Måske Findes Håbet Kun I Rejsen, Siger Columbus I Ridley Scottsfilm, Men Rejsen Ender Hos Scott Oftest I Skepsis Overfor Den Vestlige Civilisation

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Måske Findes Håbet Kun I Rejsen, Siger Columbus I Ridley Scottsfilm, Men Rejsen Ender Hos Scott Oftest I Skepsis Overfor Den Vestlige Civilisation Måske findes håbet kun i rejsen, siger Columbus i Ridley Scottsfilm, men rejsen ender hos Scott oftest i skepsis overfor den vestlige civilisation. Længslerne der skaber fremdriften fører også i afgrunden. ejsemotivet er en gammel ken­ af Erik Svendsen brødrene Kaurismåki. Rejsemotivet ding i kunstens verden. 1 moder­ er også en ledetråd i englænderen nitetens internationaliserings æra er Ridley Scotts produktion, der stræk­ det af gode grunde blevet stadig gelse bærer så vægtige og tidstypiske ker sig fra den 'historiske’ film med mere presserende og mange af de se­ forfatterskaber som fx Salman Rush- debutværket The Duellists (1977), neste årtiers store kunstnere har haft dies og afdøde Bruce Chatwins. over to fremtidsvisioner - Alien rejsen som en oplagt ledetråd. Eksil Samme tendens kan oplagt spores i (1979) og Blade Runner (1982) —, en er et andet ord for en permanent den moderne films univers: fra Jim mytisk tid i Legend (1985) og frem rejse, og eksilets opbrud og bevæ- Jarmusch over Wim Wenders til til nutiden, henholdsvis i et celebert 32 og klassedelt New York i Someone to nøjelse, for med det gode følger altid 'Måske findes håbet kun i rejsen’ Watch Over Me (1987), et traditions­ den onde: politimanden Mick bliver siger Columbus i 1492, i den foregå­ rigt og moderne Japan i Black Rain også konfronteret med en dæmo­ ende Thelma and Louise er slutreplik- (1989) og en skæbnesvanger tur på nisk, destruktiv og driftsbefængt ken: 'Let’s not get caught, let's keep landet i Thelma and Louise (1991). mand, Venza, der virker lige så svær going'. De farende kvinder er mere Den sidste film Ridley Scott har la­ at udrydde som det irrationelle selv. illusionsløse end verdenserobreren, vet, 1492: ConQuest of Paradise, er en Han dukker op, hvor han vil og som hvad der ikke betyder at deres rejse tilbagevenden til den 'historiske' Mørkets Fyrste i Legend kender han ikke er løfterig og noget af en drøm. film. ikke til grænser: begærets lov er ab­ På klassisk vis undergår de foran­ Genrebetegnelserne er ikke uan­ solut, ultimativ. Lovens repræsen­ dringer, og de modnes - omend de fægtelige; om handlingen udspiller tant, den forelskede Mick, skygge­ indsigter de når er bitre. Som et par sig i en konstrueret fortid eller frem­ bokser med Venza, og han må tabe, af deres mandlige forgængere Butch tid, i mytisk tid eller i vores samtid fordi han selv har en rem af huden: Cassidy and The Sundance Kid (Ge­ er underordnet: hvad der skinner også Mick overskrider en unævnelig orge Roy Hilis, 1969) må de ende i igennem og binder Ridley Scotts grænse ved at sværme for overklas­ et frysende billede, på en gang på vej film sammen er en række visuelle og sekvinden, som Venza også vil have ind i døden og ind i en forløsende indholdsmæssige fællestræk, som vi­ (og myrde). Meget passende er det verden. Vi har set dem køre på ud­ ser en moderne kunstner, der er op­ derfor Micks hustru, der likviderer strakte vidder, vi har fulgt deres mo­ taget af sin tid. Og af forsøget på at den inkarnerede ondskab - og med derne kvindelige pendant til The Se- gå bagom den. Eller under den. Der­ sin mandhaftige håndtering af en pi­ archers. Men modsat John Fords en­ for rejsemotivet som betoner en stol peger Micks frelsende hustru somme helt, der til slut har åbent utvetydig dynamik, der både kan frem mod de rejsende og flygtende landskab foran sig, kan Thelma og føre på afveje og i lykkelige øjeblikke Thelma og Louise. Louise kun se frem til en afgrund. gøre en anden verden mulig. Det sidste hører til sjældenhe­ derne, mens den første mulighed, Thelma og Louise & Duellanterne: Mod afgrunden bevægelsen der løber løbsk, igen og igen bliver betonet af Ridley Scott. Det er et smukt træk ved Colum­ bus, at han, som Johannes V. Jensens mytologisk flyvende hollænder Co­ lumbus, vil søge ud over det muliges grænser. Det tragiske ved hans figur er, at han ikke er i overensstemmelse med sin tid, med sit følge. Som et andet rumskib i Alien kommer han til at bringe monstre med sig med det resultat, at den fremmede og nye verden knægtes, bliver et miserabelt skyggerige. Imperialismens sande væsen er den groteske maske, som paradis forvandles til i filmen om Columbus 1492 med den sigende undertitel: ConQuest of Paradise. Rejsens åbenhed hænger i Ridley Scotts univers uvægerligt sammen med bevægelsens bagsider, med eks­ pansionens sorte huller. Interessen for det fremmede kan kamme over i magtsyg imperialisme og et uud­ slukkeligt begær. De to poler dirrer i Ridley Scotts film, og at englænde­ ren nærer en dyb skepsis overfor den At dømme efter den debat, der minister. Cathy Griggers er i essayet vestlige civilisation er åbenlyst i så­ fulgte med Thelma and Louise i USA, 'Thelma and Louise and the Cultu- vel Alien som Columbus-filmen, der skal man være amerikaner for at få ral Generation of the New Butch- blandt andet viser, hvordan et men­ Ridley Scotts film galt i halsen. Femme interesseret i ud af filmen at neske fuld af vidtløftige længsler Hvad er der galt i at vende buddy- læse et ulmende lesbisk forhold mod sin vilje forvandles til en øde­ genren, den med det inderlige ven­ mellem de to kvinder, mens Sharon lægger og de monstrøses allierede. skab mellem mænd, på hovedet, og Willis i essayet Hardware and Hard- Ekspansionsbegæret er en farlig hvorfor er det utilstedeligt at lave en bodies, What Do Women Want?: A kategori: en ubændig higen efter road movie med et par tapre kvin­ Reading of Thelma and Louise ser m ere gør A lien til en slyngtur i et der, der handler og taler så gængs historien som en kærkomme lejlig­ sfærisk helvede, og den gør en jord­ mandschauvinisme uvægerligt bliver hed til for kvinder at gribe i egen nær familiefaders møde med en un­ u dstillet? barm og øjne fantasmer, som tidli­ derskøn overklassekvinde i Someone Ikke overraskende er Ridley gere er blevet tilsidesat som mand­ to Watch over Me til en blandet for­ Scotts film blevet lidt af et hit for fe- lige karaktertræk, fallisk aggressive: 33 Thelma and Louise suggests that we i sin hærgen. Hvileløs og hjemløs er for denne ide. Der er en inderlig need to reconceptualize feminine Freaud. overensstemmelse mellem den sam­ desires, and to shift our ffamework Hvilken skæbne der er værst, mensatte psykologi, opfattelsen af so that it can accommodate not only Thelma og Louises eller Freauds, begærets dunkle mål og de nuance­ need or want, but also demand. At den kappeklædte vandringsmands, rige billeder, fulde af spil mellem lys the same time, we need to acknow- er ikke til at afgøre. Fælles for de to og skygge. Det onde kan ikke adskil­ ledge the conflicts and contradic- parter er imidlertid, at deres liv er les fra det gode, ligesom lyset hæn­ tions that inhabit our fantasies, and udvejsløst. De bærer, som alle Rid- ger sammen med sin modsætning, to recognize the aggressive and vio- ley Scotts hovedfigurer, et skæbne­ mørket. Spændingen mellem to ele­ lent components of our identifica- svangert liv, kæmper imod omstæn­ menter, der ikke kan være foruden tions. As we take pleasure in the re­ dighederne, raser, handler, rejser, hinanden, lys og skygge, det mørke cent visibility of fantasies thar moves nægter at lade stå til, vil forandre. og det oplyste, er instruktørens us, fantasies we can imagine oursel­ Har appetit på livet, men kan også æstetiske kendemærke. Englænde­ ves authoring, we also begin to gå død i deres altopslugende, umæt­ ren, der har produceret hundredvis glimpse the burdens and the pains telige begær. af suggestive reklamefilm, formelig that are bound up with that plea­ Det er et afgørende træk ved Rid- svælger i brug af tåge og andre lys­ sure. As feminine subjects of fantasy ley Scotts film, at drifter og begær formationer, fra persienner til artifi­ begin more and more to produce re- trækker på dybt ambivalente følel­ cielle og eventyrlige lyskegler som i presentations for popular consump- ser. Den ukuelige vilje til mere, den eventyret Legend. tion, women are emerging in our vibrerende uro er spændingsudlø­ Denne mytesværmende film er collective imagination as agents of sende og bevægende; omvendt kan måske den mindst skattede af Ridley culture and of fantasy, Scotts værker, ikke de­ and not just their sto mindre er den sam­ objects’ (Sharon Willis, menholdt med Alien citeret efter Film central, fordi de to film Theory goes to Holly­ er formørkede og for­ wood, redigeret af Jim tættede fantasirejser i Collins m.fl. side 128). faderens og moderens Det lyder rigtigt; hvad univers. Willis og Griggers ikke Legend og Alien em­ gør et nummer ud af mer af tidløse ekspedi­ er, at det dog er en tioner; den fremtidige mand, der har lavet fil­ bringer mennesker ned men om de skæbne­ i en fortrængt fortid, svangre kvinder, som ind i et mørkt moder­ kun reddes afdøden. skød, det ubevidste, Thelma og Louise mens Legend tilsva­ kører ud i afgrunden, rende fører en uskyldig mens den ene mand­ prinsesse ind i et slot, lige hovedperson i The hvor Mørkets Fyrste, Duellists til slut i filmen en satanisk Fader, her­ står som en skygge af sker. Hvor Alien er et den romantiske maler ildevarslende møde Caspar David Fried- med urmoderen, dér richs Vandringsmanden skildrer Legend, hvor­ ude på kanten af en bjergtop. Der Herover Fra Duellanterne (1977). Side 35: dan et mareridt af en urfader vil lade skuer han ud i intetheden, og efter De skønne og de hæslige fra filmen Legend sin falliske drift beherske verden. Så­ at eftertænksomhedens øjeblik er (1985). dan supplerer de to køn hinanden i forbi, vender han tilbage til virkelig­ Ridley Scotts mytiske iscenesættel­ heden.
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