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336 Oakwood Avenue Orange, NJ Rev 336 Oakwood Avenue Orange, NJ Rev. Melvin E. Wilson, Pastor/Teacher Email: [email protected] Cell: (914) 562-6331 “Almost” Everything You Need to Know About…” Tuesday, September 29, 2020 6:30 pm Online I. GENERAL INFORMATION/FACTS ON THE BOOKS OF KINGS A. Name of the Books: In the Hebrew tradition, both books are simply called “Kings” from the Hebrew, “Melakim.” “The division of this work into two books was introduced by the translators of the Septuagint (pre-Christian Greek translation of the Old Testament)…” English Bibles followed this pattern. The Greek version used the titles “3rd and 4th Kingdoms.” B. Position of the Books in the Bible: 11th and 12th books in the Bible, 6th and 7th books of Old Testament history, 54 books to follow them. 1st Kings has 22 chapters, 816 verses, approximately 24,524 words. 2nd Kings has 25 chapters, 719 verses, 23,517 words. C. Author/Editor: Unknown. Possible Jeremiah or a group of prophets. D. Who Was It Written To/For?: The people of Israel E. Purposes of the Book: 1. To contrast the lives of those who live for God and those who refuse to do so through the history of the kings of Israel and Judah. 2. To demonstrate the fate that awaits all who refuse to make God their true leader. 3. To show the religious failure of the kings of Israel and Judah. 4. To teach the people the lessons of staying true to God. 5. To tell the story of the history of Israel during the period of the monarchy from the closing days of David’s rule until the time of the Babylonian exile. F. Key People: David, Solomon, Rehoboam, Jeroboam, Elijah, Ahab, Jezebel, Elisha, Shunammite woman, Naaman, Jehu, Joash, Hezekiah, Sennacherib, Isaiah, Manasseh, Josiah, Jehoiakim, Zedekiah, Nebuchadnezzar G. Contrast Between 1st & 2nd Kings 1st Kings 2nd Kings Begins with King David Ends with the king of Babylon Opens with Solomon’s glory Closes with Jehoiakim’s shame Begins with the blessings of obedience Ends with the curse of disobedience Opens with the building of the temple Closes with the burning of the temple Traces the progress of apostasy Describes the consequences of apostasy Shows how kings failed to rule God’s people Depicts consequences of that failure Introduces the prophet Elijah Introduces the prophet Elisha Emphasizes the patience of the Lord Confirms the Lord’s sure punishment of sin Page 1 II. INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT 1ST & 2ND KINGS A. 1st Kings covers the 120 year period from the beginning of Solomon’s reign in 971 B.C. through Ahaziah’s reign ending in 851 B.C. B. The key date is 931 B.C., the year the united Kingdom was divided to become the Divided Kingdom, Israel in the North, Judah in the South. 1. Northern Kingdom of Israel – 10 tribes 2. Southern Kingdom of Judah – 2 tribes C. 4 major events in 1st Kings: 1. David’s death 2. Solomon’s reign 3. The division of the Kingdom 4. Elijah’s ministry D. 2nd Kings has 3 sections: 1. Elisha’s ministry – chapters 1-8 2. The Divided Kingdom – chapters 9-17 3. Judah Alone – chapters 18-25 E. There were “resurrections” in both books. 1. Elijah raised a boy from the dead – 1 Kings 17:22 2. Elisha raised a boy from the dead – 2 Kings 4:34-35 3. Elisha’s bones raised a man from the dead – 2 Kings 13:20-21 F. Key terms: 1. 1st Kings – Division, idolatry 2. 2nd Kings – Dispersion, disobedience, captivity III. GENERAL OUTLINE OF KINGS • The Solomonic Era – 1:1 – 12:24 A. Solomon’s Succession to the Throne – 1:1-2:12 B. Solomon’s Throne Established – 2:13-46 C. Solomon’s Wisdom – chapter 3 D. Solomon’s Reign Characterized – chapter 4 E. Solomon’s Building Projects – 5:1 – 9:9 1. Preparation for building the temple – chapter 5 2. Building the temple – chapter 6 3. Building the palace – 7:1-12 4. The temple furnishings – 7:13-51 5. Dedication of the temple – chapter 8 6. The Lords’ response and warning – 9:1-9 F. Solomon’s Reign Characterized – 9:10 – 10:29 G. Solomon’s Folly – 11:1-13 H. Solomon’s Throne Threatened – 11:14-43 I. Rehoboam’s Succession to the Throne – 12:1-24 • Israel & Judah from Jeroboam I|Rehoboam to Ahab|Asa – 12:25 – 16:34 A. Jeroboam I of Israel – 12:25 – 14:20 B. Rehoboam of Judah – 14:21-31 C. Abijah of Judah – 15:1-8 Page 2 D. Asa of Judah – 15:9-24 E. Nadab of Israel – 15:25-32 F. Baasha of Israel – 15:33 – 16:7 G. Elah of Israel – 16:8-14 H. Zimri of Israel – 16:15-20 I. Omri of Israel – 16:21-28 J. Ahab of Israel – 16:29-34 • The Ministries of Elijan and Other Prophets from Ahab/Asa to Ahaziah/Jehoshaphat (chapters 17 – 22) A. Elijah (and Other Prophets) in the Reign of Ahab (17:1 – 22:40) 1. Elijah and the drought – chapter 17 2. Elijah on Mount Carmel – chapter 18 3. Elijah’s flight to Horeb – chapter 19 4. A prophet condemns Ahab for sparing Ben-Hadad – chapter 20 5. Elijah condemns Ahab for seizing Naboth’s vineyard – chapter 21 6. Micaiah prophesies Ahab’s death; its fulfillment – 22:1-40 B. Jehoshaphat of Judah – 22:41-50 C. Ahaziah of Israel – 22:51-53 • The Ministries of Elijah and Elisha during the reigns of Ahaziah and Joram (2 Kings 1:1 – 8:15) A. Elijah in the Reign of Ahaziah – chapter 1 B. Elijah’s Translation; Elisha’s Inauguration – 2:1-18 C. Elisha in the Reign of Joram – 2:19 – 8:15 1. Elisha’s initial miraculous signs – 2:19-25 2. Elisha during the campaign against Moab – chapter 3 3. Elisha’s ministry to needy ones in Israel – chapter 4 4. Elisha heals Naaman – chapter 5 5. Elisha’s deliverance of one of the prophets – 6:1-7 6. Elisha’s deliverance of Joram from Aramean raiders – 6:8-23 7. Aramean siege of Samaria lifted, as Elijah prophesied – 6:24 – 7:20 8. The Shunammite’s land restored – 8:1-6 9. Elisha prophesies Hazael’s oppression of Israel – 8:7-15 • Israel and Judah from Joram/Jehoram to the Exile of Israel – 8:16 – 17:41 A. Jehoram of Judah – 8:16-24 B. Ahaziah of Judah – 8:25-29 C. Jehu’s Revolt and Reign in Israel – chapters 9 – 10 1. Elisha orders Jehu’s anointing – 9:1-13 2. Jehu’s assassination of Joram and Ahaziah – 9:14-29 3. Jehu’s execution of Jezebel – 9:30-37 4. Jehu’s slaughter of Ahab’s family – 10:1-17 5. Jehu’s eradication of Baal worship – 10:18-36 D. Athaliah and Joash of Judah; Repair of the Temple – chapters 11 – 12 E. Jehoahaz of Israel – 13:1-9 F. Jehoash of Israel; Elisha’s Last ProphecyPage 3 – 13:10-25 G. Amaziah of Judah – 14:1-22 H. Jeroboam II of Israel – 14:23-29 I. Azariah of Judah – 15:1-7 J. Zechariah of Israel – 15:8-12 K. Shallum of Israel – 15:13-16 L. Menahem of Israel – 15:17-22 M. Pekahiah of Israel – 15:23-26 N. Pekah of Israel – 15:27-31 O. Jotham of Judah – 15:32-38 P. Ahaz of Judah – chapter 16 Q. Hoshea of Israel – 17:1-6 R. Exile of Israel; Resettlement of the Land – 17:7-41 • Judah from Hezekiah to the Babylonian Exile – chapters 18 – 25 A. Hezekiah – chapters 18 – 20 1. Hezekiah’s good reign – 18:1-8 2. The Assyrian threat and deliverance – 18:9 – 19:37 3. Hezekiah’s illness and alliance with Babylon – chapter 20 B. Manasseh – 21:1-18 C. Amon – 21:19-26 D. Josiah – 22:1 – 23:30 1. Repair of the temple; discovery of the Book of the Law – chapter 22 2. Renewal of the covenant; end of Josiah’s reign – 23:1-30 E. Jehoahaz Exiled to Egypt – 23:31-35 F. Jehoiakim: First Babylonia Deportation – 23:36 – 24:7 G. Jehoiachin: Second Babylonian Deportation – 24:8-17 H. Zedekiah: Third Babylonian Deportation – 24:18 – 25:21 I. Removal of the Remnant to Egypt – 25:22-26 J. Elevation of Jehoiachin in Babylon – 25:27-30 IV. OTHER IMPORTANT NOTES A. The 17 prophetic books at the end of the Old Testament give great insight into the time period of 2nd Kings B. Assyrian Captivity – 721 B.C. C. Babylonian Captivity – 586 B.C. Evaluating Kings of Israel and Judah in 1–2 Kings Good Bad Mixture of good and bad Kings of Israel Kings of Judah Jeroboam (1 Kings 12:25–33) Rehoboam (1 Kings 14:21–31) Nadab (1 Kings 15:25–31) Abijam (1 Kings 15:1–8) Baasha (1 Kings 15:33–16:7) Asa (1 Kings 15:9–24) Page 4 Elah (1 Kings 16:8–14) Jehoshaphat (1 Kings 22:41–50) Zimri (1 Kings 16:15–20) Jehoram (2 Kings 8:16–24) Omri (1 Kings 16:21–27) Ahaziah (2 Kings 8:25–29; 9:29) Ahab (1 Kings 16:29–33) Athaliah (2 Kings 11) queen Ahaziah (1 Kings 22:51–53; 2 Kings 1) Joash (2 Kings 12) Joram (Jehoram) (2 Kings 1:17; 3:1–3) Amaziah (2 Kings 14:1–22) Jehu (2 Kings 9:30–10:36) Azariah (Uzziah) (2 Kings 15:1–7) Jehoahaz (2 Kings 13:1–9) Jotham (2 Kings 15:32–38) Jehoash (2 Kings 13:10–25) Ahaz (2 Kings 16) Jeroboam II (2 Kings 14:23–29) Hezekiah (2 Kings 18–20) Zechariah (2 Kings 15:8–12) Manasseh (2 Kings 21:1–18) Shallum (2 Kings 15:13–16) Amon (2 Kings 21:19–26) Menahem (2 Kings 15:17–22) Josiah (2 Kings 22:1–23:30) Pekahiah (2 Kings 15:23–26) Jehoahaz (Shallum) (2 Kings 23:31–35) Pekah (2 Kings 15:27–31) Jehoiakim (2 Kings 23:36–24:7) Hoshea (2 Kings 17) Jehoiachin (2 Kings 24:8–17; 25:27–30) Zedekiah (2 Kings 24:18–25:26) V.
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