Provisionally Permanent? Keeping Temporary Custody Orders Temporary Under the Hague Convention on International Child Abduction
COMMENTS PROVISIONALLY PERMANENT? KEEPING TEMPORARY CUSTODY ORDERS TEMPORARY UNDER THE HAGUE CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL CHILD ABDUCTION CHRISTINE T. Di GUGLIELMOt INTRODUCTION In 1980, the Hague Conference on Private International Law' cre- ated the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction2 (Convention) as an attempt to supply parents with a legal tool to assist them in achieving the return of children removed across international boundaries without consent of the left-behind parents. " The Convention has been in force in the United States for t A.B. 1997, Brown University;J.D. Candidate 2003, University of Pennsylvania. I would like to acknowledge Stephen J.Cullen for introducing me to the Shealy case and Professor Harry Reicher for his helpful feedback. Special thanks to Matthew Di Gugli- elmo; Henry and Terri Walters; Stephanie Walters; and Jim and Francesca Di Guglielmo for their love and encouragement. Finally, I thank the editors of Volume 151 of the University of PennsylvaniaLaw Review for their dedication and diligence. 'The 1980 Hague Conference consisted of twenty-seven member states, three participating states, three international governmental organizations, and three nongovernmental organizations. See Procks-verbaux et Documents de travail de la Premi're commission, in 3 HAGUE CONFERENCE ON PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW, ACRES ET DOCUMENTS DE LA QUATORZItME SESSION, ENLEVEMENT D'ENFANTS [ACTs AND DOCUMENTS OF THE FOURTEENTH SESSION, CHILD ABDUCTION] 253, 253-55 (1982) (listing the members of the First Commission of the Hague Conference on Private In- ternational Law). 2 Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction, Oct. 25, 1980, T.I.A.S.
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