INTERNATIONAL PASSENGER SURVEY IN INDIA 2015-16 Study Commissioned by: Ministry of Tourism, Government of India Prepared by: PROF. ASHIS SENGUPTA, PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR & MEMBERS OF THE CORE IPS TEAM Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata Contents Page List of Abbreviations ............................................................................................................. II Forewords ........................................................................................................................... III Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................... 3 Chapter A - Introduction Genesis of IPS ......................................................................................................................... 11 Aims and their Formalizations ............................................................................................... 15 Chapter B - Sampling Scheme & Estimation Methodology Definitions ............................................................................................................................. 19 Sampling Design ..................................................................................................................... 20 Scrutiny, Lot Quality Sampling for Error Reduction ............................................................... 23 Packages Developed and Accessed for Data and Error Analyses .......................................... 23 Chapter C - International Recommendation, Other Practices & Data Fusion UNWTO Recommendations: An overview ............................................................................. 29 Countries Conducting International Passenger Survey .......................................................... 33 Data Fusion ............................................................................................................................. 39 Chapter D - Survey Findings Major Findings: Foreigners and Outbound Indians ............................................................... 43 Section I: Foreigners 1. Demographic Findings ............................................................................................ 44 2. Socio-Economic Findings ........................................................................................ 58 3. Travel Pattern ... ..................................................................................................... 62 4. Expenditure Pattern ............................................................................................... 69 5. Satisfaction Level .................................................................................................... 77 6. Non-Monetary Transaction Findings ...................................................................... 80 7. Motivating Factors ................................................................................................. 80 8. Overall Experience.................................................................................................. 86 Section II: Outbound 1. Demographic Findings ............................................................................................ 88 2. Socio- Economic Findings ....................................................................................... 90 3. Travel Pattern ......................................................................................................... 92 4. Expenditure Pattern ............................................................................................... 94 Chapter E - Conclusion, Limitations and Way Forward Conclusion, Limitations and Way Forward ............................................................................ 99 Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................. 103 Appendix Appendix A : Estimation Procedure & Formulae ....................................................................... 109 Appendix B : Itemized Top 20 Tables ......................................................................................... 119 Appendix B : Sample Tables ....................................................................................................... 131 Appendix C : Glossary ................................................................................................................ 167 Appendix D : IPSF & IPSO Schedules .......................................................................................... 177 Appendix E : Schedule of International Air Travelers Program, USA ......................................... 191 Appendix F : Codes ..................................................................................................................... 201 Appendix G : On-Site Photos ...................................................................................................... 215 INTERNATIONAL PASSENGER SURVEY IN INDIA 2015-16 List of Abbreviations Abbreviation Meaning BAA British Airports Authority BoI Bureau of Immigration India CAA Civil Aviation Authority, UK CAPI Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing DIAC Department of Immigration and Citizenship FTA Foreign Tourist Arrival IPS International Passenger Survey IPSF International Passenger Survey Foreigner IPSO International Passenger Survey Outbound IRTS International Recommendations for Tourism Statistics ISI Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata IVS International Visitor Survey MoT Ministry of Tourism, Govt. of India NTTO National Travel and Tourism Office ONS Office of National Statistics SIAT Survey of International Air Travelers TSA Tourism Satellite Account UNWTO United World Tourism Organization II FOREWORDS The present International Passenger Survey (IPS) 2015-2016 was commissioned to Indian Statistical Institute, with Professor Ashis SenGupta of its Applied Statistics Unit, as the Principal Investigator, by Ministry of Tourism (MoT), Government of India, New Delhi. This was taken up by the same team on its successful completion of the previous IPS 2010-2011. The experiences gathered from the last IPS greatly enriched the present one. However, there were new areas of coverage in terms of both departure ports, e.g. Dabolin (Goa) and Amritsar, as well as topics, e.g. code-sharing, travel insurance, etc. which were introduced in the present one. In this respect the support from MoT, has been outstanding. It is understandable that a national survey spanning over a year is bound to face troubled waters, ranging from natural catastrophes, administrative hurdles with changing requirements, and other events arising out of force- de-majeure. The dedicated team worked beyond the call of duty, sometimes throughout the night and around the clock as in the case of data collection and processing, and put forward exemplary efforts to expedite the preparation of the results. It is expected that the readers will not only find found the summary tables in this report directly of use, but will also lead them to evolve innovative methodologies for solving challenging problems of great national relevance. The team members of this IPS feel proud and privileged to be a part of this novel exercise and look forward to its utilizations for the benefit of our great nation. (Ashis SenGupta) Principal Investigator International Passenger Survey 2015-2016 26 April 2018 III EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTERNATIONAL PASSENGER SURVEY 2015-16 INTERNATIONAL PASSENGER SURVEY IN INDIA 2015-16 Executive Summary (ES) of the Report In this section, a brief overview of the report for International Passenger Survey (IPS) 2015-16 is provid- ed, and the definitions and concepts, scope of the work, sampling design, international recommendations, findings from the survey, limitations, suggestions and way forward are touched. Specifically, as regards the findings from this IPS 2015-16, all the tables as per the Work Order of Ministry of Tourism (MoT), Govt. of India are provided. The graphs and further tables which could help understand the aims of the survey better are also displayed. Concise and significant comments on the important findings of this sur- vey accompany these tables and graphs. All the percentages displayed were computed, where relevant, based on the list of top 20 countries (in terms of FTA to India as provided by MoT). Researchers who need to analyze the data further, will find these additional summarizations helpful. ES 1 Introduction ES 1.1 What is meant by the word ‘Tourism’? UN World Tourism Organization, of which India is one of the member country, states “Tourism refers to the activity of visitors. A visitor is a traveler taking a trip to a main destination outside his/her usual environment for less than a year, for any main purpose (business, leisure or other personal purpose) other than to be employed by a resident entity in the country or place visited”. ES.1.2 Second Tourism Satellite Account (TSA) for India, 2009-10, gives a similar definition of tourism as giv- en in the above paragraph. ES 1.3 IPS 2010 -2011 recognizes/explains it as “To explore is humane. For centuries human beings are travel- ing in pursuit of newness and knowledge, for pleasure and trade. This has resulted in unearthing of new lands, new cultures and great avenues for trade. The new world order has given this movement of people in general the name ‘Tourism’”. ES 1.4 For the International Passenger Survey (IPS) 2015-2016, an ‘International Passenger’ is defined as a Tourist among the Foreigners. A Tourist is defined as a