£11~6 V) 3$Or NVS November, 1969 69ZIN* IS 13~~VW $ OIT Vol. 18, No. 12 ~ 0 1 0 ~n;)j7F 2 'iz? ' S£969£f9 1 J3S SlVJI00I~3d • . /~ SAN JOSE PU BLIC LIBRARY CDI •• ~uters and automation ... Computer A ffects Football Strategies •'~ If your office isn't ~xactly surrounded by good I(eyboard operators, we can train as many as you need. We specialize in increasing the We increase the productivity Where we do it. productivity and accuracy of and accuracy of existing operators, KTI is unique. We do not computer input equipment too. We do it by reducing operator operate schools or conduct classes operators - experienced employees errors by 50% to 80%. And by in the usual sense. We work only as well as new operators. increasing speed from 15% to with employers. For example, when the Book­ 40% with corresponding expense KTI trains on-the-job or of-the-Month Club moved its offices savings. off-the-job. Our professional to Camp Hill, Pa., they discovered Computerworld concluded, in instructor will work with your there weren't enough keypunch an independent study, that. the operators on your own equipment operators available. So they called average increase in operator and primarily on your own us in. And we trained the operators productivity is 22%. documents. they nee?.~e.a . from scratch. In just So it's no wonder that top What it costs. Fortune companies like three ~ weeks. The amount varies. But AT&T and Mobil Oil use savings in the first year usually our services. So do 4 of the top 5 exceed five times the investment. banks listed by Fortune. And 8 of So the service pays for itself in the 10 leading insurance companies. 9-13 weeks. We train for whatever type of keyboard-operated equipment you Free consultation or appraisal. have. Keypunch, magnetic tape, For a free consultation about typewriting, CRT, calculating, etc. KTI, or a brief appraisal of your How we do it. present operators, write or call us. ·"11 can have as many great uerators as you need. ,here you're located. aining InCOPDOr81edID ke your operators I as your eqUipment. w York, N.Y.10017. (212) 889-2430. 617) 742-3522. Chicago (312) 298-4170. 4431. Detroit (313) 352-1133. 309. Los Angeles (213) 386-5650. IA2-8651.SanFrancisco (415) 883-6631. 12) 638-3890. Toronto (416) 225-2535. I ~ For Interdata Designate No. 40 on R.ad., S... k. c.J I Letters To The Editor Seeks Computer Art works you might obtain. Their addresses are Editor Edmund C. Berkeley given on page 32 of the August issue. We are refurbishing portions of the Associate Editor Sharry langdale space in which we have terminals in­ stalled. We'd very much like the space Assistant Editors Moses M. Berlin to avoid the institutional look that is linda ladd lovett Neil D. Macdonald so distressingly and depressingly preva­ Right Answers lent. One decorating idea under con­ Software Editor Stewart B. Nelson sideration is using "computer-gener­ I just finished reading your article ated" art. I am writing to inquire, entitled "Right Answers-A Short Advertising Director Bernard lane therefore, how I might obtain enlarge­ Guide for Obtaining Them" in your Art Directors Ray W. Hass ments of some of the works submitted September issue (page 20). I was im­ Daniel T. Langdale as entries in your most recent art pressed! It appears to me that you Contributing Editors John Bennett contest (featured in the August, 1969 have done some excellent thinking. I issue). am glad you are writing a book. I want Andrew D. Booth to get on the I ist of persons to be John W. Carr III notified when your book becomes Ned Chapin ROBERT M. GORDON available. I am therefore enclosing two Alston S. Householder Director self-addressed post cards which you Peter Kugel Interactive Computing Facility can put in your files for the big day. Leslie Mezei Univ. of Cab!, Irvine (The Dallas card is my parents' ad­ Rod E. Packer Irvine, Calif. 92664 dress-one can never tell where one is Ted Schoeters going to be in an industry as dynamic /ldz'iJory Committee T. E. Cheatham, Jr. as ours; my specialty is software docu­ James J. Cryan Ed. Note-We do not have any reproduc­ mentation.) tions of the computer art features in our Richard W. Hamming Keep up the good work. August, 1969 issue, and we are not planning Alston S. Householder to produce any. You may request permis­ Victor Paschkis sion from us to make copies, full size or BOB PARKINSON larger. Or you may want to write directly to 1259 Parkington Fulfillment Manager William J. McMillan the artists themselves to see if they have any Sunnyvale, Calif. 94087 AdlJertising Representatives BOSTON 02116, Philip E. Nutting Lockheed is continuing to 1127 Statler Office Bldg., 617-542-7720 expand its efforts in interactive CHICAGO 60611, Cole, Mason, and Deming systems and has immediate 221 N. LaSalle St., Room 856, 312-641-1253 openings in its research laboratory. NEW YORK 10018, Bernard Lane The company is a leader in 37 West 39 St., 212-279-7281 research, development and PASADENA, CALIF. 91105, Douglas C. Lance implementation of computer­ aided design, computer 562 Bellefontaine St., 213-682-1464 graphics and man-computer ELSEWHERE, The Publisher interactive systems. Berkeley Enterprises, Inc. Positions are available in 815 Washington St., 617-332-5453 design and research in inter­ Newtonville, Mass. 02160 active computer and data management systems. Six Man-Computer years programming experience Editorial Offices with a bachelor's degree or BERKELEY ENTERPRISES, INC. Interactive three years' programming 815 WASHINGTON STREET, experience with an advanced NEWTONVILLE, MASS. 02160 degree is required. Knowledge Systems of digital computer executive CIRCULATION AUDITED BY systems and interactive AUDIT BUREAU OF CIRCULATIONS computing is desirable. If you are interested in Computers and Automation is published 13 times a expanding your career in this year (12 monthly issues plus an annual directory issue published in June) at 815 Washington St., Newtonville, field and would like to join Mass. 02160, by Berkeley Enterprises, Inc. Printed in in some very interesting work, U.S.A. Subscription rates: United States, $18.50 for 1 year, $36.00 for 2 years, including annual di· write U. D. McDonald, rectory issue - $9.50 for 1 year, $18.00 for two years without annual directory; Canada, add 50¢ Employment Manager, a ye·ar for postage; Foreign, add $3.50 a year for Lockheed-Georgia Company, postage. Address all U.S. subscription mail to: Berke· ley Enterprises, Inc., 815 Washington St., Newtonville, Airlift Center of the World Dept. 8211,2363 Kingston Mass. 02160. Second Class Postage paid at Boston, Court S.E:, Marietta, Georgia Mass. LOCKHEED-GEORGIA Postmaster: Please send all forms 3579 to Berkeley 30060. Lockheed is an equal Enterprises, Inc., 815 Washington St., Newtonville A Division of Lockheed Aircraft Corporation Mass. 02160. <D Copyright, 1969, by Berkeley Enter: opportunity employer. prises, Inc. Change of address: If your address changes, please send us both your new address and your old address (as it appears on the magazine address imprint), and allow three· weeks for the change to be made. Designate No. 32 on Reader Service Card 4 COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for November, 1969 Vol. 18, No. 12 - November, 1969 The magazine of the design, applications, and implications of information processing systems. Articles 24 APL: A PERSPICUOUS LANGUAGE by Garth H. Foster A description of the general characteristics (and an extensive bibliography) of APL (A Programming Language - and the reasons it is creating so much excitement in environ­ ments with computer systems based on interactive term ina Is. 30 MOTION PICTURE ANIMATION BY COMPUTER by Stephen A. Kallis, Jr. How the seemingly unlikely marriage of the computer industry and the motion picture industry is solving the technical problems of producing animated films. 36 AN ADVANCED MANUFACTURING CONTROL SYSTEM STABILIZES INVENTORY AND EMPLOYMENT COSTS The front cover picture by Paul J. Miller shows Terry Mallett~ a foot­ A case history of how the idea that "a number of profitable uses could be found for a ball coach at Kent State Uni­ computer" created an effective management information system out of a typical data processing base. versity~ and his players re­ viewing a computer printout from the school~s computer. 41 A PRAGMATIC APPROACH TO WORKABLE DATA PROCESSING Kent is using the computer CONTROLS to analyze game strategy in by Troy J. Smith hopes of improving on their A practical way to establish and maintain effective internal controls in the areas of: last year~s record of 1 win input; processing; bursting, decollating and binding; and the distribution of reports. and 9 losses. For more infor­ mation~ see page 59. 44 AUTOMATIC DATA PROCESSING SYSTEMS - PHYSICAL INSTALLATION CONSIDERA TIONS by Alan L. Weiser A detailed outline of how to plan and prepare for the physical environment of a data processing system. Departments Regular Features 56 Across the Editor's Desk - Com- puting and Data Processing Editorial Newsletter 8 Information Engineering and the Curriculum of the Future, by Edmund C. Berkeley 74 Advertising Index Ideas: Spotlight 18 The rules for choosing among these courses of action have been known for a long time, but 11 As We Go to Press the calculations are laborious . _ . , by Frederic G. Withington 34 Book Reviews C&A Worldwide 50 Report from Great Britain, by Ted Schoeters 51 Calendar of Coming Events Jobs and Careers in Data Processing 74 Classified Advertisements 53 People and Computers - Part 2, by the Right Honourable Lord Robens 4 Letters to the Editor Multi-Access Forum 71 Monthly Computer Census 13 "The Anti-Ballistic- Missile System Called 'Safeguard' and the Social Responsibilities of Com- puter People" - Discussion, by T.