Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings South African Alumni Narratives © Academy of Science of South Africa August 2020

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings South African Alumni Narratives © Academy of Science of South Africa August 2020 Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings South African Alumni Narratives © Academy of Science of South Africa August 2020 ISBN 978-1-928496-28-1 Cite: Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), (2020). DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2019/0063 Published by: Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf) PO Box 72135, Lynnwood Ridge, Pretoria, South Africa, 0040 Tel: +27 12 349 6600 • Fax: +27 86 576 9520 E-mail: [email protected] Reproduction is permitted, provided the source and publisher are appropriately acknowledged. The Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf) was inaugurated in May 1996. It was formed in response to the need for an Academy of Science consonant with the dawn of democracy in South Africa: activist in its mission of using science and scholarship for the benefit of society, with a mandate encompassing all scholarly disciplines that use an open-minded and evidence-based approach to build knowledge. ASSAf thus adopted in its name the term ‘science’ in the singular as reflecting a common way of enquiring rather than an aggregation of different disciplines. Its Members are elected on the basis of a combination of two principal criteria, academic excellence and significant contributions to society. The Parliament of South Africa passed the Academy of Science of South Africa Act (No 67 of 2001), which came into force on 15 May 2002. This made ASSAf the only academy of science in South Africa officially recognised by government and representing the country in the international community of science academies and elsewhere. Views expressed are those of the individuals and not necessarily those of the Academy nor a consensus view of the Academy based on an in-depth evidence-based study. TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................................................................................... v Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................... vi South African Alumni Narratives 2019 Danielle Douglas-Henry ................................................................................................................................................ 1 Francis Otieno ................................................................................................................................................................. 4 Genevéve Marx ............................................................................................................................................................... 6 Hester Schutte ................................................................................................................................................................ 8 Itumeleng Monageng .................................................................................................................................................... 10 Jake Gordin ...................................................................................................................................................................... 12 Jan Louw ........................................................................................................................................................................... 14 Johannes Thiersen ......................................................................................................................................................... 15 Julia Healey ....................................................................................................................................................................... 17 Justin Harrison ................................................................................................................................................................ 19 Katekani Shingange ....................................................................................................................................................... 21 Kimeel Sooknunan ......................................................................................................................................................... 23 Michael Sarkis.................................................................................................................................................................. 25 Nicole Thomas ................................................................................................................................................................ 27 Sinenhlanhla Sikhosana ................................................................................................................................................ 29 Tanita Ramburuth-Hurt ................................................................................................................................................ 31 Tariq Blecher ................................................................................................................................................................... 33 Thandi Gumede .............................................................................................................................................................. 34 Valentine Saasa ............................................................................................................................................................... 36 2018 Bianca Brider Verlinden ................................................................................................................................................ 38 Blessing Osemengbe Ahianti ....................................................................................................................................... 40 Edith Phalane .................................................................................................................................................................. 42 Eileen Thomas ................................................................................................................................................................. 44 Shireen Mentor ............................................................................................................................................................... 45 Zimkhitha Soji .................................................................................................................................................................. 47 2017 Frederick Malan .............................................................................................................................................................. 49 Funeka Nkosi ................................................................................................................................................................... 51 Hlamulo Makelane ......................................................................................................................................................... 53 Mark Williams-Wynn ...................................................................................................................................................... 55 Retha Peach ..................................................................................................................................................................... 57 Rozanne Bester............................................................................................................................................................... 59 iii 2016 Adriana Marais ................................................................................................................................................................ 61 Gregory Jackson .............................................................................................................................................................. 63 Nicholas Eugene Engelbrecht ..................................................................................................................................... 65 Sphumelele Ndlovu........................................................................................................................................................ 66 2015 Agnes Pholosi .................................................................................................................................................................. 68 Deveshnie Mudaly .......................................................................................................................................................... 70 Kenda Knowles ................................................................................................................................................................ 72 Melinda Barkhuizen ....................................................................................................................................................... 74 Osmond Mlonyeni .......................................................................................................................................................... 76 Thifhelimbilu Bucher ..................................................................................................................................................... 78 2014 Alberto Behar .................................................................................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • Unrestricted Immigration and the Foreign Dominance Of
    Unrestricted Immigration and the Foreign Dominance of United States Nobel Prize Winners in Science: Irrefutable Data and Exemplary Family Narratives—Backup Data and Information Andrew A. Beveridge, Queens and Graduate Center CUNY and Social Explorer, Inc. Lynn Caporale, Strategic Scientific Advisor and Author The following slides were presented at the recent meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. This project and paper is an outgrowth of that session, and will combine qualitative data on Nobel Prize Winners family histories along with analyses of the pattern of Nobel Winners. The first set of slides show some of the patterns so far found, and will be augmented for the formal paper. The second set of slides shows some examples of the Nobel families. The authors a developing a systematic data base of Nobel Winners (mainly US), their careers and their family histories. This turned out to be much more challenging than expected, since many winners do not emphasize their family origins in their own biographies or autobiographies or other commentary. Dr. Caporale has reached out to some laureates or their families to elicit that information. We plan to systematically compare the laureates to the population in the US at large, including immigrants and non‐immigrants at various periods. Outline of Presentation • A preliminary examination of the 609 Nobel Prize Winners, 291 of whom were at an American Institution when they received the Nobel in physics, chemistry or physiology and medicine • Will look at patterns of
    [Show full text]
  • Donna Strickland '89 (Phd), a Self-Described “Laser Jock,” Receives
    Donna Strickland ’89 (PhD), a self-described “laser jock,” receives the Nobel Prize, along with her advisor, Gérard Mourou, for work they did at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics. By Lindsey Valich Donna Strickland ’89 (PhD) still recalls the visit she took to the On- tario Science Centre when she was a child growing up in the town of Guelph, outside Toronto. Her father pointed to a laser display. “ ‘Donna, this is the way of the future,’ ” Strickland remembers him telling her. Lloyd Strickland, an electrical engineer, along with Donna’s moth- er, sister, and brother, was part of the family that “continually sup- ported and encouraged me through all my years of education,” Donna Strickland wrote in the acknowledgments of her PhD thesis, “De- velopment of an Ultra-Bright Laser and an Application to Multi- Photon Ionization.” She was captivated by that laser display. And since then, she says, “I’ve always thought lasers were cool.” Her passion for laser science research and her commitment to be- ing a “laser jock,” as she has called herself, has led her across North America, from Canada to the United States and back again. But it’s the work that she did as a graduate student at Rochester in the 1980s that has earned her the remarkable accolade of Nobel Prize laureate. When Strickland entered the University’s graduate program in op- tics, laser physicists were grappling with a thorny problem: how could they create ultrashort, high-intensity laser pulses that wouldn’t de- stroy the very material the laser was used to explore in the first place? Working with former Rochester engineering professor Gérard Mourou, Strickland developed and made workable a method to over- come the barrier.
    [Show full text]
  • Fotonica Ed Elettronica Quantistica
    Fotonica ed elettronica quantistica http://www.dsf.unica.it/~fotonica/teaching/fotonica.html Fotonica ed elettronica quantistica Quantum optics - Quantization of electromagnetic field - Statistics of light, photon counting and noise; - HBT and correlation; g1 e g2 coherence; antibunching; single photons - Squeezing - Quantum cryptography - Quantum computer, entanglement and teleportation Light-matter Interaction - Two-level atom - Laser physics - Spectroscopy - Electronics and photonics at the nanometer scale - Cold atoms - Photodetectors - Solar cells http://www.dsf.unica.it/~fotonica/teaching/fotonica.html Energy Temperature LHC at CERN, Higgs, SUSY, ??? TeV 15 q q particle accelerators 10 K q GeV proton rest mass - quarks 1012K MeV electron rest mass / gamma rays 109K keV Nuclear Fusion, x rays, Sun center 106K Atoms ionize - visible light eV Sun surface fundamental components components fundamental room temperature 103K meV Liquid He, superconductors, space 1K dilution refrigerators, quantum Hall µeV laser-cooled atoms 10-3K neV Bose-Einstein condensates 10-6K peV low T record 480 picokelvin 10-9K -12 complexity, organization organization complexity, 10 K Nobel Prizes in Physics 2010 - Andre Geims, Konstantin Novoselov 2009 - Charles K. Kao, Willard S. Boyle, George E. Smith 2007 - Albert Fert, Peter Gruenberg 2005 - Roy J. Glauber, John L. Hall, Theodor W. Hänsch 2001 - Eric A. Cornell, Wolfgang Ketterle, Carl E. Wieman 1997 - Steven Chu, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, William D. Phillips 1989 - Norman F. Ramsey, Hans G. Dehmelt, Wolfgang Paul 1981 - Nicolaas Bloembergen, Arthur L. Schawlow, Kai M. Siegbahn 1966 - Alfred Kastler 1964 - Charles H. Townes, Nicolay G. Basov, Aleksandr M. Prokhorov 1944 - Isidor Isaac Rabi 1930 - Venkata Raman 1921 - Albert Einstein 1907 - Albert A.
    [Show full text]
  • The Pharmacologist 2 0 0 6 December
    Vol. 48 Number 4 The Pharmacologist 2 0 0 6 December 2006 YEAR IN REVIEW The Presidential Torch is passed from James E. Experimental Biology 2006 in San Francisco Barrett to Elaine Sanders-Bush ASPET Members attend the 15th World Congress in China Young Scientists at EB 2006 ASPET Awards Winners at EB 2006 Inside this Issue: ASPET Election Online EB ’07 Program Grid Neuropharmacology Division Mixer at SFN 2006 New England Chapter Meeting Summary SEPS Meeting Summary and Abstracts MAPS Meeting Summary and Abstracts Call for Late-Breaking Abstracts for EB‘07 A Publication of the American Society for 121 Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics - ASPET Volume 48 Number 4, 2006 The Pharmacologist is published and distributed by the American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. The Editor PHARMACOLOGIST Suzie Thompson EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Bryan F. Cox, Ph.D. News Ronald N. Hines, Ph.D. Terrence J. Monks, Ph.D. 2006 Year in Review page 123 COUNCIL . President Contributors for 2006 . page 124 Elaine Sanders-Bush, Ph.D. Election 2007 . President-Elect page 126 Kenneth P. Minneman, Ph.D. EB 2007 Program Grid . page 130 Past President James E. Barrett, Ph.D. Features Secretary/Treasurer Lynn Wecker, Ph.D. Secretary/Treasurer-Elect Journals . Annette E. Fleckenstein, Ph.D. page 132 Past Secretary/Treasurer Public Affairs & Government Relations . page 134 Patricia K. Sonsalla, Ph.D. Division News Councilors Bryan F. Cox, Ph.D. Division for Neuropharmacology . page 136 Ronald N. Hines, Ph.D. Centennial Update . Terrence J. Monks, Ph.D. page 137 Chair, Board of Publications Trustees Members in the News .
    [Show full text]
  • Como Citar Este Artigo Número Completo Mais Informações Do
    Encontros Bibli: revista eletrônica de biblioteconomia e ciência da informação ISSN: 1518-2924 Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina STANFORD, Jailiny Fernanda Silva; SILVA, Fábio Mascarenhas e Prêmio Nobel como fator de influência nas citações dos pesquisadores: uma análise dos laureados de Química e Física (2005 - 2015) Encontros Bibli: revista eletrônica de biblioteconomia e ciência da informação, vol. 26, e73786, 2021, Janeiro-Abril Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina DOI: https://doi.org/10.5007/1518-2924.2021.e73786 Disponível em: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=14768130002 Como citar este artigo Número completo Sistema de Informação Científica Redalyc Mais informações do artigo Rede de Revistas Científicas da América Latina e do Caribe, Espanha e Portugal Site da revista em redalyc.org Sem fins lucrativos acadêmica projeto, desenvolvido no âmbito da iniciativa acesso aberto Artigo Original Prêmio Nobel como fator de influência nas citações dos pesquisadores: uma análise dos laureados de Química e Física (2005 - 2015) Nobel Prize as an influencing factor in researchers' citations: an analysis of Chemistry and Physics laureates (2005 to 2015) Jailiny Fernanda Silva STANFORD Mestre em Ciência da Informação (PPGCI/UFPE) Bibliotecária-chefe Seminário Teológico Batista do Norte do Brasil (STBNB), Recife, Brasil [email protected] https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2112-6561 Fábio Mascarenhas e SILVA Doutor em Ciência da Informação (USP), Professor Associado Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Ciência da Informação, Recife, Brasil [email protected] https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5566-5120 A lista completa com informações dos autores está no final do artigo RESUMO Objetivo: Analisa a influência nos índices de citação por parte dos pesquisadores que foram contemplados pelo prêmio Nobel nas áreas da Física e Química no período de 2005 a 2015.
    [Show full text]
  • DONNA STRICKLAND, PH.D. Professor, University of Waterloo
    DONNA STRICKLAND, PH.D. Professor, University of Waterloo Donna Strickland is a professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Waterloo and is one of the recipients of the Nobel Prize in Physics 2018 for developing chirped pulse amplification with Gérard Mourou, her PhD supervisor at the time. They published this Nobel-winning research in 1985 when Strickland was a PhD student at the University of Rochester in New York state. Together they paved the way toward the most intense laser pulses ever created. The research has several applications today in industry and medicine — including the cutting of a patient’s cornea in laser eye surgery, and the machining of small glass parts for use in cell phones. Strickland was a research associate at the National Research Council Canada, a physicist at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and a member of technical staff at Princeton University. In 1997, she joined the University of Waterloo, where her ultrafast laser group develops high-intensity laser systems for nonlinear optics investigations. Strickland was named a Companion of the Order of Canada. She is a recipient of a Sloan Research Fellowship, a Premier’s Research Excellence Award and a Cottrell Scholar Award. She received the Rochester Distinguished Scholar Award and the Eastman Medal from the University of Rochester. Strickland served as the president of the Optical Society (OSA) in 2013 and is a fellow of OSA, the Royal Society of Canada, and SPIE (International Society for Optics and Photonics). She is an honorary fellow of the Canadian Academy of Engineering as well as the Institute of Physics.
    [Show full text]
  • Nobel Laureates Endorse Joe Biden
    Nobel Laureates endorse Joe Biden 81 American Nobel Laureates in Physics, Chemistry, and Medicine have signed this letter to express their support for former Vice President Joe Biden in the 2020 election for President of the United States. At no time in our nation’s history has there been a greater need for our leaders to appreciate the value of science in formulating public policy. During his long record of public service, Joe Biden has consistently demonstrated his willingness to listen to experts, his understanding of the value of international collaboration in research, and his respect for the contribution that immigrants make to the intellectual life of our country. As American citizens and as scientists, we wholeheartedly endorse Joe Biden for President. Name Category Prize Year Peter Agre Chemistry 2003 Sidney Altman Chemistry 1989 Frances H. Arnold Chemistry 2018 Paul Berg Chemistry 1980 Thomas R. Cech Chemistry 1989 Martin Chalfie Chemistry 2008 Elias James Corey Chemistry 1990 Joachim Frank Chemistry 2017 Walter Gilbert Chemistry 1980 John B. Goodenough Chemistry 2019 Alan Heeger Chemistry 2000 Dudley R. Herschbach Chemistry 1986 Roald Hoffmann Chemistry 1981 Brian K. Kobilka Chemistry 2012 Roger D. Kornberg Chemistry 2006 Robert J. Lefkowitz Chemistry 2012 Roderick MacKinnon Chemistry 2003 Paul L. Modrich Chemistry 2015 William E. Moerner Chemistry 2014 Mario J. Molina Chemistry 1995 Richard R. Schrock Chemistry 2005 K. Barry Sharpless Chemistry 2001 Sir James Fraser Stoddart Chemistry 2016 M. Stanley Whittingham Chemistry 2019 James P. Allison Medicine 2018 Richard Axel Medicine 2004 David Baltimore Medicine 1975 J. Michael Bishop Medicine 1989 Elizabeth H. Blackburn Medicine 2009 Michael S.
    [Show full text]
  • Dark Matter and Dark Energy
    HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies ISSN: (Online) 2072-8050, (Print) 0259-9422 Page 1 of 8 Original Research The building blocks of the universe Author: I review the state of knowledge of the composition of the universe for a non-specialist audience. 1,2 Anslyn J. John The universe is built up of four components. These are radiation, baryonic (ordinary) matter, Affiliation: dark matter and dark energy. In this article, a quick outline of the theory of Big Bang 1Department of Physics, nucleosynthesis is presented, and the origin of the elements is explained. Cosmology requires Faculty of Science, the presence of dark matter, which forms most of the mass of the universe, and dark energy, Stellenbosch University, which drives the acceleration of the expansion. The dark sector is motivated, and possible Stellenbosch, South Africa explanations are stated. 2National Institute for Contribution: As part of this special collection on building blocks, the building blocks of the Theoretical and Computational Sciences universe are discussed and unsolved problems and proposed solutions are highlighted. (NITheCS), South Africa Keywords: cosmology; nucleosynthesis; dark matter; dark energy; cosmological constant; Corresponding author: general relativity; galaxies; particle physics. Anslyn John, [email protected] Dates: Introduction Received: 10 May 2021 Cosmology is the scientific study of the origin and development of the universe on the largest Accepted: 12 July 2021 Published: 25 Aug. 2021 scales. Today, the standard model of cosmology is a cornerstone of physics and astronomy. This is attested to by the award of four Nobel Prizes for research in cosmology. These awards, in How to cite this article: chronological order, are: John, A.J., 2021, ‘The building blocks of the universe’, 1.
    [Show full text]
  • 2015 Annual Report
    2015 AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY ANNUAL TM ADVANCING PHYSICS REPORT TM THE AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY STRIVES TO Be the leading voice for physics and an authoritative source of physics information for the advancement of physics and the benefit of humanity Collaborate with national scientific societies for the advancement of science, science education, and the science community Cooperate with international physics societies to promote physics, to support physicists worldwide, and to foster international collaboration Have an active, engaged, and diverse membership, and support the activities of its units and members © 2016 American Physical Society During 2015, APS worked to institute the governance objective: “the advancement and diffusion of the knowledge changes approved by the membership in late 2014. In of physics.” APS is fully committed to the principles of OA accordance with the new Constitution & Bylaws, in to the extent that we can continue to support the production February the Board appointed our first Chief Executive of high-quality peer-reviewed journals. For many years APS Officer—Kate Kirby, the former Executive Officer—to has supported “green” OA and we have been fully compliant head the APS. Kate’s major task has been to transition with the 2013 directive from the Office of Science and the management of APS to a CEO model with a Senior Technology Policy that the publications resulting from Management Team. She appointed Mark Doyle as Chief U.S. federally funded research be accessible to the public 12 Information Officer, James Taylor as Chief Operating months after publication. Since APS is a major international Officer, and Matthew Salter as the new Publisher.
    [Show full text]
  • Ripples in Spacetime
    editorial Ripples in spacetime The 2017 Nobel prize in Physics has been awarded to Rainer Weiss, Barry C. Barish and Kip S. Thorne “for decisive contributions to the LIGO detector and the observation of gravitational waves”. It is, frankly, difficult to find something original to say about the detection of gravitational waves that hasn’t been said already. The technological feat of measuring fluctuations in the fabric of spacetime less than one-thousandth the width of an atomic nucleus is quite simply astonishing. The scientific achievement represented by the confirmation of a century-old prediction by Albert Einstein is unique. And the collaborative effort that made the discovery possible — the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) — is inspiring. Adapted from Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 061102 (2016), under Creative Commons Licence. Rainer Weiss and Kip Thorne were, along with the late Ronald Drever, founders of the project that eventually became known Barry Barish, who was the director Last month we received a spectacular as LIGO. In the 1960s, Thorne, a black hole of LIGO from 1997 to 2005, is widely demonstration that talk of a new era expert, had come to believe that his objects of credited with transforming it into a ‘big of gravitational astronomy was no interest should be detectable as gravitational physics’ collaboration, and providing the exaggeration. Cued by detections at LIGO waves. Separately, and inspired by previous organizational structure required to ensure and Virgo, an interferometer based in Pisa, proposals, Weiss came up with the first it worked. Of course, the passion, skill and Italy, more than 70 teams of researchers calculations detailing how an interferometer dedication of the thousand or so scientists working at different telescopes around could be used to detect them in 1972.
    [Show full text]
  • HOPE Meetings Are Held for Excellent Graduate Students and Young Researchers Specially Selected from Countries Around the 9Th Asia-Pacific and Africa Region
    For Overseas Cooperating Institutions Objective HOPE Meetings are held for excellent graduate students and young researchers specially selected from countries around the 9th Asia-Pacific and Africa region. These meetings give an opportunity for the participants to engage in interdisciplinary discussions with Nobel laureates and other distinguished HOPE MEETING scientists pioneering the frontiers of knowledge. They also give the participants, who lodge together over the course of the event, a chance to make friends and form collegial networks with Nobel Laureates with peers from the regions. The title “HOPE Meeting” signifies the promise held for the future roles of young researchers and optimism for creating a bright S&T future within the global community. Date F ebruary 26- ■ Saturday, February 25: Orientation & Registration M arch 2, 2017 ■ Sunday, February 26: Nobel Prize Dialogue Tokyo 2017 Organizer Venue Tokyo , JAPAN Office of the HOPE Meetings, JSPS E-mail [email protected] Tel: +81-3-3263-2414 Fax:+81-3-3234-3700 HOPE MEETINGS with Nobel Laureates Organizing Committee of the HOPE Meetings ■ Chair Makoto Kobayashi <Nobel Laureate in Physics 2008> Honorary Professor Emeritus, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) ■ Members Noriko Osumi Mitsuhiko Shionoya Tohoku University The University of Tokyo Takaaki Kajita <Nobel Laureate in Physics 2015> Yousuke Takahama The University of Tokyo Tokushima University Kazuhiro Kosuge Fumio Hanaoka Tohoku University Tsukuba University Program of the HOPE Meeting The program
    [Show full text]
  • Maar De Hoop Domineert
    Maar de Hoop Domineert Een transnationale studie naar de Nederlandse vredes- en antikernwapenbeweging, 1955-1965 Eline Groenewegen van der Weiden 11895896 MA Geschiedenis van de Internationale Betrekkingen Universiteit van Amsterdam, Faculteit der Geesteswetenschappen Begeleider: Dr. P.H. van Dam Tweede lezer: Dr. R. van Dijk 18 ECTS Aantal woorden: 17.973 Ingeleverd op: 29 juni 2018 INHOUDSOPGAVE Lijst van afkortingen 4 Inleiding 5 Hoofdstuk 1 22 Internationale organisaties en conferenties Hoofdstuk 2 39 Nationale protestacties Hoofdstuk 3 60 Internationale protestacties Conclusie 74 Bibliografie 78 Verantwoording afbeeldingen 82 2 “Demonstreren wij uit wanhoop? Demonstreren wij uit hoop? Ik antwoord: uit beiden. Maar de hoop domineert.” - Krijn Strijd (1963)1 1 Krijn Strijd, ‘De Vredesmars in Amsterdam’, Militia Christi 18:4 (1963) 32. 3 LIJST VAN AFKORTINGEN AAA Anti Atoombom Actie ANJV Algemeen Nederlands Jeugd Verbond ANVA Algemene Nederlandse Vredesactie ASA Atomic Scientists’ Association BB Bescherming Burgerbevolking CND Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament CNVA Committee of Non-violent Action CPN Communistische Partij Nederland DAC Direct Action Committee EFNA European Federation against Nuclear Arms FAS Federation of American Scientists ICDP International Confederation for Disarmament and Peace IFOR International Fellowship of Reconciliation IISG Internationaal Instituut voor Sociale Geschiedenis ILCOP International Liaison Committee of Organisations of Peace IBP International Peace Bureau IPRA International Peace Research Association
    [Show full text]