DFvFIoPMENT PLAN
EAST HONOLULU SUSTAINABLE COMMUNiTIES PLAN
CITY AND COUNTY OF HONOLULU DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING AND PERMITTING
April 1999
Office of the City Clerk Effective Date: July 27, 1999
24-40.2a IIOflOIUIU6—U()
DEVELOPMENT PLANS Sus. Comm. Plan
EAST HONOLULU SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES PLAN
CITY AND COUNTY OF HONOLULU DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING AND PERMITTiNG
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE PREFACE & EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 24-40,6 P.1 The 5tstainahie Communities Plan Process 24-40.6 P.2 Land Use Planning and Management in Honolulu 24-40.7 P.3 Authority of the Development Plans and Sustainable Communities Plans 24-40.7 P 4 Why the Development Plans Have Been Revised 24-40.7 P.5 Executive Summaryof the East Honolulu Sustainable Communities Plan 24-40.8 P.5.1 Chapter 1: East Honolulu’s Role in Oahu’s Development Pattern 24-40-8 P.5.2 Chapter 2: The Vision for East Honolulu’s Future 24-40.8 P.5.3 Chapter 3: Land Use Policies, Principles, and Guidelines 24-40.9 P.5.4 Chapter 4: Public Facilities and Infrastructure Policies and Principles 24-40.10 P.5.5 Chapter 5: Implementation 24-40.12 P5.6 Appendix A 24-40.12
EAST HONOLULU’S ROLE IN OAHU’S DEVELOPMENT PATTERN 24-40.12
2. THE VISION FOR EAST HONOLULU’S FUTURE 24-40.15 2.1 VISION STATEMENT 24-40.15 2.1 .1 Protect Community Resources 24-40.15 2.1.2 Adapt to Changing Community Needs 24-40.15 2.2 KEY ELEMENTS OF THE VISION 24-40.15 2.2.1 Establish Urban Community. Agriculture and Preservation Boundaries 24-40.16 2.2,2 Preserve the Scenic Value of the Koko Head-Makapuu Viewshed 24-40.23 2.2.3 Maintain the Urban Form of Ridge-and-Valley Neighborhoods 24-40.25 2 2.4 Expand Access to Recreational Areas 24-40.25 2.2.5 Protect and Preserve Natural Areas 24-40.26 2.2.6 Adapt Housing Supply to Changing Demographics 24-40.26 2.2.7 Focus Commercial Centers on Serving the Region’s Neighborhoods 24-40.26
3. LAND USE POLiCIES, PRINCIPLES, AND GUIDELINES 24-40.27 3.1 OPEN SPACE PRESERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT 24-40.27 3.1.1 General Policies 24-40.27 3.1.2 Planning Principles 24-40.28 3.1.3 Guidelines 24-40.28 3.1.4 Relationship to Map A-l. Open Space 24-40.37
24—40.3 (Honolulu 6-00) Sus. Comm. Plan REVISED ORDINANCES OF HONOLULU
3.2 ISLAND-BASED PARKS AND RECREATIONAL AREAS 24-40.3 8 3.2.1 Overview 24-40.38 3.2.2 General Policies 24-40.40 3.2.3 Planning Principles 24-40.41 3.2.4 Guidelines 24-40.41 3.3 COMMUNITY-BASED PARKS 24-40.42 3.3.1 Overview 24-40.42 3.3.2 General Policies 24-40.44 3.3.3 Guidelines 24-40.44 3.4 HISTORIC AND CULTURAL RESOURCES 24-40.44 3.4.1 Overview 24-40.44 3.4.2 General Policies 24-40.45 3.4.3 Planning Principles 24-40.46 3.4.4 Guidelines 24-40.46 3.5 RESIDENTIAL USE 24-40.46 3.5.1 Overview 24-40.46 3.5.2 General Policies 24-40.47 3.5.3 Planning Principles 24-40.47 3.5.4 Guidelines 24-40.47 3.6 NONRESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT 24-40.49 3.6.1 Overview 24-40.49 3.6.2 General Policies 24-40.50
3.6.3 Planning Principles 24-40.5 1 3.6.4 Guidelines 24-40.52 3.6.5 OTHER USES NONRESIDENTIAL AREAS 24-40.55
4. PUBLIC FACILITIES AND INFRASTRUCTURE POLICIES AND PRINCIPLES 24-40.55 4.1 TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS 24-40.55 4.1.1 Existing and Planned Roadway Network 24-40.55 4.1.2 Transit System 24-40.56 4. 1.3 Bikeway System 24-40.57 4.1.4 General Policies 24-40.59 4.1.5 Planning Principles and Guidelines 24-40.59 4.2 WATER ALLOCATION AND SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT 24-40.60 4.2.1 General Policies 24-40.61
4.2.2 Planning Principles and Guidelines 24-40.6 1 4.3 WASTEWATER TREATMENT 24-40.62 4.3.1 Sand Island Wastewater Treatment Plant 24-40.62 4.3.2 East Honolulu Wastewater Treatment Plant 24-40.62 4.3.3 General Policies 24-40.63 4.3.4 Planning Principles and Guidelines 24-40.63 4.4 ELECTRICAL POWER DEVELOPMENT 24-40.63 4.4.1 General Policies 24-40.63 4.4.2 Planning Principles and Guidelines 24-40.63 4.5 SOLID WASTE HANDLING AND DISPOSAL 24-40.64 4.5.1 General Policies 24-40.64 4.5.2 Planning Principles and Guidelines 24-40.64
(Honolulu 6-00) 24-40.4
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IMPLEMENTATION
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an DEVELOPMENT PLANS Sus. Comm. Plan § P.5.2
• Establish an Urban Community Boundary to contain the spread of urban development: and Agriculture Boundaries to protect and preserve the regions existing agricultural areas:
• Preserve the scenic value of the Koko Head-Makapuu viewshed;
• Maintain the urban form of ridge-and-valley neighborhoods;
• Expand access to mountain and shoreline recreational areas;
• Protect and preserve natural areas;
• Adapt the housing supply to the region’s changing demographics; and
• Focus the commercial centers on serving the region’s neighborhoods.
P.5.3 Chapter 3: Land Use Policies, Principles, and Guidelines
This chapter presents general policies, planning principles and guidelines for the major concerns related to land use in East Honolulu. General policies related to each land use type are summarized below:
P.5.3.1 Open Space Preservation:
• Protect scenic views. provide recreation and promote access to shoreline and mountain areas.
• I)efine the boundaries of communities and provide fire safety buffers.
Create a linear system of landscaped pathways along roadways and drainage ways.
P.5.3.2 Island-Based Parks and Recreation:
• Employ appropriate screening and siting.
• Ensure environmental compatibility in the design and construction of park facilities.
• Integrate recreational opportunities with the characteristics of the surrounding community.
P.5.3.3 Community-Based Parks:
• Increase the inventory of community-based parks to provide appropriately located sports and recreation facilities.
• Modify recreation facilities and increase access to school facilities to respond to changing demographic profiles and recreation needs.
• Require developers of new residential projects to provide land Foropen space and recreation purposes, rather than paying the park dedication fee.
• Pursue development of linear parkways along streams and drainage channels.
24—40.9 (lionolutu 6-99) Sus. Comm. Plan § P.5.3.4 REVISEL) ORDINANCES OF HONOLULU
P.5.3.4 Historic and Cultural Resources:
• Recommend in situ preservattoti and appropriate protection for sites with high preservation value.
• Determine appropriate treatment for a historic site hy the particular qualities of the site and its relationship to the surroundings.
• Determine the degree of access appropriate to promotion and preservation of the historic, cultural and educational value of each site.
P.5.3.5 Residential Uses:
• Increase the region’s housing capacity primarily through infill development of existing residential areas.
• Respond to the changing needs of East Honolulu’s aging population by providing for development of a variety of housing opportunities affordable to low- and moderate-income, gap group, and other elderly households.
• Modify residential street design to provide emphasis on safe, accessible, convenient and comfortable pedestrian routes. bus stops and bike routes.
P.5.3.6 Nonresidential Development:
• Identify and define commercial uses in various categories appropriate to the character and needs of East Honolulu’s communities, including: neighborhood commercial centers: the regional town center; and areas supporting resort and institutional uses.
• Limit the growth of commercial centers, resorts and institutions to current sites.
P.5.4 Chapter 4: Public Facilities and Infrastructure Policies and Principles
This chapter presents general policies and planning principles ftr the major concerns related to public facilities and infrastructure in East Honolulu. General policies related to each facility type are summarized below:
P.5.4.1 Transportation Systems:
• Reduce reliance on the private passenger vehicle by promoting transportation system management (e.g., contraflow lane operations) and travel demand management (e.g., transit, carpool and vanpool programs) measures for both commuting and local trips.
• Provide adequate and improved mobility between communities, shopping, and recreation centers, especially by enhancing pedestrian, bicycle and transit modes of travel.
• Maintain adequate person-carrying capacity for peak-period commuting to and from work in the Primary Urban Center.
P.5.4.2 Water Systems Development:
• Integrate management of all potable and nonpotahie water sources, including groundwater, stream water, storm water, and effluent, following State and City legislative mandates.
(Honolulu 6-’j9) 2440. 10 DEVELOPMENT PLANS Sus. Comm. Plan § P.5.4.2
Adopt and implement water conservation practices in the design of new developments and the modification of existing uses, including landscaped areas.
P.5.4.3 Wastewater Treatment:
• Connect all wastewater produced within the Urban Community Boundary area to a municipal or publicly regulated sewer service system.
• Treat and reuse, where feasible, wastewater effluent as a water conservation measure.
• Provide buffer zones and landscape elements between the East Honolulu WWTP and adjacent residential designated areas.
P.5.4.4 Electrical Power Development:
• Design system elements and incrementally replace facilities such as substations, transmission linesand towers to avoid or mitigate any potential adverse impacts on scenic and natural resource values and to enhance system reliability.
P.5.4.5 Solid Waste Handling and Disposal:
• Continue efforts to establish more efficient waste diversion and collection systems.
• Expand the use of automated refuse collection in residential areas.
P.5.4.6 Drainage Systems:
• Promote drainage system design, which emphasizes control and minimization of nonpoint source pollution and the retention of storm water on-site and in wetlands.
• View storm water as a potential irregular source of water for recharge of the aquifer that should be retained for absorption rather than quickly moved to coastal waters.
• Select natural and man-made vegetated drainageways and retention basins as the preferred solution to drainage problems wherever they can promote water recharge, help control nonpoint source pollution, and provide passive recreation benefits.
• Keep drainageways clear of debris to avoid the flooding problems that have occurred in the past.
P.5.4.7 School Facilities:
• Approve new residential developments only after the State Department of Education certifies that adequate school facilities will be available when the development is completed.
• Require that developers pay their fair share of all costs needed to ensure provision of adequate school facilities for the children living in their developments.
P.5.4.8 Civic and Public Safety Facilities:
• Provide adequate staffing and facilities to ensure effectiveand efficient delivery of basic governmental service
24—40.11 (Honolulu 6-99) Sus. Comm. Plan § P.5.4.8 REVISEI) ORDINANCES OF HONOLUI,LJ
and protection of public safety.
P.5.5 Chapter 5: Implementation
This chapter discusses the various measures that will he necessary to ensure timely implementation of the plan. including those measures that will minimize disruption during the transition into the plan. Among the measures addressed by this chapter, changes to the zoning maps and the Land Use Ordinance will he necessary to achieve required consistency with the Sustainable Communities Plan, as will various other regulatory codes and standards. This chapter also addresses monitoring of plan implementation and provides lbr comprehensive review of the plan at five-year intervals.
P.5.6 Appendix A
The appendix provides three color maps that illustrate some of the plan’s textual provisions. Because these maps are intended merely to be illustrative of the text, if there are any conflicts between the maps and the text. the text shall prevail.
1. EAST HONOLULU’S ROLE IN OAHU’S DEVELOPMENT PATTERN
The General Plan of the City and County of Honolulu designates the East Honolulu Development Plan Area (DPA), shown in Figure 1-1, as an urban fringe area to remain predominantly residential with limited future population growth. General Plan policies call for developing and maintaining development characteristics which make East Honolulu a desirable place to live.
The present land use pattern and suburban character of East Honolulu began to take shape with the inauguration of the master planned community of Hawaii Kai in 1961. Prior to that time, most of this region was regarded as too far removed from Honolulu to be suitable for large scale residential development. Building on the momentum that Hawaii Kai was creating in the 1960s and 1970s, residential development spread quickly to the valleys of Karniloiki and Kalama and to Mariner’s Ridge. With the development of newer communities at Kamehame Ridge, Hawaii Loa Ridge, and portions of Waialae lki, most of the ridges and valleys in East Honolulu from Kahala to Kalama Valley have been developed with residential use. In the past two decades, however, the rate of urban growth in East Honolulu has slowed as the availability of suitable development sites has diminished.
This update reaffirms East Honolulu’s role in Oahu’s development pattern as intended in the General Plan policies by establishing the following principles for future land use and development in the East Honolulu Sustainable Conirnunities Plan:
• Limit the potential for new housing in the region so that significant residential growth is directed instead to the Primary Urban Center, Ewa, and Central Oahu Development Plan Areas.
• Limit the expansion of commercial centers and economic activity in the region to promote the development and growth of employment in the Primary Urban Center. and potentially the designated secondary urban center in the Ewa Development Plan Area.
• Maintain the region’s predominantly low-rise, low-density form of residential development.
• Avoid flood damage, slippage and other problems associated with development of steep slopes and sites with expansive soils.
(I flhiOhLiIU6-)9) 24—1.O.12 DEVELOPMENT PLANS Sus. Comm. Plan § 1
• Utilize the design capacity of Kalanianaole Highway, the region’s key component of transportation, as a means to manage urban growth.
• Preserve scenic views of ridges, upper valley slopes, shoreline aieas from Kalanianaole Highway and from popular hiking trails that extend from Koko Head to Makapuu Head.
• Promote access to mountain and shoreline resources for recreational purposes and traditional hunting, fishing, gathering, religious, and cultural practices.
24-40. 13 (Ileno!ulu 6-9)) Figure 1-1 Development Plan Areas for Oahu
KahuAv
Waimea
CD
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z Kaena Mokapu
P&! Harixi Koko Head
Kalae!oa
© DEVELOPMENT PLANS Stis. (‘omm Plan § 2
2. THE VISION FOR EAST HONOLULU’S FUTURE
This chapter presents a statement of the vision for East Honolulu’s future, discusses the key elements of the vision, and presents illustrative maps and tables.
2.1 VISION STATEMENT
The vision for East Honolulu extends to the year 2020. This is the horizon that was used to project potential residential development capacity of the region. Between 1995 and 2020, East Honolulu is projected to experience minimal population growth. According to projections prepared in 1995 by the City’s Planning Department, East Honolulu’s population might he expected to increase from 45,850 in 1995 to approximately 51,800 by 2020, or by less than one percent per year. Population growth of this magnitude is not expected to generate significant demand for additional commercial development in the region. As discussed below, the vision for East Honolulu focuses on the long-term protection of community resources and adapting to changing community needs.
2.1.1 PRoTECT CoMMuNITY RESOURCES The East Honolulu Sustainable Communities Plan provides a vision for preservation, conservation, and enhancement of community resources.
• Protect Natural and Scenic Resources. Significant scenic views of ridges, upper valley slopes, and shoreline areas from Kalanianaole Highway and scenic views from popular hiking trails that extend from Koko Head to Makapuu Head must he protected. Furthermore, access to shoreline areas and mountainous regions will he improved and provided for all to use.
• Preserve Cultural and Historical Resources. These resources will he preserved by retaining visual landmarks and significant views, and by preserving significant historic, cultural, and archaeological features from East Honolulu’s past.
2.1.2 ADAPTTO CHANGING C0MMuNH’v NEEDs
Although East Honolulu is nearly built out, it will be essential that the changing demographics of the region’s communities be addressed. East Honolulu’s growing elderly population, trend of older couples or “empty nesters” moving out of single-family dwellings and younger families moving in, and observed increase in “multigeneration” households will likely require different housing types and services.
In addition, the region’s housing stock and infrastructure systems are aging. Incrementally, existing structures and facilities will be modified, expanded, or replaced due to obsolescence. Sustainable Communities Plan policies provide long-term direction for this gradual physical transformation.
2.2 KEY ELEMENTS OF THE VISION
The vision for East Honolulu’s future will be implemented through the following key elements:
• Urban community, agriculture and preservation boundaries;
• The Koko Head-Makapuu scenic district;
• Ridge-and-valley neighborhoods;
• Mauka-makai recreational access;
24-40. 15 (Honolulu 6-99) Sus (‘omm. Plan § 2.2 REVISEI) CR1 )INAN( ES I. )E Fit )N()l .151.15
• Protection and preservation of natural areas:
• Ilousing stability:
• Hawaii Kai Town (‘enter; and
• Neighborhood-oriented services.
Each of these elements is discussed below.
2.2.1 Establish Urban Coniinuiiity, AgricuitLire and Preseration Boundaries
Three types of boundaries have been established to guide development and preserve open space and agriculture areas. These are the Urban Community Boundary. the Agriculture Boundary and the Preservation Boundary. It is intended these boundaries will remain fixed through the 202() planning horizon. L’heyare intended to help guide future development, redevelopment, and resource management within existing zoning designations or future zoning designations and other standards or guidelines that may he developed in response to the provisions of this plan, other established entitlements, or in accordance with pertinent policy and character described in this plan.
2.2.1.1 Urban Community Boundary
The Urban Community Boundary is established to define and contain the intended extent of urbanized or “built—up” areas within the East Honolulu district. The purpose is to accommodate modest increases in population. to provide adequate lands for facilities or other groupings of built uses needed to support established communities while protecting lands outside this boundary for agriculture and other resource and open space values. Areas within this boundary characteristically include extensive tracts of residential or commercial development clearly distinguishable from undeveloped or more “natural” portions of the region’s environment. The Urban Community Boundary may include areas designated “park” or “preservation.’ or areas with development-related hazards such as steep slopes or unstable soils; it is intended these areas will not be developed with uses unsuitable to their designations or in ways that may tend to exacerbate those hazards.
The Urban Community Boundary is intended to confine most new development to “infill” sites that are adjacent to existing urbanized areas. A more compact form of development will result in relatively lower site development costs, more efficient utilization of existing urban infrastructure systems, and reduced reliance on the automobile by making transit ridership. walking, and bicycling more feasible and attractive as modes of travel.
The purpose of the Urban Community Boundary (see F’igLlre 2-I) is to confine the spread of urban development while providing sufficient inventory of developable land to accommodate anticipated urban growth in the region through 2020. It is generally coterininous with the State Urban l)istrict boundary. hut excludes the following areas of the State Urban I)istrict: .
(IlonolLilu (99 24—40.16 .5 ci .
Figure 2-1 Urban Community Boundary
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z Areas Outside Urban Community Boundary C State Urban District H but Within State Urban District ‘.5) ______
Sus. Comm. Plan 2.2. 1.1 REVISEI) QRDINAN(’ES OF HONOIJ.JLI I
• Areas which are committed to agricultural use by long-term leases (i.e. the farm lot subdivisions in Kamilonui Valley and adjacent to Kaiser High School);
• Undeveloped areas in Karnilonui Valley which are adjacent to existing agricultural uses;
• Large tracts of undeveloped lands at higher elevations that are prominently visible from the coastal highway or other public areas and are desirable natural scenic features; and
• Significant undeveloped Urban District land areas which the U.S. Geological Survey has identified as suspect areas for land movement.’ (see Figure 2-2).
The six main objectives of the Urban Community Boundary are to:
• Avoid Development of hazardous Areas. Undeveloped lands on the fringes of urbanized areas which are characterized by steep slopes or unstable soils are placed outside of the Urban ‘Community Boundary to prevent potential property damage and threat to public safety. These physical constraints also increase site development costs, which are passed on to housing consumers.
• Support General Plan Policy. Consistent with General Plan policy Housing Objective B, Policy 1, which aims to encourage the State government to coordinate its urban-area designations with the developmental policies of the City and County, the Urban Community Boundary indicates an appropriate adjustment to the State Land Use Urban District boundary.
• Support Agricultural Uses. Two areas in Hawaii Kai are placed outside of the Urban Community Boundary to recognize agricultural lots whose lease terms extend beyond 2020. Preventing the encroachment of suburban residential development within and surrounding these subdivisions supports active use of these lots for agricultural purposes.
. U.S. GeologtcalSurvey, Relation a! .cloa’-nzos’mgla,id.slide.s to earth ,naterials and tnhertavtor.s in valleys of the Honolulu Distrirt of Oahu, Hawaii, Open- File Report 95-218. prepared in cooperation with the City and County of Honolulu, Department of Public Works (1995).
(Honolulu 6-99) 24-40.18 0
Figure 2-2 Suspect Areas for Land Movement
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C’ N Sou,e (IS GeobgISJNey 195 Sus. Comm. Plan § 2.2. 1.1 RLiVISF.I) ORDiNANCES OF HONOI .tJI.tJ
• Provide Sufficient Capacity for Projected Growth. Even with the amount of land reserved for parks arid open space, there is ampie capacity within the (Jrhan Community l3oundary to accommodate anticipated residential and commercial development to 2020 (see Figure 2-3). The Urban Community Boundary can . accommodate approximately 2.600 potential new housing units (see Table 2-1). Combined with existing 1995 housing units, this translates to a total potential population in East Honolulu of between 48,30() and 52,600, which is consistent with the Planning I)epartment’s projected population for the year 2020.
‘fable 2-1 Capacity for Growth within the Urban Community Boundary Potential New Housing Units On Vacant Usable Lands Parcels 5 Acres and Larger 1.800 Parcels Less than S Acres 700 Ohana Units 100 Total Potential New Housing Units 2,600 Potential Population From New Housing Units 6,200 - 6.800 From Existing 1995 Housing Units 42.100 - 45.900 Total Potential Population 48,300 - 52.600 Planning Department Projected 2020 5 1.800 Population Total Potential Population Over (Under) Planning Department Projected 2020 Population Persons (3,500) - 800 ci Percent (6.7%) - 1.5%
(Honolulu 6-99) 24-40.20 . .
Figure 2-3 Vacant Usable Lands Available for Development Within the Urban Growth Boundary
S URBAN CENTER/
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2
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0’ 3000 6000 20O0’
EJ State ConservaUon District Urban Growth Boundary
C State Urban District Vacant Usable Lands Available for Development H C H Sits. Comm. Plan § 2.2.1 1 REVISFI) ORDINAN(’ES OF HONOLUI .tJ
• Promote an Efficient Pattern of Urban Development. The Urban Community Boundary contines most new development to ‘infihl” sites that are adjacent to existing urbanized areas on relatively level terrain. A more compact form of development on the coastal plain will result in relatively lower site development costs, more efficient utilization of existing urban infrastructure systems, and reduced reliance on the automobile by making transit ridership, walking, and bicycling more Lasihle and attractive as modes of travel.
• Protect Natural and Scenic Resources. By contracting the potential area for new urban development through the Urban Community Boundary, significant natural landscape features can be protected from physical changes that will permanently impair their scenic value. These scenic landscape elements include the ridges and valley walls that are visible from Kalanianaole Highway, particularly in the area between Koko Head and Makapuu Point (see Figure 2-4).
2.2.1.2 Agriculture Boundary
The Agriculture Boundary is established to protect the region’s agricultural lands for their economic and open space values. The primary use of all lands within the Agriculture Boundary must be agriculture or directly supportive of the agriculture industry.
Two areas in Hawaii Kai are placed within the Agriculture Boundary to recognize agricultural lots whose lease terms extend beyond 2020 (i.e.. the farm lot subdivisions in Kamilonui Valley and adjacent to Kaiser High School). In addition, undeveloped areas in Kamilonui Valley which are adjacent to existing agricultural uses are placed within the Agriculture Boundary. Preventing the encroachment of suburban residential development within and surrounding the existing subdivisions supports active use of these lots for agricultural purposes.
2.2.1.3 Preservation Boundary
The Preservation Boundary is established to protect undeveloped lands which form an important part of the region’s open space fabric but that are not valued primarily for agricultural uses. Such lands include important wildlife habitat, archaeological or historic sites, significant landforrns or landscapes over which significant views are available, and development-related hazard areas.
The Preservation Boundary generally circumscribes undeveloped lands that:
• Are necessary for protection of watersheds, water resources and water supplies;
• Are necessary for the conservation, preservation and enhancement of sites with scenic, historic, archaeological or ecological significance;
• Are necessary for providing and preserving park lands, wilderness and beach reserves, and for conserving natural ecosystems of endemic plants, fish and wildlife, for forestry, and other activities related to these uses;
• Are located at an elevation below the maximum inland line of the zone of wave action, and marine waters, fishponds, and tidepools unless otherwise designated;
• Are generally characterized by topography, soils, climate or other related environmental factors that may not be normally adaptable or presently needed for urban community or agriculture use;
• Have general slopes of 20 percent or more which provide for open space amenities andlor scenic values;
(Honolulu 6-99) 24-40.22 creation overuse. Head The world-class contribute coastline in Nowhere continues in
The Preserving scenic 2.2.2 scenic The Agriculture • • the one to Are Are attention, Are instability resources rugged Preservation such Regional Queen’s resources, value suitable large. used susceptible of else is to Visual to uses one the coastal recreational boundaries, for easily PRIsERvE grow and of degradation or contiguous on of of Beach Park, for proposed this when state the the the lands Oahu’s offering resources in growing Boundary accessible to lands land’s viewshed island, which Koko significance. or such vicinity, floods necessary city rfIlF. opportunities. of most area between Ka mauka susceptibility facilities Head-Makapuu commercial with includes the of parks and lwi SCENIC has excludes by of popular are the area’s the scenic vehicle. to and soil undeveloped island—wide Koko pressures outside Queen’s exception are the Hanauma makai erosion, resources. VALuE visitor but timber, protection such compatible shoreline. I-lead to While the at I)EvEI landslides region Beach which views features, and the resources of importance OF (Irhan Bay lands open grazing, the easy Overuse, same Makapuu
TIlE 24-40.23 of should Beach from .OPMFNT and threaten with Kaena space. undergoing the (‘ommunity and/or access KOKO time sites Queen’s is hunting. many the health. critical Park he because misuse, coastline, Point the the natural or protected Unlike inundation
benefits Pt IIEM)-MAKAPUU vantage and integrity value areas safety and Rise .ANS to major are Boundary; and of Sandy our and recreation Kaena. among are its the sections of potential located and and points economy erosion by physical attraction of these there public’s Beach welfare enhanced. tsunami this however, ()ahu’s or (see resources elements uses, within should urban damage coastal Park, since VIEwsIIED environment. Figure recreational of to arid including most the encroachment, both Sus. tourism, the also The the should area. of and flooding; must public unique 2-4). Urban Koko a (‘omin. residents publicly be natural requiring continue facilities protected he our needs, Protection by Head-Makapuu and protected Community base Plan reason owned (Honoluiu environment and particularly spectacular it to corrective accessory industry, can through visitors. provide 22. of of Koko from 6-99) also soil the 1.3 or •:.
Figure 2-4
Koko Head - Makapuu Viewshed
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HAHAIONE
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Z Mauna!ua Bay 1’ N 3OO 1V 12
Significant Viewplane View from Hiking (Y from Stationary Point Trail
t . Panoramic Views Prominent Land Feature Sources Iderflffyiog and Managig the Scene Resources vs Hawsd7s Coastal Zone (19751, Coos thu View Study (1987): Dial! Hawaii I(aI EIR (1996), OaIn, UrBan Design Guste . . DEVEI.OPvl[:NL PLANS Stis. Comm. Plan § 2.2.3
2.2.3 MAINlAUN TIlE URBAN FoRM OF Rm(;I-ND-vAI.iF: NF:IGIIBoRlIooDs East Honolulu’s residential communities are1 physically defined by the topography of the region. A series of ridges and valleys serve as natural boundaries separating one community from the next. The first areas to develop. in approximate order, were the coastal plains of Waialae and Wailupe and the flatter valley floors of Ama Haina, Kuliouou, and Niu. Over time, further subdivision into smaller lots, infill lot developments, and home expansions have intensihed the use of these areas. Also, development has extended deeper into the valleys and up the lower slopes of valley walls.
Residential development of hillsides and descending ridges generally followed the development of the coastal plain and valleys. Most of the residential-zoned areas of these hillsides have been fully developed, but there is some vacant residential-zoned land remaining in upper and side slope fringes. Hawaii Kai, located in the eastern portion of the region, is a large, mixed-use master planned community containing a broad mix of housing types. It was inaugurated on a grand scale in the 1960s with the dredging of the coastal wetland ftr a marina, housing subdivisions, and apartment complexes. The master plan encompassed several geographic subareas: the Marina, Hahaione Valley, Mariner’s Ridge, Kamilonui Valley, Kamiloiki Valley, Kamehame Ridge, Kalarna Valley, and Queen’s Beach. Most of these areas have been fully developed, except for Queens Beach, which has been designated for preservation.
Kalanianaole 1-lighway is the linkage between these hillside and valley neighborhoods.. It is a major route for joggers and bicyclists, as well as vehicles, and its attractively landscaped median helps to unify the image of East Honolulu as a distinct region.
With most of Oahu’s future population growth being directed to the Ewa and Central Oahu regions, no major developments are expected in East Honolulu. Growth in East Honolulu should occur by infilling existing built-up areas rather than spreading development onto steep slopes, higher elevations, undeveloped mountain ridges and valley walls, or deeper recesses of the valleys.
The character of existing neighborhoods must not only be protected. but also enhanced through effective design of public and private infrastructure and other community facilities. East Honolulu’s existing communities may need to adapt facilities and services to accommodate the changing composition of the region’s population (see Section 2.2.6).
2.2.4 ExPAND Acciss 10 RECREATIONAl. AREAS
The Koolau Mountain Range provides a wealth of hiking, hunting, and camping opportunities. It is important that access to publicly owned trails be made as unrestricted as possible. (‘ommunities, both open and gated, should cooperate with the State to ensure that visitor parking and access to trails are provided to the public. If these agreements do not work, consideration should he given to condemning land and acquiring public ownership of easements.
Shoreline access has been less problematic in East Honolulu. Existing beach access and rights-of-way should remain and new shoreline access ways should he acquired as the opportunities arise. In particular, at least three public access points should be acquired along Portlock Road in order to meet the City’s standard of public shoreline access at approximately one-quarter mile intervals. Furthermore, access to the Queen’s Beach shoreline. which extends from Koko I-lead Regional Park to Makapuu Point, should he improved through the creation of the proposed Ka Iwi scenic shoreline.
24-40.25 (Honolulu 6-99) Sus. Comm. Plan § 2.2.5 REVISEI) ORDINANUES OF HONOLUI.U
2.2.5 PROTECT ANI) PRESERVE NATURAL AREAs
Natural areas in East Honolulu include (see Chapter 3, Figure 3-2):
• Paiko Lagoon Wildlife Sanctuary;
• Ihiihilauakea Preserve;
• Hanauma Bay Marine Life Conservation District; and
• Queen’s Beach (Ka Iwi scenic shoreline).
These natural areas should continue to be protected and preserved by providing proper management and security to protect endangered species habitat, and by monitoring and regulating uses to avoid overuse and misuse of resources. In addition, steps should be taken to acquire land for the creation of the Ka Iwi scenic shoreline (see Section 3.2.1.2) as a means to protect the area’s rich recreational and scenic resources. Furthermore, the effects of runoff into these areas from any future upland construction will need to be thoroughly examined.
2.2.6 ADAPT HousiNG SUPPLY TO CHANGINGDEMoGRAPhIcs
East Honolulu should remain a relatively stable residential area, with only modest growth in housing stock or changes in household characteristics. In 1990, the owner occupancy rate for East Honolulu was approximately 79 percent compared to 49 percent for the island as a whole. Between 1995 and 2020, the population in East Honolulu is projected to increase by only about 6,000 residents. With minimal population growth, housing stability in East Honolulu will not be affected by rapid growth and new developments.
The composition of East Honolulu’s population, however, could have an impact. East Honolulu has a significant and growing proportion of elderly residents. In 1990, 11.5 percent of the area’s population was 65 years of age or older, an increase from 9.3 percent in 1980. This aging trend, however, is not consistent throughout the region. In the Kuliouou)Kalani Iki area, 17.0 percent of the 1990 population were in the 65 years old and over category. In comparison, only about 7.9 percent of Hawaii Kai residents belonged to this age group.
While this aging trend is consistent with the rest of the island — Oahu’s proportion of elderly residents increased from 7.3 percent in 1980 to 10.9 percent in 1990 — the growth rate of East Honolulu’s elderly population has outpaced that of Oahu as a whole. Between 1980 and 1990, the number of elderly residents in East Honolulu increased by 119.2 percent, compared to an islandwide elderly population growth of 65.2 percent. The aging population in East Honolulu and the island in general is expected to continue into the next century, indicating an increasing need for geriatric services, including long-term and care home services, and alternative living accommodations for seniors, such as retirement communities and group homes.
Despite an overall aging of the population, realtors specializing in this area have observed a trend of older couples or “empty nesters” moving out of single-family dwellings and younger families moving in. However, they have also observed an increase in “multigeneration” households; i.e., aging parents living with adult children and preschool or school-age grandchildren. These changing demographics may require different housing types and could result in changes to mature neighborhoods through the expansion of dwellings or the further addition of “ohana” units on a long-term basis. Zoning and other community guidelines will need to ensure that neighborhood character is not adversely altered by the incremental intensification of existing residential lots.
2.2.7 Focus CoMMERcIAL CENTERS ON SERviNG TIlE REGION’S NEIGHBORHOODS
(Honolulu 6.99) 24-40.26
3.1.1
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24-40.27
AND
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significantly. in
Makapuu
vision
are primarily
gross
direct
this
and
of
floor
from
guidelines.
limited
market
and
Bay.
services.
population
and
for
for
and
leasable
for region.
drainage
Center
job
area
either
visitors.
of
chapter
outside
to
commercial
residential
specialty
Since
Head
East
mostly neighborhood
areas
land
growth
areas
the
could
is
Consequently,
in None
Any
area,
Honolulu’s
region’s
underleased.
area.
growth
will
it
of
will
preservation
the
channels.
are
to
he
is
to
the
stores
signiticant
of
the
increase,
is
use. increased
likely
region.
the
important
he
Sus.
land
Ama
these
East
that
communities
residential
implemented
Primary
scale.
and
Comm.
uses
future.
that
Haina,
Honolulu’s
is
retail
primarily
the
areas
services
the
It
to
forecast
retail
to
are
the
to
land
is
accommodate
Urban
(Honolulu
future
areas
maintaining
Plan
Niu community.
expected
support
Long-term
within
number
spaced
and
for
presently
through
because
oriented
for
Valley,
should
largest
Center
which tenant
office
6-99)
2.2.7
East
the
the
of
at to Sus. Comm. Plan § 3.1.2 REVISE[) ORDINANCES OF HONOI.Uli.i
3.1.2 PLANNLN(; PRThCIPLES
The general policies listed above provide the basis for the following planning principles:
• Provide Passive and Active Open Spaces. The open space system shall consist of areas in both active and passive uses. Active areas include community-based parks. golf courses, and the Hawaii Kai Marina. Passive areas include lands in the State Conservation District, drainage and utility corridors, nature preserves, and tracts of lands left undeveloped because of physical constraints or hazards. Beach parks may be either active or passive, depending on the extent to which the landscape has been modified by grading and construction of facilities and the intensity of public use.
• Promote Accessibility of Recreational Open Space. Public parks and most golf courses will he accessible for recreation use, but the open space system should also promote the accessibility of shoreline and mountain areas (as required by City ordinance). Access to mountain trails and shoreline areas should be readily available. This also includes the need for parking areas.
• Enhance the Visual and Physical Definition of Urban Areas. East Honolulu’s residential communities are physically defined by the topography of the region. A series of ridges and valleys linked by Kalanianaole Highway serve as unofficial boundaries separating one community from the next. Open space or landscaping, however, should be used to visually enhance the separation between communities, particularly along Kalanianaole Highway where ridgelines are less pronounced.
• Dual Use of Roadway and Drainage Corridors. Roadways should be attractively landscaped to serve as linear open space features and create a more inviting environment for walking, jogging and biking. Where physical modification of natural drainageways is necessary to provide adequate flood protection, such modifications should be designed and constructed to maintain habitat and aesthetic values, and to avoid degradation of stream, coastline and near shore water quality.
3.1.3 GuIDEUNEs
The following provides a brief description of regional opeii space resources in East Honolulu. followed by guidelines for carrying out the general policies and planning principles related to each open space element.
3.1.3.1 Mountain Areas
Seventeen major trails, inventoried by the State Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR), provide access to the mountainous areas of East Honolulu. Three of these trails (see Figure 3-1) are actively managed by the State’s Na Ala Hele program:
• Hawaii Loa Ridge Trail. This trail begins at the top of the Hawaii Loa community and extends 2 miles to the crest of the Koolau Range.
• Kuliouou Valley Trail. Beginning at the back of Kuliouou Valley, this trail runs for 0.6 mile to approximately the 440-foot contour.
• Kuliouou Ridge (Koko Head) Trail. This 2.5-mile trail is an extension of the Kuliouou Valley trail, extending to the crest of the Koolaus.
Public access to the Hawaii Loa Ridge trail and the Wiliwilinui trail atop Waialae Iki has been a source of controversy because residents of these communities and large landowners are concerned about liability, security,
(Honolulu 6-99) 24—40.28 DEVELOPMENT PLANS Sus. Comm. Plan § 3. 1.3. 1 and loss of privacy with the use of private roads by hikers and hunters. C’onsequently. hikers driving to the trails have been subjected to certain restrictions, including signing of waivers of liability, parking at the base of the ridge. or no access at all.
24-40.29 (Honolulu 6-99) z .
JD Figure 3-1 Public Parks and Recreation Areas
KOOUPOKO .: :-.. . -. PRIMARY ... :. . . c:.. DP AREA .
.... URBAN f.;: . CENTER . . -. ...
...... DPAREA ...... 9 II I 1’ I / ) I ‘Makpuu I - Point ( KALAMA I I VALLEY I ‘ 1HAHAIONE J I ‘ VALLEY U 1: Z f. • . ‘I: :1 :!.KULIOUOU. ‘ ...... s. HAWAIIKAI Z / ...... 1
AINA F / o Ko CraIe HAINAI tnca Garden
I’ .....
-lanauma Bay / I N 0 3000 6000 12000
Neighborhood/Community! jjjj Existing Recreation Area Trails in State Inventory District Park Proposed Recreation Area Trails Managed by State: Marina D Hawaii Loa Ridge Trail Kuliouou Valley Trail LiZ ExistIng and Proposed Beach Right-of-Way 2 © Kuliouou Ridge (Koko Head) Trail
Q
Guidelines
of
this
normal
residential that
which Water
preserved
serving other
The
farm
however, 3.1.3.2
Guidelines
To
areas,
number
advance,
to
subdiViSionS.
trails
problems.
Mountainous
Natural
•
•
public
•
•
•
•
•
acquiring
conflict
protect
can
areas
Encourage
minimizes
physical
Design
alien
species.
Identify
Avoid Maintain.
lots Provide
Acquire
above
and
existed
supply
such
effects
a
be
and
health
Resources
on
mostly
two
with as
provision
visitor
species.
relating areas.
grown
landowners
important
and
pertaining
disturbances
is
as
Kaiser
long-term
Agricultural
being
and range
and
public
fee
and
is
concentrations
prior
to
of
regions
those
the
habitats
continued
regulations
protect,
locate
sufficient
provide
East
protect
farming.
parking
ownership
economic
This
here.
maintain
impact
consistent
feral
to
of
High
(BLNR)
to
parking
of
uses.
agricultural
resource
feral
Honolulu
buildings
to
in
adjacent
can
public
and
of
and/or
leases
animals,
l’here
endangered
East
mountain
adequate
are
caused
use School
on Areas
in
native
Land
and
In
animals
public
result
conditions
residential
or
Kamilonui
for
provided
of
has
of nearby
turn,
with
I
are
access
is
lonolulu
values
restore
that
easements
small-scale
market.
and
small
urban trail
use
by
also
on
and
and
the
areas
in
used
access
separation
the
areas
this
adversely
and
other
utility
species
the
policy
complaints
urban
authority
users
endangered
human
the
easements
lots
in
to
native
of
associations
development,
overall
can
are
for
other
are
Valley.
slopes
the
the
are
potential
East
easements
facilities
for
for
corridors
should
near
nursery
areas
in
I)EVEI
lead
agricultural
listed
habitats
public.
State
as
activity.
forests
affect
alien
between
agricultural the
puhlic
Honolulu
community
to
of
follows:
although
the
to
from
and
and
State
species.
decide
below:
24—40.3
Conservation
Koko
explicitly
[or
species
operational
that
.OPMENi
and
the
trailhead. should
If
and
to
in
and
and
use.
the
visitor
neighbors conilict
these
agricultural
Conservation
trailheads.
the
ICasihility
are
vegetable
operations
other
Crater
preclude
what
street
short
the
other
uses
and
vision
State
cooperate
accessory
Furthermore,
1
agreements
promote
parking
proximity
important
between uses
PLANS
changes
prevent
and
winter
system.
uses District,
--
Conservation
about
of underlying
production
large-scale
which and
-—
are
promote
agriculture.
on
I
maintenance
to
near
with
the
)istrict
days
overuse
residential
allowed
farming
do
that
and
dust,
an
areas
ecological
steps
the
larger
are
the
not
the
agricultural
are
may
possihie
and
this
State
and
agricultural
compatibility
expected
noise,
with
work,
also
I3LNR
trailheads
I)istrict.
a
and
one
in
in
The
thus
limitation
be
Plan.
remain
of
uses.
these
Kamilonui
zones
and
need
high
misuse
required
in
overspray.
consideration
an
most
encroachment
the
to
Siis.
Kamilonui
to
operation
City
adequate
[n
areas.
to
concentrations
ensure
from
commercially State
with
operations.
remain,
effective
both
he
(‘omm.
by
on
of
should
by
taken
Valley,
threats
nearby
humans
the
developers
Board
To
odors,
areas,
that
the
buffer
in
should
Valley
types
and
prevent
Plan
way
a
enforcement
(Honolulu to
of
access
negotiate,
such of
way
residential an
There
control
individual
and
should
in
suburban
viable
of
between
of Land
to
activity
he
selected
and
of
which
as
3.
avoid
native
crops
other
future
to
6-99)
given
are,
1.3.
fire,
new
the
and
by
the
he
the
in 1 Sus. Comm. Plan 3.1.3.2 REVISEI) ORDINANCES OF HONOLULU
agricultural lands and new residential development with consideration given to topographic barriers, prevailing winds, and the noise or air-borne emissions associated with the type of agricultural operation.
• Designate undeveloped areas in Kamilonui Valley which are on the ewa side of the existing farm lots for agricultural use.
• Promote long-term agricultural leases at reasonable rates consistent with feasible agricultural use by having such areas remain outside the Urban Community Boundary and placing those areas within the Agriculture Boundary.
3.1.3.3 Natural Gulches and Drainageways
The ridges and valleys in East Honolulu form a series of natural drainageways extending across the region. These stream channels are the primary means for carrying water from the inland areas to the sea and are capable of handling runoff from normal rainfall amounts. During periods of intense rainfall, however, a number of these drainageways have experienced flooding problems (see discussion in Chapter 4).
Guidelines concerning natural gulches and drainageways are as follows:
• Preserve the aesthetic and biological values of significant streams, wetlands, natural gulches and other drainageways by providing appropriate setbacks as part of the open space systeirl. These include the perennial streams identified in the Hawaii Stream Assessment prepared by the State Commission on Water Resource Management, wetlands identified by the Army Corps of Engineers andlor identified on the Fish and Wildlife Service’s National Wetland Inventory maps, and other drainageways identified by the Department of Design and Construction or the Department of Planning and Permitting. For other streams, including intermittent streams, applicants for development should he required to show that the open space system will not be significantly impacted and that biological values will not he significantly impacted by not providing setbacks.
• Alter natural gulches within the Urban Community Boundary that are necessary to provide flood protection in a way which preserves aesthetic and biological values to the extent possible, and avoids degradation of stream, coastline and near shore water quality. For example, impacts on biological habitat may be mitigated, as appropriate, by using v-shaped bottom channels for periods of low stream flow, rip-rap boulder lining of stream banks, and streams ide vegetation to shade and cool the waters of the stream.
3.1.3.4 Community-Based Parks
There are approximately 117 acres of community-based parks in East Honolulu. As discussed further in Section 3.3, community-based parks include district, community, neighborhood, and mini parks. The main purpose of community-based parks is to provide active recreation space for residents of the region in the form of playfields and gyms, among others. In addition to meeting the active recreation needs of the region, community-based parks also serve as open space elements and add aesthetic value to the region by providing visual relief from urban land uses.
Guidelines pertaining to community-based parks in East Honolulu are as follows:
• Expand community-based parks in areas where there is a deficit of such facilities and where recreational needs of residents are not being adequately met.
• Design and site structural improvements and landscaping in community-based parks in such a way as to create or add to the aesthetic value of these open space elements.
(Honolutu 6-99) 24-40.32
from value,
value. provides
mauka-rnakai East
3.1.3.6
Guidelines
drainage
siting demarcate
from Waialae
viewplane, appropriate
The
There
Executive
visual
important 3.1.3.5
•
•
•
•
•
additional
Road.
In
are
development
where
development
Physical Wailupe,
Waialae
course
When systems.
Provide
Waialae Honolulu’s
Optimize
stormwater first
Maintain
public
Koko
of
shoreline
As
the
are
relief
redeveloped
golf
residents
Country
management
two
such,
residential
three
elements
the
Golf
the
To
necessary
relating
in
Crater
rights-of-way,
layout
Shoreline
course
for
Golf
from
and
safe
to
to
Kawaikui,
and
courses
this
acquisition
public
meet
the eastern
golf
areas
view
Course,
18-hole
Koko
areas
Koko
shoreline runoff.
visual
and
along
Club
and
lateral,
function
case
Courses
access
adjacent
rather
to
course
to
of
grading
the
or
channels
area
access
Makapuu
the
in
for
are
East
golf
edge
Head
visitors
where
system
Areas
head.
suhdivided.
the
City
demonstrates
access
golf
East
Kalanianaole
and
Kuliouou,
erection
than
safety
through
open
should
of
near
designs
extends
parks
courses
mauka-to-rnakai
Honolulu’s
of
of
urban
contours
courses
and
standard
the
points
additional
Honolulu,
the
golf
suburban
in
fencing
from
to
with
Few
to
Koko
Head.
Waialae
reasons,
an
from
and
the
be
retention
the
of
uses.
courses
golf
to
for
and
in
would
significant
urban
Kalanianaole
maintained
areas
in
sound
shoreline
and
provide
public,
vista
how
Head,
East
of
Koko
or
Highway.
open
East
approximately
Maunalua
In
courses,
pedestrian
particularly
development
public
Golf
water
Country
solid
use
addition
a
context.
need
as
along
points.
Honolulu
harrier
DEVELOPMENT
of
Honolulu;
golf
space
there
vista
Head
while
passive
screening,
view
courses
along
a
harriers.
active features
access
to
and
natural,
as
course
this
from
24-40.33
is Bay
Highway
Club.
system
Access
the
he to
easements
walls
to
amenities
necessary,
a
this between
improved
are
Makapuu
their
drainageways,
acquired
and
shoreline
and
deficiency
latter
have
Beach
at
the
13
Kalanianaole
can
in
stretch
to landscape
listed
approximately
No
untamed
because
miles
help
Hawaii
passive
points
an
open
screen
contribute
a
to
is
additional
Parks
Koko for
urban
to
manicured
a
the
PLANS
to
below:
preserve
along
for
is
are
is
between
members-only
space
(he
adjacent
of
the
to
discussed
limited
they Kai
shoreline
traffic
recreational
landscape
regional
and
Head
treatment,
public
accessible
or
shoreline
the
maximizing
Highway.
extent
this
Championship
in
value
provide
suburban
a
golf
the
one-quarter
shoreline
a
few
appearance.
noise.
Waialae
and
because
road;
urban
significant
access
rnauka
should
possible.
courses
continuity
below.
at
mauka-makai
character
Makapuu.
may
setbacks
areas
to
course.
value.
strategic
two
The
However,
areas,
setting
their
the
of
to
and
along
still
he
portion
are
at
rather
the
two
for
mile
Golf
way
public
maintained.
SO
Sos.
In
potential
Thus,
Makapuu.
either
of
especially
be
The
and can
is
proposed
active
offer
shoreline
locations,
this
Hawaii
addition
they
intervals,
to
pedestrian
Course.
desired.
possible
there
continuous
of
pedestrian
Comm.
preserve
three
modifications
a
end
public
unparalleled
stretch
the
passive
recreation
are
due
to
are
Kai
panoramic
and
golf
tinder
to
from
from
retain
not
the
The
the
The
to
as
at
Plan
However,
(Honolulu
a
access,
recreational
a
golf
and
include
easements.
few
residential
least
one stormwater
residential
Hawaii
properties
courses
necessarily
design
significant
shoreline
Portlock well-used
shoreline
this
or
§
and
bicycle courses
points
scenic
in
3.1.3.5
detain
to
three
6-99)
both
Plan.
view
offer
the
the
and
the
Kai
the are Sus.
Guidelines
(Honolulu
Sea
I
• •
•
• •
•
Comm. Engineering,
areas. Most middle. many strategy Paiko Henry
educational Waialae It Koko Maunalua highway. and educational of referred Point the Wa and
desirable Maintain of Lateral
Provide within from Require intervals. Place strategies Any undeveloped Protect Makapuu
is
the
urban
6M9)
irna roadway
also
Makapuu.
Koko
modification
of
the
Ileadto has of
ocean
pertaining Peninsula
high Kaiser
at
na
Plan
shoreline
the
and
to to Where important
the
Country additional
additional
highway development. Inc..
goal,
least 10. been existing
Presently,
to
Head.
Bay
by
as
protect
priority
shoreline
activities.
and
properties.
preserve from
Fr §
protect
is
xerophytic
Estate. the
supporting
Makapuu.
3.1
a
proposed
hut the
I3each
the
possible. This
passive
and
quarter-mile.
to
Ka
access to Avoid
Club Department
the .3.(,
to
makai
remaining
in
difficult
highlight
on
minimum public shoreline
the
this
unstable
Iwi the
stretch
this in
in
stretch Additional
the
Parks.
The
maintaining
As
golf
the
shoreline this hut
recreation
scenic obstructions, most
as shoreline
along
area
these view the
landscape.
long-term
Mauka-rnakai
of
an
access portion
Porilock
to a
chronic
REVISED section
course
of
of Land of
creation
sandy
354-acre areas
sandy alternative,
to
achieve significant
setbacks
channels
acquisitions
shoreline
shoreline,
some a Kalanianaole
retain
minimum
Utili,ation.
continuous
in
area to of
opportunities.
are
the
and
is
beaches erosion
sections
recreational beach
area
this
the
reaches
of
stable.
because
such
and,
scenic
untamed should ORDINANCES listed
for
along
from
the
is
and shoreline
shoreline makai
is
pursue between
Oahu
areas setbacks
frequented
structures
as if
to should
or
Ka
in
which
visual
below: Highway
lateral possible.
shoreline of Kalanianaole
Vertical
the
preserve 24—40.34
Shoreline he walls
of
accretion
these
iwi
views
landscape the
at
opportunities
and done physical
In
H-i
the
that
provide
have
from Paiko
sequence
scenic
for shoreline
beach addition and
segments.’
scenic Study;
by Hawaii are seawalls
Freeway
in near
expand the
between extends
area
structures
OF
high
appears landscaping,
a
Portlock
residents
constraints,
Peninsula
area’s
from
shoreline.
manner
from Part quality
br
Highway (see FIONOLULU
the
value
to
of
recreational
access
2:
Kal
to
visual
direct,
from
and
the
shoreline
shoreline or
Koko
the
Management
Section
Maunalua
natural
acquire
to
have
Road
of
Marina
of Kalanianaole
which
and
H-I
revetments coastline
he
and
is Koko
access
the
the
fronting
land
designed Head
sate
been
more
occurring
visitors
Freeway
and
3.2.1.2).
Portlock.
at
additional
Koko
access,
preserves shoreline
and
Straiccies value
ownership
Head
entrance public
Bay
approximately
and recommended
to
scenic
extending
prevalent
implement
the the
have
Head to
br
hut
to Makapuu.
Regional
Highway
there
viaduct
only
(1959).
access
screen shoreline
The
Wailupe,
Waialae
between
resources various the pedestrian
no channel
been
to
patterns
in
are
purpose
similar aesthetic
between
from
Makapuu
two to
out
looking
other
constructed
Park
as
continuous
between
one-quarter
recreational
from
This sandy
I3each
Koko
and
Kawaikui,
traffic
a
Hawaii and
locations
and
rights-of-way
public
management
to
of
management
values
Koko
the
the
segment
across
to
Makapuu
this
shoreline
the
viewshed.
Head
Park
Waialae
noise.
provide
coastal
former
Kai
access
extent along
views
i-lead park,
of --
mile
and
and
is
the
and
the
at
of
to
a
3.1.3.7
East
•
•
•
Wednesday
maintenance
destination,
Hanauina
Wildlife
Regional and
through
owned
(Marsilea Ihiihilauakea
Paiko
habitat
uses
water
and
Honolulu
Natural Kuliouou
may
level
Lagoon
by
to
Wildlife
a
within
Park,
threaten
the
villosa),
the
is
cooperative
Bay
varies
mornings,
the
home
and Resources,
endangered
City
Stream
Preserve.
Hanauma Marine
Wildlife
City
administered
Preserves
capital
with
the
to
an
and
restricts
three
and
ephemeral
and
sanctuary
the
agreement
County
Life
Sanctuary.
projects
the
This
Hawaiian
Bay
tides
is
bans
formal
Conservation
1-lanaurna managed
by
the
is
preserve
and
smoking
of
now
due
the
plant
at
daily
with
wildlife
Flonolulu,
occasionally
Stilt
Hanauma
Paiko
City.
to
protected
by
DEVELOPMENT’
appearing
Bay
number
the
is
intrusions
at
as
the
located
District preserves
Lagoon,
the
City.
well
In
MLCI)
24-—4.O.
State
and
Bay.
order
bay.
by
exposes
of
as
only
is
on
This
State
Department
by
visitors
other
(MLCD).
formerly
The
managed
was
to
35
the (see
humans
during
protect
preserve
law.
the
City
southern
migratory
once
PLANS
Figure
that
saline
a
also
The
by
periods
Established
and
coastal
a
of
the
have
popular
the
maintains
3-2):
Land
collects
rim
rnudflats.
adjoining
domesticated
marine
waterhirds.
N
access
of
of
attire
fishpond.
and
the
rainfall.
site
in
entry
resources
Natural
a
beach
1967
Conservancy This
Hanauma
to
pool
for
the
and
The
animals.
is
Sits.
wildlife
by
fishing
park
fed
for
bay.
Resources.
parking
the
proximity
of
Comm.
by
the
Bay
is
i)epartinent
closes
this
a
and
part
sanctuary
of
endangered
freshwater
ridgeline
fees
popular
Hawaii
throw
of
Plan
(I
the
of The used
1OIU)1II1LI
Koko
residential
beach
§
provides
lagoon’s
of
netting.
on
(NCII)
to
3.13.7
visitor
spring
1-lead
Land Ihiihi
6—9))
fund
land on Figure 3-2 Natural Areas
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. 0
The
3.1.4
Guidelines
offers
by
commercial
Center,
Marina
adjacent
The
Residences
3.1.3.8
Guidelines
•
•
•
•
•
•
providing
•
following
community
Parks.
community
space
Mountain
Boundary.
particularly
with transport
provide
Improve
260-acre
Link
Enhance
frontages providing
number
resources,
existing
Implement
residential
Sanctuary
Avoid
particular,
climatic
front
also
to
easy
the
network.
concerning
the
fronting
RF1 1 vIIoxsIIIp
relating
centers,
convenient
Areas
encroachment
the
serves
recreational
residential
Hawaii
of
components
pedestrian
service Hawaii
the
and
and
of
Koko
benefits
facility
Marina
additional
and
visitors,
such
zone.
or
marina
there
management
pedestrians,
the
recreational
convenient
Agricultural
designated
intensification
neighborhood
the
to
as
Marina
the
marina
should
Kai
Kai
as
should
design
the
wildlife
marina
the
for
access
on
use
at
access
Hawaii
and
Towne
Marina
value
of
l-lawaii
pedestrian
commercial
the
focal
or
Hanauma
shall
To
he
the
Shopping
by
admission
considerations
be
desiring
programs
access
value
as
east
have
intensification
preserves
considered between
MAP
way
to
and
regional
no
Areas.
Kai
Center
point he
provides
island-based
parks.
of
Kai
and
and
reduction
launching
designated
of
visual
of
residential
to Towne
A-i,
access
Bay.
to
Marina center
this
along
a
and
for
west
fees.
various
the
in
and
These
open
in
pedestrian
Additions
visit
as protected
OPEN
areas
relief
commercial
open
DEVELOPMENT
two
East
residential
(see
the
This
sides.
a
C’enter,
that
to
the
ramps
in
of
space
means
are
more
and
areas
for
waterfront
commercial
Hawaii
use
the
Section
preservation
Honolulu
space
where
from
SPACE
marina’s
24-40.37
residential
can
could
listed
low-density
to
district
The
water
and
edges,
system in
and
than
Hawaii
are
of
accommodate
the
adjacent
uses
this
feature
Kai
transporting
activity
intense
Hawaii
3.3
bike below:
mooring
include,
to
community-based
one
for
edge. are
locations.
parks remain
zone.
and
that
Shopping
are
below)
centers.
or
Kai
small
path.
zoning
destination
PLANS
as
by
residential
shown
urban human
other
Kai
front
to
in
facilities.
for
The
Shopping
follows:
are
improving
Provided,
otitside
sail
than the
Hawaii
boats
Marina
people
example.
in
shown, the
Center
uses.
urban
marina
on
activity
and
extent
the
by
water.
Map
up
along
use
of
their
vicinity
across motor
In
park
Center,
Kai.
contributes
however,
It
to
the with
facilities uses
as
and
addition,
should
possible.
A-I,
also
monitoring
40
threatens
relationship
the
system well
craft,
designated
a may
the
East
feet
near
of
has
pedestrian
Open
and
waterfront.
not
marina
as
Sus.
the
that
in
in
be
there
a
water
Honolulu’s
to
are
wildlife
around
Koko
the
length.
the
support
be cooling
zoned
Space
Paiko
the
studies, Comm.
any
determined
to
are
general
a
and
Urban sustainability
skiing,
open
barrier
the
bridge
Marina
property
boating
to
the
in
Lagoon
The
sanctuaries.
providing
A
effect
of
regional
an
Appendix
Plan
(Honolulu
limits
space
Community three
shuttle
boating
commercial
location
and
Hawaii
appropriate
in
for
Shopping
more
and
facilities
§
order
Wildlife
fishing.
with
largest
system
those,
3.
on
open
of
them
6-99)
boat
thus
1.3.7
and
Kai
by
A:
of
the
the
to
an In Sus.
3.2 region’s This Map 3.2.1 by
The are of and persons, parks,
description As
provided (Honolulu
• •
•
•
park
general
classified shown
______
Shoreline Comm. Golf
Hazard Boundary. visual region zoological City
Ama Marina. preservation. significant
section
Table Types
Beach/Shoreline Regional A-3,
Nature Beach/Shoreline Rights-of-Way Botanical
beach/shorelineparks,
and
6-c°))
island-based
The
and
Courses. below.
Public
in
Haina,
policies,
contribution
and
recreation
3-1
of
ISLAND-BASED
of OvERviEw presents
Plan
Parks/Reserve Table
Areas.
as
County
location
Hawaii
Parks
East
Areas. DPR
damage at Gardens
parks
island-based
Facilities
§
Paiko
and
3.1.4
3-2,
planning
Honolulu’s
The
Island-Based
an
parks
of Certain
facilities
Parks
of
Kai
(see
Shoreline
Kuliouou,
from
to
overview
East
Peninsula.
Honolulu
three public
the
Marina
and
in
‘fable
beach/shoreline
Honolulu soil
parks
principles,
Appendix
landscape.
undeveloped
golf
Large cultural may
Areas Access services activities. Areas prevent Areas specific recreational
which
parks PARKS
regional
REVISEI)
areas
movement
of
3-1).
are
Department
are is
courses
Parks
include since
island-based
areas
located
developed and
maintained
it
and
designated
contains
lanes
with
development
sites.
types
located
classifies for
A.
and parks,
AND DPR’s
they
sites
recreation
water
that
areas
a
high
in
ORDINANCES lands or
to
right-of-ways,
within
guidelines
of
variety
serve
East
are along
beaches
of
RECREATIONAL eight
outside may
various
plants
for
scenic
standard
primarily are
in parks activities,
for
Parks
within
highly
24-40.38
a
Honolulu
the
the
the
of
serve
island-based areas shown
the
preservation of
hierarchical
and
a
or
recreational
and
and
needs (Jrhan recreation
for
beach
the
and
shoreline
beach/shoreline
susceptible
the
wildlife
for the in
plant
to
nature
development recreational on sunbathing.
the
Recreation
Urban
OF
East
State
preserve are of
entire
island-based
Map parks,
Community
shoreline
HONOLULU all
communities.
shown
parks manner. Honolulu
parks/reserves, and
value. that
park
Urban
Oahu
A-I, and
Community
island
to
AREAS
and
arc
may or
such
types
that areas
picnicking. (DPR)
educational
primarily Open because
of
park.
where
conserve residents.
three
located
District
The
or
Boundary.
were
parks
these include
are
prohlems,
and
in
a
Space
largest
develops
privately
region
residential maintained
East
shown
Boundary
of botanical resources.
outside
facilities,
is
in
that
unique
facilities
and
This
their
appreciation
eight
the
Honolulu.
A-2,
and
of
particularly
previously
have
other
Koko
and
group
operated
the the recreational
most
acres
natural
or
gardens. Urban
by
natural
and
and
The
island maintains Urban
either
other
passive
Head
specialized
includes
the
This
for
support designated
of
location
Land
features.
golf
in
in
DPR. uses
and
and to
golf
experienced Community
every
Figure
is
Ama
value
Makapuu
courses
a ft)llowed
Use;
courses,
regional
system
A
of
parks
1,000
Koa,
and
brief
3-1.
and
for
the
is
The
for
The
including:
3.2.1.1
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
a
park
Hanauma
fee
1,264-acre
Koko
Hawaii
Koko
Sandy
Koko
Koko
Halona
of
was
one
Head
Crater
Crater
Head
Beach
Koko
Job
Blowhole
established
Bay
dollar.
Koko
District
Corps
Rifle
Botanical
Stables
Head
Park
Nature
In
Head
Range
Lookout
Center
exchange
Park
Regional
in
Nature
Section
separately)
Botanical
‘Acreage
Nature
Beach/Shoreline
Park Table
Regional
DPR
Park
1928
Koko
Garden
Hanaurna
Waialae
Wailupe
Maunalua
Kuliouou Sandy
Kawaikui
Regional
Koko
(discussed
Total
Subtotal
(discussed
Type/Name
Island-Based
3-2
Park,
when
3.3).
Parks/Reserves
Crater
Head
for
Park
Beach
Parks
figure
Gardens
and Beach
Beach
Park
the
Beach
Bay
Beach
the Koko
Bay
Regional
in
Botanical
Koko
in
nominal
excludes
Park
City
DEvELoPMENT
Nature
Section Parks
encompasses
Beach
Park
Section
Park
Crater Park
Park
Parks
Head
acquired
24-40.39
Park
charge.
Park
Park
Sandy Garden
3.3)
Botanical
3.3)
in
District
East
the
the
Beach
the
property
Honolulu
most
Park
PLANS
City
Garden
Park,
agreed
(included
popular
from
(listed
Hanaurna
Acreage
to
the
recreation
extend
in
1,242.3
Estate
95
200.0
41.0
50.0
22.6
Bay
1.4’
4.4 4.
3.2
5.4
and
1
of
areas
Sus.
Bernice
maintain
Comm.
in
East
Pauahi
the
(Honolulu
Plan
municipal
Honolulu,
Bishop
§
6-99)
3.2. 1 Sus.
guidelines or In Expansion and Regional
3.2.1.2 compatible use recreational located areas, A to (1988). adjacent A 3.2.1.3 recreation East 3.2.1.4 Wailupe. purpose Queen’s beach All Depending Golf typically reducing water 1995 have 3.2.2 Hawaii use. land (Honolulu
right-of-ways.
1992, protect mix
354-acre
with three
enhancement Collins
Comm.
areas Honolulu’s
courses significant
This by
system
park
and
of
mauka
Kai 6-9)
the
the
of to playfields
Beach/Makapuu
Park golf
flooding
occupying
low
& the
Hanauma
set
opportunities.
Plan
that
of
character
Koko
a on
the
development
Koko Associates
opportunities
Ka State scenic
Executive Beach Plan Golf
GENERAL
through forth are area’s generous
courses
Koko
and
and the
of
could
park
does
Iwi
environmental,
five
Head considered
§ Sandy
head of Other
Department Courses
and
location,
medium
the
and in
shoreline
and 3.2.
Scenic
I-lead
Bay rich
the Koko should 150
not
with
possibly existing
this
Maunalua.
in
nonpoint
proposed
Golf
Regional
Park open
naturally I.
POLIcIEs
Shoreline
uses
East
park’s
Beach envision
to in recreational
is head
extending
I
Development Point
the
Regional
intensity
designated
East
design,
Shoreline
200
be
Course
Master
valuable space
of
area Park
Honolulu
beach adjacent
of accommodate
to
and
economic, pollution
recreational the
region
acres, Ka
Honolulu.
REVISED
Land
Park. Master
development
Further, landscaped
preserve
is
Parks
and
for
property
from
Kalanianaole Iwi
offer Park
uses Plan
parks
proposed
and
by
open Plan
and and
are of Ka kite
pricing
The
Plan scenic
the
Koko by
are was
East public scenic is
and (January
privately
the
Iwi
are
Natural
thus
flying
the
As ORDINANCES space
helping proposed
Ka
DPR
and
a
would
(discussed envisioned
completed.
buffer deed
social
new
shoreline scenic
Maunalua Honolulu.
of
I-lead of in
area’s
mentioned
Iwi
plans
resources.
play
educational li92),
additional
green
and Highway.
as
the
and
24—40.40
golf
Resources
stipulated
require
scenic
retain owned.
impacts.
a
to
fronting
shoreline.
and
Queen’s
other
natural for with Nature p
aesthetic
Makapuu
course
fees
in and
at I.
The Bay,
future
the
storm above,
Section
shoreline,
the
approval
the
outdoor
A
golf
The andlor
will
OF
The
resources
that
Furthermore.
Park. report Waialae
resources
pursuant
Kalanianaole
master
proposed
are
Sandy
Beach/Makapuu
addition
resources
golf HONOLULU waters.
courses provide Hawaii
Head.
38-acre the
use
either
3.2.4).
memberships,
contains
The activities.
by
as
courses
Ka
plan of
Beach,
Country
to
which
it
the
of
This
the
and
Ka
DPR
in Kai
a However,
Iwi in
park is
I-louse
and
continuous
for
the
preservation
East
the Bishop
property
referred
Iwi
elements
Highway
to
scenic
Championship
area
should
Kawaikui,
has the
are
also Golf
will
East There
provide
Club
scenic
Honolulu
Concurrent
Head
new
park
is
no
generally
they
Estate
serve
link
shoreline
planned Course
Honolulu
to,
undergo
he
current
will regarding
is
stretch
course
will
region
shoreline.
was
are
is
restricted educational
the
or
a
Kuliouou,
a
envisioned
Trustees.2
he members-only
is
long-term
highly
practical
existing be
prepared
Golf
5
mostly Resolution
consistent for
plans
no
careful is
development
of
of
and
region.
needed
the proposed
active
courts
open
East
to
Course
land
6 for
The
preservation
built-out public Waialae
and
Koko
properties.
agricultural
purpose as
evaluation.
in
space
recreation
additional
Honolulu
intensive,
or to
with
No. October a
primary
passive
course. and
for means
paved
parks
retain
I-lead
could
and
261
and
the
and
the
the
by
3.2.4.1
The
recreation
3.2.4
The
principles: 3.2.3
The
• •
•
•
•
•
•
educational
following
I)evelop
implementing
Preserve
general
Appropriate
entries, Community
area E,ivironine,ztal
recreation following
features resources —
— - intensive -
—
scenic been principles,
Maintain
Increase
Maintain
Minimize
per—hour
I)evelop
Maintain Convert
where
fully
areas
resources
Passive
GUIDELINEs
PLANNING
with policies
Ka
and/or
and
the
use.
guidelines
general
and
or
areas,
the de’eloped
new
scenic by
and listed
feasible
Koko
and
Iwi
adverse inventory
Integration.
enhance
surrounding
processes
Screening
when
portion
and
enhance,
expanding
or architectural
trails
passive
scenic
facilitate
Compatibility.
for
incorporate
and
above.
(‘rater
policies
roadway.
use
Nature
PIUNcIPLEs
funding
in
island-based
lighting
implement
for
contribute
Koko
in
of
generous
order
of
shoreline
to
in
recreation
and
Kalanianaole
recreation
and
Botanical
island-based
access
the
areas
the
relate
the
Link
Parks
Head
is
around
to
impacts
natural
design.
boundaries
Siting.
extent
available, coastal
retain
Construct
the
recreational
landscape
in through
to
to
to
Regional parks
opportunities.
a
the
island-based
Garden the use.
general
Koko
features
manner
possible,
to
a
Carefully
Highway
parks.
1)EVFLOPMENT
attractiveness
zone
areas
sense
aquatic
and
Island-based
the
the
of
park
(‘rater.
Park’s
screening
with
policies existing
recreation
following:
attractions, or
which
use
where
of
24—40.4
of
important
existing
facilities
between
the
any
life
place.
drought—tolerant site
parks
of
coastal-oriented
site
preserves
lasihle
and
connecting
and
other
parks
active
to
of
parks
and
island-based
and
1
complexes
reduce
East
fishing
avifauna,
Lunalilo
in
planning
that
PLANS
environmentally
and/or
a
recreational
use
playfields
and
are
manner
Honolulu
may
the
the
landscape
part
resources.
roadways,
supportive
I
area’s
plant
creating
principles be
recreational
as
lorne
potential
are
of
parks
which
designed
well
and
the
supported
to
species.
Road
resources
natural
materials
both
as
region’s
by
new
supporting
avoids
of
hikeways,
sensitive
impacts
adverse for
and
utilizing open
to
and
residents
parks.
scenic
the
have
Sandy
by
in
adverse educational
space
abundance Sus.
that
East
island-based
on
area.
aesthetic
[he
walkways,
distinct
facilities
land
quality
are
surrounding
Comm.
Beach
and
general following
Honolulu:
impacts
indigenous
area
In
visitors.
of
and
identities
the
impacts.
to resources
(F
intended
Plan
that policies
iflilulLilU
natural
a
parks
on
landscape
design
provides
25-mile-
planning
areas.
natural
has
§
to 3.2.2
6_Q)(
and
and
and
and
the
not
by
for of Sos. (‘omm. Plan 3.2.4.1 RIv1sLD ORDINANCEs (H’ HoNoL,tJu
• Protect fragile natural resources, such as the wildlife at flanauma Bay Nature Park. Ironi overuse through some form of manageirient control.
3.2.4.2 Active Recreation Areas
• Expand the Koko 1-leadRegional Park boundary to include (iolfCourse 5 and ( properties, thereby increasing East Honolulu’s active recreation areas.
• Locate areas designed for sporting events that attract high numbers of people along major collector streets or accesses that are separated as much as pussible from residential areas and wildlife habitats.
• Minimize the visibility of perimeter fencing along major collector streets, large recreation buildings or structures, lighting, parking lots amidother utilitarian elements through plantings or other appropriate visual screens adjacent to residential areas and major roadways, particularly to sotien the view of the park from above at the roadside vista point along Kalanianaole I lighway.
• Locate bus stops and loading areas at principal entries and adjacent to convenient pedestrian accesses to main activity areas within the park.
• Provide amenities and service facilities to accommodate “tailgate” picnics in parking areas for sporting events, including shading canopy trees within the parking lot as well as nearby picnic tables and outdoor grills.
3.3 COMMUN1TY-BASEI) PARKS
The following section provides an overview and a list of general policies and guidelines pertaining to community— based parks and recreation areas.
3.3.1 OvERvww
Park areas that serve more localii.ed populations are classified as community-based parks. This group includes district, community, and neighborhood parks as well as other, smaller park areas (see Table 3-3).
Table 3-3 Types of DPR Community-Based Parks Average Population rfpi Park rI’e Size (Acres) Service Size 1 Facilities District 20 25,000 Playlields, playcourts, passive areas, gym/recreation complex, swi mining pool Community I() 10.000 Playlields, playcourts, passive areas, recreation building Neighborhood 6 5000 Playlields, playcourts, passive areas. comfort station Mini Park Varies High l)ensity Area Benches, picnic tables, children’s play area
East Honolulu contains a total of approxinmtely 120 acres of community-based parks of which the largest is the 40-acre Koko Head District Park (see Table 3-4). Expansion of the park to 59 acres is proposed by incorporating the adjacent Job Corps site. In East Honolulu, this is the most appropriate location for Sports and active recreation facilities designed for league play and other major sporting events. This complex should also include passive use areas for quiet enjoyment and nature learning activities. These areas can serve as buffers from adjacent residential areas or fromnatural features, such as the slopes of Koko (‘rater. In evaluating community-based recreational park
honolulu 6.c) 24-40.42
requirements,
Kalani
3 Neighhorhood
DPR
pressures
Iki of
Over
households
residents
Neighborhood
for
over
needs.
into However,
Board
East
has
As
Job
District
East
community’s
in needs,
is
elderly
community
a
the
park
suggested
a
account.
the
Neighborhood
Corps
District DPR
Park Table
Cornnrnnity
Honolulu
surplus
has
time.
Iki
surplus
Honolulu.
area region,
Koko
Hahaione
Kamilo Hahaione
Ama
Other
Ama
Kalama
Kamilo
Koko
the
age
neighborhood
facilities
Parks.
no
is
residents
and
Subtotal
as
Type/Name
Community-Based
the
DPR
the (i.e.,
gradually 3-4
site.
has
of
current
Koa
Haina
mentioned
Board
Head
Parks of
Head
in
factors,
of
high
In
while
situation.
balance
composition Board
65.
and
is
Iki
Iki
the
a
Valley
approximately
Moreover,
approximately
East
aging
uses
Neighborhood
Valley
slightly
Neighborhood
deficit
such
However,
Parks
boundaries an
Neighborhood
either
housing
Community
may
Neighborhood
discussion
District
Community
plans
hoard DPR’s
Parks
older
of
area.
Honolulu,
a
such
turned
parents
as
Community
above, standard
East
increase
Neighborhood
of
move
Based
uneven.
area.
children’s
to
as
housing
costs.
as
approximately
of
Honolulu’s
As
Park
population
do
the
acquire
over
the
mentioned
of
the
population in
1101
living
such,
Parks
26
Park
34
on
Park
the
Park land
of
Park
Koko
the
demographic
to
These
Park
exactly
to
Kuliouou-Kalani Park
The
acres
acres
this
two
care
Kuliouou-Kalani Park
stock.
play
requirements.
younger
additional
the
with area
population
in
population
Head
Hawaii
service
acres
Park
trends
of
earlier,
of
for
match
Kuliouou-Kalani
East
areas.
is
and
adult
six
for
community-based
community-based
not
DEVELOPMENT
their
District
per
households.
boundaries
acres. 1
may
Honolulu
Koko
fewer
composition
ratio
Kai
not
Acreage
the
land
this
children
every
aging
standard
24—40.43
in
play only
by
Neighborhood
Iki
park
30.7
(see
40.0
the
18.5
households
for
Head
Park,
6.8
4.1
Iki 6.2
7.2
2.4
6.2
6.0
amount
community
parents
1,000
hawaii
factor
an
used
community-based
Neighborhood
Table
can
and
Total
Mini
Iki
Neighborhood
District
Park
important
There
the
and
and
by
Kokee
Karnole
Koko Wailupe he
Waialae
Nehu
Niu Kuliouou
preschool
persons.
parks
parks.
community
Kal
to
and
distribution
PLANS
the
or
Subtotal
3-3) East
Subtotal
expanded
maturity
with
Parks
consider
Type/Name
neighborhood
Valley
may
are
(iS. Board
type.
may
Neighborhood
Kai
Park
Park
in
would
while
Honolulu’s
related
role
unable
Mini
although
iki
Valley
Census
the
also
I3oard
Neighborhood
Park
or
change
for
Neighborhood
is
area,
when
Neighborhood
in
to
does
of
the
region.
of
school-age
Parks,
park
Park
suggest
be
twice
active
the 59
children
a
to
Bureau.
community-based
hoard Neighborhood
Kuliouou-Kalani
area
neighborhood,
an
with
this
evaluating
not
acres
live
life
as
development
1990
increase as
continued
Park
There
recreation
the
area
has
currently
Ogure
on the
cycle
a
large
compared
by
For
1990
grandchildren)
Park
their housing population
was
a
need
incorporating
Park
purposes
Sus.
higher
Park
is
of
varies
community-based
as
allocated
in
population
only
own
the
for
Park
have
“multi-generation”
facilities
should
Comm.
DPR’s
in
to
Iki
owned share
Kuliouou-Kalani
park
two
the
according
due
one
of
of
the
strong
Neighborhood
to
calculating
Acreage
region.
also
(Honolulu
45,650,
such
to
District
the
lands
standard
Hawaii
of
as
Plan
the
over
of
by
economic
120.8
Kuliouou
residents
46.8
children
be
demand
adjacent
27,430,
0.5
3.3
0.6
2.2
parks
2.5 4.4
9.9
2.
elderly
1.3
to
within
§
taken
time.
1
Any
6.99)
park
park
3.3.1
there
Park
Kai
each
for in Sus. Comm. Plan § 3.3.1 REVISED ORI)INANCES OF HONOLULU new park areas would thus be provided pursuant to the Park Dedication Ordinance in conjunction with private developments. Expansion of community-based park lands is possible in Hawaii Kai, but is limited in the Kuliouou Kalani Iki Neighborhood Board area by the lack of available land. However, there are opportunities to expand the availability of recreational facilities oriented to a younger population in the Kuliouou—KaianiIki area, by jointly. with the Department of Education (DOE), using and improving elementary and intermediate school recreational facilities as community-based parks.
3.3.2 GENERAL POLICIES
General policies pertaining to community-based parks are as follows:
• Increase the inventory of community-based parks, when feasible, to provide sports and recreation facilities for East Honolulu residents in appropriate locations.
• Modify recreation facilities in existing parks and increase access topublic school facilities in areas where there is limited opportunity to expand park space to respond to changing demographic profiles or recreational needs.
• Have new residential development provide land for open and recreation purposes in lieu of payment of a fee for park dedication purposes, if the project is of sufficient size to set aside usable land to meet neighborhood recreational needs.
3.3.3 GUIDELINEs
The following guidelines implement the general policies and planning principles for community-based parks:
• Expand active recreational facilities at Koko Head District Park by incorporating and developing the adjacent Job Corps site.
• Have master plans for development of new parks or redevelopment of existing parks provide for facilities and accessible pathways from surrounding streets to facilitate pedestrian and bicycle access to parks.
• Continue DPR and DOE efforts to co-locate neighborhood or community parks with elementary or intermediate schools. The DPR should also explore ways, through cooperative agreements and mutual indemnifications with the DOE, to design and operate facilities to achieve efficiencies and reduce duplication in the development and use of athletic, recreation, meeting, and parking facilities.
3.4 HISTORIC AND CULTURAL RESOURCES
The following sections provide an overview and a listing of policies, planning principles, and guidelines for the preservation of historic and cultural resources in East Honolulu.
3.4.1 OvERvIEw
In 1930, an archaeological survey of Oahu documented approximately 60 sites in the area now defined as East Honolulu. Many of these sites, however, have since been destroyed by the 1946 tsunami. erosion, or other land 4altering activities such as beach development and construction. Within the Koko Head Regional Park, for example, a survey conducted in 1988 relocated only one of five sites identified in the 193() study. This site, the Koko Head
4IeAllistcr. J. Gilbert. Archaeoloy of ()ahu. (l)33. p. 57.
(Honolulu 6-9) 1 24—40.44 I)EvhLoPMlN1’ PLANs Sus. ( 0mm. Plan § 3.4. 1
Petroglyphs. was discovered in 1899 and is situated near the Lanai Lookout. The petroglyphs have been extensively altered by erosion and vandals since the 1930 survey. hut nevertheless remain significant examples of petroglyph art.
Similarly, in the Queen’s Beach area, approximately 20 sites were documented in the 193() survey. The features included fishing shrines, house platforms, and a habitation cave. Although survey work done in 1984 found none of these sites, the large quantity of sites recorded earlier make it likely that subsurface cultural deposits and scattered human burials remain in the areas within and surrounding Koko I-lead Regional Park.
West of Koko Head, the number of archaeological sites lessens. Sites in this portion of East Honolulu consist of shelters, heiau, and burial caves. Makaniolu Shelter in Kuliouou is on the Hawaii Register of Historic Places, the only such registered site in East honolulu.’ Makaniolu is a large cave in good condition and is a good representative of its class.
Table 3—5lists the significant cultural and historic sites believed to he present in East Honolulu. Although not listed in the table, there are also archaeological sites on undeveloped parcels located deep within the region’s valleys. These areas have not been impacted by the tsunami of 1946 or by previous development activity Some of these areas. however, have been subject to intensive agricultural use in the past.
For example. a recent privately initiated pedestrian survey of surface and possible subsurface material remains was conducted on a parcel located in Kamilonui Valley near the planned extension of Hawaii Kai 2Drive. Three archaeological sites were identified: a single, isolated rock pile feature; a small bedrock cavity containing a human molar; and a historic wall which was prohahly a remnant of a larger complex. ()f these sites, only the bedrock cavity was recommended for in situ preservation.
Table 3-5 Significant Cultural and historic Sites in East honolulu Feature Reference Makapuu Point Lighthouse Kealakipapa Valley Road McAllister Site 3; SHPI) 3 Kaloko l)welling Site SJ-IPD 3997 Kailiili Midden Site SI-IPI) 3990
Koko }Iead Petroglyphs McAllister Site 44; SHPI) 1128 Makapuu Head (‘ave SHPI) 3989 Makaniolu Shelter Kuliouuu Burial Caves (Niii) McAllister Site 53 Source: McAllister. J. Gilbert. Archaeoloey of Oahu (1933): Sterling E.P. and CC’. Summers. Sites of ()ahu (1978).
3.4.2 GF:NERAT. PoLIcws
• Emphasize physical references to East Honolulu’s history and cultural roots.
• Protect existing visual landnmrks and support the creation of new, culturally appropriate landmarks.
• Preserve significant historic features from earlier periods.
‘The U.S. Coast Guard Makaputi Point Lighthouse.also in East Honolulu. is on the National Register of Historic Places. & 2Kusao Kurahashi, Inc. Rezoning Application Report. Proposed Kamilonui 1 Development (August 1997), p.43—51 24-40.45 (Hcrnoiuiu. 6-99) Sus. 3.4.3 The The
3.4.4 The
policies
3.5 3.5.1 general An
(Honolulu With development,
• • •
•
• • •
• •
overview
treatment
following
Comm. following A
Preser’ation Retain,
Compatible that contrasts and of a site
visual integrity Require recommended Determine
by—site Preservation Determine Preservation restrictions. Determine Include
the
ccecsibility.
site.
its
policies
and
and
educational
have
establishment
value
contact.
PLANNING
Public
GuIDEI.INts
basis
planning whenever
Plan Ov1Rvww RESIDENTIAL
its
sight
of
housing
or preservation
planning of
that
high
guidelines
the appropriate the relationship
residential
and
and
sacred Setting.
a
§
Officer.
Officer, in and
lines
detract
particular
I)etermine appropriateness appropriate access such preservation
.4.2
guidelines
consultation care
In
value
principles
capacity
possible.
Protection.
some
principles that
value
PRIN(’IPI.k:S
of
treatment.
apply
should
Determine
to from
Urban of
Hawaiian
development
in
delineation
to
are
a cases,
the
historic
of
the
situ
its
USE historic
in
which preservation
to
significant or
significant
listed
the
value
site,
he REVISFI)
degree
physical East
Community, with
should
Native
destioy
only
Recommend
taken
of however,
site.
the cultural
recognizing
or
are
above:
because
Honolulu
public the
site
of
of
cultural
in
appropriate
for
he
Hawaiian to in
site
surroundings. State
access
the
East
to
vistas can
ORI)INAN(
the used
he
methods those
organizations,
access the
it
boundaries
physical
Agriculture
of
applied take
may
Honolulu planning
1-listoric
in
will
site
original
that
that
to associated
their
situ
features 24—40.46
determine cultural
many
on
he treatment be
should
on
economic would
preservation
good
to integrity
a
increased highly
a
Preservation
and The
site-by-site ES purpose
and
is
existing
site-by-site
forms,
and
and
presented depend
which best
condition
with
and
OF
design
context
setbacks
advisable appropriate
for
Preservation the
use
and
HONOIIJLAJ
promote
archaeological
from archaeological by
and
a
and
owner
the
and
is
upon
historic
of
the
historic
basis
basis
of
sometimes
value Officer.
below.
or
planned and
adjacent direct
State
appropriate
a
“infill”
to
unique
the
its
of historic
in treatment:
in restrictions
restrict
of
site
the
or characteristics
Boundaries
preservation
consultation
consultation
physical
Historic
This
the
residential
cultural
development
uses
by
land
sites
the features.
features.
site
site
access
is the
protection
only
to
on
followed is
and
in contact
for
Preservation
particular
avoid
usually
value
which
criteria
feasible to
of
to
with with implement
adjacent developments.
contain
and
the
protect
of
conflicts
of
and
measures
the
by
the the
a
remaining
historic,
potential
for way
the
significant
qualities
a
site
State use State
uses
description
the
adjacent the
site.
Officer
to the
is
to or
spread
preserve
physical on
br
cultural
Historic
Historic
located.
general
limited
abrupt
value.
vacant
of
a
sites
part
site-
has
the
use
of of DEVELOPMENl PlANS Sus. (oinni. Plan § 3.5.1
lands on the relatively level coastal plain, primarily in the Hawaii Kai area; minor subdivisions of some larger residential lots into smaller parcels at scattered locations throughout the region; and expansions of existing homes to accommodate larger households. While the development ol vacant parcels are readily identified and their effects are more immediately apparent. the physical changes wrought by incremental intensification of residential use in existing built—upneighborhoods through rnmor subdivisions and home expansions will be slower and more subtle. Effective residential lot design standards which limit building height, coverage, paving, and removal of landscaping should he implemented to avoid the long—termcumulative impact of this gradual transformation, which could adversely affect the character of existing neighborhoods.
3.5.2 GENF:tA1. Ik)IJCIIS
The following general policies may be applied to existing and planned residential developments:
• Increase housing capacity in East Honolulu through development of new homes on lots designated for low— density residential use and expansion of existing homes (including ohana units) in built—upresidential neighborhoods.
• Respond to the special needs of an aging population by providing future housing development for a variety of living accommodations which are affordable to low- and moderate-income, gap group, and other elderly households; such as multi—generationhouseholds. group homes, assisted living units, and continuing care retirement communities.
• Modify residential neighborhood street design, where appropriate, to provide greater emphasis on safe, accessible, convenient and comfortable pedestrian routes, bus stops, and bike routes, even if this requires somewhat slower travel speeds or less direct routes and fewer on-street parking spaces for automobiles. This may require review and revision of (‘ity street standards.
3.5.3 PINNIN; PRINCIPIJS
• Physical Character and Definition of Neighborhoods. Establish design guidelines to minimize long-term adverse impacts of new infilldevelopment on surrounding neighborhoods. Encourage use of sloped roof forms with wide overhangs. Enhance the boundaries of existing neighborhoods through the use of landscaping, natural features, and building form and siting. Focus neighborhood activity on the local street, common pedestrian right-of-ways, or recreation areas.
• Transit-, Bicycle- and Pedestrian-Oriented Residential Streets. Encourage bus. pedestrian, and bicycle travel, particularly to reach neighborhood destinations such as schools, parks. and convenience stores, recognizing the need for accessible design and safe travel conditions for elderly andlor disabled people. Implementpassive and active automobile traffic calming measures on residential neighborhood streets and add street trees to provide shading for sidewalks and bus stops.
• Envjro,,mental Compatibility. Encourage energy efficient features, such as the use of solar panels for heating water, and passive solar design, such as the use of window recesses and overhangs and orientation of openings to allow natural cross-ventilation. Also, resource conservation measures such as water constrictors and facilities for the sorting of waste materials for recycling should be incorporated in the design of new development.
3.5.4 GuwF;l.tN:s
Guidelines to implement the general policies and planning principles are provided below:
24—40.47 (Honolulu 6-i9) ______
) ( Sus. ( ‘oinin. Plan 3.5.4. 1 R EVISE1 OR[)INAN( ‘ES )E HON( )l .111.1]
3.5.4.1 Residential I)evelopment
Three categories of urban residential development are recognized by this plait: Residential. Low—DensityApartment and Medium—i)eiisity Apartment. All of tlies categories are found only within the Jrhan (oiluuunity Boundary.
• Residential: l)wellings in this category consist of single—familydetached and attached homes or townhouses with individual entries. I)ensity of development may range from 5—12dwelling units per acre. Building heights generally (10not exceed two stories.
• Low—I)ensity Apartment: [‘his category consists of predominantly 2-3 story townhouse complexes. stacked flats, or low—riseapartment hui Idings: parking provision may comprise a separate story. O’ erahl building height should not exceed 40. Buildings may have elevators and common entries for multiple dwellings.
I)ensity of development may range from I0—30dwelling units per acre. It is intended the Iow—Density Apartment designation will he applied only to sites that have already been developed in a manner that is consistent with the density and building height gLndelines for this category, and to undeveloped areas zoned A—2Apartment District as of the effective date of this plan.’
• Medium-Density Apartment: This category of residential development takes the form of multistory apartment buildings with densities in the range of 25 to 9() dwelling units per acre. It is intended no new Medium—I)ensity Apartment projects will he developed in the region; therefore, this designation is applied only to sites that have already been developed in a manner that is generally consistent with the density and building height guidelines for Mediurn-I)ensity Apart meilt use.
For all existing developments in the Medium-[)ensity Apartment category:
— Maintain building height setbacks and landscaping to reduce the diiect visibility of taller buildings from lower density residential areas and from the streetfront. Possibly add low—riseaccessory buildings within the height setback areas to provide a visual transition from the high—riseapartment building to adjacent areas. Building height should not exceed 90 feet.
— Consider mixed use zoning to permit limited commercial uses. primarily to serve residents of an apartment complex and the immediate neighborhood, depending on site characteristics and adequate justification for the need for such commercial tises based on demand and convenience to residents.
3.5.4.2 Special Needs housing
Special Needs Housing comprise facilities designed for certain segments of the population. such as elderly andlor disabled people. Often such housing includes special features, such as: congregate dining and social rooms laundry, housekeeping and personal assistance services; shuttle bus services for residents; and skilled nursing beds or physical therapy clinics.
• Locate special needs hotising within close proximity to transit services and commercial centers.
• Accommodate an allowable building density of It) to 30 units per acre. not including beds in skilled nursing facilities; designated affordable housing projects may allow densities up to 30 units per acre if designed in a manner compatible with the character of the surrounding residential coinintinity. . iEditors Note: “The effective date of this plan” is July 27, l19o).
(t ionluiii .()() 24—40.48 DEv1LolMENl PL\Ns Sos. (.onim. Plin 3.5.4.2
• Emphasize compatibility between building height and adjacent uses. although the height may vary according to required flood elevation, slope, and roof forni.
• Employ building form. orientation, location of entries, and landscape screening to mainta iii the existing residential scale.
• Ensure compatibility between building scale, tool form, and materials with those of adjacent residential areas.
• This land use is not specifically designated on Map A-2, Urban Land IJse, hut is allowed in all residential areas.
3.5.4.3 Other Uses in Residential Areas
The following uses are not specifically designated on Map A-2. Urban Land Use hut are allowed in all residential areas: elementary schools, parks. churches. community centers. child care centers, and public facilities and utilities serving the area.
3.6 NONRESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
This section provides an overview of nonresidential development in East Honolulu followed by general policies, planning principles, and guidelines for the location, expansion or renovation of such uses. Non—residential use includes retail commercial, office, service-oriented industrial, visitor accommodations, and institutional uses.
3.6.1 OvERvww
East Honolulu has a total of seven commercial centers, which are listed below.
Table 3-6 Commercial Centers in East Honolulu Gross Year Site Area Leasable Shopping Center Opened (Acres) Area Anchor Tenants Hawaii Kai Towne Center 1993 16.1 202.000 Price/Costco. City Mill Koko Marina S.C. [963 15.0 198,300 Foodland; l3en Franklin; Consolidated Theaters; First hawaiian Bank Hawaii Kai S.C. 1981 9.4 133.60() Salèway: Longs NitmValley (‘enter 1962 4.5 89,91() Times Supermarket Ama Haina S.C. 1950 7 69.70() Foodland; Mcl)onalds Hahaione Valley (‘enter 1972 0.5 30.100 Food Pantry Kalarna Village Center 1991 4 19,30() Handi-Pantry Source: International Council of Shopping (‘enters, 1992 i)irectory; interviews with property managers.
Hawaii Kai lowne Center, the largest retail complex in East Honolulu. provides parking for approximately 1,010 vehicles and attracts shoppers from outside the region with “big box” stores - particularly Price/Costco - as anchor tenants. Koko Marina Shopping (‘enter, the second largest complex, includes ocean recreation-related services such as boating equipment and repair amiddive tour headquarters; restatirants and entertainment attractions; and retail shops that serve the needs of both visitors and residents in the area. The market areas for other commercial centers
24-40,49 [tonotu tu 6’i) Sus.Coinn. Plan § 3.6. 1 I.lVLSEl) ORDINANCES ( )I FI0NDU lEE
listed in Table 3—7are limited mostly to the communities for which they are named, emphasizing tood and household products and personal services. In all of these smaller centers, additional floor area could he developed within their existing land areas with more efficient site design. 1lowever. demand for expansion has not been strong. particularly in the smallest of the commercml centers —— Kalima Village. Only the first phase, occupying less than a third of the land area that had been designated iou this project. had been developed as of 1997 and less than half of that developed floor area had been leased.
With the exception of the Japan—AmericaInstitute of Management Science (JAIMS ). which is a private institute. most of East Honolulu’s office inventory is located within and adjacent to the Koko Marina Shopping (‘enter and in two buildings —— Hawaii Kai (‘orporate Plaza and IlawammKamExecutive Plaza —— that are located along Kalanianaole Highway inakai of the Hawaii Kai Towne ( ‘cuter. ‘Ihese areas provide a combined total of nearly 200,000 square feet of oflice floor area, nearly 3() percent of which was vacant as of 1997. Table 3—7lists the locations and spaces that are currently built and occupied:
Table 3-7 Office Inventory in East Honohihi (;ross Year Leasable Office Building Opened Area Occupancy Japan-America Institute of Management 1972 257.000 100% Science (JAIMS) Koko Marina Office Space [963 47.76() 63% Hawaii Kai Executive Plaza 199() 41,582 50% Hawaii Kai Corporate Plaza 1987 39.355 74% Ama Haina Professional I3uilding 1982 22,550 na 1975 2 1.226 90% . Koko head Plaza Hawaii Kai Medical/Office Center 1987 16,598 100%
There is a probable demand for certain light industrial uses that are oriented to the Hawaii Kai community. Such uses could include, among others, small warehousing facilities and appliance and automobile repair shops. However, the anticipated demand for space in this region is not sizable and the type and scale of such uses that may be needed could be conveniently located in a large commercial center with appropriate environmental and aesthetic controls to promote compatibility with adjacent uses. Many of these types of uses are in fact already located within some of East Honolulu’s commercial centers.
East Honolulu has only one resort hotel -- the Kahala Mandarin Hotel -- that was developed nearly 30 years ago and recently underwent major renovation and change in management. No expansion of this resort hotel is anticipated.
3.6.2 GENERAl. PoI.l(’IIs
For purposes of this Plan, the various types of nonresidential uses are defined and designated in four categories: Neighborhood Commercial (‘enter, Regional Town Center. Resort and Institutional. The policies pertaining tocach of these categories are as follows:
• Neighborhood Commercial Center. Designate the Ama Flaina. Niu Valley, Kalama Village. and Hahalone Valley commercial centers as Neighborhood Commercial (‘enters. They shoLuldretain their present purpose and approximate size. The communities served by these Neighborhood Commercial Centers are expected to growth 1995 and 2020. Modest additions of floor area and parking . experience miniiial population between
(Honolulu 6-99) 24-40.50
commercial The
to
3.6.3
•
•
•
the
•
• Physical
- - following
-
- Mix
to
These
Scale
typically
least
direct
purposes Resort
institutions or
in Regional
pedestrian the
services
Kalama
be
could
market
expansion
through
to
of
The
space The
weak. related
in
recreation
The
medium-sized The
should
serve
population
expanded
no
relationship
these
the
tenants
of
one
job
fourth
centers
two
and
he
Hawaii
need
Koko
centers.
and
Uses
PLANNING
in
other
response
the
Linkages
jobs Village
and
collector
located
made
planning
he of
buildings
physical
growth
Town
these
office
amenities.
Purpose
or
needs
Institutional.
to
to
are
services,
creating
resort
component
in
designated
Marina
activities
three
should
in
forecast
renovation
Kai
designate
serve
to
the
buildings
similar
between
this
“service-industrial”
Center.
buildings Center
on
suggests
these
to
of
street
and principles
Towne
destination
linkages
PRNdflLES
components,
may
Regional
five
the
region.
the
these
continue of
Shopping
additional
specialty
for
centers
Accessibility. to
in
Primary shouki
gradually
Neighborhood
of
as
surrounding
or
to
additional
the
to
Create
of
those
this
are
2020
Center,
Prohibit
that
communities,
the
arterial
ten
the
that
retail
1-Towever,
existing
existing
apply
the
Town
in
to
commercial
Regional
through
acres
land
he
focal
shops
of
(‘enter
employment
East
in
are
emphasize
ii
a
and
third
or
he
a given
redesignated
“Regional
East
can
new
highway.
to
land
discussed Neighborhood
other
that
Center.
establishments.
commercial
absorbed
or
Honolulu
point community;
Secondary
commercial
and
neighborhood
component
DEVELOPMENT
Incorporate it
redesign
play
can
Honolulu or
Town
less.
its
Commercial
may
for
had
and
commercial
entertainment
expanded
zone,
for
size
retail
a
play
expansion
24—40.5
within
originally
Town
This
he
in
establishment
The
supporting
Center
below.
by
would
regional
for
of
and
the
possible
Urban
centers,
and
a
the
of
stores
i.e.,
does
uses
the
center
center
site
Commercial
residential
complementary
Center”
region
or
location
the and
land
projected
providing
is
he
sites
uses
typically
Centers.
1
adjacent
design
not in
of
Centers.
been
the
Regional
shopping
and community
attract
contrary
as
to
areas
will
PLANS
may
role
this
the
they
if
would
warrant
Hawaii
well
convert
in
of
personal
relative
the designated
he
amid
in
area,
use.
have
Neighborhood
the
30
presently
ions.
for
a
Center. residents
to
more
The
as
demand
the
composed
Town
large to
percent
he
and
facilities
Hawaii
a
resorts
to
Kai
role
commercial major
up
some
increasing
General
residential
creation
to
contrary
Neighborhood
the
services
convenient
services.
to
Shopping
principal
institution
Center.
However,
for occupy.
with
for
within development
additional
100,000
and
increase
new
Kai
of
to
the
additional
Plan
of
a
Commercial
institutional
promote
to
four
and
Marina
the
schools.
area,
expansion
focus
centers.
It
the
This a
travel
the
(‘onsequently,
Center.
policy.
one-
transportation
is
in
mix
public
in square
because
Sus.
components:
Regional
ground
possible
Commercial
General
the
and
East
may
on
of
area
office
to
of
pedestrian,
routes
hospitals,
Cumin.
number
They
new
marina
The
has
facilities
two-mile
feet
Its
uses
campuses.
of
Honolulu
Centers.
include
of
by
or
space
that
size
the
frontage
Town
Plan
small
neighborhood
its
in
of
second
([hinolulu strengthening
should
and
there Plan
the
of
site
access
proximity
and
floor
and
vacancies
or
Center
designed
policy
bicycle,
remains small
service- radius.
increase
types
Center
region,
In
similar
for
area
ocean
A
should
types
apply
floor
on
area.
6-)9)
3.6.2
fact,
new
and
the
to
at
to
is
of of Sus. (‘omm. PLin REV[S1J) ()RDINAN’LS OF HONOI.I 11.11
and transit access in Neighborhood Commercial (‘enters and the Regional Town (‘enter. Pedestrian and bicycle access is more important for the Neighborhood (‘ommercial (.enters. while transit access is more significant for the Regional ‘l’o ii (enter. Efficiencies and other improvements in traffic and parking conditions could he achieved by redesigning or re-siting parking lots, driveways and alkways and providing shuttle bus and water taxi services between the components ol the Regional Town ( enter.
• Appropriate S’cale andArchitecturaLSlyle. Maintain consistency between the building mass ofa commercial center and its urban and natural setting. The architectural character of commercial centers should respect the surroundine urban and natural features, particularly when located adjacent to a residential area or significant natural or historic Feature. Neighborhood Commercial (‘enters should reflect a residential architectural character. [he Regional Town Center may reflect a more urban architectural character, but future additions or renovations to the Hawaii Kai Towne (‘enter, in particular, should reflect a more positive orientation to its Marina frontage.
• Ent’ironrnentalCoinpatibility. Encourage energy efficient features, such as the use of solar panels for heating water, and passive solar design, such as the use of window recesses and overhangs and orientation of openings to allow natural cross—ventilation. Also, resource conservation measures such as water constrictors and facilities for the sorting of waste materials for recycling should he incorporated in the design of new development.
3.6.4 GUII)EL1NIS
The Following guidelines are intended to implement the general policies and planning principles listed above.
Neighborhood Commercial Centers
• Architectural Character amidBuilding il4ass
— Buildings should maintain a residential character: height, size. and massing of building should be compatible with all adjacent residential areas.
- The total floor area should not exceed lOfl.flO()square feet.
— Gable and hip—formroofs should he encouraged. using breaks in the roof line to reduce the apparent scale of large roof plates.
— Residential character should he expressed by using exterior materials and colors that are typically found in neighborhood houses.
• Vehicular Access
— Access to the parking and loading areas should be from a collector street.
— Permit access to a local residential street only if it is for emergency or secondary access and would not encourage through traffic along the local street.
• Pedestrian and Bicycle Facilities
- There should be at least one pedestrian access from the public sidewalk or other off-site pedestrian pathway to the entrance of establishments in the commercial center that does not require crossing a traffic lane or
(Honolulu 6M9) 24—40.52
Regional
•
•
•
• Pedestrian,
- - Architectural - -
- - Mix ------
-
Visual
the
texture,
Building Avoid
Avoid reflect
The
Portions
with
Enhance
noise City
Permit
Enhance
adjacent
Ensure
Use
Plant Include
residential
Bicycle
Place
There
stop.
parking
of
Town
Marina,
architectural
only
the
Hall.
Uses Screening,
levels
and
disruptive
blank
should
a
parking
service
articulation,
compatibility
a
addition
more of
racks
heights
lot
the
facilities
the
Bicycle,
Center
low-level
landscape
maintain
commercial
areas.
and
Character
in
aisle
Hawaii
facades
Koko
he
residential
industrial
a
should
and
adjacent
should way
a
design
character
Lighting,
of
or
direct
and
and
or
Marina
shade
more
service
driveway.
Kai
color,
screen
on
that
between be
indirect
uses.
Transit
and
center
generally
contrasts
pedestrian
uses Towne
portions
designed
residential character;
services
will
trees
may
and
and
Shopping
of
Building
areas
within
buildings
keep
trees
lighting
the
Facilities
fenestration
be throughout
(‘enter
Signage
not
of
between
to
varied,
behind
for
type.
connection
noise
and
DEVE1.ov1F
or
enclosed
areas.
buildings
provide
exceed
Massing
Center
ocean
be
which
as
that
hedges
size,
to
depending
screened a
the
24—40.53
facades
parking
focus
to
an
are
recreation,
60
buildings.
security
as
meet
design.
buildings
create
from
visible
acceptable
in
feet,
adjacent
a
of
recreationlentertainrnent-oriented
setbacks
that safety
from
NI
lots.
the
activity
on
with
visual
placement,
and
from
PLANS
interior
the
are
Locate,
restaurants.
or
view
to
and
height
be
level
context
visible
or
otherwise
from
interest.
a
with
visible
from security
street readily
walkways
design,
in
setback
addition
street
and
adjacent
simultaneously
and
such
or
and
from
visible
color
visually
requirements
the
and frontages
the
similar
transitions
areas
of
in
the
theme
Hawaii
operate
residential
of
public
the
from
street
signage
by
screened
commercial attractions.
Sus.
for
and
residential
landscaping.
from
uses
uses
Kai
from
entry.
commercial
the
in property
Comm.
areas.
parking
and
such
Marina
particular
public
that
from
street
the
center
areas
generate
(Honolulu
as
Plan
streets
frontages,
lines.
areas.
context
lots.
a
by
complex
Satellite
center.
should to
using
6-99>
a
high
and
bus of Sus. (‘omrn. Plan § 3.6.1 REVISF1) ORDINANCES OF HONO! .t fl,U
a pull—out a traffic lane. — Provide street frontage improvements for bus stops. including a bus shelter and off along all abutting streets which have bus routes.
the commercial — Provide a pedestrian pathway from the bus stop to an entrance to the main building of center. The pathway should he clearly indicated with special paving or markings and covered to provide weather protection. if the commercial center building is not directly connected to the bus shelter.
- Develop a pedestrian route along the marina edges of the l-lawaii Kai Towne Center and the Hawaii Kai Shopping Center. The route should he linked by a pedestrian bridge in order to provide convenient access between the two commercial centers, as well as to enhance the recreational value of the marina.
visit more than one — The marina should not he a harrier for those, particularly pedestrians, desiring to shopping destination along the waterfront. A shuttle boat transport service should be considered as a means of transporting people across the water and thereby linking the Koko Marina Shopping (‘enter on the east side of the marina with the Hawaii Kai Towne (‘enter and the Hawaii Kai Shopping (‘enter on the west side.
- Design bicycle racks to provide security and be visible from the street entry to the commercial center.
• Visual Screening, Lighting and Signage
- Buffer noise and other adverse impacts from parking. loading and service areas from adjacent residential areas by a combination of solid walls or berms and landscaped setbacks.
- Plant a landscape screen, consisting of trees and hedges, along streets fronting parking lots or garages. Shade trees should he planted throughout parking lots.
- Visually screen storage areas for vehicles, equipment. and supplies from the street and adjacent lots by privacy walls and buildings, fronted by landscaping used to soften the appearance of large solid walls.
- Signage may be directly illuminated, but use of direct illumination of building features should be discouraged. High intensity lighting should be shielded to avoid direct visibility from residential areas.
Resorts and Institutions
• Architectural Character and Building Massing
- Reflect in the site plan a campus-like environment with a relatively low building coverage ratio and emphasize attractive landscaping, including water features where appropriate.
- Vary the architectural character, depending on theme and purpose of the use. Portions of buildings that are adjacent to or readily visible from residential areas should reflect a more residential character; or be screened from view from such areas by landscaping.
- Building heights should generally not exceed 60 feet for Institutional use and 70 feet for Resort use. Height setback transitions should be provided from street frontages, the shoreline, and adjacent residential areas.
• Pedestrian, Bicycle, and Transit Facilities
- Provide street frontage improvements for bus stops. including a bus shelter and a pull-out off a traffic lane, along all abutting streets which have hits routes.
(Honolulu 6-99) 24-40.54
Portions
Avenue
The
Honolulu 4.1.1.1
Kai 4.1.1
general This
4.1
improvements.
The
for 4.
of
area
areas.
Elementary
Other
3.6.5
existing
•
PUBLIC
lua/Wai
public
only
vision
are section — — — — —
—
Visual
subject
uses
policies
and avoid
Signage
Visually
privacy Shade
Plant
residential
l3uffer
‘Fhere
instil
Design
institution
of
not
major
to
facilities
far
the
manalo
larger
in
schools,
Keahole
Existing
ExIs’l’IN(; TRANS specifically
describes
OThER
Screening,
ut
the
FACILI’FIES
direct
a
nonresidential
to
East
trees
highway These
should
ion
the
and landscape
walls
roadway’
bicycle
should
appropriate
screen
con’niiunities
institutions
or
or
areas
and
Honolulu
and
should noise visibility
planning
churches,
Street
1Jsis
POR’I’AT
elements
Roadways
resort
resort
and
tIme
he
ANI
Honolulu.
be
infrastructure
were
storage
designated
racks
Lighting
by
arterial existing
ci
buildings.
and
screen,
noiiilluminated
IN
be
consists
a
f)edestrian
PLANNI’i
facility.
areas
zoning
.such
ANI)
will
recently
principles
from
combination
NoNRFshl)INrI,L
planted
are
child
to
other
of
ION
areas
in
he
provide
shown
road,
consisting
and
are
East
residential
INFRASTRUCTURE
on
as
of
controls
care
East
implemented
fronted
S
l’he
adverse
widened
throughout
the
which high for
shown
YSTEMS
six
RoAnw 1 y
Signage
pathway
transit.
to
1-lonolulu
centers,
in
pathway
Urban
Honolulu
vehicles,
security
or
lanes
guide
of
schools.
the
F)[.vEI
by
to
are
of
indirectly
on
solid
impacts
areas.
and
Public
assure
and
landscaping
trees
(three
presented
Map
Land
future
from
in
fire
AIE/s
parking
24—40.55
Ni’:TwORK
should
and
walls
upgraded
and
equipment.
part
bikeway
OPMIN’F
are
is
stations,
and
Facilities
compatibility
A—2,
lanes
the
Kalanianaole
Irom
illuminated.
transportation
Jse
is
indicated he
through
or
hedges.
be
lots.
also
bus
Map.
in
visible
Urban
POLICIES
heriiis
in
used
network
parking.
so
clearly
the
and
each PLANS
stop
and
Map
that
a
application
hut
following
by to
along
other
Land
scenic,
and
hum
direction).
supplies
with
soiten
the
High
are
indicated
special
Flighway
to
in
in
system
loading.
landscaped
Appendix
East
public
entire
an
streets
allowed
ANI)
the
surrounding
Ise
intensity
secondary
the
sections.
entrance
of
symbols.
roam
in
Honolulu
from
development
4.2-mile
with
appearance
facility
PRINCIPLES
(lie
(State
Appendix
One
and
fronting
in
A.
general
the
street
setbacks.
all
lighting
special
of
service
to
The
uses.
Highway
route
residential
and
Street
as
the
stretch
the Sus,
parking
or
well
A
section
policies
utility
lanes
of
paving
in
should
The
main
as
parking
areas
and
for
(
large
East
as
‘oriun.
between
follows:
72).
general
is
and
adjacent
plans
travel uses
lots
concludes
building
aiid
or
designed
from
Honolulu.
he solid
(honolulu
which
entry
commercial
Plan
markings.
or
serving
shielded
principles
for
Ainakoa
between
locations
garages.
walls.
adjacent
lots
§
future
to
ui links
6-99)
with
as
3.ft4
the
the
the
by
a to ______
Sus. (omin. Plan -I. I. 1.1 REVISEI) ()RI)INAN( ‘ES OE FIONOI 11.1
Iugh ( )ccupancy Vehicle ( II( )V ) contra—I low lane. thus pro ding four l-IonoluIn hound lanes during the morning peak between West Ii aleinauman Sti eel and Ainakoa Avenue. This lane is restricted to buses, vanpools. niotorcyc les. and carpools. ( )t her iniprovetnents made to this sect ion of the hiehway include eli—turnlanes, hus turnouts, improved ualtic control systems. amidimproved lighting.
Major r adway collecu ws in East I lonolulu are those leading froni Kalanianaole IIighway into the ridge and valley neighborhoods. Important intersect tons include. bitt are not limited to. Kalaniiki Street. West Hind E)rive.Hawaii Kai Drie. Keahole Street. and Luna do I Ionic Road. Hawaii Kai Drive runs parallel to Kalaniaiiaole Highway
through parts of I laami Kai. [Ioever. because a section ot the planned route for I lawaii Kai I)rive in the Kainilnnui Valley area has hot been completed. it does not function as an additional muankaaccess route linking Maunalna I3av to Ka Iama Valley.
4.1.1.2 Planned Roadways
Planning and development of roadways are the responsibility of the State Department of Transportation and the City Department of Transportation Services. Roadway projects using federal transportation funds also involve the Oahu Metropolitan Planning Organization (OMP()). a joint City—Stateagency.
In November of 1995. ()MP() piepirerl the 2020 Oahu ReionaI Transportation Plan ORTP). According to the ORTP. no major projects are planned for East Honolulu’s roads for the immediate term. In the 2001 —2005time period, the ORTP includes plans to extend the morning 1{OV lane from West Halemnauniau Street to Keahole Street. The existing park-and-ride lot at Keahole Street would he served by this extension. In the 200-2020 period, plans call for the addition of one wesfhound lane from Laukahi Street to the Kilauea Avenue off—ramp. These projects, however, will he re—evaluatedin the 1999 update of the OR’[’P taking the communities’ concerns into consideration.
As mentioned in the previous section. there is an uncompleted section of Hawaii Kai T)rive in the Kamilonui Valley area. While this project is not included in the ORTP. it would he desirable to complete this link to provide for more direct travel from Lunalilo home Road to Kamnilonui Place and to create a new bicycle route (see Section 4. 1.3).
4.1.2 TRANsn’ SYSTEM
On an average weekday, a little less than 40 percent of transit trips on Thel3us are between home and work. Slightly over 40 percent of weekday trips are for other home-based trips (to school, shopping. etc.) The remainder are nonhome—hased trips and trips made by visitors.
East Honolulu is serviced by nine bus routes (see Table 4-1). l3us service in Hawaii Kai is complemented by a park—and—ridefacility on Keahole Street across from the I-Iawaii KaiTowne (‘enter. Park-and-ride facilities, which serve as a central access point for buses and autos, are ideal for lower density areas such as Hawaii Kai.
Table 4-1 Bus Routes Servicing East Honolulu Route Number Route Type General Service Area Within East Honolulu
1 I Irhan Trunk Kalanianaole IIighwav; Ama llama: Ilahaione Valley; Lunalilo Home Road 21 Urban Collector Waialae IkilWaialae Nui . BartonAschman Associates. tnc. Comprehensive Operations Anatvsis of Thellus Svsft’m (Augusi t3, p. t-3 to t-4
itonotutti 6-))) 24-40.56 ______
DEVEIX)PMENT PLANS Sus. Comm. Plan 41.2
Route Number Route Type General Service Area Within East Honolulu 22 Urban Collector Kalanianaole Highway; Hanauma Bay; Sandy Beach; Makapuu 58 Suburban Trunk Kalanianaole Highway; Lunalilo Home Road; Kalama Valley; Makapuu 8() Express Kalanianaole Highway; Lunalilo Home Road; Park & Ride 80A Express (UH) Kalanianaole Highway; Lunalilo Home Road; Kalarna Valley; Park & Ride 8013 Express (Downtown) Kalanianaule Highway; Ama Haina 82 Express Kalanianaole Highway; Kalama Valley; Park & Ride 95 Express Kalaniananle Highway; Lunalilo Home Road; Park & Ride
There are no plans to extend or expand the number of routes. but the frequency and capacity of transit service will be increased by additions to the islandwide bus fleet. Service will also he enhanced by making highway and street improvements designed to make bus travel more efficient, convenient and comfortable.
4.1.3 BIKEWAV SvST1rv
Oahu has 55.4 miles of existing hikeways. Bike Plan Hawaii (1994), a State master plan for hikeways, proposes another 293. 1miles islandwide. The timetable for development will depend upon construction feasibility (including right-of-way acquisition) and funding. Bike Plan Flawaii defines the various types of hikeways:
• Bicycle Route. Any street or highway so designated. for the shared use of bicycles and motor vehicles or pedestrians or both. Bike routes are of two types: a) a widened curb lane in an urban-type area; and b) a paved right shoulder in a rural-type area.
• Bicycle Lane. A portion of a roadway designated by striping, signing, and pavement markings for the preferential or exclusive use of bicycles. Through travel by motor vehicles or pedestrians is not allowed unless specified by law, rule, or ordinance; however, vehicle parking may be allowed for emergencies. Crossfiows by motorists to gain access to driveways or parking facilities are allowed; pedestrian crossflows to gain access to parked vehicles, bus stops. or associated land use is allowed.
• Bicycle Pat!,. A completely separated right-of-way normally designated for the exclusive or semi-exclusive use of bicycles. Through travel by motor vehicles is not allowed unless specified by law, rule, or ordinance. Where such a hicility is adjacent to a roadway. it is separated from the roadway by a significant amount of open space andlor a nmjor physical barrier (such as trees or a considerable change in ground elevation).
In East Honolulu. the existing hikeway system consists of a bike lane along Kalariianaole Highway from Kahala to Lunalilo 1-lomeRoad and a hike route along the LunaliloHonie Road-Hawaii Kai Drive-Kealahou Street corridor (see Figure 4-1).
The State’s hikeway master plan proposes substantial additions to East Honolulu’s bikeway system. Proposed bike lanes would extend from Kalaniannole Highway into Ama Haina, Niti Valley, Hahaione Valley. and Hawaii Kai. A hike route is proposed to he established along Kalanianaolc Highway from Lunalilo Home Road to Kealahou Street. and along the future hawaii Kai Drive section in Karnilonui Valley. Table 4-2 provides details on existing and proposed hikeways in East F-honolulu.
24—40.57 ([loncilulu 6-99) .
C C Figure 4-1 C cd C East Honolulu Bikeway System C
. - -.
-•:
‘S S. -. ••. KOOLAUPOKO PRIMARY DP AREA ...... URBAN:
..-..
. CENTER. ... “S.. . . - DPAREA
.5 5,, .“.••...S :5 5,,.’’’. -.5.’.. ?‘ 7 .5 S.
C .5 kepuu HAWAII KAI Point .5 ...... ‘ ‘ . - KALAMA . ‘ / - VALLEY ) (S 0 KULIOUCU HAHAIONE ..‘. .‘ ‘ .. ... 2 > 2 9 :: oc C —- .• 5•• Cf .‘.,*...,
Maunalua Bay 2 ) I N 3OO 6000
Existing Future
L_. • a B B . a Bike Lane
— — — — . a — Bike Route e 4.1.5 The
4.1.4 • • •
times. Commuter following contraflow Reduce measures - - To - its (‘en Adequate Master Adequate Improved Source: under Hanauma Hawaii Kalanianaole Kalanianaole Hawaii Halemauman Kalanianaole Hind West Wailua Keahole Kawaihae Lunalilo Hawaii Description Flawaii Kealahou Kalanianaole Table East transportation maintain Priority icr. PI,ANNING GENFRL reliance luka Honolulu Hind 10 general 4-2 kr Plan Kai Kai Department Kai Street
Kai
lane Travel. Street years; Home East person-carrying access access I Bay Street both I)rive Street Drive/East proposals I)rive Drive Drive Drive (April operations) Highway Flighway Highway Street Highway on (Hawaii Honolulu’s policies Road system (Kalanianaole commuting Road PolIciEs Priority PRiNCIPLES Bikeways: For to between (Kalanianaole (E. (Kalanianaole the Extension (Kalanianaole (Kawaihae (Kealahou adjacent 1994). of (Kalanianaole commuter Hind private have (Kalanianaole should Hind Transportation, support Kai (Kealahou (Nawiliwili (Lunalilo (Lunalilo and 3 communities, proposals Dr. role capacity a and Dr. Existing travel Drive areas. (Kamilonui timeframe ANI) passenger provide: St. Hwy. St. to as trips, the Hwy. to local Hwy. Wailupe Hwy. to a Home to Home GUII)ELINFS demand Lunalilo St. predominantly Hwy. vision St. for DEvEuPMENr Lunalilo Wailua to Hwy. have the trips. and to to to Hawaii to To peak-period Highways shopping, of Rd. vehicle ohjective Rd. Hawaii Wailea Hawaii Valley to Kealahou for Proposed a
Valley 24-40.59 management under To Kawaihae Home tirneframe Kalanianaole St.) to to Home a - Flawaii Kai Nawiliwili Kilauea multirnodal by area) Kai St.) Kai 5 School) is residential Rd.) and 1)ivision, years; Dr.) promoting Rd.) to St.) commuting Dr.) 1)r.) St.) Kai minimize recreation of PLANS (e.g., Ave.) more Priority Hwy.) St.) Dr.) transportation Bike mass urban transportation than the to centers Plan 2 transit, and fringe impact proposals 10 Hawaii: Route Route Route Route Route Route from Route years. Lane Lane Lane Lane Lane Lane Type Lane Lane Lane Lane in area carpool system of East work population system with have A Sus. Honolulu. and State Length in (miles) in limited 0.3 4.8 2.8 0.4 0.4 0.8 a 0.7 0.5 0.6 1.4 0.9 0.8 5.6 1.2 1.3 1.8 1.1 East Comm. the timeframe vanpool management of growth Primary Honolulu: Hawaii future (Honolulu Priority PLm Existing Existing Existing Existing programs) on of growth, 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Urban travel (e.g., 6-99) 4.1.3 ______
Sus. Comm. Plan § 4.1.5 REVLSEI) ORDINANCES OF EIONOLUIIJ
— Provide improved services and facilities for express buses. such as more frequent. larger-capacity and more comfortable vehicles and expansion of improved park-and—ridefacilities, including possible relocation and rovision of compatible accessory uses.
- Promote ridesharing and vanpooling.
— Increase person-carrying capacity on Kalanianaole Highway for commuter travel without expanding rights- of-way or exacerbating delays in access to the highway from collector streets during peak periods.
• Local Trips. For local trips, the objective is to promote alternative modes of travel and less automobile travel.
— Complete the link between the two built portions of Hawaii Kai Drive in the Kamilonui Valley area, thereby providing an additional mauka access route linking Maunalua Bay to Kalama Valley.
- Modify rights-of-way design in selected areas -- particularly along designated bike lanes and routes. principal pedestrian routes and street crossings, and near bus stops -- change travelway widths or curb radii, pavement texture, introduce appropriate signage, and provide more generous landscaping.
- Provide more convenient pedestrian paths within commercial and other high-activity areas (e.g., from the park-and-ride facility to the Hawaii Kai Towne Center) to encourage people to walk short distances ftr multipurpose trips instead of moving the vehicle to another parking facility.
- Implement a pedestrian system around the Hawaii Kai Marina to improve accessibility to various waterfront locations (see Section 3. 1.3.8).
- Implement traffic calming measures in appropriate residential areas to reduce average motor vehicle speeds and make vehicular routes less direct, thereby increasing safety and enjoyment for pedestrians and bicyclists.
- Design on-street and off-street parking facilities more efficiently to encourage joint use of parking in ways that ensure public safety.
4.2 WATER ALLOCATION AND SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT
In 1987, the State enacted the Water Code (HRS Chapter 174C) in order to protect, control, and regulate the use of the State’s water resources. This Code is implemented through the Hawaii Water Plan which addresses water conservation and supply issues on a statewide level by incorporating county water plans and water-related project plans.
The Oahu Water Management Plan (OWMP), signed into law in 1990, is the City and County of Honolulu’s component of the Hawaii Water Plan. The OWMP sets forth strategies to guide the State Commission on Water Resource Management (CWRM) in planning and managing Oahu’s water resources.
Based on CWRMs 1996 basal permitted uses on Oahu for about 340 million gallons per day (mgd), there is approximately 75 mgd of untapped sustainable yield remaining in the islandwide groundwater supply to be developed. . 2Accounts for interim flow standards. (Honolulu 6.99) 24-40.60 DEVELOPMENT P1.ANS Sus. (‘omm. Plan 4.2
In East [-lonolulu, municipal water is primarily supplied by the Hoard of Water Supply ([3WS). In 1990. East Honolulu consumed 8.7 mgd of potable water, or about six percent of the islandwide total. According tothe BWS, East Honolulu will need a total of approximately 10.0 mgd of potable water by the year 2020, an increase of about 1.3 rngd from 1990, in order to accommodate future residential and commercial growth.
To meet future potable water demand, BWS has identified several potential well sites in the Waialae East and West aquifers which could provide sufficient water supply for East Honolulu. The Waialae West aquifer has a sustainable yield of 4 mgd of which 1.99 mgd is permitted. The Waialae East aquifer has a sustainable yield of 2 mgd of which 0.6 mgd is permitted. The balance of 3.4L mgd available supply consists of low yield, very expensive wells. For the short-term BWS will target those groundwater sites that are economically feasible to develop. Other management strategies identified in the OWMP include water conservation, groundwater development in outlying areas. surface water development, desalination, and water recycling.
BWS long-range plan is to develop new Windward water sources to serve Windward and East Honolulu users. This source development will allow redistribution of water presently pumped to East Honolulu from existing Pearl Harbor and Honolulu sources to accommodate futLiregrowth in the Primary Urban Center and other areas.
4.2.1 GFNERAl. POLICIES
General policies pertaining to East Honolulu’s potable and nonpotable water systems are as follows:
• Integrate management of all potable and nonpotable water sources, including groundwater, stream water, storm water, and effluent, following State and City legislative mandates.
• Adopt and implement water conservation practices in the design of new developments and the modification of existing uses. including landscaped areas.
4.2.2 PLANNING PRINCIPI.Es AND GuIDELINEs
• Development and Allocation of Potable Water. While the State C’WRM has final authority in all matters regarding administration of the State Water Code, the BWS should coordinate development of potable water sources and allocation of all potable water intended for urban use on Oahu. The BWS should certify that adequate potable and nonpotable water is available in order for a new residential or commercial development to be approved. State and private well development projects could then he integrated into and made consistent with City water source development plans.
• Water Conservation Measures. Conserve the use of potable water by implementing the following measures, as feasible and appropriate:
- Low-flush toilets, flow constrictors, and other water conserving devices in commercial and residential developments.
- Indigenous, drought-tolerant plant material and drip irrigation systems in landscaped areas.
- The use of tertiary-treated recycled water for the irrigation of golf courses and other landscaped areas where this would not adversely affect potable groundwater supply.
1Wilson Okamoto & Associates. ()ahu Water Management Plan, Initial Revision of Technical Reference Document (October 996).
24—40.61 (Honolulu 6-99) Sus. Comm. Plan § 4.3 REVISED ORDINANCES OF HONOL,l.Jl.U
4.3 WASTEWATER TREATMENT
East Honolulu is divided into two wastewater service areas. The western portion of the region. from Kahala to Nm Valley. is part of the East Mamala Bay service area. Wastewater from this service area is pumped to the Sand Island Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) via timeAla Moana wastewater pump station. From Kuliouou eastward. sewage is pumped to the privately operated East Honolulu Wastewater Treatment Plant. 4.3.1 SND ISI.ANI) Ws’JEwATIR TREATMENT 1NrPI. The Sand Island WWTP has a design capacity of 82 mgd average flow and is operating at approximately 89 percent capacity. Some components of the collection system, including sewer lines and pump stations, are at or close to 100 percent capacity. Between 1995 and 2020. the [)epartnlent of Environmental Services (ENV) projects that nearly all of the increase in wastewater how at the Sand Island WWTP will he from the Sand Island sewer shed. Wastewater flow generated in East Honolulu, specifically from the Kahala-Niu Valley sewer shed, currently comprises only a very small portion of the total flow to Sand Island and is projected to increase by less than three percent between 1995 and 2020. Therefore, the projected increase from East Honolulu flows will have a negligible impact on capacity demand at the Sand island WWTP. In order to meet future demand throughout the area served by the Sand Island WWTP, the East Mamala Bay Final Wastewater Facilities Plan recommends a combination of increasing capacity and reducing flows via water conservation and rehabilitation projects.
Flows from Kuliouou Valley are currently pumped via the Kuliouou Wastewater Pump Station (WWPS) to the Hawaii Kai system under an existing agreement between the City and East Honolulu Community Services, the private company which owns and operates the Hawaii Kai system and the East Flonolulu WWTP. The average daily flow from the Kuliouou WWPS is about 0.50 mgd and is not projected to increase over the next 25 years. The ENV is conducting an engineering study to evaluate the most cost-effective approach for future disposal of Kuliouou flows. A primary objective is to prevent wastewater spills and provide adequate collection and transmission capacity to accommodate projected high rainfall/peak flow conditions.
4.3.2 EAsT HONOLULU WAsTEwTER TRETN1EN’I’ PLANT
The privately owned East Honolulu WWTP opened in 1965 and is located on the mauka side of Kalanianaole Highway near Sandy Beach. The State Public Utilities (‘omnrnission requires that the plant accept wastewater from public or private sources in the service area.
The plant primarily collects wastewater from residential sources in the l-{awaii Kai. Kuliouou, Paiko, and Portlock communities. Some wastewater is also received from commercial users around Koko Marina. The actual population served by the plant is approxiniately 37.000, or 81 percent of East Honolulu’s 1990 population.
The East Fionolulu WWTP is a partial-tertiary treatment facility. The plant’s design capacity is 5.2 mgd with current flows at approximately 3.8 mgd. The treated effluent is discharged via a 36-inch outfall, 1,400 feet off Sandy Beach at depths between 29 and 45 feet. The receiving waters are classified as “Class A” (generally dry,
open coastal \ateii and “Class 11’’( marine bottom type) by the State Department of Health (DOH). Biosolids from the plant are dried and taken to a municipal landfill.
Under the State of Hawaii’s rules and guidelines for wastewater systems and the treatment and use of reclaimed water, recycled xater from the wastewater facility can be used for irrigation purposes. At present. a 2 mgd
filtration and disinfection facility has heen built to produce R- I rated recycled water for irrigation purposes. As
Ilett Cottins Ilawan East NianiaIa Bay Final Waslewater Facititics i’Ian” ti )eccuiher I 1-7. 4 93). P•
(Honolulu 6-’)9) 24—40.62
4.4.2
The
4.4.1
development
growth.
directs
Areas.
The
power
4.4
4.3.4
The
4.3.3
of
Honol
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
October
following
impacts
Design Hawaiian
designated
use.
should
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Use
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unless
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Honolulu
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Provide
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Implement. Connect
generation
ulii
significant
East
As
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PLANNING
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he
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27.
Buffer
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system.
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all
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KNERA1,
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areas.
for
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1997.
incorporate
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where
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East
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capacity
residential
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elements
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policy
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Honolulu
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regulatory
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source
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mitigate
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POWER
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East
2020.
landscape
apply
Landscape
authorized
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water
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honolulu
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electrical
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elements
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width
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WWTP.
of
lIawaii
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of
uses
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feasible as
24—40.63
the
power
fringe
impacts
source
the
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.(
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Urban
water.
State
water
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the
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satistactory The
area
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Public
municipal
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conservation
Honolulu
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(‘enter.
and
island—wide
I
the
East
and
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appropriate,
Honolulu
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PLANS
in
East
East
odor
wastewater Course
East
other
horizontal
Utilities
lines
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honolulu
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will
Ewa.
projected
agreement
Honolulu
Honolulu
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impacts.
Flonolulu:
wastewater
in
Plan
uses
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to
specific
create
East
to
future
measure.
a
avoid
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Commission
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use
Honolulu:
the
to
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Central
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power
this
WWTP
types
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between
need
have
of
treatment
City
mitigate
recycled
Plan.
regulated
recycled
should
of
demand.
for
plant.
limited
Oahu
and
and
and
with
Sus.
and
landscaping
and
the
additional
any
Department
County remain
adjacent
adjacent
system.
City
the
site-specific
(
water
water
landscape
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or
‘omni.
future
potential
Electrical
State’s
municipal
and
under from
from
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of
island-wide
Plan
elements
residential-
residential-
population
the
Honolulu
rules
of
elements
adverse
the
the
studies private
private
power
Health
§
sewer
6-9)t
Plan
4.3.2
East
East
and to Sus. Comm. Plan § 4.4.2 REVISED QRDINAN(:LS OF FIONOLI JLII
• Facility Routing and Siting Analysis. If any new or relocated substations or transmission lines are necessary, the selection of the route or site of such facilities should avoid or mitigate any potential adverse impacts on scenic and natural resources. Although these Facilities are not shown on the Public Facilities Map, their routes and sites are reviewed and permitted by administrative agencies of the (‘ity.
4.5 SOLID WASTE HANDLING ANI) [)ISPOSAL
Solid waste collection, transport, and disposal operations on the island are provided by the City Department of Environmental Services, Refuse Collection and I)isposal I)ivisiori (primarily single-family curbside pickup) and private haulers (primarily commercial and multifamily pickup). In addition, individuals can haul their own trash to one of six convenience centers around Oahu. The collected refuse is ultimately disposed of either in a waste-to- energy incineration facility or sanitary landfill. Incineration, accounting for approximately 50 percent of the island’s waste disposal, is done at the H-POWER plant, located in the Ewa region. The City’s sanitary landfill is at Waimanalo Gulch, also in the Ewa region, and has a remaining site life to the year 2001 under existing load levels. The City has instituted recycling and other waste diversion programs in a effort to extend the useful life of this landfill.
In East Honolulu, there are presently no convenience centers where residents can dispose of large bulky items, although the Keehi Transfer Station will accept household rubbish and yard waste. For East Honolulu residents, the closest facilities for the disposal of bulky items are at Kapaa and Waiinanalo. There are no plans to locate a convenience center, another transfer station, or a landfill operation in East Honolulu.
4.5.1 GENERAL PoLiciEs
The following general policy applies to solid waste handling and disposal in East Honolulu:
• As waste management and technological innovations occur, East Honolulu can and should play a part in the City’s long—termefforts to establish more efficient waste cliversiomiand collection systems. However, since the region is not expected to contribute significantly to future increases in Oahu’s solid waste management demands and does not contain sites suitable for the processing or disposal of solid waste on an islandwide scale, no short-term significant program changes are planned.
4.5.2 PLANNING PRINCIPLES ANI) GUIDELINES
• Recycling Programs and Facilities. Promote the recycling of waste materials by providing expanded collection facilities and services, and public outreach and education programs.
• Efficient Solid Waste Collection. Expand the use of automated refuse collection in residential areas.
4.6 DRAINAGE SYSTEMS
The streams which drain the valleys of East Honolulu include Waialae iki Stream. Wiliwilinui Stream, Wailupe Stream, Niu Stream, and Kuliouou Stream. These streams begin in the Koolau Range and discharge into Maunalua Bay. The drainage basins are long and narrow and range from 0.3 to 3.2 square miles in area. The upper reaches of the basins are very steep, while the lower reaches are almost flat.
Several drainageways have been prone to flooding during more intense rainstorms. Niu Valley, Kuliouou Valley, and Hahaione Valley, in particular, experienced severe flooding during the New Year’s Eve flood of 1987. Heavy rainfall at the head of the valleys. combined with falling rocks and debris, overwhelmed the capacities of the
(Honolulu 6-99) 24-40.64
Principles
4.6.2
General
4.6.1
natural
Kalanianaole In
and
Furthermore,
a
8,900
study, contributed
A concrete-lined
•
•
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20-year
•
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feet
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guide plan
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the
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interval.
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Improvements.
maintenance
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study
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Along
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health
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stream
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and
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recharge,
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and
the
flood
storm
by
coastal
24-40.65
this
the
be
drainage
pedestriamis
emphasizing
or
as
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is
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possible, of
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water
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help
and
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Flonolulu’s
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and
Also,
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Course,
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Section
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have
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drainage
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Stream,
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order
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drainageway
3.1.3.3.
the
of
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improvements
to
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wide
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consideration
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to
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Sus.
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drainage
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Plan
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basin,
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6-99)
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to
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§
and
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Honolulu,
6-99)
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the
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expenses.
also
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based this Plan
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in
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figures on
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office
allocate
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FACILITIES
are
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some
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have
for
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4-4
Table Honolulu. Public
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high Intermediate
expected Source: Support
the
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to
East
that
involve
the
I3raiich
anticipated
schools
24-40.66
construction
of
significantly
predominate they
Honolulu, Enrollment Head
1994
Education,
by
ES renovation
(1996).
While
school
are
the that
Elementary.
of
1995
OF ______
1,
1,120
operating
existing
Educations for
490
560 have
580 380 530
170
100
such
I1()NO1l. listed
in
K-8
210
( 120 140
50
Nm
residential East
East Facilities in
0
the
expenses Capacity
schools
number
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in
facilities.
Honolulu.
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most
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lonolulu.
Table
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lonolulu
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and
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scale
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For
schools
presence
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this
are
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permanent
The
services
4.8
The
4.7.2
General
4.7.1
•
•
•
•
•
•
City
New
one
developers
Fair
meet
used the
compromising
Shared
and
where
following
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need
Planning
5.5.1 Sustainable
of
he
guide
granted
Sustainable
percent
population
unless
or
considered Communities the adequate
become the
shall
to for
for TO after
l)evelopment
agency the
and
entitlement
transition the zone
DEVELOPMENT
will guidelines,
an
and the
from
GENERAl.
was review
under
East
of
report
and
FROM
and
for
PLAN
utilities
boundaries
adoption
East
initial
a
Plan
project
Oahu’s address
Permitting
Communities
self—contained
change
indicates Communities in accepted public
REVISED
Permitting, new
Honolulu
growth
Development
during
existing
the
and Honolulu
its
will COMMON
project
from Plan
decisions
THE adequacy
developments
Agreement
findings
and
scope East
PLAN
revision
these facilities total
and
application go
the
in
will
are
in
the
vision,
shall
zoning,
implementing
Sustainable
into
an
CURRENT
ORDINANCES
the EAIEIS
Honolulu
Five-Year every
as
and population
Development findings
necessary
PoPuLATION
Plan
remain former
Plan
document. orderly
PROVISIONS
until
and
PLAN which course
conduct effect
Plan part
of
and
land
to
will
(Jnilateral
implements
development
24—40.7
is five
recommended
any
and
should
insure when
of
initiated.
Common
Development
fixed utilities
upon
are
and
manner
uses
review of
Sustainable
REVIEW
reviews. its
to Communities years
a
zoning
SYSTEM in
recommend
actions
a not
comprehensive
raised
assure zone any
report
land
are Plan adequacy
through
adoption 2010.
be
GuIDElINES
AND
OF 2
reliant
Agreements,
thereafter. will
as
and
the
additional
being If
approved
change action Provisions,
use
codes,
as
HONOluLu as
are
required
an
on
adequacy
ExISTING
(ieneral
revisions
he
part This summarize
well
Plan approval Communities
on
Environmental
the
the
still
by
significantly
of
conditions
Plan
available to
the
applications standards,
of
2020
ordinance.
facilities. consistency
as
relatively
further to
review
appropriate.
only
agency
by Development
and It the
Plan
all will
this
are
its to
LANI)
is
the
for
EAJE[S
planning
the
the
approved if
any
relationship otherwise
intended he
population
Sustainable
of
at
implement
C’itys a
the
that
comments
Plan other
changed project,
and Planning
evaluated
theEast
small
the
UsE Assessment
individual
At
are
of
responsible
should
process.
regulations.
General
that
time
Area
the
Plan horizon;
Development submitted
APPRovALs
Urban
the
share
sufficiently
it
Honolulu
policies
project
from
the
time,
Commission
submitted
to
should
of
to Communities
Common Urban
will
he
agencys
vision
see
the
occupancy Plan.
Design
or
of
The
that
therefore,
included
the
City
account
Environmental
fbr
the
if
with
(in
General
he
Community,
I)epartmnent
Sustainable
Sustainable the
described
zoning
and
addressed.
subsequent Plans.
Provisions
Population acceptable
and
islandwide as
Plans
the
findings
regional
and
policies part
for
in
State
those Plan, or
East
Plan
and
will
the
the
4.6
of
if
in
East
conducted,
achievement
Upon
attainment
5.7.3
he
policies,
fulfill
Under
Communities
performance
growth
The
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
reviewed
guidelines.
of Standard
and State
Transportation).
with are
and
to
Subdivision
Traffic
Ordinances
Sustainable
map
Land
General
1-lonolulu
The
from outlying Policy
East
undesirable population
Kapolei
development
completion
the
the
he
public
applied
and
Hawaii
guidelines
principles,
the
for
General
revised
vision
1-lonolulu’s
Use
new
5.3
of
high
the
Standard
3,
REviEw
of
development
transportation East
and
Plan
the
will
and
areas
Plan.
DetaiLc
percent
works
Ordinance.
which
Sustainable
East
the
following
County
to
of
for
ways is
Communities
to objectives
of
spreading
revised,
the
Plan
Honolulu
Rules
of
be
population
local
Honolulu). consistent
vision
in
reflect
the
can
and
East
Honolulu
the
is
construction
AND
for These
urban
the
Manual.
reported
total
to
Division
population
revision
to
E)epartments
and
he
guidelines
Primary
and
5.8
Honolulu
Sustainable
Public
for
regulatory
manage
transportation
REVISION
in
as
maintained.
potential
Communities
(Chapter
policies,
and
most
State
need
of
fringe
percent,
the
Regulations.
the
with
necessary,
distribution
Susiainable
Public
development
Plan.
in
(l)epartment
of
policies
East
Works
Procedures
to
Urban
collector
highway
East
all
physical
share
both
areas
need
selected
Population
set
he
principles, 21,
share
of
codes of
OF
which
right-of-way
Communities Honolulu
forth
revised
Public
Flonolulu
Oahu’s
the
construction envisioned
to Center
for
Revised
of
policies,
DEVELOPMENT
to
Plan:
guidelines
standards
of
streets
growth
DEVELOPMENT’
he
Communities
Ewa
to
and
East
Biennial
maintain in is
(Department
of
is
islandwide
Manual, implement
Works,
revised
consistent
to
Objective
the
Transportation
prevented
and
development
and
region.
standards and
Ordinances
Honolulu
further
principles,
24—40.73
need
Sustainable
Sustainable
and
standards
for
encourage
Plan.
guidelines
need
Central
will
Report
their
(Honolulu
September
to
development
to all
as
population
Vol.
implement
C.
to
with
that
Plan,
reflect
he
continue
and
of
Development
CODES
identified
according
may
consistency
he
Policy
revised
and
of
plans,
Land
Oahu.
used
and
vision.
PLANS
the
development
8,
reviewed
that
Services,
in
Communities
projects
Communities
Honolulu).
warrant
Sustainable
guidelines
L)epartnient
the
Chapter
1984).
projected
in
for
Utilization,
the
current
to
1
the
in
in
to
in
Sustai,zable
the
and
to
subdivision
he
the
20
reflect
suburban
this
policies,
Plan
to
will
and
Population
July
Engineering
used
Five-Year
to
further
Policy
identify
urban-fringe
5.
regulatory
in Zoning
within
plan,
population.
be
implements
effectiveness
areas.
of
Plan
1976.
the
Communities
transportation
Section
Plan
as
pursuant
evaluated
Public
principles,
Sustainable
2,
as and
a
review
Communities
and
the
provisions
and
code
as
guide
Objective
Area.
At
which
well
Review
standards
Secondary
codes
country
revised).
consolidation
Works
how
4
the
and
Sos.
standards
Population
to
as
and
(State
to
against
as
time
is
Chapter
closely
rural
and
and
Assessments
consistency
Plan
direct
policies,
Comm.
which
of
to
Communities
standards
C,
with
revision
character
for
Standards such
standards
Plan.
guidelines
facilitate
the
Policy
Department
Urban
areas
principles
and
the
how
Kauai.
the
they may
(Honolulu
of
Objective
22,
Sustainable
Plan
reviews
principles.
dedication
the
pattern
land
to
so
well
4,
Center
to
meet
Revised
with
conflict
of
the
ensure should of
zoning
Maui.
that §
ranges
which
in
guide
Plan.
need these
6-9))
5.7.2
and
they
this
the
are
the
full
the
of
an
C,
of at Sus. Comm. Plan § 5.7.3 REV1SEL) ORDiNANCES OF HONOLIJI.U
• Storm Drainage Standards (Department ol Public Works. March 1986). Standards for the dedication of drainage systems to incorporate retention basins and the use of v-shaped bottom channels, rip—rapboulder lining of stream banks, and streamside vegetation into the design need to he cieated to further implement the Susia,,iable Communities Plan policies. principles, and guidelines for open space.
• Park Dedication Rules and Regulations (Department of Laud Utilization, pursuant to Chapter 22, Article 7, Revised Ordinances of Honolulu). Regulations need to he reviewed to determine if passive drainage systems which are designed for recreation use should count toward park dedication requirements, especially in cases where the area would exceed the amount of land that would he required under current rules and regulations.
• Wastewater Management Desigit Standards (Department of Wastewater Management 1)esign Standards.
Volumes I and II) and the 1990 Revised Ordinances of Honolulu. Chapter 14 (relating to sewer services). These standards and ordinances may require review to Ilirther implement Si,sI(lumuble (‘ommunities Plan policies and guidelines.
APPENDIX A: CONCEPTUAL MAPS
This appendix includes three primary conceptual maps used to illnstrate the vision for East Honolulu’s future development. The maps include:
Map A-i: Open Space Map A-2: Urban Land Use 14. A 2. 1) ki L’. ‘li’ ap - . uac i1acimcs These maps illustrate the long-range vision of the future of the plan area and the major land use, open space, and public facility policies that are articulated in the plan. In examining these maps the reader should keep in mind that:
1. These maps are intended to he general and conceptual; and
2. They are intended to he illustrative of the plan’s policy statements.
The plan’s textual policy statements, which appear within the body of the plan, are considered to he the most important elements of the plan. The maps are provided merely as illustrations of those policies. If there are any conflicts between the maps and the text of the plan, the text shall prevail.
Each of these three maps depicts the three boundary areas found in East Honolulu. The intention and extent of each boundary are brielly described below, followed by capsulized descriptions of each of the three maps.
A.1 URBAN COMMUNITY BOtJNI)ARY
The Urban Community Boundary (U(’B) is intended to detine and contain the extent of developed or “built—up’’ areas of East Honolulu’s urban fringe communities. Its purpose is to provide an adequate supply of land to support the region’s established suburban communities while protecting lands outside the boundary for agricultural and open space preservation values. Areas within the UCB are generally characterized by extensive tracts of residential or commercial development clearly distinguishable from the undeveloped or more “natural” portion’s of the region.
In East Honolulu, the UCI3 is generally coterminous with the State Urban District boundary, hut excludes the following areas of the State Urban District:
IIIOTIOILIIII6 () 24—4().74
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
The
available,
The
habitat, open
A.3
In
surrounding within Two
terms
of The
values.
A.2
•
•
attention,
instability Have
Are
normally
Are
Are
fishponds, ecosystems
Are Are
or
Are
other
Significant Large
addition,
the
Valley
Undeveloped Areas
Preservation
Preservation
Agriculture
ecological
PRESERVATION
AGRICULTURE
space areas
extend
generally
necessary
susceptible
necessary agriculture
necessary
located
the
general
archaeological
The
public
tracts
that
and
and
Agriculture
in
adaptable
fabric
and
or
undeveloped
the
and primary
beyond
of
Hawaii
are
adjacent
undeveloped
development-related
at
the
areas
of
significance;
slopes
characterized
lands
existing
for
Boundary
areas
endemic
for
Boundary
for
tidepools
an
Boundary
committed
industry.
undeveloped
to
but
land’s
providing
the
elevation
the
2020
floods
and
use
or
Kai
necessary
that
in
of
Boundary.
to
conservation,
or
protection
presently
subdivisions
Kamilonui
BOUNDARY
20
plants,
of
susceptibility areas are
BOUNDARY
Kaiser
are
is
(i.e.,
are
historic
is
unless
Urban
generally
and
established
all
percent
established
to
desirable
and
by
placed
below
not
lands
the
lands
in
agricultural
to
soil
topography,
fish
High
otherwise
preserving
Kamilonui
needed
District
valued
Preventing
of
the
farm
hazard
sites,
Valley
or
erosion, at
the
within
and
within
watersheds,
preservation
circumscribes
supports
protection
School);
natural
more higher
to
to
lot
to
maximum
significant
wildlife,
primarily
for
protect
landslides
areas.
protect
land
DEVELOPMENT
subdivisions
that
designated;
the use
the
park
which soils,
urban
Valley
lands
elevations
the
scenic
active
areas
Agriculture are
Agriculture
by
lands,
of
the
24-40.75
encroachment
water
undeveloped
for
climate and
long-term
provide
adjacent
inland
community for
undergoing
the
undeveloped
and/or
landforrns
region’s
which
that
features;
use
forestry,
enhancement
agricultural
wilderness
health,
in
resources
that
of
are
or
Kamilonui
line
are
inundation
for
Boundary
Boundary
these
to
are
other
agricultural
leases
identified
PLANS
and
safety
and
of
lands existing
open
adjacent
or
or
major
of
prominently
lands
the
lots
and
and
agriculture
related
landscapes
suburban
other
uses.
(i.e.,
of
space which
and
Valley
zone
for
beach
erosion
to
must
water
by
sites
that:
agricultural
as
to
activities
recognize
lands
the
welfare
agricultural
environmental
tsunami
Such
suspect
amenities
of
form existing
with
be
reserves, and
supplies;
residential
farm
visible
use;
wave
over
damage
agriculture for
lands
an
adjacent
scenic,
of
their
areas
and
related
lot
important
agricultural
which
agricultural uses;
the
action,
from
and/or
and
include
subdivisions
purposes.
flooding;
and
economic
public
development
historic,
for
Sus.
factors
to
the
for
to
or
significant
Kaiser
requiring
and land
scenic
these
conserving
directly
part
coastal
Comm.
important
by
lots
that
uses
marine
movement.
archaeological
and
of
reason
High
uses;
values; in
(Honolulu
whose
the
may
highway
open
corrective
within
supportive
are
Plan
Kamilonui
views
School).
region’s
waters,
wildlife
natural
of
not
placed
space
§ lease
6-99)
soil
and
A.
are
be
or I ______
Sus. Comm. Plan § A.3 REViSED ORDINANCES OF HONOLULU
• Are used for state or city parks outside the Urban Community Boundary: or
• Are suitable for growing commercial timber, grazing, hunting, and recreation uses. including facilities accessory to such uses when such facilities are compatible with the natural and physical environment.
The Preservation Boundary excludes such features, sites or areas located within the Urban Community or Agriculture boundaries.
A.4 MAP A-i: OPEN SPACE
This map is intended to illustrate the region’s major open space patterns and resources as outlined in Chapter 3. It highlights major open space elements and resotirces, including agricultural and preservation lands, major recreational parks and golf courses, the Hawaii Kai marina, important “panoramic” views, and important boundaries.
This map also indicates the general locations of community and neighborhood parks, public access points along the shoreline, and major trails providing mountain access.
A.5 MAP A-2: URBAN LAND USE
Map A-2 illustrates the desired long-range urban land use pattern for East Honolulu, i.e., the land use pattern that will be realized through implementation of the East Honolulu Sustainable Communities Plan. The map illustrates the following plan elements within the Urban Community Boundary:
Residential and Low-Density Apartment. These uses are depicted as a single tone yellow tone. “Residential” generally refers to single-family detached and attached houses or townhouses with individual exterior entries. “Low-density apartment” generallyrefers to low-density, low-rise multi-family residences, including townhouses, stacked flats and apartment buildings. Dwelling units in these buildings may share a common exterior entry. It is intended that “residential” housing types will generally he found in the residential zoning districts, and “low- density apartment” housing types will generally he found in the apartment zoning districts.
• Medium-Density Apartment. These uses are depicted as a brown-orange tone. “Medium-density apartment” generally refers to mid- to high-rise multifamily residential projects. In East Honolulu, it is intended that this designation will be applied only to areas developed consistent with this pattern as of the effective date of the East Honolulu Sustainable Communities Plan.’
• Neighborhood Commercial Center. These centers are depicted with red dots, and generally represent clusters of commercial establishments intended for neighborhood service. Uses typically include grocery and sundry stores and other services and shops catering to common household- or neighborhood-level convenience items.
• Regional Town Center. The Regional Town Center for East Honolulu is comprised of the three commercial centers adjoining Hawaii Kai Marina: Hawaii Kai Shopping Center, Hawaii Kai Towne Center. and Koko Marina Shopping Center. These centers are depicted as red shapes. • Resort. The region’s only resort use, the Kahala Mandarin Hotel, is depicted as a pink shape. . ‘Editor’s Note: “The effective date of the East Honolulu Sustainable Communities Plan” is July 27, 1999.
(IIonouIu 6-99) 24—40.76
Map
the
golf
A.6
In
appropriate
Public
addition.
region.
course
MAP
A-3
facilities.
illustrates
A-3:
at
this
the
symbols,
map
PUBLIC
Waialae
major
The
depicts
and
\vastewater
Country
existing
FACILITIES
shown
the
Hawaii
and
(‘lub.
primarily
treatment
future
Kai
Its
I)EVE[x)PMEN’I’
marina
purpose
to
public
plant
provide
24—40.77
and
as
facilities
is
a
to
the
points
series
display
public
PLANS
and
of
of
orientation.
connected
intermediate
the
major
public
privately
resources
light
and
blue
owned
high
or
shapes.
schools
Sus.
assets facilities
Cumin.
are
available
depicted including
(Honolulu
Plan
within §
6-9)
with
A.5 the EAST HONOLULU SUSTAII’MBLE COMMUNITIES PLAN Map A-i: Open Space
.55 - . S S
- - . • S DPAREA • -. •.:-. - Agrlculftre Areas pRI’•RV.. .‘ • - VRB.A 5-.’ . S ... S S CENTER Regional, and Beach Pml..s .5 • Dismct. S - • DPAREA ., ( S •5 S• •S• 5 S • Si . and . — Commurity ‘.5 r,.- -.Ir•.• . .5 •- .: Pant LZ Neighborhood Parks
Golf Courses 0
[] Small Boat Macma z 4- > 4- Panocanc alews z p Mountain Access
Shoretne Access -r
Urban Areas 2
Ma.a,aks Bay Urban Community Boundary
Agncrdtum Boundacy
I I-fghway * Landsced BoulevardlGreenway 1 N Permitting 3 ecee Department of Planning & City & County of Honolulu March 1999
. 0 __ . C 0
EAST HONOLULU SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES PLAN MapA-2 Urban Land Use
eounoeo - - flf’MrEA Residerrtiol and tow Density Apbnent
- - - -‘ . - •. - . ,...--. .
PRIMARY . . - .:- Medhim Density Aparhirent
•--: - URBAN .“‘- • • - --. . :- DPAREA [J Neighborbood Conanrecci Cent
Regional Town Center p V— Resort Area
E1 Agnculture
Preservation — Ma ci Parks and Golf Courses -:r Urban Comunity Boundary z ., : Agriculture Boundary
Wautewater T.P. z
Intermediate School (State)
Bay 1-ligh School (State)
[flj Small Boat Marina Hglnwy I N 3000 60 12000 Department of Planning & Permitting City & County of Honolulu MaccIt 1999
> -,,•
EAST HONOLULU SUSTAINABLE COMMUNmEspN Map A-3: Public Facilities
Agncur Areas DPAR
. . . - . .- I Prese0n Areas • : PRe4RV . . - • - .• .•• • UR8A - • •.-. CENR —, Uas Commun Boeda / Agncufljr 8oundary 1’, I ESTJNG -‘ I Highways & Mor Sweets r High Pa and Ride Sde •• z fi__ _.t > Oupan Vehide Lane z
- L DC BikeLa I 9ke Rode
Major PaLs and Gon Courses [J Shoreline Access z MuriI e / Wasjewajer T P
lnled,e Scho 7 C High School -. Smafl Bo Mqa I N I 3D00 6OOlJ Depainentofpjann&pegng C&CounofHosoluju March 1999
. . . .. ______
DI.VE[xwM[:N F PLANS ‘us. (‘omm.Plan A.6
EASTHONOLULU SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIESPLAN MapA-.1:OpenSpace
[..Z servn
AgricultureAreas PR[MARY . ... ;. URBAN .•. CENTER •/ Regional,District,andBeachParks DPAREA .: i •. ‘.:-.: Communityand / •1 L e I NeighborhoodParks
I.. • -, :. ... :, •!: GolfCourses : / SmallBoatMarina
PanoramicViews
MountainAccess
Lv ShorelineAccess r UrbanAreas UrbanCommunityBoundary
H-H AgricultureBoundary
Highway
LandscapedBoulevard/Greenway
DepartmentofPlanning&Permitting City&CountyofHonolulu March1999
24-40.8 1 (Hoilolulu 6•-99) Sus.Coinin. Plan § A.6 REVISE I) ORI )INANCES OF H()NOU 11U
EASTHONOLULU SUSTAINABLE . COMMUN(TIESPLAN__ MapA-2UrbanLandUse
L1 ResidentialandLowDensityApartment
MediumDensityAparUnent PRIMARY URBAN I - CENTER LZI NeighborhoodCommercialCenter DPAREA RegionalTownCenter
ResortArea
[I] Agriculture E1 Preservation r MajorParksandGolfCourses UrbanCommunityBoundary . AgricultureBoundary
WastewaterT.R
IntermediateSchool(State) -1-. C HighSchool(State)
SmallBoatMarina
Hghway
DepartmentofPlanning&Permitting City&CountyofHonolulu March1999 .
IIOflOlulii 6-99) 24-4082 PRIMARY OP
C
URBAN
ENTER
AREA -.
DEVELQI’Mj-NI’
24-40.83
[) L1 L EX1SIIN L _____
EflI
C
1 P1ANs
Map COMMUNITIES
1 1
Department
EAST
L1 L_Z1 f
SUSTAINABLE LI2iL]
A-3:
FUTURE
City
Agriculture
Urban
Preservation
Agriculture Urban
&
County 1 HONIJ[U
of March
Ccxnmunity
Highways Major High
Shoreline Park Wastewater Bike
Small Bike Community
High Intermediate
Public
Planning
Areas
Boundary
Lane Occupancy and Route
School
1999
of Parks
Boat Areas
Honolulu
Ride
Access
&
Ai
&
Sus.
Marina
Boundary Major
T.R
and
Permitting
Facilities
School
Site
PLAN
(‘olnin.
Vehicle Golf
Streets
Courses
(Honolulu
Lane
Plan
s
6L.)9)