DOCSLIB.ORG

Coastal Zone and Climate Change on the Great Lakes Coastal Zon Coastal Zone and Climate Changecoastal on the Great Lakes Zone and Climate Change on the Great Lakes

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Coastal Zone and Climate Change on the Great Lakes Coastal Zon Coastal Zone and Climate Changecoastal on the Great Lakes Zone and Climate Change on the Great Lakes COASTAL ZONE AND CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE GREAT LAKES COASTAL ZON COASTAL ZONE AND CLIMATE CHANGECOASTAL ON THE GREAT LAKES ZONE AND CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE GREAT LAKES July 2006 COASTAL ZONE AND CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE GREAT LAKES FINAL REPORT Submitted to: Natural Resources Canada Climate Change Action Fund 601 Booth Street Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0E8 Submitted by: AMEC Earth & Environmental a division of AMEC Americas Limited 160 Traders Blvd. E., Suite 110 Mississauga, Ontario L4Z 3K7 July 2006 TC 046108 COASTAL ZONE AND CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE GREAT LAKES FINAL REPORT Contributing Authors Heather Auld Paul A. Gray Don Haley Joan Klaassen Heather Konnefat Don MacIver Don McNicol Peter Nimmrichter Karl Schiefer Mark Taylor July 2006 Coastal Zone and Climate Change on the Great Lakes Natural Resources Canada July 2006 COASTAL ZONE AND CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE GREAT LAKES FINAL REPORT Prepared by ____________________________________ Mark E. Taylor, AMEC Earth & Environmental Reviewed by _____________________________________ Andreas Stenzel, AMEC Earth & Environmental Approved by _____________________________________ Colin MacLeod, AMEC Earth & Environmental P:\EARD\PROJECTS\TC046108 Climate Change\Report 2006\FINAL REPORT\Climate Change Final July 2006.doc Page i Coastal Zone and Climate Change on the Great Lakes Natural Resources Canada July 2006 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Climate change is a feature of the planet Earth and has been going on since the planet was formed. Within the recent past (Pleistocene 1,8 million to 8,000 years BP and Holocene 8,000 to present), there have been warm and cool periods, and the Great Lakes region has experienced periods in which the land was covered in ice. Since the last ice age approximately 10,000 years BP, the land has risen, lake drainages have changed and the climate has gone through periods of warming and cooling. In the past hundred years, as a result of human activities, greenhouse gases in the atmosphere have increased to levels that scientists have concluded are changing our climate. The rate of change is faster than that which occurred in the Pleistocene, and our coastal communities are vulnerable to the impacts of these changes. Prior to European settlement in the Great Lakes basin, First Nations people utilized the resources found in coastal locations and evidence of their presence can be found in many locations from the rivers draining into Lake Ontario to the rocky shores of Lake Superior in Pukaskwa National Park. Their impact on the coastal area was minor and there was no impediment to the movement of fish or wildlife. Much has changed since European settlement and the Great Lakes basin now is home to approximately 31% of Canadians. Major cities such as Toronto, Hamilton, Sarnia, Windsor and Thunder Bay are located on the shores of the Great Lakes and are very dependent on the lakes for their fresh water supply, for marine transport and for recreation. This project set out to examine the impacts of climate change on coastal communities. We have researched the literature, organized workshops with expert speakers and have sought input from community representatives. We wished to determine what impacts may occur in the foreseeable future (100 years) and what we can do to adapt to them. We examined the historical climate records for the Lake Ontario, Erie, Huron and Superior regions and examined information for eleven coastal sites: Presqu’ile Provincial Park, Toronto, Hamilton, Long Point, Point Pelee, Walpole Island, Goderich, Sturgeon Bay, Sault Ste. Marie, Pukaskwa, and Thunder Bay. Workshops were held in Belleville, Toronto, Port Rowan, Parry Sound and Sault Ste. Marie and a total of 41 presentations concerning the Great Lakes were given and are available on CDs available with this report. The climate changes that can be expected to occur with a doubling of CO2 levels during the 21st century are warmer temperatures (annual increase of 2-50C) and increased precipitation (up to 15% more annually and 25% in some seasons) with more falling as rain than occurred in the 20th century. It is expected that as a result of a shorter winter with warmer temperatures, and a warmer climate overall, there will be increased evaporation resulting in a general lowering of water levels (up to 1 m) of the Great Lakes. The warmer air temperatures will result in warmer water temperatures, particularly in shallow coastal waters and this will affect the timing of the seasonal mixing of water that occurs in the spring and fall and keeps the deeper waters oxygenated. P:\EARD\PROJECTS\TC046108 Climate Change\Report 2006\FINAL REPORT\Climate Change Final July 2006.doc Page ii Coastal Zone and Climate Change on the Great Lakes Natural Resources Canada July 2006 The adaptation options that are available to coastal communities vary considerably depending on their size, location and other pressures that may influence their vulnerability. For instance, heavily urbanized areas will now be vulnerable to severe rain events and this should be reviewed in light of recent high intensity storms such as the August 2005 rain event in north Toronto that resulted in considerable loss and damage to roads, sewers and buildings. Likewise the January 1998 ice storm in eastern Ontario and Quebec had a major impact on hydro transmission facilities and water control devices on dams. Adaptation options are available to reduce the impacts of future ice storms. Adaptation opportunities can improve the situation for some coastal communities. Warmer winters will reduce heating costs and allow for a reduction in salt use on roads, improving water run-off quality. Lower snowfall and more rain during winter months should serve to cleanse urban areas and reduce the spring run-off toxic surge that has been a phenomenon of urban areas for many decades. Longer summers will allow coastal resorts to have longer seasons with the associated economic benefits, though lower water levels may result in marinas having to dredge harbours or relocate their operations. Both commercial and recreational fisheries may be able to expand their operations with increased productivity of coastal waters, provided that pollution levels are reduced, wetlands protected and new fish stocks such as warm water species (like Smallmouth Bass) are utilized. The presence of invasive non-native species (Grass Carp and Zebra Mussel) is an increasing threat that is likely to change the lake ecology significantly, while impacts to other ecosystem components are unpredictable. To properly address the threats and opportunities to coastal communities will require the full cooperation and financial commitment of federal, provincial and local governments. Local communities can assist in providing direction. They have the knowledge of local systems though often not the resources and expertise available to upper tier governments. The most significant impact of climate change is likely to be on water levels. These will continue to fluctuate seasonally and inter annually and will at times drop below historic lows. Low water levels will affect riparian properties and waterfronts and there must be a major effort to introduce legislation regarding ownership of newly exposed lake beds. An adaptation option may require the regulation of water levels in Lake Huron with control devices near its outfall at Sarnia. However, regulating water levels will impact and put at risk the natural processes of coastal wetlands. The increased frequency and size of extreme weather events is likely to have major impacts on coastal communities and preparing for such events should be a priority. Actions include updating and revising (as required) design criteria, codes and standards for structures and facilities such as culverts, bridges, and water treatment plants as well as community disaster management planning. Prevention is more cost effective than rebuilding or restoration, so all new coastal initiatives should be designed with the effects of a changing climate in mind. Many changes have been made to coastal communities in the past two decades as a result of the implementation of remedial action plans. Improvements to water quality and wetlands have been made, but the ecosystems are dynamic and continue to change. Therefore it is imperative that monitoring programs be in place to measure the adaptation actions and the environmental responses to ensure that we continue to learn how best to adapt to a changing environment. P:\EARD\PROJECTS\TC046108 Climate Change\Report 2006\FINAL REPORT\Climate Change Final July 2006.doc Page iii Coastal Zone and Climate Change on the Great Lakes Natural Resources Canada July 2006 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AMEC Earth & Environmental would like to thank the numerous people throughout Ontario who helped with this project and report. In particular AMEC would like to thank the project team of Heather Auld (Environment Canada), Don Haley (Toronto and Region Conservation Authority), Paul Gray (Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources), Joan Klaassen (Environment Canada), Don McNicol (Canadian Wildlife Service, Ontario), Don MacIver (Environment Canada), Karl Schiefer (BEAK & EcoMetrix), Bruce Rodgers (BEAK & Stantec), Rachel Welbourn (BEAK), Steve Hounsell (Ontario Power Generation) and Peter Nimmrichter (AMEC) who contributed a significant amount of their expertise, time and thought. The final report was written and compiled by Mark Taylor (AMEC) who acknowledges the many ideas and sections contributed by the team, workshop participants and others. BEAK, Stantec and AMEC Earth & Environmental all provided corporate support and the Canadian Climate Impacts and Adaptation Research Network (C-CIARN) helped organize meetings in which coastal zone researchers from across Canada were able to exchange ideas. AMEC would like to thank those agencies who contributed financial and logistical support, in particular to the Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Program of Natural Resources Canada, Environment Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service, Ontario, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (Climate Change Projects CC-04/05-021) and CC-05/06-005), the Toronto Remedial Action Plan (RAP) program through the Toronto and Region Conservation Authority and Ontario Power Generation.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Hamilton's Heritage Volume 5
    HAMILTON’S HERITAGE 5 0 0 2 e n u Volume 5 J Reasons for Designation Under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act Hamilton Planning and Development Department Development and Real Estate Division Community Planning and Design Section Whitehern (McQuesten House) HAMILTON’S HERITAGE Hamilton 5 0 0 2 e n u Volume 5 J Old Town Hall Reasons for Designation under Part IV Ancaster of the Ontario Heritage Act Joseph Clark House Glanbrook Webster’s Falls Bridge Flamborough Spera House Stoney Creek The Armoury Dundas Contents Introduction 1 Reasons for Designation Under Part IV of the 7 Ontario Heritage Act Former Town of Ancaster 8 Former Town of Dundas 21 Former Town of Flamborough 54 Former Township of Glanbrook 75 Former City of Hamilton (1975 – 2000) 76 Former City of Stoney Creek 155 The City of Hamilton (2001 – present) 172 Contact: Joseph Muller Cultural Heritage Planner Community Planning and Design Section 905-546-2424 ext. 1214 [email protected] Prepared By: David Cuming Natalie Korobaylo Fadi Masoud Joseph Muller June 2004 Hamilton’s Heritage Volume 5: Reasons for Designation Under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act Page 1 INTRODUCTION This Volume is a companion document to Volume 1: List of Designated Properties and Heritage Conservation Easements under the Ontario Heritage Act, first issued in August 2002 by the City of Hamilton. Volume 1 comprised a simple listing of heritage properties that had been designated by municipal by-law under Parts IV or V of the Ontario Heritage Act since 1975. Volume 1 noted that Part IV designating by-laws are accompanied by “Reasons for Designation” that are registered on title.
    [Show full text]
  • The Journal of the Ontario Field Ornithologists Volume 13 Number 3 December 1995 Ontario Field Ornithologists
    The Journal of the Ontario Field Ornithologists Volume 13 Number 3 December 1995 Ontario Field Ornithologists Ontario Field Ornithologists is an organization dedicated to the study of birdlife in Ontario. It was formed to unify the ever-growing numbers of field ornithologists (birders/birdwatchers) across the province and to provide a forum for the exchange of ideas and information among its members. The Ontario Field Ornithologists officially oversees the activities of the Ontario Bird Records Committee (OBRC), publishes a newsletter (OFO News) and a journal (Ontario Birds), hosts field trips throughout Ontario and holds an Annual General Meeting in the autumn. Current President: Jean Iron, 9 Lichen Place, Don Mills, Ontario M3A 1X3 (416) 445-9297 (e-mail: [email protected]). All persons interested in bird study, regardless of their level of expertise, are invited to become members of the Ontario Field Ornithologists. Membership rates can be obtained from the address below. All members receive Ontario Birds and OFO News. Please send membership inquiries to: Ontario Field Ornithologists, Box 62014, Burlington Mall Postal Outlet, Burlington, Ontario L7R 4K2. Ontario Birds Editors: Bill Crins, Ron Pittaway, Ron Tozer Editorial Assistance: Jean Iron, Nancy Checko Art Consultant: Chris Kerrigan Design/Production: Centennial Printers (Peterborough) Ltd. The aim of Ontario Birds is to provide a vehicle for documentation of the birds of Ontario. We encourage the submission of full length articles and short notes on the status, distribution, identification, and behaviour of birds in Ontario, as well as location guides to significant Ontario b!rdwatching areas, book reviews, and similar material of interest on Ontario birds.
    [Show full text]
  • City of Toronto — Detached Homes Average Price by Percentage Increase: January to June 2016
    City of Toronto — Detached Homes Average price by percentage increase: January to June 2016 C06 – $1,282,135 C14 – $2,018,060 1,624,017 C15 698,807 $1,649,510 972,204 869,656 754,043 630,542 672,659 1,968,769 1,821,777 781,811 816,344 3,412,579 763,874 $691,205 668,229 1,758,205 $1,698,897 812,608 *C02 $2,122,558 1,229,047 $890,879 1,149,451 1,408,198 *C01 1,085,243 1,262,133 1,116,339 $1,423,843 E06 788,941 803,251 Less than 10% 10% - 19.9% 20% & Above * 1,716,792 * 2,869,584 * 1,775,091 *W01 13.0% *C01 17.9% E01 12.9% W02 13.1% *C02 15.2% E02 20.0% W03 18.7% C03 13.6% E03 15.2% W04 19.9% C04 13.8% E04 13.5% W05 18.3% C06 26.9% E05 18.7% W06 11.1% C07 29.2% E06 8.9% W07 18.0% *C08 29.2% E07 10.4% W08 10.9% *C09 11.4% E08 7.7% W09 6.1% *C10 25.9% E09 16.2% W10 18.2% *C11 7.9% E10 20.1% C12 18.2% E11 12.4% C13 36.4% C14 26.4% C15 31.8% Compared to January to June 2015 Source: RE/MAX Hallmark, Toronto Real Estate Board Market Watch *Districts that recorded less than 100 sales were discounted to prevent the reporting of statistical anomalies R City of Toronto — Neighbourhoods by TREB District WEST W01 High Park, South Parkdale, Swansea, Roncesvalles Village W02 Bloor West Village, Baby Point, The Junction, High Park North W05 W03 Keelesdale, Eglinton West, Rockcliffe-Smythe, Weston-Pellam Park, Corso Italia W10 W04 York, Glen Park, Amesbury (Brookhaven), Pelmo Park – Humberlea, Weston, Fairbank (Briar Hill-Belgravia), Maple Leaf, Mount Dennis W05 Downsview, Humber Summit, Humbermede (Emery), Jane and Finch W09 W04 (Black Creek/Glenfield-Jane
    [Show full text]
  • Hamilton's Forgotten Epidemics
    Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Ch2olera: Hamilton’s Forgotten Epidemics / D. Ann Herring and Heather T. Battles, editors. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-9782417-4-2 Print catalogue data is available from Library and Archives Canada, at www.collectionscanada.gc.ca Cover Image: Historical City of Hamilton. Published by Rice & Duncan in 1859, drawn by G. Rice. http://map.hamilton.ca/old hamilton.jpg Cover Design: Robert Huang Group Photo: Temara Brown Ch2olera Hamilton’s Forgotten Epidemics D. Ann Herring and Heather T. Battles, editors DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY McMASTER UNIVERSITY Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Contents FIGURES AND TABLES vii Introduction Ch2olera: Hamilton’s Forgotten Epidemics D. Ann Herring and Heather T. Battles 2 2 “From Time Immemorial”: British Imperialism and Cholera in India Diedre Beintema 8 3 Miasma Theory and Medical Paradigms: Shift Happens? Ayla Mykytey 18 4 ‘A Rose by Any Other Name’: Types of Cholera in the 19th Century Thomas Siek 24 5 Doesn’t Anyone Care About the Children? Katlyn Ferrusi 32 6 Changing Waves: The Epidemics of 1832 and 1854 Brianna K. Johns 42 7 Charcoal, Lard, and Maple Sugar: Treating Cholera in the 19th Century S. Lawrence-Nametka 52 iii 8 How Disease Instills Fear into a Population Jacqueline Le 62 9 The Blame Game Andrew Turner 72 10 Virulence Victims in Victorian Hamilton Jodi E. Smillie 80 11 On the Edge of Death: Cholera’s Impact on Surrounding Towns and Hamlets Mackenzie Armstrong 90 12 Avoid Cholera: Practice Cleanliness and Temperance Karolina Grzeszczuk 100 13 New Rules to Battle the Cholera Outbreak Alexandra Saly 108 14 Sanitation in Early Hamilton Nathan G.
    [Show full text]
  • Rural Transit Symposium for Eastern Ontario and Western Quebec
    Rural Transit Symposium for Eastern Ontario and Western Quebec. Nov 19, 2009. Rural Transit Symposium for Eastern Ontario and Western Quebec. November 19, 2009. Smiths Falls Golf and Country Club 125 Golf Club Road Smiths Falls, ON Report by Michael Kostiuk. With additional information from presenter’s PowerPoint slides. [email protected] • Opening of the Symposium by Harry Gow. Harry Gow Some of the attendees at the symposium 1 Rural Transit Symposium for Eastern Ontario and Western Quebec. Nov 19, 2009. Plenary Session: Best Practices. First Speaker: Scott Bogren (via Teleconference). The session facilitator used his slides here while he talked to the audience remotely. Communications Director, Community Transportation Association of America. Efficient and cost effective transportation. Best practices. Note: More information on Best Practices is available at this Web site: www.ctaa.org. Scott Bogren ‘s contact Information: e-mail: [email protected] Note: the Slides in the presentation are available from him. Phone: 202-247-1921 • Community Transportation Association. • The origins of rural transportation. Rural Public Transit • Growth in investment. • Growth in services to rural services. Goal: Keeping rural people independent and healthy, with access to jobs. Also allowing people to remain in their homes as apposed to moving to cities as they get older. Providing basic transportation services. This is especially important for those people that do not have a car or access to a car. Note the term: “Tribal Transportation”. Various types of Rural Transit • Traditional Rural Transit e.g. Streamline and Skyline Bozeman Montana. Flexible bus service using a variety of bus types • Community Centred Rural Mobility.
    [Show full text]
  • City of Hamilton
    Authority: Item 1, Board of Health Report 18-005 (BOH07034(l)) CM: May 23, 2018 Ward: City Wide Bill No. 148 CITY OF HAMILTON BY-LAW NO. 18- To Amend By-law No. 11-080, a By-law to Prohibit Smoking within City Parks and Recreation Properties WHEREAS Council enacted a By-law to prohibit smoking within City Parks and Recreation Properties, being City of Hamilton By-law No. 11-080; AND WHEREAS this By-law amends City of Hamilton By-law No.11-080; NOW THEREFORE the Council of the City of Hamilton enacts as follows: 1. Schedule “A” of By-law No. 11-080 is deleted and replaced by the Schedule “A” attached to and forming part of this By-law, being an updated list of the location of properties, addresses, places and areas where smoking is prohibited. 2. This By-law comes into force on the day it is passed. PASSED this 13th day of June, 2018. _________________________ ________________________ F. Eisenberger J. Pilon Mayor Acting City Clerk Schedule "A" to By-law 11-080 Parks and Recreation Properties Where Smoking is Prohibited NAME LOCATION WARD 87 Acres Park 1165 Green Mountain Rd. Ward 11 A.M. Cunningham Parkette 300 Roxborough Dr. Ward 4 Agro Park 512 Dundas St. W., Waterdown Ward 15 Albion Estates Park 52 Amberwood St. Ward 9 Albion Falls Nghd. Open Space 221 Mud Street Ward 6 Albion Falls Open Space (1 & 2) 199 Arbour Rd. Ward 6 Albion Falls Park 768 Mountain Brow Blvd. Ward 6 Alexander Park 201 Whitney Ave. Ward 1 Allison Neighbourhood Park 51 Piano Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • The Journal of Dr. Tiberius Hess Librarian’S Introduction
    The Journal of Dr. Tiberius Hess Librarian’s Introduction A few months ago, a longtime Hamilton resident donated a battered cloth-bound journal she discovered during a renovation. It’s a vivid story written by Dr. Tiberius Hess, a doctor who lived and practised in Hamilton during the Victorian era. In it, Hess claims to have invented a time machine, powered by electricity and steam, and governed by mysterious “nautilus gears”. He wrote of using that machine, called a “Chronocycle”, to travel to present-day Hamilton. The enigmatic Hess wrote of things far beyond the period in which he lived. Fascinating. His journal is divided into two parts. The primary section contains first-person entries about his experiences in Hamilton from 1854 - 1860, with a brief sojourn to 2019. The second section is made up of six “clue sets”. Hess claims these clues point to the location of a set of nautilus gears that he hid somewhere in Hamilton during his brief time-travel here. You can delve into those clues, and try to locate his nautilus gears, elsewhere on this website. The journal entries offer a fascinating glimpse into life in Victorian Hamilton. As befits a time traveller, Hess’s entries jump about in time, capturing his experience more as a rousing tale than a strict chronological account. They mention real historical figures such as: Isaac Buchanan, Sir Allan Napier McNab, James McFarlane and others. Hess lived through actual historic events such as the cholera outbreak of 1854, the Desjardins Canal rail disaster of 1857 and the visit to Hamilton by the Prince of Wales in 1860.
    [Show full text]
  • Improving Travel Options in Small & Rural Communities
    TP 14945E Improving Travel Options in Small & Rural Communities This document was prepared for Transport Canada by Noxon Associates Limited. © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, represented by the Minister of Transport, 2009. Cette publication est aussi disponible en français sous le titre Améliorer les modes de déplacement dans les petites collectivités et les collectivités rurales. For a print copy or an accessible version of this publication, please visit http://transact- en.tc.gc.ca or contact Transport Canada’s Publications Order Desk at 1-888-830-4911 — International at 613-991-4071. An electronic version of this publication is available at www.tc.gc.ca/urban. TP 14945E Catalogue No. T22-184/2009E ISBN : 978-1-100-14336-1 Permission to reproduce Transport Canada grants permission to copy and/or reproduce the contents of this publication for personal and public non-commercial use. Users must reproduce the materials accurately, identify Transport Canada as the source and not present theirs as an official version, or as having been produced with the help or the endorsement of Transport Canada. To request permission to reproduce materials from this publication for commercial purposes, contact: Publishing and Depository Services Public Works and Government Services Canada Ottawa ON K1A 0S5 [email protected] Contents Part 1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................1! 1.1! Purpose of this guide........................................................................1! 1.2! Challenges
    [Show full text]
  • Hamilton Harbour and Watershed Fisheries Management Plan
    Hamilton Harbour and Watershed Fisheries Management Plan A cooperative resource management plan developed by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and the Royal Botanical Gardens April 7, 2010 Correct citation for this publication: Bowlby, J.N. , K. McCormack, and M.G. Heaton. 2010. Hamilton Harbour and Watershed Fisheries Management Plan. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Royal Botanical Gardens. Hamilton Harbour and Watershed Fisheries Management Plan Executive Summary Introduction The Hamilton Harbour and Watershed Fisheries Management Plan (HHWFMP) provides information about the characteristics of the watershed, the state of fisheries resources, and guidance for the management of fisheries resources in the watershed. The need for the HHWFMP developed directly from successes of the Hamilton Harbour Remedial Action Plan (RAP) to restore water quality and fish habitat in Hamilton Harbour and its watershed. Hamilton Harbour is a large embayment at the western tip of Lake Ontario. The main tributaries of Hamilton Harbour include Spencer Creek, Grindstone Creek, and Red Hill Creek. The Hamilton Harbour watershed, which includes the contributing streams and creeks, covers an area of approximately 500 km2. It encompasses some of the regions most scenic and diverse landscapes: the Niagara Escarpment is a prominent physical feature, and Cootes Paradise is one of the largest and most significant coastal wetlands of Lake Ontario. Water quality in Hamilton Harbour and Cootes Paradise is the most important factor that currently limits the successful restoration of sustainable, self–reproducing native fish community. In 1987, Hamilton Harbour was officially designated as an Area of Concern (AOC) by the International Joint Commission, pursuant to the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement.
    [Show full text]
  • CP's North American Rail
    2020_CP_NetworkMap_Large_Front_1.6_Final_LowRes.pdf 1 6/5/2020 8:24:47 AM 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Lake CP Railway Mileage Between Cities Rail Industry Index Legend Athabasca AGR Alabama & Gulf Coast Railway ETR Essex Terminal Railway MNRR Minnesota Commercial Railway TCWR Twin Cities & Western Railroad CP Average scale y y y a AMTK Amtrak EXO EXO MRL Montana Rail Link Inc TPLC Toronto Port Lands Company t t y i i er e C on C r v APD Albany Port Railroad FEC Florida East Coast Railway NBR Northern & Bergen Railroad TPW Toledo, Peoria & Western Railway t oon y o ork éal t y t r 0 100 200 300 km r er Y a n t APM Montreal Port Authority FLR Fife Lake Railway NBSR New Brunswick Southern Railway TRR Torch River Rail CP trackage, haulage and commercial rights oit ago r k tland c ding on xico w r r r uébec innipeg Fort Nelson é APNC Appanoose County Community Railroad FMR Forty Mile Railroad NCR Nipissing Central Railway UP Union Pacic e ansas hi alga ancou egina as o dmon hunder B o o Q Det E F K M Minneapolis Mon Mont N Alba Buffalo C C P R Saint John S T T V W APR Alberta Prairie Railway Excursions GEXR Goderich-Exeter Railway NECR New England Central Railroad VAEX Vale Railway CP principal shortline connections Albany 689 2622 1092 792 2636 2702 1574 3518 1517 2965 234 147 3528 412 2150 691 2272 1373 552 3253 1792 BCR The British Columbia Railway Company GFR Grand Forks Railway NJT New Jersey Transit Rail Operations VIA Via Rail A BCRY Barrie-Collingwood Railway GJR Guelph Junction Railway NLR Northern Light Rail VTR
    [Show full text]
  • Transitdata 2020 Sixth International Symposium on the Use of Public Transit Automated Data for Planning and Operations
    TransitData 2020 Sixth International Symposium on the Use of Public Transit Automated Data for Planning and Operations Hosted by the Transit Analytics Lab (TAL) at the University of Toronto Transportation Research Institute (UTTRI) PROGRAM Note: All times in Eastern Daylight Time. Tuesday 11 August, 2020 09:00 Plenary 1: Introduction to Symposium and to Transit Analytics Lab Words of Welcome and Introduction to UTTRI’s Transit Analytics Lab (TAL). • Amer Shalaby, Professor and TAL Director, Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto • Eric Miller, Professor and Director, University of Toronto Transportation Research Institute (UTTRI), Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto • Christopher Yip, Dean, Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada • Amer Shalaby and Brendon Hemily, TransitData 2020 Co-Chairs 09:45 Plenary 2: A Conversation with Professor Nigel Wilson: The Long Road to Data-Powered Transit Moderator: Brendon Hemily, Hemily and Associates Emeritus Professor Nigel Wilson of MIT is the eminence grise on research related to the use of automated transit date for planning and operations. We will engage him in conversation to discuss his perspectives on the use of transit data, and where we are today. 10:30 Break 10:50 Parallel Sessions of Lightning Presentations - Part 1 Our Call for Submissions resulted in over 80 accepted submissions from academics and practitioners alike. These studies will be presented in an innovative format of 6-minute lightning presentations, a sort of tapas tasting buffet, offering a broad menu on data-driven tools for planning and operations, methodology enhancements, and perspectives on related policy and organizational issues.
    [Show full text]
  • Prothonotary Warbler (Protonotaria Citrea) in Canada
    Species at Risk Act Recovery Strategy Series Recovery Strategy for the Prothonotary Warbler (Protonotaria citrea) in Canada Prothonotary Warbler 2011 Recommended citation: Environment Canada. 2011. Recovery Strategy for the Prothonotary Warbler (Protonotaria citrea) in Canada. Species at Risk Act Recovery Strategy Series. Environment Canada, Ottawa. v + 26 pp. For copies of the recovery strategy, or for additional information on species at risk, including COSEWIC Status Reports, residence descriptions, action plans, and other related recovery documents, please visit the Species at Risk Public Registry (www.sararegistry.gc.ca). Cover illustration: Judie Shore Également disponible en français sous le titre « Programme de rétablissement de la Paruline orangée (Protonotaria citrea) au Canada » © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, represented by the Minister of the Environment, 2011. All rights reserved. ISBN 978-1-100-17433-4 Catalogue no. En3-4/31-2011E-PDF Content (excluding the illustrations) may be used without permission, with appropriate credit to the source. Recovery Strategy for the Prothonotary Warbler 2011 PREFACE The federal, provincial, and territorial government signatories under the Accord for the Protection of Species at Risk (1996) agreed to establish complementary legislation and programs that provide for effective protection of species at risk throughout Canada. Under the Species at Risk Act (S.C. 2002, c.29) (SARA) the federal competent ministers are responsible for the preparation of recovery strategies for listed Extirpated, Endangered, and Threatened species and are required to report on progress within five years. The Minister of the Environment is the competent minister for the recovery of the Prothonotary Warbler and has prepared this strategy, as per section 37 of SARA.
    [Show full text]