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14Th Amendment US Constitution
FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT RIGHTS GUARANTEED PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES OF CITIZENSHIP, DUE PROCESS AND EQUAL PROTECTION CONTENTS Page Section 1. Rights Guaranteed ................................................................................................... 1565 Citizens of the United States ............................................................................................ 1565 Privileges and Immunities ................................................................................................. 1568 Due Process of Law ............................................................................................................ 1572 The Development of Substantive Due Process .......................................................... 1572 ``Persons'' Defined ................................................................................................. 1578 Police Power Defined and Limited ...................................................................... 1579 ``Liberty'' ................................................................................................................ 1581 Liberty of Contract ...................................................................................................... 1581 Regulatory Labor Laws Generally ...................................................................... 1581 Laws Regulating Hours of Labor ........................................................................ 1586 Laws Regulating Labor in Mines ....................................................................... -
DJIBOUTI Unity – Equality – Peace
REPUBLIC OF DJIBOUTI Unity – Equality – Peace COMBINED INITIAL AND PERIODIC REPORT UNDER THE AFRICAN CHARTER ON HUMAN AND PEOPLES’ RIGHTS 1 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Paragraph Page Acronyms and abbreviations .................................................................... 5 Introduction ............................................................................................... 1- 9 6 PART 1: General information..................................................... 10- 57 7 I. Background and socio-economic aspects..................................... 10- 27 7 1. Historical overview............................................................. 10- 18 7 2. Demographic and economic data .................................... 19- 27 8 II. Legal framework............................................................................... 28- 42 10 1. Ratified international instruments.................................... 28- 32 10 2. Fundamental pieces of legislation .................................... 33- 42 11 III. Institutional framework................................................................... 43- 57 14 PART 2: Realization of Human Rights .............................................. 58- 16 I. Civil and political rights................................................................... 58- 170 16 1. Right to non-discrimination and equality before the law 58- 65 16 2. Right to life and to physical and moral integrity…….. 66- 75 18 3. Prohibition of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment ......................................................... -
THE LIFE CYCLE of LEGISLATION —From Idea Into Law
104 CALIFORNIA’S LEGISLATURE THE LIFE CYCLE OF LEGISLATION —From Idea into Law REFUSED REFUSED COMMITTEE HEARING: COMMITTEE HEARING: Policy or Appropriations Policy or Appropriations PASSAGE PASSAGE INTRODUCED CHAIRPERSON THIRD CHAIRPERSON THIRD ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE PASSAGE REFUSED COMMITTEE BY RULES Bill may not AND MEMBERS SECOND FIRST AND MEMBERS SECOND PASSAGE REFUSED be heard by RECOMMENDATIONS ASSEMBLY RULES RECOMMENDATIONS SENATE MEMBER MEMBER COMMITTEE TESTIFY: TESTIFY: ASSEMBLY ASSIGNS FIRST ASSIGNS committee BILL AUTHOR DO PASS ASSEMBLY READING SENATE BILL AUTHOR DO PASS SENATE READING BILL TO BILL READING BILL TO until 31st CITIZENS CITIZENS COMMITTEE DEBATE NUMBERED COMMITTEE day after EXPERTS READING DEBATE READING EXPERTS READING introduction. LOBBYISTS TO SENATE LOBBYISTS PASSED WITH SENATE AMENDMENTS PRINTED VOTE VOTE Proposed Revised Proposed Revised Amendments Third Amendments Third Reading Reading Analysis Analysis RETURN TO ASSEMBLY FLOOR WITHOUT SENATEAMENDMENTS Concurrence in Senate Amendments LEGISLATURE HAS 60 DAYS (not including joint YES* NO* recesses) TO OVERRIDE VETO VETO WITH 2/3 VOTE IN EACH HOUSE. CONFERENCE COMMITTEE 3 Assembly 3 Senate & Members Members BILL IS CHAPTERED CONFERENCE REPORT BY SECRETARY OF STATE THE CALIFORNIA LEGISLATURE Bill becomes law January SIGN YES NO 1st of the following year GOVERNOR ASSEMBLY and ASSEMBLY RULES COMMITTEE unless it contains an SENATE urgency clause (takes Adopt Although the procedure can become more complicated, this chart shows the essential steps for passage of a effect immediately) or Conference PREPARED BY LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL specifies its own Report bill. WITHOUT ASSEMBLYAMENDMENTS effective date. Agencies, Citizens, Governor, Lobbyists Typical committee actions are used to simplify charting the course of legislation. * Follow same procedures as in the Some bills require hearings by more than one committee, in which case a committee may re-refer the bill to Assembly SUGGESTIONS FOR NEEDED LEGISLATION FROM another committee. -
Illinois Bill Drafting Manual
STATE OF ILLINOIS ILLINOIS BILL DRAFTING MANUAL PUBLISHED BY The Legislative Reference Bureau 112 State Capitol Springfield, IL 62706 Phone: (217) 782-6625 December 2012 Edition ILLINOIS BILL DRAFTING MANUAL Published By The Legislative Reference Bureau Copyright 1989 through 2012 Illinois Legislative Reference Bureau 112 State Capitol Springfield, IL 62706 Phone: (217) 782-6625 December 2012 Edition JOINT COMMITTEE ON LEGISLATIVE SUPPORT SERVICES (97th General Assembly) Tom Cross, House Minority Leader, Chair Michael J. Madigan, Speaker of the House John J. Cullerton, President of the Senate Christine Radogno, Senate Minority Leader LEGISLATIVE REFERENCE BUREAU James W. Dodge, Executive Director Mark R. Warnsing, Deputy Director Wayne G. Hedenschoug, Principal Attorney Andrea M. Creek, Principal Attorney Nicole H. Truong, Senior Counsel Note on editions: The first edition of the Illinois Bill Drafting Manual was written by Richard C. Edwards and published in March 1990. The Legislative Reference Bureau published revised editions of the Manual in February 1994, January 1996, January 1999, January 2001, January 2003, January 2005, January 2007, February 2009, and October 2010. This tenth edition published in December 2012 includes revisions made by James W. Dodge, Wayne G. Hedenschoug, Andrea M. Creek, Nicole H. Truong, and Paul J. Gatz. Editorial Board Andrea M. Creek, Editor-in-Chief Nicole H. Truong Paul J. Gatz i SUMMARY OF CONTENTS ILLINOIS BILL DRAFTING MANUAL SUMMARY OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................1 -
Constitutional Amendment and Dismemberment
Article Constitutional Amendment and Dismemberment Richard Albertt INTRODUCTION-AMENDMENT AND DISMEMBERMENT.......................................2 I. THE CHALLENGES OF CONSTITUTIONAL CHANGE..........................................7 A. The Dividing Line in Constitutional Alteration .......... ......... ................................. 8 1. Four Propositions ............................................. 8 2. The Foundations of the Conventional Views.................................................... 11 3. The Missing Concept......................................... .............. 13 B. Enforcing the Boundaries of Constitutional Change................ ............. 14 1. Three Unconstitutional Constitutional Amendments....... ........ 14 2. The Conventional Rule and the Remedy............................20 3. Constitutionalizing Constituent Power ............ ........... 21 C. Constitutional Design for Formal Alteration............................... ............ 24 1. The Standard Design of Formal Rules of Change........... ....... 25 2. The Limits of the Standard Design................................26 3. The Consequences of the Standard Design ........................... 26 H. CONSTITUTIONAL DISMEMBERMENT: FORMS, THEORY, AND) MUTUALITY....................... 29 A. An Amendment in Name Alone.......................................... 29 1. The War on Japan's Pacifist Constitution.....................................30 2. The United Kingdom After Brexit...................................... 33 3. Canada at Patria on............................................35 -
Teaching the Forgotten Fourteenth Amendment and the Constitution of Memory
SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF LAW TEACHING THE FORGOTTEN FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT AND THE CONSTITUTION OF MEMORY MARK A. GRABER* Most constitutional law professors teach a highly edited version of the Fourteenth Amendment.1 The pedagogical version of the received text in most classes consists of the Due Process Clause, the Equal Protection Clause, and the Enforcement Clause so that the taught Fourteenth Amendment for all practical purposes reads: No State shall . deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, [the Due Process Clause and Equal Protection Clause]. Occasionally, the taught Fourteenth Amendment is slightly more expansive. While, students who read the Slaughter-House Cases2 learn that the Privileges and Immunities Clause3 has been largely moribund for almost a century and a half, those who read Justice Clarence Thomas’s concurrence in McDonald v. City of Chicago realize that resurrection is possible.4 Some constitutional law professors note that the Citizenship Clause5 overturns the holding of Dred Scott v. Sandford6 and has implications for birthright citizenship.7 But no one teaches * Regents Professor, University of Maryland Carey School of Law. 1. The evidence for this paragraph is highly anecdotal. Skeptics should consult the other essays in this issue and all the constitutional law textbooks on their bookshelves. 2. 83 U.S. 36 (1872). 3. U.S. CONST. amend. XIV, § 1 (“No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges and immunities of citizens of the United States.”) 4. -
Speaking Your Mind with the First Amendment the U.S
Do We Have a Right to Bear Arms? by Barbara Sheehan The Second Amendment to Speaking Your Mind With the First Amendment the U.S. Constitution protects by Roberta K. Glassner, Esq. every U.S. citizen’s “right to bear f you’ve ever had a civics class, you probably arms.” Or does it? This question know that the government and laws of remains in debate as modern-day I this country were established by the U.S. concerns about violence in Constitution. But not every law is contained in the our society intensify. body of the Constitution itself. What does the Second Many of the laws we consider our changes you would like to see in the Amendment say? constitutional rights are found law. Simply put, the First Amendment Specifically, the Second in the first 10 amendments to the protects your right to worship freely, Amendment states: “A well Constitution, known as the Bill of to speak, read and write freely and to Rights. These rights were added to the meet freely. regulated militia , being U.S. Constitution on Dec. 15, 1791. necessary to the security of a free Some people consider the First Freedom of religion Amendment of the Bill of Rights to be Can your public school enforce State, the right of the people to the most important. This amendment a policy requiring each school day keep and bear Arms, shall not be guarantees every American three to begin with a prayer? The First freedoms that are essential to Amendment says it cannot because the infringed.” . Bill of Rights guarantees the right of democracy Does this mean that every Under the First Amendment, everyone in your school to worship as you are guaranteed freedom of religion, he or she chooses—or not to worship at private U.S. -
Constitutional Amendment D
CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT Shall the Utah Constitution be amended to: • rewrite a provision relating to municipal water rights and sources of water supply; • allow a municipality to define the boundary of the municipality’s water service area and to set the terms of water service for that area; • state that a municipality is not prevented from: • supplying water to water users outside the municipality’s boundary; or • entering into a contract to supply water outside the municipality’s D water service area if the water is more than what is needed for the municipality’s water service area; and • modify the basis upon which a municipality is allowed to exchange water rights or sources of water supply? Ballot Title Legislative Votes Bill Title & Session Utah Senate 2020 Legislative General Session FOR 27 Yes 0 No 2 Not Present House Joint Resolution (H.J.R.) 3 Utah House of Proposal to Amend Utah AGAINST Representatives Constitution -- Water Resources of 71 Yes 0 No 4 Not Present Municipalities IMPARTIAL ANALYSIS Current Provisions of the Utah Constitution The Utah Constitution currently prohibits a municipality from selling or disposing of: (1) its water rights; or (2) its sources of water supply, such as wells, springs, or streams. The term “municipality” includes cities and towns. The current Utah Constitution requires a municipality to retain the municipality’s water rights and sources of water supply to supply water to the municipality’s residents. The constitution states that a municipality is not prevented from exchanging water rights or sources of water supply for other water rights or sources of water supply of equal value. -
Know Your Rights a Guide to the United States Constitution
Know Your Rights A guide to the United States Constitution Message from the U.S. Attorney Fellow Citizens: For more than 200 years, the Constitution of the United States has been a “working” document, maintaining the original principles upon which our nation was founded while, at the same time, changing with the country, as reflected in its amendments. While the U.S. Constitution itself outlines the basic structure of the federal government, its twenty-seven amendments address many subjects but primarily focus on the rights of individual American citizens. This booklet outlines those rights, offering historical context and other information that is both interesting and informative. The continued vitality of our democracy is dependant upon an informed citizenry. Understanding the history of the Constitution and its amendments will assist all of us in more fully appreciating these rights and responsibilities as they have evolved over time. Moreover, such understanding will ensure that these rights will continue to be exercised, valued, and cherised by future generations. President James Monroe stated at the founding of our country that “[i]t is only when the People become ignorant and corrupt, when they degenerate into a populace, that they are incapable of exercising their sovereignty. Let us, by all wise and constitutional measures, promote intelligence among the People, as the best means of preserving our liberties.” This publication is provided as just one source of what we hope will be a continued education as to the liberties we all