DOCSLIB.ORG

Enhancing India's Trade with Bangladesh and Myanmar Across Border

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF INDIA WORKING PAPER NO. 77 ACT EAST: ENHANCING INDIA'S TRADE WITH BANGLADESH AND MYANMAR ACROSS BORDER EXIM Bank's Working Paper Series is an aempt to disseminate the findings of research studies carried out in the Bank. The results of research studies can interest exporters, policy makers, industrialists, export promoon agencies as well as researchers. However, views expressed do not necessarily reflect those of the Bank. While reasonable care has been taken to ensure authencity of informaon and data, EXIM Bank accepts no responsibility for authencity, accuracy or completeness of such items. © Export-Import Bank of India June 2018 Act East: Enhancing India's Trade with Bangladesh and Myanmar Across Border CONTENTS Page No. List of Tables 5 List of Charts 7 List of Exhibits 7 List of Annexures 9 Execuve Summary 1. Background 22 2. Internaonal Trade of Bangladesh and Myanmar 27 3. Foreign Investment in Bangladesh and Myanmar 35 4. India's Bilateral Relaons with Bangladesh and Myanmar 42 5. India's Border Trade and Connecvity with Bangladesh and Myanmar 53 6. Potenal Areas for Enhancing India's Trade with Bangladesh and Myanmar 67 7. Exim Bank's Presence in Bangladesh and Myanmar 91 8. Status of Infrastructure at Bangladesh and Myanmar Borders: Based On Field Visit 96 9. Key Observaons and Way Forward 103 References 108 Project Team: Mr. David Sinate, Chief General Manager Mr. Vanlalruata Fanai, Assistant General Manager Ms. Sara Joy, Manager 3 Act East: Enhancing India's Trade with Bangladesh and Myanmar Across Border LIST OF TABLES Table No. Title Page No. 1.1 Macroeconomic Snapshot of Bangladesh- Select Indicators 24 1.2 Macroeconomic Snapshot of Myanmar- Select Indicators 26 2.1 Bangladesh's Export Composion 29 2.2 Bangladesh's Import Composion 29 2.3 Major Export Desnaons of Bangladesh 30 2.4 Major Import Sources of Bangladesh 30 2.5 Myanmar's Export Composion 32 2.6 Myanmar's Import Composion 33 2.7 Major Export Desnaons of Myanmar 33 2.8 Major Import Sources of Myanmar 34 3.1 Trends in Bangladesh's FDI Flows 35 3.2 FDI Flows in Myanmar 38 4.1 India's Major Exports to Bangladesh 43 4.2 India's Major Imports from Bangladesh 44 4.3 India's Major Exports to Myanmar 48 4.4 India's Major Imports from Myanmar 49 5.1 Length of India's Border with Bangladesh 54 5.2 India's Port Wise Exports to Bangladesh 54 5.3 India's Port Wise Imports from Bangladesh 55 5.4 List of Integrated Check Posts (ICPs)/Land Customs Staons (LCSs) 56 5.5 Length of India's Border with Myanmar 61 5.6 India's Port Wise Exports to Myanmar 62 5.7 India's Port Wise Imports from Myanmar 62 5.8 India's Border Trade with Myanmar 63 5.9 Land Customs Staons Dealing with Indo-Myanmar Trade 65 6.1 Bangladesh's Major Imports and India's Share in 2017 68 6.2 Bangladesh's Major Sources of Imports of Machinery and Mechanical Appliances (HS-84) 69 6.3 Machinery and Mechanical Appliances (HS-84) - Potenal Exports to Bangladesh 69 6.4 Bangladesh's Major Sources of Imports of Electrical Machinery and Equipment (HS-85) 70 6.5 Electrical Machinery and Equipment (HS-85) - Potenal Exports to Bangladesh 70 6.6 Bangladesh's Major Sources of Imports of Animal or Vegetable Fats and Oils (HS-15) 71 6.7 Animal or Vegetable Fats and Oils (HS-15) - Potenal Export Items to Bangladesh 72 5 Act East: Enhancing India's Trade with Bangladesh and Myanmar Across Border Table No. Title Page No. 6.8 Bangladesh's Major Sources of Imports of Knied or Crocheted Fabrics (HS-60) 72 6.9 Knied or Crocheted Fabrics (HS-60) - Potenal Export to Bangladesh 73 6.10 Bangladesh's Major Sources of Imports of Sugars and Sugar Confeconery (HS-17) 73 6.11 Sugars and Sugar Confeconery (HS-17) - Potenal Export Items to Bangladesh 74 6.12 Bangladesh's Major Sources of Imports of Paper and Paperboard (HS-48) 74 6.13 Paper and Paperboard (HS-48) - Potenal Export Items to Bangladesh 75 6.14 Bangladesh's Major Sources of Imports of Opcal, Photographic, Medical and Surgical Apparatus (HS-90) 76 6.15 Opcal, Photographic, Medical and Surgical Apparatus (HS-90) - Potenal Export Items to Bangladesh 77 6.16 Bangladesh's Major Exports and India's Share in 2017 78 6.17 Myanmar's Major Imports and India's Share in 2017 79 6.18 Myanmar's Import Sources of Mineral fuels, Mineral Oils and Products of their Disllaon (HS-27) 80 6.19 Mineral fuels, Mineral Oils and Products of their Disllaon (HS-27) - Potenal Export Items to Myanmar 81 6.20 Myanmar's Import Sources of Plascs and Arcles (HS-39) 81 6.21 Plascs and Arcles (HS-39)-Potenal Export Items to Myanmar 82 6.22 Myanmar’s Import Sources of Animal or Vegetable Fats and Oils (HS-15) 83 6.23 Animal or Vegetable Fats and Oils (HS-15) - Potenal Export Items to Myanmar 83 6.24 Myanmar's Import Sources of Arcles of Iron or Steel (HS-73) 84 6.25 Arcles of Iron or Steel (HS-73) - Potenal Export Items to Myanmar 85 6.26 Myanmar's Import Sources of Miscellaneous Edible Preparaons (HS-21) 86 6.27 Miscellaneous Edible Preparaons (HS-21) - Potenal Export Items to Myanmar 86 6.28 Myanmar's Import Sources of Man-made Staple Fibres (HS-55) 87 6.29 Man-made Staple Fibres (HS-55) - Potenal Export Items to Myanmar 87 6.30 Myanmar's Import Sources of Man-made filaments, Strip and Texle Materials (HS-54) 88 6.31 Man-made filaments, Strip and Texle Materials (HS-54) - Potenal Export Items to Myanmar 89 6.32 Myanmar's Major Exports and India's Share in 2017 90 7.1 Exim Bank's Operave Lines of Credit in Bangladesh and Myanmar 92 8.1 Major Commodies Traded at ICP Petrapole 97 8.2 Major Commodies Traded at LCS Moreh 98 8.3 Major Commodies Traded at LCS Zokhawthar 100 6 Act East: Enhancing India's Trade with Bangladesh and Myanmar Across Border LIST OF CHARTS Chart No. Title Page No. 2.1 Internaonal Trade of Bangladesh 27 2.2 Exports and Imports of Bangladesh as a Percent of GDP 28 2.3 Internaonal Trade of Myanmar 31 2.4 Exports and Imports of Myanmar as a Percent of GDP 32 3.1 Sectorwise FDI Inflows to Bangladesh 35 3.2 Sectorwise FDI inflows to Myanmar 38 4.1 India's Trade with Bangladesh 42 4.2 Sectorwise FDI Inflows from India to Bangladesh 46 4.3 India's Trade with Myanmar 47 4.4 Sectorwise FDI Inflows from India to Myanmar 51 LIST OF EXHIBITS Exhibit No. Title Page No. 1.1 Map of Bangladesh 22 1.2 Map of Myanmar 25 4.1 ASEAN- India Free Trade Area 50 5.1 Protocol Routes 59 8.1 ICP Petrapole 96 8.2 Trucks waing for Transshipment at ICP Petrapole 97 8.3 Transshipment between Indian and Bangladeshi Trucks at ICP Petrapole 97 8.4 ICP Moreh 99 8.5 LCS Zokhawthar 100 8.6 Bridge Connecng India and Myanmar at Zokhawthar 100 8.7 World Bank Road Connecng Zokhawthar LCS Bypassing Champhai 102 List of Annexures Annexures No. Title Page No. I Roles and Funcons of Land Ports Authority of India (LPAI) 109 II List of Officials Consulted During Field Trip 111 7 Act East: Enhancing India's Trade with Bangladesh and Myanmar Across Border EXECUTIVE SUMMARY India's Look East Policy, which was introduced in 1992, discipline supporng macroeconomic stability. was relaunched in 2014 as the 'Act East Policy', with According to the Internaonal Monetary Fund (IMF), the objecve of promong economic cooperaon, the country has benefied from favorable external cultural es and develop strategic relaonship with demand, high remiances, and low commodity countries in the Asia-Pacific region through prices, resulng in strong output growth, falling connuous engagement at bilateral, regional and inflaon, moderate public debt, and a rebuilding of mullateral levels, thereby providing enhanced external resilience. connecvity to the states of India's North East Region (NER). In fact, immediate border countries in the East rd and North East India region would play important role Bangladesh is the 43 largest economy in the world in the success of India's Act East Policy. Myanmar, the and is also among the fastest growing economies, only member country of Associaon of Southeast with a growth rate of 7.1 percent in 2017. Over the Asian Naons (ASEAN), which borders India, shares a last decade, nominal GDP has more than trebled from land boundary of around 1,643 km with four Indian US$ 85.6 billion in 2007 to an esmated US$ 261.4 states including Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland and billion in 2017, with a per-capita income of Arunachal Pradesh. Bangladesh is equally crical to US$ 1,601.7 in 2017. The economic growth of the success of India's 'Act East', with 4,096.7 km long Bangladesh has been mainly driven by exports, border is being shared with India along the states of especially of readymade garments, remiances and West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and agriculture sector. Bangladesh has managed to Mizoram. sustain a high growth of over 7 percent in 2017 in spite of marginal growth in exports and fall in Regional Cooperaon such as Bay of Bengal Iniave remiance inflows, supported by strong private for Mul-Sectoral Technical and Economic consumpon and investments in infrastructure Cooperaon (BIMSTEC), whose membership include projects.
Recommended publications
  • Ethiopia and India: Fusion and Confusion in British Orientalism

    Ethiopia and India: Fusion and Confusion in British Orientalism

    Les Cahiers d’Afrique de l’Est / The East African Review 51 | 2016 Global History, East Africa and The Classical Traditions Ethiopia and India: Fusion and Confusion in British Orientalism Phiroze Vasunia Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/eastafrica/314 Publisher IFRA - Institut Français de Recherche en Afrique Printed version Date of publication: 1 March 2016 Number of pages: 21-43 ISSN: 2071-7245 Electronic reference Phiroze Vasunia, « Ethiopia and India: Fusion and Confusion in British Orientalism », Les Cahiers d’Afrique de l’Est / The East African Review [Online], 51 | 2016, Online since 07 May 2019, connection on 08 May 2019. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/eastafrica/314 Les Cahiers d’Afrique de l’Est / The East African Review Global History, East Africa and the Classical Traditions. Ethiopia and India: Fusion and Confusion in British Orientalism Phiroze Vasunia Can the Ethiopian change his skinne? or the leopard his spots? Jeremiah 13.23, in the King James Version (1611) May a man of Inde chaunge his skinne, and the cat of the mountayne her spottes? Jeremiah 13.23, in the Bishops’ Bible (1568) I once encountered in Sicily an interesting parallel to the ancient confusion between Indians and Ethiopians, between east and south. A colleague and I had spent some pleasant moments with the local custodian of an archaeological site. Finally the Sicilian’s curiosity prompted him to inquire of me “Are you Chinese?” Frank M. Snowden, Blacks in Antiquity (1970) The ancient confusion between Ethiopia and India persists into the late European Enlightenment. Instances of the confusion can be found in the writings of distinguished Orientalists such as William Jones and also of a number of other Europeans now less well known and less highly regarded.
  • India's Role in Facilitating Trade Under SAFTA

    India's Role in Facilitating Trade Under SAFTA

    Working Paper 263 India’s Role in Facilitating Trade under SAFTA Nisha Taneja Shravani Prakash Pallavi Kalita January 2013 INDIAN COUNCIL FOR RESEARCH ON INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................... i Executive Summary ...................................................................................................... ii 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1 2. Liberalisation of Tariffs under SAFTA and India’s Bilateral FTAs ................. 2 2.1 India Pakistan ...................................................................................................... 2 2.2 India -Bangladesh ............................................................................................... 3 2.3 India-Nepal .......................................................................................................... 4 2.4 India- Sri Lanka .................................................................................................. 5 3. Non-Tariff Barriers ................................................................................................. 6 4. Transport .................................................................................................................. 8 4.1 Road Transport .................................................................................................... 8 4.2 Rail Transport ...................................................................................................
  • 6. Traffic Demand Forecast

    6. Traffic Demand Forecast

    Preparatory Survey on the Cross-Border Road Network Improvement Project (Bangladesh) Final Report 6. TRAFFIC DEMAND FORECAST 6.1 Present Traffic Situation around the Target Roads 6.1.1 Outline of the Traffic Surveys In order to understand the present traffic situation around the target roads, a traffic count (T/C) survey and a roadside OD survey were implemented. The T/C surveys were conducted for the 3-day survey (for 12 and 24 hours on weekdays, for 12 hours on weekend) at 2 locations, for the 24-hour survey at 6 locations and for the 12-hour survey at 2 locations. The roadside OD survey, which included a 14-hour OD interview survey and 24-hour T/C surveys, was conducted at 5 locations. The location and survey types of these traffic surveys are shown in Figure 6.1.1 and Figure 6.1.2. Also, the surveyed vehicle type is shown in Table 6.1.1. T/C survey were implemented for all types of vehicles (①–⑭), and OD interview survey were implemented for the ③Passenger car (Sedan, SUV) & taxi – ⑪Utility, which are motorized vehicles except ①motorbike, ②CNG (Auto-rickshaw)/Baby taxi and non-motorized light vehicles used for the short distance trips, in order to grasp the origin and destination of the inter-city middle and long trip traffic. Table 6.1.1 Surveyed vehicle type Survey Vehicle Vehicle type Type code ① Motorbike T/C Only ② CNG (Auto-rickshaw)/Baby taxi ③ Passenger car (Sedan, SUV), Taxi ④ Micro bus (up to 15 seats) ⑤ Medium bus (16-39 seats) ⑥ Large bus (40 seats or more) T/C + O/D ⑦ Small truck (2 axles, less than 3 tons) ⑧ Medium truck
  • Transit and Border Trade Barriers in South Asia

    Transit and Border Trade Barriers in South Asia

    6 Transit and Border Trade Barriers in South Asia Prabir De, Sachin Chaturvedi, and Abdur Rob Khan1 1. INTRODUCTION he world has been witnessing the 25th anniversary of the advent of the South Asian Association of Regional Cooperation (SAARC) T in 2009. With the conversion of South Asia Preferential Trade Agreement (SAPTA) into South Asia Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA) in 2006, South Asia is now looking for a Customs Union in 2015 and an Economic Union in 2020. Except Afghanistan and Bhutan, rest South Asian countries are members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and have been practicing the Most Favored Nation (MFN) principles with an exception of India and Pakistan. It is envisaged that SAFTA will lead the growth in intraregional formal trade from US$11 billion in 2007 to US$40 billion by 2015 (RIS 2008). However, in reality, South Asia is far from realizing its trade potential. One of the critical factors preventing South Asia from achieving its full potential is the absence of regional transit trade.2 Unlike the European Union, South Asian countries do not have a regional transit arrangement, although partial transit exists for landlocked countries such as Afghanistan, Bhutan, and Nepal. 140 Prabir De, Sachin Chaturvedi, and Abdur Rob Khan In order to reduce regional and multilateral trade transportation costs, the South Asian countries have been trying to integrate the region through improved connectivity including a regional transit arrangement. A regional transit means a stronger multilateral transit. However, the challenges
  • IBTEX No. 194 of 2020 September 7, 2020

    IBTEX No. 194 of 2020 September 7, 2020

    IBTEX No. 194 of 2020 September 7, 2020 US 73.14| EUR 86.54| GBP 96.80| JPY 0.69 NEWS CLIPPINGS INTERNATIONAL NEWS No Topics 1 US apparel imports decline by 32% 2 Decoupling not good for China or US 3 China’s Exports Kept Expanding in August, While Imports Fell 4 Hemp Traders making hemp fabrics in US 5 Egypt is best-placed in MENA apparel production: Fitch Solutions 6 Bangladesh: RMG export to US drops by 18.54pc in Jan-July Pakistan: Weekly Cotton Report: Prices increase under influence of 7 int'l market 8 Pakistan: Textile exporters claim cess not applicable on them Expanding Bangladesh, India, Nepal rail connectivity to boost 9 regional economy 10 Pakistan: Textile body assured of tariff rationalisation DISCLAIMER: The information in this message be privileged. If you have received it by mistake please notify "the sender" by return e-mail and delete the message from "your system". Any unauthorized use or dissemination of this message in whole or in part is strictly prohibited. Any "information" in this message that does not relate to "official business" shall be understood to be neither given nor endorsed by TEXPROCIL - The Cotton Textiles Export Promotion Council. Page 1 News Clippings NATIONAL NEWS 1 India’s virus woes hit imports more than its exports One Product One District: Govt's new programme to take the 2 'special' product of every district globally Customs to roll out pan-India faceless assessment for all imports by 3 October 31 Despite lockdown impact, UP govt hopeful of growth momentum in 4 export revenue Umbrella PLI
  • Making a Reconnection

    Making a Reconnection

    www.indianexpress.com 2017-11-11 Making a reconnection The distance between Kolkata and Khulna is only about 170-odd kilometres. That’s nearly 1,000 kilometres less than what you would travel to reach Delhi from Howrah, for instance. But such is the logic of nations and history, and the power of borders, that one figure has seemed far more momentous for the people of the two Bengals. Thus, a new weekly train between the two cities inaugurated on Thursday by the prime ministers of India and Bangladesh and the chief minister of West Bengal, is a welcome move. Now you can board the Bandhan Express in the morning in Kolkata and reach Khulna in a little over five hours — one small journey in freeing geography from the clutches of history. A rail connection between Khulna, an industrial city, and the West Bengal capital resumes after a break of 52 years. An earlier service, the Barisal Express, was cancelled during the 1965 India- Pakistan war, when Bangladesh was a part of Pakistan. In that respect, too, this is a long-overdue attempt to bring the two countries closer. Happily, India’s relationship with Bangladesh has been on an upswing since Sheikh Hasina’s landmark visit in 2010. On security issues, especially, our neighbour has been greatly sensitive to our concerns — even though the Teesta water-sharing remains unresolved. That such bigger hurdles are not standing in the way of the flow of people, ideas and cultures between the countries is a sign of maturity — something sorely missing on India’s north-western borders.
  • Status of Transport Connectivity Including Transit Facilitation In

    Status of Transport Connectivity Including Transit Facilitation In

    WELCOME 1 Welcome to THE COUNTRY PRESENTATION OF BANGLADESH 2 Contents of the Presentation 1.General Overview 2.Trade Scenario between Participating Countries 3. Cross- Border and Transit Transport by Land a. Roads b. Train 4. Present status and Challenges. 5. Legal Basis 6. Transport Facilitation Measures 7. Existing Challenges. 8. Suggestions 9. Conclusion General Overview • Area : 1,47,570 sq. kilo miters • Population : 152.70 million (2011) • Total GDP : US$ 150 billion (Aug, 2013) • GDP Per Capita: US$ 1044 (Aug, 2013) • Total Exports : US$ 27.02 billion (FY2012-13) • Total Imports : US$ 33.98 billon (FY2012-13) • Capital : Dhaka • Bangladesh achieved average 6% GDP growth during last five years. 4 Trade Scenario between Participating Countries Trade with Participating Countries F/Y 2012-13 (value in million US$) COUNTRY EXPORT IMPORT BALANCE OF TRADE Afghanistan 3.57 2.30 1.27 Pakistan 68.70 489.80 (-) 421.10 Iran 75.42 7.10 68.32 Bhutan 1.82 24.70 (-) 22.88 Turkey 637.81 224 413.81 Myanmar 13.67 84.10 (-) 70.43 India 536.96 4776.80 (-) 4212.84 Nepal 26.41 35.70 (-) 9.29 Trade with Participating Countries (Value in million US$) Land Ports of Bangladesh • In Bangladesh 21 Land Customs Stations have been declared as Land Port. Major L.P. are: 1. Benapole 2. Burimari 3. Akhaura 4. Sonamosjid 5. Hili 6. Teknaf 7. Bibirbazar 12 L.P.are managed by Bangladesh Land Port Authority, 06 L. P. are operated under BOT. Land Port Wise Trade(2011-12) (In million M.T.) NAME OF THE EXPORT IMPORT TOTAL PORT BENAPOLE 4.64 12.12 16.76 BURIMARI - 3.57 3.57 AKHAURA 5.75 .0017 5.7517 SONAMOSJID - 14.02 14.02 HILI 0.1072 6.03 6.1732 TEKNAF .0063 .85 .8563 BIBIRBAZAR 1.25 - 1.25 Port Wise Export and Import (In million MT) LEGAL BASIS OF ROADS CONNECTIVITY Procedure for Monitoring of entry/exit of Nepalese Vehicles through Phulbari- Bangladesh L.C.S.
  • Cachar District

    Cachar District

    [TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE GAZETTE OF INDIA, EXTRAORDINARY, PART II SECTION 3, SUB SECTION (II)] GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF FINANCE (DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE) Notification No. 45/2010 - CUSTOMS (N.T.) 4th JUNE, 2010. 14 JYESTHA, 1932 (SAKA) S.O. 1322 (E). - In exercise of the powers conferred by clauses (b) and (c) of section 7 of the Customs Act, 1962 (52 of 1962), the Central Government hereby makes the following further amendment(s) in the notification of the Government of India in the Ministry of Finance (Department of Revenue), No. 63/94-Customs (NT) ,dated the 21st November, 1994, namely:- In the said notification, for the Table, the following Table shall be substituted, namely;- TABLE S. Land Land Customs Routes No. Frontiers Stations (1) (2) (3) (4) 1. Afghanistan (1) Amritsar Ferozepur-Amritsar Railway Line (via Railway Station Pakistan) (2) Delhi Railway Ferozepur-Delhi Railway Line. Station 2. Bangladesh CALCUTTA AND HOWRAH AREA (1) Chitpur (a) The Sealdah-Poradah Railway Line Railway Station passing through Gede Railway Station and Dhaniaghat and the Calcutta-Khulna Railway line River Station. passing through Bongaon (b) The Sealdah-Lalgola Railway line (c) River routes from Calcutta to Bangladesh via Beharikhal. (2) Jagannathghat The river routes from Calcutta to Steamer Station Bangladesh via Beharikhal. and Rajaghat (3) T.T. Shed The river routes from Calcutta to (Kidderpore) Bangladesh via Beharikhal. CACHAR DISTRICT (4) Karimganj (a) Kusiyara river Ferry Station (b) Longai river (c) Surma river (5) Karimganj (a) Kusiyara river Steamerghat (b) Surma river (c) Longai river (6) Mahisasan Railway line from Karimganj to Latu Railway Station Railway Station (7) Silchar R.M.S.
  • Duare Sarkar Camp Location (Phase -I) in Cooch Behar District

    Duare Sarkar Camp Location (Phase -I) in Cooch Behar District

    Duare Sarkar Camp Location (Phase -I) in Cooch Behar district Camp Date Block/Municipality(M) Gram Panchayat / Ward Venue 01/12/2020 Cooch Behar (M) Ward - 001 Rambhola High School Cooch Behar (M) Ward - 002 Rambhola High School Cooch Behar-1 Putimari-Fuleswari Paitkapara Ap School Cooch Behar-2 Gopalpur Gopalpur High School Dinhata-1 Gosanimari-I Gosanimari High School Dinhata-1 Gosanimari-II Gosanimari Rajpath Primary School Dinhata-2 Chowdhurihat Chowdhurihat Vivekananda Vidyamandir Dinhata-2 Sukarukuthi Sukarukuthi High School Haldibari Uttar Bara Haldibari Kaluram High School Mathabhanga-1 Gopalpur Gopalpur Pry. School Mathabhanga-2 Angarkata-Pardubi A.K.Paradubi High School Mekhliganj Ranirhat Alokjhari High School Sitai Adabari Konachata High School Sitalkuchi Chhotosalbari Sarbeswarjayduar No. 1 Pry. School Tufanganj-1 Natabari-I Natabari High School Tufanganj-2 Bhanukumari-I Boxirhat Jr. Basic School 02/12/2020 Cooch Behar (M) Ward - 003 Netaji Vidyapith Cooch Behar (M) Ward - 005 Netaji Vidyapith Cooch Behar-1 Chandamari Prannath High School Dinhata-1 Matalhat Matalhat High School Dinhata-1 Petla Nabibaks High School Haldibari Boxiganj Boxiganj Abdul Kader High School Mathabhanga (M) Ward - 001 Mathabhanga Vivekananda Vidyamandir Mathabhanga (M) Ward - 012 Mathabhanga Vivekananda Vidyamandir Mathabhanga-1 Kedarhat Jorshimuli High School Mathabhanga-2 Nishiganj-I Nishiganj Nishimoyee High School Tufanganj-1 Natabari-Ii Bhelapeta High School Tufanganj-2 Bhanukumari-Ii Joraimore Community Hall 03/12/2020 Cooch Behar (M) Ward -
  • China, India, and Myanmar: Playing Rohingya Roulette?

    China, India, and Myanmar: Playing Rohingya Roulette?

    CHAPTER 4 China, India, and Myanmar: Playing Rohingya Roulette? Hossain Ahmed Taufiq INTRODUCTION It is no secret that both China and India compete for superpower standing in the Asian continent and beyond. Both consider South Asia and Southeast Asia as their power-play pivots. Myanmar, which lies between these two Asian giants, displays the same strategic importance for China and India, geopolitically and geoeconomically. Interestingly, however, both countries can be found on the same page when it comes to the Rohingya crisis in Myanmar’s Rakhine state. As the Myanmar army (the Tatmadaw) crackdown pushed more than 600,000 Rohingya refugees into Bangladesh, Nobel Peace Prize winner Aung San Suu Kyi’s government was vociferously denounced by the Western and Islamic countries.1 By contrast, China and India strongly sup- ported her beleaguered military-backed government, even as Bangladesh, a country both invest in heavily, particularly on a competitive basis, has sought each to soften Myanmar’s Rohingya crackdown and ease a medi- ated refugee solution. H. A. Taufiq (*) Global Studies & Governance Program, Independent University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh e-mail: [email protected] © The Author(s) 2019 81 I. Hussain (ed.), South Asia in Global Power Rivalry, Global Political Transitions, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7240-7_4 82 H. A. TAUFIQ China’s and India’s support for Myanmar is nothing new. Since the Myanmar military seized power in September 1988, both the Asian pow- ers endeavoured to expand their influence in the reconfigured Myanmar to protect their national interests, including heavy investments in Myanmar, particularly in the Rakhine state.
  • Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project

    Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project

    Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project A preliminary report from the Arakan Rivers Network (ARN) Preliminary Report on the Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project November 2009 Copies - 500 Written & Published by Arakan Rivers Network (ARN) P.O Box - 135 Mae Sot Tak - 63110 Thailand Phone: + 66(0)55506618 Emails: [email protected] or [email protected] www.arakanrivers.net Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary …………………………………......................... 1 2. Technical Specifications ………………………………...................... 1 2.1. Development Overview…………………….............................. 1 2.2. Construction Stages…………………….................................... 2 3. Companies and Authorities Involved …………………....................... 3 4. Finance ………………………………………………......................... 3 4.1. Projected Costs........................................................................... 3 4.2. Who will pay? ........................................................................... 4 5. Who will use it? ………………………………………....................... 4 6. Concerns ………………………………………………...................... 4 6.1. Devastation of Local Livelihoods.............................................. 4 6.2. Human rights.............................................................................. 7 6.3. Environmental Damage............................................................. 10 7. India- Burma (Myanmar) Relations...................................................... 19 8. Our Aims and Recommendations to the media...................................
  • Claiming Territory: Colonial State Space and the Making of British India’S North-West Frontier

    Claiming Territory: Colonial State Space and the Making of British India’S North-West Frontier

    CLAIMING TERRITORY: COLONIAL STATE SPACE AND THE MAKING OF BRITISH INDIA’S NORTH-WEST FRONTIER A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science by Jason G. Cons January 2005 © 2005 Jason G. Cons ABSTRACT In this thesis, I examine the discursive construction of colonial state space in the context of British India’s turn of the century North-West Frontier. My central argument is that notions of a uniform state space posited in official theorizations of the frontier need to be reexamined not as evidence of a particular kind of rule, but rather as a claim to having accomplished it. Drawing on new colonial historiographies that suggest ways of reading archives and archival documents for their silences and on historical sociological understandings of state-formation, I offer close readings of three different kinds of documents: writing about the North-West Frontier by members of the colonial administration, annual general reports of the Survey of India, and narratives written by colonial frontier officers detailing their time and experience of “making” the frontier. I begin by looking at the writings of George Nathanial Curzon and others attempting to theorize the concept of frontiers in turn of the century political discourse. Framed against the backdrop of the “Great Game” for empire with Russia and the progressive territorial consolidation of colonial frontiers into borders in the late 19th century, these arguments constitute what I call a “colonial theory of frontiers.” This theory simultaneously naturalizes colonial space and presents borders as the inevitable result of colonial expansion.