23414 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 6, 1979 for the College of Micronesia, which was re­ new paragraph and renumber succeeding any such facility, the standards relating to ferred to the Committee on Appropriations. paragraphs accordingly: location established under subparagraph "(3) Notwithstanding any other provision (1) (A) of this subsection shall require such of this section, the Secretary shall determine location to be in a remote area in order to AMENDMENTS whether the siting and construction of any minimize the dangers to persons and prop­ LNG facility are in compliance with stand­ erty from discharge, explosion, or other mal­ Under clause 6 of rule XXIII, pro­ ards prescribed under paragraph (1) of this function. If the Secretary determines that posed amendments were submitted as subsection if such facility is one for which follows: initial construction was completed at least the facility is not in compliance with such H .R. 51 four years prior to the date of enactment standards, no application for the operation By Mr. MURPHY of New York : of tb:is Act but which has not been placed of such facil'ity shall be approved by the -Page 66, after line 8, insert the following in operation by such date. With respect to Department of Energy."

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS A REPORTER'S VISIT TO VIETNAM the aid issue in meetings last fall. Washing­ "sanctuaries" needed to sustain their guer­ ton's subsequent decision to slow normaliza­ rilla operations against the Heng Samrin tion, Mr. Holbrooke added, was solely in re­ government. Vietnam does not consider the HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL sponse to questions involving Cambodia, the action of the Thai Government to be "wise." OF NEW YORK refugee exodus and a Soviet-Vietnamese Vietnam's economy has suffered severe set­ economic accord, and had nothing to do with backs because of the border wars with China IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Washington decision to recognize Peking, as and the flghting with the Pol Pot forces in Wednesday, September 5, 1979 Mr. Thach charged.) Cambodia, and the Government needs to im­ Once the Vietnamese demand for an Amer­ port three million tons of food this year, a e Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, dur­ ican aid commitment was dropped, Mr. figure it does not expect to achieve. ing the recent congressional recess the Thach said, "everything was agreed upon, As for renewed warfare with China, Viet­ New York Times ran a series of articles except for the writing down." He and the nam is "prepared for the worst" and the on present-day Vietnam by the noted American side had settled such matters as Chinese "must think it over before they investigative reporter Seymour Hersh. the size of the diplomatic missions in Wash­ launch another invasion." ington and Hanoi and had even begun dis­ CARTER POLICIES CRITICIZED Having visited Vietnam last month, I cussions over who would be assigned as applaud the tone of these articles and heads of mission, he said. The extended interviews with Mr. Thach request unanimous consent to insert The Vietnamese official said, however, that took place in a simply furnished living room them in the RECORD. he left New York after waiting in vain for a in the Government's guest house in the cen­ Mr. Hersh, who spent 10 days in Viet­ final meeting to conclude and sign the agree­ ter of Hanoi. Throughout the interview Mr. ment. Thach, dressed casually, as everyone is in hot nam speaking with top government of­ and humid Hanoi in midsummer, repeatedly ficials, United Nations and other relief "THE CHINA CARD PREVAILED" criticized the foreign policies of the Carter officials, and Vietnamese citizens he had Instead, he said, the United States ex­ Administration, but he distinguished be­ known as a war correspondent, depicts tended diplomatic recognition to China and tween what he called the Government and a Vietnam in severe economic need, and later accused Vietnam of making normaliza­ t he American people. a political leadership angered by the U.S. tion impossible because of its position on the "It is very bitter for the Government to outflow of refugees, its pending military in­ swallow the defeat" in the Vietnam War, he commitment to the "China card" of in­ volvement in Cambodia and its signing of said, "but for the American people it is an­ ternational politics-which apparently a long-term economic aid agreement with other thing. They are proud of their support precluded normalization of relations be­ the Soviet Union. of Vietnam during an unjust war." tween our two countries last fall. He also "I think they would like to arrange normal­ He accused China and the United States reports that over 2 million Cambodians ization with China and normalization with of conspiring to manipulate the refugee issue are threatened in the immediate future Vietnam," Mr. Thach said, "and the Ohina for international political reasons. "They with massive starvation. card prevailed above the normalization of would like, through the bias of the refugees, Vietnam. This is my assessment." to solve the question of Cambodia," he as­ While our visit was not as long as that Mr. Thach has emerged in the last six serted. "That is the biggest reason behind of Mr. Hersh, my observation is that the months as one o'f his nation's leading spokes­ the noise about refugees." Hersh articles and vignettes portray the men to the outside world, and Western and "Who is criticizing Vietnam?" Mr. Thach country well-its politics, its economy, nonaligned diplomats here believe that he asked. "First it is China and secondly the its security concerns, and the flavor of exerts great influence on Vietnam's foreign U.S.A. They are the most critical. The other the daily life. I commend the articles to policies. Handsome and self-assured, the nations are honestly very emotional about 56-year-old official made himself available the refugees, but it is a realistic emotion. my colleagues. for more than six hours of interviewing over But, you see, the United States and China As a member of Members of Congress two days in what seemed to be a major at­ have encouraged these emotion~." for Peace through Law, I think the series tempt to explain his country's policies The non-Communist countries in South­ will be of special interest to MCPL mem­ directly to the American people. Mr. Thach east Asia-principally Thailand, Singapore, bers. speaks excellent English. Indonesia and Malaysia---"have a right to [From the New York Times, Aug. 7, 1979) Among the other key points stressed by the be sensitive" a.bout the refugee issue, Mr. Secretary of State during the interview were Thach said. "It is a very great burden for HANOI SAYS U.S. DIDN'T FOLLOW THROUGH these: them," he acknowledged. "But you see, no­ AFTER REACHING ACCORD ON TIES Vietnam "has stopped and will continue body is excited about the fate of the four (By Seymour M. Hersh) to stop" the unauthorized flow of refugees million Cambodian people who are starving HANOI, VIETNAM, August 3.-Vietnam's from its shores. and the three million Cambodians who were Acting Foreign Minister said in an interview Hanoi "categorically" rejects any assertion killed by Pol Pot with the help of China." this week that his Government and the that the central Government has profited, "DOUBLE STANDARD" ON REFUGEES directly or indirectly, from the illegal exodus United States reached full agreement on The Vietnamese minister repeatedly com­ normalizing their relations during secret of refugees, many of whom paid enormous amounts to be allowed to flee. plained during the interviews about what talks in New York last fall, but that the Car­ he termed the double standard applied by ter Administration did not follow through Vietnam is opposed to any international the United States against his Government. on the agreement. conference on the neutrality of Cambodia "We have stopped the exit of refugees since Nguyen Co Thach, who holds the title of because the new Cambodian government 1975," he said, "but we were criticized be­ Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, said headed by Heng Samrin "has its own destiny cause we hg.d not given the people freedom that the breakthrough in the negotiations in its hand." No role for Prince Norodom to go away. Then we decided to let them go came last Sept. 28 when Vietnam dropped Sihanouk, the former Cambodian head of freely and we are criticized by the West for its demand that the United States agree to state, is possible. exporting refugees. a major aid commitment before normaliza­ Cambodia is now facing a desperate famine "And now we have agreed to channel them tion. that threatens the life of its four million through legal ext ts in part through the [In Washington, Richard C. Holbrooke, an people. United Nations High Commissioner on Ref­ Assistant Secretary of State who led the Thailand has been permitting troops of ugees and to stop all illegal exits. But now American team, confirmed subsequently that the former regime headed by Pol Pot to oper­ the Seventh Fleet is coming in and encour­ the United States and Vietnam had settled ate within its borders and to maintain the aging the people to go illegally."

• This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor. September 6, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 23415 Repeatedly turning to the refugee issue, views here and in Ho Chi Minh City this while working in the fields in the last four he said there were two broad categories of week that 2.25 million Cambodians were fac­ years. people fleeing the country. The first group, ing starvation. OFFICIALS BESIEGED ON ARRIVAL he said, consists of "the 1.5 million people The officials, who agreed to discuss their The relief officials told of having been be­ who cooperated with the U.S. Army." He recent fact-finding trip to Oambodia after sieged by Cambodians on their arrival in went on: "There was no bloodbath. We have being promised anonymity, aJlso described the Phnom Penh* * * Wil;h many of them asking shown our humanity to them, our clem­ widescale starvation, shocking as it was, as the visitors to mail letters to family members ency. But they could not stay. Why? Because only one element of what seemed to be the and friends abroad. they have guilty consciences and, secondly, near destruction of Cambodian society under In one such letter, dated June 20, and they were used to the easy life under Amer­ the regime of the ousted Prime Minister Pol written to a doctor in Australia, a Cambodian ican aid. They cannot work hard, so they Pot. nurse, after explaining that only 6 of the 14 would like to go with the Seventh Fleet and "I have seen quite a few ravaged countries persons in her family had survived, pleaded: soon." in my career, but nothing like this," one offi­ "Please, doctor, would be sure taking my After the Communist victory in the spring cial said. He added that as much as $100 mil­ family to work in your country?" of 1975, many inhabitants of the former lion in food and medical aiid was urgently The woman added: "Sorry of my poor Eng­ South Vietnam were sent to so-called re­ needed. lish, because I never read for four years ago. education camps, where an attempt was PLIGHT HELD WORSE THAN REFUGEES ' My life always upset, no ideas, darkness in made· to instill Communist principles. The mind." austere life represented a sharp change for The officials, representing the Interna­ tional Committee of the Red Cross in Geneva The officials said they had read many of many. the public accounts of the isolation of Phnom "The second group of refugees," Mr. Thach and the United Nations Children's Fund in New York, expressed dismay that the concern Penh under the former regime, but they still said, "are the Chinese. There are two rea­ had been unprepared for the extreme de­ sons they left. First, you should know that of many Western nations over the plight of the Vietnam refugees had overshadowed struction they saw during their visit there. I have been in New York and I have talked "It cannot be understood," one experienced with the Japanese. They told me that after what they saiid would be a far greater tragedy in Cambodia. official said. "It's a dead city. I saw only one Pearl Harbor the Japanese were all concen­ pipe with running water." trated into camps and all their property con­ Relief efforts in Cambodia have been fiscated. slowed in part because of suspicion over the EVERY HOUSE HAS BEEN DESTROYED "Here the Chinese are free. You can see authenticity of the new Cambodian Govern­ "Honestly, we could not believe it," he went them in the streets. But they have the diffi­ ment headed by Heng Samrin, which was in­ on. "Every house has been destroyed and culty of being caught in a crossfire. If they stalled by Vietnam after the invas!ion of there are piles of garbage and furniture on support the Vietnamese against the Chinese, Cambodia eM"ly this year. the sidewalks." the Chinese are suspicious. If they support The reUef officials also said that during Under the Pol Pot administration, the of­ the Chinese against the Vietnamese, the their visit to Cambodia they had seen evi­ ficials said, foreign journalists and other visi­ same. If they are neutral, they are doubted dence of systematic torture in chambers tors were permitted to walk down one main by both sides. So it's very difficult for them operated by the Pol Pot Government at a thoroughfare that had been cleared of debris. to stay. Secondly, they are mostly big busi­ prison near Phnom Penh, the capital. Mem­ Seen from the street, buildings seemed to be nessmen and they don't like the socialist bers of the Pol Pot regime, they said, care­ empty but in relatively good condition. reformation of South Vietnam. They would fully logged the names and titles of their In fact, the relief officials said, every home like to go away." victims and the types of torture each suf­ had been ransacked. "It was not looting," Regarding the question of forced pay­ fered. The officials said they knew of one one official declared, "because the soldiers ments from the refugees, Mr. Thach again large burial site where the remains of per­ did not take anything for themselves." But, complained of a double standard. "Some haps hundreds of the torture victims had he said, all signs of modern civilization­ people say that we have taken money from been found after the Vietnamese invas!ion. typewriters, radios, television sets, phono­ these refugees, and at the same time they The relief experts said that the former re­ graphs, books-were destroyed. In the shut­ say that they are forced to go," he said. "So gime had not only forced citizens to evacuate tered hospitals of the capital, all the medical it is contradictory: If they are forced to go, Phnom Penh, and other cities to work in the equipment, textbooks and reference journals why must they pay money? If they must fields, as had been earlier reported, but also were found, broken and scattered, on the pay money to go, so they are not forced to had destroyed all vestiges of intellectual life floor. go." and whatever they could find of 20th-century A Roman Catholic cathedral in the center The minister, emphatically denying alle­ civUization in the country. of Phnom Penh had been razed, with not a sign of its existence remaining, the officials gations that the central Government col­ The Pol Pot Government took over lected . refugee funds, said: "There is no oam­ said. Similarly, the city's central market had bodia on April 17, 1975, after the defeat of been destroyed. such policy. I can reject it categorically." the United States-backed Government of EMIGRES RESTRICTED ON VALUABLES All the automobiles in the city, the officials Marshal Lon Nol. Mr. Pol Pot believed that said, were driven by soldiers to an empty field Mr. Thach said that Government policy the salvation of Cambodia was possible only and abandoned, left to rust as further sym­ called for punishment of those who took through the expulsion of all foreigners and bols of modern decadence. bribes but that illegal departures had an ob­ foreign influence and through "purification," vious advantage, because those who left or evacuation, of the oi.ties in an attempt to OUTBREAKS OF PLAGUE REPORTED could carry all their valuables with them, in reconstruct Cambodia's war-damaged a.grl­ The increase in rats and other vermin has contrast to the sharp restrictions on the cultura'l system. caused outbreaks of plague and other dis­ valuables that those emigrating legally were SOME FOOD SUPPLIED BY VIETNAM eases, the relief officials said. The treatment permitted to take. of the sick is complicated, they said, by a Since the fall of his Government and its lack of medical equipment, since the former Discussing Vienam's economy, Mr. Thach replacement by the Vietnamese-backed re­ acknowledged that most of the agricultural Government was scrupulously methodical in gime of Mr. Heng Samrin early this year, its destruction of hospitals. and industrial goals had not been met be­ Vietnam, itself faced with a deficit in food, cause of the wars with China and the fight­ has diverted some of tits supplies to Cam­ For example, in a hospital at Kompong ing in Cambodia. "But this is not the most bodia.. Speu, about 30 miles west of Phnom Penh, difficult time for Vietnam," he said. "The the relief team found 30 patients who had most difficult time for Vietnam is over. And Cambodia's social welfare apparatus has developed hepatitis in recent weeks because if during the American war we can stand been left in shambles, the relief officials said, of a lack of sterilizers for surgical instru­ and we can produce, why can't we now pro­ citing demolltion of hospitals, schools, water ments. The hospital had 500 patients when duce and stand?" supply facllities and sanitary systems. The the group visited it last month, with one The failure to meet industrial and agri­ destruction of s'uch fa.cm ties has been on a Vietnamese doctor who shuttled between it cultural quotas has been far more damaging scale far wider than prevlouSJly believed, they asserted. and other fac111ties. to the former South Vietnam and especially The relief officials reported that there were to Ho Chi Minh City, formerly Saigon, than Intellectuals were systematically purged, believed to be 10,000 orphans in Cambodia, to the north, Mr. Thach said. He acknowl­ the officials said. Survivors reported that all none of whom had been provided with the edged that many people were out of work in people who were known to speak foreign most basic immunizations. languages were hunted down, imprisoned Ho Chi Minh City and still slept and begged NEW EQUIPMENT 'URGENTLY NEEDED on the streets. and, in some cases, beaten to death with "They are having trouble, yes," he said, sticks. One doctor told the relief officials he Some medical supplies were provided ear­ "but it ls because they don't want to work had decided to hide his eyeglasses during the lier this year by Vietnam, the officials said, hard. They would like to have an easy life.'' four yea.rs of Mr. Pol Pot's rule for fear of and an emergency shipment of $10,000 worth being revealed as an intellectual, and of drugs and syringes was sent in this week. (From the New York Times, Aug. 8, 1979·] punished. stm urgently needed, they said, are new Of more than 500 doctors known to have surgical and medical supplies, such as X-ray 2.25 MILLION CAMBODIANS ARE SAID To FACE machines and sterilizers, for the ransacked STARVATION been p.ractlcing medioine in Cambodia before the defeat of the Lon Nol regime by the Com­ hospitals, most of which were in towns and (By Seymour M. Hersh) munist forces in 1975, the relief officials said, therefore were shut down. HANOI, VIETNAM, August 3.-United Na­ only 40 have been found. The rest are pre­ Complicating the medical supply efforts is tions and Red Cross officials said in inter- sumed to have been slain or to· have died the food crisis, the relief officials said. They 23416 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 6, 1979 were permitted to visit some outlying towns. PROBLEMS ARE SEVERE So I must tell you that if there a.re no human One of them, Kompong Speu, had been com­ The drain, however, is only one cf Viet­ right.<>, Vietnam could not sta.nd. these 30 pletely destroyed, they said. Everywhere they nam's current difficulties. Other critical prob­ yea.rs through these unthinkable difficulties, sa.w hundreds of children with the blank lems include the following: these unthinkable tests, if we do not have looks and distended bellies of the starving. The economy is stagnant, with little manu­ the support of the people." The officials said that the fragile govern­ facturing and little foreign-trade revenue. "There is no gap in Vietnam between the ment of Mr. Heng Samrln had set the daily Inflation, difficult for an outsider to as­ life of the people and the life of the officials," intake of rice per person at 130 grams, rough­ sess, has created 100 percent price increases Mr. Thach added. "I share in the poverty of ly 4.5 ounces. That ls less than one-third the over the last 18 months for some basic con­ my people. That's the way we can overcome average quota for other Southeast Asian na­ sumer goods. au the difficulties--even 50 million tons of tions, they said. Millions of tons of food have had to be bombs on our heads." The officials said that Cambodia's fall har­ imported to meet minimum food needs with The Vietnamese certitude and self-as­ vest was expected to yield almost nothing, much of that now being diverted to aid suredness is a source of oonstant annoyance since many of the rice fields had been devas­ famine-stricken Cambodia. to western diplomats, who repeatedly used tated in guerrilla warfare between Vietnam­ Most Western nations, shocked by the t"e­ the term "arrogant" to describe some Govern­ ese troops backing the Heng Samrin regime cent flood of "boat people," have cut off aid ment views. and the surviving Pol Pot forces. In addition, programs in retaliation. For example, Australia., New Zealand, the growing famine has forced many peas­ War with China and the ousted Pol Pot Britain and the European Common Market ant.<> to eat rice seedlings to stay alive, the Government in Cambodia have thrown all of recently cut back food aid and other pro­ officials said. grams in an attempt to influence Vietnam's Vietnam's planning programs and quotas refugees policies. EASTERN AREA CALLED A 'DESERT' into disarray. EMPTY l!ARRELS ARE VERY NOISY Yet another factor in the famine, the of­ The one million residents of Hanoi, having ficials said, is the apparent absence of any gone through 30 years of war, still suffer from Mr. Thach, however, when asked abourt significant population in the fertile rice­ antiquated transportation facilities. The only those outbacks, attributed them to those na­ growing areas east of the Mekong River, the automobiles in use are those owned by the tions' support for China. "Their aid is very area. between Phnom Penh a.nd the Vietnam­ Government and by diplomats. small, so it's not too bad," he said. ese border. "My first impress.ton after pass­ Housing is still dilapidated and shockingly "You see," he added with a la.ugh, empty ing the border ls that at present no more inadequate. One diplomat said he counted barrels a.re al ways very noisy." than 5 percent of the fields are cultivated," 80 residents living in the house next to his If Vietnam's attitude toward the West one relief official explained. "The eastern half embassy. · sometimes seems high-handed, a correspond­ of the country is a desert-no boats, no one IMPACT OF EXODUS ent encountered a touch of the same imperi­ on the roads," he said. Vietnamese officials have found it impos­ ousness toward the Soviet Union and it.<> huge The people who had lived in that area, the sible to calculate fully .the extent of the aid programs. While gra.teful for the Soviet official said, were viewed with special sus­ nation's loss stemming from the exodus of aid, Vietnamese officials made it pointedly picion by troops of the Pol Pot regime be­ ethnic Chinese in the last year. The Chinese clear that the aid would never turn Vietnam cause of it.<> proximity to Vietnam, and thus population, which once totaled 1.2 million, into a Soviet satellite, as some American they were forced to move out. traditionally has been concentrated in gov­ analysts seem to fear. A senior American official who deals with One relief official recalled his sharing some ernment offices, hospitals, schools and re­ search institutes, Vietnamese officials said. Southeast Asian affairs, interviewed in Wash­ canned litchi nuts with a group of Cam­ ington, expressed the view that the- Soviet bodian officials last month in the Govern­ They noted that 3,000 of the 13,000 Chinese living in Hanoi at the beginning of last year Union for political reasons stemming from a ment's guest house in Phnom Penh. He was reluctance to anger the United States, had astonished when the Oambodians told him worked in central Government offices. Many not sought bases or received bases in Viet­ it was the first fruit they had tasted in two of those have left, causing serious setbacks nam. "They're laying low until after the yea.rs. in the day-to-day operations of the SALT treaty passes," he said. COUNTRY KNOWN AS "LAND OF FRUIT" bureaucracy. Mr. Thach and other Vietnamese ofilcials "You have to understand," the official ex­ One senior Vietnamese official acknowl­ sa.id, however, that they would not let the plained, "Cambodia has always been known edged .that because of the outflow of Chinese Soviet Union or any other country maintain as the land of the fruit." medical doctors, "Now you can find parts of a. base on their soil. Vietnam where there are none." He added: The first-hand evidence of torture was The Vietnamese officials also said that the "We don't like to let the skilled people go Soviet Union had not interfered or applied found a.t a former French high school in away." Phnom Penh that had been converted to a. pressure to induce Vietnam not to seek nor­ political prison, the officials said. They re­ The loss has been felt not only in the malization with the United States. If such called having seen a prison file on a Cam­ upper reaches of Government and in medical pressure was brought, they said, it would be bodian doctor who was tortured to death clinics. More than 15 percent of Vietnam's dismissed out of hand. there. "The file indicated that he was tor­ coal miners were Chinese, and mining opera­ A nonaligned ambassador in Hanoi sa.ld tured a.t least 20 times," one official said with tions were said to have been hampered by the that the leadership of Vietnam had been an expression of horror, "and there were 5,000 exodus of key workers. impressed by the many social programs un­ files in the prison." Given all .these problems, Hanoi's leaders dertaken by the United States during the "You just cannot find anybody alive in remain firmly entrenched in power and seem years of America's support for the South Cambodia who has not lost somebody in serene and optimistic about the future. Vietnamese Government, and was anticipat­ his family," the official added. THE PEOPLE SEEM HAPPY ing large-scale aid to provide some needed de­ velopment programs in the North. He told of one couple who were overheard During a weeklong visit to Hanoi, a cor­ Eve.n more important, the ambassa.dor said speaking to ea.ch other in French shortly af­ respondent could only describe the attitude choosing his words carefully, ls "that with ter the Pol Pot Government came to power. of the people as happy. There were far more the United Staites, they don't have to cringe "They were accused of being intellectuals and individual styles of dress, and boy-and-girl to accept aid; with the Soviets, they do." arrested," the official said. "She was kllled the relationships were much more in evidence Surprisingly, the long years of war have next morning by sticks, but he escaped." than during a visit .to Hanoi in 1972, at the left Hanoi free of signs of damage, but even a. height of the Vietnam War. casual traveler can see the cost in terms of [From the New York Times, Aug. 9, 1979] Western values, manifested by blue jeans, social progress. The roads are few, narrow T-shirts and rock music, have begun to take and hopelessly jammed. Hanoi is still a city of EXODUS OF SKILLED ETHNIC CHINESE WORSENS hold, albeit tenuously. One young Vietnam­ HANOI'S PLIGHT bicycles and freshly slaughtered pigs being ese interpreter, a dedicaited Communist as­ slowly brought to market could be seen on (By Semour M. Hersh) signed to .the Foreign Office, conceded that the backs of the cycles.• WASHINGTON, August 8.-A crew of skilled he had a hankering for Rod Stewart Soviet longshoremen a.re now hard at work recordings. in Vietnam's busy harbor a.t Haiphong, un­ In many interviews, Western and nona­ MARY JANE JOHNSON TRIBUTE r~veling a. huge tie-up caused by a lack of ligned diploma.ts in Hanoi confirmed that, skilled workers. despite the continuing hardships, individual There are precious few factories in under­ loyalty to the Government was the corner­ HON. RONALD V. DELLUMS stone of Vietnam's viab111ty. industrialized Vietnam, but some of them had OF CALIFORNIA Asked about the Government's seemingly to be closed down recently because of a lack IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of skilled workers. strong support at home, Nguyen Co Thach, Vietnam's Acting Foreign ¥inister, raised the Wednesday, September 5, 1979 The missing workers were ethnic Chines'!, issue of foreign criticism over the refugee and Vietnam's leaders acknowledged in inter­ exodus. • Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, for views in Hanoi last week that their nation "You see," Mr. Tha.oh said in an interview, many years people from throughout the is facing a major "brain drain" in part be­ "there are some people from the West who United States have looked to the city of cause of .the exodus of Chinese residents over say there is a lack of human rights and that Berkeley, Calif., for innovative leader­ the last year. lack is why people want to go from Vietnam. ship and ideas in the field of education. September 6, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 23417 Its programs of school desegregation, ent. You have the same opportunities as Because of past excesses, we have seen compensatory education, and special graduates before you. new government regulation, which, un­ education for minority and underachiev­ This morning, one thing we can all nod in checked, could invade personal freedom. agreement with-you: deserve a healthy pat We have made progress in correcting those ing youths have been instrumental in on the back for your achievements. Gaining excesses, but we have paid a price. With less providing the entire country with im­ a college education is one of the strongest economic independence, it is every person or portant guidelines to what is possible in vehicles you can have for entering the soci­ business for himself. Which has led to the elementary and secondary education ety. You are better equipped to enjoy our politicization of business. Many corporations programs. Berkeley is proud of its freedoms and economic system, while con­ new resemble quasi-governmental enter­ leadership role, and through its successes tributing something in return. prises. Leadership initiatives are easily and failures have come a recognition of Every commencement speaker probably re­ stymied by courtroom challenges. Indi­ its distinguished position in American minds his or her audience they are entering viduals feel they have little role to play in the most critical stage in our history. But the continuing tug-of-war between big education. like a successful play with different scenes business and big government. One citizen of Berkeley, perhaps more and turns, opening in many cities, there are The emerging distinctions which mark our than any other, has been both a symbol many stages. And the next few years will institutions are cloudy. Where do you fit in? and an instrument in Berkeley education prove as critical. Perhaps in a different way, This dilemma is sure to touch your lives. achievement. That person, Ms. Mary than any other time. Are we willing to be lead? Jane Johnson, has recently retired from You are entering a job market, or the Hedley Donovan, President Carter's Sen­ graduate school routine. At a time when ior Advisor and new Economic consultant, the board of education, after having people are questioning the strength .of our served two terms as its president, and put it succinctly, "One secret of America's institutions and the people who are supposed strength is that two strains-rebelliousness two as its vice president. to lead. and willingness to accept orders-run Mary Jane Johnson was active in edu­ A national publication recently addresses strongly through our national life." cation in Berkeley long before she served the problem quite well, in almost an agoniz­ The Imperial Presidency is gone. And has in her official capacities. She was a com­ ing fashion. We ar!" experiencing a lack of been for the past ten years. Americans munity leader who pioneered the de­ leadership. Commentators and politics com­ elect--and then devour a President. Appar­ segregation program, and who fought plain that President Carter is a nice guy, but ently, we concluded that the Presidency is for its retention and success. Through­ he just cannot lead the country. Some of not infallible and that we don't have to do the same people who rejected the decisive what the President says. We want to pro­ out her career, her performances have leadership of a Lyndon B. Johnson today tect our own interests and privileges more been marked by an extraordinary combi­ almost yearn for such a distinctive figure. than we are willing to balance national in­ nation of keen intelligence, inexhaustible But the malaise in our country goes be­ terests. We want more income, less taxes, energy, and a magnificent humility. yond the person who sits in the Oval Office, less regulation and more retirement than Those of us who have worked closely or who bangs the legislative gavel, or who ever before. with her admire her without measure; directs a corporation. Americans have ques­ This does not make us "bad people"­ tioned the need for strong leadership and but rather that we have been accustomed we plan soon to pause, as a community, the willingness to be followers. As TIME puts to lead the good life and leave the account­ and communicate to her our sincere it, "Americans in the '70s have developed ing to others. We do not want to be con­ thanks and appreciation for her many almost a psychological aversion to leading trolled or regulated-or led-or, are we? Do years of service. Because that service has and to being led, even while they complain you want strong leadership? Are you willing been a service to her State and her that no one seems in charge anymore." to accept it? I think we are. I think Ameri­ Nation, I felt it appropriate to enter This curious contradiction arises during cans, in this time of excesses and problem •these comments of commendation into the time when the 1960's impetus to expand, of energy shortages, are willing to do what­ to improve and make a better society has ever is necessary-and follow a leader-if the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD .• been substituted with the so-called "me­ they believe it is necessary. Rebelliousness decade" of the 70s where we've lowered our on our part today is not against a man or a THE 75TH ANNIVERSARY OF SOUTH­ expectations. The striving of the 60s, to go single institution. It is an attitude that the out and save the world, has been replac~d by individual should be let alone. That cannot WEST TEXAS STATE UNIVERSITY the self-improvement movements and fads be done-quickly, at least. of the 70s. We should try to take a lot of govern­ People don't seem to have time or the ment out of our individual and business HON. J. J. PICKLE desire to follow a leader, because past lead­ life, but we must accept the fact that, in OF TEXAS ers have not delivered on pledges, have not doing so, we must largely give up federal IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES addressed the real issues, or have not avoided assistance. We can't have it both ways. We, being convicted. We also worry about our the older generation, are trying to turn the Wednesday, September 5, 1979 own personal, economic concexns. Alexis de corner now. As young leaders coming onto • Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, on August Tocqueville predicted in 1835, that the the scene, how do you vote? 18, I had the honor of addressing the American Dream always ran the risk of de­ Out of our materialistic desires and our summer graduating class of Southwest generating into anxiety-ridden material­ lack of desire to be led, there is room to ism ... that Americans would be perenially turn the tide. This country still possesses Texas State University in San Marcos, unsatisfied, always wanting more, turning personal freedom and traditions to insure Tex. Over 900 students sacrificed what the land of plenty into the land of excess. great personal opportunities. Your right to could have been carefree summer vaca­ Was Mr. de Tocqueville right? Are we be­ seize the opportunity is one of our strengths. tions to complete their school work and coming that materialistic? We can and we must participate in the become graduates of the same excellent This struggle for abundance is quite un­ continuing evolution of excellence that institution as President Lyndon B. derstandable. Traditional economics and marks our country's history and can char- Johnson. personal finances don't seem to worlc any­ acterize our future. · more. As graduates, expecting to enter the The most famous graduate of this Uni­ This graduating class helped celebrate housing market, you'll be shocked. Your versity, who learned many principles of life the 75th anniversary of Southwest Texas college diploma salary will have trouble fi­ in "Old Main" was President Lyndon B. State. During that time, the school has nancing the average cost of a home, which is Johnson. President Johnson excelled in his produced many national leaders, includ­ over $70,000. The Washington Post recently personal life and made an almost unmeas­ ing President Johnson. I thought it would wrote that a house cannot be found for urable leadership contribution. He recog­ be appropriate to consider the concept of much under $100,000 in the nation's capital. nized that change is healthy, that constant leadership in my remarks, to question In Washington, real estate wheeling, deal­ improvements and reassessments constitute ing and talking takes up almost as much progress. Speaking to the 1965 commence­ why Americans seem not to want to be time as running the government-and we ment class at Howard University in Washing­ led, while sometimes craving for more are not far behind here in Texas-and else­ ton, the President said ... "Our earth is the benefits and stronger leaders. where. the home of revolution. In every corner of Mr. Speaker, I would like to submit Instead of hopes for the future, young every continent, men charged with hope these statements for the RECORD, along people are feverishly attaining goods, which contend with ancient ways in the pursuit with a resolution of congratulations from may be cheaper today than they will be to­ of justice. They reach for the newest of the leaders of San Marcos to these fu­ morrow. All the while, people run the risk weapons to realize the oldest of dreams, that of overextending themselves. Contrary to each may walk in freedom and pride, ture leaders of tomorrow. our country's early days of abundance, when stretching his talents, enjoying the fruits ADDRESS BY CONGRESSMAN J. J. PICKLE we could always keep going West and con­ of the earth." To these critics who say that America has quer virgin areas, we have settled the fron­ Despite new problems and current crisis, gone to heck in a handbasket, I say we have tiers. Our resources are finite. Americans are the words of Lyndon Johnson apply today not-at least not yet. We are becoming a fighting for their turf instead of finding as they did 14 years ago. In ten years from "softer Nation," and as such more independ- visionary leadership. now, your generation will l1ave its name, 23418 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 6, 1979 Just as the 60s was known as the activist which he learned to play baseball. He was AWACS deal and delineation of current bot­ generation and the 70s marked the "me­ a sports hero who won respect in the tlenecks, I would like answers to the follow­ generation." You have the unique chance Horatio Alger manner of hard work and ing questions: To what extent has the United to seize the opportunity, to improve the States lived up to any arms sales agreements human condition, promote freedom and personal sacrifice. made in conjunction with the NATO AWACS liberty and t.o contribute to the strength Thurman was a rugged individualist, project; Have we, in fact, been slow in our of our country. admired for the way he played the game. procurement from West Germany; What His teammates showed their respect for concerns has the West Germany government RESOLUTION !'OR SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE his abilities by recognizing him as the raised on this subject; What is the exact na­ UNIVERSITY team leader and field general. Only the ture and extent of the "compensatory deals" Whereas, Southwest Texas State Univer­ great Lou Gehrig before him had held we have made with West Germany in con­ sity commemorates 75 years of service as a that position. nection with its participation in the NATO state-supported institution of higher educa­ AWACS project; Would a determination by tion during the 1978-1979 school year; and He was an All-American while a stu­ the West German government that the 1Whereas, The official university slogan, "the dent at Kent State University, the United States had not fulfilled commitments progressive university with a proud past," Americ1an League's Rookie of the Year associated with the project be appropriate also serves as the 75th anniversary celebra­ in 1970, the league's Most Valuable grounds for reconsideration, or even cancel­ tion theme, one which encourages the univer­ Player in 1976 and an All-Star Team lation, of the West German role in that sity community and residents of the San choice seven times. project; What do we plan to do in the near Marcos area to reflect on the rich hist.ory and future to meet West German doubts on this tradition that have helped to make South­ Thurman Munson was admired for his count; and What similar arrangements have west Texas one of the state's truly outstand­ brusque frankness and complete honesty, been made for U.S. purchases of military ing colleges; and his extraordinary athletic talents and equipment from the other European partici­ Whereas, Chartered in 1899 by the State competitive spirit, and his unstinting pants in the NATO AWACS project and what Legislature as a two-year normal school loyalty to his team and his friends. is their status? Southwest Texas State Normal School opened A teammate and friend, Lou Piniella, I appreciate the information you have pro­ its doors t.o 303 students who were taught by said of the Yankee captain: "He exem­ vided me in the past on this NATO AWACS 17 instructors; and project and look forward to your response Whereas, After 75 years and three name plified a leader, he played hard, he played to these questions. changes, Southwest Texas State University tough, he played hurt." , With best regards. had an enrollment of more than 15,000 stu­ He had a burning desire to excel and Sincerely yours, dents and a faculty of more than 600 mem­ he did. LEE H. HAMILTON, bers; and As the baseball season draws to its Chairman, Subcommittee on Europe, and Whereas, With its original red-steepeled close, sports fans throughout the Nation the Middle East. building, Old Main, still in full academic use, are missing the exceptional play of one the school blends its progressive educational [From the Washington Post, Aug. 3, 1979) programs with cultural enrichment and rec­ of the great baseball players of our time. Those who live in and near the commu­ BONN POLITICIAN CRITICIZES U.S. SLOWNESS reational opportunities that provide students IN NATO ARMS DEAL with a well-rounded atmosphere for learning nity he loved so much miss his achieve­ and maturing; and ments even more.• (By Michael Getler) Whereas, Known throughout the state for BONN, August 2-A leading defense spe­ its teacher education program, Southwest cialist in West Germany's opposition party Texas gained national attention when one of STATUS OF NATO AWACS PROGRAM has threatened to block Bonn's pa.rticipation is most famous graduates, Lyndon B. John­ in the $1.8 billion NATO project to buy U.S.­ son, became president of the United States; built early-warning radar planes unless the and HON. LEE H. HAMILTON United States speeds up its promised com­ Whereas, All university divisions have con­ OF INDIANA pensatory purchases of German products. tributed t.o the anniversary observance, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The threat came in a letter from Christian which culminates with the summer academic Democrat Carl Damm to Bonn Defense commencement; and Wednesday, Sep~ember 5, 1979 Minister Hans Apel. Damm called on Apel Whereas, Since its opening in 1903, South­ to warn U.S. Secretary of Defense Hiarold west Texas State University has grown into a e Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would Brown of the seriousness of the situation, first-class regional, state, and national insti­ like to bring to the attention of my col­ and to urge that the United States "fulfill tution of higher learning, and students, leagues correspondence I have had with its responsibil1ties." alumni, and all the people of Texas can be the Department of State concerning the Damm is an influential member of the proud of its progress and its dedication to status of the NATO AWACS program. defense committee of parliament, and it is excellence; now, therefore, be it Early in August, it was reported that generally felt here that he has enough sup­ Resolved by the Commissioners Court of the Federal Republic of Germany, which, port to carry out his threat. Hays County, the City Council of the city of The letter reflects growing impatience in San Marcos, and the Board of Directors of along with the United States, is the ma­ some quarters over getting the United States the San Marcos Chamber of Commerce that jor participant in this project, might to live up to its commitment to a "two-way these bodies commemorate the 75th anniver­ block funds allocated to it, because of the street" in international military hardware sary of Southwest Texas State University and alleged slowness with which the United purchases. This frustration arises from a offer best wishes for continued growth and States had purchased certain West Ger­ perception that the U.S. m111tary, Congress ac!W.emic excellence; and, be it further man communications and transportation or industrial lobbies can slow or derail for­ Resolved, That official copies of this resolu­ eign purchases to which the U.S. adminis­ tion be prepared for Southwest Texas State equipment. tration has a.greed. University and for its president, Dr. Lee H. An August 21, 1979, letter from Mrs. "As a parliament, we have to deal with Smith, as an e·xpression of highest regard Lucy Wilson Benson, Under Secretary of the United States of Ainerlca. as a whole," from the citizens of the community.e State for Security Assistance, Science said Damm in an interview, and not with and Technology, should help to clarify the U.S. Army, trucking lobbies or the the situation regarding West German Congress. TRIBUTE TO THURMAN MUNSON participation in this important program After years of controversy and debate, NATO last year agreed to buy 18 of the big of NATO standardization and improve­ Boeing radar planes-known as AWACS, for HON. RALPH S. REGULA ment. airborne warning and control system-with OF OHIO The correspondence follows: West Germany picking up 30 percent of the AUGUST 7, 1979. cost, the United States paying 42 percent, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. LUCY WILSON BENSON, and the other NATO nations sharing the re­ Wednesday, September 5, 1979 Under Secretary of State for Security Assist­ mainder. In return for its major support, ance, Science and Technology, Depart­ however, Bonn was promised a number of • Mr. REGULA. Mr. Speaker, many peo­ ment of State, Washington, D.C. compensatory deals, including the U.S. mil1- ple of our Nation were saddened Au­ DEAR MRS. BENSON: On August 3, 1979, The tary purchase of some 9,000 Genna.n vehicles gust 2, by the tragic airplane crash which Washington Post reported that a leading worth $111 million and a. German telephone took the life of one of baseball's greatest member of the West German parliament had system to replace the antiquated U.S. mili­ catchers, the New York Yankee's Thur­ threatened to block West Germany's partici­ tary network, for a.bout $105 million. man Munson. pation in the procurement of the AWACS Damm complained that rather than some aircraft for NATO because of what he con­ 1,500 vehicles a year, the United States thus Thurman was a resident of the Stark sidered a failure on the part of the United far has purchased only 282 vehicles and has County community in Ohio, and one of States to purchase in a timely fashion cer­ not let the contract for the phone system. its best-known citizens. He was a devot;ed tain West German equipment. In Damm's view, that is not nearly enough family man who also loved the city in In addition to a status report on the NATO to give parliamentary committees here con- September 6, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 23419 fidence that the United States will live up to expressed displeasure with the pace of ac­ concerning the lack of any evidence that its pledge, given its historical lack of interest tivity in the telephone system and ad­ in foreign purchases. ministrative vehicle programs. motorized rafts were harming the can­ "I'm in favor of AWACS and don't want Progress on the telephone system has been yon, the Colorado River, or animal and to kill it," Damm said. "What I'm trying to on schedule. However, in a closed mark-up, plantlife in the canyon. In that meeting, do is send a warning signal to the U.S. gov­ the Defense Subcommittee of the HAC ap­ Park Service officials admitted (and ernment-three or four months before the parently cut ETS FY 80 from $17.5 million to many times since) that the motors did defense committee here meets-that if noth­ $9 million. DOD hopes that the Congress not harm anything but "their own aes­ ing happens before then, it is my feeling wm restore this reduction. Still, in the worst thetic values." A letter was sent to the that we will not release the next $55 million case, the program should be approved and Secretary of Interior by the Arizona del­ in our 1980 budget for AWACS." started in October, but with fewer switches. Another cause of German frustration, Regarding administrative vehicles, the Air egation requesting empirical evidence Damm said, is that purchase of the French­ Force buy should be completed on schedule of harm and answers to nine questions German Roland air defense missile is still in FY 83 (3,032 vehicles valued at about $45 concerning the EIS. The Secretary re­ stalled in congressional disagreement and million) . The Army program has not been as sponded to the requested information the U.S. Army, rather than buying 10-ton successful as originally anticipated, inas­ after 7 weeks; however, the information trucks already in service with the German much as its FY 80-85 program is not firm at could not be sent to the public for in­ army, is going out for bids on another, simi­ this time, but we expect that it will reach lar vehicle. clusion in the RECORD, because it was levels which, when coupled with the Air received 1 day before the end of the pub­ Andreas von Buelow, the number-two man Force program, will total $100 million which in Bonn's Defense Ministry, said in a radio was anticipated by both the FMOD and DOD lic comment period. interview, "If we should come to the con­ for the Administrative Use Vehicles (AUV) Subsequently, on May 1, 1978, I asked clusion that the American attitude is devel­ buy. the Secretary for a time line as to when oping along the lines suspected by Damm. I might add that the 120 mm tank gun we would consider this a basis for destroy­ the Environmental Impact Statement program is proceeding on schedule and that would be published. I did not receive a ing the contract." He added, "But for the both our governments are satisfied with its time being this is not so." progress. reply from the Secretary until Octo­ Damm acknowledged that he has no hard ber 23, 1978, almost 6 months later, and evidence that the United States will eventu­ On balance, we believe that German De­ fense Minister Apel and his colleagues in the then with no specific details as to when ally fulfill these projects. U.S. officials in the EIS would be announced. As you Europe admit the truck program is going German government are convinced of the more slowly than it should, but they also firmness of our commitment to arms coop­ know, people make plans months, even say there is no intention to back out. eration and to improving NATO standardiza­ years in advance to go on these river tion and interoperability in order to increase trips, and suspension of the motors the effectiveness of the AlUances' military UNDER SECRETARY OF STATE, would be disasterous to thousands mak­ FOR SECURITY ASSISTANCE, forces. ing plans. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, I believe that the above answers all the questions raised in your letter. I would be On January 31, 1979, the Park Service Washington, D .C., August 21, 1979. announced in a briefing that publication Hon. LEE H. HAMILTON' pleased to discuss this matter further with Chairman, Subcommittee on Europe and the you if you believe that might be useful. of the final EIS would be tentatively set Middle East, House of Representatives. With best regards. for April 1979. This was later confirmed DEAR LEE: Thank you for your letter of Sincerely, by lettter from the Park Service. April, August 7, 1979, concerning a report in The LUCY WILSON BENSON .• May, June came and went. Public assur­ Washington Post of August 3, 1979, dealing ances were given that July 1, 1979, dead­ with the procurement of AWACS and com­ STUMP CALLS COLORADO RIVER line would be met or the present system pensating United States purchases. would be continued into the 1980 season. The US offered ea.ch government par­ ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATE­ ticipating in the NATO AWACS program a MENT DISCRIMINATORY On August 3, 1979, the final EIS was Memorandum of Understanding that would published. permit its industries to compete on an Aside from the public participation equitable basis for US defense procurements HON. BOB STUMP sham under which the EIS was sup­ until its share of AWACS acquisition costs OF ARIZONA posedly written, I have several major (minus any economic benefits it received IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES from AWACS acquisition expenditures) were objections to this EIS. offset. The MOU offered no guarantees, ex­ Wednesday, September 5, 1979 Mr. Bill Whalen, Director of the Na­ pressed or implied, to NATO governments. • Mr. STUMP. Mr. Speaker, on August tional Park Service, on October 25, 1977, Only the FRG requested such an MOU, and said at Estes Park, Colo., "we must work it was signed on November 14, 1978. 3, 1979, in the Federal Register, the Na­ tional Park Services released a sham to remove all barriers that keep people The US government did not agree to pro­ out of the parks, for parks must not con­ curements in Germany as compensation !or called the final Environmental Impact its participation in the NATO AWACS pro­ Statement for the proposed Colorado tinue to be exclusive." I agree with Direc­ gram. On the other hand it seems clear that River management plan for the Grand tor Whalen that we must open up our Carl Damm and a number o! members of the Canyon. The final EIS calls for the ban national parks to the public and quit Bundestag view the European Telephone of motorized trips down the Colorado being exclusive. But the Colorado System and administrative vehicle procure­ River in the Grand Canyon within 5 River-Grand Canyon EIS does just the ments as "compensation" for German par­ opposite. ticipation in the NATO AWACS program. years. This action will at the same time To clarify this apparent discrepancy, we restrict the number of people wishing to My chief objection is that the EIS have reviewed the record and believe it dem­ take a trip through the Grand Canyon would ban forever the use of motors on onstrates clearly that the United States in the summer by a third. the river, and thus preclude the public of proceeded with procurement of a European The entire public participation and the option of going on the river through Telephone System (ETS) upgrade and with comment process has been a sham. Let­ the canyon on a motorized craft. Ap­ purchase of administrative use vehicles be­ ters and cards written to the National proximately 80 percent of the public cause, after long consideration, both were Park Service opposing the removal of usage on the river is on motorized craft. considered on their own merits to be cost­ The average motorized trip takes 7 days effective. Jn fact DOD evaluation of German motors on the river were not included administrative use vehicles began before in the public response by the Park Serv­ to complete, while most oar trips average initiation of discussions with our Allles con­ ice. Last August, during the public com­ 12 to 16 days. The average person with a cerning NATO AWACS. ment process, the Director of the Na­ 2-week vacation will be precluded from However, the Bundestag Defense Commit­ tional Park Service and the Secretary of taking the trip, because of time con­ tee linked both procurements to the NATO Interior publicly announced in a news­ straints and the higher cost of the longer AWACS program by formally noting that its paper interview that the National Park oar trips. As these trips are already ex­ agreement to AWACS was based on the as­ pensive, increase in cost for the longer sumption that the US would go ahead with Servir.e "will be cutting down on the those procurements as well as concluding a number of popular motorized rafts al­ trips would place them financially out of license agreement for the 120 mm tank gun. lowed down the River." The comment reach of many people. The Defense Committee further requested was made before the plan had been com­ This discrimination would be further the Ministry of Defense to submit relevant pleted and the public participation had extended by safety factors in which the contracts at the beginning of deliberations concluded. young and the very old are excluded. A on its 1980 budget request. It ls in this con­ In March of last year, I called a meet­ 35-foot, 3-ton motorized raft is safer text that some German officials have recently ing with National Park Service officials than a 16- to 20-foot, 400-pound boat 23420 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 6, 1979 going down the Colorado River in "the he leaves with us a rich legacy which league was there with abrupt and bad news. could-and I hope will-lead medicine to Podoll had a. hernia, yes, but he also hact greatest white water in North America." cancer. The doctor told him matter-of-factly, One further point-it looks as though, a new and more compassionate method succinctly. at first appearances, the Park Service of treating those who have contacted the That was 2Y2 years ago. He had two pro­ has expanded the season and enlarged most dread of diseases. longed chemotherapy treatments, two bouts the user days. Just the opposite is true. The article follows: of radiation therapy. As the cancer spread Traveling the Colorado River in early THE LIFE AND DEATH OF ELLIOTT PODOLL­ finally and voraciously, he refused a third spring or late fall when temperatures A P~RSONAL ACCOUNT OF DYING treatment of chemotherapy. (By Beth Dunlop) Throughout the videotapes-filmed for the are around freezing during the day and University of Miami Medical School where below freezing at night is not feasible, Thousands of Louisville children learned Podoll taught in the department of family and thus the park goes unused. The Park to say "Dr. Podoll" about the same time they medicine-the doctor tells a story of anger Service takes a way the summer user day learned to say "Mommy" and "Daddy." and humanity suspended in time. and puts it in the winter when no one Dr. Elliott Podoll, 59, a pediatrician who The first begins in January 1977. It cap· wants to use it. Usage during prime time practiced in Louisville for nearly 25 years, tures Podoll three months into chemo­ died July 1 in Key Biscayne, Fla., of lym­ therapy, both bitter and hopeful. Bitter on the river will, in fact, decrease. phoma, a cancer that kills about 18,000 As I have said numerous times before, about how medicine is practlced-"We're Americans a year. He had moved to Miami doing things the wrong way around: we find the Park Service should keep the use of tn 1971 and became associate professor of the disease, treat the disease, treat the per­ motors, as there is no evidence anywhere ramily medicine and pediatrics at the Uni­ son." Hopeful because the process was just that suggests harm to the canyon, the versity of Miami. beginning-"My personal belief is that ill­ Podoll was more than a doctor, as his six­ waters, plant, or wildlife. The percei~ed ness can be controlled by the individual. If esthetic views of the Park Service page curriculum vitae shows. He was active I had a poor attitude, I would start dying ln a variety of community projects both in today. I'm feeling mentally and emotion­ should not be the dictates by which the Louisville and in Miami. He was also in­ American people can see their parks, ally stronger than I ever was before." ternationally known. The videotapes are informal interviews con­ especially the grandest of them all, the As a captain in the Army Medical Corps, ducted by Thomas Crowder, a minister who Grand Canyon. he was assistant chief of medicine at the teaches at the medical school. They are for I will be introducing legislation Friday 49th General Hospital in Tokyo from 1945 use in classes on treating the terminally 111 to statutorily mandate the continued op­ to 1947. In 1976 he was director of the Sum­ patient and for seminars for doctors and tion for the American public of con­ mit School for Disturbed Adolescents in nurses throughout the community. Podoll tinued motorized trips on the Colorado Jerusalem. He lectured at medical meetings made numerous other teaching tapes-most ln Venice, London and Jerusalem and was of them dealing with pediatrics, his specialty. River in the Grand Canyon. a consultant on family and community Any Member wishing to join me in this Podoll's first cancer film opens with a de­ medicine in Bogota and Cartagena. scription of his self-diagnosis and the discov­ legislation, please contact my office.• He was a 1939 graduate of the University ery of the lymphoma. He talks about hie of Louisville School of Medicine. His inter­ early dealings with his doctors. ests included hypnosis, psychiatry, psycho­ His treatment was flatly outlined for him. THE LIFE AND DEATH OF ELLIOTT therapy, sex education, unwed mothers, "The oncologist said, 'You're going· to get PODOLL mental health, drug addiction and adoles­ chemotherapy. We're going to give you the cent diabetes. He had been president of the latest things. They're only five months old.' Louisville Children's Hospital staff and the That's it. It wasn't reassuring. HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI Louisville Pediatric Society and was medical "They separated my body from me as an OF KENTUCKY director at the Kentucky School for the individual. I felt schizoid. Your body is taken IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Blind for 22 years. away from you. It belongs to the National Two and a half years ago, PodoII learned Cancer Institute. It's like you're being in­ Wednesday, September 5, 1979 he had cancer. He fought the good fight vaded with a process. e Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, Elliott and during his illness tried to persuade his "They gave me three drugs. The oncologist colleagues to be less clinical, to treat people said they're going to make you sick as the Podoll was my friend. He was an out­ as people and not just patients. Podoll also standing physician, specializing in pedi­ devil. Then he took out three large syringes­ found some humor in the process of dying. which really frightened me. I'm a human atrics. He practiced in Louisville until He put his thoughts on videotape for the being as well as a physician.'' 1971 when he joined the faculty of the University of Miami Medical School, to be He wanted to read about the chemicals. University of Miami Medical School. used as a teaching tool. The tapes are not He was told that anything in print would be Elliott fought a valiant battle against universally popular with physicians. But out of date. He wanted to know everything cancer. He lost the battle on July 1 of Podoll's son, Dr. Ronald Podoll of Louis­ he could about his body, his mind, his emo­ this year. ville, said, "The medical community knew tions. But before he died, he recorded his him well. Some of his views were different "The oncologist said there's a 75 to 80 per­ thoughts, impressions-and, yes, his but he was wen respected." cent chance that I wlll get a remission. They The younger Podoll has 13 partners in the talk about the quantity of life but not the fears-on videotape so that future gen­ practice of emergency medicine at Suburban quality of life. There's a feeling of split-­ erations of doctors might learn how bet­ and Sts. Mary & Elizabeth Hospital. He said the chemotherapy ls working on this invader ter to treat those who fall victim to the his father's example "is hard to live up to." to my body." relentless scourge of cancer. Before his father's death, he visited him The first night he had weird dreams­ The following article about Elliott first in Florida every other week for two months. that he was choking to death, that he was appeared in the Miami Herald and was The following story originally appeared skiing down an endless white mountain never reprinted in the Louisville, Ky., Courier­ in The Miami Herald on J-q.ly 8, a week after reaching the bottom. Podoll's death. The next day, he went to work. "My imme­ Joumal on August 5, 1979. Elliott Podoll didn't want to be immortal­ It is poignant. It is heart-rending. But, diate thought was, gosh, if 57 ls my magic ized with bronze plaques on wans in hospi­ number, then that's it. If I'm going to live, it is the stuff of life. And, life was what tals. His legacy to life ls captured on thin then I want to be effective. I have a place in Elliott Podoll was all about. strips of mylar videotape. the world and I want to continue it." In commending this article to mv col­ In a 30-month struggle with cancer, Podoll The predominant emotion wasn't fear. leagues attention, I also commend it to -pediatrician, teacher, psychiatry student, "Gee, I'm lucky. Other people don't know oncologists and all physicians who deal counselor, husband, father-made video­ they're going to be run over by an auto or with cancer patients. tapes analyzing the deb111tation of his body, murdered in this terrible world. we live in. I'm As Elliott said : sharing his most personal thoughts, invading lucky. I have a time span.'' his own privacy to leave behind a teaching He threw himself into that time span­ I don't want to be derogatory to the medi­ playlng tennis, working, becoming a better cal profession . .. but they need to soften tool for generations of future doctors, looking at cancer as both a physician and a human teacher, a more empathetic doctor. their approach, establish a way of communi­ Once, he had lunch with a friend, who cation, build up a relationship with their being. He fought a weary battle, persuading asked him why he was doing so much for patients ... his own colleagues to be less clinical and more other people and less for himself. It depressed ·Young doctors can be taught respect of the empathetic as they tried to fend off the him because "my self was out of my hands. human body, respect of the human mind fast-multiplying cancer cells. It was in the hands of three large syringes­ ahead of medicines (and) respect of mechan­ He was 57 when cancer struck. prednisone and these exotic antibiotics ical gadgets. It started simply, ironically. The doctor did they're giving me.'' a. self-diagnosis. He thought he had a hernia. Two months passed. Podoll did a short in­ All of us who knew Elliott Podoll will He went to a colleague for an operation. terview for a Miami television program. He miss him as a person, as a physician. But, When the anesthesia wore away, the col- talked more about his feelings, about his own September 6, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 23421 treatment. His bitterness was more institu­ He doesn't mind dying. "I'm prepared for being respected and cared about--would stay tionalized, his optimism stronger. death. I'm also prepared to fight death with with him until the last moments of life. "There was no informed consent," he said. a positive approach." "Young doctors can be taught respect of "Just you have this, and this is what we're The decisions are. easy at this point. No the human body, respect of the human mind going to fio." more chemotherapy. He has persuaded his a.head of medicines, respect of mechanical He would have preferred a choice--even doctors not to give him the cardiopulmonary gadgets." though the choice was chemotherapy or resuscitation should his heart stop. He And then he talked of why he-a person nothing. doesn't want to die with someone thumping who so safeguarded his privacy, who strove "The key, the awful key, to medicine is two on his chest. to control even his ulltimate decisions--de­ things: giving the patients the utmost edu­ "All I want is peace. That may be heroics. cided to share .his emotions, his private cation about the disease, plus giving them But I'm a person, and my body belongs to thoughts. options about therapy. This puts the patients me. I fight for my ability to make decisions, "When you die, you leave pa.rt of yourself in the position where they are part of the to be part of my own therapy." in a way in the feelings you express. I guess treatment." Too often, he says, patients aren't. "I call that's your big privilege. That's why I ma.de The camera panned from the interview set them victims of the PDR-the Physicians the tapes. That's my way of leaving a. piece to Podoll swimming, to him and his wife, Desk Reference. The patient is always a page behind-not just a plaque on a hospital wall. Rosalie, walking at the edge of the ocean. He in the PDR. The physician can always find This is my philosophy. And it's a pholosophy talked about the new medical possibility of a something in ·that book to control the of life, as well as a. philosophy of death." cure for lymphoma. "I'm looking forward to patient." July 1. Elliott Podoll died in his sleep at that. I'm looking forward to a cure." Podoll chose to take Brampton's Cocktail­ 10:30 a.m. His widow, Rosalie, said death July 1977. He is making the second teach­ a mixture of cocaine, morphine and alco­ came peacefully. He did not suffer excrucla..t­ ing film for the department of family medi­ hol-a painkiller mixture often used with ing pain.e cine-a program for physicians who will work terminal cancer patients. The alternative in pediatrics or general medicine. Later, would have left him simply coping with the Podoll confided that his teaching tapes were pain of the now-enveloping cancer. ANOTHER UNKEPT CARTER not universally popular with the doctors who June 25-eight days after the final video­ saw them. They are too radical, too tough on tape and six days before his death-Podoll PROMISE, OH-HUM doctors. recorded his thoughts about dying, his feel­ Yet cancer is tough. Cancer reduces the ings of the Brampton's mixture: "With the strongest, most analytical, most detached, to Brampton's mixture, medical science has HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL sheer humanity. It melds together the vic­ found a way to dissect your head from your OF ILLINOIS tims-who, in search of survival, surrender body. I'm very alert. I feel able to do any­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES their bodies to the best of scientific knowl­ thing. (But) physically, I walk from here to edge. Cancer can even separate doctors from the john and I'm worn out." Wednesday, September 5, 1979 their colleagues. He talked about the humor in dying-a. • Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, instead of By this time, Podoll has finished his initial, virtually untouched topic, one that most shy using space by giving a long preface to six-month chemotherapy. He has "an empty, a.way from-and about how people react to the article I will insert, let me simply hollow feeling." He hated the chemotherapy, the dying patient, a dying friend. It is a. state that Don Lambro, United Press In­ hated his loss of control. But it was "sort of blunt, loose, honest tape. a. protection-I still had a feeling I was get­ ternational reporter, has examined the "Once everyone knows the diagnosis and ting treatment." Jimmy Carter promise of cutting back The distance of six months let him describe the prognosis, their treatment of you on the bureaucracy and has found-how his feelings: "I was angry, depressed. Sud­ changes. They don't come in to see you. They become uncomfortable. They become solici• best to put this?-certain discrepancies denly this magical figure that I thought was between the Carter promises and the healthy, suddenly it went to pieces. My des­ tous." tiny was in those syringes in my veins." A dying patient, he said, loses his privacy. Carter performance. It hurt. His veins ached. He lost hair. He The hospital starts to own the temporal So what else is new? was nauseated. His vision blurred. His skin body. At this point I wish to insert in the had a "peculiar odor." His mouth had "ape­ "And yet I have the feeling that if I took RECORD, "Carter Has Not Fulfilled Pledge culiar taste." off my pants and streaked down the hall, To Cut Bureaucracy" as published in "Many times I thought I'd rather leave my I'm sure the nurse ,would be severely critized Human Events, August 17, 1979: life in God's hands. I persisted because I because she's allowing her patient to expose CARTER HAS NOT FULFILLED PLEDGE To CUT knew this was the only treatment." himself. I'd love to do that. I'd love to run BUREAUCRACY But there was a distinct la.ck of psychologi­ up and down the hall naked, be a streaker. cal support from the professionals. "People The only reason not to do this is that you (By Donald Lambro) with malignancies look for some hope, with lose your creditability." Despite President Carter's campaign some chance. They're looking for another hu­ His friends, he said, didn't know what to pledge to "cut the bureaucracy down to man being saying, 'Hold on, old fella, we're expect. They would "come into the room ex­ size" and throw out wasteful programs, going to give you some help.' The profession­ pecting me to look much worse than I do. few govermµent agencies have actually been als thought they had to be objective. But ob­ They say, "You look good.' There's humor abolished. jective is knowing there's a human being in this, in how people expect someone who's One of Carter's major campaign promises with feelings. You can't just treat a human dying to look. They expect you to be in in 1976 was to consolidate the bureaucracy's being with medication. agony. They expect you to be in a position 2000-plus federal agencies and programs "I was not able to communicate. I'd say, where they can look at you and say 'God, down to about 200 tightly organized units 'I'm hurting.' They'd say, 'We expect you to.' " he looks horrible. When you come up quote, of government. In 1978 there was a remission. Then the unquote, looking good, that upsets them.'' While much of this reduction, Carter said, lymphoma 'recurred. It invaded his lungs, his would be achieved through general reor- He told his friends and his physicians that respiratory tract, his throat. At the end, ganization, he also vowed that ·through zero­ Podoll sat in a Mount Sinai hospital room, he found humor in the fact that he could based budgeting-under which each pro­ no longer sleep in a bed, that he had to get an oxygen tube his last lifeline. gram must justify its existence-"unneeded It is June 18, 1979. He is filming the thlrd­ in a bathtub and run warm water to sleep or obsolescent programs" would be abolished. or lie on the :floor or in a hammock on the and final-teaching videotape. "The challenge before the nation ls to This one ls unedited. It begins with Podoll balcony of his Key Biscayne apartment. "You cut the bureaucracy down to size," he said can say it was sad. I say it was humorous. I primping, worrying whether the oxygen tube in Columbus, Ohio, on Sept. 9, 1976. If was preparing for death. As 1f someone was will look bad. elected, he promised he would "shut down He ls dying. "The issue ls," he ls saying, saying you can't live your life in a 12-hour day, so we have to make you uncomfortable out_dated agencies and programs once and "how long you want to stretch out the period for all." at night. Althou~h I suffered, I enjoyed when you're dying. The mind is well. Your thinking of ingenious ways to sleep." How has the President succeeded two and body is being eaten by termites. You wonder a half years later? if it would be better if you were in a coma." June 28. He sat fn a lounge chair-the only Despite ambitious plans to reduce the size The termites are very real to him-and comfortable position for him-and talked and cost of the bureaucracy, only a very very painful. They are his imagery for the a.bout his message. tiny number of actual agencies have been cancer cells. He ls using a positive-image "I don't want to be derogatory to the medi­ actually abolished at a very small saving. method to fight off the pain. cal profession," he said. "They do as well as On the contrary, by virtually every other "I'm alert, aware of the outside world. they can. But they need to soften their ap­ (Illeasura.ble criteria the government has There is a de·tachment I have. I have a feel­ proach, establish a way of communicating, grown by leaps and bounds. ing of a hpllow body with many termites in­ build up a. relationship with their patients. By this fall yearly spending will have in­ side. But they haven't gotten to my brain. I often felt things were out of my control.'' creased by $70 billion since President Ford Mentally, I'm trying to stamp out the ter­ Control was very important to him. Keep­ left offi.ce-up to $532 billion. Since January mites. I have a feellng mentally I'm making ing that control, t:hat sense of di~ity, of 1977 the total civ111an payroll has risen by progress." humanity, that c;ense of being ·a · person- over 34,000 workers to more than 2.8 mil- 23422 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 6, 1979 lion, excluding 2 million military men ano and job slots remain alive and well in Carter's "Instead of getting rid of old programs, they women. now-named Domestic Policy Staff. are starting new ones." But this is only part of the story. Other Other White House offices abolished by One of the new programs is the Depart­ growth areas are hidden. The budget does Carter, like the Energy Resources Council, ment of Housing and Urban Development's not include about $9 billion in off-budget the Federal Property Council and the Eco­ $5 million "Livable Cities Program" for grants agencies. Also excluded from e~ploye~ rolls nomic Opportunity Council were nothing but to local governments to support architectural are about one million workers in quasi-gov­ "shadow agencies," according to one White and art programs. The city of Lewiston, ernment agencies and four million contrac­ House official who said "they were pretty Maine, for example, is seeking a grant under tors, researchers, consultants and local and much moribund by the time we got to them." this program to finance its annual winter state employes whose salaries are paid by More important, several independent agen­ carnival. the government. . cies listed on the Administration's abolished In the past two years, at least 68 separate As for Carter's campaign pledge to shrmk list were killed be ca use Congress chose not government down to 200 consolidated units, to extend their authority despite support grant programs have been abolished, but in White House officials would rather forget for them by the Administration. those two years Congress and the Adminis­ tration put an additional 62 in their place. that he made it. One was the Renegotiation Board, which "I don't know ..,.,here that figure actually Essentially, Carter is applying the same died March 31 despite Carter's support, after approach to organization that he did as gov­ came from," reorganization chief Harrison Congress failed to reauthorize it. The Presi­ Wellford said in an interview. "Frankly, I ernor of Georgia when he consolidated 300 dent's fiscal 1980 budget asked for $7.3 mil­ state offices, boards and commissions into wish it had never been used." A White House lion for the agency, an increase of $1 miUion inventory-the first ever undertaken-found over the previous year. 22 super agencies. This effort, however, re­ sulted in the state payroll going up from there were 1,846 departments, agencies, What happened to the board's 180 em­ boards, commissions, administrations and ad­ 34,322 employees to 42,400 and the state ployes? Some sought early retirement or got budget rising by 58.5 per cent. visory committees, which alone numbered jobs elsewhere, but many went to work for over 1,000. (Excluded from this count are the White House Council on Wage and Price The White House is sensitive about keep­ hundreds of interagency committees spread Stability, among otJher federal agencies. ing its list of 760 abolished agencies and throughout the government which the White Other agencies like the Commission on committees intact, believing it represents House says would be impossible to tabulate.) Federal Paperwork and the American Revo- the truest picture of what the Administra­ From this master list, t he Administration 1u tion Bicentennial Administration appear tion's reorganization efforts have accom­ says it has trimmed a total of 760 units of on the White House kill list. But both went plished. government and added another 348, for a out of business because Congress enacted When asked to provide a distilled list of net reduction of 412 committees and agen­ "sunset" expiration deadlines for them, not those agencies that were actually termi­ cies. because the White House sought their demise. nated-deleting the advisory committees The cuts, however, are not as substantive This was also the case with the Indian and any agencies whose functions have been as they may appear. This is because 677 of Claims Commission which went out of busi­ transferred elsewhere-a reorganization task them are carved from the plethora of infor­ ness last September, not because the Ad­ force official said that such a list would be mal advisory committees which meet only ministration sought its termination, but be­ "impossible to compile." occasionally, rarely involve any permanent cause Congress in 1976 set a deadline for it White House reorganization officials speak staff, and represent little if any cost to a to cease operations. bluntly about the obstacles they have had budget that spends $1.5 billion a day. The National Center for Productivity and to combat in their two-year bureaucracy­ Yet even with the reduction of 677 Quality of Working Life, for which Carter cutting exercise. through terminations and mergers, the cost provided $3 million in his fiscal 1979 budget, "The reality is that there is no office so of advisory committees is still up-from $64.9 closed its doors last September 30--again, be­ humble or useless that it doesn't have some million last year to an estimated $74.1 mil­ cause Congress had placed a termination date passionate defender," Wellford said in an lion this year. This is because both Congress in its authorization law. interview. "You don't have anyone lobbying for the elimination of unnecessary agencies. and the White House continue to create new Yet the Center hasn't totally disappeared. ones each year. In 1978, 204 new panels were You never feel any pressure on that. But Two employes continue part of its work at there is always someone pushing for one of added. the Commerce Department's National Tech­ Excluding, then, these 677, that leaves 83 these limp-along, useless groups. actual Cabinet or non-Cabinet agencies nical Information Service. And last October "The zeal for pruning the bureaucracy in which the White House says it has abol­ Carter created a "National Productivity general never matches the resistance against ished. Board." cutting the specific," he continued. "That's Closer examination, however, reveals that More important, however, is the fact that just the way it is. This is a bad season for most of the 83 were merged into other, many others the White House places in its reformers. Interest groups are flourishing. larger programs-with their missions and "loss" column were just renamed and moved It's very difficult to marshall grass-roots sup­ payroll still intact, and often enlarged. into larger agencies. port and opinion on Congress. Look at them: In fact, only about a dozen functioning The National Fire Prevention and Control Common Cause, Ralph Nader's Citizens governmental units or agencies have actually Administration was moved from Commerce, Lobby, the Fortune 500. There's an extraor­ been terminated in the last two years as a renamed the U.S. Fire Administration, and dinary imbalance here. They are all protect­ result of Carter's efforts, most of them being placed in a new agency called the Federal ing some program or privilege." tiny advisory offices or councils, some with Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). That is why, Wellford said, the Adminis­ little or no staffing. And in most instances FEMA will in fact be the repository for tration's focus moved from program termi­ the employees of these agencies remain, tak­ many small agencies, including the Federal nation, which Carter emphasized in the cam­ ing other government jobs. Disaster Assistance Administration, the Fed­ paign, to one of program consolidation. For example, one of the agencies the White eral Insurance Administration, the Federal "The focus has widened," he said. "The House "abolished" was the White House Of­ Preparedness Agency and the Defense Civil emphasis is on improving efficiency-on con­ fice of Telecommunications Policy (OTP), Preparedness Agency. solidation. Having been in office for over two which was created by President Nixon to re­ The Agriculture Department's 1,000-Em­ years, we feel this is the emphasis that ls search and coordinate communications poli­ ployee Economic research Service, which does the wisest and best approach." cies and technology. marketing reports for big agricultural indus­ Why the change? "Obviously we are influ­ enced by what the market will bear on the In truth, tJhe OTP was transferred to the tries, was merged with the Statistical Re­ Hill," he said. porting Service and renamed the Economic Commerce Department and merged with its Wellford fervently believes there are still research arm, the Office of Telecommunica­ Research and Statistics Service. A spokes­ many more "programs and agencies we could tions. The merged agency, which includes woman at ERS said that no one lost their get rid of," but he also is acutely aware that some related programs from HEW, was then job as a result of the merger "the amount of political capital required to renamed the National Telecommunications Likewise, many of the old energy programs, eliminate a government agency that has a and Information Administration. like the Energ1' Research and Development Congressional subcommittee chairman as its Did the merger result in a net savings? Administration and the Federal Power Com­ protector, is very, very large." Before consolidation, the two agencies cost mission, now called the Federal Energy Reg­ By that he means that any fight to abolish less than $10 million a year. Their cost for ulation Commission, were moved lock, stock some obscure program or agency inevitably this fiscal year is nearly $12 million. and barrel into the new Department of En­ leads to opposition in Congress, sometimes "It certainly cannot be considered a termi­ ergy. making permanent enemies of lawmakers nation," a Commerce official said. "The pro­ Similar transfers of agencies occurred when whose votes the Administration needs for gram was simply lifted out of the White the Civil Service Commission was abolished major legislative battles. House and moved over here." Thus, while and renamed the Office of Personnel Manage­ Carter, he explained, is better off conserv­ the White House unit was eliminated on ing his "political capital" for major congres­ paper, its costs, employes and functions con­ ment. The new agency inherited at least sional battles, rather than waste it by alien­ tinue to exist. seven sub-agencies from the old Commission. ating lawmakers in an attempt to-erase some Similarly, while the Domestic Council, "I don't see too much evidence of programs obscure $25-milllon agency. created under President Nixon, is considered being knocked out," said Senate Appropria­ "It doesn't make sense to alienate them," abolished by the White House, its functions tions Committee staffer Tom 7an Der Voort. he added. "Carter came here with high ideals September 6, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 23423 and came up against a wall of congressional CALIFORNIA ( 119) MacDonald, Loveland; Kenneth Maughan, resistance." Jamie Aponte, San Bernardino; Ali Badja, We;;;tminster; Stella Patrick, Denver; Oscar Has the President fulfilled his campaign Los Angeles; John Barnes, Hollywood; Bar­ Pugh, Pueblo; Oval Silvrants, Denver; Steven promise to cut back the bureaucracy? bara Bennett, Lenwood; Ted Berman, Sole­ Tackett, Lakewood; Mary Westbrook, Den- "Within the realm of the political climate dad; Ronald Bowles, San Diego; Joseph Ca­ ver. and the political realities, I think he has," biera, Riverside, Edward Calleros, San Ber­ CONNECTICUT ( 5) Wellford said. While conceding that overall nardino; Jo Ella Champion, Torrance; Bar­ "growth is up," the pace of that growth has Mattie Hooten, Stamford; Paul Izzo, West bara Chase, Azusa; Alfred Clark, Los Angeles; Haven; Alonzo Reed, Hartford; Melvin Rul­ been slowed. Bruce Colemn, Compton; Larry Columbe, Nonetheless, like its predecessors, the Ad­ nick, New Brita.in; Janice Walker, New Modesto; Lynn Congaon, Azusa; Brad Con­ Britain. ministration's chief hurdle to cutting un­ ner, Sunnyvale; George Crocker, Marin Co.; necessary programs and agencies remains the Jesus Cruz, Moorpark; Roland De Armond, DELAWARE ( 1) same: Congress. Los Angeles; Antonio Del Rio, Stockton; Anna Watson, Wilmington. As he did last year, Carter proposed that Felipe Espino, Watsonville. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA ( 2) 80 existing programs or agencies-totaling Ada Ezes, Yucca Valley; Clarence Ezes, Alexander Lecount and Loring Topp. $4.5 billion-simply be deleted from the fiscal Yucca Valley; Evelyn Fischer, Vallejo; Poli­ 1980 budget. They run the gamut from $3.6 capio Flores, Oxnard; Juan Gaitan, Oxnard; FLORIDA (22) million in Beekeeper indemnities (payments Theresa Glass, Monterey; Ernesto Gomez, San Solomon Anderson, Key West; Steve Ay­ for dead bees) to $1 billion in unnecessary Fernando; Michael Gonzales, Fresno; Ramon cock, West Dade; Dorothy Bell, Jacksonville; or low priority public works projects. Gonzales, Modesto; James Graft, Lancaster; Willie Clark, Chiefland; Elva Dotson, Pen­ White House sources say the list was itself Vertis Hallman, San Diego; Helen Henry, San sacola; James Filion Jr., Miami; Fannie Hand, pruned from an original proposal more than Diego; Segisfredo Herrera, Long Beach; Ba.inbridge; Freda. Kelly, Pensacola.; Daniel twice as long, but was whittled down, ac­ George Hill, Torrance; Willie Hoefke, San Laverne, Boynton Beach; Charles McField, cording to one White House official,"because Pedro; Robert Hope, San Rafael; Stephen Opa-Locka.; Robert Nichols, Fort Lauderdale. it just would have created more enemies on Hopkins, Modesto; Ada Ives, Joshua Tree; Beverly Novak, Miami; Ignacilio Nunez, the Hill than we can afford." Clarence Ives, Joshua Tree; Olin Jenkins, The consensus of opinion among congres­ Hillsborough Co.; Buelah Player, Jackson­ sional Appropriations Committee aides is Riverside. ville; Paul Sa.lamida, Miami; Edward Single­ that relatively few items on the list will be Kieron Kittle, Claremont; Douglas Krumpe, ton, Deerfield Beach; Iris Woolcock, Venice; cut in this year's budget process.e Central Valley; Carol Kumagai, Apple Valley; Thomas Young, Sarasota; undentified male, Rubin Levrette, San Bernardino; David Broward; unidentified male, Orlando; un­ Lewis, Oroville; Cornelio Llamas-Montes, identified male, Apopka; unidentified male, HANDGUN VIOLENCE CLAIMS 696 Fallbrook; Michael Lyil!ll, Fresno; Velma Miami. LIVES IN JULY . Lyons, Oakland; Manuel Magallanez, Bell GEORGIA (29) Gardens; Juan Martinez, Torrance; Martha Gen. Grant Banks, Atlanta.; Franklin Maza, Lennox; Howard McDaniel, Pacifica; Batts, Rome; Clarence Beard, Augusta; Dor­ Michael Mejia, La Puente; Terrance Meyer, othy Cooper, Ashburn; Grover Cooper Jr., HON. ROBERT F. DRINAN Lincoln; Eddy Montgomery, Hawthorne; OF MASSACHUSETTS Ashburn; Willie Cooper, Atlanta; Richard Darlene Morford, Palo Alto; James Jorford, Ewins, Atlanta.; Fulton Faniel, Atlanta.; IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Palo Alto; Ronald Morrison, Inglewood; Roy Porche Franklin, Atlanta; Madison Gordon, Wednesday, September 5, 1979 Moulton, Wrightwood; David Myers, Wood­ Ludowici; Charles Green, Savannah; Bar­ lan'.l Hills. bara Harris, Perry; Robert Harris, Perry; • Mr. DRINAN. Mr. Speaker, the un­ Karl Neuenschwander, Buena Park; Philip Niles, Los Angeles; Alfonso Olivares, Santa Charles Landers, Atlanta; Benjamin Lang­ necessary misuse of handguns resulted in ford, Atlanta. the death of 696 lives during the month Ana; Carl Olson, San Jose; Brian O'Neil, Huntington Beach; Robert Opel, San Fran­ Barbara Lanier, Atlanta; Chancey Lawson, of July-the largest number during any cisco; Adolfo Partida, Los Angeles; Javier Colquitt County; Elaine Lowery, V111a. Rica.; month yet this year. The continuing in­ Pedrosa, El Rio; Antonio Perez, Dixon; Willie Milsap, Atlanta; Julio Rozcorocco, At­ crease in the number of people who Thomas Phillips, San Diego; Janette Pinen­ lanta; Johnny Ruff, Atlanta; David Sinkfeld, needlessly perish each month is a man­ tal, San Francisco; Suwanna Quadro, Sunny­ V1lla Rica; H. W. Smith, Decatur; Barry Spa.­ date to take strong measures to curb the vale; Louis Ramirez, Torrance; Robert Rey­ kowsky, Smyrna; Jobie Thomas, Atlanta; misuse of these weapons. For the first 7 noso, San Fernando; Adam Romero, San Ber­ Alan Wllliams, Stephens County; Unidenti­ months of this year, a total of 4,512 nardino; Reginald Scoby, Compton; Serena fied female, Macon; Unidentified male, At­ media-reported handgun related deaths Savino, Indio; Perry Shuck, Roseville; Ma­ lanta; Unidentified ma.le, Doraville. have been compiled by Handgun Control, tilda. Simental, Corona; David Simmons, Au­ HAWAII (1) burn; Jim Yi Simmons, Suisun City. Raymond Wolcott, Honolulu. Inc. Otis Simmons, Suisun City; Rubin Solis, Legislation has been introduced in the La. Puente; Denim Suenram, Lake Sun; Ross IDAHO (3) House that will effectively combat this Swift, Hollywood; John Treadway, Sunny­ Gail Bock, Naples; Deborah Rayfield, Lew­ dangerous problem. I urge my col­ vale; Robert Vargo, Argus-Courier; Juan iston; and Cecil Snapp, Weiser. leagues to seriously consider such meas­ Vega, Santa Paula; Guido Viera, Anaheim; ILLINOIS (28) ures in a concerted effort to save lives, Virgil Vizina., San Diego; Anthony Volz, In­ Freddy Bell, Chicago; Leona. Brantley, Chi­ and protect innocent citizens from hand­ dio; Heinrich Vorum, Daly City; Ronald cago; Cheryl Dawkins, Chicago; John Daw­ Waddel, Hawthorne; Harold Ward, Riverside; kins, Chica.go; Cleophus Fisher, Chicago; Bo­ gun misuse. Rona.Id Warner, Oxnard; Robert Weisswa.sser, The Handgun Control, Inc., list guslaw Grabski, Chicago; Jesus Gutierrez, Los Angeles; Lynn Whinnery, Fremont; Dar­ Chicago; Melvin Horton, Arlington Heights; follows: ryl Wlllia.m, Los Angeles; Billy Williams, Alexander Jackson, Chicago; Van Jackson, ROLL OF HANDGUN DEAD Stockton; Joyce W1111ams, Petaluma; Ray­ Chicago; William Jenkins, Peoria.; Kit John­ ALABAMA ( 14) mond Wong, San Francisco; Joseph Yar­ son, Chicago; Donald Lawson, Chicago. brough, Whitethorn; Clarence Young, Los Walter Beasley, Salem; Ramsey Randolph, Angeles. Ronald Lee, Chicago; Michael Matusiak, Mobile; Johnny Blackburn, Birmingham; Unidentified female, Sanger; unidentified Chicago; Pa.trick McAndrew, Chicago; Syl­ Austen Couch Sr., Huntsville; Bonnie Couch, female, Laguna Hills; unidentified male, San vester Norris, Chicago; Frank Parrill!, Evan­ Huntsville; Alice Howard, Mobile; John Na­ Francisco, 7-1; unidentified ma.le, 23, San ston; Herve Ricourt, Chicago; Antonio Rod­ deau, Huntsville; Larry Parsons, Birming­ Bernardino, 7-8; unidentified male, 30, San riguez, Chicago; Angel Roman, Chica.go; ham; Clince Phillips, Anniston; Clement Bernardino, 7-8; unidentified male, Los An­ Esther Sepmeyer, Edwardsville; Emily Thomas, Bolingbrook; Jonathan Thompson, Stewart, Mobile; Coines Walker, Tuscumbia; geles, 7-11; unidentified ma.le, Madera, 7-16; unidentified ma.le, Los Angeles, 7-17; uniden­ Chicago; Donald Trier, Skokie; Oscar Wil­ John Whisenant, Ider; Meredith Whisenant, liams, Chicago; Kathy Young, Chicago; Un­ Ider; Sharon Williams, Tuscaloosa. tified female, Lenwood; unidentified male, Linda. Vista, 7-20; unidentified male, Perris, identified female, Harvey. ARIZONA (7) 7-25; unidentified ma.le, San Bernardino, INDIAN A (14) Stanley Edberg, Phoenix; Albert Hert, 7-25; unidentified male, Simi Valley, 7-26; Ned Brooks, Gary; Robert Brown, Gary; Phoenix; Jennifer Hopkins, Phoenix; Will unidentified male, Los Ange·les, 7-27; uniden­ Warren Buel, Michigan City; Luther Collins, Peel, Wenden; Sherri Perez, Eloy; Joseph tified ma.le, San Bernardino, 7-27; unidenti­ Indianapolis; Mae Collins, Indianapolis; fied male, Lytle Creek, 7-27. Tomberello, Phoenix; Debbie Vaughn, Donald Cross, Anderson; Arnell Glass, Jr., Phoenix. COLORADO ( 14) Gary; Denise Glass, Gary; Kathy Jones, In­ ARKANSAS ( 4) James Cotter, Denver; Raymond Cuevas, diana.polis; Larry Marsha.II, Indiana.polis; Carl Adams, Corning; Donald Frederick, Vail; Phyllis Elcess; Alvin Ephriam, Denver; James Pounds, Indianapolis; Brett Rodgers, Harrison; Leon King, Pine Bluff; Mildred Reginald Henry, Boulder; Steven Lambert, Starke County; Frederick Walker, Gary; Rogers, Arkadelphia. Denver; John Lilly, Jefferson Co.; Thomas George Williams, Indianapolis. CXXV--1474-Part 18 23424 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 6, 1979

IOWA (4) Ralph Sharick. Geene County; Ralph Smith, Steven Wisdom, Oklahoina City; Ray York, St. Louis; James Ward, Kansas City. Oklahoma City. Brent Gullion, Des Moines; Robert Joslyn, Cedar Rapids; Tony Millard, Ottumwa; Jef­ MONTANA (1) OREGON (11) fery Reisinger, Des Moines. Caroline Wylie, Columbia Falls. John Arias, Beverton; Jasper Belle, Port­ KANSAS (9) NEBRASKA ( 4) land; Alan Blattman, Portla.nd; Jerald Cam­ pion, Portland; Lawrence Ebbs, Dayton; Kym Grant Avery, Peabody; Frank Foley, Lan­ Leroy Dorman, Lincoln; James Goslee, Fearrien, Redmond; Orville, Hakanson, sing; Williiam George, Wichita; Carol Meeker, Council Bluffs; Judy Ott, York; Sylvester Grants Pass; Dona.Id Ryks, Eugene; Arthur Kansas City; Tito Mejia, Kansas City; Martha Windholz, Omaha. Schroeder, Medford; George Sweitzer, Brook­ Schultze, Olathe; Amelia Skala, Belleville; NEW HAMPSHmE ( 2) Baron Slutter, Pittsburgh; Dorothy Tate, ings; John Talbott, Bend. Leavenworth. Joseph Demet, Hanover and Alaric Gustav­ PENNSYLVANIA (18) son, Jefferson County. KENTUCKY ( 13) Joel Bockol, Philadelphia; Michael Branch, NEW JERSEY (4) Wesley Adams, Winchester; Gilbert Allen, Philiadelphia; Theodore Cintron, Philadel­ Crab Orchard; Jesse Bowling, Confluence; Vincent Ferguson, New Brunswick; Cyn­ phia; Juan Colon, Philadelphia; Robert Chester Grimes, Frankfort; Roger Hymer, thia Gold, Newark; Eileen Gold, Newark; Hartz, Philadelphia; Ollie Helem, Overbrook; Stamping Ground; Marsha Ingram, Flem­ Donald Leotta, Bellmawr. Johnny Jennings, Philadelph~a; Kinford Krauss Sr., Spinnerstory; Mrs. L. Krauss, ingsburg; Robert Ingram, Flemingsburg; NEW MEXICO ( 5) Sp,innerstory; James Lewis, Germantown; Robert Ingram, 9, Flemingsburg; Sam Jones, Don Doucette, Albuquerque; Juan Garcia, Carter County; Billy Martin, Lexington; Janice Lewis, Germain.town; John Pizzo, Albuquerque; Chester Jones, Clovis; Epitacio PhHadelphia; Wiley Roger.s, Phlledelphia; Herbert Taylor, Jamestown; Neal Turner, Lucero, Albuquerque; Marybelle McCoy, Flora Harlan; Marshall Witherspoon, Paducah. Robert Sheppard, Germantown; Tom Single­ Vista. ton, Philadelphia; David Stanley, Phila­ LOUISIANA ( 24) NEW YORK (25) delphia; Deborah Watkins, Philadelphia; Jimmie Allen, Mansfield; John Bonnell, Robert Borwn, Harlem; Scott Cantrell, Hilda Young, Philadelphia. New Orleans; Darrell Brown, Monroe; Bal­ South Salem; Michael Christmas, Roosevelt; RHODE ISLAND ( 1) domero Cuarisha, New Orleans; Walter Dacks, Jocelyn Fermin, New York; Jose Fermin, New Covington; Ronald Dean, Shreveport; Leon­ York; Nancy Gage, Queens; Robert Gage, John Simpson Jr., Providence. ard Doucet, Jennings; Clinton Fuller, New Queens; Damon Gustavson, Long Island; SOUTH CAROLINA ( 9) Orleans; Edwin Goodwin, New Orleans; An­ Deborah Gustavson, Long Island; Lascelle Rlonnie Allen, Sr., Mount Ple8iSaillt; Elijah thony Holmes, New Orleans; Leon Jones, Hines, Bronx; George Hollaway, Brooklyn; Belin, Sr., Florence; Belin, 1st name not Port Barre; Vanessa Latson, Shreveport; Jes­ Warren Lewis, Buffalo. given, Florence; Archie Craft, Columbia; sie Lewis, Shreveport. Eliezer Lopez, Brooklyn; Earl Martin, New John Gainey, Oharleston; Sandra Gainey, Edith Marshall, New Orleans; Emile Mau­ York; Mario Pinagas, Queens; Maurice Reid, Charleston; R. A. Mobley, Florence; Jerry rice, New Orleans; Sandra Miro, New Or­ Brooklyn; Victor Roudakoff, Rockland Sieben, Summerville; GeoTge Skipper, Myrtle leans; James Pinkney, New Orleans; Dorothy County; Fernando Santiago, Brooklyn; David Bea.ch. Poland, Shreveport; Rosita Savoie, New Or­ Southard; Sally Stroup, Mattydale; Oscar SOUTH DAKOTA ( 1) leans; Lucita Ward, New Orleans; Thomas Sussman, New York; Gerald Tillem, Staten Bria.n Bundy, Rapid City. Watson, New Orleans; Leslie Webb Jr., Den­ Island; Robert Weisswasser, New York; Un­ TENNESSEE (36) ham Springs; Charles Winn, West Monroe; identified person, Salina; Unidentified male, unidentified male, Lake Charles. New York. Phillip Ad1ams, Nashvn.le; Bob Beecham, NORTH CAROLINA (18) Nashville; Peggy Beecham, Nashville; Joseph , MARYLAND ( 20) Berry, Nashville; Dana Boone, Memphis; R. D . Clark, Odenton; Bernard Clemons, Bobby Atkinson, Raleigh; Luther Davis, Novella Bowllng, Johnson City; Charley Box­ Baltimore; Arthur Contee, Baltimore; Rob­ ' Greensboro; George Decher, Fayetteville; ley, Memphis; Norvin Brown, Memphis; Le­ ert Dixon Sr., Baltimore; Horace Forney, Arthur Hayes, Apex; Carolyn Hicks, Win­ onard Broyles, Memphis; Vance Crawford, Baltimore; John Frick, Baltimore; Melvin ston-Salem; Donald Howard, Kannapolis; Jr., Memphis; J·ames Delones, Huntsville; Glass, Elkton; Harold Jenkins, Baltimore; Juanita Lamance, Sanford; Bert Lindsey, Jr., Janet Durhaim, Whitehaven; Timothy Dur­ Henry Jones, Bowie; James Joshua, Balti­ Bessemer City. ham, Whitehaven; Monroe Frank, Memphis; more; William Lawrence, Baltimore; Eric Robert McCauley, Mebane; Theodore Mc­ Florine Gaines, Knoxville; Riachel Gibson, Rada, Ridgely; Leo Shapiro, Baltimore; Cray, Dunn; Charles McDonald, Dunn; Cedla.r Grove; Norvell Hightower, Memphls. Rully Sims, Baltimore; Harry Spalding, Hlll­ Bradley Miles, Greensboro; Floyd Nichols, Jerry Hord, Kingsport; Larry Jamerson, cest Heights; James Vass, Baltimore; Steven Dlll"ham; Pansy Nichols, Durham; April Athens; Lula Jones, Columbia; Fred Keyes, Witherspoon, Baltimore; unidentified male, Radford, Mars Hill; Jane Richard, Reids­ Jr., Rutherford County; Michael Knalls, New Carrollton; unidentified male, Balti- ville; Charles Simpson, Atlantic Beach; Nashville; Robert Lynn, Winchester; more. Nathan Smith, Kenansville. Charles Maynard, Sevierville; Patricia Moss, MASSACHUSETTS ( 5) OHIO (36) Memphis; Andrew Owens, Memphis; John Sonny Alicea, Dorchester; Anthony Corllto, Frank Bly, Akron; Alfred Braxton, Cleve­ Purdy, Nashville; Tammy Ragsdale, Knox­ Boston; Roy Coull, Gloucester; Joseph Da­ land; Walter Carter, Cincinnati; Stanley ville, Elizabeth Richardson, Johnson City; melio, Boston; Faical Mouhaidly, Boston. Cetner, Cleveland; Charles Clark, Cleveland; Robert Steele, Columbia; Walter Stewart, MICHIGAN ( 18) Antonio Conte, Brook Park; Alfred Davis, Gleason; Lon Tucker, Franklin County; Barbara Utt, Sullivan County; Ella Watson, Diane Benward, Bay City; Elethea Ben­ Columbus; James Davis, Cincinnati; Frank Dillard, Cincinnati; Duane Dixon, Cleve­ Gallatin; Terry Watson, Nashville; Joe ware, Bay City; Jason Benware, Bay City; Wolfe, Rogersville. Jeffrey Benware, Bay City; Thomas Ben­ land; Lessie Ellison, Springfield Township; ware Bay City; Weldon Benware, Bay City; Violet Ellison, Springfield Township. TEXAS (102) Verdia Billings, Pontiac; Theresa Coryell, Richard Flowers, Lorain; John Fa-ye, Rut­ Corey Aiello, Richmond; Louise Allen, Durand; Lenel Flemming Jr., Flint; Larry and; Carl Greer, Columbus; William Guido, Houston; Lupe Araiza, Houston; Ed Atta­ Jones, Flint; Robert Ledford, Flint; Pauline Brook Park; Sophie Hartman, Columbus; way, Odessa; Pedro Avila, Santa Maria; Murry, Flint; Theresa Onvell, Durand; Randy Clifford Hartwig, Norwalk; Darnell Jeffries, Jimmy Bacon, San Antonio; Ernest Barrera, Pititti, Durand; Arthur Quentmeyer, Harri­ Columbus; James Kennedy, Columbus; Houston; Felix Bermea, Midland; Lester son; unidentified female, Detroit; unidenti­ James Lewis Jr., Canton; Thomas Liddy, Bernat, Houston; Lela Bradic, Plainview; fied male, Detroit; unidentified male, De­ Eastlake; Robert Maidlow, Toledo; Frank Robert Brem, Odessa; Edward Burchell, troit. Morse, Columbus. Denton. MINNESOTA ( 3) Leonard Ramseur, Cleveland; Jan Reiser, Clyde Burns Jr., Abilene; John Butler, Alonzo Bridges, Minneapolis; Victor Mer­ .Cleveland; Ralph Schrader, Mimishillen Fort Worth; Kathy Carroll, Del Rio; Lcinnie cado, St. Paul; and Heidi White, Beardsley. Township; Charles Sedar, Cleveland; Mark Carter, Dallas; Fred Casares, Dallas; Daniel MISSISSIPPI ( 4 ) Sipcich, Brilliant; Kenneth Smith-Burnett, Constancio, Lubbock; Richard Corona, Houston; Landa Davis, Dallas; James Eg­ David Bailey, Ackerman; Michael Mayer, Columbus; Timothy Talley, Aberdeen; Ken­ neth Toinaszewski, Lorain; Ronnie Wall, gert, Houston; Rosendo Elizando, Houston; Biloxi; Teresa Mayer, Biloxi; Alvin Seely, Cleveland; Joseph Wente, Cleveland; Dean­ J. P. England, Midland; Freddy Fletcher, Biloxi. na Wolgamott, Tuscarawas Township; Uni­ Texas City. MISSOURI ( 15) dentified male, Springdale. Lindy Fonsera, Houston; Robert Ford, Carl Adams, Corning; Jerry Bernat, Hous­ Harris County; L. B. Gamble, Mexia; Mar­ OKLAHOMA ( 11) ton; Donald Brinkley, St. Louis; Osborne garet Gamble, Mexia; Jesse Gaona, Galves­ Campbell, Kansas City; Sheldon Collins, Elmo Gandy, Anadarko; Opal Gandy, ton; Santiago Garcia, Houston; Ubaldo Springfield; Reubin Cruise, Kansas City; Anadarko; Henderson Harris Jr., Oklahoma Garcia, Brownsville; Alfredo Garza, San An­ Kathryn Farnsworth, Kansas; Walter Hagan, City; Jerry Husted, Oklahoma City; Dolly tonio; Leroy Gloger, Houston; Buck Gordon, St. Louis; Michael Johnson, St. Louis; Joice, Wagoner; James Leach, Oklahoma Arlington; Allan Graham, San Antonio; Thomas Miller, Linn Creek; Charles Polatty, City; John Malone, Muskogee; · Sandra Ma­ Jacquelin Hancock, Woodway. Springfield; Clarence Sampson, St. Louis; lone, Tulsa; Kathryn Stelle, Broken Arrow; Martha Hart, San Antonio; Margaret September 6, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 23425 Hawkins, Hurst; Robert Haynie, Fort E. Capehart, passed away on Labor Day. up to 30 warheads, instead o! the limit of 10 Worth; Jun~ Heffner, Everman; Robert Homer Capehart, a successful business­ provided by the treaty, an overall potential Heffner, Everman; Maurice Herrera, Fort man, served the people of Indiana with increase of 6,000 warheads or more, which Worth; Rodolfo Hinojosa, Brownsville; Ger­ distinction and fairness for three terms would otherwise be prohibited under SALT ald Hunt, Houston; Adolphus Irabor, Hous­ II. ton; Anthony Jackson, Houston; George in the U.S. Senate from 1944 through Or take the argument that the Soviet Back­ Jasso, San Antonio; Jack Kennedy, Dallas; 1962. fire bomber is not counted within the treaty Rebecca Kennedy, Houston; Randall Kings­ While I did not have the opportunity ceiling. If there were no treaty, the Soviet ton, Beeville. of working with Senator Capehart, or Union could increase the range of the Back­ Jose Lara, Houston; Raymond Lawrence, knowing him well, he did leave a legacy fire and its production rate without limits. Lone Star; Robert Leigh, Pecos; Aaron Lewis, of accomplishment in the private and Instead, in assurances that are integral to the Houston; Carl Livingston, Houston; Eddie public sectors. treaty, the Soviet Union has specifically Martin Jr., Houston; Marion McGee, Beau­ agreed to restrict the capacity of the Back­ mont; Marcus McGuinn, Fort Worth; During his years in the Senate he left fire to less than intercontinental range and Richard Meadows, San Antonio; Terry Mil­ his imprint on business and housing to limit its production to no more than 30 a. ton, Waco; Manuel Montoya, Giddings; legislation, and he was a staunch ad­ year. Tommy Morlock, Fort Worth; Joaquin Ne­ vocate of a strong defense and forceful Or, take the argument that compliance varez, San Antonio. foreign policy. As we view with alarm with the terms of the treaty is not ade­ Merle Newbauer, Wills Point; Norma New­ the growing presence of Soviet military quately verifiable. If there were no treaty, we bauer, Wills Point; Larry Padgett, Amarillo; would be required to rely entirely on our forces in Cuba in 1979, we recall that ability to penetrate what is happening in a Sandra Palmer, Fort Worth; Humberto it was Senator Capehart of Indiana who Pecina, Houston; Marion Peppers, Dallas; closed society in order to know what mis­ Virginia Philen, Athens; Joel Pomeroy, Dal­ urged the blockading of Cuba and the siles the Russians were testing or deploying. las; Margaret Pomeroy, Dallas; John Pool, forcing out of Soviet missiles and bases Instead, under the treaty the Soviet Union is Dallas; Pedro Portillo, Hart; Juanita Powell, 90 miles from our shores in 1962. required to take affirmative steps to aid us in Rosharon; Hans-Gerd Promper, Houston. Homer Capehart was the son of a monitoring these same developments. Enrique Ramirez, San Antonio; Jose Reyes, tenant farmer whose love for his State Or, take the argument that our Minute­ Baytown; Richard Reynolds, Crosby; Pablo and Na tion enabled him to succeed as a men missiles will be vulnerable in the early Rios, Jr., Houston; Alejandro Rivera, Galves­ 1980's. No one can argue that this is in any salesman, advertising agency head, to way due to, or caused by, the terms of SALT ton; Obie Robinson, Marion County; David manufacturing executive and to a Rocha, San Antonio; Olivia Rodriguez, Lub­ II. However, any steps to counteract this vul­ bock; Melvin Roland, Fort Worth; Melvin lengthy and successful tenure in the neraJbility are made much simpler by knowl­ Savoy, Beaumont; Ernest Simone, Houston; U.S. Senate. In 1962 he returned to edge under SALT II that the threat to be Mary Sproles, Fort Worth; Kevin Swain. Indiana and remained active in the Re­ counteracted comes from a limited and Arlington. publican Party. known number of Soviet missiles. Joyce Sypert, Haltom City; Felix Trinidad, Mr. Speaker, we extend our heartfelt You may be surprised to find that your Houston; Tran Minh Tung, Houston; Maria Senator, if he is opposed to the treaty, may sympathy to the Capehart family-his not be able to point to a single substantive Vasquez, San Antonio; Rosendo Villarreal, wife, Irma; his son Earl; and daughter, Houston; Diana Wanstrath, Houston; John objection that would be remedied to any Wanstrath, Houston; Kevin Wanstrath, Patricia Pearson; and his 12 grand­ extent by a defeat of ratification. Houston; Elton Williams, Dallas; unidentified children. We pray that God will com­ 2. What do you propose be done to en­ male, Houston; unidentified male, Houston; fort them in their sorrow.• hance our security that cannot be done under unidentified male, El Paso. SALT II? The fact is that whatever is being credibly UTAH (2) TWO QUESTIONS ON SALT proposed to improve our security or the se­ Donald Mitchell, Salt Lake City and Louise curity of our allies involves questions for Valdez, Kearns. broad national debate that are not inhibited VERMONT (1) HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM by SALT II. Should we deploy the MX mis­ OF NEW YORK sile and, if so, how? Should we enlarge our Howard Gould, Montpelie.r. nuclear forces in the European theater? VIRGINIA (14) IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES You may a.gain be surprised to find that Howard Allen, Pol"tsmouth; Leroy Booker, Wednesday,' September 5, 1979 our choices on these and the other important Richmond; Shirley Booker, Richmond; Rob­ issues of security remain the same, SALT II or ert Deutsch, Evergreen; Bruce Draper, Ever­ • Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, a com­ not. The difference is that under SALT II we green; Renaa. Franklin, South Boston; Eileen pelling short article on SALT by Arthur can make these choices with greater cer­ Fulcher, Roanoke; Robert Keating, McLean; B. Krim appeared in the New York tainty of the extent of the strategic forces Micha.el Mayo, Richmond; Lucille Net, An­ Times for August 21. Mr. Krim, a dis­ deployed against us. nandale; Todd Net, Annandale; Stephen Pil­ tinguished lawyer and motion picture The argument that SALT II should not be green, Evergreen; Eunice Sowers, Floyd Joyce executive, is a member of the President's ratified unless and until these choices are Terry, Danville. General Advisory Committee on Arms made, even though they are unrelated to any WASHINGTON ( 8) SALT II restrictions, in effect says that one­ Control and Disarmament. The article third instead of a majority of our Sena.tors Michael Braun, Tacoma ; Ronald Estabrook, follows: should control our defense decisions. Seattle; Seigfried Harmon, Lakewood; Flor­ These two questions recognize that your ence Mansfield, Ronald Nowicki, Tacoma; (From the New York Times, Aug. 21, 1979] 2 QUESTIONS ON SALT Senator's decision cannot turn on what an Ricky Wheeler, Tacoma; Patricia Wilcox. ideal treaty might be but on whether we Prosser; Robert Wilson, Sumner. (By Arthur B. Krim) are better off under the terms of this treaty WISCONSIN ( 6) To those millions of Americans to whom or by opting for the foreseeable future to go Marjorie Brunn, Fox Lake; Oliver Brunn, evaluation of the strategic-arms treaty has our own way without restraints on either Fox Lake; John Denn, Ellsworth; Esteban become lost in technicalities and conflicting side. If you insist on satisfactory answers, Ledesman, Milwaukee; John Maertz, Meno­ generalities, I suggest that you ask your Sena­ the bottom line becomes clear·• monee Falls; Jose Renova.to, Milwaukee. tors two basic questions. You will be amazed' by the extent to which the answers will WYOMING (3) cut through to the bottom line, not only for Susan Bradley, Point of Rocks; Martha yourself, but also for your Senators as they REDTAPE SYNDROME Hopkins, Cheyenne; and Robert Middaugh, approach their own moment of truth in ma.k­ Douglas. ing one of the most crucial decisions in our country's life. 1: Which of your objections to the terms HON. BOB STUMP HOMER E. CAPEHART OF INDIANA of SALT II would be satisfied or alleviated by OF ARIZONA a repudiation of the treaty? IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The fact is that the principal arguments HON. DAN QUAYLE against the treaty would actually in most Wednesday, September 5, 1979 OF INDIANA instances be exacerbated if the treaty were • Mr. STUMP. Mr. Speaker, one of the not to be ratified. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES major concerns voiced to me during the As an example, take the argument that the district work period was the excess Wednesday, September 5, 1979 treaty allows the Soviet Union the unfair advantage of the 308 heavy missiles now in amount of Government regulation and • Mr. QUAYLE. Mr. Speaker, one of place. If there were no treaty, this limit high taxes. The following poem, written Indiana's distinguished and outspoken would be lifted; even more, the Soviet Union by my friend Bobbie Broumley, clearly political leaders, former Senator Homer could then arm each of these missiles with expresses the concern and feelings of 23426 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 6, 1979 many. I am sure you will find the "Red­ prescriptions or conducting 40,000 dental while the top salary for an Army physician in tape Syndrome" of interest. checkups-all in a single day. the same specialty is $46,000: Neimes said. (But that's part of the routine for the But, Neimes said, "What attracts a phy­ "REDTAPE SYNDROME" Army's Health Services Command, which is sician is job satisfaction." A Crisis of Confidence the President said, headquartered at Fort Sam Houston. And, the Army is striving to increase job But he didn't hit the nail on the head. (Light medical writer Donna Jones exam­ satisfaction while making only "modest im­ The folks are just tired of all being bled, ines the worldwide operations of the health provements" in salaries. And the nation is sorta "seeing all red ..." service and what it means to San Antonio.) Part of what makes a job satisfying is The President can see folks begin to relax. The U.S. Army Health Services Command working in a modern facility with modern When they get out of our pockets and of! of at Fort Sam Houston is housed in an in­ equipment, Nelmes said. our backs ... nocuous building that belies its power. Plans for modernization at Fort Sam will We've so much red tape and suoh regulations, Operating with a.n annual budget that add health and dental clinics and expand Enough to choke the entire world of nations; tops $1 billion, the Army's physician­ Brooke Army Medical Center during the next Now, add to all that the rate of inflation; administrators at Fort Sam direct health seven years. The improvements are expected And how Proposition 13 created sensa- services thwt cover 3 Illillion beneficiaries to run up a bill approaching $160 million. tion .... and more than 3 Illillion square miles. By training physicians' assistants at the If Washington wants the folks to relax Six years ago, when the Army was search­ academy, administrators seek to assure that They can get out of our pockets and of! of ing for a home for this impressive command, physicians will devote their time to the chal­ our backs.... Fort Sam Houston was vying with posts in lenging aspects of medicine while assistants Long years ago when folks were discreet, Washington, D.C., and Denver. take histories and do routine tests. It often was mentioned those who work shall HBC chief of staff Col. R. E. Nelmes specu­ HSC stays in contact with congressmen eat; lates that San Antonio may have been and local leaders and keeps them up-to-date But with such give-awa.ys and our own tax chosen because since 1946, the city has been on the Army's medical needs and assets, receipt, home to the Academy of Health Sciences, a Nelmes said. Our Zero Bank Accoull!t's complete . . . clearinghouse for all Army medical person­ The Army is improving its health services The Natives are restless but we could learn nel. Approximately 40,000 enlisted men and not only because it wants to attract more to relax, officers pass through the academy, the physicians, but also because "It's an asset to If they'd get out of our pockets and of! of world's largest military training activity, the nation," Nelmes concluded. our backs.... annually, Nelmes said. And, he added, San Antonio is "a nice Every expert has an instant solution, pl&ce to be." For energy, inflation and horrendous pollu­ Besides the Academy of Health Sciences, THE "MYTHS" OF VIETNAM tion, where students can earn college CTedits It seems there may be an expert's collusion, toward associate, bachelor and master de­ 'Dhat could bring about a New Tax Revolu­ grees, Fort Sam is home to Brooke Army HON. JACK BRINKLEY tion .... Medical Center and a Regional Dental I believe, Mr. President the people would OF GEORGIA Activity. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES relax. With 10,000 sta.fI members, the HSC em­ If Washington got out of our pockets and ploys approximately 76 percent of the mili­ Wednesday, September 5, 1979 off of our backs. . . . tary personnel lllt Fort Sam Houston. -Bobbie Russell Broumley, July 25, 1979.e The command also employs 500 civilians •Mr. BRINKLEY. Mr. Speaker, for the from the San Antonio area. benefit of my colleagues, I wish to place Having a major command at Fort Sam into the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD an arti­ FORT SAM HOUSTON, TEXAS Houston has obvious economic benefits for cle which appeared in the Columbus ARMY HEALTH SERVICES San Antonio merchants who serve the mili­ Ledger-Enquirer on August 19, 1979, en­ tary population, Nelmes said. titled "The 'Myths' of Vietnam." The But, perhaps more importantly, the HSC author, Mr. Millard Grimes, draws some HON'. HENRY 8. GONZALEZ enhances San Antonio's scientific commu­ OF TEXAS nity, he added. profoundly accurate conclusions regard­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The command often hosts scientific meet­ ing our Government's involvement in, ings, and the military's medical experts take and withdrawal from, South Vietnam. Wednesday, September 5, 1979 time to share their knowledge with civilian This excellent analysis of the Vietnam e Mr. GONZALEZ. Mr. Speaker, the researchers and physicians, he explained. situation sets the record straight, and I most prestigious and historical defense As a community service, the HSC operates commend this superb commentary to my installation of our country is Fort Sam one of the nation's five programs called Mili­ colleagues: tary Assistance to Safety and Traffic. This THE "MYTHS" OF VIETNAM Houston. Images and memories of great service makes available to civilian author­ soldiers who served at Fort Sam are ities military personnel and helicopters to (By Millard Grimes) evoked: General John J. "Blackjack" quickly transport traffic accident victims and As the 1970s draw toward an end, several Pershing, Foulois, Eisenhower-just to other medical emergency patients to local myths from the 1960s have become virtually mention a few. hospitals. accepted as truth and dogma, and they are Here now at this memorable 1and much But, San Antonio is only a fraction of the dangerous myths that should not pass into desired as a duty post is headquarters HSC's service area. The command provides the history books unchallenged. health care, throughout the continental First, there is the broadly-accepted myth for the U.S. Army Health Services United States, Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, that the U.S. leaders who made the decisions Command. Johnston Islands, Guam, the Pacific Islands that led to this nation's mission in Vietnam Despite great odds, such as perennial and to other government departments, agen­ were wrong in both vision and morality. budgetary shortfalls, much needed mod­ cies and organizations. Secondly, there is the corresponding myth ern physical facilities Divine Providence, repair and restore those faced by medicine in the private sector. of the people of South Vietnam and of tne fragmented bodies and spirits. Manpower and escalating costs are two ma­ United States for that country to maintain jor problems, Nelmes said. a non-communist, pro-western government, I wish to share with my colleagues a and that military aggression by North Viet­ very fine 1article about the command "That's not to say that giving us money will solve all the problems," he added. nam should be discouraged and turned back. which appeared in the San Antonio Further, the policy-makers believed that if Light on Sunday, August 5. The military adlllittedly has problems in North Vietnam's aggression was successful in attracting and keeping competent physi­ [From the San Antonio Light, Aug. 5, 1979] South Vietnam that it could lead to further cians, Nelmes said. aggression in Southeast Asia. CARE OF MILLIONS ROUTINE AT HSC Relatively low salaries deter some physi­ Today, some 16 years after the decisive (By Donna Jones) cians from going the military route. moves toward implementing the U.S. policy, (It is ha.rd to ima.gine an organization An emergency room physician in the pri­ we know that the leaders at that time were seeing 4~000 patients, dispensing 81,000 vate sector might earn $75,000 annually, right in their main conclusions: September 6, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 23427 South Vietnam was threatened by a Com­ the University of Notre Dame Law School 288-4751) or write us. and we can direct them munist takeover from North Vietnam. The in South Bend, Ind. The center was con­ to help in their communities." people of South Vietnam-and of Cambodia ceived in 1972 and has received the en­ The center has three fulltime lawyers and and other neighboring nations-were un­ eight legal interns, Notre Dame law school questionably better off under non-commu­ dorsement of the American Bar Associa­ students. It publishes a magazine, Amicus, nist, pro-western regimes; and the best in­ tion and the President's Committee on that contains reports about la.w and the terests of the United States were better served Mental Retardation. As I know my col­ handicapped. It disseminates legal briefs and by such regimes. leagues are aware, few if any other fed­ advice. The leaders were also correct about the erally funded projects have ever pro­ The center has published a valuable tool if much-maligned "domino theory," as North duced or fostered the development of you're the parent of a handicapped child. Vietnam now controls not only South Viet­ young men and women directly in the It is a 20-page booklet, "Parent's Guide to nam, but also Cambodia and Laos, and poses Ensuring the Educational Rights of Chil­ a threat to Thailand, Malaysia and other field of handicapped law nor are there dren." It's a straight-from-the-shoulder dis­ Southeast Asian countries. any other national resources providing cussion of rights and remedies to which your On one ·other important point the U.S. help to the legal community, social work­ child is entitled. It tells you what your leaders were right and their critics wrong. ers, and parents of retarded and physi­ schools are obligated to do and how to get The war in South Vietnam was not a "civil cally handicapped youngsters as is them to fulfill their responsibilities. The war." North Vietnam's armies completed the NCLH. booklet is available for $3 from the center, conquest and North Vietnam's government Clearly, the contributions of this orga­ 211 West Washington St., Suite 1900, South controls South Vietnam today, even to the Bend, Ind. 46601. point of changing the name of its capital nization extend far beyond the bound­ Right now the center's having a tough time city from Saigon to Ho Chi Minh City. aries of my own congressional district financially. It's been funded yearly by the Whatever else might be said of the out­ and in that regard I believe Bill Steif's Health, Education and Welfare Department's come, it is difficult to ·argue that the South article .focuses important and most need­ Rehabilitation Services Administration. It Vietnamese or the Cambodians are better off ed attention on the center and its strug­ asked for $286,000 in the coming :fis'Cal year, than they were under the regimes which the gle for survival: starting Oct. 1. HEW's new Secretary, Patricia U.S. attempted to bolster and sustain during Roberts Harris, has given no indication on U.S. AND You the 1960s. funding. Without it, says Barrett, "Our mo­ And it is on that point that the protesters, (By William Steif) mentum will be dissipated. All we want is demonstrators and critics of U.S. policy in Three lawyers talk around a table in a equal treatment of American citizens." Vietnam stand clearly branded as having small room. They're successful, urbane, mid­ You can write Mrs. Harris, c/o HEW, 330 been wrong. dle-class professionals. Independence Ave., SW., Washington, D.C. They contended that it did not matter They are also loving fathers. 20201, to urge her to continue the center's what kind of regime governed South Vietnam. Each has a retarded child. funding. An equally important person to Let them ask the "boat people" if it Lawrence A. Kane Jr., of Cincinnati has write is Rep. John Brademas, Ind., the House matters. six children. The last is retarded, a boy now Democratic whip, who represents South And then there is the oft-heard lamenta­ 12. Kane says his son is "almost a rare per­ Bend-and was instrumental in starting the tion that the U.S. "lost" the Vietnam War. son." center. His address is Room 1236, Longworth The clear and indisputable record shows He's had an impact on the rest of the House Office Building, Washington, D.C. that the U.S. withdrew its troops from Viet­ family. Another son is "establishing a group 20515. nam-mainly because of domestic pressure home for juvenile delinquents." A daughter Another publication just off the presses from the demonstrators and the anti­ has graduated from George Peabody College can help you if you're seeking aid for chil­ Vietnam movement-in 1973, leaving the in order to teach "special education," the dren. It's entitled, "National Directory of South Vietnamese government in control of dreadful American euphemism for teaching Children and Youth Services '79," and it is a most of the land area below the North-South disabled children how to cope with their 540-page compUation of the name, address border. problems. and phone number of every social service, It was nearly two years after U.S. troops Dennis E. Haggerty of Philadelphia says, health, mental health and youth service left Vietnam that North Vietnam launched agency in the nation, broken down by states, an all-out military offensive--in violation of "My boy is 20. He has an IQ of 25, a vocabu­ counties, cities and towns. lary of about 20 words. He has given us pur­ the treaty signed in 1973, which it had vio­ Juvenile courts are included. Officials in lated in lesser ways throughout the previous pose; my two elder daughters are in a special charge are named. There's never been any­ two years-and this offensive succeeded in education. My 17-year-old daughter under­ thing like this; it took a veteran newsman, routing the South Vietnam army. stands that not all citizens have 20-20 eyes," Bill Howard, to organize and do the job. The The U.S. mission succeeded up to the this is, they're not all "normal." directory is aimed at professionals, but you point when its troops withdrew. The war was David M. Barrett's son was his first-born. don't have to be a pro if you want to spend lost two years later, in 1975, when the U.S. The boy is "profoundly retarded, but this has $39-reasonable, considering the work en­ government declined to again become in­ been an enriching experience." tailed-for this. Copies are available c/ o CPR volved militarily. Kane says: "I think many people still have DirectoTy Services Co., 1301 20th St., NW., South Asia is a place of tragedy today, but latent fears of disability . . .. But my percep­ Washington, D.C. 20036.e it is a tragedy that U.S. policies of the 1960s tion of this new generation, people from 18 to sought to prevent, and which failed in large 40, is that it is very humane. sensitive, even measure because of opposition from Ameri­ compassionate." cans who were wrong both factually and ENERGY LEGISLATION Retardation is only one of many handicaps, morally. The U.S. mission in Vietnam was noble, mental and physical, Americans suffer. There and its warriors were brave and deserving of are about 30 million handicapped Americans, HON. LEE H. HAMILTON honor. a third of them severely handicapped. About OF INDIANA 6 million of the handicapped are 3 to 21. The "losers" were the people of Vietnam, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES both north and south, and the people of All these children have rights to public Cambodia, and eventually perhaps the people education, appropriate to them, under fed­ Wednesday, September 5, 1979 of Thailand, Malaysia and Burma.e eral law. But often those rights are infringed upon or ignored because parents don't know 9 Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would what's coming to their children, or some­ like to insert my Washington Report for times because school authorities flout those Wednesday, September 5, 1979, into the NATIONAL CENTER FOR LAW AND rights. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD: THE HANDICAPPED Kane, Haggerty and Barrett want to ensure ENERGY LEGISLATION those rights. They are, respectively, president, vice presi­ She stopped me on the main street of a small Indiana town and asked her question HON. WILLIS D. GRADISON, JR. dent and a director of the National Center OF OHIO almost belligerently. I could not have missed for Law and the Handicapped, founded in her deep frustration over high fuel prices IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1972 at South Bend, Ind., and jointly spon­ and the uncertainty and confusion of a hun­ sored by the American Bar Association, the Wednesday, September 5, 1979 dred gloomy news reports. "What," she Notre Dame law school and the Council for wanted to know, "have you and the Congress the Retarded of St. Joseph County, Ind. e Mr. GRADISON. Mr. Speaker, a re­ done about the energy crisis?" It ls a fair cent article by Bill Steif, a reporter for "The law (for handicapped children) is on question, one in fact that comes to me vir­ the Scripps-Howard News Service, at­ the books," says Haggerty. "Now it's a matter tually every day from Ninth District resi­ or implementing and supporting it." dents. The short answer is, "Quite a lot, but tracted my attention and I wanted to That's what the center does. It has taken share it with my colleagues. The column certainly not enough." Let me explain. part in more than 100 court cases. It gets over Much has been accomplished in our effort addresses the very important and vital 3,000 inquiries a year. Kane says: "The most to achieve our energy goals of increased con­ work of the National Center for Law important thing is for our consumers-par­ servation, greater domestic production, and and the Handicapped which is housed at ents of children-to know they can call (219- rapid development of alternative sources. 23428 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 6, 1979 There are many examples of progress. The bills to improve the way the government Americans who can never restrain theinselves number of car pools has risen sharply, the handles energy matters. One item in the from new attempts c;.t architecture. automobile industry is turning out more package, a "fast track" bill, would expedite Without going into which of these pro­ fuel-efficient vehicles, and the push to weath­ federal decisionmaking on a limited number posals were right or if any of these specific erize homes has been so strong that there of key energy projects each year without proposals were necessary, I think the fact has been a shortage of insulation. More nat­ exempting the projects from current laws. that in the late 1970s we are operwting an Al­ ural gas is available, new exploration for oil A second item in the package would establish liance machinery and a force structure under has increased to record-breaking levels, and a permanent Energy Committee in the House a concept more or less unchanged from the the utilities have helped to reduce oil im­ to speed up action on energy legislation. 1950s should indicate that we have been de­ ports by switching from oil back to coal. No single step can solve the energy prob­ pleting capital. Living off capital may be a Finally, energy research is picking up, with lem, but these pending bills would help us pleasant prospect for a substan:tiaJ. period of solar power coming along faster than antici­ reduce our dependence on imported oil, meet time, but inevitably a point will be reached pated. The ultimate result of these and other our energy needs through conservation, and where reality dominates. And my proposition trends is important: while the nation's econ­ develop a large number of alternative sources to this group is that NATO is reaching a point omy grew by 3.9 % last year, the demand for of energy. I will work hard to ensure the where t he strategic assumptions on which it energy grew at about half that pace. passage of as many of the bills as possible.e has been operating, the force structures that Some of the trends I have just mentioned it has been generating, and the joint policies are due to the operation of the free market, it has been developing, will be inadequate and others have been encouraged by legis­ for the 80s. lation. The effect of legislation should not be KISSINGER LOOKS AT FUTURE I have said in the United States that if underestimated. In the past three Congresses OF NATO present trends continue, the 80s will be a more than 100 bills relating to energy have period of massive crisis for all of us. We have been enacted. Congress has increased assist­ reached this point not through the mistakes ance to mass transit systems, set a fuel­ HON. WM. S. BROOMFIELD of any single administration. Just as the saving and life-saving 55 mile-per-hour speed commitment to NATO is a bipartisan Amer­ limit, required all cars made in 1985 and OF MICHIGAN ican effort, the dilemmas that I would like to subsequent years to get 27.5 miles per gallon, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES put before this group-admittedly in a per­ mandated standards for greater efficiency in Wednesday, September 5, 1979 haps exaggerated form-have been growing home appliances, demanded that federal up over an extended period, partly as the re­ agencies work up energy conservation pro­ o Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, sult of American perceptions, partly as a re­ grams and assisted the states in doing the since its creation in 1949, the North At­ sult of European perceptions. same, decontrolled the price of oil and nat­ Nor is this to deny that NATO, by all of ural gas, accelerated the development of a lantic Treaty Organization has been of enormous value to both the United the standards of traditional alliances, has variety of alternative sources of energy, cre­ been an enormous success; to maintain a.n ated a national strategic petroleum reserve, States and the European community. alliance in peacetime without conflict for a fostered the exploration of oil shale deposits, That the west has remained free and generation is extremely rare in history. And raised oil production on federal lands, pro­ protected is in no small part attributable i:t is inherent in a process in which an alli­ vided for the careful exploitation of offshore to the alliance. Most importantly, NATO ance has been successful, in which deterrence reserves, and brought Alaskan oil into pro­ has denied the Soviet Cnion the oppor­ has operated, that no one will be able to duction. The private sector has played a prove why it has operated. Was it beca-use we major role in most, if not all, of these initia­ tunity to dominate Western Europe and tives. has provided the West with a sense of conducted the correct policy? Wa.s it because This is by no means a complete list, but security and confidence. However, if the the Soviet Union never had any intention to it should be sufficient to show that neither military imbalance in Europe is exacer­ attack us in the first place? Was it because Congress nor tlhe private sector has been of the policies of strength of some countries bated, the next several decades will be or the policies of accommodations of other "sitting on its hands" with respect to the most challenging to us all. energy problem. The initiatives have been countries? So, what I say should not be taken taken with my full support. Everyone would While attending the recent Brussels as a criticism either of any particular Amer­ agree, however, that much more needs to be conference on the future of NATO as ican administration (even granting that there done. The following are some initiatives that part of a study mission to Europe led by was one period of eight years in the past in I am continuing to push: CLEMENT J. ZABLOCKI, my distinguished which no mistakes were made) nor of any Gasohol: I support a bill to provide loan colleague and chairman of the Foreign specific policies of European nations but rather as an assessment of where we are guarantees for the construction of facilities Affairs Committee, I had the pleasure of to produce alcohol, with priority given to today. meeting with Dr. Henry Kissinger, the Let me first turn to the strategic situation. farmers. The bill would also expand research keynote speaker. I believe that his open­ grants and provide tax incentives for the The dominant fact o! the current military marketing of gasohol. ing statement at the conference, which situation is that the NATO countries are fall­ Synthetic fuel: I support a b111 that with­ examines the alliance's future strategic ing behind in every significant military cate­ in ten years could replace two mllllon barrels and conventional concerns, merits the gory with the possible exception of naval of oil per day with synthetic fuel. The blll attention of all my colleagues: forces where the gaip in our favor is closing. would offer financial incentives for the pro­ Never in history has it happened that a na­ NATO~THE NEXT 30 YEARS tion achieved superiority in all significant duction of "synfuel" through any acceptable (By Henry A. Kissinger) technology, whether coal gasiftcation or weapons' categories without seeking to trans­ liquifaction, extraction of oil from shale or It ls a somewhat strange phenomenon for late it at some point into some foreign pollcy tar sands, or conversion of garbage or crops me to talk to a NATO conference in Brussels benefit. It is, therefore, almost irrelevant to into alcohol. in the presence of so many old friends that debate whether there exists a Sovie

definition, or even what it actually means. aitions bill this afternoon, I would like MARCOS' OPPOSITION DEMANDS DISMANTLING 01' As for the Third World nations, now meet­ to bring to the attention of my colleagues THE BASES ing in Cuba, when I was in office I never the amount of money being requested by With unprecedented unanimity, a broad read their resolutions, I regret to tell you coalition of the democratic opposition in the which ls just as well because I might have the Marcos regime to permit the United States to continue using its Philippine Philippines recently demanded the disman­ said something rather nasty. But I would tling of the bases (see accompanying state­ think it is statistically impossible that over military bases-$500 million. ment). But we have unwisely chosen to the period that these Third World naitions I would like to share with my col­ align ourselves once again with a shaky, un­ have been meeting, the United States has leagues a statement signed by many well popular regime. Can we not learn from our never once done anything right despite the past mistakes and at this time heed the statistical improbability of that fact. Even known Americans opposed to this com­ mitment of U.S. tax dollars. aspirations of the nationalist opposition for by accident we're bound to do something genuine sovereignty? right. I defy anybody to read through these UNITED STATES AID TO THE PHILIPPINES documents to find one phrase on even the THE BASES: SPRINGBOARDS FOR INTERVENTION most minor thing that the United States SHOULD WE PAY $500 MILLION FOR USELESS Perhaps worst of all, the bases could serve has ever done. What are the prospects of MILITARY BASES IN THE PHILIPPINES? to entangle us in future interventionist wars. progress in a world in which the Cubans can In e.:i.rly January, the U.S. and Philippine They have been proposed for use in Korea, host the non-aligned conference. Governments concluded negot.iations on U.S. the Middle East and Africa. Our close ties to It seems to me a nostalgia, not a policy; military bases in the Philippines. President Marcos could also involve our 13,000 troops to appeal to radical elements in the Third Carter pledged to the repressive Marcos re­ stationect there in his territorial disputes World to change· their operational politics: gime his "best efforts" to secure congres­ with neighboring countries, or directly in­ they can not because of the radical elements sional approval of $500 mlllion in security ais­ volve us in defense of his regime from the required for its bargaining position, a po­ sistaince over the next five years. Yearly oper­ widespread rural and urban unrest that has sition between us and the Soviets and be­ ating expenses tota.I $200 million more. All developed in response to his failure to effec­ cause its ideology is hostile to us and there­ this for bases experts dismiss as nonessen­ tively address the social and economic ills of fore, paradoxically, the more we approach tial. his country. them the more they are likely to pull away ARE PHILIPPINE BASES VITAL TO OUR NATIONAL AN APPEAL TO PRESIDENT CARTER AND THE U.S. from us. SECURITY? CONGRESS I'm not saying we should not deal with the radical elements of the Third World or The Carter administration consistently op­ To reduce wasteful military spending and that we should not do the best we can in the poses human rights inspired cuts in aid to release funds that could meet human needs; Third World. All I'm saying is the Third the Marcos regime claiming that: "Continued to abide by our concern for human rights; to World is not our alibi, it is not our escape security assistance to the Philippines is a avoid another senseless interventionist war· route, we may not lose there but we are not critical faictor in assuring continued U.S. and out of respect for genuine Phillppin~ likely to win there by repeating their slo­ access to the important faieiHties at Clark sovereignty: We urge the Congress and Presi­ gans. Now what am I saying? This is not in­ Air Base and the Naval base at Subic Bay." dent Carter to immediately begin the re­ tended to be a depressing account of diffi­ Experts, however, dispute the alleged impoir­ moval of U.S. military bases from the Philip­ tance of the bases: culties. It is not to say that we have no pines, and to refrain from appropriating any favorable prospects. It is simply to point out "U.S. bases in the Philippines are· not es­ of our tax monies to the Marcos dictatorship. that problems neglected are crises invited. senti•al to the national defense of the United In the thirtieth year of NATO we have States." Rear Admiral Gene R . LaRocque, SIGNATORIES FOR STATEMENT "No TAX come far and have achieved our principal U.S. Navy (Ret.) DOLLARS" purpose. If we do not address ourselves im­ "The bases are at best of limited utili­ Eqbal Ahmad, Institute for Policy Studies.• mediately to at least some of the problems ty . . . the effort and cost associated with Hugh Aitken, Wm. Paterson College.• I have mentioned we will face the potential­ maintaining the bases are not necessarily Dr. William G. Alberts, Minister, The Com- ities of debacles. And the weird aspect of it commensurate with their potential military munity Church of Boston.* is that there is absolutely no necessity for benefits." Francis T. Underhill, former po­ Harald Bakken, University of Lowell.• it. The weird aspect is that the nations as­ litical counselor U.S. Embassy, Philippines; Marjorie Bakken, Wheelock College.• sembled in this room have three times the ex-Ambassador to Malaysia. Richard Barnet, Institute for Policy gross iational product of the Soviet Union "Sc·utheaist Asia is not in fact of much Studies.* and four times the population. The Soviet importance to American security and nothing Helen M. Bearsley, Women Int'l. League Union has leadership problems, social prob­ vital to the United States is dependent on the for Peace & Freedom.* lems, minority problems, all they have in outcome of political struggles within any Norma Becker, Chairwoman, War Resisters their favor is the ability to accumulate m111- country there. Nor is any majoT Amedcan League. tary powers and perhaps that only for a interest served by maintaining oases in or Piers Beirne, Asst. Professor of Sociolcgy, transitory period. defense pacts with any of them." Ge:orge University of Connecticut. So if one looks ahead for ten years and McT. Kahin, Professor of International Stud­ Jacqueline de Sieyes Bernard. if we do what is necessary, all the odds are ies, Cornell University. Daniel Berrigan, Jesuit Order.• in our favor. The challenges I have put be­ Philip Berrigan, Jonah House.• fore this· group do not indicate that we are THE DOMESTIC CONSEQUENCES: SOCIAL PROGRAM Betsy Beyler. bound to be in difficulties but only that CUTBACKS James Bethune. we can defeat ourselves and by contrast, one At oa time of high unemployment and Karl Eissinger, War Resisters League. can say we have an extraordinary opportu­ proposals of draistLc outbac~s in social pro­ Ann Blyberg, U.S. Coalition for Develop- nity to rally our people, to define new posi­ grams, lavishing huge sums of money on a ment Action.• tive programs even for negotiations with diotaitor flor military bases of doubtful utility Louise Bruyn, Mob111zatlon for Survival.• the East if we do what is necessary. Or to is tra,gically immoral and the height of fis­ Kenneth Nelll Cameron. put it another way, our adversaries are really cal lrresponsibillty. Could we not better Charles Cell, University of Wisconsin.• not in control of their own future. Their spend $500 million for basic human needs­ Prof. Norman Chance, Dept. of Anthropol- system and their conditions in many ways like jobs, housing, education, health care, ogy, University of Conn. make them victims of their past. We around and care for the elderly and disabled? Frank Shaffer Corona, D.C. Board of Edu- cation.• this table are in the extraordinary position ....• AND RUNAWAY SHOPS that we can decide a positive future for our­ David Cortwright. selves if we are willing to make the effort The Americain taxpayer should not sub­ Margery w. Davies. We are in the position to say that the sidize a diotiatorship that exacerbates the Chandler Davis, University of Toronto. kind of world in which we want to live is runaway shops problems by luring foreign Shelton H. Davis, Director, Anthropology largely up to us. corporations with ·strike bans and union­ Resource Center. busting (resulting in a $1.50 peT day mini­ Thank you very much.e Richard L. Deats, Fellowship of Reconcilia­ mum wage), and special tax breaks detrimen­ tion.• tal to the a.veraige Flliplno. Ralph Dlgla, War Resisters League. MUST WE ESCALATE AID TO A DICTATOR? Peter Dreier, Asst. Professor of Sociology, Tufts University. UNITED STATES AID TO THE International organizations, including Am­ Joanna Fabris, West Main Books. nesty International, have ex·tensively docu­ PHILIPPINES Fr. Carl Fell, US. Catholic Mission Coun­ mented torture and repression in the Philip­ cil. • pines. Even the State Department concurs. ~ ~rof. Philip S. Foner, Lincoln University, HON. RONALD V. DELLUMS Marcos' atrocious human rights record has .::-a so moved the Congress that for the past two OF CALIFORNIA years it has voted to reduce mllitary aid to Ann Froines, University r:>f Massachusetts.• IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Philippines. In the face of such Congres­ Joseph Carl Gerson, New England Amer­ sional disapproval, Pres. Carter has over­ ican Friends Service Committee.• Wednesday, September 5, 1979 . Harvey Goldberg, Dept. of History, Univer­ stated our interests in the Ph111ppines­ sity of Wisconsin.• • Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, as we justifying increased support to an old discuss the foreign assistance appropri- customer. *For identification only. 23432 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 6, 1979 David Goldw.ay, Science and Society. Bill Ramsey, American Friends Service eration. Neither will bilateral efforts Paul R. Gregory, United Church Board for Committee, SE.* made on a country-by-country basis. World Ministries.• Earl Ravenal, Institute for Policy Studies.• Dr. George Gregoriou, Dept. of Political Howard A. Reed, Prof. of History, Univer- Rather, we must recognize that we, as Science, William College, N.J. • sity of Connecticut. t~e perpetrators of nuclear power, have Rev. Hope Douglas Harle, Baltimore C1El1'gy Edwin 0. Reischauer, Harvard University. llttle credibility as peace-seekers when and Laity Concerned. Terence Ripmaster, Asso. Professor, Wm. we exclude ourselves from the limita­ Burton Hatlen, Dept. of English, Univer­ Paterson College, NJ. tions we seek to impose on others. If we sity of Maine.* Jack L. Roach, University of Connecticut. are sincere about reducing the dangers, W. James HaUaker, Wash.-N. Idaho Con­ Bruce D. Rubenstein. we end up, finally, with only one serious ference, United Church of Christ.* John Russell, Local 525 Amalgamated Meat option: That is to renounce the use of Travis Hedrick, Middletown College.• Cutters Union, NC.• Rev. Eugene A. Hessel, Minister, United Dr. Stuart A. Schlegel, Chairman, Anthro­ nuclear weapons. And clearly, it is the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A.• pology, University of California, Santa Cruz. superpowers who must lead the way: Saddle Hughley, V.P., WILPF, Durham­ D. Boone Schirmer, National Coordinator, only then will the Pakistanis, the Chapel Hill. Friends of the Filipino People. Israelis, the South Africans, or the Rita J. Immerman, Asst. Professor, Wm. Harry M. Scoble, Human Rights Internet.• numerous other potential atomic pow­ Peterson College.* Stephen R. Shalom, Wm. Paterson College. ers,. ever be convinced by the legitimacy, Robert Jay, Brown University.• Prof. Carole Sheffield, Wm. Paterson College. Josephine Simon. equity .and security of our arguments. George Met. Kahin, Aaron L. Binencorb During the recent recess, Don Ober­ Professor of International Studies, Cornell Mitch Snyder, Community for Creative University. Non-Violence.• dorfer of the Washington Post wrote an Rev. A. D. Kirkpatrick, Black Theology Mark Solomon, Professor of History, Sim­ excellent article which traces the legal Project of America. ons College, Boston. and political loopholes which allowed Prof. Len Krimerman, Federation for Eco­ Prof. Robert B. Stauffer, University of Pakistan to acquire the components and nomic Democracy-Conn. Chapter.* Hawaii. technology necessary to make a bomb; Stanley Kyriatides, Professor of Political Burton Stern, Dept. of History, University of Hawaii. it discusses Pakistan's fears and deci­ Science, Wm. Paterson College. sion to go ahead with production; and Frances Moore La.ppe, Institute for Food Dirk J. Struik, MIT Emeritus Professor. and Development Policy.• Paul M. Sweezy, Editor, Monthly Review.• it discusses the lack of power, and the Prof. Bruce D. Larkin, University of Cal­ May Alice Theiler, National Lawyers Guild.• resultant feeling of frustration, of the Leonard Vogt, Wm. Paterson College. "nuclear club,'' including the United ifornia, Santa Cruz.* Jean Linde Wagner, WILPF, North Caro- Jane Leiper, Associate Director, Washing­ States, Britain, France and China, to lina.• ton Office, National Council of Churches.* George Wald, Nobel Laureate, Physiology, stop Pakistan's "march toward the Ed Luidens, Director, East Asia & Pacific Medicine, 1967. bomb." · Ocean, Division of Overseas Ministry, Na­ Peter Weiss, Center for Constitutional The article, from the August 27 edi­ tional Council of Churches.• Rights.• tion of the Washington Post, is an ex­ S. E. Luri.a. Donald Wesling, University of California, cellent summary of events outrunning Florence H. Luscomb. San Diego. Arthur MacEwan, Dept. of Economics, Uni­ diplomacy. I ask unanimous consent to Rev. Chester L. Wickwire, Chaplain, Johns insert it in the RECORD: versity of Massachusetts.• Hopkins University. Dr. Evelyn Mattern, Director, Peace & Jus­ Rev. Paul Wilson, Intl. Human Rights Pro­ !PAKISTAN; THE QUEST FOR ATOMIC °BOMB tice Center, Catholic Diocese Raleigh, North gram, Christian Church (Disciples of Christ); PROBLEM DISCUSSED BY WEST, MOSCOW, PEKING Carolina.• Chairman, Church Coalition For Human (By Don Oberdorfer) Fr. Jerome McKenna, Director, Social Con­ Rights in the Philippines. Behind an eight-foot-high stone wall near cerns Office, Passionist Fathers Chureh Coali­ Laurie S. Wiseberg, Human Rights Inter­ tion for Human Rights in the Philippines. the sleepy town of Kahuta, 25 miles from net.• Pakistan's c.apital of Islamabad, a clock is David McRenolds, War Resisters League. Prof. Howard Zinn, Boston University.e Belinda Adriano McAnn, Natl. Board, Wo­ ticking for mankind. men's International League for Peace & Free­ Within three to five years by officia United dom.* States estimate, and soonea- in the reckoning Rev. Joyce L. Manson, Human Rights for MCPL NUCLEAR ALERT SERIES: V of some, the heavily guarded industrial plant Asia.• under construction there will produce Rev. Thomas J. Marti, Coordinator, Justice enough highly enriched uranium for Pakis­ & Peace Office, Maryknoll Fathers.• HON. FORTNEY H. (PETE) STARK twn to explode an atomic bomb. A mushroom cloud rising from a test site Michael Moffit, Institute for Policy OF CALIFORNIA Studies.• in that undeveloped and unstable nation TN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES would have powerful repercussions on the Eugene Moore, Unity on the Left, Middle­ town, Ct. Wednesday, September 5, 1979 world O'f the 1980s. It would be nearly cer­ tain to bring about a nuclear arms race be­ Ph111p Morrison, Massachusetts Institute • Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, despite all tween Pakistan and neighboring India ·and of Technology.• would pose a constant threat that, fOT the Rev. H. C. Mulholland, Pastor, Mother of the negotiations and all the debate, the dangers of nuclear proliferation are first time since Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Mercy Church, NC. 1945, nuclear weapons actually would be ex­ Sis. Annette Mulry, Office of Social Con­ growing, not lessening. ploded to kill. cern, Maryknoll Sisters.• As one of the Members of Congress for A Pakistani nuclear bomb also would be Steve Nelson. Peace Through Law, and as one who a grave setback to the international effort to Kenneth J. Neubeck, Asso. Professor of visited Pakistan last month to witness stop or slow down the spread of atomic Sociology, University of Connecticut. the latest country to be discovered to weapons. In the view of seve·ral experts, it Joan H. Nicholson. would be an important milestone on the Weldon Nisly, Coordinator, Discipleship be nearing atomic capability, I question whether any of our present initiatives way to a world of "the nucle;ar ·armed Workshops.• crowd," Where a long list of nations and pos­ Lila Garner Noble, San Jose State Univer­ for peace-ranging from SALT to bi­ sibly even sUJbnation:al terrorist groups could sity. lateral negotiations or talks with other threaten their enemies and everyone ~lse Richard Ohrmann, Wesleyan University. countries-will lead us a way from the with nuclear weapons. Susan Gushee O'Malley, City University of nuclear threat we now face. In. view of the momentous consequences, New York. The Pakistanis say they fear India's it is not surprising that the United States Norman G. Owen, Dept. of History, Univer- nuclear power. India, in turn, fears that and several other goveirnments recently have sity of Michigan. - of China. China fears the Soviets. And pl1aced Pakistan high on their agenda of Joseph V. Owens, Unity on .the Left. problems. President Carter and Soviet PreSii­ the Soviets, of course, fear us. dent Leonid Brezihnev inconclusively dis­ Sidney Peck, Clark University. Obviously the danger of Pakistan de­ Penelope M. Poor, United Methodist cussed P.akistan's nuclear n this group who met with parents at their homes pathies. We know they will be consoled occasion in congratulating Michael to make things work for all the children. and gratified by the great accomplish­ Blankfort on his achievements and to "She was terrific," Miss Tannen said. ments of this outstanding American. His wish him well for the future.• Mrs. Weiner had worked for the Demo­ cratic Party as a precinct leader in the Coral exemplary life, love for his fellow man Gables area.e and high professionalism greatly merit the respect and admiration of the Mem­ bers of the U.S. Congress.• KATHY L. WEINER A TRIBUTE TO SAMUEL I. HON. CHARLES E. BENNETT NEWHOUSE A SYMBOL OF CHAOS: THE GAS OF FLORIDA PUMP IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. FRANK J. GUARINI Wednesday, September 5, 1979 OF NEW JERSEY HON. LARRY McDONALD • Mr. BENNETT. Mr. Speaker, as dean IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF GEORGIA of the Florida delegation in Congress it Wednesday, September 5, 1979 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is my sad responsibility to report to you e Mr. GUARINI. Mr. Speaker, on Wednesday, September 5, 1979 that our good colleague WILLIAM LEHMAN Wednesday, August 29, 1979, Samuel I. e Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, the lost his beloved daughter Kathy last Newhouse, publisher, died at the age of rush to blame the OPEC countries for Wednesday after a long and painful bout 84. Today, I ask my colleagues to join our energy woes is incorrect. Nations with cancer. All of us have the Lehman in this salute to Mr. Newhouse, a modern which import virtually 100 percent of and Weiner families in our prayers and Horatio Alger in the truest and finest their oil are surviving nicely, such as hope that their knowledge of the fine sense of the word. Japan and West Germany. The OPEC deeds of this young lady may give them Mr. Newhouse, at the time of his death, nations, most of whom depend upon some comfort in their grief. had interests in the Jersey Journal of earning dollars with which to purchase September 6, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 23437 imports are also feeling the effects of in­ sive publicity campaigns government offi­ their own currency for any quantity of Arab flation and the weakening of the dollar cials and politicians point the finger of oil they may wish to acquire. Our monetary on the international scene. Thus, to a blame at one or several culprits who are bit­ authorities may create any amount without great degree they need increased oil rev­ terly denounced for selfishly causing the cost, and thus facilitate the payment of shortages. In televised press conferences the Arabs with newly created money. That is, enues. The answer to the energy problem President of the United States himself may they can avail themselves of inflation as a is not conservation of decreasing. make ugly charges against oil producers, or tool of international finance, which partially amounts of fuel, but increased produc­ any other producers whose regulated services shifts the burden of rising oil costs from the tion. We should be working to get infla­ are in short supply. Or he may point at some energy users to inflation victims. Thus the tion under control and decontrol of the foreigners e.g ., the Arabs, as the culprits who United States can victimize the Arabs them­ energy industry in general. Once both sinisterly inflicted the evil on us. selves, who own large dollar balances, by steps are achieved, the energy problem When unhampered individual enterprise exporting inflation in exchange for Arab oil. generates surpluses, there are no press con­ It is obvious that such objectionable de­ will solve itself. Prof. Hans Sennholz, ferences, no headlines and no charges. The who heads the economics department of vices of international finance do not make public looks at them with indifference in a for international peace and harmony. Since Grove City College in Pennsylvania re­ mood of affluence that comes from choice the United States was exporting inflation cently wrotE. a very perceptive article on and selection. The preS(i ignores them al­ long before the oil producers combined to this problem. It appeared in the Freeman though it prospers from the paid advertise­ form an international oil cartel, we may for August 1979 and I commend it to the ments that seek to market the products. understand the Arab reaction that led to attention of my colleagues. Radio and television thrive on advertisement OPEC. To them, joint action afforded the campaigns that pay for the amusement and The article follows: only way to adjust the price of oil to the entertainment of the public. ever-rising demand for oil payable in de­ A SYMBOL OF CHAOS: THE GAS PUMP But all such reflections may reveal mere preciating dollars. After all, there was no (By Hans F. Sennholz) coincidences that have no bearing on the energy crisis. Perhaps the politicians are cor­ free and open Arab oil market on which the Until just a few years ago most people daily demand and supply determined the were indifferent to all questions of energy. rect in pointing at the OPEC countries for price. charging too much, at the oil companies for They were as heedless of the very industry seeking ever higher profits, and at the pub­ UNDER GOVERNMENT MANAGEMENT AND that produces heat and power as of many lic for consuming too much. CONTROL other industries meeting their daily needs. In that direction of deliberation lies a wide The OPEC oil industry is a nationalized Surely they were aware of basic materials open sea of arbitrary judgments. What is such as wood, coal, gas or oil burned to industry owned and managed by the member "too much" ? Millions of people are giving governments. They legislate every aspect o! produce heat and kinetic energy. But the different answers to this very question term "energy industry" was yet unknown. the industry from the allowable quota of throughout their busy days. They are mak­ production to the price of the product, and Even the dictionaries of economics designed ing their choices as they are consuming oil to include the terms commonly used in col­ determine who may buy under what condi­ and gas for heat, refrigeration and air con­ tions, and so forth. Theirs is a political proc­ lege courses listed neither energy nor the ditioning, turning on electric lights, oper­ energy industry. It was left to the 1970s to ess that is very slow to adjust. When com­ ating power tools, or driving up to the serv­ pared with the market process that facilitates call attention to the industry and bring us ice station to tank up on gasoline. They are the energy crises. adjustments from day to day, yea, minute giving vivid answers to the question in long to minute, the political process of managing In retrospect there were earlier indications lines waiting to buy more fuel. We must an industry and marketing its products may of things to come. By 1970 there was a United not blithely ignore or reject their answers, appear irrational although its political plan­ States Department of Transportation, a Fed­ nor those given by the oil companies or ners are deliberate in devising their plans eral Power Commission, and an Atomic OPEC spokesmen. and adopting their policies. Energy Commission. In 1973 Congress added If millions of people are said to be wrong In such a world of politics that seeks to the Federal Energy Administration to cen­ wanting too much, is it not likely that the manage nationalized industries, there is con­ tralize all regulatory functions relating to critic who is censuring them is judging too fusion and chaos-unless the governments oil. The Energy Research and Development much? Is he proposing to change human na­ a.s owners agree on a common plan and act Administration came into existence in 1974. ture by his criticism? Or, is he a would-be jointly to restore some semblance of order. In October 1977, the Department of Energy tyrant who is longing to impose his judg­ The international cartel arrangement is a brought all these governmental functions ment and will on others? To explain the en­ natural manifestation of a world economy togethef into a single organization under the ergy crisis in terms of ·value judgments or in which export industries are government direction of a Secretary of Energy. culprit condemnations is to open the gates owned and operated. It also points up the This observation of demonstrable facts for arbitrary judgment and political power. growing danger of international conflict raises a fundamental question: was the IS OPEC CAUSING THE FUEL CRUNCH? through world-wide socialism. growth of government intervention in all Such an explanation also leads to puzzling It is idle speculation to deliberate on the matters of energy the cause or effect of the conclusions that seem to contradict human world market of oil if market forces were painful crisis that developed during the nature. If the Arab oil producers are causing unhampered and free to determine prices. 1970s? If it can be proven that government our dilemma, why are they not accomplish­ If there were no OPEC, no nationalized oil intervention brought about the dilemma in ing identical, or at least similar, effects on industry, and no Department o! Energy reg­ which we find ourselves today, the solution other nations? It is an established fact that ulating and fixing United States production­ can be no other than early reduction and they are treating their customers equally, just unhampered markets and unrestrained ultimate abolition of this harmful inter­ charging identical prices and surcharges. But competition-the energy world would be vention. But if the causes are found to be we know of no energy crisis other than ours. quite different. Surely, the price of oil would elsewhere, and the growth of government There are no reports of empty gasoline be much lower without the staggering costs was merely a reaction to a new situation, we pumps in Europe, Africa, Asia, or Latin of politics. And there would be no energy need to search for other solutions. America, no empty oil tanks anywhere, ex­ crisis. SURPLUSES AND SHORTAGES cept in these United States of America. ARE THE OIL COMPANIES GOUGING THE PUBLIC? Our search for an objective answer calls This observation is all the more startling To many critics, Arab behavior alone does to mind a basic principle of political econ­ as most of the oil we consume comes from not explain the energy crisis. They are point­ wells within our national borders, while omy that may be applicable also to energy ing at the oil companies whose profits have problems: whenever unhampered enterprise most foreign countries, such as Germany and been rising in recent years. Most politicians provides products and services, it tends to Japan, lack any domestic production. And and even the President of the United States create surpluses that clear the market only yet, they are prospering although the price are openly denouncing the "disgraceful" and through major sales campaigns. Its advertis­ of Arab oil has soared in those countries "exorbitant" profits and are demanding a ing message to the consuming public is to too. Surely, they too feel the pinch of rising tough "windfall profits" tax. Some politicians buy ever more and better products. Wherever energy costs, which reduces their productiv­ even are clamoring for a speedy expropria­ government provides products and services, ity and income by corresponding a.mounts. tion and nationalization of the companies. it invariably creates shortages that incon­ Rising oil costs necessitate many changes It is difficult to ignore this crescendo of venience the public and sometimes bnng in goods prices and readjustments of produc­ cheap demagoguery, which, when left un­ tion patterns. But they do not breed an economic crises. Wherever government is in answered, may lead to most harmful and energy crisis that threatens to disrupt eco­ regrettable legislation. Every effort must be charge, its advertising message is always the nomic production and reduces standards o! same: consume less, eat less, drive less, let made to refute and explode the political prop­ living severely. aganda and repeal the politicians who are there be austerity! This has not changed Our energy crisis is all the more mysterious from the wheat and bread shortages of 1918 anxious to extend their influence and power. inasmuch as OPEC is accepting the United Their attacks on the profits of one industry to the gasoline shortages of 1979. States dollar as its primary medium of ex­ actually are attacks on the profits of all Where government is in charge and short­ change. Other buyers of Arab oil must scra.m­ industries and on the profit system it10elf. ages inconvenience the public, we can ob­ ble to earn dollars first before they can place Just listen to their charges against the ener­ serve yet another regularity. Through inten- oil purchase orders. But Americans can use gy industry. You will search in vain for a 23438 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 6, 1979 difference between those charges and those tion. Similarly, the workers employed bj limitations of storage facilities he would leveled. against the private property order profitable enterprises enjoy higher wages and cause all production to be withheld from the by the professional socialists and commu­ more benefits than others less fortunate who market. nists around the world. happen to work for employers suffering Unfortunately, this is not just a theoreti­ It is rather inconsistent and therefore losses. cal exercise for freshman economists. This most puzzling that American politicians Exceptionally high profits can only be is the official policy of the United States should be the most vocal critics of an in­ reaped through the correct anticipation of Government, or at least t he loudly touted dustry that has been under their careful changes. When a change in market condi­ program of the present administration. It supervision and control. After all, the Nixon tions, e.g., in demand, supply, technology, touches 200 million Americans and threatens price control edict of August 15, 1971, was institutional restrictions, international sit­ their way of life. It is an efficient policy in never lift ed from the energy industry. Even uations, and the like, necessitates quick re­ creat ing shortages, as our experience at the today the ceil.J.ng prices as set by the Depart­ adjustments in production, the most alert gasoline pumps so clearly demonst rates. As a ment of Energy are posted on every gasoline producer who correctly anticipates the policy designed to improve economic condi­ pump in the country. changes and makes prompt preparations, t ions it is counterproductive. The resultant The political attacks on the very indus­ may reap high entrepreneurial profits. His chaos and damage is just as real, whether t he try that . under a heavy barrage of regula­ alertness and prompt action redound to the policy is the poisonous fruit of socialist ic tions and denunciations, continues to pro­ benefit of the publ~. In short, he who ad­ t hinking, or just a relic of the Dark Ages .• viae us with energy remind us of some dresses himself to the most urgent needs gruesome tales of human behavior during the of the public tends to earn the greatest re­ Dark Ages. When the black death was stalk­ wards, which, as an economic principle of ing Europe, public sentiment was often the market order, meets our criterion of THE ENERGY FOLLIES OF 1979 aroused against those people who bravely justice. In an energy crisis, we expect the sought t o alleviate the suffering, comfort­ most efficient energy producer to earn the ing the dying and healing the sfck. highest profits, as we would expect physi­ HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK Thousands of aging women who survived. cians and nurses to earn highest incomes in the disaster were accused. of precipitating a public health crisis. To burn them at the OF OHIO t he disease through witchcraft and were stake of political demagoguery is prepos­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES put to a cruel death. Similar forces ·of dark­ terous. ness now accuse the American oil ind ustry, Wednesday, September 5, 1979 which provided the people with an abun­ IT IS SO EASY TO CREATE A SHORTAGE o Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, it dance of cheap energy for most of this cen­ The public hostility against business profits tury, of creating the shortage in OTder to has brought chaos to .the fuel pump. It has seems like there is no end to the incred­ rea.p ever higher profits in a moment of na­ given rise to ever more government regula­ ible tales of incompetence that spew tional crisis. Surely, no person will be put to tion, which is the root cause of the energy forth from the Carter White House. The death. merely our economic order. crisis. Politics has become hopelessly en­ month of August supposed to be a time At the trial of the private property order tangled in the production and distribution when nothing happens in Washington, the defense is point ing out that the Gov­ of energy. yet this administration managed two ernment of the United States is enforcing In 1954 the Supreme Court set the tone major energy bloopers with most of its energy prices that are arbitrary and con­ by giving the Federal Power Commission con­ first and second string incompetents out fiscatory. They are fixed. below those prices trol over natural gas prices in interstate free people would choose to pay if there were commerce. These controls at first did not of town. It goes to show that Mr. Carter no mandated ceilings. That is to say, the hamper production because they did not has all but cornered the market on some Government is forcing energy producers to deviate by much from prices established by of America's finest examples of the sell their pro:iucts and services below their the demand and supply forces of the market. Peter Principle in operation. objective exchange values and thereby But during the 1960s, the United States Gov­ The two examples of how Mr. Carter causes the producers to be gouged. on a mas­ ernment legislated significant increases in and company are assuring our energy de­ sive s cale. If a company tires of this legis­ demand and boosts in production costs. En­ pendence range from Iran to just across lat ed plunder and for a moment should vironmental restrictions and pollution regu­ ignore t he price edict, it is hauled into court lations that discourage the burning of coal, our southern border. In both situations and charged with consumer gouging. That is, favoring the use of gas and low-sulfur fuel the United States managed to squander the political gougers are taking the victims oil, mandated increases in consumption and valuable bargaining chips at the nego­ to court and accusing them of the very crime made production much more expensive. In tiating table, and in one case, throw that is perpetrated against them. I! there addition, the inflationary policies of the Gov­ away valuable energy resources as well. were justice in the court of public opinion, ernment eroded the purchasing power of the The facts are still surfacing in both the charges would be promptly dismissed dollars received by energy producers. cases, but there is enough information and the persecutors would be arrested for In 1971, President Nixon placed domes•-.1c at hand to begin to shape the parameters expropriating private property without due crude oil under price control as part of his process. overall price-stop edict. While many other of August's antics. MEXICO DOWN THE DRAIN GROUNDLESS CHARGES harmful controls were subsequently lifted, The charges against the energy companies the price fixing of domestic oil and gas was In 1972 the Petroleos Mexicanos are based on the crude assumption that continued. His successors continued to fix Richard Nixon. Bryce N. Harlow has tion, or are you part of the problem?" Mr. the most worthwhile persons I have ever been called in to help plan the Republican Harlow had firm views on public issues. But, known. Bryce N. Harlow served as chief administration that will take office in Janu­ basically, he was a solver of problems. Wash­ clerk of the House Armed Services Com­ ary. Mr. Harlow tells the story: ington's job, I'm sure he felt, was to defend "I'm there in this room, phones ringing, the nation and improve the lot of the citi­ mittee under chairmen of both parties. jumping off the walls. Suddenly over runs a zenry rather than to turn legislation into He left Capitol Hill to become one of the little twinkle-eyed secretary. She says, 'Mr. moral imperatives. most valuable staff members in the Harlow, President Johnson's calling.' I cut Yet others have been skilled in negotia­ Eisenhower administration. off who I was talking to and I said, 'Yes, Mr. tions, practical persons of modest mien. I first met Bryce Harlow shortly after President ... yuppi yup, yuppity yup, yes Ultimately, what made him the greatest the beginning of my congressional serv­ sir .. .' And over runs the little twinkle­ power broker of his era-at least in the Re­ eyed secretary. I put my hand over the re­ publican party-was that he was worthy of ice in 1953. He was extremely patient in ceiver. 'Yes, what do you want?' 'President enduring the foibles of all Members of trust. He reported each side accurately to Eisenhower is calling.' 'Tell him I'm talking the other. He did not promise what he Congress, particularly the members of to the President and I'll call him right back, could not deliver. He delivered what he that rowdy Republican freshman class or if he prefers, we'll put him on 'hold.' Be­ promised. He made no cutting comments in the 83d Congress. Our friendship has lieve me, we put President Eisenhower on in drawing rooms or gossip columns. No op­ always been one of my prized posses­ hold. Now I've got the President [on the ponent's motives were ever called into ques­ sions. After becoming minority leader line J, got the former President waiting. In tion. Surely there are lessons here for those of the House of Representatives, I fre­ runs Larry Higby, and he says, 'Mr. Harlow. who are now asking why government doesn't Mr. Harlow,' very imperiously. 'The Presi­ work.e quently called Bryce and asked to meet dent-elect wants you in his office imme­ him for breakfast to talk over matters diately.'" which I found particularly puzzling. His Who is this Harlow whose counsel was once broad knowledge of the Government and CONGRESSMAN GREEN CITES PUB­ demanded simultaneously by a former presi­ LIC SUPPORT FOR GUN CONTROL the people involved therein, his insight dent, a present president, and a future presi­ into the workings of the business commu­ dent? nity, and his good commonsense helped Bryce Harlow has retired in the past year HON. S. WILLIAM GREEN me over many rough spots. from business and public life, and it seems OF NEW YORK Perhaps the greatest and most unself­ like an appropriate time to recall a remark- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ish contribution made to our Govern­ able person. But my purpose is not merely to pay tribute. There is instruction here on Thursday, September 6, 1979 ment by Bryce Harlow came about as a how government ought to operate. For Mr. result of a dinner at a private home in Harlow's career is a reminder that govern- • Mr. GREEN. Mr. Speaker, last year at Washington in the spring of 1973. Robert ment can only function well if the relations this time I shared with our colleagues 23452 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 6, 1979 the results of a public opinion poll show­ and congressional action is long overdue. HUBBARD STREET FIRE FUND ing widespread support for Federal gun I am hopeful that the Members of the control legislation. This year during our House will respond to the sentiments of recent August district work period, the the people, as reflected in this poll, and HON. MARTY RUSSO results of a new ABC News-Harris sur­ will give serious attention to substantive OF ILLINOIS vey were released and they show that gun control legislation in this Congress.• IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES most Americans continue to support Thursday, September 6, 1979 handgun control by a wide margin. As one who feels strongly about this issue •Mr. RUSSO. Mr. Speaker, there are and as a cosponsor of legislation to im­ TRIBUTE TO EDGAR HARDEN some people back in my town of Chicago pose mandatory minimum sentences for that deserve to be congratulated on a job felonies committed with a handgun and well done. The story of what they have to require registration of all firearms, I HON. BOB CARR accomplished deserves to be studied as would like to draw attention to the re­ OJ' MICHIGAN an example of what can happen when you combine compassion and generous sults of this latest Poll. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES hearts with specific goals and a practical By a 78 to 20 percent majority, Ameri­ Thursday, September 6, 1979 approach to providing assistance to cans favor "a Federal law requiring that • Mr. CARR. Mr. Speaker, Edgar those in need. all handguns people own be registered "Kup's Column" speaks for itself. I by Federal authorities." The massive Harden, retiring president of Micihigan State University, served his university know my colleagues join with me in com­ majority backing of gun control con­ mending all those involved with the Fire­ tinues at the same high level it has main­ community with uncommon distinction for 2 years. Called unexpectedly to lead men's Fund. tained over the past several years, de­ The article follows: spite the fact that effective gun control the university, he responded with energy legislation has been thwarted in Con­ and commitment and led Michigan State [From the Chicago Sun Times, July 30, 1979) gress. University out of a period of lethargy KuP's COLUMN into an era bright with promise. In an This is the story of a tragedy that cast a In fact, Americans would like to go fur­ editorial comment telecast over W JIM­ pall of gloom over Our Town 18 years ago. ther than simply registering handguns. TV, Lansing, Mich., on July 25, Walter It's a story with a happy ending, if there By 72 to 26 percent, a solid majority fa­ Adams, a past president of Michigan can be any happiness in a fire that took the vors "Federal laws which control the sale State University, singled out for praise lives of nine Chicago firemen. That was the of guns, such as making all persons regis­ the accomplishment of Edgar Harden, Hubbard St. fire on Jan. 28, 1961, in which ter all gun purchases, no matter where the nine deaths were the most in modern citing particularly his leadership capac­ Fire Department history. No sooner had the the purchases are made." This level of ity. I would like to share with my col­ backing for comprehensive gun control news of the devastating fire reached the pub­ leagues Professor Adams' remarks: lic than Blll Veeck was on the phone to this legislation has remained about the same reporter with a suggestion that "something throughout the 1970's. But according to SALUTE TO A LEADER (Guest editorial by Dr. We.lter Adams, tele­ must be done for the families of those fire­ the ABC News-Harris survey of 1,496 cast over WJIM-TV, Lansing, Mich., July men." adults nationwide, it is higher than the 25, 1979 (6 p.m. and 11 p.m. news) Let me refresh your memories by recalling 66 to 28 percent who felt the same way I'm Walter Adams, and this ls a guest the names of the firemen who died that about registration of gun purchases in edltorle.l. night. Requlescat in pace Hillard F. Augus­ 1967. Ours ls a time remarkably devoid or lead­ tine, Robert E. Burns, William F. Hillistad, In addition, this sample was asked: ership-a period in which plastic person­ George E. Kuhn, Charles F. Rauch, George R. alities with pedestrian minds and opaque Rees, Lt. Louis Repkin, Stanley M. Sliwinski If a candidate for Congress in your district hearts are in charge of giant organizatlons­ and Cyril Zuccarello.... Veeck's phone call took a stand opposed to Federal registration ln government and politics, in industry and started a chain reaction. The next day, the of handguns, would you vote against that in education. Ours ls the age of the bureau­ Firemen's Fund was established by this col­ candidate mainly because of his stand on crat-the administrator rather ,than the umn. And in no time, we had offers to assist gun control, or not? (Base: Favor Federal leader, the paper shuftler rather than the from Fire Comr. Bob Quinn, Pat Hoy, Joe law requiring registration of handguns.) innovator, the manager rather tha.n the Meegan, Arthur Morse and, of course, Veeck. thinker and doer. They, along with this reporter, constituted [In percent! A notable exception ls Dr. Edgar L. Harden, the committee to administer the fund. Dea.th MSU's 15th President, whose stellar perform­ has taken its toll here, too, and Quinn, Hoy and Morse have gone to their reward. Vote Not vote ance these last two years wm leave an in­ against against Not sure delible mark on Michigan's largest university. Ohicagoa.ns, stricken by the enormity of His obvious achievements are fam111ar the firemen's death toll, responded with con­ enough: He restored morale e.nd enthusiasm tributions that totaled $90,000. The commit­ June 1979 ______29 July 1978 ______63 8 to a megaversity seemingly adrift in uncer­ tee asked the First National Bank to handle 33 57 10 tainty, lethargy, and purposelessness.... the money, and the bank replied that it not He was magically successful in stimulating only would heed our request "pro bono pub­ If a candidate for Congress in your district the financial generosity of the legisla­ lico" ("for the good of the public," which took a stand in favor of Federal registration ture. . . . He brought the triple crown to means no charge), but also would assign a of handguns, would you vote against that East Lansing-in footbe.11, basketball, and top executive, George B. Rogers, as its rep­ candidate mainly because of his stand on resentative on the committee. He, too, has baseball-a feat unprecedented in MSU since passed on. . . . Many suggestions on gun control, or not? (Base: Oppose Federal athletics. law requiring registration of handguns.) how to disburse the money were studied. One More important, however, he displayed a was to divide the funds equally among the t.e.lent for tapping the better instincts and fIn percent! nine widows. Another was to allocate the nobler idea.ls of people-a talent for making money according to need. Still another was to them transcend narrow self-interest and apportion the money according to the num­ Vote Not vote against against Not sure jurisdictional jealousies-to work for a com­ ber of survivors. mon goal. He articulated a vision of MSU's The final decision was the best one-to June 1979 ______purpose and mission, and inspired divergent use the funds solely for the education of the 37 54 children of the dead firemen. This, the com­ July 1978 ______:_ 45 50 groups to help him move that vision closer to realization. Approachable and accessible-­ mittee decided, would be the most pressing with perennial bonhomie-he was open to demand on the fammes down through the Thus, as Pollster Louis Harris con­ the ideas of friends a.nd critics alike, but years. Other funds, like insure.nee a.nd Fire cluded: never sought the shelter of committees to Department provisions, would take ca.re of If Congress were to pass legislation con­ the fam111es' immediate financial problems. avoid decisions or to shrink from action. Education is costly ·and a long process. trolling handguns, and those who voted for Big Ed was a leader because-no matter it were wllllng to make their vote a major Thirteen children were the beneficiaries where the battle raged-he stood tall in the of the fund. The Augustlnes had three­ issue in their campaigns, it ls likely that the front ranks of his battalions, and nevE!'l" can Gary, Gall and Sandra. The Burns famlly issue would help rather than hinder s~h 1t be said of him that "palsied hands were had three-Robert, Debra, and Dawn. The candidates. fumbling with the reins of empire." Hllllstads also had three-Wllllam. Daniel The need for such legislation is great At least, that's the wa.y I see it.e and Ralph. The Zuccarellos had two-Cathi September 6, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 23453 and Paul. There was one Reese child, Carol pounds of the same material in a room adJa.:­ in economics, in national security, in Ann, and one Repkin, Allan. There were cent to the room in which the explosion oc­ energy. Certainly an integrated approach other children of the dead firemen, but they curred did not detonate. This accident is either were beyond school age or had no not widely known because there was much has been terribly lacking in the pres­ need for financial help. stricter security at the time the incident oc­ ent administration which gives the im­ This is where Meegan, executive secretary curred. It is possible now to relate more about pression its decisions are made in a of the Back of the Yards Council, became this accident and a few significant lessons vacuum. the stalwart of the fund. He and one of his that were learned from it. In fa.ct, it may in­ Mr. Bush is a serious and attractive staff assistants, Helen Dinucce, had the ex­ terest rome of you to know that .this acci­ candidate for our highest office and his perience of dealing with bereaved frun111es. dent helped initiate action on the part of views comprise a significant contribution They spent untold hours visiting the widows the National Committee on Radiation Pro­ and their children to guide and encourage to the dialog the people deserve to hear tection to produce Handbook 56, "Safe Han­ as we approach another Presidential them in their educational pursuits. Thanks dling of Cadavers Containing Radioactive to Joe and Helen, all 13 children now have Isotopes." election. To further that dialog, I re­ completed whatever educational desires they Many lessons were learned from this ac­ quest unanimous consent to print George had, all oaid for by the fund. In some in­ cident, and it should be of interest to quote Bush's remarks in the CONGRESSIONAL stances, 'I.Ms meant from grammar school the following from AEC 43'/345, dated Febru­ RECORD. (public and parochial) through college, and ary 9, 1951: in a few cases, even beyond to graduate The remarks follow: school. "The relative urgency of different kinds REMARKS OF GEORGE BUSH The cost of educating one family's chil­ of medical treatment became immediately Understandably, much of the publlc at­ dren came to $19,571. Another family spent complicated by radiation, since, in cases tention so far has been devoted to the per­ only $848. The total amount expended by where shock would normally have been given sonalities and the early polls. I'm as inter­ the Firemen's Fund for education came to priority, the doctors hesitated to make hypo­ ested in them as the next fellow, and lately, $68,255. The original amount raised, as we dermic injections through contaminated I've been enjoying them more than I used to. pointed out, was $90,000. But thanks to the skin. The decont·amination of wounds was But I would urge that the campaign soon adroit investing of the money by the First complicated by the la.ck of a. probe suffi­ move into a new phase-a more serious con­ National, now represented by John Kloss, ciently directional to tell from what part of sideration of the issues at stake as we head the fund stm has an estima.ted $100,000 in the wound the radiation was coming. The into the 1980s. the bank. That posed a problem for the sur­ volume of contaminated materials became Personally, I think those issues are terri­ viving members of the original committee, a sizeable problem. As a result of the explo­ bly serious-deadly serious, in fact-and it now down to three-Meegan, Veeck and sion, four truckloads of materials required ls that vein that I would like to address you myself. decontamination, while two more truckloads today. The decision was that it was time for the had to be scrapped. For two days after the We must soon face up to the fact that the three of us to step aside. Our original pur­ accident, most of the medical facllities were United States in the 1980s wm enter the pose practically is finished. Only three of tied up as a result of contamination. After most dangerous decade in the past 40 years. the children stm a.re drawing on the fund for preliminary treatment at the plant hospital On three fronts-the economy, energy, and the completion of their college educations. at Chalk River, a new kind of decision had international affairs--dark clouds are now The others have had their schooling fully to be made concerning the extent to which pushing over the horizon and promise to paid for. The original intent of the Fire­ the patient should be decontaminated be­ join together during the early years of the men's Fund now will be continued, but un­ fore transfer to the townsite hospital could decade. This confluence of events-this der the guidance of Fire Comr. Richard Al­ be allowed. "gathering storm" as Churchill might have brecht. Therefore, we are turning over "Identification of the personnel was diffi­ called it-may be less visible than the threat $100,000 to him, to be used for the educa­ cult because badges had been blown off or hanging over the democracies in the late tion of the children of firemen kllled in the destroyed. One of the casualties had about 1930s, but it is no less ominous and certainly line of duty. And in respect to the late Comr. 200 mr per hour over the face and chest, and it demands no less of a struggle. Quinn, who helped make Chicago's Fire De­ this further inhibited work. Unprecedented To a striking degree, the issues that con­ partment one of the best in the nation, the problems arose in connection with transfer­ front us are also inextricably bound to­ fund will bear his name. ring the contaminated body to an under­ gether. Progress in one area requires progress To the young people whose education was taker. in another, just as a setback on one front made possible, we ask only that they make "The medical group at Chalk River had wm ripple through other areas. Our economic the most of their schooling and to remember been planning for some time to rebuild the progress, for example, will be closely tied to how the big heart of Chicago responded to medical set-up at the plant, and, until this our ability to sustain the value of the dollar their tragedy. And to the committee, es­ accident, their thinking had been almost abroad and to ensure a steady flow of energy. pecially Meegan and Dlnucce, who devoted entirely concerned with facilitating routine By the same token, our a.b1llty to obtain so many hours in the intervening 18 years decontamination. The accident exposed crude oil from the Persian Gulf will hinge to make sure the job would get done, we shortcomings in the present set-up, and the upon our w1llingness to bolster our defenses express gratitude for a.n effort beyond the experience of handling the contaminated and strengthen our alllances. Yet it is call of duty. It was, as the First National and wounded patients dictated revision of equally true that our success in foreign said, "pro bono publico.•' e their plans for rebuilding."e policy will rest upon the vitality of our do­ mestic economy and those of our allies. So, the issues are closely tied together. The engineering approach that we have ANOTHER. ATOMIC ACCIDENT GEORGE BUSH PROPOSES A applied to public policy in recent years, try­ ing to separate out each issue and treat it in STRONG COURSE isolation, ls totally inadequate for the sos; HON. FORTNEY H. (PETE) STARK what we need, and need desperately, is & OF CALIFORNIA HON. BARBER B. CONABLE, JR. strategy that deals with our domestic and in­ IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES ternational problems within a.n integrated, OF NEW YORK coherent and predictable framework. Thursday, September 6, 1979 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Personally, I remain an optimist, guided by a powerful belief that, having come this •Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, as a partic­ Thursday, September 6, 1979 far, this country will never surrender to the ipant in the public information project e Mr. CONABLE. Mr. Speaker one of forces of adversity. We haven't been a. nation on the little-known history of atomic ac­ our former colleagues, George Bush of of quitters, and we aren't going to start being cidents, I am today introducing the fol­ Texas, yesterday outlined at the Na­ one now. This past month, a number of dis­ lowing excerpt from Leo Goodman's tinguished men and women were kind tional Press Club the serious dangers enough to meet with me in Maine to talk catalog of mishaps involving nuclear ma­ facing our Nation and offered his pre­ terials: a.bout the 1980s. While many of them [Excerpt] scription for the course the national thought the immediate outlook was bleak, Government must follow to avoid a con­ I was encouraged that all of them agreed ExPLOSION, CHALK RIVER, CANADA, DECEM­ fluence of unhappy events which could with me that we could ultimately prevail. BER 13, 1950 transform the world. He urged a strongly Indeed, there is good reason to believe that (Source: TID-8206 ("A Compendium of In­ the late 1980s could usher in a. new era. of formation for Use in Controlllng Radiation integrated approach to shaping national policies with full recognition that every prosperity and hope for America. Emergencies"), February 1960.) But the point I must emphasize is this: At Chall{ River, Canada., on December 13, major policy decision affects a wide The dangers that lie just ahead are real and 1950, there was a.n explosion involving a. rel­ range of Government responsibilities. they are serious. To minimize them, to en­ atively small amount of material, killlng Ambassador Bush called for policy unity, sure that they do not extend a.ny further, to one man and injuring and contaminating coordination and continuity in dealing realize the bright promise of the future, it is five others. Only through good luck, 45.000 with the threats and problems we face crucial that we adopt an integrated stra.tegy 23454 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 6, 1979 for the 1980s, and begin immediately to make unless we do, we will condemn ourselves to I propose to all Republican candidates the ha.rd decisions that strategy demands. To a long era of sluggish growth and social today that 1n this campaign, we add a new err may be human; but to delay, to duck and tension. commandment to our party's creed. The dodge as we have-an of that would leave an All that I have sai'CI so far about control­ 11th commandment, as all of you know, says inexcusable leg·acy for the next generation. ling inflation and bridging the energy gap is this: Speak no evil of a fellow Republican. Let me be more specific about the nature subject, of course, to the question of whether Now let us adopt a. 12th commandment for of our challenges. Our economy today is in we can also navigate through the troubled 1980: No phony promises to the American the worst mess since the Great Depression. waters abroad. As one surveys the unravel­ people. Not one. Beyond Washington, where people aren't in­ ing of international order-the overthrow The voters of this country don't want any sulated from the ups and downs of the eco­ of regimes in countries like Iran, Afghanistan more of the old baloney; they want a new nomic cycle, they are reeling from 13 per­ and Nicaragua, the civil strife spreading from vision-a new candor-and that is what we cent inflation and many a.re now fearful o! one continent to the next, the growing im­ must deliver. losing their jobs. punity with which nations like Vietnam I have spoken t0-you about the critical And the trends are nearly all pointing in and Ethiopia. now attack their neighbors­ problems that lie ahead. Let me now outline the wrong direction. The growth in the pro­ even an incurable optimist must recognize in greater detail some of the solutions that ducti vl ty o! our work force has fallen from that the 80s could bring convulsive changes I favor. the 3 percent range in the 1950s to 2 percent in sensitive regions o! the world. The first goal of a new administration in the 60s, to minus 2.4 percent in the sec­ Unfortunately, this threat o! regional in­ should be perfectly obvious: to put a firm ond quarter o! 1979, annualized. stabUity is greatly heightened-and this ls leash on inflation. I am frankly dismayed Our savings rate is the lowest of the major a point I would underscore-by the shock­ that there is so little serious discussion in Democracie~onsumer debt ls now six times ing vulnerabUity o! America's strategic Washington today about slashing inflation what it wa.s only 20 years ago-the proportion forces. A day o! reckoning-a day brought on to one percent or less-a. goal that I think o! U.S. patents awarded to U.S. firms has by the massive increase in Soviet armaments achievable. It would almost appear to be a dwindled-and our producers have dropped and a persistent disregard !or the state of conspiracy o! silence between some o! the behind our international oompeitltors in one our own force structures-is swiftly closing politicians on the Hlll and the White HQuse, field after a.nother--cars, steel, television sets, in upon us. In nearly all quarters, it ls now and for very clear reasons. and on and on. agreed that in the early 1980s, the United On the Hlll, they know tha.t Washington Here in Washington, the Federal govern­ States will enter a period of maximum and created this inflation and that every year the ment-the driving force behind so much o! unprecedented vulnerab111ty to a Soviet first IRS reaps windfall profits as middle-income our economic life today-has abandoned all strike. This "open window", as it is called, taxpayers are pushed into higher and higher sense o! sel!-dlspline. We have piled up could last from the early 80s until the mid­ tax brackets. nearly three times BIS much debt in the past dle o! the decade, and even then, we won't In the meantime, the President and his 15 years as we did during the first 188 years be able to shut it unless we move aggres­ staff have little inclination to address the o! our history combined, and the money sup­ sively and immediately to bolster our forces. issue because they've run out of ideas. They ply has been expanding at rates more than The nightmare that troubles me about the have no policy to fight 1nfiation-none what­ double those o! earlier years. 1980s is not that of a nuclear exchange with soever. Yet, the economy is visibly deteriorat­ The !a.ct that we're not in more trouble the Soviets. They continue to shrink from ing. Three yea.rs a.go, candidate Carter added than we a.re ls only a testament to the re­ that possibility. No, what concerns me far together the nation's inflation rate and its markable underlying strength of the Ameri­ more is that all of the troubles I have out­ unemployment rate and called it the "eco­ oa.n. economy. lined to you-in the economic, energy and nomic misery index." The misery index, he But the central problem now is that the foreign fields-will come rushing together in charged, was scandalously high, so Ford had steady, deteriorating trends in our economy a great thunderclap that will transform the to go. Today, that same misery index is more almost surely guarantee a. rough passage world. than a third higher than when Jimmy Carter ahead. Among economls·ts, there is now wide­ It is not inconceivable, for example, that was elected-indeed, it's at the highest rate spread agreement that the current recession sometime ln the 80s, the U.S. could be in a since 1935-and yet the White House, in­ could be shallow. But a shallow recession precarious economic state, heavily depend­ credibly enough, doesn't even have a fig lea! also means that inflation is likely to con­ ent on foreign oil, and then a crisis could for a policy. tinue at runaway rates, so over the next few erupt in one o! the important nations o! the My plan to break the back o! inflation years, our economy may either begin a roll­ Middle East. At that point, assuming present involves some very simple elements: ercoaster ride-with recession soon fol­ trends go unchecked, the Soviets who will In my first 100 days in office, I wm submit lowed by inflation, followed by another have an energy shortfall in the 80s, could a plan !or a. balanced budget into the con­ recession, a.nd. so on-or we may have a move in quickly and present us with an im­ gress and will campaign hard !or its accept­ short period o! peace before the economy possible choice-either we yield a critical ance. As a former member o! the House plunges into a severe, painful decline that source o! oil to their control, or we risk Ways and Means Committee, I believe I can may slow the inflation rate but also cause nuclear catastrophe. work with the Congress toward that end, enormous social suffering. In either case, the In short, the Persian Gulf could become but if not, I wlll not hesitate to take the first half o! the 80s could be very difficult the scene o! a second Cuban missile crisis­ veto club out of the closet again. economically. only this time, we might be the first to The Budget must not only be balanced, 1t blink. I am not predicting such a crisis; I must be balanced through limitations on In the energy field, despite our best ef­ only point it out to illustrate how far we the growth o! federal spending that do not forts on energy conservation, the downward have drifted into dangerous waters over the allow increased taxation. trends may be even more perilous. By most past 15 years. Only through tight fiscal policy will 1t be reasonable estimates, in order to achieve even possible for the Federal Reserve Boa.rd to modest economic growth over the coming What is to be done? Our most pressing re­ quirement ls to stop kidding ourselves that pursue more moderate monetary policies. decade, we must expand our available sup­ At the same time, we must accelerate ef­ plies by some 20 percent-or the equivalent by continuing on our present course-a tem­ porary patch here, a bit more rhetoric forts to cut back the jungle o! conflicting in oil of a.bout 7 to 9 million barrels a day. and redundant regulations, laws, and judi­ But no one yeit has figured out where we there-we can somehow muddle through. The British once believed that, and they lost cial procedures that are smothering eco­ are going to find all that additional energy. .nomlc growth-and giving few social bene- Under new quotas, for example, we ca.n both an empire and their own prosperity before they pulled themselves together. Now fits In return. obtain precious little new oil from a.broad. All o! these steps may sound fundamental, At home, most oil producers believe--a.nd we, too, must seize the opportunity for a change o! direction. and they a.re. But our problem is not that honestly so-that we will be doing well to we have tried the fundamentals and they hold production at present levels over the At the same time, however, let us beware o! politicians who promise quick, easy an­ have failed; our problem is that !or too long next decade--a.nd that's with immediate de­ we have failed to try them. control. Similarly, 8iuthorities believe that swers. President Carter captured the White House in 1976 by making more than 600 As a. second major goal o! my Adminis­ we will be fortunate during the 80s to hold tration, I wlll seek to lighten the tax burden production levels steady in natural gs.s­ promises to the electorate. Now he claims now crushing so many American families and once age.in, that's with much greater that he can't fulfill them because people's confidence has failed; the truth is that the and discouraging productive investment 1n decontrol. our economy. So what's lefit to fill the gap? As attractive country has lost confidence because he has !ailed. One of the worst sins of the Carter Ad­ as they a.re, exotic fuels a.re years away from ministration is that it has permitted federal major development-and solar power is un­ That same temptation to overpromlse taxes to rise from 18 percent to 21 percent likely to make a major contribution to new exists 1n this election campaign. From all o! the GNP. After reviewing the most recent supplies in the near term. Inevitably, then, sides, candidates are under pressure to prom­ budget estimates o! the Administration and one is driven to three major alternatives: ise they will significantly increase spending ta.king into account the need for increased nuclear power, coal, and greater conserva­ on defense, increase spending on energy, defense spending, I have concluded that we tion. make deep cuts 1n taxes, and still balance the can-and should-cut taxes 1mmed1a.tely, ef­ But I needn't tell you, as veterans of the budget-and all in a fiash. Over time, fective this January 1980, by $20 billion. Washington scene, how stubborn the re­ through discipline and steady policies, those Such a. tax cut should be divided into two sistance is in each o! those areas. One o! the goals can be achieved, but any candidate parts: greatest political challenges o! the 80s, I who promises instant relief is a. fraud-and Roughly one half should be directed to believe, ls to overcome that resistance, for I don't mind saying so. individual taxpayers, encouraging greater September 6, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 23455 personal savlngr:, encouraging greater energy Such alliances, I should add, will not Many of us at MCPL believe that Con­ emclency, and providing tax incentives for diminish in the slightest the need for us gress should increase its policymaking home purchases through IRA type accounts. to repair our own defenses. In recent weeks, review with regard to South Africa. We I would also cut payroll taxes in a way that it has been suggested that the Senate might would not jeopardize the integrity of the buy off on the SALT Treaty if the Admin­ are anxious to help in this endeavor. We Social Security trust fund. istration promises to increase defense spend­ believe that apartheid is immoral as The other half of the tax cuts should be ing by 3-5 percent a year in real terms. I well as an open invitation to increased used to increase productivity and invest­ cannot accept that point of view. The SALT Communist influence in Africa. We think ments in the business sector. This would Treaty is seriously defective and should be the United States must act decisively to include more rapid depreciation, investment corrected before it leaves Capitol Hlll. As encourage and assist the ending of the tax credits, tax incentives to hire and train the debate proceeds, I think it will become apartheid system in South Africa young workers and to create jobs--especlally clearer than ever that after correcting the in areas of high unemployment. So that Treaty, the Congress also ought to move through whatever means may be avail­ investments can be planned ahead, I also ahead with several new weapons systems able to us. - propose a 1 percent per year cut in the cor­ that have been cancelled or delayed by the There are many areas of United porate tax rate for each of the next five years. Carter Administration-including a. new States-South African policy in which All of these tax changes are aimed spe­ manned bomber, the cruise missile, the MX, Congress has a major role. We should cifically at increasing the productive wealth and a greatly strengthened Navy. Progress of our nation-a step I believe is vital in on those fronts will not immediately close inquire, for instance, whether the U.N.­ overcoming inflation and ln returning us to the "open window" of the early 80s, but it imi;:osed arms embargo against South a stable, productive economy. will send a signal to Moscow that we are Africa is effective--or whether South In the energy field~ I believe it ls urgent se·rious about our security and that in turn Africa's massive military establishment that we adopt a two-track system to attack may promote world stab111ty. has been developed with the covert aid both our near-term and long-term problems Ladies and Gentlemen: By now, my deep­ of elements in the United States; we simultaneously. On one track, in order to seated concerns about the 1980s should be should determine whether U.S. com­ fill the energy gap of the 1980s, we should clear. Over the past 20 years, through in­ immediately decontrol the price of oil; we dulgence, through neglect, through short­ panies are truly in compliance with should remove controls on natural gas in sightedness, this nation has drifted into the embargo, or if they have violated it ways that a.re real, not phony, ut111zlng our fearful straits. The problems are not all of with or without the knowledge of our awesome ab111ty in science and technology Jimmy Carter's making, but he has made Government officials; we must consider to guarantee safety; we should expand n.u­ them so much worse that there is no longer whether "civilian"-nonmilitary-trade .:lear power; we should also significantly reason to ask whether he should stay or with South Africa tacitly endorses the step up our production and use of coal, even leave. though that may mean temporary relaxation The critical question now before us is principle of apartheid or, in the alter­ of some environmental standards; and we whether we as a people have the wisdom native, represents the best means we should find new methods of conservation. and the fortitude to face up to the chal­ have of ending apartheid; we should On the second track, we must bring on lenges of the 80s and overcome them. consider and determine whether U.S. line as quickly as possible, both synthetic Forty years a.go, peering into the gather­ corporate investment in South Africa fuels from our domestic resource base and ing darkness, Winston Churchill wrote that strengthens our bargaining power or the next generation of renewable fuel sources he had watched his nation "descending in­ continently, recklessly, the stairway at the weakens it; whether new U.S. cor­ for the longer term. While I welcome the is Administration's new found interest in syn­ beginning, but the oarpet soon ends-a little porate investment helpful or harm­ thetic fuels, I believe this program to spend furthe·r, there a.re only flagstones, and a ful; whether economic equality pressures $88 bllllon in tax money on 50 different little further still, these break beneath your by U.S. corporations can help to plants-long before all of the technological feet." reform not only the economic struc­ problems have been addressed, much less Only by heroic efforts were the allles ture, but also the poilitical structure; solved-ls needlessly wasteful and injects rescued before they reached the end of the whether strict penalties for noncompli­ the government far more deeply into the path. Now, as we enter the 1980s, we must summon that same spirit of self-discipline, ance with employment opportunity codes energy field than ls either desirable or nec­ by U.S. corporations can be imposed, essary. We have a shortage of energy, but we of unfailing determination, and of common already have a surplus of government. purpose. The 1980s will be a dangerous dec­ and if so, whether compliance with such As President, I would move immediately ade for America; but it can also be a decade codes is or can be effectively monitored in cooperation with private industry, to of decision-a decade when we finally put by private groups such as the Sullivan build a limited number of synthetic fuel our nation on a new course and go forward organization or the U.S. Chamber of plants to perfect the technology. Then I together again, united, strong and confident. Commerce. would leave it to the private sector to choose That will be my great resolve as your which of those technologies make the most President. In conjunction with all of these ques­ sense for full scale development. If the eco­ Thank you very much.e tions, an excellent article by Mr. Aryeh nomics require government assistance to Neier appeared in the August 11-18 edi­ compete with fossil fuels, we can turn to tion of the Nation magazine, which I guaranteed markets, loans, or price sup­ wish to bring to the attention of my ports, so that we can move ahead as rapidly SELLING APARTHEID colleagues. as possible. For the longer term, let us also recognize Mr. Neier addresses the question of that the development of energy sources such HON. PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR. "the death of apartheid" as argued by as solar, hydrogen, and nuclear fusion, re­ OF CALIFORNIA South African Minister Piet Koornhof, quire the best scientific minds in the free IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES known in the West as one of the more world-not the best bureaucrats in Wash­ Thursday, September 6, 1979 "forward-looking" of the South African ington, Paris or anywhere else. As President, government officials. While Mr. Neier I would bring together the best minds and e Mr. McCLOSKEY. Mr. Speaker, those points out some steps Mr. Koornhof has talents that the free world can offer-from of us who are concerned about U.S. pol­ both consuming and producing nations-to taken to moderate apartheid, he con­ work together so that we can realize the icy in Africa-including many of us who cludes that the replacement policy of dream of renewable energy resources by the are Members of Congress for Peace "denationalization" is indeed as unfair, end of this century. Through Law-have spent a great deal of and as sinister as was, or is, apartheid, And let's tell our friends plainly: Join time this past year studying the compli­ and that its rePJ.acement, while repre­ with us in projects to overcome our energy cated issues involving Zimbabwe-Rhf)­ senting a short-term public relations shortages; join with us in programs to ex­ desia. After considerable negotiation, we gain, will in fact be as harmful and ex­ pand our economics; and as we do that, let were able to reach a compromise on the us join in expanding and invigorating our clusive of the majority black population alliances. issue of lifting sanctions, delaying con­ as is the present policy. This last point brings me to another fun­ sideration pending the all-parties con­ The article follows: damental position: To promote regional sca.­ ference soon to convene under Britain's SELLING APARTHEID bllity and counter the Soviets, we must leadership. We may soon see a second (By Aryeh Neier) build a new alliance system that girdles the election, this time internationally super­ globe, an alliance system that unites the vised, and wr, anticipate that we will be JOHANNESBURG.-"! and my Government," sea.faring nations of the world who share Dr. Plet Koornhof, South Africa's Minister our values and interests. These alliances faced with a crucial decision in review of Cooperation and Development, told the would not be just mllitary in nature; they of the sanction question later this fall. National Press Club in Washington a few would also address our economic and energy Similar crucial decisions relating to Zim­ weeks ago, "are seeking to create a happy interests, so that each nation shall have the babwe-Rhodesia's neighbor-South Af­ and meaningful life, therefore a new blue­ strength of ten. rica-will face us in the months ahead. print, !or all in South Africa. We are en- CXXV--1476-Part 18 23456 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 6, 1979 terlng a period of complete reformation. We "I don't believe it can be aichieved in a uni­ States. Alternatively, South Africa can grant are presently ln a new era. We have reached tary setup. As a student of political and them permits like those given to "guest a turning point ln our history. Apartheid, as constitutional development, I say again it workers" in Europe. Blacks have been treated you came to know it in the United States, cannot be achieved in a unitary setup. I say this way an along under apartheid, but by ls dying and dead. We are ln a period of again." denationallzing them, South Africa will try reform." The policy of creating mini-states-known to cover over the practice Koornhof says is Exciting news. Koornhof, who even- pro­ as "homelands"-granting them independ­ dying or dead with a veneer of Western fessed his Government's belief in full citi­ ence and, thereby, denationalizing black legallty. zenship for people of all races, was greeted South Africans, has been developing for a How far can South Africa delude its own by a standing ovation, and with cheers in long time, though the grand design ls only people and the rest of the world into bellev­ many American newspaper editorials. The now becoming clear. Seeds of the policy of ing that denationalization is less repressive Washington Post called South Africa "the denationalization were planted when South than apartheid? Piet Koornhof, who has most lively and ambitious social laboratory Africa adopted the Promotion of Bantu Self­ taken on the task, is a.n adroit publicist who ln the world" (June 17). Back home, Prime Government Act of 1959 and the Bantu chose his title as Minister of Cooperation and Minister P.W. Botha endorsed Koornhof's Homelands Citizenship Act of 1970. These Development because it sounded better than statement and shielded his itinerant Min­ laws require that blacks ("Bantus") must the previous names for the same post: Min­ ister from the backlash of Andries Treur­ become citizens of the autonomous home­ ister of Bantu Areas Development and Min­ nicht, leader of the verkrampte--or rigid lands to which the South African Govern­ ister of Plural Relations. Koornhof won over (more literally, constipated)-wing of the ment says they are attached by birth, resi­ much of the English-language press by call­ ruling National Party. The dispute among dence or linguistic, ethnic or cultural af­ ing off the bulldozers that were set to level the Nationalists gave heightened significance filiation. Two homelands have been granted Crossroads, a squatters' camp outside Cape to Koornhof's statement, for the Prime independence by South Africa, Transkei in Town where 20,000 blacks llve. The planned Minister appeared to any himself with the 1976 and Bophuthatswana in 1977, though destruction of its 3,000 corrugated tin verligte--or enlightened-faction's expressed their sovereignty is recognized only by South shanties put up by people with no place else intention to mitigate the humiliation of 80 Africa. Ciskei, Lebowa, Venda, Gazankulu, to live was becoming an international symbol percent of South Africa's people that has Qwaqua and KwaZulu are now considered of the Government's heartlessness. Elsewhere, been Government policy since the National self-governing and South Africa plans to in places to which the world is not paying Party came to power in 1948. All in all, it was grant them independence in due course. In attention, Koornhof's department regularly a great publicity coup for South Africa. As all, 13 percent of the land of South Africa, razes squatter residences. If Koornhof has To the Point, a journal noted for its support most of it the poorest soil, has been set aside his way, what the South Africans call "petty of Government policy, exulted, Koornhof for the creation of these mini-states. apartheid" wlll diminish and signs will come down like those that now provide separate had "take [ n] American news media by storm The use of linguistic, ethnic and, cultural on his Washington visit." entrances to liquor stores for whites, or affiliation to determine citizenship in the blankes, and for nonwhites, or nleblankes. After traveling a.round South Africa during homelands is the key to the policy. A black Koornhof has played an important part in the three weeks subsequent to Koornhof's born ln Soweto-the giant black township South Africa's sports diplomacy th!l.t is to be National Press Club speech, I found his re­ that serves Johannesburg-whose parents capped on October 20 by a world heavyweight port of the death of apartheid not merely were born in Soweto, whose grandparents championship boxing match in Pretoria be­ exaggerated but ludicrous. Nonwhites must were born in Johannesburg before the blacks tween a black American and a white South still use separate tollets, ride on separate were all forced out, who has never visited African before a desegregated audience. buses, purchase tickets for trains at separate Transkel, may be designated a citizen of These moves by Koornhof are far from uni­ counters and ride in separate rail cars. They Transkei 1! the South African Go:vernment versally acceptable within the National Party. must continue to live in separate town­ determines that he has cultural affiliations The idea of blacks and whites sitting next to ships-almost always miserable slums lacking with that independent homeland's Xhosa.­ one another in a sports stadium is stlll electricity and indoor plumbing, far removed or Sotho-speaking people. South Africa does anathema to the verkramptes. If Andries from the gleaming white cities and suburbs not expect him to settle in Transkei. The Treurnicht has his way, a "homeland" would to which they commute dally at great ex­ homelands could not sustain the 70 percent even be created for "colored" South Afri­ pense to serve those whom they are expected of the South African population who are to cans-racially mixed people whose ethnic and to address as "master" or baas. Despite a comprise their nationals, and the South Ungulstic ties are as strong to Afrikaners as housing surplus in areas reserved for whites, African economy needs them. No one expects to any black tribe. Koornhof's wing of the any nonwhites who attempt to move into the black living in Sowetto to establish ties National Party, on the other hand, has sug­ them in order to escape from quarters where to the poll tic al processes of Transkei. For gested that colored and Indian South Af­ they are required to live three or four to a him, citizenship in a homeland is a legal ricans would be accommodated ln a "new po­ cubicle are vigorously prosecuted under the fiction that leaves him worse off than he was litical dispensation" giving them some right Group Areas Act. A black chlld is still re­ under apartheid as we used to know it. to participate ln South African Govern­ quired to attend a separate school, where the John Dugard, a South African legal au­ ment-though certainly not proportions. te to expenditure per child is only one-tenth of thority and widely respected human rights their numbers--once all the blacks become the amount allocaited to educate a white activist, summarized the effects of his legal nationals of homelands and no longer have child. Every day, a thousand or so nonwhites fiction in his presidential address to the 50th to be taken into account. are prosecuted for violations of the pass laws Anniversary Conference of the South Afri­ in "trials" that la.ck any semblance of due Though the differences between Koornhof can Institute of Race Relations ln Johannes­ and Treurnlcht are real, they do not run very process and that rarely la.st as long as two burg in July. "At present," said Dugs.rd, "all deep. As Koornhof put it on his return to minut.P.~. These help to preserve South Afri­ South Africans, irrespective of their race, ca.'s distinction of having by far the largest Johannesburg after his Washington speech: are South African nationals. Only whites, "Dr. Treurnicht and I understand each other portion of its population in prison of any however, are full citizens as they alone have very well. There were one or two things re­ country in the world. Although Dr. Koornhof political rights within the central political said in his Washington speech that he b?,ted ported in a certain way and he reacted to process. According to Government policy, all that." The Financial Mail, the best journal the pass laws and was ln the process of doing homelands will ultimately become independ­ away with them, penalties for violations are that stm survives censorship ln South Africa, ent and there will no longer be any black said of the Koornhof-Treurnicht argument going up. Most important of all, no non­ nationals in South Africa with claims to white may vote in any election for officials that "the difference between fiendish ver­ political rights. This will allow the Soutr kramptes verligtes of So11th Africa. Disenfranchised, nonwhites and lily-white is small African Government to argue that there are indeed. Apart from the ambitions of the in­ are pollt.lcally powerless against the intricate no black South Africans." Blacks who were web of laws, regulations, proclamg,tlons and dividuals, the difference between the two bureaucratic decisions that op!)ress them. born in the 87 percent of the land that is to camps is mainly one of strategy about how remain as South Africa and whose familie' apartheid is to be made to work, not whether There l~ another sense, however, ln which have lived there for generations are to be re it should be made to work." Koornhof, the Koornhof's speech to the National Press Club garded by the law as temporary sojourners, better publicist, believes that the way to was not so much a Ile as a deceptive half­ aliens in the land of their birth and r ' make lt work is to tell the world that lt ls truth. Anartheid, as Americans know tt, no land of their ancestors. Pass-law prosecutions dying or dead. longer adequately describes South Africa's would be transformed into passport-law Criticism of the denationalization policy approach to race relations. But what ts re­ prosecutions. by South African blacks and white oppo­ placln~ lt? Something mort sinister: dena­ nents of apartheid ts muted by Government tlonall:rnt.lon of all South Africa's bhcks. In An important advantage of denationaliza­ tion from the South African Government's persecution of those who decry its policies. place of their South Afrl

SENATE-Friday, September 7, 1979

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