Fauna Assessment

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Fauna Assessment Fauna Assessment Lots 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 & 11 Doyle Place Margaret River FEBRUARY 2017 Version 2 On behalf of: Halsall and Associates PO Box 29 MARGARET RIVER WA 6285 T: (08) 9758 8676 E: [email protected] Prepared by: Greg Harewood Zoologist PO Box 755 BUNBURY WA 6231 M: 0402 141 197 E: [email protected] LOTS 4, 5, & 7 - 11 - DOYLE PLACE - MARGARET RIVER – FAUNA ASSESSMENT – FEBRUARY 2017 – V2 TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 1 2. DEVELOPMENT PROPOSAL ...................................................................................... 1 3. SCOPE OF WORKS ..................................................................................................... 1 4. METHODS .................................................................................................................... 2 4.1 POTENTIAL FAUNA INVENTORY – LITERATURE REVIEW ..................................... 2 4.1.1 Database Searches ............................................................................................. 2 4.1.2 Previous Fauna Surveys in the Area ................................................................... 2 4.1.3 Existing Publications ........................................................................................... 4 4.1.4 Fauna of Conservation Significance ................................................................... 5 4.1.5 Invertebrate Fauna of Conservation Significance ............................................... 7 4.1.6 Taxonomy and Nomenclature ............................................................................. 7 4.1.7 Likelihood of Occurrence – Fauna of Conservation Significance ........................ 7 4.2 SITE SURVEYS ............................................................................................................ 8 4.2.1 Fauna Habitat Assessment ................................................................................. 8 4.2.2 Opportunistic Fauna Observations ...................................................................... 9 4.2.3 Western Ringtail Possum Assessment ............................................................... 9 4.2.4 Black Cockatoo Habitat Assessment .................................................................. 9 4.2.4.1 Black Cockatoo Breeding Habitat .................................................................... 10 4.2.4.2 Black Cockatoo Foraging Habitat .................................................................... 11 4.2.4.3 Black Cockatoo Roosting Habitat .................................................................... 12 5. SURVEY CONSTRAINTS ........................................................................................... 12 6. RESULTS ................................................................................................................... 13 6.1 POTENTIAL FAUNA INVENTORY - LITERATURE REVIEW .................................... 13 LOTS 4, 5, & 7 - 11 - DOYLE PLACE - MARGARET RIVER – FAUNA ASSESSMENT – FEBRUARY 2017 – V2 6.2 SITE SURVEYS .......................................................................................................... 14 6.2.1 Fauna Habitat Assessment ............................................................................... 14 6.2.2 Opportunistic Fauna Observations .................................................................... 18 6.2.3 Western Ringtail Possum Assessment ............................................................. 18 6.2.4 Black Cockatoo Habitat Assessment ................................................................ 19 6.2.4.1 Black Cockatoo Habitat Tree Assessment ...................................................... 19 6.2.4.2 Black Cockatoo Foraging Habitat Assessment ............................................... 21 6.2.4.3 Black Cockatoo Roosting Habitat Assessment ............................................... 21 6.3 FAUNA INVENTORY – SUMMARY ............................................................................ 21 6.3.1 Vertebrate Fauna .............................................................................................. 21 6.3.2 Vertebrate Fauna of Conservation Significance ................................................ 22 6.3.3 Invertebrate Fauna of Conservation Significance ............................................. 24 7. POTENTIAL IMPACTS ............................................................................................... 24 8. RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................................... 29 9. CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................ 30 10. REFERENCES............................................................................................................ 32 LOTS 4, 5, & 7 - 11 - DOYLE PLACE - MARGARET RIVER – FAUNA ASSESSMENT – FEBRUARY 2017 – V2 FIGURES FIGURE 1: Air Photo FIGURE 2: Draft Structure Plan (Courtesy Halsall - February 2017 – Revision H) FIGURE 3: Possum Observations FIGURE 4: Habitat Trees (DBH >50cm) TABLES TABLE 1: Summary of potential cockatoo breeding habitat trees (DBH >50cm) TABLE 2: Summary of Potential Vertebrate Fauna Species (as listed in Appendix B) TABLE 2: Likelihood of Occurrence and Possible Impacts – Fauna Species of Conservation Significance PLATES PLATE 1: Peppermint Woodland in Far North West Corner of Lot 4 PLATE 2: Proposed Building Envelope Site (Lot 103) – Planted Non-Endemic Eucalypts PLATE 3: Proposed Building Envelope Site (Lot 109) – Grove of Marri Trees PLATE 4: Proposed Building Envelope Site (Lot 114) – Old Orchard APPENDICES APPENDIX A: Conservation Categories APPENDIX B: Fauna Observed or Potentially in Subject Site APPENDIX C: DPaW & EPBC Database Search Results APPENDIX D: Habitat Tree Details APPENDIX E: Significant Species Profiles LOTS 4, 5, & 7 - 11 - DOYLE PLACE - MARGARET RIVER – FAUNA ASSESSMENT – FEBRUARY 2017 – V2 Acronyms/Abbreviations: ALA: Atlas of Living Australia www.ala.org.au BA: Birdlife Australia (Formerly RAOU, Birds Australia). BC Bill: Biodiversity Conservation Bill (2015). WA Government. °C: Degrees Celsius. CALM: Department of Conservation and Land Management (now DPaW), WA Government. CAMBA: China Australia Migratory Bird Agreement 1998. CBD: Central Business District. DBH: Diametre at Breast Height – tree measurement. DEC: Department of Environment and Conservation (now DPaW), WA Government. DEH: Department of Environment and Heritage (now DotE), Australian Government. DEP: Department of Environment Protection (now DER), WA Government. DER: Department of Environment Regulation (formerly DEC, DoE), WA Government. DEWHA: Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts (now DotE), Australian Government DMP: Department of Mines and Petroleum (formerly DoIR), WA Government. DoE: Department of Environment (now DER/DPaW), WA Government. DotE: Department of the Environment (now DotEE), Australian Government. DotEE: Department of the Environment and Energy (formerly DotE, SEWPaC, DWEHA, DEH), Australian Government. DoIR: Department of Industry and Resources (now DMP), WA Government. DPaW: Department of Parks and Wildlife (formerly DEC, CALM, DoE), WA Government. EP Act: Environmental Protection Act 1986, WA Government. EPA: Environmental Protection Authority, WA Government. EPBC Act: Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999, Australian Government. ha: Hectare (10,000 square metres). IBRA: Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia. LOTS 4, 5, & 7 - 11 - DOYLE PLACE - MARGARET RIVER – FAUNA ASSESSMENT – FEBRUARY 2017 – V2 IUCN: International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources – commonly known as the World Conservation Union. JAMBA: Japan Australia Migratory Bird Agreement 1981. km: Kilometre. m: Metre. mm: Millimetre. P: Priority - DPaW fauna conservation ranking. POS: Public Open Space. RAOU: Royal Australia Ornithologist Union. ROKAMBA: Republic of Korea-Australia Migratory Bird Agreement 2007. S: Schedule - Western Australian Wildlife Conservation Act (1950) Threatened Fauna Category. SEWPaC: Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (now DotE, formerly DEH, DEWHA), Australian Government. SRE: Short Range Endemic. SSC: Species Survival Commission, International. WA: Western Australia. WAM: Western Australian Museum, WA Government. WAPC: Western Australian Planning Commission, WA Government. WC Act: Wildlife Conservation Act 1950, WA Government. WRP: Western Ringtail Possum LOTS 4, 5, & 7 - 11 - DOYLE PLACE - MARGARET RIVER – FAUNA ASSESSMENT – FEBRUARY 2017 – V2 SUMMARY This report details the results of a fauna assessment of Lots 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 & 11 Doyle Place, Margaret River (the subject site). The Lots are located about four kilometres west of the main Margaret River town site in south west Western Australia and have a total area of about 22.5 ha (Figure 1). Halsall & Associates Town Planning Consultants have been engaged by the owners of the subject site to present a proposal to the Shire seeking support for a Scheme Amendment to Local Planning Scheme No.1 (“the Scheme”) and an associated Structure Plan to provide a mechanism for consideration of subdivision of the relevant lots. The Lots in question are subject to an application for a Scheme Amendment to Local Planning Scheme No.1 (“the Scheme”) and an associated Structure Plan to provide a mechanism for subdivision.
Recommended publications
  • Common Birds in Tilligerry Habitat
    Common Birds in Tilligerry Habitat Dedicated bird enthusiasts have kindly contributed to this sequence of 106 bird species spotted in the habitat over the last few years Kookaburra Red-browed Finch Black-faced Cuckoo- shrike Magpie-lark Tawny Frogmouth Noisy Miner Spotted Dove [1] Crested Pigeon Australian Raven Olive-backed Oriole Whistling Kite Grey Butcherbird Pied Butcherbird Australian Magpie Noisy Friarbird Galah Long-billed Corella Eastern Rosella Yellow-tailed black Rainbow Lorikeet Scaly-breasted Lorikeet Cockatoo Tawny Frogmouth c Noeline Karlson [1] ( ) Common Birds in Tilligerry Habitat Variegated Fairy- Yellow Faced Superb Fairy-wren White Cheeked Scarlet Honeyeater Blue-faced Honeyeater wren Honeyeater Honeyeater White-throated Brown Gerygone Brown Thornbill Yellow Thornbill Eastern Yellow Robin Silvereye Gerygone White-browed Eastern Spinebill [2] Spotted Pardalote Grey Fantail Little Wattlebird Red Wattlebird Scrubwren Willie Wagtail Eastern Whipbird Welcome Swallow Leaden Flycatcher Golden Whistler Rufous Whistler Eastern Spinebill c Noeline Karlson [2] ( ) Common Sea and shore birds Silver Gull White-necked Heron Little Black Australian White Ibis Masked Lapwing Crested Tern Cormorant Little Pied Cormorant White-bellied Sea-Eagle [3] Pelican White-faced Heron Uncommon Sea and shore birds Caspian Tern Pied Cormorant White-necked Heron Great Egret Little Egret Great Cormorant Striated Heron Intermediate Egret [3] White-bellied Sea-Eagle (c) Noeline Karlson Uncommon Birds in Tilligerry Habitat Grey Goshawk Australian Hobby
    [Show full text]
  • Figure 8. Location of Potential Nest Trees As Classified According to Hollow-Score
    Bindoon Bypass Fauna Assessment Figure 8. Location of potential nest trees as classified according to hollow-score. See Appendix 11 for four finer scale maps. BAMFORD Consulting Ecologists | 41 Bindoon Bypass Fauna Assessment Figure 9. DBH profile of the potential black-cockatoo nesting trees surveyed. 4.3.1.1 Extrapolation of tree data The VSA areas presented in Table 7 were multiplied by the mean tree densities (Table 11) to estimate the total numbers of each (major) hollow-bearing tree species in the survey area. These values are presented in Table 13. Approximately 18 000 trees may support black-cockatoo nests within the entire survey area. Table 13. The estimated number of potential hollow-bearing trees (± SE) in the survey area. Note that not all VSAs were sampled. Vegetation and Substrate Jarrah Marri Wandoo Total Association > 500mm DBH > 500mm DBH >300mm DBH VSA 3. Marri-Jarrah woodland. 1664 ± 260 1366 ± 327 0 3030 ± 587 VSA 4. Marri-Jarrah woodland with little to no remnant 1702 ± 187 915 ± 46 0 2617 ± 233 understorey (e.g. grazed). VSA 5. Wandoo woodland (with 26 ± 26 1010 ± 616 2497 ± 700 3533 ± 1342 or without understorey). VSA 8. Paddocks with large 4535 ± 3354 3402 ± 1174 916 ± 916 8853 ± 5444 remnant trees. Overall 7927 ± 3827 6693 ± 2163 3413 ± 1616 18033 ± 7606 BAMFORD Consulting Ecologists | 42 Bindoon Bypass Fauna Assessment 4.3.2 Foraging The distribution of foraging habitat is mapped for Carnaby’s Black-Cockatoo and Forest Red-tailed Black-Cockatoo in Figure 10 and Figure 11 respectively (with finer scale maps presented in Appendix 12 and Appendix 13 respectively).
    [Show full text]
  • A Bug on the Ocean Waves (Heteroptera, Gerridae, Halobates ESCHSCHOLTZ)1
    © Biologiezentrum Linz/Austria; download unter www.biologiezentrum.at A bug on the ocean waves (Heteroptera, Gerridae, Halobates ESCHSCHOLTZ)1 L. CHENG Abstract: Five species of Halobates are the only insects known to live on the open ocean. Here is a brief description of what they are, where to find them, some of their special adaptations and their origins. Key words: Gerridae, Halobates, Heteroptera, marine, ocean. Introduction scribed species (ANDERSEN & WEIR 2004). Most of the known gerrid species are fresh- Insects are ubiquitous on land but they water in habitat and can be found on ponds, are commonly thought to be completely ab- lakes, streams, rivers, waterfalls and even sent from the sea, which covers more than temporary rain-filled pools. However, some 70 % of the earth’s surface. This is actually 80 species are considered marine. These be- not quite true. A large variety of insects do long to 11 genera in 3 subfamilies: Trepo- occur in various marine environments batinae, Rhagadotarsinae, and Halobatinae, (CHENG 1976). In fact, marine representa- to which Halobates belongs. tives can be found in at least 20 orders of the Insecta (CHENG 2003), the most important The genus Halobates was created in 1822 being the Collembola, Heteroptera, Coleo- by ESCHSCHOLTZ for 3 insect species collect- ptera and Diptera (CHENG & FRANK 1993). ed during a circumnavigation expedition. Among the Gerromorpha (Heteroptera), Many new species were added during the marine species can be found in five of the subsequent years, some from major ocean six known families: Gerridae, Hebridae, basins and others from various near-shore Hermatobatidae, Mesoveliidae and Veli- habitats.
    [Show full text]
  • Recommended Band Size List Page 1
    Jun 00 Australian Bird and Bat Banding Scheme - Recommended Band Size List Page 1 Australian Bird and Bat Banding Scheme Recommended Band Size List - Birds of Australia and its Territories Number 24 - May 2000 This list contains all extant bird species which have been recorded for Australia and its Territories, including Antarctica, Norfolk Island, Christmas Island and Cocos and Keeling Islands, with their respective RAOU numbers and band sizes as recommended by the Australian Bird and Bat Banding Scheme. The list is in two parts: Part 1 is in taxonomic order, based on information in "The Taxonomy and Species of Birds of Australia and its Territories" (1994) by Leslie Christidis and Walter E. Boles, RAOU Monograph 2, RAOU, Melbourne, for non-passerines; and “The Directory of Australian Birds: Passerines” (1999) by R. Schodde and I.J. Mason, CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, for passerines. Part 2 is in alphabetic order of common names. The lists include sub-species where these are listed on the Census of Australian Vertebrate Species (CAVS version 8.1, 1994). CHOOSING THE CORRECT BAND Selecting the appropriate band to use combines several factors, including the species to be banded, variability within the species, growth characteristics of the species, and band design. The following list recommends band sizes and metals based on reports from banders, compiled over the life of the ABBBS. For most species, the recommended sizes have been used on substantial numbers of birds. For some species, relatively few individuals have been banded and the size is listed with a question mark. In still other species, too few birds have been banded to justify a size recommendation and none is made.
    [Show full text]
  • Scientific Name Common Name Victorian A
    Table 1: Species present in a 2km radius of Crib Point (VBA database search 13 Aug 2020) Scientific Name Common Name Victorian Advisory List Austrolestes analis Slender Ringtail Microcarbo melanoleucos Little Pied Cormorant Calamanthus fuliginosus Striated Fieldwren Acacia verticillata Prickly Moses Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grass Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-mat Phyllostachys spp. Bamboo Eudyptula minor Little Penguin Turnix varius Painted Button-quail Phaps chalcoptera Common Bronzewing Phaps elegans Brush Bronzewing Ocyphaps lophotes Crested Pigeon Lewinia pectoralis Lewin's Rail Vulnerable Hypotaenidia philippensis Buff-banded Rail Poliocephalus poliocephalus Hoary-headed Grebe Ardenna tenuirostris Short-tailed Shearwater Thalassarche melanophris Black-browed Albatross Vulnerable Thalassarche cauta Shy Albatross Vulnerable Phalacrocorax carbo Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax sulcirostris Little Black Cormorant Phalacrocorax fuscescens Black-faced Cormorant Near threatened Phalacrocorax varius Pied Cormorant Near threatened Morus serrator Australasian Gannet Pelecanus conspicillatus Australian Pelican Hydroprogne caspia Caspian Tern Near threatened Thalasseus bergii Crested Tern Sternula nereis Fairy Tern Endangered Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae Silver Gull Haematopus longirostris Pied Oystercatcher Vanellus miles Masked Lapwing Pluvialis fulva Pacific Golden Plover Vulnerable Charadrius bicinctus Double-banded Plover Charadrius ruficapillus Red-capped Plover Numenius madagascariensis Eastern Curlew Vulnerable Limosa lapponica
    [Show full text]
  • Gloucester Park, Margaret
    Flora and Fauna Assessment Gloucester Park, Margaret River Prepared November 2016 for the Shire of Augusta Margaret River Flora and Fauna Assessment Gloucester Park, Margaret River, November 2016 This document has been prepared by Litoria Ecoservices for the express use of the client. Litoria Ecoservices accepts no responsibility to any third party who may rely upon this document. All rights reserved. No section or element of this document may be removed from this document, reproduced, electronically stored or transmitted in any form without the written permission of Litoria Ecoservices. Version Control Version Date Version Purpose Author Draft 1 29/11/ 2016 Draft for client review DMcK Final 1 5/12/2016 Complete Report D McK Flora and Fauna Assessment Gloucester Park, Margaret River, November 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1.0 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 2 1.1 Background .......................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Site Description .................................................................................................... 2 1.4 Assessment Objectives and Scope ....................................................................... 2 1.5 Personnel .............................................................................................................. 3 1.6 Landform .............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Abrolhos Painted Button-Quail (Turnix Varius Scintillans) Interim Recovery Plan
    Abrolhos Painted Button-Quail (Turnix varius scintillans) Interim Recovery Plan Wildlife Management Program No. 63 Western Australia Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions May 2018 Wildlife Management Program No. 63 Abrolhos Painted Button-Quail (Turnix varius scintillans) Interim Recovery Plan Western Australia Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983 Foreword Recovery plans are developed within the framework laid down in the Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions Corporate Policy Statement No. 35 (Parks and Wildlife, 2015b) and Corporate Guideline No. 36 (Parks and Wildlife, 2015a). Interim recovery plans outline the recovery actions that are needed to urgently address those threatening processes most affecting the ongoing survival of threatened taxa or ecological communities, and begin the recovery process. The attainment of objectives and the provision of funds necessary to implement actions are subject to budgetary and other constraints affecting the parties involved, as well as the need to address other priorities. This interim recovery plan was approved by the Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Western Australia. Approved interim recovery plans are subject to modification as dictated by new findings, changes in status of the taxon or ecological community, and the completion of recovery actions. Information in this interim recovery plan was accurate as of May 2018. Interim recovery plan preparation:
    [Show full text]
  • The Status and Impact of the Rainbow Lorikeet (Trichoglossus Haematodus Moluccanus) in South-West Western Australia
    Research Library Miscellaneous Publications Research Publications 2005 The status and impact of the Rainbow lorikeet (Trichoglossus haematodus moluccanus) in south-west Western Australia Tamara Chapman Follow this and additional works at: https://researchlibrary.agric.wa.gov.au/misc_pbns Part of the Behavior and Ethology Commons, Biosecurity Commons, Environmental Studies Commons, Ornithology Commons, and the Population Biology Commons Recommended Citation Chapman, T. (2005), The status and impact of the Rainbow lorikeet (Trichoglossus haematodus moluccanus) in south-west Western Australia. Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Western Australia, Perth. Report 04/2005. This report is brought to you for free and open access by the Research Publications at Research Library. It has been accepted for inclusion in Miscellaneous Publications by an authorized administrator of Research Library. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ISSN 1447-4980 Miscellaneous Publication 04/2005 THE STATUS AND IMPACT OF THE RAINBOW LORIKEET (TRICHOGLOSSUS HAEMATODUS MOLUCCANUS) IN SOUTH-WEST WESTERN AUSTRALIA February 2005 © State of Western Australia, 2005. DISCLAIMER The Chief Executive Officer of the Department of Agriculture and the State of Western Australia accept no liability whatsoever by reason of negligence or otherwise arising from use or release of this information or any part of it. THE STATUS AND IMPACT OF THE RAINBOW LORIKEET (TRICHOGLOSSUS HAEMATODUS MOLUCCANUS) IN SOUTH-WEST WESTERN AUSTRALIA By Tamra
    [Show full text]
  • Great Australian Bight BP Oil Drilling Project
    Submission to Senate Inquiry: Great Australian Bight BP Oil Drilling Project: Potential Impacts on Matters of National Environmental Significance within Modelled Oil Spill Impact Areas (Summer and Winter 2A Model Scenarios) Prepared by Dr David Ellis (BSc Hons PhD; Ecologist, Environmental Consultant and Founder at Stepping Stones Ecological Services) March 27, 2016 Table of Contents Table of Contents ..................................................................................................... 2 Executive Summary ................................................................................................ 4 Summer Oil Spill Scenario Key Findings ................................................................. 5 Winter Oil Spill Scenario Key Findings ................................................................... 7 Threatened Species Conservation Status Summary ........................................... 8 International Migratory Bird Agreements ............................................................. 8 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 11 Methods .................................................................................................................... 12 Protected Matters Search Tool Database Search and Criteria for Oil-Spill Model Selection ............................................................................................................. 12 Criteria for Inclusion/Exclusion of Threatened, Migratory and Marine
    [Show full text]
  • Heteroptera: Gerromorpha) in Central Europe
    Shortened web version University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice Faculty of Science Ecology of Veliidae and Mesoveliidae (Heteroptera: Gerromorpha) in Central Europe RNDr. Tomáš Ditrich Ph.D. Thesis Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Miroslav Papáček, CSc. University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Education České Budějovice 2010 Shortened web version Ditrich, T., 2010: Ecology of Veliidae and Mesoveliidae (Heteroptera: Gerromorpha) in Central Europe. Ph.D. Thesis, in English. – 85 p., Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic. Annotation Ecology of Veliidae and Mesoveliidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Gerromorpha) was studied in selected European species. The research of these non-gerrid semiaquatic bugs was especially focused on voltinism, overwintering with physiological consequences and wing polymorphism with dispersal pattern. Hypotheses based on data from field surveys were tested by laboratory, mesocosm and field experiments. New data on life history traits and their ecophysiological consequences are discussed in seven original research papers (four papers published in peer-reviewed journals, one paper accepted to publication, one submitted paper and one communication in a conference proceedings), creating core of this thesis. Keywords Insects, semiaquatic bugs, life history, overwintering, voltinism, dispersion, wing polymorphism. Financial support This thesis was mainly supported by grant of The Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic No. MSM 6007665801, partially by grant of the Grant Agency of the University of South Bohemia No. GAJU 6/2007/P-PřF, by The Research Council of Norway: The YGGDRASIL mobility program No. 195759/V11 and by Czech Science Foundation grant No. 206/07/0269. Shortened web version Declaration I hereby declare that I worked out this Ph.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of the Intcrgencric Relationships of the Australian Frog Family Myobatrachidae
    Analysis of the Intcrgencric Relationships of the Australian Frog Family Myobatrachidae W. RONALD HEYER and DAVID S. LIEM SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 233 SERIAL PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION The emphasis upon publications as a means of diffusing knowledge was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. In his formal plan for the Insti- tution, Joseph Henry articulated a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This keynote of basic research has been adhered to over the years in the issuance of thousands of titles in serial publications under the Smithsonian imprint, com- mencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Annals of Flight Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Astrophysics Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology In these series, the Institution publishes original articles and monographs dealing with the research and collections of its several museums and offices and of professional colleagues at other institutions of learning. These papers report newly acquired facts, synoptic interpretations of data, or original theory in specialized fields. These pub- lications are distributed by mailing lists to libraries, laboratories, and other interested institutions and specialists throughout the world. Individual copies may be obtained from the Smithsonian Institution Press as long as stocks are available.
    [Show full text]
  • Habitat Types
    Habitat Types The following section features ten predominant habitat types on the West Coast of the Eyre Peninsula, South Australia. It provides a description of each habitat type and the native plant and fauna species that commonly occur there. The fauna species lists in this section are not limited to the species included in this publication and include other coastal fauna species. Fauna species included in this publication are printed in bold. Information is also provided on specific threats and reference sites for each habitat type. The habitat types presented are generally either characteristic of high-energy exposed coastline or low-energy sheltered coastline. Open sandy beaches, non-vegetated dunefields, coastal cliffs and cliff tops are all typically found along high energy, exposed coastline, while mangroves, sand flats and saltmarsh/samphire are characteristic of low energy, sheltered coastline. Habitat Types Coastal Dune Shrublands NATURAL DISTRIBUTION shrublands of larger vegetation occur on more stable dunes and Found throughout the coastal environment, from low beachfront cliff-top dunes with deep stable sand. Most large dune shrublands locations to elevated clifftops, wherever sand can accumulate. will be composed of a mosaic of transitional vegetation patches ranging from bare sand to dense shrub cover. DESCRIPTION This habitat type is associated with sandy coastal dunes occurring The understory generally consists of moderate to high diversity of along exposed and sometimes more sheltered coastline. Dunes are low shrubs, sedges and groundcovers. Understory diversity is often created by the deposition of dry sand particles from the beach by driven by the position and aspect of the dune slope.
    [Show full text]