20.0% 2.0% 0.0% ‐40.0% 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Age 29 or Younger (Stretch Commuters) Age 29 or Younger Age 29 or Younger (Non Stretch Commuters) Age 30 to 54 Age 55 or Older (Stretch Commuters) Age 55 or Older Age 55 or Older (Non Stretch Commuters) Percent Change in Workers by Stretch Commuters as a Share of All Earnings Since 2002 ‐ Stretch vs. Non Workers by Monthly Earnings Stretch Commuters 22.0% 100.0% 20.0% 18.0% 75.0% 16.0% 14.0% 50.0% 12.0% 25.0% 10.0% 8.0% 0.0% 6.0%
4.0% Percent Change Since 2002
Stretch Commuters (% of Total) ‐25.0% 2.0% 0.0% ‐50.0% 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
$1250/month or less $1250/month or less (Stretch Commuters) $1250/month or less (Non Stretch Commuters) $1251 to $3,333/month Greater than $3,333/month (Stretch Commuters) Greater than $3,333/month Greater than $3,333/month (Non Stretch Commuters) Mobility Rates 1950 to 2015 Percent of United States Population Moving (Age 1 and Over) 25% All Movers Moving within Same county Moving to Different County in Same State Moving to Different State 20% Movers from abroad
15%
10% Percent of Population Age 1 and Over 5%
0%
Source: US Census Bureau Current Population Survey Inter‐State and Inter‐County Mobility 1950 to 2015 Percent of United States Population Moving Across State Lines (Age 1 and Over) 4.0% Census Bureau notes that caution should be used in comparing the 3.5% 2000 to 2006 period to other years.
3.0%
2.5%
2.0%
Change in CPS imputation 1.5% procedure explains 90% of the drop from 2005 to 2006*
Percent of Population Age 1 and Over 1.0%
Moving to Different State 0.5%
Moving to Different County in Same State 0.0%
Source: US Census Bureau Current Population Survey *Kaplan and Schulhofer‐Wohl, 2012 Contact Information
Matt Kures University of Wisconsin‐Extension Center for Community & Economic Development
www.uwex.edu/ces/cced @uwexcced
610 Langdon Street, Room 328, Madison, WI 53703 Phone 608‐265‐8258 [email protected]