SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY REPORT DRAFT

LAND ACQUISITION OF CHETTIKKAD- KUNJITHAI & KOTTUVALLIKKAD- VAVAKKAD BRIDGE AND APPROACH ROAD

SIA Unit

RAJAGIRI outREACH Rajagiri P.O Pin: 683 104 Ph: 0484 2911330- 332 www.rajagirioutreach.org

DATE- 18. 06.2018

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY REPORT DRAFT

LAND ACQUISITION OF CHETTIKKAD- KUNJITHAI & KOTTUVALLIKKAD- VAVAKKAD BRIDGE APPROACH ROAD

SIA Unit

RAJAGIRI outREACH Rajagiri P.O Kalamassery Pin- 683104 Ph: 0484 2911330- 332

DATE- 18.06.2018

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 - EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.1. Introduction - Project and Public Purpose 1.2. Location 1.3. Size and Attributes of Land Acquisition 1.4. Alternatives Considered 1.5. Social Impact 1.6. Mitigation Measures

CHAPTER 2 - DETAILED PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1. Background and rationale of the project. 2.2 Project size, location, production targets, cost and risks 2.3 Examination of Alternatives 2.4 Phases of Project Construction 2.5 Need for ancillary infrastructural facilities 2.6 Work Force Requirements (temporary and permanent) 2.7 Applicable Legislations and Policies

CHAPTER 3 TEAM COMPOSITION APPROACH, METHODOLOGY AND SCHEDULE OF THE SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 3.1. Background 3.2. SIA Team Members 3.3. Methodology & Tools 3.4. Socio- economic survey 3.5. Sampling Methodology Used 3.6. Overview of information/ data sources used 3.7. Process and Schedule of Activities

CHAPTER 4 - LAND ASSESSMENT 4.1 Information about affected area 4.2. Area of impact 4.3. Total land requirement for the project 4.4. Present use of public land in the vicinity of the project area 4.5. Land(if any) already purchased, alienated, leased or acquired, and the intended use for each plot of land required for the project 4.6. Quantity and location of land proposed to be acquired for the project 4.7. Nature, present use and classification of land and if agricultural land, irrigation coverage and cropping patterns 4.8. Size of holding, ownership patterns, land distributions and number of residential houses 4.9. Land prices and recent changes in ownership, transfer and use of lands over the last 3 years

CHAPTER 5 - ESTIMATION AND ENUMERATION 5.1. Families which are directly affected 5.2. Families which are indirectly impacted by the project 5.3. Inventory of productive assets and significant lands

CHAPTER 6 - SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE 6.1. Demographic details 6.2. Income and poverty level 6.3. Vulnerable group 6.4. Land Use and Livelihood 6.5. Local economic activities 6.6. Factors that contribute to local livelihoods

CHAPTER 7 - SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT PLAN 7.1. Approaches to Mitigation 7.2. Measures to avoid mitigate and compensate impact 7.3. Measures those are included in the terms of Rehabilitation and Resettlement 7.4. Measures that the Requiring Body has stated it will introduce in the Project Proposal 7.5. Alterations to project design and additional measures that may be required to address the extend and intensity of impacts across various groups as identified during the Social Impact Assessment process 7.6. Detailed Mitigation Plan

CHAPTER 8 - SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT PLAN INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK 8.1 Institutional Structures and Key Persons

CHAPTER 9 - SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT BUDGET AND FINANCING OF MITIGATION PLAN 9.1. Costs of all resettlement and rehabilitation costs 9.2. Annual budget and plan of action 9.3. Funding sources with breakup

CHAPTER 10 - SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT PLAN MONITORING AND EVALUATION 10.1. Key Monitoring and Evaluative indicators 10.2. Reporting mechanisms and monitoring roles 10.3. Plan of independent evaluation

CHAPTER 11 - ANALYSIS OF COSTS AND BENEFITS AND RECOMMENDATION ON ACQUISITION

Abbreviations

Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land RTFCTLARR Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act

SIA Social Impact Assessment

SIM Social Impact Management

HWL Highest Water level

PAF Project affected families

PAP Project affected person

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List of Tables

Table no Content

Table no 1.5.1 Analysing the social impact of the proposed project

Table no 3.7.1 Process and schedule of activities

Table no 4.2.2 The displacement of the affected

Table no 4.2.3 Religious group of the affected

Table no 4.4.1 Use of acquired land

Table no 4.6.1 Extent of acquisition of land

Table no 4.7.1 Type of property

Table no 4.8.1 Details of the land proposed for acquisition

Table no 5.3.1 Crops likely to be affected by the proposed land acquisition

Table no 6.1.1 Name of the village

Table no 6.1.2 Age group and gender

Table no 6.1.3 Religious group

Table no 6.1.4 Marital status

Table no 6.1.5 Family pattern

Table no 6.1.6 Economic status

List of figures

Fig 4.2.1 land ownership of the affected family

Fig. 4.2.4 Impact on agriculture

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, 2

CHAPTER 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1.1 Introduction - Project and Public Purpose

The proposed project ‘Construction of Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad-Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, aims to increase the developmental possibilities in the area. Both, Vadakkekara and are two advancing areas with progressive changes in the field of transportation and other commercial activities.

Chettikkad – Kunjithai Bridge and Approach road The proposed bridge would reduce the difficulty of the people residing in Kunjithai and Machamthuruthu pattanam who had to travel through Moothakunnam to reach Chettikkad, Malyankara, Kottuvallikkad, and Munambam. The construction of Chettikkad- Kunjithai Bridge will minimize half the distance and will make the journey unstrained. The fishermen community in Munambam fishing harbor are also the beneficiaries of the project. This bridge could shorten the distance between Kunjithai fish landing centre and the Munambam harbor; as a result there will be a progressive increase in the fishing activities and the economic sustainability among the people. The proposed project will be advantageous for hundreds of people who commute to Chettikkad Church, Malyankara College and HMYSHSS (Hindu Matha Yoga Sabha School, Kottuvallikkad)

Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and approach road The Cherupuzha passing amidst the Vavakkad and Kottuvallikkad has always been a barrier for the people of either side to interact. The construction of this bridge is a dream for the people from way back. The People need to take Moothakunnam route in order to travel to Kottuvallikkad, Chettikkad, Malyankara, and Munambam from

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, 3

Vavakkad. The proposed bridge could shorten the distance by 1/4th the earlier. Along with that it will also help number of people heading to Munambam fish harbor, SNM ( Sree Narayana Mangalam College of management and technology and SNM college for arts and science) Malyankara, Chettikkad church, Chettikkad service society,

1.2 Location District : Taluk : Paravoor Village : Vadakekkara , Moothakunnam

1.3 Size and Attributes of Land Acquisition For the construction of the Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and approach road requires the land acquisition to an extent of 05.19 hectares with survey numbers as 95/14, 96/1pt, 110/12, and 110/13.

The construction of the Chettikkad- Kunjithai Bridge and approach road requires the land acquisition to an extent of 04.42 hectares with survey numbers as 99/2, 99/3, 99/3 B, 99/6.

1.4 Alternatives Considered The structure of the bridge proposed is a single span bridge of 20m length with middle span height of 3.5m above HWL. It is designed as a slab type bridge supported on RCC bored piles, with gravel filled approach road.

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, 4

1.5 Social Impact Table 1.5.1 Analysing Social impact of the proposed project. Si. No Survey No. Type f land Extend of impact 1 95/14 Dry land The land is used for agriculture purpose. There are nearly 30 tapioca planted and some coconut plantations and oak trees. 2 95/14 Dry land The land has some coconut trees and oak trees in it. 3 95/14 Dry land with a A 2 storey building in the land building which is under construction. The first floor is for the family to reside and the second storey was decided to give in rent. The entire land where the building exists is acquired for the purpose of bridge. The building was being constructed without availing permit from Panchayath. 4 95/14 Dry land The land has few coconut trees and 1 oak tree. 5 95/14 Dry land Partial acquisition of land 6 95/14 Dry land The land with 5 coconut trees, 10 Areca nut, 1 teak tree. 7 95/14 Dry land used for The land is used for farming. farming There are 3 coconut trees and 4 areca nut tree in the land.

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, 5

8 110/12 Dry land There are plenty of crops planted in the land including Mahagani, Coconut trees, areca nuts, Tamarind tree, palm tree, sheema konna etc 9 110/13 Dry land The land owner is having some unused fish cultivating tanks in the affected area 10 96/1pt Dry land The land owner is having peeling shed in the affected area

Note: The above data is arrived as per the information provided by the respondents during the Survey. Supporting documents need to be verified.

1.6 Mitigation Measures The acquisition procedures should be carried without delay and notices regarding the land acquisition shall be served to the affected families. The affected families should be given fair and real compensation as per the provisions of compensation for land acquisition under RTFCTLARR Act, 2013.

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, 6

Kottuvallikkad

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, 7

CHAPTER 2 DETAILED PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 Background and rationale of the project. The proposed Chettikkad- Kunjithai and Kottuvallikad- Vavvakad Bridge and approach road is constructed as per the public concerns. The major portion of people living in Vavvakad Grama Panchayath belongs to the middle class category where the main area of occupation is concentrated on the agriculture and fishing. Even if the people possess a small area of land they used to cultivate in that smaller portion. The increase in population resulted in the loss of agriculture land for the housing purpose. This resulted in the diminishing of agriculture in the area The coir making, handicrafts, handlooms have been an out dated way of living ,at the same time the fish farming and commercial marketing has flourished in the area.

The Chettikkad- Kunjithai Bridge and approach road reduces the distance between Kunjithai fish landing centre and the Munambam fishing harbor, helping the fishermen’s to commute easily to the harbor. The increase in number of fishermen stock in the harbor will result in the advancement of fishing industry thereby in the increased financial stability of the same. The above bridge and approach road will help the people moving to Chettikkad Church, Malyankara College and H M Y H S. The bridge would make the journey of these people feasible and comfortable.

The Vavakkad- Kottuvallikad Bridge and approach road is the dream of the people from long time. The Cherupuzha flowing in between Vavvakad and Kottuvallikad remains as a hindrance for the people of either side to interact. It is the need of all the people in the area to construct a bridge which connects these two distinct lands. This bridge will bring down the inconvenience among the people travelling from Vavvakad to reach Chettikad, Malyankara, and Munambam. The proposed bridge

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, 8

will ameliorate the travelling issues of the people moving to Munambam Fish Harbor, Chettikadu church, Malyakara College, HMYHS.

This proposed bridge would help the people of Vavvakad and Moothakunnam with an increased infrastructure and easy access to the basic amenities. The bridge would also help the people to reach early to their destinations.

2.2. Project size, location, production targets, cost and risks

The area required for the construction of Kottuvallikad- Vavvakad Bridge and approach road is calculated to be 05.19 hectares. The Chettikkad- Kunjithai Bridge and approach road requires the area of 04.42 hectares. Government has accorded administration sanction for the construction of Kottuvallikkad-Vavakkad bridge in by the Harbour Engineering department at a total outlay of Rs.193 lakhs at 2010 SOR with NABARD assistance of Rs.154.40 lakhs under RIDF XVI and State Government contribution of Rs.38.60 lakhs with project period of completion on or before 31/03/2013 and as per usual terms and conditions of NABARD RIDF works.

The Kunjithai- Chettikkad bridge and approach road location

Kunjithai village is in 5 kilometer distance from Munambam junction near to the NH 17 road. The proposed bridge is situated north to the Kunjithai.

The Vavvakad – Kottuvallikad bridge and approach road The bridge is near the Kottuvallikad Lake in Vavvakad village.

2.3 Examination of Alternatives Since there is no displacement no alternatives are considered

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, 9

2.4. Phases of the Project Construction The construction of the bridge and approach road will be carried out as single phase.

2.5 . Need for ancillary infrastructural facilities Being an entirely new road formation through villages that are not connected by road to the mainland, there was no much requirement for any ancillary infrastructure facilities.

2.6. Workforce requirements

The work force is equipped with modern machineries and planned man power in various range in terms of skilled, semi- skilled and un-skilled labors. The construction work is tendering to the contractors and they will do the work by using sufficient machinery and labor force. The required work force may vary for each contractor an actual calculation is not possible.

2.7 Applicable legislations and policies

The applicable laws on land acquisition, rehabilitation and resettlement for the proposed Land Acquisition for the construction of Chettikkad- Kunjithai and Kottuvallikad- Vavakkad Bridge and approach road is,

 The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013  Government of – Revenue Department -State Policy for Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition  Right to Information Act, 2005.

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, 10

Vavakkad

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, 11

CHAPTER 3 TEAM COMPOSITION APPROACH, METHODOLOGY AND SCHEDULE OF THE SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 3.1 Background

As per the Kerala Gazette Notification No 16 dated 17.04.2018, RAJAGIRI outREACH is assigned as the SIA Unit to conduct the Social Impact Assessment of Land Acquisition for the construction of Chettikkad- Kunjithai and Kottuvallikad – Vavakkad Bridge and approach road.

The objective of Social Impact Assessment (SIA) is to enumerate affected land and structures, affected families and persons, to identify social impacts, and to prepare Social Impact Management Plan (SIMP). In order to capture data for the present exercise, both primary as well as secondary sources were systematically tapped. As a part of SIA, census socio-economic survey has been conducted by experienced members of SIA Unit in the area of Vadakkekara and Moothakunnam Grama Panchayath.

3.2. Details of Team members The study team is headed by the Project Director, RAJAGIRI outREACH, who is the Chairperson of the SIA Unit. A team of 9 members having experience in conducting Social Impact Assessment studies and socio-economic surveys were assigned for data collection, monitoring of data collection, coordination and report preparation of the study. Representatives from the Revenue Department supported the investigators to identify the affected family.

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, 12

Sl.No Name Qualification and Experience Designation 1 Mrs Meena Kuruvilla MSW 30 years in Chairperson development sector BA,DSS, 23 years in 2 Ranjith K U Research Associate development sector BA – Research Associate 23 years in 3 Biju C.P development sector MA,DSS, 25 years in 4 Maria Tency V.S. Research Associate development sector

MSW 2 year experience 5 Deepu Utthaman Social Worker in development

sector

6 Chippy baby MSW Trainee Documentation

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, 13

3.3 Methodology & Tools

The objective of Social Impact Assessment (SIA) is to enumerate affected land and structures, affected families and persons, to identify social impacts, and to prepare Social Impact Management Plan (SIMP). In order to capture data for the present exercise, both primary as well as secondary sources were systematically collected. SIA unit had also examined the records and documents including the alignment drawing of the proposed project. SIA team had also made a site visit along with the land revenue officials for information dissemination. Questionnaires and interview schedules were used as tools for data collection.

3.4. Sampling Methodology Used. The socio- economic survey was conducted by the qualified members of Social impact assessment unit. This was to identify the after effects of the land acquisition of the proposed project. Before the survey was conducted, the affected area was identified with the support of revenue department.

The survey was in the form of questionnaire which was a door to door visit to the home of the affected individual and families. The information regarding the type of property acquired the use of that specific land, address of the project affected family, property details, extent of acquisition, details regarding displacement, the economic status of the family including the family income and expenditure. The last portion of the questionnaire also included the views of the respondent on the proposed project and the acquisition of land. The questionnaire was filled only after checking the valid proof from the respondents.

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, 14

3.5 Socio- Economic Survey The survey was a face to face interview with the affected respondents and family with some prepared question related to the socio demographic profile including their name, type of property, use of property, address of the affected property, property details with the survey number, extend of acquisition, the economic details of the family, their means of livelihood, weather this acquisition affects their livelihood patterns etc. finally an open ended questions on their opinion regarding the proposed project and the land acquisition is also involved.

Kunjithai – Chettikkad Bridge proposed area. 3.6 Overview of information/ data sources used The primary data were collected through the face to face home visits in the affected family. The interaction with the stakeholders regarding the project and its consequences were studied using the questionnaire. The questionnaire included both the closed and the open ended questions. Their basic demographic details, the after effects of land acquisition, were collected in the field work study.

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, 15

The secondary source of information were collected from the various concerned departments including the village officers of Vavvakad and Moothakunnam, the Panchayath officials, ward members, Harbour Engineering Division, Ernakulam and also some literature reviews.

3.7 Process and Schedule of Activities Table 3.7.1

District Collector entrust Rajagiri outREACH to conduct the SIA study of Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikad- 16.11.2017 Vavakkad Bridge and approach road.

22.12.2017 Data collection

17.05.2018 Publication of 4 (1) notification

05.06.2018 Notification for public hearing

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, 16

CHAPTER 4 LAND ASSESSMENT Background A socio-economic survey covering all affected families and individuals was carried out in the months of December 2017 and May 2018. A structured interview schedule was used to collect detailed information on affected property, impacts on private assets, income and livelihood for a full understanding of impacts. The objective of the survey was to assess social impacts on the people affected by the project, their socio-economic profile, type of property, ownership of property, type of impact its magnitude and details of affected property. The major findings and magnitude of impacts are discussed in the following sections.

4.1 Information about affected area

The proposed project is carried out in Ernakulam district, Paravoor Thaluk, Vavakkad and Moothakunnam villages. The estimated area to be acquired for Kottuvallikad- Vavakkad Bridge is 05.19 hectares and Chettikkad – Kunjithai requires 04.42 hectares.

4.2 Area of impact The proposed project of Chettikkad- Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and approach road is in Ernakulam district, Paravoor taluk and Vadakkekara and Moothakunnam village. There are 11 affected families whose land or property is acquired for the proposed project.

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, 17

Fig.4.2.1 Land owned through

The land where the bridge and approach road is proposed was acquired by the family through hereditary or purchase. 17% of the acquired land was owned by hereditary and 33 % land was purchased by them.

Table no. 4.2.2 The displacement of the affected Frequency Percent

Yes 0 00 No 11 100.0 Total 11 100.0

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, 18

No families are displaced due to the proposed bridge and approach road. Even though there is a building under construction, no one resides there at present.

Table no 4.2.3 Religious group

Frequency Percent

Hindu 9 81.8 Christian 1 9.09 Muslim 1 9.09 Total 11 100.0

9 among the 11 families belong to Hindu community. 1 affected family belongs to Christian faith and the rest one family belongs to Muslim community.

Fig. 4.2.4 Whether agriculture affected

Frequency

yes 42% Total 50%

no 8%

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, 19

The land acquisition for the proposed project has affected the agriculture as, 42 % of the land holders use the land for agriculture or for growing trees and other valuable plantations.

4.3. Total land requirement for the project The area required for the construction of Kottuvallikad- Vavvakad Bridge and approach road is calculated to be 05.19 hectares. The Chettikkad- Kunjithai Bridge and approach road requires the area of 04.42 hectares. All together the construction of the Chettikkad- Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge requires 9.61 hectares of land.

4.4. Present use of public land in the vicinity of the project area The land is presently used for agriculture purpose. One proposed land is with a building under construction which is without the permission of the Panchayath.

Table no .4.4.1 Use of land

Frequency Percent open land 3 27.8 agriculture\ 5 45.4 plantations

building for 1 9.09 rent Other 2 18.2 Total 11 100.0

.

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, 20

3 Families use the land as open land where there is no much cultivation or considered as unused land. 6 among the 11 families use it for agriculture or planting trees such as coconut, palm, areca nut, Sheemakonna , teak and other medicinal plants etc. 1 family is constructing a two storey building to give it on rent. One individual is having a fish tank which remains unused and the other one is running a peeling shed there.

4.5 Land (if any) already purchased, alienated, leased or acquired, and the intended use for each plot of land required for the project. No land is purchased, alienated, leased or acquired already in the area for the requirement of the proposed project.

4.6 Quantity and location of land proposed to be acquired for the project The proposed project is carried out in Ernakulam district, Paravoor taluk and Vadakekkara and Moothakunnam village.

Kunjithai village is in 5 kilometer distance from Munambam junction near to the NH 17 road. The proposed Chettikkad- Kunjithai Bridge is situated north to the Kunjithai.

The Kottuvallikad- Vavakkad Bridge is near the Kottuvallikad Lake in Vavvakad village.

The lands of 11 families are acquired either partially or fully for the project. In total 24.797 cents of land to be acquired.

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, 21

Table no 4.6. Extent of acquisition Frequency Percent Fully 1 9.09 Partially 10 90.90

Total 11 100.0

The proposed project requires the acquisition of land either fully or partially. The property of one family is fully acquired and the rest of the property is partially acquired.

4.7 Nature, present use and classification of land and if agricultural land, irrigation coverage and cropping patterns

Table no. 4.7.1 Type of property

Frequency Percent Open 1 9.09 land dry land 7 63.63 dry land 1 9.09 with building Other 2 18.18

Total 11 100.0

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, 22

The type of property acquired for the purpose is used as open land, Dry land or Dry land with building. Here 9.09 % is shown as open land which is a barren land with no cultivation. The major portion of land is dry land used for some agriculture purpose as well as for some plantations of coconut, areca nut, palms trees etc. The 7 families out of 11 have dry land. The third category is the dry land with a building in it. The building is under construction to be used for residential or rental purpose. An unused fish tank and a peeling shed come under the last category.

4.8 Size of holding, ownership patterns, land distributions and number of residential houses The size of the holding is shown in Table 4. The names of the owners of the land affected are also enlisted in the table.

Table 4.8.1 Showing Details of the Land Proposed for Acquisition

Sl No Survey No Description Approximate Name of Owners of Extend Required Land/ Interested (in hectares) Persons Moothakunnam Village

1 95/14 Dry Land 0.0286 Shivadas Parambathusery, Kartyani Saravan, Saheer Thaikootathil, Royse Poothalathu, Thattapally Andalat Paru janaki.

2 96/1pt Dry Land + 0.0025 Rashmi dileep, V N building satheeshan, Vadassery, Cherai

3 110/12 Dry Land 0.0066 Padhmanabhan T. K, thaikutathil, Vavvakad

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, 23

4 110/13 Dry Land 0.142 Sunil babu,jalaja vishwam, Naazar CK, Vvadakkekara Village

5 99/2Apt Dry Land 0.0125 Machamthuruthu muri 0.0125 Rajagopal 0.0045 0.0147

4.9 Land prices and recent changes in ownership, transfer and use of lands over the last 3 years As per the information given by the respondents, no transactions on the proposed acquiring land had been taken place in the affected area for the last three years, except a transfer of property through will.

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CHAPTER 5 ESTIMATION AND ENUMERATION

5.1 Families which are directly affected There are 11 families who are the affected members of the proposed project. In these 11 families one family is constructing a building to be used for residential purpose. Rashmi Dileep from Moothakunnam village is constructing a two storeied building in the affected land which they had plan to give the upper storey as rent and the down storey for the residential purpose, but the building has no permit certificate from the Panchayath. Mr.Satheesan from Vadakekkara village use the land for a peeling shed. And Mr.Nazar has some unused fish tank in the affected property. The other 10 families use the land for agriculture purpose. Many of them have a big number of coconut trees, areca nut, and palm trees in their dry land. Only one land is seen as open land.

5.2 Families which are indirectly impacted by the project No family or individual is indirectly affected due to the project

5.3 Inventory of productive assets and significant lands Cultivation of various crops, fish farming and peeling shed are the means of income of the individuals/families will be affected. As per the estimation the project will result in the loss of the below mentioned agricultural products.

Table 5.3.1 Showing Crops likely to be affected by the proposed Land Acquisition Sl No Crop Quantity

1 Nutmeg 2 2 Coconut tree 22 3 Areca nut 14

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, 25

4 Palm 3 5 Teak tree 2 6 Paruthi Tree 2 7 Mahagani 2 8 Tamarind Tree 1 9 Jackfruit tree 1 10 Golden shower tree( Kanikonna) 1

While the proposed land is acquired, 2 nutmeg trees, 22 coconut trees, 14 areca nuts, 3 palm trees, 2 teak, 2 Paruthi, 2 Mahagani, and one Tamarind, jack fruit and golden shower tree.

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CHAPTER 6 SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE

6.1 Demographic details The demographic details such as, name of the village they belong to, age group and gender, religious group, marital status, family pattern, and economic status of the project affected families are included in this section.

Table 6.1 .1 The name of the village

Frequenc Perce y nt Vadakkekara 5 45.5 Moothakunnam 6 54.5 Total 11 100.0

Table 6.1.1 depicts that among the 11 affected families the 5 family is from Vadakekkara village and 6 families from Moothakunnam village. Table 6.1.2 Age Group and Gender

Gender Age in years Total Male Female 0-18 6 2 8 19-30 9 5 14 31-45 - 4 4 46-59 10 6 16 60 and above 2 5 7 Total 27 22 49

Social Impact Assessment Draft Report– Land Acquisition for Chettikkad-Kunjithai and Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad Bridge and Approach Road’, 27

Table no 6.1.3 Religious groups

Frequency Percent

Hindu 9 81.81 Christian 1 9.09 Muslim 1 9.09 Total 11 100.0

The major portion of Hindu community is affected, 9 among the 11 families belongs to Hindu community. The remaining 2 affected families belong to Christian and Muslim community respectively.

Table no 6.1.4 Marital Status

Marital Status

Married 24 Unmarried 22 Widow 3 Total 49

Among the total 49 project affected persons 24 are married, 22 are unmarried and 3 widows are also included.

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Table no 6.1.5 Family Pattern Frequenc Percent y Joint 1 9.09 Nuclear 10 90.90 Total 11 100.0

All the affected families belongs to both nuclear and joint family but the majority is the nuclear family

Table no. 6.1.6 Economic status

Frequency Percen t APL 9 81.8 BPL 2 18.2 Total 11 100.0

Among the 11 families 9 families have APL ration card and 2 families with BPL ration Card.

6.2 Vulnerable group The vulnerable group includes nearly 7 elderly people above 60, 8 children (below 18 years) and 3 widows

6.3 Land Use and Livelihood The proposed land is used mainly for the cultivation of crops and some land used for peeling shed and unused fish tanks.

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6.4 Local economic activities The major economic activity affected by the proposed project will be agriculture. Table 5.3.1 shows the crops which are cultivated and likely to be affected by the proposed land acquisition. One peeling shed is functioning in the affected area. Apart from this there is no other economic activities going on in the area.

6.5 Factors that contribute to local livelihood. The people in the area mainly depend on agriculture and fishing for their livelihood, there are no other means of commercial activities in the area, the proposed bridge and approach road will enhance the fishing activities by reducing the distance to the Munambam fishing harbor. At the same time the proposed land acquisition will take away the land with agricultural crops in it like coconut, palm, areca nut, teak, Mahagani etc.

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CHAPTER 7 SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT PLAN

7.1 Approaches to Mitigation The impact of the project is the loss of agriculture land for the affected families. Commencement of laws and policies for land acquisition shall mitigate the impact of the proposed project.

7.2 Measures to avoid mitigate and compensate impact Provisions of compensation for the land acquisition under the RTFCTLARR Act, 2013 shall be enough to mitigate impacts regarding loss of land.

7.3. Measures those are included in the terms of Rehabilitation and Resettlement Since there is no displacement due to the project no rehabilitation and resettlement are needed.

7.4. Measures that the Requiring Body has stated it will introduce in the Project Proposal Not Applicable

7.5. Alterations to project design and additional measures that may be required to address the extend and intensity of impacts across various groups as identified during the Social Impact Assessment process Not Applicable.

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CHAPTER 8 SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT PLAN INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK

8.1 Institutional Structures and Key Persons The RTFCTLARR Act, 2013 defines the Administrator appointed by the State Government as the person responsible for the preparation of the Rehabilitation and Resettlement Scheme for affected families of Land Acquisition. Subject to the superintendence, directions, and control of the appropriate Government and the Commissioner for Rehabilitation and Resettlement, the formulation, execution and monitoring of the Rehabilitation & Resettlement Scheme shall be vested in the Administrator. In the Land Acquisition for Construction of Keezhmurikadavu Bridge and Approach Road, the major mitigation measures from the acquisition can be handled by providing the appropriate compensation under the RTFCTLARR Act, 2013.

As per G.O. (Ms.) No.485/2015/RD, dated 23/09/2015, The Kerala State Policy for Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, the District Level Fair Compensation, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Committee comprises the:

. District Collector . Administrator for resettlement and rehabilitation, . Land Acquisition officer, . Finance Officer, . Representatives of the requiring body to take financial decisions on its behalf, . Representatives of Local Self Government Institution will monitor the Rehabilitation Action Plan.

Note: (Since no one is displaced by the project, no rehabilitation is required)

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CHAPTER 9

SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT BUDGET AND FINANCING OF MITIGATION PLAN

9.1. Costs of all resettlement and rehabilitation costs Not Applicable

9.2. Annual budget and plan of action Not Applicable

9.3. Funding sources with breakup Not Applicable

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CHAPTER 10

SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT PLAN MONITORING AND EVALUATION

10.1 Key Monitoring and Evaluative indicators Not Applicable

10.2 Reporting mechanisms and monitoring roles Not Applicable

10.3 Plan of independent evaluation Not Applicable

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CHAPTER 11 ANALYSIS OF COSTS AND BENEFITS AND RECOMMENDATION ON ACQUISITION

11.1 Analysis of costs The proposed land acquisition for Vadakkekara Chettikkad- Kunjithai, Kottuvallikkad- Vavakkad- Bridge and approach road will affect 11 families and nearly 49 people who depend on the land. The majority of acquired land is used for agricultural crops. Only one family has a two storey building inside the plot, but the plot does not have any building permit from the Panchayath. Nearly 7 families have dry land with cultivable crops. A peeling shed and unused fish tanks in the project area are affected and that should be considered for compensation. No other buildings are being affected.

11.2 Analysis of benefits Kunjithai- Chettikkad Bridge and approach road The proposed bridge and approach road will help the people from Kujithai and Machamthuruthu in there travel to Chettikkad, Malyankara, Kottuvallikkad and Munambam as they don’t have to take a long route through Muthakunnam. The proposed bridge will reduce the distance twice the earlier. As the distance between Munambam fishing harbor and Kunjithai fish landing centre decreases it becomes easier and helpful for the fishermen community to enhance their market. This will indeed develop the fishing activities in the area. The proposed road will help number of people who commute to Chettikad church, Malyankara College, HMYHS, Vavakkad- Kottuvallikkad Bridge and approach road The proposed bridge is a dream for the people living in Vavakkad and Kottuvallikkad. The Cherupuzha flowing in between both the places has always

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been a hindrance for the people living in both the places to communicate. This bridge can connect the Munambam and other areas to NH-17 very easily and thereby it will help the fishermen to market their catches easily. Along with that it is useful for the people travelling to SNM college Malyankara, Chettikkad church, HMYSHSS School, Chetikkad service society and other nearby areas.

11.3 Recommendation Considering the benefits over the costs, the proposed project implementation is recommended provided fair compensation is provided to the affected families

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