DOCSLIB.ORG

Ascension Island: Contrasting Biogeography of Land and Rock Crabs

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ascension Island: Contrasting Biogeography of Land and Rock Crabs -I ~ -.....•..• 375 Mus. Reg. Sci. Nat. Torino, 2011 IX Colloquium Crustacea Mediterranea TOrino, September 2-6, 2008: pp 375-385 Richard G. HARTNOLL' Ascension Island: contrasting biogeography of land and rock crabs ABSTRACT The geographical distribution is described for two common crabs on Ascension Island in (he South Atlantic: the Jand crab Johngarthia lagostoll/a, and the rock crab Grapslls adscen- sionis. The ronnel' appears to have originated from the West Atlantic, where it has conspecific populations. In contrast, the latter, G. adscC'nsionis, seems (0 be an East Atlantie species, with a different species III the West Atlantic. This dif1erence is discussed in relation to ditTerences in potential means of dispersal, the distribution of related species, and the ongin of other shallow water taxa on Ascension Island. Keywords: Ascension Island, biogeography. crabs, Johngarrliia, Grapslls Asccnsionls!and Ascension Island is a small and remote island in the central South Atlantic Ocean. It has an area of 97 kme, and is 1500 km from the Liberian Coast in West Africa, and over 2000 km from Brazil (Fig. 1). It is of relatively recent (~I million years) volcanic origin (sec Ashmole & Ashmole, 2000, for general back- 2 ground). The nearest land is the similar sized (122 km ) but much older (14 mil- lion years) island of St Helena, 1300 km distant. Ascension's remote position and recent origin pose interesting questions regarding the origin and affinities of intertidal and terrestrial species. In this paper these questions are explored by examining the two common crabs on Ascension which fall into those categories. Thirty four species of braehyurans are recorded from Ascension Island (Manning & Chace, 1990). However, thc majority of these are restricted to ei- ther the subtidal or lower intertidal: they are difficult to collect, and their com- plete geographic distribution is hard to detennine, Nevertheless there are two very prominent crab species. In the upper intertidal there is the rock crab, Grap- sus adsccnsiollis (Osbeck, 1765), common on all rocky shores around the is- land (Hartnoll, 2009). On land the gecarcinid land crab Johngarthia !agostoma • University of Liverpool and Marine Biologieal Association 376 (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) occurs throughout the year at altitudes above 200m, and at lower levels during the annual breeding migration (Hannoll et al., 2006). These two crabs are suited to the proposed study on several further grounds. The two genera are distributed across the Atlantic, but the land crabs and rock crabs on Ascension differ in distribution and affinities. FUl1hermorc, they differ in their potential means of dispersal. For each of the two species a series of ques- tions will be addressed: What are the affinities of the Ascension Island species? Where did they come from, and how did they travel? Are they endemic to Ascension? Are there implications for conservation strategies on Ascension? ECC SAG Fig. 1 - The location of Ascension Island. and the prevailing surface current systems in the South Atlantic Ocean (after Briggs, 1974). ECC, Equatorial Counter-CUlTent; SAG, South Atlantic Gyre. The hold line indicates the West African province. - 377 The land crabs Johngmihia lagostoma and J. weileri (Sendlel; 1912) The nomenclature of these species has a complex history (see Hartnoll et al., 2006), and this has produced some past confusion regarding their geographical distribution. Both were previously included within Gecarcinus lagostoma H. Milne Edwards, 1837. Gecarcinus was a genus with species occurring on both coasts of the American mainland, as well as on a variety of Atlantic and East Pa- cific Islands. Tiirkay ( 1970) divided the genus into two subgenera, Gecarcinus and Johngarthia. G. lagostoma was included in the latter, together with the Pa- cific species G. plana/us Stimpson, 1860 and G. malpilensis Faxon, 1893. A II three species were mainly restricted to small oceanic islands. Tiirkay (1973) subsequently separated G. lagos/om a and G. weileri (Sendler, 1912), in the cen- tral and West Atlantic, and East Atlantic respectively, making four species in the subgenus. Finally Tiirkay (1987) elevated Johngarthia to generic status, giv- ing the Ascension species its current name ofJohngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837). Despite some earlier confusion (reviewed in Hartnoll et al., 2006), the ge- ographic distributions of the two Atlantic species ofJohngarlhia are now clear (Fig. 2). Johngarthia lagos/oma occurs on three islands off Brazil (Trindade, Fernando de Noronha, and Atol das Rocas), and on Ascension Island (see Man- ning & Chace, 1990; Ashmole & Ashmole, 2000). It does not occur on Trinidad, West Indies, a persistent confusion in the literature: see for example Croizat et al. (1974). Johngarlhia v.'eileri is found on several islands off West Africa in the GulfofGuinea (Annobon, Sao Tome and Bioco), and from the African main- land at Bibundi in Cameroun (Tiirkay, 1973). No land crabs have been reported from Saint Helena, despite its latitude and climate being suitable. The rock crabs Grapsus adscensionis and G. grapsus (Linnaeus, 1758) Until recently all Atlantic specimens of Grapsus were attributed to Grapsus grapsus. However, Manning & Chace (1990) reviewed the situation, and deter- mined that the East Atlantic material, including that from Ascension Island and Saint Helena, should be attributcd to G. adscensionis (Osbeck, 1765). The West Atlantic material, including that from Fernando de Noronha and the Caribbean, remains G. grapsus (a species also found in the Eastern Pacific). The status of material from Trindade Island (Brazil) remains to be determined. So G. ad- scensiOflis occurs on Ascension Island, Saint Helena, the islands in the Gulf of Guinea, the Azores, Cape Verde Islands, the Canaries, and Madeira (Bouvier, 1940; Manning & Chace, 1990) (Fig. 3). Along the east Atlantic coast it is recorded from southern Portl.l,g,alto northern Angola (Chace & Hobbs, 1969). In the Atlantic G. grapsus is found on Fernando de Noronha, Atol das Rocas, St Paul Rocks, throughout the Caribbean islands, and Bermuda. On the East Amer- ican mainland it occurs from Southern Florida to Pcrnambuco, Brazil (Chace & Hobbs, J 969). 0° VJ -..J 'Xl • J. lagostoma o •• . 0" o J. weileri Bioco 0 Atol das Rocas. o 0° •• Fernando de Noronha. I • Ascension. Annobon 0 o St Helena •Trinidade • Fig. 2 - The geographical distributions of.Johngurlhia lagosroma and J wei/cri. 0° G. adscensionis D ••• o 0.: DO' •- G. grapsus Atol das Rocas. · 8t Paul. 0° o • • • Fernando de Noronha. I ~•• • Ascension D Annobon • D .••- •• o 8t HelenaD • • ?? • •Trinidade • •• •• •• •• ,,,;.) --J Fig, 3 - The geographical distributions or (;/'''f'''(f\ "l!scCIISiOllis and G. gmpsl/s, \0 380 Origin and affinities ofJolmgarthia lagostoma The distances from Ascension Island to possible sources of land crab re- cruitment are all substantial. There are several potential mechanisms of disper- sal, but one can be discounted - that they arrived on Ascension when the Atlantic was much narrower. A similar explanation has been offered for the occurrence of the freshwater crab Seychellum alluaudi (A. Milne Edwards & Bouvier, 1893) on the Seychelles: that it is a relict of the time when the Seychelles were joined to the African/Asian land mass some 35 my a (Ng et al., 1995). However, As- cension Island arose only I - 1.5 my a (Atkins et al., 1964), when the Atlantic Ocean was at roughly its current dimensions. So three possibilities remain. Colonisation from West Africa, colonisation from the East American region, or colonisation from some now disappeared central Atlantic islands. They could have arrived by pelagic larval dispersal, or by rafting. The latter is a feasible proposition for marine crabs, but from what we know of the physiology of gecarcinid crabs, it would seem for them an un- likely method: the congeneric 1. planatlls survives only some 12 hours ofim- mersion in sea water (Ehrhardt 1968; Niaussat & Ehrhardt, 1971). So larval dispersal is the probable mechanism. Manning & Chace (1990) discuss the ori- gin of the decapod fauna of Ascension Island in some detail, and make two im- portant points. Firstly they outline the complex current patterns, and show how these could facil itate the transport of larvae from either the east or west Atlantic. Ascension is generally considered to lie within the westerly tlowing northern limb of the South Atlantic Gyre (Fig. I), which would facilitate transport from the African side. However, it is periodically washed by the easterly flowing Equatorial Countercurrent providing a route from the American side (Briggs, 1974). Secondly, they conclude that transport from either side to Ascension might be possible within the period of the larval development 01'1. lagosroma. Based on the larval development of the related 1. planatus, this could substan- tially exceed 30 days (Cuesta et al., 2007). Ashmole & Ashmole (2000) suggested "a possible scenario for the origin of the South Atlantic Island populations (ofland crabs) would be colonisation of Ascension from the western coasts of Afi"ica, and of Brazilian islands from As- cension". However, this assumes only a prevailing westerly current, which is not the case. The absence ofland crabs from St Helena (equally within the South Atlantic Gyre) suggests that westwards transport has not prevailed for this group. Furthcnnore, the distribution of related species docs not support such an origin. The concept of a series of now-submerged mid-Atlantic islands maintaining populations from the narrow-Atlantic era was developed by Wilson (1963), and is discussed it'!Chace & Manning (1972). It would facilitate the colonisation of Ascension Island, but does not define the origin of its land crabs. If it was the case, a greater divergence ofthe Ascension populations from related ones would be expected from the time interval involved. The geographical distribution of the most closely related species (Gecarci- 381 nus spp. and Johngarthia spp.) is informative. Gecarcinus is rcstricted to the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of America, and to the Caribbean Islands and Bermuda (Tiirkay, 1970).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Classification of Living and Fossil Genera of Decapod Crustaceans
    RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY 2009 Supplement No. 21: 1–109 Date of Publication: 15 Sep.2009 © National University of Singapore A CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING AND FOSSIL GENERA OF DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS Sammy De Grave1, N. Dean Pentcheff 2, Shane T. Ahyong3, Tin-Yam Chan4, Keith A. Crandall5, Peter C. Dworschak6, Darryl L. Felder7, Rodney M. Feldmann8, Charles H. J. M. Fransen9, Laura Y. D. Goulding1, Rafael Lemaitre10, Martyn E. Y. Low11, Joel W. Martin2, Peter K. L. Ng11, Carrie E. Schweitzer12, S. H. Tan11, Dale Tshudy13, Regina Wetzer2 1Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PW, United Kingdom [email protected] [email protected] 2Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90007 United States of America [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] 3Marine Biodiversity and Biosecurity, NIWA, Private Bag 14901, Kilbirnie Wellington, New Zealand [email protected] 4Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan, Republic of China [email protected] 5Department of Biology and Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602 United States of America [email protected] 6Dritte Zoologische Abteilung, Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien, Austria [email protected] 7Department of Biology, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA 70504 United States of America [email protected] 8Department of Geology, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242 United States of America [email protected] 9Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands [email protected] 10Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, 10th and Constitution Avenue, Washington, DC 20560 United States of America [email protected] 11Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] 12Department of Geology, Kent State University Stark Campus, 6000 Frank Ave.
    [Show full text]
  • 17 the Crabs Belonging to the Grapsoidea Include a Lot Of
    17 SUPERFAMILY GRAPSOIDEA The crabs belonging to the Grapsoidea include a lot of ubiquitous species collected in the mangrove and/or along the coastline. As a result, most of the species listed here under the ‘Coastal Rock-rubble’ biotope of table 2b could be reasonably listed also with marine species. This is particularly true for the Grapsidae: Grapsus, Pachygrapsus, Pseudograpsus, and Thalassograpsus. FAMILY GECARCINIDAE Cardisoma carnifex (Herbst, 1796). Figure 12. – Cardisoma carnifex - Guinot, 1967: 289 (Checklist of WIO species, with mention of Grande Comore and Mayotte). - Bouchard, 2009: 6, 8, Mayotte, Malamani mangrove, 16 April 2008, St. 1, 12°55.337 S, 44°09.263 E, upper mangrove in shaded area, burrow, about 1.5 m depth, 1 male 61×74 mm (MNHN B32409). - KUW fieldwork November 2009, St. 6, Petite Terre, Badamiers spillway, upper littoral, 1 female 53×64 mm (MNHN B32410), 1 male 65×75.5 mm (MNHN B32411); St. 29, Ngouja hotel, Mboianatsa beach, in situ photographs only. Distribution. – Widespread in the IWP. Red Sea, Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, South Africa, Europa, Madagascar, Comoros, Seychelles, Réunion, Mauritius, India, Taiwan, Japan, Australia, New Caledonia, Fiji, Wallis & Futuna, French Polynesia. Comment. – Gecarcinid land crabs are of large size and eaten in some places (West Indies, Wallis & Futuna, and French Polynesia). In Mayotte, however, they are not much prized for food and are not eaten. Figure 12. Cardisoma carnifex. Mayotte, KUW 2009 fieldwork: A) aspect of station 29, upper littoral Ngouja hotel, Mboianatsa beach; B) same, detail of a crab at the entrance of its burrow; C) St. 6, 1 female 53×64 mm (MNHN B32410); D) probably the same specimen, in situ at St.
    [Show full text]
  • Multilocus Phylogeny of the Afrotropical Freshwater Crab Fauna Reveals Historical Drainage Connectivity and Transoceanic Dispersal Since the Eocene
    Syst. Biol. 64(4):549–567, 2015 © The Author(s) 2015. Published by Oxford University Press, on behalf of the Society of Systematic Biologists. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: [email protected] DOI:10.1093/sysbio/syv011 Advance Access publication February 3, 2015 Multilocus Phylogeny of the Afrotropical Freshwater Crab Fauna Reveals Historical Drainage Connectivity and Transoceanic Dispersal Since the Eocene ,∗ , SAV E L R. DANIELS1 ,ETHEL E. PHIRI1,SEBASTIAN KLAUS2 3,CHRISTIAN ALBRECHT4, AND NEIL CUMBERLIDGE5 1Department of Botany and Zoology, Private Bag X1, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland 7602, South Africa; 2Department of Ecology and Evolution, J. W. Goethe-University, Biologicum, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany; 3Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Peoples Republic of China; 4Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus Liebig University, Giessen 35392, Germany; and 5Department of Biology, Northern Michigan University, Marquette, MI 49855-5376, USA ∗ Correspondence to be sent to: Department of Botany and Zoology, Private Bag X1, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland 7602, South Africa; E-mail: mailto:[email protected] Received 15 November 2014; reviews returned 22 December 2014; accepted 28 January 2015 Associate Editor: Adrian Paterson Abstract.—Phylogenetic reconstruction, divergence time estimations and ancestral range estimation were undertaken for 66% of the Afrotropical freshwater crab fauna (Potamonautidae) based on four partial DNA loci (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, cytochrome oxidase one [COI], and histone 3). The present study represents the most comprehensive taxonomic sampling of any freshwater crab family globally, and explores the impact of paleodrainage interconnectivity on cladogenesis among freshwater crabs. Phylogenetic analyses of the total evidence data using maximum-likelihood (ML), maximum parsimony (MP), and Bayesian inference (BI) produced a robust statistically well-supported tree topology that reaffirmed the monophyly of the Afrotropical freshwater crab fauna.
    [Show full text]
  • Vallee De Mai Nature Reserve Seychelles
    VALLEE DE MAI NATURE RESERVE SEYCHELLES The scenically superlative palm forest of the Vallée de Mai is a living museum of a flora that developed before the evolution of more advanced plant families. It also supports one of the three main areas of coco-de-mer forest still remaining, a tree which has the largest of all plant seeds. The valley is also the only place where all six palm species endemic to the Seychelles are found together. The valley’s flora and fauna is rich with many endemic and several threatened species. COUNTRY Seychelles NAME Vallée de Mai Nature Reserve NATURAL WORLD HERITAGE SITE 1983: Inscribed on the World Heritage List under Natural Criteria vii, viii, ix and x. STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE The UNESCO World Heritage Committee issued the following Statement of Outstanding Universal Value at the time of inscription Brief Synthesis Located on the granitic island of Praslin, the Vallée de Mai is a 19.5 ha area of palm forest which remains largely unchanged since prehistoric times. Dominating the landscape is the world's largest population of endemic coco-de- mer, a flagship species of global significance as the bearer of the largest seed in the plant kingdom. The forest is also home to five other endemic palms and many endemic fauna species. The property is a scenically attractive area with a distinctive natural beauty. Criterion (vii): The property contains a scenic mature palm forest. The natural formations of the palm forests are of aesthetic appeal with dappled sunlight and a spectrum of green, red and brown palm fronds.
    [Show full text]
  • Potamoidea, Potamonautidae, Deckeniinae) Rainee Stevens Northern Michigan University, [email protected]
    Northern Michigan University NMU Commons All NMU Master's Theses Student Works 4-2017 Phylogenetic studies of the Madagascan freshwater crabs (Potamoidea, Potamonautidae, Deckeniinae) Rainee Stevens Northern Michigan University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.nmu.edu/theses Part of the Bioinformatics Commons, Biology Commons, Computational Biology Commons, Evolution Commons, Molecular Genetics Commons, and the Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons Recommended Citation Stevens, Rainee, "Phylogenetic studies of the Madagascan freshwater crabs (Potamoidea, Potamonautidae, Deckeniinae)" (2017). All NMU Master's Theses. 137. https://commons.nmu.edu/theses/137 This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Works at NMU Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in All NMU Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of NMU Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected],[email protected]. PHYLOGENETIC STUDIES OF THE MADAGASCAN FRESHWATER CRABS (POTAMOIDEA, POTAMONAUTIDAE, DECKENIINAE) By Rainee C. Stevens THESIS Submitted to Northern Michigan University In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN BIOLOGY Office of Graduate Education and Research April 2017 SIGNATURE APPROVAL FORM Phylogenetic studies of the Madagascan freshwater crabs (Potamoidea, Potamonautidae, Deckeniinae) This thesis by Rainee C. Stevens is recommended for approval by the student’s Thesis Committee and Department Head in the Department
    [Show full text]
  • THE STATUS and DISTRIBUTION of Freshwater Biodiversity in Madagascar and the Indian Ocean Islands Hotspot
    THE THE STATUs aNd dISTRIBUtION OF STAT U Freshwater biodIversIty in MadagasCar s a N aNd the INdIaN OCeaN IslaNds hOtspOt d d I STR Edited by Laura Máiz-Tomé, Catherine Sayer and William Darwall IUCN Freshwater Biodiversity Unit, Global Species Programme IBU t ION OF F OF ION RESHWATER N ds a BIO I N d I ar ar VERS d C N I TY IN IN sla Madagas I N C ar a ar N ea d the I the d d the I the d C N N d Madagas a O I a N O C ea N I sla N IUCN h ds Rue Mauverney 28 CH-1196 Gland O Switzerland tsp Tel: + 41 22 999 0000 Fax: + 41 22 999 0015 O www.iucn.org/redlist t the IUCN red list of threatened speciestM www.iucnredlist.org THE STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION OF freshwater biodiversity in Madagascar and the Indian Ocean islands hotspot Edited by Laura Máiz-Tomé, Catherine Sayer and William Darwall IUCN Freshwater Biodiversity Unit, Global Species Programme The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of IUCN, or other participating organisations. This publication has been made possible by funding from The Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund. Published by: IUCN Cambridge, UK in collaboration with IUCN Gland, Switzerland Copyright: © 2018 IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorised without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged.
    [Show full text]
  • Land, Mangrove and Freshwater Decapod Crustaceans of Mayotte Region (Crustacea Decapoda)
    ATOLL RESEARCH BULLETIN NO. 592 LAND, MANGROVE AND FRESHWATER DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS OF MAYOTTE REGION (CRUSTACEA DECAPODA) Jean-Marie Bouchard, Joseph Poupin, Regis Cleva, Jacques Dumas and Vincent Dinhut LAND, MANGROVE AND FRESHWATER DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS OF MAYOTTE REGION (CRUSTACEA DECAPODA) Jean-Marie Bouchard, Joseph Poupin, Regis Cleva, Jacques Dumas and Vincent Dinhut Atoll Research Bulletin No. 592 23 October 2013 All statements made in papers published in the Atoll Research Bulletin are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Smithsonian Institution or of the editors of the Bulletin. Articles submitted for publication in the Atoll Research Bulletin should be original papers and must be made available by authors for open access publication. Manuscripts should be consistent with the “Author Formatting Guidelines for Publication in the Atoll Research Bulletin.” All submissions to the Bulletin are peer reviewed and, after revision, are evaluated prior to acceptance and publication through the publisher’s open access portal, Open SI (http://opensi.si.edu). Published by SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION SCHOLARLY PRESS P.O. Box 37012, MRC 957 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 www.scholarlypress.si.edu The rights to all text and images in this publication are owned either by the contributing authors or third parties. Fair use of materials is permitted for personal, educational, or noncommercial purposes. Users must cite author and source of content, must not alter or modify the content, and must comply with all other terms or restrictions that may be applicable. Users are responsible for securing permission from a rights holder for any other use.
    [Show full text]
  • The Reclassification of Brachyuran Crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura)
    NAT. CROAT. VOL. 14 Suppl. 1 1¿159 ZAGREB June 2005 THE RECLASSIFICATION OF BRACHYURAN CRABS (CRUSTACEA: DECAPODA: BRACHYURA) ZDRAVKO [TEV^I] Laco Sercio 19, HR-52210 Rovinj, Croatia [tev~i}, Z.: The reclassification of brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Nat. Croat., Vol. 14, Suppl. 1, 1–159, 2005, Zagreb. A reclassification of brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) including a re-ap- praisal of their whole systematics, re-assessment of the systematic status and position of all extant and extinct suprageneric taxa and their redescription, as well as a description of new taxa, has been undertaken. A great number of new higher taxa have been established and the majority of higher taxa have had their systematic status and position changed. Key words: brachyuran crabs, Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, systematics, revision, reclassifi- cation. [tev~i}, Z.: Reklasifikacija kratkorepih rakova (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Nat. Croat., Vol. 14, Suppl. 1, 1–159, 2005, Zagreb. Reklasifikacija kratkorepih rakova (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) odnosi se na preispitivanje cjelokupnog njihovog sustava, uklju~uju}i preispitivanje sistematskog statusa i polo`aja sviju recentnih i izumrlih svojti iznad razine roda kao i njihove ponovne opise. Uspostavljeno je mnogo novih vi{ih svojti, a ve}ini je izmijenjen sistematski status i polo`aj. Klju~ne rije~i: kratkorepi raci, Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, sistematika, revizija, reklasi- fikacija INTRODUCTION Brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) are one of the most diverse animal groups at the infra-order level. They exhibit an outstanding diversity in the numbers of extant and extinct taxa at all categorical levels. Recently, especially dur- ing the past several decades, judging from the number of publications and new taxa described, the knowledge of their systematics has increased rapidly.
    [Show full text]
  • Advances in Freshwater Decapod Systematics and Biology CRUSTACEANA MONOGRAPHS Constitutes a Series of Books on Carcinology in Its Widest Sense
    Advances in freshwater decapod systematics and biology CRUSTACEANA MONOGRAPHS constitutes a series of books on carcinology in its widest sense. Contributions are handled by the Series Editor(s) and may be submitted through the office of KONINKLIJKE BRILL Academic Publishers N.V., P.O. Box 9000, NL-2300 PA Leiden, The Netherlands. Series Editor for the present volume: CHARLES H.J.M. FRANSEN, c/o Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, NL-2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; e-mail: [email protected] Founding Editor: J.C. VON VAUPEL KLEIN, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. Editorial Committee: N.L. BRUCE, Wellington, New Zealand; Mrs. M. CHARMANTIER-DAURES, Montpellier, France; Mrs. D. DEFAYE, Paris, France; H. DIRCKSEN, Stockholm, Sweden; R.C. GUIA¸SU, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; R.G. HARTNOLL, Port Erin, Isle of Man; E. MACPHERSON, Blanes, Spain; P.K.L. NG, Singapore, Rep. of Singapore; H.-K. SCHMINKE, Oldenburg, Germany; F.R. SCHRAM, Langley, WA, U.S.A.; C.D. SCHUBART, Regensburg, Germany; G. VA N D E R VELDE, Nijmegen, Netherlands; H.P. WAGNER, Leiden, Netherlands; D.I. WILLIAMSON, Port Erin, Isle of Man. Published in this series: CRM 001 - Stephan G. Bullard Larvae of anomuran and brachyuran crabs of North Carolina CRM 002 - Spyros Sfenthourakis et al. (eds.) The biology of terrestrial isopods, V CRM 003 - Tomislav Karanovic Subterranean Copepoda from arid Western Australia CRM 004 - Katsushi Sakai Callianassoidea of the world (Decapoda, Thalassinidea) CRM 005 - Kim Larsen Deep-sea Tanaidacea from the Gulf of Mexico CRM 006 - Katsushi Sakai Upogebiidae of the world (Decapoda, Thalassinidea) CRM 007 - Ivana Karanovic Candoninae (Ostracoda) from the Pilbara region in Western Australia CRM 008 - Frank D.
    [Show full text]
  • Downloaded from Brill.Com09/23/2021 09:47:57PM Via Free Access 72 N
    Contributions to Zoology, 77 (2) 71-81 (2008) Insular species of Afrotropical freshwater crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamonautidae and Potamidae) with special reference to Madagascar and the Seychelles Neil Cumberlidge Department of Biology, Northern Michigan University, Marquette, MI 49855-5376, USA, [email protected] Key words: Freshwater crabs, Afrotropical islands, Madagascar, Seychelles, Socotra Abstract Oceanic volcanic islands ......................................................... 77 Príncipe and São Tomé ...................................................... 77 The evolutionary relationships between island and mainland Transoceanic dispersal by freshwater crabs ......................... 78 faunas of the 24 species of insular freshwater crabs in the Discussion .................................................................................. 79 Afrotropical region are reviewed in the light of phylogenetic Acknowledgements .................................................................. 79 studies. Twenty insular species of freshwater crabs are endem- References .................................................................................. 79 ic, and four are also found on the neighboring mainland of Africa. The Atlantic Ocean islands of Sherbro, Bioko, Príncipe, and São Tomé support five species of Potamonauti- Introduction dae, while the Western Indian Ocean islands of the Seychelles, Zanzibar, Pemba, Mafia, and Madagascar together have 16 Freshwater crabs (Potamidae, Potamonautidae, Ge- species of Potamonautidae,
    [Show full text]
  • Notes on the Position of the True Freshwater Crabs Within the Brachyrhynchan Eubrachyura"
    Northern Michigan University NMU Commons Journal Articles FacWorks 2001 "Notes on the Position of the True Freshwater Crabs Within the Brachyrhynchan Eubrachyura" Richard V. Sternberg Neil Cumberlidge Northern Michigan University Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.nmu.edu/facwork_journalarticles Part of the Biology Commons Recommended Citation Sternberg, R. v. and N. Cumberlidge. 2001. Notes on the position of the true freshwater crabs within the Brachyrhynchan Eubrachyura (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Hydrobiologica, 449(1/3): 21-39. This Journal Article is brought to you for free and open access by the FacWorks at NMU Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal Articles by an authorized administrator of NMU Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected],[email protected]. Hydrobiologia 449: 21–39, 2001. 21 J.P.M. Paula, A.A.V. Flores & C.H.J.M. Fransen (eds), Advances in Decapod Crustacean Research. © 2001 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands. Notes on the position of the true freshwater crabs within the brachyrhynchan Eubrachyura (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) Richard v. Sternberg1 & Neil Cumberlidge2 1Dept. of Systematic Biology, NHB-163, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, U.S.A. 2Department of Biology, Northern Michigan University, Marquette, MI 49855, U.S.A. Key words: Crustacea, freshwater crabs, Pseudothelphusidae, Potamoidea, Thoracotremata, Eubrachyura, cladistics, phenetics Abstract Cladistic and phenetic relationships of 51 eubrachyuran crab genera, comprising 36 genera of marine crabs and 18 genera of true freshwater crabs from 7 families, were investigated using 121 parsimony-informative adult morphological characters. The data matrix was subjected to four different treatments: (1) a cladistic analysis with a combination of unordered and ordered characters, (2) a cladistic analysis with all characters unordered, (3) neighbour-joining, and (4) UPGMA phenetic analyses.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of Natural History
    This article was downloaded by:[CDL Journals Account] On: 26 August 2007 Access Details: [subscription number 780222585] Publisher: Taylor & Francis Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Journal of Natural History Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713192031 A revision of the family Deckeniidae Ortmann, 1897 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamoidea), with description of a new genus (Gecarcinucidae: Gecarcinucoidea) from the Seychelles, Indian Ocean P. K. L. Ng a; Z. Števčić b; G. Pretzmann c a Department of Zoology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore b Center for Marine Research, 'Ruder Boskovic' Institute, Rovinj, Croatia c Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien, Austria Online Publication Date: 01 June 1995 To cite this Article: Ng, P. K. L., Števčić, Z. and Pretzmann, G. (1995) 'A revision of the family Deckeniidae Ortmann, 1897 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamoidea), with description of a new genus (Gecarcinucidae: Gecarcinucoidea) from the Seychelles, Indian Ocean', Journal of Natural History, 29:3, 581 - 600 To link to this article: DOI: 10.1080/00222939500770201 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222939500770201 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Full terms and conditions of use: http://www.informaworld.com/terms-and-conditions-of-access.pdf This article maybe used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, re-distribution, re-selling, loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date.
    [Show full text]