Schen Spielen in London 2012

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Schen Spielen in London 2012 BACHELORARBEIT Herr Christian Leupold Aspekte der Nachhaltigkeit von internationalen Groß- sportveranstaltungen – Dargestellt an den Olympi- schen Spielen in London 2012 2016 Fakultät: Medien BACHELORARBEIT Aspekte der Nachhaltigkeit von internationalen Groß- sportveranstaltungen – Dargestellt an den Olympi- schen Spielen in London 2012 Autor: Herr Christian Leupold Studiengang: Angewandte Medien Seminargruppe: AM13wS5-B Erstprüfer: Prof. Heinrich Wiedemann Zweitprüfer: Prof. Dr. Rainer Gömmel Einreichung: Mittweida, 13.06.2016 Faculty of Media BACHELOR THESIS Substainability of major inter- national sporting events – with regards to the London Olympic Games 2012 author: Mr. Christian Leupold course of studies: Applied Media seminar group: AM13wS5-B first examiner: Prof. Heinrich Wiedemann second examiner: Prof. Dr. Rainer Gömmel submission: Mittweida, June 13, 2016 Bibliografische Angaben Leupold, Christian: Aspekte der Nachhaltigkeit von internationalen Großsportveranstaltungen – Dargestellt an den Olympischen Spielen in London 2012 Substainability of major international sporting events – with regards to the Lon- don Olympic Games 2012 46 Seiten, Hochschule Mittweida, University of Applied Sciences, Fakultät Medien, Bachelorarbeit, 2016 Abstract Diese Bachelorarbeit untersucht die Nachhaltigkeit bei internationalen Groß- sportveranstaltungen – am Beispiel der Olympischen Spiele in London 2012. Zu Beginn bekommt der Leser theoretische Hintergründe vermittelt, um sich mit der Thematik vertraut zu machen und zu verstehen, was Nachhaltigkeit im All- gemeinen überhaupt bedeutet. Hierfür wird die kompilatorische Methode des wissenschaftlichen Arbeitens herangezogen und auf Fachliteratur Bezug ge- nommen. Im weiteren Verlauf der Arbeit wird das Nachhaltigkeitskonzept für diese Sommerspiele in London 2012 analysiert und mit einer empirischen Onli- ne-Befragung der Öffentlichkeit abgeglichen. Somit konnte im Ergebnis festge- halten werden, das die vom Veranstalter selbst ausgerufenen „nachhaltigen Sommerspiele“ als solche auch gerechtfertigt sind und wo noch Optimierungs- potentiale gegeben und realisierbar sind. Inhaltsverzeichnis V Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis ............................................................................................ V Abkürzungsverzeichnis ................................................................................. VII Abbildungsverzeichnis ................................................................................. VIII 1 Einleitung ................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Hinführung ......................................................................................... 1 1.2 Forschungsfrage ............................................................................... 1 1.3 Methodik ............................................................................................ 2 1.4 Aufbau der Arbeit .............................................................................. 3 2 Theoretische Grundlagen ......................................................................... 4 2.1 Dimensionen des Sports als Großveranstaltung ............................... 4 2.1.1 Sportlicher Aspekt .............................................................. 4 2.1.2 Wirtschaftlicher Aspekt ....................................................... 5 2.2 Nachhaltigkeit .................................................................................... 6 2.2.1 Definition Nachhaltigkeit im Allgemeinen............................ 6 2.2.2 Nachhaltigkeit im Bezug auf Sportstätten ........................... 7 3 Nachhaltigkeit am Beispiel der Olympischen Spiele in London 2012 .. 8 3.1 Planungskonzept des Veranstalters .................................................. 9 3.1.1 Olympiapark und Olympisches Dorf ................................... 9 3.1.2 Ökologischer Aspekt ........................................................ 11 3.2 Umsetzung ...................................................................................... 12 3.2.1 Sportstätten ...................................................................... 12 3.2.2 Ökologische und soziale Aspekte ..................................... 26 3.3 Analyse für die Stadt London .......................................................... 28 3.3.1 Weiternutzung der Sportstätten nach den Spielen ........... 28 3.3.2 Finanzierung ..................................................................... 33 4 Beurteilung aufgrund einer Umfrage ..................................................... 37 4.1 Aufbau der empirischen Datenerhebung ......................................... 37 4.2 Auswertungen der erhobenen Daten ............................................... 38 Inhaltsverzeichnis VI 5 Fazit .......................................................................................................... 45 5.1 Zusammenfassung .......................................................................... 45 5.2 Erkenntnisse für künftige Entwicklungen ......................................... 46 Literaturverzeichnis ....................................................................................... IXI Anhang ........................................................................................................... XIV Eigenständigkeitserklärung ........................................................................... XI Abkürzungsverzeichnis VII Abkürzungsverzeichnis IOC International Olympic Committee v. Chr. vor Christus LOCOG Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games ODA Olympic Delivery Authority etc et cetera BMX Bicycle Moto Cross u.a. unter anderem ggf. gegebenenfalls Mrd. Milliarden ÖPNV Öffentlicher Personennahverkehr CO2 Kohlenstoffdioxid PVC Polyvinylchlorid i.n.R. in der Regel Abbildungsverzeichnis VIII Abbildungsverzeichnis Abbildung 1: 3 Säulen der Nachhaltigkeit .......................................................... 6 Abbildung 2: Logo Olympische Spiele London 1908 .......................................... 7 Abbildung 3: Logo Olympische Spiele London 1948 .......................................... 7 Abbildung 4: Logo Olympische Spiele London 2012 .......................................... 7 Abbildung 5: Masterplan 1 Olympiapark ............................................................ 9 Abbildung 6: Masterplan 2 Olympiapark ............................................................ 9 Abbildung 7: Olympiastadtion London .............................................................. 11 Abbildung 8: London Aquatic Centre ................................................................ 12 Abbildung 9: Olympic Velopark ........................................................................ 13 Abbildung 10: Riverbank Arena ........................................................................ 14 Abbildung 11: Basketball Arena ....................................................................... 15 Abbildung 12: Copper Box ............................................................................... 16 Abbildung 13: Water Polo Arena ...................................................................... 18 Abbildung 14: Eton Manor ................................................................................ 19 Abbildung 15: Greenwich Park ......................................................................... 20 Abbildung 16: Royal Artillery Barracks ............................................................. 21 Abbildung 17: Horse Guards Parade ............................................................... 22 Abbildung 18: Olympisches Dorf ...................................................................... 24 Abbildung 19: Endergebnis des Bürgerentscheids Hamburg für Olympia ........ 32 Abbildung 20: Kostenübersicht Olympia London .............................................. 33 Abbildung 21: Einnahmequellen Olympische Spiele London 2012 .................. 34 Abbildung 22: Auswertung Fragebogen 1. Frage ............................................. 38 Abbildung 23: Auswertung Fragebogen 2. Frage ............................................. 38 Abbildung 24: Auswertung Fragebogen 3. Frage ............................................. 39 Abbildung 25: Auswertung Fragebogen 4. Frage ............................................. 40 Abbildung 26: Auswertung Fragebogen 5. Frage ............................................. 40 Abbildung 27: Auswertung Fragebogen 6. Frage ............................................. 41 Abbildung 28: Auswertung Fragebogen 7. Frage ............................................. 42 Abbildung 29: Auswertung Fragebogen 8. Frage ............................................. 43 Abbildung 30: Auswertung Fragebogen 9. Frage ............................................. 43 Einleitung 1 1 Einleitung 1.1 Hinführung 205 teilnehmende Länder aus fünf Kontinenten! 10.875 Athleten in 302 ver- schiedenen Disziplinen!1 Das kennzeichnet die Teilnehmerliste der Olympi- schen Spiele in London 2012 (Großbritannien). Damit zählt dieses Sportereignis zu dem größten internationalen Event der Welt. Demnach verfolgen weltweit mehrere Milliarden Zuschauer die Athleten vor den Bildschirmen und weitere Millionen reisen in die Olympische Stadt, um das Event live zu erleben. Um den Zuschauern, Athleten und Verantwortlichen ein spektakuläres Sport- vergnügen bereiten zu können, wird demzufolge eine Menge Geld in die Hand genommen, um beispielsweise luxuriöse Sportstätten und die dazu passende Infrastruktur zu errichten. Dabei
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