6 Systematic & Applied Acarology Special Publications (1997) 1 Systematic & Applied Acarology Special Publications (1997) 1, 19-24 19

Krausse. All three of this were known only from adults then. Larval Willmannella were described by Feider (1956) who successfully reared W. racovitzai larvae in culture from adults. This is the only species of this genus known at both larval and post-larval stages. The host associations of this genus Key to species of the genus Molothrognathus are unknown. In this paper, we describe a new species of Willmannella from a (: Caligonellidae) with larval ectoparasitic on an undetermined dipteran in Kazerun, Iran. This is description of a new species from Iran the first record of this genus in Middle Asia and the first record of the host association of larval Willmannella. We also compare this larva with that of W. racovitzai and propose a revised definition for larval Willmannella. We also LAIRONG LIANG1 & ZHI-QIANG ZHANG2 discuss the systematic position of Willmannella within the Microtrombidiidae. 1Department of Environmental & Resource Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China 2 The terminology and abbreviations used in this paper are found in Robaux CAB International Institute of Entomology, 56 QueenÕs Gate, London SW7 5JR, UK (1967) and Kethley (1990). Measurements in the description are given in micrometres (µm). Abstract

Molothrognathus mehrnejadi Liang & Zhang sp. nov. is described from females Willmannella kazerunica sp. nov. (Figs. 1-10) collected in pistachio collar soil and bark in Rafsanjan, Iran. A key to world species of Molothrognathus is provided. Description Larva: Holotype partially fed and swollen. Colour in life unknown. Length Key words: Molothrognathus mehrnejadi, new species, Caligonellidae of idiosoma (from anterior end of scutum) 400, maximum width near level of setae c3 and d3 270. A medium-sized larva as measured by total length of legs (IP 972). Introduction Prodorsum covered predominantly by a pentagonal scutum (Fig. 1). Antero-lateral parts of scutum deflexed, with 2 antero-lateral angles directed The genus Molothrognathus was erected by Summers and Schlinger (1955) with ventrally in normal position. Scutum striate longitudinally with punctations M. leptostylus Summers & Schlinger, 1955 as type species. Members of this between striations; striations fade near 2 corners postero-lateral of setae PL and genus have peritremes originating dorsally immediately behind the stylet area anterior to setae AM; striations much denser in central area than deflexed condyle, descending on the laterobasal margins of the stylophore. Summers and antero-lateral corners, striations on latter becoming slightly reticulate in Schlinger (1995) included three species in the genus. Further contributions to posterior part. Scutum slightly convex posteriorly, covering anterior margin of the of Molothrognathus were made by Smiley and Morse (1968) and scutellum, but strongly concave laterally at level of trichobothria (S) to Swift (1996) in the US, Soliman (1971) and Meyer and Ueckermann (1989) in accommodate eyes and associated plates. Setae AM and AL nude, their Africa, and Kuznetzov (1978) in the former USSR. Up to now, 13 species of combined length shorter than distance between their insertions (AM + AL < Molothrognathus have been described worldwide. The present paper describes a MA). Setae PL with very fine barbs, located very near postero-lateral angles of new species from Iran. A key to known species of Molothrognathus is also scutum; PL obviously longer than AM and AL, its length subequal to distance provided. ≈ between insertions of AL and PL (PL AP). Trichobothria S thin and nude, The terminology and notation used in this paper are found in Swift (1996). situated antero-mediad of PL; S longer than PL and reaching beyond tip of PL. All measurements are in micrometres. In the description, averages of measurements are given with ranges in parenthesis. 20 Systematic & Applied Acarology Special Publications (1997) 1 Systematic & Applied Acarology Special Publications (1997) 1, 5-18 5

Key to species of Molothrognathus (adult female)

1 Setae sc2 much longer than other dorsal setae ...... 2 - Setae sc subequal to or slightly longer than other dorsal setae ...... 9 2 Taxonomic notes on larvae of Willmannella 2 Setae sc2 and c2 of about equal length ...... 3 - Setae sc2 longer than setae c2 ...... 5 (: Microtrombidiidae) and description 3 Setae f (69-71) about as long as h1 (67-74) ...... colei Swift of a new species from Iran - Setae f shorter than h1 ...... 4 4 Setae sc2, c2, f and h1 relatively long, their lengths being 100, 100, 45-50, ZHI-QIANG ZHANG1 & ALIREZA SABOORI2 and 70, respectively ...... dilucidus Kunzetnov 1 International Institute of Entomology, CAB INTERNATIONAL, 56 QueenÕs Gate, - Setae sc , c , f and h shorter, their length being 72-85, 63-72, 32-38, and 2 2 1 London SW7 5JR, UK 50-60, respectively ...... terrulantus Meyer & Ueckermann 2 5 Setae c shorter than sc and v ; striae simple, not discernible mid-dorsally Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modarres University, 2 1 2 P.O. Box 14155-4838, Tehran, Iran between setae v1 and d ...... crusis Summers & Schlinger - Setae c2 longer than sc1 ...... 6 6 Subequal c2 and v2 longer than sc1 ...... minutus Soliman - Setae c2 longer than setae v2; v2 and sc1 of about equal length ...... 7 Abstract 7 Medial prodorsum with normal striae, not shield-like ...... fulgidus Summer & Schlinger The genus Willmannella Feider (Acari: Trombidioidea: Microtrombidiidae), - Medial prodorsum with weaker striae than surrounding area, shield-like .... 8 previously known only from New Guinea, Java and Europe, is recorded from Middle

8 Dorsal setae sc1 (28), sc2 (84-92), f (30-34), h1 (50-60) relatively long, other Asia (Iran) for the first time. Willmannella kazerunica sp. nov. is described from a dorsal setae >= 20; sc2 ≈ 2.8 times as long as f ...... mehrnejadi sp. nov. larva parasitic on an undetermined dipteran in Kazerun, Iran. A revised definition of larval Willmannella is proposed and the systematic position of this genus within the - Dorsal setae sc1 (13-19), sc2 (57-76), f (13-19), h1 (25-32) relatively long, Microtrombidiidae is discussed. other dorsal setae no longer than 20; sc2 ≈ 4 times as long as f ...... phytocolus Meyer & Ueckermann Key words: Willmannella, systematics, parasite, W. kazerunica sp. nov. 9 Palptibia swollen; palptarsus about 1/3 length of palptibial claw ...... tumpipalpus Meyer & Ueckermann - Palptibia normal ...... 10

10 Setae sc2 longer than c2; setae f longer than h1; palptibial claw about 3/4 Introduction length of palptarsus ...... flatichelus Meyer & Ueckermann - Setae sc2 and c2 about equal length; setae f longer or shorter than h1 ...... 11 The genus Willmannella was erected by Feider (1952) with Ottonia phyllophora 11 Medial prodorsum with weaker striae than surrounding area, looking like a Canestrini, 1897 as the type species, which was described from New Guinea and shield ...... 12 is also known from Java (Thor & Willmann 1947). Feider (1952) included two - Medial prodorsum with normal striae, not looking like a shield ...... 13 other European species in this genus: Willmannella racovitzai (Feider, 1948), 12 Tibia I with a single baculiform solenidion ...... conantae Swift originally placed in Microtrombidium (Enemothrombium) Berlese, and - Tibia I with 2 solenidia sharing an alveolus ...... Willmannella franzi (Willmann, 1950), originally placed in Campylothrombium ...... parmatus Meyer & Ueckermann 4 Systematic & Applied Acarology Special Publications (1997) 1 LIANG & ZHANG: A new Molothrognathus from Iran 21

Acknowledgements

This project was funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province, China.

v1 References v Ehara, S. & Wongsiri, T. (1984) Stigmaeid associated with plants in Thailand 2 (Acarina, ). Kontyu, 52(1), 110-118. sc Fan, Q. H., Chen, Y. & J. Z. Lin (1997) Genus Agistemus, with description of two 1 new species from China. Wuyi Science Journal, 13, 42-47. (in Chinese, with English abstract). ia Hu, S.-Q. & Chen, X.-W (1994) Three new species and a new record of the genus sc 2 c Agistemus from China (Acari: Stigmaeidae). Acta Arachnologia Sinica, 3(1), 2

42-47. (in Chinese, with English abstract). c1 Tseng, Y. H. (1982) Mites of the Stigmaeidae of Taiwan with key to genera of the world (Acarina: Prostigmata). Phytopathologist & Entomologist of the National Taiwan University, 9, 1-52. Wang, H.-F. (1981) Some predatory mites of Stigmaeidae from chinese orchards. Insect Knowledge, 18(2), 81-82. (in Chinese).

im d 100 u 100

Published 31 December 1997 e  Systematic and Applied Acarology Society f ip

h1

h3

h2

FIGURE 1. Molothrognathus mehrnejadi sp. nov. (adult female). Dorsal view of idiosoma. 22 Systematic & Applied Acarology Special Publications (1997) 1 HU et al.: A new species of Agistemus from China 3

13 Dorsal setae long, c1 and d longer than half distances between their bases ...... rosei Smiley & Morse

- Dorsal setae much shorter, c1 and d much shorter than half distances between their bases ...... leptostylus Summers & Schlinger 1

Molothrognathus mehrnejadi sp. nov. (Fig. 1-5)

Diagnosis This new species is related to M. phytocolus Meyer & Ueckermann, but differs from it in having relatively longer dorsal setae: sc1 28 (13-19 in M. phytocolus), sc2 84-92 (57-76 in M. phytocolus), f 30-34 (13-19 in M. phytocolus) and h1 50-60 (25-32 in M. phytocolus).

Description Female: Colour in life unknown; length of body (including gnathosoma) 146 (390-454), length (excluding gnathosoma) 325 (300-360); width of body 100 mm 179 (176-200). ae be Idiosomal dorsum: Striae simple, weaker medially on prodorsum, forming a ce shield-like area (Fig. 1). 2 pairs of eyes present. Dorsal setae 11 pairs, simple; he setae sc1, sc2, f and h1 longer than others. 3 pairs of cupules present, ia behind posterior eye, im laterad of d and ip laterad of f. Anal valves each with 2 ps a la setae. Length of setae: v1 28 (26-28); v2 20 (20-24); sc1 28; sc2 86 (84-92); c1 b 20 (20-22); c2 53 (44-60); d 22 (20-26); e 25 (24-26); f 33 (30-34); h1 57 (50- 58); h2 52 (46-60); h3 (9 (8-10). lm Idiosomal venter: Genital area as shown in Figure 4. 1 pair of genital setae 2 c (g1) in posterior part of genital sclerites. Setae ag1 subequal to g1, both g1 and li ag1 similar to h2 in length. Cupules ih laterad in between setae ag1 and g1. Gnathosoma: Stylophore and peritreme as shown in Figure 2. Tibial claw pg1 le of palpus about as long as palptarsus (Fig. 3). Number of setae from femur to ag1 e pg2 tarsus of palpus 1-1-4-7(1). Palptarsus with a solenidion w, 3 nude setae and 4 terminal eupathidia z (each with rounded tip). Legs: Length of legs I-IV: I 298 (290-300), II 220 (200-248), III 259 (258- 20 mm 280); IV 294 (290-300). Number of setae on segments of legs I-IV: coxae 3-1- ag4 1-1; trochanters 1-1-1-1; femora 2-2-2-2; genua 5(k)-5-2-2; tibiae 5 (w, wp)-5-4- 4; tarsi 15(w)-9(w)-9-10. Solenidia w, wp with a common alveolus, w 1/3 as FIGURES 1-2. Agistemus pinus Hu & Chen sp. nov. (female). 1, dorsal view; 2, anogenital area. long as wp. gnathosoma, dorsal view; 3, palp, ventral 4, genital area; 5, leg I, view. FIGURES 2-5. LIANG & ZHANG: A new

h 50 2 m 50 µ 4 ag h g 3 1 1

Molothrognathus mehrnejadi 2

25 µ Molothrognathus ih 3

w from Iran

z

z z 50 z m sp. nov. w (adult female). 2, f p k f 5 23 24 Systematic & Applied Acarology Special Publications (1997) 1 Systematic & Applied Acarology Special Publications (1997) 1, 1-4 1

Male: Unknown.

Type data Holotype (slide acc 298) and paratype (acc 297), collected by Mehrnejadi A new species and a new record of the genus from Òpistachio collar soilÓ on 28 February 1994 in Rafsanjan, Iran. Two Agistemus from China (Acari: Stigmaeidae) paratypes (acc 293, 294) collected on 14 May 1991 and 5 August 1992, respectively; one paratype (acc 301) collected on 17 June 1992 from Òpistachio SIQIN HU, XIWEN CHEN & LINGSHENG HUANG bark stemÓ; other data same as holotype. Holotype and paratype 297 in Department of Biological Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, BMNH; paratype 293 in Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Other paratypes Nanchang 330047, China to be deposited in collections (including University of Tehran) in Iran.

Abstract Acknowledgements Agistemus pinus Hu & Chen sp. nov. is described and A. siamensis Ehara & We thank Dr. Anne Baker (The Natural History Museum, London) for giving Wongsiri is recorded for the first time from China. the senior author microscopical assistance. Key words: Acari, Stigmaeidae, Agistemus, new species, China

References Introduction Kunzetnov, N.N. (1978) New discoveries of Raphignathoidea, . Nauchnye Doklady Vysshei Shkoly Biologicheskie Nauki, 1978(12), 49-54. The mites of the genus Agistemus are often found on plants. They can prey on Meyer, M.K.P. Smith & Ueckermann, E.A. (1989) African Raphignathoidea (Acari: Prostigmata). Entomology Memoir Department of Agriculture and Water many kinds of harmful mites. Fifteen species of the genus Agistemus have been Supply Republic of South Africa, 74, 1-58. reported from China (Wang 1981; Tseng 1982; Hu & Chen 1994; Fan et al. Smiley, R.L. & Morse, J.C. (1968) New species of mites from pine (Acarina: 1997). In this paper, two species are reported from Jiangxi, China. Type Tarsocheylidae, Eupalopsellidae, Caligonellidae, Cryptognathidae, Raphigna- specimens are deposited in the Department of Biological Science and thidae and Neophyllobiidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China. All measurements are Washington, 70, 307-317. given in micrometres. Soliman, Z.R. (1971) Four new species of family Caligonellidae (Acarina: Caligonellidae). Bulletin de la SociŽtŽ Entomologique dÕEgypte, 55, 95-104. Summers, F. & Schlinger, E.I. (1955) Mites of the family Caligonellidae (Acarina). Agistemus pinus Hu & Chen sp. nov. (Figs. 1-2) Hilgardia, 32, 539-561. Swift, S.F. (1996) Hawaiian Raphignathoidea: Family Caligonellidae (Acari: FEMALE. All dorsal plates smooth. Dorsal setae relatively long, stout, barbed, Prostigmata), with description of five new taxa and a key to genera and species. tapering distally and each set on a tubercle. Setae la longest and le shortest Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 89, 313-327. dorsal setae. Proecular be more than twice distance between be and ce. Ratios: Published 31 December 1997 ae/ae-ae = 1.76, be/be-ce = 2.26, a/a-a =3.42, c/c-c = 1.89. Maxillicoxal seta m  Systematic and Applied Acarology Society longer than seta n and than distance from m to n, m-m > n-n. Ratios: 1a/1a-1a =