DOCSLIB.ORG

Traditional Uses of Plant Biodiversity from Aravalli Hills of Rajasthan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Traditional Uses of Plant Biodiversity from Aravalli Hills of Rajasthan Indi an Journal of Traditional Knowledge Vo l. 2( 1), January 2003. pp. 27-39 Traditional uses of plant biodiversity from Aravalli hills of Rajasthan *S S Katewa, B L Chaudhary, Anita Jain and Praveen Galav Laboratory of Ethnobotany and Agrosto logy, Department of Botany. College of Science. M.L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur 313 001, India Received 11 Jcmuwy 2002: revised 29 May 2002 A large number of tribals living in remote thick forest areas of the Aravalli hill s of Mewar region depend on nature for th eir basic necessities of life. These people, especially belonging to primiti ve o r aboriginal culture possess a good deal of information about properties and uses of plants. In th e present paper an attempt has been made to document the precious traditional knowledge about the uses and properties of wi ld plants, which the aboriginals of Aravalli hills of Mewar region possess. The paper also di scusses th e current role of pl ants in the manufacture of traditio nal goods, and outlines some of the speciali st skill, which is involved in the produc­ ti on of such ite ms. Keywords: Tribals, Traditional Botanical knowledge. Aravalli hills. Folk medicine. Ethnofood plants. The primitive man, through a process of dom on plant resource utilization to the trial and error, screened in hi s own way posterity. Moreover, the knowledge of the wild growing plants for edible, me­ indigenous people is invaluable in th e dicinal and other material purposes. In­ present day context of biological diversity di genous communities living in biodiver­ conservation and its sustainable utiliza­ sity rich areas possess a wealth of knowl­ tion. The Mewar hills of Rajasthan har­ edge on the utilization and conservation bour vast diversity of vegetation. It in­ of food and medicinal plants. This tradi­ cludes subtropical evergreen forests of tional knowledge developed over years of Boswellia serrata, Dendrocala111us stric­ observation, trial and error, inference and tus and Tectona grandis. These forests inheritance has largely remained with the are inhabited by the major tribes of the state, viz. Bhils, Garasias, Damors, and indigenous people. The knowledge of Kathodias. These tribes are the custodians tribes on the value of plants has helped of local indigenous knowledge. The sur­ th em to have a sense of responsibility in rounding plants form an integral part o r judiciously utilizing the plant resources their culture and the information about and also to conserve and pass on the wis- plants gets passed on from generation to generation only through oral folk-lore *Correspondent author although many times kept secret. 28 INDIAN J TRADIT IONAL KNOWLEDGE. VOL 2. No. I. JANUARY 2003 Deforestation , semi-modernization, vegetation before them the tribals were transmigration, colonization, industriali­ prompted to remark on the utility of spe­ zation and other developmental activities cies especiall y when accompanied by a have threatened not only the biological group. Interviews yielding good res ults resources, but also the traditional culture could also be obtained at the Headman's and ethnobotan ical knowledge. There­ abode or a common place perhaps out of a fore, an urgent need is felt to undertake sense of security in group with their Chief ethnobotanical studies before extinction present. of th e tribal life and culture through ag­ In smal ler groups women folk were gressive modern civilization. lesser in number, but both the sexes were Et hnobotanical studies on Mewar region represented in larger groups and resulted in of Rajasthan have been carried out by heterogeneity of information. The persons 1 Josh i , Singh and Pandey", Karewa and mos tly above the age of 60 ha ve accurate Arora' . Katewa and Guria~, Karewa and information regarding th eir old traditions. 5 Sharma • Katewa and Choudhar/', Karewa Participation in th eir feasts. festivals, other et ot 8 A peru sal of the literature revea ls social events, etc. was of great use in col­ that though a lot of ethnobotanical work lecting information on pl ants and observi ng has been done on Aravalli hills of Mewar how th ey are used. The plants were identi­ region, some ethnobotanical gaps exist in fied according to the Ben tham and thi s region as reported in the present paper. Hooker's system of classification using local floristic works i. e. Bhandari'1 ;.mel 10 Methods of survt'Y Shetty and Singh • The doubtful speci­ Eth nobotanical survey of the Aravalli mens were confirmed in the Herbarium at hi lis was carried out during 1998 to 200 I. the Forest Research In stitute, Dehra Dun. On reaching a village or locality, rapport Voucher speci mens were deposited at the was established with one or two persons Depm·tment of Botany, College of Science, preferably tk Chief, and contact was then M.L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur. es tabli shed with other tribals of the local ­ ity. Enquiries were made on th e plant mate­ Observations rial used in different artifacts. which were seen. and notes taken. l. Wild ethnomedicinal plants Generally two types of interviews were The traditional healers of Rajasthan taken, firstly of indi viduals and secondly of have a commendable knowledge or the groups. or individuals, persons were se­ medicinal properties of plants that grow lected at random on the way or enteri11g a around them (Table I and Pl ates I & 2). hut finding out knowledgeable individuals The traditional usc of plants as herbal from the village or al so the Bhopa (vi llage remedies has further declined due to scar­ pric-.t) or the Headman. In group inter­ city of such plants, which is caused by ' iew'> more than one individual were ap­ multifarious human act ivity coupled with proached, our purpose explain ed and intcr­ natural calamities like drought~ and over­ vielv-, taken . In forests wi th the ambient grazing by sheep. goats and other domestic Table I - Traditi onal clilnom.:dic.: inal plam' used by the tr ibal ~ of Arm'alli hills of Mcw;u· region Botanical name and family Local name Locality Et iln omedicinal uses Abrus precatorius Linn. (Fabaceae) Chirmi Mehcnduriya (i) Leaves are chewed for 2-3 days to cure white and red bli ster in I he mouth. ;:»; )> -l (ii) Seeds are used as an antifertility drug both by male as we ll as rn female. )>< Leaves are ground with milk and given orally to cure dysentery. Ahutilon indicum (Linn.) Sw. Talakuchi Railrnagra ~ Decocti on of leaves is given in urinary troubles. (Malvaceae) ~ Alne barbadensis Mill (Liliaccac) Gawarpatha Dariba Pulp of leaves is used in li ver di seases and for reducing unwanted -l ;N deposition of fat in the body. )> 0 Anethum graveolens Linn. Suwa Devar Seed extract is given orally thrice a day for three days to di ssolve =i (Apiaceae) kidney stone. 0 z Aresaema torluosum (Wall.) Schott Kotukand Mehenduriya 25 gram underground bulb of thi s plant is cmshed and given orall y in )> (Araccae) snake-bite. Bulb is fri ed in ghee and given to the patient for cure of r c bone fj·aciUrc. C/l rn Aristolochia hracteolata Lam. Kalipad Rajpura Leaf extract is given orall y in snake-bite. C/l (Aristolochiaceae) .,0 "'0 Bombax ceiba Linn. (Bombacaceae) Ham Ia Dudhalia Sugar is mixed in the infusion of flowers and given orally in acidity r )> and urinary problems. Root bark mixed with honey and given as tonic. z Calotropis gigantea (Linn.) R. Rr. SafedAkro Railmagra Powder of white flowers is mixed with honey and taken orally to cure -l o::l (Asclepiadaceae) mental di sorders. 0 Cassia fora Linn. (Caesalpiniaccac) Puwadia Gorumghat Seed paste is used on ringworm. Tea is prepared from seed and given 0 < to patients of asthma. Leaf ex tract is used to reduce fat. rn ;N Celastrus paniculatus Willd. Malkangni Kumbhalgarh Seed oi l is employed in rheumatic pains. The powdered seeds are used C/l =i (Celastraceac) as a brain tonic and to increase memory. -< Celosia argentea Linn. Kukldi 13 etumbi 20 gram crushed seeds are taken orally for three days against ovatian (Amaranthaccac) and ulcrine di se;t~es. Ceropegia tuherosa Roxb. Khadula Charana Rool. bulb and leaves are eaten by the 1ribals to cure kidney stone. (Asclepiadaccac) ( Comtl) r--.> \0 w 0 Table I - Traditional eth nomedicitn l plams used by the tribals o( A ravall i hil ls of Mcwar region-Cnmd z Botanical name and family Local name Locality Etlmomedicinal uses S2 )> z '- Cae.wlpinia bmrduc (Linn.) Roxb. CuntKamj Kamli ghat Leaves of Caesalpinia bonduc and A;:adirachta indica are roasted and ~ made into powder. This powder is given three times a day for th ree ;;v (Caesalpiniaccac) )> days to cure malarial fever. 0 ::j Chlorophytum borivilwnum Sant & Dh olimusli Gorum ghat Tubers are used in anaemic condition and in rheumatism. 0 Fernand. (Liliaceae) z )> Chrozophora rottleri (Geis.) A . .Juss. Subali PondofM ehcnduriy Crushed leaves arc applied on the face in sunburn and also in r ;:>:; ex Spreng. (Euphorbiaceae) a sunstroke. z Citrus medica Linn. (Rutaceae) Bijaura Kumbhalgarh Fruits are sour. refrigerant and digestive. Fruit powder is also used for 0 ~ di ssolving iron in the ani mal body. r rn De11drnphthoe falcata (L.f.) Etting. Salarbel Gorumghat The pl ant is parasitic on Boswel/ia serrara. Decoction of stem is give n 0 var.falcata (Lora nthaceae) for menstrual troubles. 0 f'1 Diplocyclos palmata (Linn.) .Jeffery Shivlingi Las ani Crushed seeds of D. palmata and ash of Striga orobanchioides are < 0 (Cucurbitaccae) mixed in jaggery and pallctes are prepru-cd. One pallet is taken thrice a r day by ladies for six weeks after pregnancy for binh of male child.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Not Eligible) - General
    LIST OF STUDENTS UNDER SPECIAL SCHOLARSHIP SCHEME FOR J&K 2013-14 (NOT ELIGIBLE) - GENERAL DATE S.N CA FIRST MIDDLE LAST CATEG COLLEGE FATHER’S OF COURSE NAME REASON O. NID NAME NAME NAME NAME ORY NAME BIRTH ABHILASHI SHAKEEL 13-11- ORIGINAL DOMICILE, INCOME CERTIFICATE 1 SHADAB AHMAD MANHAS SEBC GROUP OF B PHARMA MANHAS 1996 NOT PRODUCED INSTITUTE ABHILASHI GH MOHD. 01/01/19 ORIGINAL INCOME CERTIFICATE NOT 2 ABID HUSSAIN RATHER OPEN GROUP OF B.PHARMA RATHER 95 PRODUCED INSTITUTE ADESH 455 SH. CHUNI 7-FEB- B.SC MRI CT 3 VISHALI . SHARMA OPEN UNIVERSITY,B INCOME CERTIFICATE NOT PRODUCED 58 LAL 1995 TECHNOLOGY ATHINDA MANZOOR ADESH 459 MEHWIS MANZOO 31-MAR- BACHELOR 4 KHAN AHMAD OPEN UNIVERSITY,B INCOME CERTIFICATE NOT PRODUCED 15 H R 1993 PHYSIOTHERAPY(BPT) KHAN ATHINDA ADHUNIK MOHD INSTITUTE OF 385 8-MAR- 5 AZAD ASHRAF KAWA ASHRAF OPEN EDUCATION & BCA DOMICILE CERTIFICATE NOT PRODUCED 41 1994 KAWA RESEARCH, GHAZIABAD SH. ALWAR 405 BURHA IRSHAD 6-AUG- 6 IRSHAD DEV OPEN PHARMACY B.PHARMACY MANAGEMENT QUOTA 82 N AHMAD 1994 COLLEGE DEV ALWAR 405 MUZAMI SH. MOHD 28-SEP- 7 AYOOB AYOOB SEBC PHARMACY B.PHARMACY MANAGEMENT QUOTA 97 L AYOOB 1996 COLLEGE MUNEER AMAR JYOTI 399 MEHREE 1-JUL- BACHLOR IN 8 SYED MUNEER AHMAD OPEN CHARITABLE PROOF OF ADMISSION IS NOT SUBMITTED 84 N 1991 PHYSIOTHERAPY NAQASH TRUST AMITY LAW 474 MOHAN 18-JUL- 9 TARUN MOHAN SHARMA OPEN SCHOOL BA LLB 12TH FROM OUTSIDE J&K 34 LAL 1994 NOIDA AMRITSAR COLLEGE OF AB 427 16-FEB- HOTEL 10 AABID QAYOOM QAYOOM OPEN B.SC INCOME CERTIFICATE NOT PRODUCED 53 1995 MANAGEMENT WANI AND
    [Show full text]
  • Rosary Pea Abrus Precatorius (L.) Fabaceae
    InvasiveInvasive SpeciesSpecies ManagementManagement PlansPlans forfor FloridaFlorida Rosary Pea Abrus precatorius (L.) Fabaceae INTRODUCTION Rosary pea has been widely used in Florida as an ornamental plant for many years. The native range of rosary pea is India and parts of Asia, where this plant is used for various purposes. The roots of this plant are used to induce abortion and relieve abdominal discomfort. The seeds of this plant are so uniform in size and weight that they are used as standards in weight measurement. The seeds can also be used to make jewelry. Interestingly, one of the most deadly plant toxins, abrin, is produced by rosary pea (Abrus precatorius). Studies have shown that as little as 0.00015% of toxin per body weight will cause fatality in humans (a single seed). Interestingly, birds appear to be unaffected by the deadly toxin as they have been shown to readily disperse rosary pea seed. DESCRIPTION Rosary pea is a small, high climbing vine with alternately compound leaves, 2-5 inches long, with 5 to 15 pairs of oblong leaflets. A key characteristic in identifying rosary pea is the lack of a terminal leaflet on the compound leaves. The flowers are small, pale, and violet to pink, clustered in leaf axils. The fruit is characteristic of a legume. The pod is oblong, flat and truncate shaped, roughly 1½ - 2 inches long. This seedpod curls back when it opens, revealing the seeds. The seeds are small, brilliant red with a black spot. These characteristics give the plant another common name of crab’s eyes. IMPACTS Rosary pea is found throughout central and southern Florida, including Marion, Lake, Palm Beach, and Manatee counties.
    [Show full text]
  • Wound Healing Activity of Latex of Calotropis Gigantea
    International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol. 1, Issue 1, July-Sep. 2009 Research article WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF LATEX OF CALOTROPIS GIGANTEA NARENDRA NALWAYA1*, GAURAV POKHARNA1, LOKESH DEB2, NAVEEN KUMAR JAIN1 *Phone no.+91-9907037834, E mail- [email protected] 1B.R. Nahata College of Pharmacy, BRNSS-Contract Research Center, Mhow-Neemuch Road, Mandsaur (M.P.)-458001, India 2Medicinal and Horticultural Plant Resources Division, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development (IBSD), Takyelpat Institutional Area, Imphal-795001 (Manipur), India Received- 18 March 09, Revised and Accepted- 06 April 09 ABSTRACT The entire wound healing process is a complex series of events that begins at the moment of injury and can continue for months to years. The stages of wound healing are inflammatory phase, proliferation phase, fibroblastic phase and maturation phase. The Latex of Calotropis gigantean (200 mg/kg/day) was evaluated for its wound healing activity in albino rats using excision and incision wound models. Latex treated animals exhibit 83.42 % reduction in wound area when compared to controls which was 76.22 %. The extract treated wounds are found to epithelize faster as compared to controls. Significant (p<0.001) increase in granuloma breaking strength (485±34.64) was observed. The Framycetin sulphate cream (FSC) 1 % w/w was used as standard. Keywords: Calotropis gigantea, Wound healing, Excision wound, Incision wound, Framycetin sulphate cream. INTRODUCTION taught in a popular form of Indian The wound may be defined as a loss or medicine known as Ayurveda1. breaking of cellular and anatomic or Calotropis gigantea Linn. (Asclepiadaceae) functional continuity of living tissues.
    [Show full text]
  • LIST of INDIAN CITIES on RIVERS (India)
    List of important cities on river (India) The following is a list of the cities in India through which major rivers flow. S.No. City River State 1 Gangakhed Godavari Maharashtra 2 Agra Yamuna Uttar Pradesh 3 Ahmedabad Sabarmati Gujarat 4 At the confluence of Ganga, Yamuna and Allahabad Uttar Pradesh Saraswati 5 Ayodhya Sarayu Uttar Pradesh 6 Badrinath Alaknanda Uttarakhand 7 Banki Mahanadi Odisha 8 Cuttack Mahanadi Odisha 9 Baranagar Ganges West Bengal 10 Brahmapur Rushikulya Odisha 11 Chhatrapur Rushikulya Odisha 12 Bhagalpur Ganges Bihar 13 Kolkata Hooghly West Bengal 14 Cuttack Mahanadi Odisha 15 New Delhi Yamuna Delhi 16 Dibrugarh Brahmaputra Assam 17 Deesa Banas Gujarat 18 Ferozpur Sutlej Punjab 19 Guwahati Brahmaputra Assam 20 Haridwar Ganges Uttarakhand 21 Hyderabad Musi Telangana 22 Jabalpur Narmada Madhya Pradesh 23 Kanpur Ganges Uttar Pradesh 24 Kota Chambal Rajasthan 25 Jammu Tawi Jammu & Kashmir 26 Jaunpur Gomti Uttar Pradesh 27 Patna Ganges Bihar 28 Rajahmundry Godavari Andhra Pradesh 29 Srinagar Jhelum Jammu & Kashmir 30 Surat Tapi Gujarat 31 Varanasi Ganges Uttar Pradesh 32 Vijayawada Krishna Andhra Pradesh 33 Vadodara Vishwamitri Gujarat 1 Source – Wikipedia S.No. City River State 34 Mathura Yamuna Uttar Pradesh 35 Modasa Mazum Gujarat 36 Mirzapur Ganga Uttar Pradesh 37 Morbi Machchu Gujarat 38 Auraiya Yamuna Uttar Pradesh 39 Etawah Yamuna Uttar Pradesh 40 Bangalore Vrishabhavathi Karnataka 41 Farrukhabad Ganges Uttar Pradesh 42 Rangpo Teesta Sikkim 43 Rajkot Aji Gujarat 44 Gaya Falgu (Neeranjana) Bihar 45 Fatehgarh Ganges
    [Show full text]
  • Ear-Based-Amendments-Signed-Con
    Paragraph Reference Number CONSERVATION, AQUIFER RECHARGE AND DRAINAGE ELEMENT INTRODUCTION 1. The environmental sensitivity of Miami-Dade County is underscored by the fact that the urban developed area of the County portion lies between two national parks, Everglades and Biscayne National Parks, and the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. The close relationship of tourism to the preservation of Miami-Dade County's unique native plants, fish, wildlife, beaches and near shore water quality is closely related to the continued success of the County’s tourism industry. and as such preservation So, natural resource preservation in Miami-Dade County has been recognized as an economic as well as environmental issue. The close proximity of an expanding urbanized area to national and State resource-based parks, and over 6,000 acres of natural areas within County parks, presents a unique challenge to Miami-Dade County to provide sound management. In addition, many experts suggest that South Florida will be significantly affected by rising sea levels, intensifying droughts, floods, and hurricanes as a result of climate change. As a partner in the four county Southeast Florida Regional Climate Change Compact, Miami-Dade has committed to study the potential negative impacts to the County given climate change projections, and is working to analyze strategies to adapt to these impacts and protect the built environment and natural resources. 2. The County has addressed this is also working to address these challenges by in several ways including working closely with other public and private sector agencies and groups to obtain a goal of sustainability. The close relationship of tourism to the preservation of Miami-Dade County's unique native plants and wildlife has been recognized as an economic as well as environmental issue.
    [Show full text]
  • Cocoa Beach Maritime Hammock Preserve Management Plan
    MANAGEMENT PLAN Cocoa Beach’s Maritime Hammock Preserve City of Cocoa Beach, Florida Florida Communities Trust Project No. 03 – 035 –FF3 Adopted March 18, 2004 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION PAGE I. Introduction ……………………………………………………………. 1 II. Purpose …………………………………………………………….……. 2 a. Future Uses ………….………………………………….…….…… 2 b. Management Objectives ………………………………………….... 2 c. Major Comprehensive Plan Directives ………………………..….... 2 III. Site Development and Improvement ………………………………… 3 a. Existing Physical Improvements ……….…………………………. 3 b. Proposed Physical Improvements…………………………………… 3 c. Wetland Buffer ………...………….………………………………… 4 d. Acknowledgment Sign …………………………………..………… 4 e. Parking ………………………….………………………………… 5 f. Stormwater Facilities …………….………………………………… 5 g. Hazard Mitigation ………………………………………………… 5 h. Permits ………………………….………………………………… 5 i. Easements, Concessions, and Leases …………………………..… 5 IV. Natural Resources ……………………………………………..……… 6 a. Natural Communities ………………………..……………………. 6 b. Listed Animal Species ………………………….…………….……. 7 c. Listed Plant Species …………………………..…………………... 8 d. Inventory of the Natural Communities ………………..………….... 10 e. Water Quality …………..………………………….…..…………... 10 f. Unique Geological Features ………………………………………. 10 g. Trail Network ………………………………….…..………..……... 10 h. Greenways ………………………………….…..……………..……. 11 i Adopted March 18, 2004 V. Resources Enhancement …………………………..…………………… 11 a. Upland Restoration ………………………..………………………. 11 b. Wetland Restoration ………………………….…………….………. 13 c. Invasive Exotic Plants …………………………..…………………... 13 d. Feral
    [Show full text]
  • The Historical Thar Desert of India
    ISSN 2039-2117 (online) Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol 12 No 4 ISSN 2039-9340 (print) www.richtmann.org July 2021 . Research Article © 2021 Manisha Choudhary. This is an open access article licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) Received: 14 May 2021 / Accepted: 28 June 2021 / Published: 8 July 2021 The Historical Thar Desert of India Manisha Choudhary Assistant Professor, Department of History, University of Delhi, India DOI: https://doi.org/10.36941/mjss-2021-0029 Abstract Desert was a ‘no-go area’ and the interactions with it were only to curb and contain the rebelling forces. This article is an attempt to understand the contours and history of Thar Desert of Rajasthan and to explore the features that have kept the various desert states (Jodhpur, Jaisalmer, Barmer, Bikaner etc.) and their populace sustaining in this region throughout the ages, even when this region had scarce water resources and intense desert with huge and extensive dunes. Through political control the dynasts kept the social organisation intact which ensured regular incomes for their respective dynasties. Through the participation of various social actors this dry and hot desert evolved as a massive trade emporium. The intense trade activities of Thar Desert kept the imperial centres intact in this agriculturally devoid zone. In the harsh environmental conditions, limited means, resources and the objects, the settlers of this desert were able to create a huge economy that sustained effectively. The economy build by them not only allowed the foundation and formation of the states, it also ensured their continuation and expansion over the centuries.
    [Show full text]
  • His Highness Arvind Singh Mewar Would Be Very Grateful If You
    INTRODUCTION Tod evidently knew so much at fi rst hand; he read everything bearing on his subject that he could come across, and he wrote it all down with such honesty of purpose and in so entertaining a style that he produced a classic: and classics are apt to be dangerous things …1 “His Highness Arvind Singh Mewar would be very grateful if you could telephone him as soon as possible …” A messenger from the calling booth near my apartment in Jaipur delivered the fax on a hot aft ernoon in late March. I had met Shri Arvind Singh two weeks earlier at one of his hotels in Bikaner. He had graciously made time for a private meet- ing to discuss my work on James Tod and invited me to lunch with a Brazilian polo player he was recruiting for his team, his English media consultant and his daughter—a daunting crowd, and not the company in which I typically fi nd myself. Because he was the “Mahārānā,”̣ were such titles still possible, I wanted to learn what he knew of Tod. He had a reputation for being well disposed towards scholars, and I harbored the hope that he might have a cache of materials in his possession, or at least family lore that would be of use to me. Th ere was no archive, but he was friendly, inter- ested, and very supportive of my work. I went quickly to return his call and found that he had a task for me. His trust, the Maharana Mewar Charitable Foundation (MMCF) every year gives out a series of awards to individuals who exemplify the ide- als that the foundation was instituted to support.
    [Show full text]
  • ISTA List of Stabilized Plant Names 7Th Edition
    ISTA List of Stabilized Plant Names th 7 Edition ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. M. Schori Published by All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be The Internation Seed Testing Association (ISTA) reproduced, stored in any retrieval system or transmitted Zürichstr. 50, CH-8303 Bassersdorf, Switzerland in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior ©2020 International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) permission in writing from ISTA. ISBN 978-3-906549-77-4 ISTA List of Stabilized Plant Names 1st Edition 1966 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Prof P. A. Linehan 2nd Edition 1983 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. H. Pirson 3rd Edition 1988 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. W. A. Brandenburg 4th Edition 2001 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. J. H. Wiersema 5th Edition 2007 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. J. H. Wiersema 6th Edition 2013 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. J. H. Wiersema 7th Edition 2019 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. M. Schori 2 7th Edition ISTA List of Stabilized Plant Names Content Preface .......................................................................................................................................................... 4 Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................................... 6 Symbols and Abbreviations ..........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Pollinators Fact Sheet
    Southern University Agricultural Research and Extension Center Enhancing Capacity of Louisiana's Small Farms and Businesses Sustainable Urban Agriculture Fact Sheet POLLINATORS What Can We Do to Save the Monarch Butterflies? NO MILKWEED. NO MONARCHS. In 2014, monarch butterflies made headline news when the number of these butterflies hibernating in Mexico plunged to its lowest level. The decline in monarch butterflies has been linked to the disappearance of milkweed plants across the U.S. Some estimate that the number of milkweed plants has declined by as much as 80 percent. WHY IS MILKWEED IMPORTANT? No milkweed, no monarchs! It's that simple! Milkweed is the main food source for monarch butterflies. Monarch caterpillars need milkweed to grow into butterflies. They also lay eggs on these plants. Their habitat is disappearing, mainly because milkweed population have been decimated by the use of herbicides on soybean, corn and cotton crops. Milkweed, which grows on the edges of corn and soybeans fields, can't withstand the herbicides sprayed on these crops. Another reason for the decline of the milkweed populations is urbanization. LIFE CYCLE After hibernating in Mexico, the monarchs begin their journey North in February or March. Most monarchs live for only six weeks, but during the long migrations between Mexico and North America, some special migrating butterflies live up to several months. These migrations can cover over 2,000 miles each way. SUSTAINABLE URBAN AGRICULTURE WHAT CAN WE DO TO SAVE THE MONARCH BUTTERFLIES? Adult monarch butterflies lay their eggs on milkweed plants. Planting milkweed is also a great way to help other pollinators, as they provide valuable nectar as a food source for both bees and butterflies.
    [Show full text]
  • (4Th International Conference on Water Resources and Arid Environme
    4th International Conference on Water Resources and Arid Environments (ICWRAE 4): 429-438 5-8 December 2010, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia A Historical Perspective of the Development of Rain Water Harvesting Techniques in the Mewar Region, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India Narpat Singh Rathore Department of Geography, University College of Social Sciences and Humanities M.L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India Abstract: Water is an essential resource for our existence. However its availability is not only limited but also very unevenly distributed world over. The largest brunt of its scarcity is experienced in the semi arid and arid regions of the world. Consequently the people of these regions have, from times immemorial, been practicing techniques of rain water conservation and management. Rajasthan is the largest state of India area wise however it has only one percent of the total water resources of the country. Rain water conservation and management techniques have been in practice in the different parts of the state from time immemorial. The present study is concentrated on the water conservation and water management practices developed during the reigns of the various Rawals, Ranas and Maharanas of the Mewar State, Rajasthan. The study area includes Banswara, Bhilwara, Chittorgarh, Dungarpur, Rajsamand, Pratapgarh and Udaipur Districts. The present research paper is an attempt to study and highlight the various scientific techniques and methods adopted for the conservation and management of rain water. Key words: Ahar • Bhela • Genda • Hameda • Roof water harvesting • River diversion • River Linkage INTRODUCTION Region of South Rajasthan. Mewar Region is a prominent area located to the south of the Great Indian Desert of The availability of water is not only limited but Rajasthan, India.
    [Show full text]
  • A Sub Range of the Hindu Kush Himalayan Range. Ladakh Range Is a Mountain Range in Central Ladakh
    A sub range of the Hindu Kush Himalayan range. Ladakh Range is a mountain range in central Ladakh. Karakoram range span its border between Pakistan, India & china. It lies between the Indus and Shyok river valleys, stretching to 230 miles. Karakoram serve as a watershed for the basin of the Indus and Yarkand river. Ladakh range is regarded as southern extension of the Karakoram range. K2, the second highest peak in the world is located here. Extension of the Ladakh range into china is known as Kailash range. Glacier like Siachen, and Biafo are found in this range. Ladakh Range Karakoram Range Mountain Ranges in India Pir panjal Range Zaskar Range Group of mountains in the Himalayas. Group of mountains in the Lesser Himalayan region, near They extended southeastward for some 400 mile from Karcha river the bank of Sutlej river. to the upper Karnali river. Separates Jammu hills to the south from the vale of Kashimr Lies here coldest place in India, Dras. (the gateway to Ladakh) beyond which lie the Great Himalayas. Kamet Peak is the highest point. Highest points Indrasan. Famous passes- Shipki, Lipu Lekh and Mana pass. Famous passes- Pir Panjal, Banihal pass, Rohtang pass. Part of lesser Himalayan chain of Mountains. Mountain range of the outer Himalayas that stretches from the Indus river about It rise from the Indian plains to the north of Kangra and Mandi. 2400 km eastwards close to the Brahmaputra river. The highest peak in this range is the Hanuman Tibba or 'White Mountain' A gap of about 90 km between the Teesta and Raidak river in Assam known approaches from Beas kund.
    [Show full text]