DOCSLIB.ORG

Vespa Mandarinia Pest Response Guidelines

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Vespa Mandarinia Pest Response Guidelines United States Department of Agriculture New Pest Response Animal and Plant Health Guidelines Inspection Service Vespa mandarinia Plant Protection and Quarantine Asian giant hornet The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. The opinions expressed by individuals in this report do not necessarily represent the policies of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Mention of companies or commercial products does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture over others not mentioned. USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of any product mentioned. Product names are mentioned solely to report factually on available data and to provide specific information. This publication reports research involving pesticides. All uses of pesticides must be registered by appropriate state and/or federal agencies before they can be recommended. CAUTION: Pesticides can be injurious to humans, domestic animals, desirable plants, and fish or other wildlife—if they are not handled or applied properly. Use all pesticides selectively and carefully. Follow recommended practices for the disposal of surplus pesticides and pesticide containers. Last update 02102020 Vespa mandarinia 2 Contents V. mandarinia Contents ................................................................................................................. 3 Figures and Tables ................................................................................................ 4 1. Introduction .................................................................................................... 6 2. Pest Overview ................................................................................................. 7 3. Pest Identification ......................................................................................... 23 4. Survey and Eradication ............................................................................... 28 5. Control Options ............................................................................................ 39 6. Research Needs ............................................................................................. 44 Literature Cited .................................................................................................. 46 Untested Traps and Baits .................................................................................. 52 Environmental Compliance .............................................................................. 58 Comments and Feedback .................................................................................. 61 Authors and Reviewers....................................................................................... 62 Last update 02102020 Vespa mandarinia 3 Figures and Tables V. mandarinia Figures Figure 2-1. Ecological timing of Vespa mandarinia ............................................................................ 9 Figure 2-2. Vespa mandarinia nesting. ............................................................................................... 12 Figure 2-3. Decapitated bees from an apiary in Custer, Washington. ................................................ 15 Figure 2-4. Different ways that people consume foods made from Vespa mandarinia. .................... 17 Figure 2-5. Methods used in rural Japan to find and collect Vespa mandarinia nests to sell or eat. .. 18 Figure 2-6. Plant Hardiness Zone maps .............................................................................................. 20 Figure 3-1. Vespa mandarinia from Japan, India, and Washington. .................................................. 24 Figure 3-2. Vespa mandarinia larvae and pupae ................................................................................ 25 Figure 3-3. Heads of Vespa species .................................................................................................... 26 Figure 3-4. Species of social vespids in North America that look similar to Vespa mandarinia. ...... 27 Figure 4-1. Recommended survey timing based on caste activity. ..................................................... 30 Figure 4-2. Diagram of a post-detection delimiting survey scheme. .................................................. 31 Figure 4-3. Homemade trap designs. .................................................................................................. 33 Figure 4-4. Bucket trap baited with diluted fermented milk drink ..................................................... 34 Figure 4-5. Protective gear designed to protect the wearer from hornet stings. ................................. 36 Figure A- 1. Trap designs. .................................................................................................................. 54 Last update 02102020 Vespa mandarinia 4 Tables Table 2-1. List of reported sap sources for Vespa mandarinia in Japan ............................................. 13 Table 2-2. Reports of Vespa mandarinia from North America. ......................................................... 21 Table A- 1. Traps identified in the literature that may be effective at luring V. mandarinia. ............ 52 Table A- 2. Bait types identified in the literature that might be attractive to V. mandarinia ............. 54 Last update 02102020 Vespa mandarinia 5 Chapter 1. Introduction 1 On 8 December, 2019, a Blaine, Washington resident reported finding a large, dead hornet on his property (McGann, 2019). The Washington State Department of Agriculture (WSDA) identified this specimen as Vespa mandarinia, the Asian giant hornet, and the National Identification Services (NIS) confirmed the identification (AGH Response Team, 2020). The Washington detection followed the eradication of a V. mandarinia nest in Nanaimo on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada on 18 September, 2019 (Ministry of Agriculture, 2019). These were the first detections of the Asian giant hornet in North America. Beekeepers have reported other observations dating back to October through public outreach campaigns by Washington State and British Columbia. Vespa mandarinia is a quarantine pest for the United States. Plant Protection and Quarantine (PPQ) prepared these New Pest Response Guidelines (NPRG) to ensure we, at the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA-APHIS), know the response options following the recent detection of V. mandarinia in the United States. The NPRG provides basic information to the response team for use during the first year of detection. The team can consider this information when it produces a site-specific action plan to detect, survey, monitor, control, contain, suppress, or eradicate an infestation of this pest. This NPRG was developed with informational support from the WSDA. This document includes the following information: Summary of relevant pest biology and spread Guide to identification or screening for the pest in the field Preliminary method for delimiting the species distribution Summary of known potential control/management options Summary of knowledge gaps Note: This document is based on the best information available at the time of development; however, new scientific and technical information may be identified after completion. As the pest situation evolves and new information is gathered, the response, including whether the response goals are achievable, may need to be revisited. Last update 02102020 Vespa mandarinia 6 Chapter 2. Pest Overview 2 Pest Summary Vespa mandarinia Smith (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), the Asian giant hornet, is the world’s largest hornet and is a social insect native to Asia. The hornet is a pest of Apis mellifera L., the European honey bee, and causes losses to beekeepers in its native range. Vespa mandarinia is a social insect, with a large colony containing one queen and many workers. Survey methods rely on passive traps that target flying adults. Although workers outnumber queens, only queens can disperse, thus control efforts must focus on eliminating queens and nests. The hornet nests underground, and locating nests is challenging and labor intensive. Key Information Vespa mandarinia is a large hornet that is primarily a pest of honey bees. Population dispersal is restricted to the spread of queens. Eradication of this species focuses on eliminating queens. Strategies to achieve this vary depending on the time of season. Queens can be directly trapped and killed in the early spring and late fall. During the summer, nests can be located and destroyed. Nests are formed in the ground and are challenging to locate. Methods for locating nests involve labor intensive strategies. Some traps and baits
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Department of Planning and Zoning
    Department of Planning and Zoning Subject: Howard County Landscape Manual Updates: Recommended Street Tree List (Appendix B) and Recommended Plant List (Appendix C) - Effective July 1, 2010 To: DLD Review Staff Homebuilders Committee From: Kent Sheubrooks, Acting Chief Division of Land Development Date: July 1, 2010 Purpose: The purpose of this policy memorandum is to update the Recommended Plant Lists presently contained in the Landscape Manual. The plant lists were created for the first edition of the Manual in 1993 before information was available about invasive qualities of certain recommended plants contained in those lists (Norway Maple, Bradford Pear, etc.). Additionally, diseases and pests have made some other plants undesirable (Ash, Austrian Pine, etc.). The Howard County General Plan 2000 and subsequent environmental and community planning publications such as the Route 1 and Route 40 Manuals and the Green Neighborhood Design Guidelines have promoted the desirability of using native plants in landscape plantings. Therefore, this policy seeks to update the Recommended Plant Lists by identifying invasive plant species and disease or pest ridden plants for their removal and prohibition from further planting in Howard County and to add other available native plants which have desirable characteristics for street tree or general landscape use for inclusion on the Recommended Plant Lists. Please note that a comprehensive review of the street tree and landscape tree lists were conducted for the purpose of this update, however, only
    [Show full text]
  • Sawtooth Oak Planting Guide
    Planting Guide and into southern New England (USDA plant hardiness zones 5b through 8b). On exposed sites in SAWTOOH OAK the northern Finger Lakes Region of New York, it may winterkill. Sawtooth oak is winter hardy and Quercus acutissima can be grown in droughty and well-drained soils from Carruthers sandy loam to clay loam. However, the best performance is achieved in deep, well-drained soils. plant symbol = QUAC80 It can also be grown on reclaimed surface mined land where favorable moisture conditions are present and pH is above 5.0. For a current distribution map, please consult the Plant Profile page for this species on the PLANTS Website. Establishment Sawtooth oak may be established, from bareroot seedlings, containerized plants, or acorns. One year old bareroot seedlings or containerized plants should be planted 15-20 feet apart for maximum acorn production. In areas where multiple rows are used, the spacing should be no less than 20 feet apart. In seed orchards, there should be at least 15 plants per C. Miller USDA NRCS planting for effective wind pollination. Uses Bareroot seedlings must be planted while the plants The primary use for this species is as a wildlife food are dormant (from the average date of first frost in source and cover. It is also a good shade tree. the fall until the average date of last frost in the spring). Containerized plants may be planted later in the spring, but may require frequent irrigation to Status survive. Please consult the PLANTS Web site and your State Department of Natural Resources for this plant’s Sites for landscape plantings and seed orchards current status (e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Oaks (Quercus Spp.): a Brief History
    Publication WSFNR-20-25A April 2020 Oaks (Quercus spp.): A Brief History Dr. Kim D. Coder, Professor of Tree Biology & Health Care / University Hill Fellow University of Georgia Warnell School of Forestry & Natural Resources Quercus (oak) is the largest tree genus in temperate and sub-tropical areas of the Northern Hemisphere with an extensive distribution. (Denk et.al. 2010) Oaks are the most dominant trees of North America both in species number and biomass. (Hipp et.al. 2018) The three North America oak groups (white, red / black, and golden-cup) represent roughly 60% (~255) of the ~435 species within the Quercus genus worldwide. (Hipp et.al. 2018; McVay et.al. 2017a) Oak group development over time helped determine current species, and can suggest relationships which foster hybridization. The red / black and white oaks developed during a warm phase in global climate at high latitudes in what today is the boreal forest zone. From this northern location, both oak groups spread together southward across the continent splitting into a large eastern United States pathway, and much smaller western and far western paths. Both species groups spread into the eastern United States, then southward, and continued into Mexico and Central America as far as Columbia. (Hipp et.al. 2018) Today, Mexico is considered the world center of oak diversity. (Hipp et.al. 2018) Figure 1 shows genus, sub-genus and sections of Quercus (oak). History of Oak Species Groups Oaks developed under much different climates and environments than today. By examining how oaks developed and diversified into small, closely related groups, the native set of Georgia oak species can be better appreciated and understood in how they are related, share gene sets, or hybridize.
    [Show full text]
  • Wedge-Shaped Beetles (Suggested Common Name) Ripiphorus Spp. (Insecta: Coleoptera: Ripiphoridae)1 David Owens, Ashley N
    EENY613 Wedge-Shaped Beetles (suggested common name) Ripiphorus spp. (Insecta: Coleoptera: Ripiphoridae)1 David Owens, Ashley N. Mortensen, Jeanette Klopchin, William Kern, and Jamie D. Ellis2 Introduction Ripiphoridae are a family of unusual parasitic beetles that are thought to be related to tumbling flower beetles (Coleoptera: Mordellidae) and blister beetles (Coleoptera: Meloidae). There is disagreement over the spelling of the family (Ripiphoridae) and genus (Ripiphorus) names. Here we use the original spelling that starts with only the letter Figure 1. Adult specimens of the two genera of Ripiphoridae. A) “R”; however, an initial “Rh” has also been used in the Macrosiagon Hentz, and B) Ripiphorus Bosc. scientific community (Rhipiphoridae and Rhipiphorus). Credits: Allen M. Boatman There are an estimated 35 nearctic species of Ripiphorus, Generally, the biology of the family Ripiphoridae is poorly two of which have been collected in Florida: Ripiphorus known. Ripiphorids parasitize bees and wasps (Hymenop- schwarzi LeConte (Figure 2A) and Ripiphorus fasciatus Say tera), roaches (Blattodea), and wood-boring beetles (Co- (Figure 2B). Due to limited information for both of these leoptera). However, the specific hosts for many ripiphorid species, the information presented below is characteristic species are unknown. Furthermore, only one sex (either of the genus Ripiphorus. Information specific to Ripiphorus male or female) has been described for several species, and fasciatus and Ripiphorus schwarzi is presented where the males and females of some species look different. detailed information is available. Two genera of Ripiphoridae infest hymenopteran (bee and wasp) nests: Macrosiagon Hentz (Figure 1A) and Ripiphorus Bosc (formerly Myodites Latreille) (Figure 1B). Species of Macrosiagon are parasites of a variety of hymenopteran families including: Halictidae, Vespidae, Tiphiidae, Apidae, Pompilidae, Crabronidae, and Sphecidae.
    [Show full text]
  • “Murder” Hornets: Should You Panic? Probably Not
    Issue: “Murder” Hornets: Should you panic? Probably not. Here’s why. By: Elizabeth Barnes, [email protected], By: Cliff Sadof, [email protected] & By: Brock Harpur, [email protected] ズメバチ. Are they going to hurt me or my family? To date, only a single colony has been discovered in Washington state. It remains unclear how successful members of that colony were at overwintering and if they established new colonies this spring. Therefore, you’re very unlikely to encounter an Asian giant hornet. However, should you find a colony, don’t approach them as their stings can be serious and can even lead to death. Beekeepers are the most likely to encounter Asian giant hornets and should keep aware of the states in which this hornet has been Asian giant hornets have bright yellow heads and a distinctive found. In general, you should use the same caution that you do large body size. Image taken by LiCheng Shih of flickr.com. with any stinging insect. They are not generally aggressive but Headlines all over the country have been sounding the alarm will defend their nests or the beehive they are attacking. They about “murder” hornets. Should you be worried? Yes and no. The generally nest in wooded areas in abandoned borrows in the presence of these hornets in the United States is bad news for ground. bees and beekeepers alike but there’s no need to panic yet. How do they impact bees? Where did they come from and where are they right now? Unlike Asian honeybees (Apis cerana), the European honeybees The Asian giant hornet originally came from tropical and (Apis mellifera) we keep in the United States don’t have any temperate Asia.
    [Show full text]
  • A Taxonomic Review of the Genus Vespula Thomson (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Vespinae) from the Indian Subcontinent
    ISSN 0973-1555(Print) ISSN 2348-7372(Online) HALTERES, Volume 9, 86-110, 2018 © P. GIRISH KUMAR AND JAMES M. CARPENTER doi: 10.5281/zenodo.1258043 A taxonomic review of the genus Vespula Thomson (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Vespinae) from the Indian subcontinent *P. Girish Kumar1 and James M. Carpenter2 1Western Ghats Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Kozhikode, Kerala–673006, India. 2Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10024, USA. (Email: [email protected]) Abstract The genus Vespula Thomson, 1869, is reviewed from the Indian subcontinent. New synonymy is Vespa orbata var. aurulenta du Buysson, 1905, = Vespula structor (Smith, 1870). The following species are newly recorded from various states of India as follows: V. nursei Archer, 1981, from Delhi, Sikkim and Uttarakhand; V. orbata (du Buysson, 1902) from Nagaland; V. flaviceps (Smith, 1870) from West Bengal; V. germanica (Fabricius, 1793) from Himachal Pradesh; V. structor (Smith, 1870) from Arunachal Pradesh; V. vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758) from Himachal Pradesh. Parasitic association of Strepsiptera is observed in one worker specimen of V. flaviceps. A modified key to species of the Indian subcontinent is provided. Keywords: Vespula, review, Indian subcontinent, new record, ethology. Received: 19 December 2017; Revised: 31 May 2018; Online: 1 June 2018. Introduction Thomson (1869) erected Vespula as a India. Most of the specimens were properly subgenus of Vespa based on eight species; the preserved and added to the ‗National type species Vespa austriaca Panzer, 1799, Zoological Collections‘ of the Hymenoptera was subsequently designated by Ashmead Section of the Zoological Survey of India, (1902).
    [Show full text]
  • Insect and Disease Observations — May 2020
    Vermont Forest Health Insect and Disease Observations — May 2020 Department of Forests, Parks & Recreation May 2020 vtforest.com Weather Recap This month’s weather started off cold and wet, with snowfall occurring in most parts of the state through mid-May. Compared to last year, this month was warmer and dryer than May of 2019. Statewide tem- peratures averaged 52.9°F, which was 2 degrees warmer than May of last year. Statewide, precipitation averaged 2.93 inches, which is 2.73 inches less than May of last year. Minimum relative humidity (RH) values for the Northeast Kingdom were below normal. On May 23rd and 24th, the low RH at the Nulhegan remote automatic weather station was 12%, and Temperature and precipitation departure from the low RH in Montgomery and Walden normal. Maps and data: Northeast Regional Cli- was 8%. This, combined with no precipi- mate Center. tation since May 16th, caused extremely dry fuel conditions and resulted in several fires. Soil moisture drought indices are approach- ing mid-summer values and large dead fuels are at the seasonal minimum. This spring has delayed green- up in most parts of the state, with many species breaking buds later in the month. Photo credit: FPR Staff. Sugar maple phenology at our long-term monitoring site in Underhill had observed bud break on May 11th, with full leaf-out following two weeks later on May 26th. Each date is 8 days later than the long-term average. Some parts of the state experienced frost on May 11th and 12th, which damaged understory sugar maple.
    [Show full text]
  • Flower-Visiting by the Invasive Hornet Vespa Velutina Nigrithorax (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)
    International Journal of Chemical, Environmental & Biological Sciences (IJCEBS) Volume 3, Issue 6 (2015) ISSN 2320–4087 (Online) Flower-Visiting by the Invasive Hornet Vespa Velutina Nigrithorax (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) Takatoshi Ueno1 subspecies on the basis of the external morphology, i.e., color Abstract—The Asian hornet or yellow-legged hornet Vespa and marking patterns [8]; the subspecies nigrithorax is natively velutina nigrithorax has recently been recorded as an invasive insect distributed in southern China and northern India. However, in evoking environmental, apicultural and medical problems. Many 2000’s, this subspecies was unintentionally introduced into aspects of the ecology, behavior and life history remain unknown, Europe and Korea, where it has been increasing the populations however. The present study focuses on flower-visiting by the hornet in and expanding the range [9—11]. More recently, V. velutina the field. The foraging behavior of V. velutina nigrithorax on and nigrithorax has been found established in Tsushima Island of around blooming plants was observed in Tsushima Island, Japan and Busan City, South Korea. The field observations confirmed that the Japan in 2013 [12, 13]. Further, a nest of this hornet was hornet fed on floral nectar of 27 plant species scattering among 15 discovered in Kitakyushu City, mainland Japan in 2015 [14]. families. Pollen feeding was not observed. In addition, it was Thus, the hornet has been extending its range in East Asia. frequently found that V. velutina nigrithorax flew and hovered around Vespa velutina nigrithorax is recognized as an invasive a patch of flowers to predate hymenopteran bees and dipteran flies. species [10, 11].
    [Show full text]
  • Kamila Soares Lopes
    KAMILA SOARES LOPES ESTUDO DO POTENCIAL ANTIEPILÉPTICO DE PEPTÍDEOS ISOLADOS DA PEÇONHA DA VESPA SOCIAL Chartergellus communis (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). BRASÍLIA, 2018 11 UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASÍLIA FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS DA SAÚDE PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS DA SAÚDE KAMILA SOARES LOPES ESTUDO DO POTENCIAL ANTIEPILÉPTICO DE PEPTÍDEOS ISOLADOS DA PEÇONHA DA VESPA SOCIAL Chartergellus communis (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Tese apresentada como requisito para a obtenção do Título de Doutora em Ciências da Saúde pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde da Universidade de Brasília. Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Márcia Renata Mortari BRASÍLIA 2018 KAMILA SOARES LOPES ESTUDO DO POTENCIAL ANTIEPILÉPTICO DE PEPTÍDEOS ISOLADOS DA PEÇONHA DA VESPA SOCIAL Chartergellus communis (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Tese apresentada como requisito para a obtenção do Título de Doutora em Ciências da Saúde pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde da Universidade de Brasília. Aprovada em _03_/_07_/_2018_ BANCA EXAMINADORA Profa. Dra. Márcia Renata Mortari (Presidente) Universidade de Brasília Profa. Dra. Djane Braz Duarte Universidade de Brasília _____________________________ Prof. Dr. Octávio Luiz Franco Universidade Católica de Brasília Prof. Dr. Célio José de Castro Júnior Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa da Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte ____________________________________ Profa. Dra. Victória Monge-Fuentes Universidade de Brasília (suplente) Dedico este trabalho... À Deus, fonte da minha determinação. À minha família, os acolhedores dos meus sonhos. AGRADECIMENTOS Sou enormemente grata a Deus, por ter me dado forças nos momentos de maior precisão, guiado meus passos pelos melhores caminhos e abençoado as minhas escolhas. Amém! Serei eternamente grata à excelente educação que meus pais puderam me proporcionar. Duas pessoas que nunca mediram esforços para garantir a mim, e aos meus irmãos, tudo o que nós precisávamos para sermos pessoas bem instruídas, honestas e íntegras.
    [Show full text]
  • Yellowjackets and Hornets, Vespula and Dolichovespula Spp. (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae)1 E
    EENY-081 Yellowjackets and Hornets, Vespula and Dolichovespula spp. (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae)1 E. E. Grissell and Thomas R. Fasulo2 Introduction Distribution Only two of the 18 Nearctic species of Vespula are known Vespula maculifrons is found in eastern North America, from Florida (Miller 1961). These are the two yellowjackets: while Vespula squamosa is found in the eastern United eastern yellowjacket, V. maculifrons (Buysson) and the States and parts of Mexico and Central America. The southern yellowjacket, V. squamosa (Drury). One species baldfaced hornet, Dolichovespula maculata, is found of Dolichovespula is also present: the baldfaced hornet, throughout most of the Nearctic region. D. maculata (Linnaeus). The baldfaced hornet is actually a yellowjacket. It receives its common name of baldfaced Identification from its largely black color but mostly white face, and that The three species of Florida yellowjackets are readily of hornet because of its large size and aerial nest. In general, separated by differences in body color and pattern. Identi- the term “hornet” is used for species which nest above fication is possible without a hand lens or microscope, and, ground and the term “yellowjacket” for those which make for this reason, a simple pictorial key is all that is necessary. subterranean nests. All species are social, living in colonies Color patterns are relatively stable, and their use is further of hundreds to thousands of individuals. strengthened by morphological characters (Miller 1961). Queens and workers may be separated by abdominal pat- terns; males have seven abdominal segments while females have only six. Biology Colonies are founded in the spring by a single queen that mated the previous fall and overwintered as an adult, usually under the bark of a log.
    [Show full text]
  • Interspecific Variation in Competitor Avoidance and Foraging Success in Sap-Attracted Insects
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/270496969 Interspecific variation in competitor avoidance and foraging success in sap- attracted insects Article in European Journal of Entomology · November 2009 DOI: 10.14411/eje.2009.066 CITATIONS READS 0 10 1 author: Jiichiro Yoshimoto University of the Valley of Guatemala 12 PUBLICATIONS 58 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Climate change effects on the biodiversity of the seasonally dry tropical forests of Motagua Valley in Guatemala View project All content following this page was uploaded by Jiichiro Yoshimoto on 28 January 2019. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Eur. J. Entomol. 106: 529–533, 2009 http://www.eje.cz/scripts/viewabstract.php?abstract=1484 ISSN 1210-5759 (print), 1802-8829 (online) Interspecific variation in competitor avoidance and foraging success in sap-attracted insects JIICHIRO YOSHIMOTO* Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan Key words. Aggressive interactions, community, foraging strategy, interference competition, resources, tree sap Abstract. Many insect species attracted to fermenting sap often fight for access to this resource, which results in the establishment of interspecific dominance hierarchies. In one such system, the hornet Vespa mandarinia (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) behaviourally dominates during the daytime and several subordinate species avoid aggressive interactions in various ways. In order to elucidate the interspecific variation in competitor-avoidance behaviour and its subsequent effect on foraging success, the behaviour of species of hornets, beetles and butterflies at patches (exudation spots) in Japan was recorded.
    [Show full text]
  • Sphecos: a Forum for Aculeate Wasp Researchers
    SPHECOS Number 12 - June 1986 , A Forum for Aculeate Wasp Researchers Arnold S. Menke, Editor , Terry Nuhn, E(lj_torial assistant Systematic Entcnology Laboratory Agricultural Research Service, USDA c/o U. s. National Museum of Natural History \olashington OC 20560 (202) 382 1803 Editor's Ramblings Rolling right along, here is issue 12! Two issues of that wonderful rag called Sphecos for the price of one! This number contains a lot of material on collections, collecting techniques, and collecting reports. Recent literature, including another vespine suppliment by Robin Edwards, rounds off this issue. Again I owe a debt of thanks to Terry Nuhn for typing nearly all of this. Rebecca Friedman and Ludmila Kassianoff helped with some French and Russian translations, respectively. Research News John Wenzel (Snow Entomological Museum, Univ. of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045) writes: "I am broadly interested in problems of chemical communication, mating behavior, sex ratio, population genetics and social behavior. I am currently working on a review of vespid nest architecture and hope that I can contribute something toward resolution of the relationships of the various genera of the tribe Polybiini. After visiting the MCZ, AMNH and the USNM I conclude that there are rather few specimens of nests in the major museums and I am very interested in hearing from anyone who has photos or reliable notes on nests that are anomolous in form, placement, or otherwise depart from expectations. I am especially interested in seeing some nests or fragments of the brood region of any Polybioides or Parapolybia. Tarlton Rayment Again RAYMENT'S DRAWINGS - ACT 3 by Roger A.
    [Show full text]